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Amaral DT, Kaplan RA, Takishita TKE, de Souza DR, Oliveira AG, Rosa SP. Glowing wonders: exploring the diversity and ecological significance of bioluminescent organisms in Brazil. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:1373-1392. [PMID: 38733516 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00590-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Bioluminescence, the emission of light by living organisms, is a captivating and widespread phenomenon with diverse ecological functions. This comprehensive review explores the biodiversity, mechanisms, ecological roles, and conservation challenges of bioluminescent organisms in Brazil, a country known for its vast and diverse ecosystems. From the enchanting glow of fireflies and glow-in-the-dark mushrooms to the mesmerizing displays of marine dinoflagellates and cnidarians, Brazil showcases a remarkable array of bioluminescent species. Understanding the biochemical mechanisms and enzymes involved in bioluminescence enhances our knowledge of their evolutionary adaptations and ecological functions. However, habitat loss, climate change, and photopollution pose significant threats to these bioluminescent organisms. Conservation measures, interdisciplinary collaborations, and responsible lighting practices are crucial for their survival. Future research should focus on identifying endemic species, studying environmental factors influencing bioluminescence, and developing effective conservation strategies. Through interdisciplinary collaborations, advanced technologies, and increased funding, Brazil can unravel the mysteries of its bioluminescent biodiversity, drive scientific advancements, and ensure the long-term preservation of these captivating organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo T Amaral
- Centro de Ciências Naturais E Humanas, Universidade Federal Do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós Graduação Em Biotecnociência, Universidade Federal Do ABC (UFABC), Avenida Dos Estados, Bloco A, Room 504-3. ZIP 09210-580, Santo André, São Paulo, 5001, Brazil.
| | - Rachel A Kaplan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Yeshiva University, 245 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | - Daniel R de Souza
- Laboratório de Estudos Avançados Em Jornalismo, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anderson G Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Yeshiva University, 245 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Simone Policena Rosa
- Instituto de Recursos Naturais (IRN), Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI), Itajubá, MG, Brazil
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2
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Ahmadi Y, Jafarian V, Shirdel A. Site-specific mutagenesis on Mnemiopsin 2: Calcium coordination and substrate binding properties of new variants. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4707. [PMID: 38497361 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
We used site-specific mutagenesis by targeting E179 and F190 on the structure of photoprotein Mnemiopsin 2 (Mn2) from Mnemiopsis leidyi. The tertiary structure of E179S and F190L mutants was made by the MODELLER program. Far-ultraviolet circular dichroism data showed that the overall secondary structural content of photoprotein is not changed upon mutation, however the helicity and stabilizing interactions in helical structure decreases in mutants as compared with the wild-type (WT) photoprotein. Fluorescence spectra data revealed that the tertiary structure of the mutants is more compact than that of WT Mn2. According to the heat-induced denaturation experiments data, the melting temperature (Tm ) for the unfolding of tertiary structure of the F190L variant increases by 3°C compared with that of the WT and E179S mutant. Interestingly, the conformational enthalpy of the F190L mutant (86 kcal mol-1 ) is considerably lower than those in the WT photoprotein (102 kcal mol-1 ) and E179S mutant (106 kcal mol-1 ). The significant difference in the enthalpy of the thermal unfolding process could be explained by considering that the thermally denatured state of the F190L mutant is structurally less expanded than the WT and E179S variants. Bioluminescence activity data showed that the maximum characteristic wavelengths of the mutants undergo blue shift as compared with the WT protein. Initial intensity of the F190L and E179S variants was recorded to be 137.5% and 55.9% of the WT protein, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Ahmadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Vahab Jafarian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Akram Shirdel
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
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3
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Natashin PV, Burakova LP, Kovaleva MI, Shevtsov MB, Dmitrieva DA, Eremeeva EV, Markova SV, Mishin AV, Borshchevskiy VI, Vysotski ES. The Role of Tyr-His-Trp Triad and Water Molecule Near the N1-Atom of 2-Hydroperoxycoelenterazine in Bioluminescence of Hydromedusan Photoproteins: Structural and Mutagenesis Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076869. [PMID: 37047842 PMCID: PMC10095345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydromedusan photoproteins responsible for the bioluminescence of a variety of marine jellyfish and hydroids are a unique biochemical system recognized as a stable enzyme-substrate complex consisting of apoprotein and preoxygenated coelenterazine, which is tightly bound in the protein inner cavity. The binding of calcium ions to the photoprotein molecule is only required to initiate the light emission reaction. Although numerous experimental and theoretical studies on the bioluminescence of these photoproteins were performed, many features of their functioning are yet unclear. In particular, which ionic state of dioxetanone intermediate decomposes to yield a coelenteramide in an excited state and the role of the water molecule residing in a proximity to the N1 atom of 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine in the bioluminescence reaction are still under discussion. With the aim to elucidate the function of this water molecule as well as to pinpoint the amino acid residues presumably involved in the protonation of the primarily formed dioxetanone anion, we constructed a set of single and double obelin and aequorin mutants with substitutions of His, Trp, Tyr, and Ser to residues with different properties of side chains and investigated their bioluminescence properties (specific activity, bioluminescence spectra, stopped-flow kinetics, and fluorescence spectra of Ca2+-discharged photoproteins). Moreover, we determined the spatial structure of the obelin mutant with a substitution of His64, the key residue of the presumable proton transfer, to Phe. On the ground of the bioluminescence properties of the obelin and aequorin mutants as well as the spatial structures of the obelin mutants with the replacements of His64 and Tyr138, the conclusion was made that, in fact, His residue of the Tyr-His-Trp triad and the water molecule perform the "catalytic function" by transferring the proton from solvent to the dioxetanone anion to generate its neutral ionic state in complex with water, as only the decomposition of this form of dioxetanone can provide the highest light output in the light-emitting reaction of the hydromedusan photoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel V Natashin
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
| | - Ludmila P Burakova
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
- Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia
| | - Margarita I Kovaleva
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
| | - Mikhail B Shevtsov
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
| | - Daria A Dmitrieva
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
| | - Elena V Eremeeva
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
- Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Markova
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
- Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia
| | - Alexey V Mishin
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
| | - Valentin I Borshchevskiy
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - Eugene S Vysotski
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
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Larionova MD, Wu L, Eremeeva EV, Natashin PV, Gulnov DV, Nemtseva EV, Liu D, Liu Z, Vysotski ES. Crystal structure of semisynthetic obelin-v. Protein Sci 2022; 31:454-469. [PMID: 34802167 PMCID: PMC8819848 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Coelenterazine-v (CTZ-v), a synthetic derivative with an additional benzyl ring, yields a bright bioluminescence of Renilla luciferase and its "yellow" mutant with a significant shift in the emission spectrum toward longer wavelengths, which makes it the substrate of choice for deep tissue imaging. Although Ca2+ -regulated photoproteins activated with CTZ-v also display red-shifted light emission, in contrast to Renilla luciferase their bioluminescence activities are very low, which makes photoproteins activated by CTZ-v unusable for calcium imaging. Here, we report the crystal structure of Ca2+ -regulated photoprotein obelin with 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine-v (obelin-v) at 1.80 Å resolution. The structures of obelin-v and obelin bound with native CTZ revealed almost no difference; only the minor rearrangement in hydrogen-bond pattern and slightly increased distances between key active site residues and some atoms of 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine-v were found. The fluorescence quantum yield (ΦFL ) of obelin bound with coelenteramide-v (0.24) turned out to be even higher than that of obelin with native coelenteramide (0.19). Since both obelins are in effect the enzyme-substrate complexes containing the 2-hydroperoxy adduct of CTZ-v or CTZ, we reasonably assume the chemical reaction mechanisms and the yields of the reaction products (ΦR ) to be similar for both obelins. Based on these findings we suggest that low bioluminescence activity of obelin-v is caused by the low efficiency of generating an electronic excited state (ΦS ). In turn, the low ΦS value as compared to that of native CTZ might be the result of small changes in the substrate microenvironment in the obelin-v active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina D. Larionova
- Photobiology LaboratoryInstitute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”KrasnoyarskRussia,iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lijie Wu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Elena V. Eremeeva
- Photobiology LaboratoryInstitute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”KrasnoyarskRussia,Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarskRussia
| | - Pavel V. Natashin
- Photobiology LaboratoryInstitute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”KrasnoyarskRussia
| | - Dmitry V. Gulnov
- Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarskRussia
| | - Elena V. Nemtseva
- Photobiology LaboratoryInstitute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”KrasnoyarskRussia,Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarskRussia
| | - Dongsheng Liu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhi‐Jie Liu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Eugene S. Vysotski
- Photobiology LaboratoryInstitute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”KrasnoyarskRussia
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Eremeeva EV, Jiang T, Malikova NP, Li M, Vysotski ES. Bioluminescent Properties of Semi-Synthetic Obelin and Aequorin Activated by Coelenterazine Analogues with Modifications of C-2, C-6, and C-8 Substituents. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5446. [PMID: 32751691 PMCID: PMC7432523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+-regulated photoproteins responsible for bioluminescence of a variety of marine organisms are single-chain globular proteins within the inner cavity of which the oxygenated coelenterazine, 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine, is tightly bound. Alongside with native coelenterazine, photoproteins can also use its synthetic analogues as substrates to produce flash-type bioluminescence. However, information on the effect of modifications of various groups of coelenterazine and amino acid environment of the protein active site on the bioluminescent properties of the corresponding semi-synthetic photoproteins is fragmentary and often controversial. In this paper, we investigated the specific bioluminescence activity, light emission spectra, stopped-flow kinetics and sensitivity to calcium of the semi-synthetic aequorins and obelins activated by novel coelenterazine analogues and the recently reported coelenterazine derivatives. Several semi-synthetic photoproteins activated by the studied coelenterazine analogues displayed sufficient bioluminescence activities accompanied by various changes in the spectral and kinetic properties as well as in calcium sensitivity. The poor activity of certain semi-synthetic photoproteins might be attributed to instability of some coelenterazine analogues in solution and low efficiency of 2-hydroperoxy adduct formation. In most cases, semi-synthetic obelins and aequorins displayed different properties upon being activated by the same coelenterazine analogue. The results indicated that the OH-group at the C-6 phenyl ring of coelenterazine is important for the photoprotein bioluminescence and that the hydrogen-bond network around the substituent in position 6 of the imidazopyrazinone core could be the reason of different bioluminescence activities of aequorin and obelin with certain coelenterazine analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Eremeeva
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia; (E.V.E.); (N.P.M.)
| | - Tianyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University–Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Natalia P. Malikova
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia; (E.V.E.); (N.P.M.)
| | - Minyong Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Eugene S. Vysotski
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia; (E.V.E.); (N.P.M.)
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6
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Burakova LP, Vysotski ES. Recombinant Ca 2+-regulated photoproteins of ctenophores: current knowledge and application prospects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5929-5946. [PMID: 31172204 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09939-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bright bioluminescence of ctenophores is conditioned by Ca2+-regulated photoproteins. Although they share many properties characteristic of hydromedusan Ca2+-regulated photoproteins responsible for light emission of marine animals belonging to phylum Cnidaria, a substantial distinction still exists. The ctenophore photoproteins appeared to be extremely sensitive to light-they lose the ability for bioluminescence on exposure to light over the entire absorption spectrum. Inactivation is irreversible because keeping the inactivated photoprotein in the dark does not recover its activity. The capability to emit light can be restored only by incubation of inactivated photoprotein with coelenterazine in the dark at alkaline pH in the presence of oxygen. Although these photoproteins were discovered many years ago, only the cloning of cDNAs encoding these unique bioluminescent proteins in the early 2000s has provided a new impetus for their studies. To date, cDNAs encoding Ca2+-regulated photoproteins from four different species of luminous ctenophores have been cloned. The amino acid sequences of ctenophore photoproteins turned out to completely differ from those of hydromedusan photoproteins (identity less than 29%) though also similar to them having three EF-hand Ca2+-binding sites. At the same time, these photoproteins reveal the same two-domain scaffold characteristic of hydromedusan photoproteins. This review is an attempt to systemize and critically evaluate the data scattered through various articles regarding the structural features of recombinant light-sensitive Ca2+-regulated photoproteins of ctenophores and their bioluminescent and physicochemical properties as well as to compare them with those of hydromedusan photoproteins. In addition, we also discuss the prospects of their biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila P Burakova
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Eugene S Vysotski
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia.
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Eremeeva EV, Vysotski ES. Exploring Bioluminescence Function of the Ca2+
-regulated Photoproteins with Site-directed Mutagenesis. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 95:8-23. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Eremeeva
- Photobiology Laboratory; Institute of Biophysics SB RAS; Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”; Krasnoyarsk Russia
| | - Eugene S. Vysotski
- Photobiology Laboratory; Institute of Biophysics SB RAS; Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”; Krasnoyarsk Russia
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Vacher M, Fdez Galván I, Ding BW, Schramm S, Berraud-Pache R, Naumov P, Ferré N, Liu YJ, Navizet I, Roca-Sanjuán D, Baader WJ, Lindh R. Chemi- and Bioluminescence of Cyclic Peroxides. Chem Rev 2018; 118:6927-6974. [PMID: 29493234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bioluminescence is a phenomenon that has fascinated mankind for centuries. Today the phenomenon and its sibling, chemiluminescence, have impacted society with a number of useful applications in fields like analytical chemistry and medicine, just to mention two. In this review, a molecular-orbital perspective is adopted to explain the chemistry behind chemiexcitation in both chemi- and bioluminescence. First, the uncatalyzed thermal dissociation of 1,2-dioxetane is presented and analyzed to explain, for example, the preference for triplet excited product states and increased yield with larger nonreactive substituents. The catalyzed fragmentation reaction and related details are then exemplified with substituted 1,2-dioxetanone species. In particular, the preference for singlet excited product states in that case is explained. The review also examines the diversity of specific solutions both in Nature and in artificial systems and the difficulties in identifying the emitting species and unraveling the color modulation process. The related subject of excited-state chemistry without light absorption is finally discussed. The content of this review should be an inspiration to human design of new molecular systems expressing unique light-emitting properties. An appendix describing the state-of-the-art experimental and theoretical methods used to study the phenomena serves as a complement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Vacher
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström , Uppsala University , P.O. Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Ignacio Fdez Galván
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström , Uppsala University , P.O. Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Bo-Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Stefan Schramm
- New York University Abu Dhabi , P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates
| | - Romain Berraud-Pache
- Université Paris-Est , Laboratoire Modélisation et Simulation Multi Échelle, MSME, UMR 8208 CNRS, UPEM , 5 bd Descartes , 77454 Marne-la-Vallée , France
| | - Panče Naumov
- New York University Abu Dhabi , P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Ya-Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Isabelle Navizet
- Université Paris-Est , Laboratoire Modélisation et Simulation Multi Échelle, MSME, UMR 8208 CNRS, UPEM , 5 bd Descartes , 77454 Marne-la-Vallée , France
| | - Daniel Roca-Sanjuán
- Institut de Ciència Molecular , Universitat de València , P.O. Box 22085 , Valencia , Spain
| | - Wilhelm J Baader
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química , Universidade de São Paulo , Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 , 05508-000 São Paulo , SP , Brazil
| | - Roland Lindh
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström , Uppsala University , P.O. Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala , Sweden.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Harvard University , 12 Oxford Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
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9
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Ebrahimi M, Mohseni A, Khalifeh K, Ranjbar B, Sajedi RH. Evolutionary conservation of EF-hand ΙΙ loop in aequorin: Priority of intensity to decay rate in bioluminescence emission. Arch Biochem Biophys 2017; 634:29-37. [PMID: 28970088 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As a Ca2+-regulated photoprotein, aequorin (Aeq) contains four EF-hand motifs, the second one lacks the standard sequence for Ca2+ coordination and doesn't bind to Ca2+. Here, we replaced this loop with a functional loop. According to structural studies, although the global stability of modified aequorin (4EFAeq) is higher than that of Aeq; increasing the local flexibility accompanied by internal structural rearrangements in 4EFAeq result in its penetrability to urea and acrylamide. A fast decay rate was observed for 4EFAeq. Assuming the presence of intermediate states in the luminescent reaction, this observation indicate that the loop replacement leads to the lowering of the half-life of intermediate states which results in increasing the rate of conformational switching of 4EFAeq to light emitting form. However, considerable reduction in initial luminescence intensity of 4EFAeq suggests that the number of functional complexes is reduced. Our findings demonstrate that the conformational effects of the second loop in Aeq elicit a delicate balance between local flexibility and global stability which may be considered as an important functional parameter in photoproteins. It was also concluded that evolutionary conservation of EF-hand ΙΙ in the current form is a consequence of priority of intensity to decay rate in bioluminescent organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Ebrahimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ammar Mohseni
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khosrow Khalifeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Bijan Ranjbar
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza H Sajedi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Bioluminescent and biochemical properties of Cys-free Ca 2+ -regulated photoproteins obelin and aequorin. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 174:97-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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