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Farooqi AA, Shepetov AM, Rakhmetova V, Ruslan Z, Almabayeva A, Saussakova S, Baigonova K, Baimaganbetova K, Sundetgali K, Kapanova G. Interplay between JAK/STAT pathway and non-coding RNAs in different cancers. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:1009-1022. [PMID: 39022684 PMCID: PMC11254501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Progress in the identification of core multi-protein modules within JAK/STAT pathway has enabled researchers to develop a better understanding of the linchpin role of deregulated signaling cascade in carcinogenesis and metastasis. More excitingly, complex interplay between JAK/STAT pathway and non-coding RNAs has been shown to reprogramme the outcome of signaling cascade and modulate immunological responses within tumor microenvironment. Wealth of information has comprehensively illustrated that most of this complexity regulates the re-shaping of the immunological responses. Increasingly sophisticated mechanistic insights have illuminated fundamental role of STAT-signaling in polarization of macrophages to M2 phenotype that promotes disease aggressiveness. Overall, JAK/STAT signaling drives different stages of cancer ranging from cancer metastasis to the reshaping of the tumor microenvironment. JAK/STAT signaling has also been found to play role in the regulation of infiltration and activity of natural killer cells and CD4/CD8 cells by PD-L1/PD-1 signaling. In this review, we have attempted to set spotlight on regulation of JAK/STAT pathway by microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs in primary tumors and metastasizing tumors. Therefore, existing knowledge gaps need to be addressed to propel this fledgling field of research to the forefront and bring lncRNAs and circRNAs to the frontline of clinical practice. Leveraging the growing momentum will enable interdisciplinary researchers to gain transition from segmented view to a fairly detailed conceptual continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abay M. Shepetov
- Department of Nephrology, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Tole Bi St 94, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Zharilkassimov Ruslan
- Department of Surgical Diseases with a Course of Cardio-thoracic Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, NJSC “Astana Medical University”, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Aigul Almabayeva
- Department of Human Anatomy, NJSC “Astana Medical University”, Astana City, Kazakhstan
| | - Saniya Saussakova
- Department of Public Health and Management, NJSC “Astana Medical University”, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | | | - Gulnara Kapanova
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan
- Scientific Center of Anti-Infectious Drugs, 75 Al-Farabi Ave, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
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Almouh M, Soukkarieh C, Kassouha M, Ibrahim S. Crosstalk between circular RNAs and the STAT3 signaling pathway in human cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2024; 1867:195051. [PMID: 39121909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2024.195051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous covalently closed single-stranded RNAs produced by reverse splicing of pre-mRNA. Emerging evidence suggests that circRNAs contribute to cancer progression by modulating the oncogenic STAT3 signaling pathway, which plays key roles in human malignancies. STAT3 signaling-related circRNAs expression appears to be extensively dysregulated in diverse cancer types, where they function either as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. However, the biological effects of STAT3 signaling-related circRNAs and their associations with cancer have not been systematically studied before. Given this, shedding light on the interaction between circRNAs and STAT3 signaling pathway in human malignancies may provide several novel insights into cancer therapy. In this review, we provide a comprehensive introduction to the molecular mechanisms by which circRNAs regulate STAT3 signaling in cancer progression, and the crosstalk between STAT3 signaling-related circRNAs and other signaling pathways. We also further discuss the role of the circRNA/STAT3 axis in cancer chemotherapy sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Almouh
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hama University, Hama, Syria.
| | - Chadi Soukkarieh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Morshed Kassouha
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hama University, Hama, Syria
| | - Samer Ibrahim
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hama University, Hama, Syria; Faculty of Dentistry, Arab Private University of science and Technology, Hama, Syria
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Wang R, Gao C, Yu M, Song J, Feng Z, Wang R, Pan H, Liu H, Li W, Fan X. Mechanistic prediction and validation of Brevilin A Therapeutic effects in Lung Cancer. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:214. [PMID: 38840248 PMCID: PMC11151568 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04516-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been found widespread application in neoplasm treatment, yielding promising therapeutic candidates. Previous studies have revealed the anti-cancer properties of Brevilin A, a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone derived from Centipeda minima (L.) A.Br. (C. minima), a TCM herb, specifically against lung cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms of its effects remain elusive. This study employs network pharmacology and experimental analyses to unravel the molecular mechanisms of Brevilin A in lung cancer. METHODS The Batman-TCM, Swiss Target Prediction, Pharmmapper, SuperPred, and BindingDB databases were screened to identify Brevilin A targets. Lung cancer-related targets were sourced from GEO, Genecards, OMIM, TTD, and Drugbank databases. Utilizing Cytoscape software, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and gene-pathway correlation analysis were conducted using R software. To validate network pharmacology results, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and in vitro experiments were performed. RESULTS We identified 599 Brevilin A-associated targets and 3864 lung cancer-related targets, with 155 overlapping genes considered as candidate targets for Brevilin A against lung cancer. The PPI network highlighted STAT3, TNF, HIF1A, PTEN, ESR1, and MTOR as potential therapeutic targets. GO and KEGG analyses revealed 2893 enriched GO terms and 157 enriched KEGG pathways, including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, and HIF-1 signaling pathway. GSEA demonstrated a close association between hub genes and lung cancer. Gene-pathway correlation analysis indicated significant associations between hub genes and the cellular response to hypoxia pathway. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations confirmed Brevilin A's interaction with PTEN and HIF1A, respectively. In vitro experiments demonstrated Brevilin A-induced dose- and time-dependent cell death in A549 cells. Notably, Brevilin A treatment significantly reduced HIF-1α mRNA expression while increasing PTEN mRNA levels. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that Brevilin A exerts anti-cancer effects in treating lung cancer through a multi-target and multi-pathway manner, with the HIF pathway potentially being involved. These results lay a theoretical foundation for the prospective clinical application of Brevilin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cuiyun Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Yu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jialing Song
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenzhen Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Ruyu Wang
- School of clinical medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huafeng Pan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haimeng Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiangzhen Fan
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
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Matos AGDM, Silva GEB, Barbosa EDS, de Andrade MS, Santos Lages J, Corrêa RDGCF, Oliveira AGC, Teixeira EB, da Silva MGDOP, da Fonseca SSS, Teixeira-Júnior AAL, Alves MS, Alencar Junior AM, Khayat AS, Pinho JD. What is the role of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer? A systematic literature review. Front Genet 2024; 15:1287869. [PMID: 38859935 PMCID: PMC11163134 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1287869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical Cancer (CC) is one of the most prevalent neoplasms among women, considered the leading cause of gynecological death worldwide, and the fourth most common type of cancer. Regional metastasis is closely related to the low effectiveness of treatment, and validating biomarkers can optimize accuracy in diagnosis and prognosis. Among the potential biomarkers associated with disease metastasis are circular RNAs (circRNAs), whose altered expression has been linked to CC progression. In this context, this systematic review aims to compile information on the clinical-pathological significance and describe the biological function of circRNAs. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to include relevant literature, followed by in silico analysis. Additionally, we employed the UALCAN tools to search for host genes of circRNAs and expression data, miRTargetLink 2.0 to predict interactions of microRNA target genes and the Cytoscape software to predict possible interactions of microRNA target genes. According to the research, most circRNAs were found to be overexpressed and described as regulators of processes such as invasion, cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration. They were also implicated in clinical significance, including metastasis, TNM staging and microRNA interactions. CircRNAs may participate in critical processes in tumorigenesis; therefore, understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of gene regulation in CC can contribute to the accuracy of diagnosis, prognosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gyl Eanes Barros Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Adult Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunofluorescence and Electron Microscopy, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Molecular Pathology Study Group, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | | | | | - Joyce Santos Lages
- University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Rita da Graça Carvalhal Frazão Corrêa
- Laboratory of Immunofluorescence and Electron Microscopy, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Augusto Lima Teixeira-Júnior
- Laboratory of Immunofluorescence and Electron Microscopy, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Molecular Pathology Study Group, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus Silva Alves
- State University of the Tocantina Region of Maranhão, Department of Health Sciences, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Antonio Machado Alencar Junior
- Molecular Pathology Study Group, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - André Salim Khayat
- Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Diniz Pinho
- Laboratory of Immunofluorescence and Electron Microscopy, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Molecular Pathology Study Group, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- State University of Maranhão, Zé Doca, Maranhão, Brazil
- Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Janjua D, Thakur K, Aggarwal N, Chaudhary A, Yadav J, Chhokar A, Tripathi T, Joshi U, Senrung A, Bharti AC. Prognostic and therapeutic potential of STAT3: Opportunities and challenges in targeting HPV-mediated cervical carcinogenesis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 197:104346. [PMID: 38608913 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CaCx) ranks as the fourth most prevalent cancer among women globally. Persistent infection of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) is major etiological factor associated with CaCx. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3), a prominent member of the STAT family, has emerged as independent oncogenic driver. It is a target of many oncogenic viruses including HPV. How STAT3 influences HPV viral gene expression or gets affected by HPV is an area of active investigation. A better understanding of host-virus interaction will provide a prognostic and therapeutic window for CaCx control and management. In this comprehensive review, we delve into carcinogenic role of STAT3 in development of HPV-induced CaCx. With an emphasis on fascinating interplay between STAT3 and HPV genome, the review explores the diverse array of opportunities and challenges associated with this field to harness the prognostic and therapeutic potential of STAT3 in CaCx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Janjua
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India; Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Udit Joshi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Anna Senrung
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India; Department of Zoology, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India.
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Li K, Li R, Zhao Z, Feng C, Liu S, Fu Q. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-296-5p and miR-337-3p in age-related erectile dysfunction via regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115449. [PMID: 37688989 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are viewed as an increasingly promising treatment for age-related erectile dysfunction (AED). Owing to the limitations of injecting living cells, the injection of exosomes appears to be a more plausible option. However, whether MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) improve AED and their potential mechanism remains unknown. MSC-Exos were prepared and injected intracavernously into aged rats to determine their effects on AED. Masson's trichrome staining was used to ascertain the changes in the histological structure of the corpus cavernosum. Then miRNA sequencing of MSC-Exos and analysis of the critical exosomal miRNAs were performed, as well as their target pathway enrichment analysis. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot assay were performed to reveal the functions of MSC-Exos in regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, the effects of MSC-Exos on the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs) apoptosis are explored in vitro. The experimental data validate that intracavernous injection of MSC-Exos ameliorated erectile function in AED rats. Masson's trichrome staining shows MSC-Exos therapy restores the histological structure of the corpus cavernosum by improving the ratios of smooth muscle to collagen. The exosomal miR-296-5p and miR-337-3p target and inhibit PTEN, modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, exosomes inhibit the apoptosis of CCSMCs. Our findings suggest that MSC-Exos improve AED by delivering miR-296-5p and miR-337-3p to regulate the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. These results bode well for the therapeutic potential of MSC-Exos for AED treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefan Li
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ruiyu Li
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zongyong Zhao
- Department of Urology, Liaocheng Third People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Feng
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Engineering Laboratory of Urinary Organ and Functional Reconstruction of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Engineering Laboratory of Urinary Organ and Functional Reconstruction of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Kontos CK, Karousi P, Artemaki PI, Abdelgawad A, Dimitriadou A, Machairas NP, Sideris DC, Pappa V, Scorilas A, Batish M, Papageorgiou SG. Novel circular RNAs of the apoptosis-related BAX and BCL2L12 genes identified in a chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell line using nanopore sequencing. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:1953-1966. [PMID: 37424436 PMCID: PMC10549219 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel RNA type generated by back-splicing, are key regulators of gene expression, with deregulated expression and established involvement in leukemia. The products of BCL2 and its homologs, including BAX and BCL2L12, are implicated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, to the best of our knowledge, nothing is known about circRNAs produced by these two genes and their role in CLL. We sought to further elucidate the contribution of BAX and BCL2L12 in CLL by unraveling the identity, localization, and potential role of their circRNAs. Therefore, total RNA from the EHEB cell line and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of CLL patients and non-leukemic blood donors was extracted and reverse-transcribed using random hexamers. Next, nested PCRs with divergent primers were performed and the purified PCR products were subjected to 3rd generation nanopore sequencing. Nested PCRs were also applied to first-strand cDNAs synthesized from total RNA extracts of PBMCs from CLL patients and non-leukemic blood donors. Lastly, a single-molecule resolution fluorescent in situ hybridization method called circFISH was used to visualize the circRNA distribution in EHEB cells. We discovered several novel circRNAs produced by BAX and BCL2L12, which were characterized by great exon structure diversity. In addition, intriguing findings regarding their formation emerged. Interestingly, visualization of the most abundant circRNAs showed distinct intracellular localization. Moreover, a complex BAX and BCL2L12 circRNA expression pattern was revealed in CLL patients and non-leukemic blood donors. Our data suggest a multifaceted role of BAX and BCL2L12 circRNAs in B-cell CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos K. Kontos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of BiologyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensGreece
| | - Paraskevi Karousi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of BiologyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensGreece
| | - Pinelopi I. Artemaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of BiologyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensGreece
| | - Ahmed Abdelgawad
- Department of Medical and Molecular SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDEUSA
| | - Aspasia Dimitriadou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of BiologyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensGreece
| | - Nikolaos P. Machairas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of BiologyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensGreece
| | - Diamantis C. Sideris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of BiologyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensGreece
| | - Vasiliki Pappa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research UnitUniversity General Hospital “Attikon”AthensGreece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of BiologyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensGreece
| | - Mona Batish
- Department of Medical and Molecular SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDEUSA
| | - Sotirios G. Papageorgiou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research UnitUniversity General Hospital “Attikon”AthensGreece
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SERPINA3: Stimulator or Inhibitor of Pathological Changes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010156. [PMID: 36672665 PMCID: PMC9856089 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
SERPINA3, also called α-1-antichymotrypsin (AACT, ACT), is one of the inhibitors of serine proteases, one of which is cathepsin G. As an acute-phase protein secreted into the plasma by liver cells, it plays an important role in the anti-inflammatory response and antiviral response. Elevated levels of SERPINA3 have been observed in heart failure and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Many studies have shown increased expression levels of the SERPINA3 gene in various types of cancer, such as glioblastoma, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, breast cancer, or melanoma. In this case, the SERPINA3 protein is associated with an antiapoptotic function implemented by adjusting the PI3K/AKT or MAPK/ERK 1/2 signal pathways. However, the functions of the SERPINA3 protein are still only partially understood, mainly in the context of cancerogenesis, so it seems necessary to summarize the available information and describe its mechanism of action. In particular, we sought to amass the existing body of research focusing on the description of the underlying mechanisms of various diseases not related to cancer. Our goal was to present an overview of the correct function of SERPINA3 as part of the defense system, which unfortunately easily becomes the "Fifth Column" and begins to support processes of destruction.
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CircLATS2 Regulates miR-520a-3p/E2F7/p-VEGFR2 Signaling Pathway to Promote Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression and Angiogenesis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3744560. [PMID: 35444695 PMCID: PMC9015858 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3744560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of circLATS2 on the progression and angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma and its molecular mechanism. Methods The expression of circLATS2 in hepatocellular carcinoma was detected by qRT-PCR. The StarBase database was used to predict the potential miRNA, and the combination of the above was cytological verified by luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA pull down. The potential target genes of miRNA were predicted by TargetScan, verified by the above experiments, and the influence of circLATS2 on its expression was determined. The biological function of circLATS2 was investigated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. The effects of miRNA and target genes on the malignant behavior of HCC cells were determined by the reverse experiment. Results circLATS2 was highly expressed in HCC and was positively correlated with tumor size and tumor stage. miR-520a-3p was sponged by circLATS2 and was low expressed in HCC tissues. As the target gene of miR-520a-3p, the expression level of E2F7 is affected by circLATS2. In vitro experiments showed that circLATS2 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, clone formation, migration, and invasion ability of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In vivo knockdown of circLATS2 inhibits the proliferation of HCC cells, while overexpression of circLATS2 promotes the proliferation of HCC cells. Overexpression of miR-520a-3p and E2F7 knockdown reversed the role of circLATS2 in promoting malignant behavior of HCC cells and affected phosphorylation of VEGFR2. Conclusion CircLATS2 promotes the progression of HCC by regulating miR-520a-3p/E2F7/P-VEGFR2 signaling pathway.
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