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Oh JW, Gwon S, Lee S, Son NH. Association of social gatherings and physical exercise with depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 178:23-32. [PMID: 39106580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Strict social isolation and physical distancing measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic had significant implications for the psychological well-being of middle-aged and older adults. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with depressive symptoms during the pandemic period among individuals who reported no significant depressive symptoms before the pandemic. Individuals from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging without a previous report of significant depressive symptoms across Waves 6 (2016) and 7 (2018) were investigated for the development of depressive symptoms in Wave 8 (2020). The multivariable logistic regression results revealed that both men and women who participated in social gatherings and physical exercise less than once a week were associated with an increase in the likelihood of depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] 2.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.80-4.61 and OR 2.61; 95% CI 1.64-4.15, respectively for men and OR 2.58; 95% CI 1.80-3.70 and OR 1.51; 95% CI 1.02-2.23, respectively for women). In addition, unmarried men (OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.37-4.14) and women with one chronic disease (OR 1.98; 95% CI 1.14-3.43) or two or more chronic diseases (OR 2.28; 95% CI 1.31-3.99) reported a significant increase in the likelihood of depressive symptoms. Regular social gatherings and physical exercise were identified as key factors in mitigating depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults. The findings can inform the development of public health strategies that promote regular social interactions and physical activity to enhance the psychological resilience and overall well-being of middle-aged and older adults in the endemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Oh
- Department of Psychology, The University of Utah Asia Campus, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyeon Gwon
- Department of Statistics, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - San Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and the Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nak-Hoon Son
- Department of Statistics, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Malak MZ, Khalifeh AH. The Relationship Between Quality of Life and Depressive Symptoms Among Jordanian Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Exp Aging Res 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37990905 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2023.2286873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and quality of life among Jordanian community-dwelling older adults. METHODS A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was used. A convenience sample (N = 602) was selected to recruit the participants in the Amman governorate during the period from August to November 2021. RESULTS Findings demonstrated that the mean (SD) age of older adults was 67.5 (7.0) years and 51.5% of participants were females. Also, 54.1% of the participants experienced moderate to severe depressive symptoms with a total mean (SD) score was 8.57 on a scale of 0 to 15, while the mean (SD) for the quality of life scale was 12.12 (3.85) on a scale of 4 to 20. Significant differences existed in quality of life and depressive symptoms based on marital status (p < .001), educational level (p < .001), working status (p < .01), income (p < .001), and chronic disease (p < .01). Quality of life and its domains were negatively associated with depressive symptoms (B= - 0.596, p < .001). Also, marital status, working, educational level, income, and chronic disease were associated with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Strategies to improve quality of life should be promoted to minimize depressive symptoms among older adults and consider significant demographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malakeh Z Malak
- Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Anas H Khalifeh
- Department of Community & Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
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Cha EJ, Moon Y, Ryu SH, Jeon HJ. Central features in health-related quality of life in older adults: network analysis using nationwide survey data. BJPsych Open 2023; 9:e145. [PMID: 37550873 PMCID: PMC10617500 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2023.536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population ageing is a global phenomenon that necessitates consideration of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older adults. Previous studies have investigated related factors including mobility, social support and living situations. AIMS This study aimed to provide a network perspective on factors related to HRQoL. METHOD Cross-sectional nationwide data were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2018 to 2020 for network analyses. Data for participants aged 65 years or above were analysed, resulting in a total of 4317 eligible cases. The variables included were EQ-5D (a measure of HRQoL), household income, education, living situation, subjective perceived health, Charlson Comorbidity Index (a measure of medical comorbidities), stress, exercise per week, alcohol consumption and smoking. Three networks were produced: (a) EQ-5D dimensions network, (2) EQ-5D dimensions, lifestyle and psychosocial factors network, and (3) overall EQ-5D index, lifestyle and psychosocial factors network. Node centralities, bridge centralities and edges of the networks were examined. RESULTS The most central EQ-5D dimension was the ability to carry out usual activities. In the second network, subjective health, stress and anxiety/depression were revealed as nodes with high bridge centralities. Subjective health, exercise, and Charlson Comorbidity Index were nodes closely linked to the overall EQ-5D index. CONCLUSIONS The results emphasise the importance of enhancing functional independence and subjective health cognition, increasing routine exercise and reducing stress as targets for interventions to improve HRQoL in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Cha
- Department of Psychiatry, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonsil Moon
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Ryu
- Department of Psychiatry, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Jun Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Been S, Byeon H. Predicting Depression in Older Adults after the COVID-19 Pandemic Using ICF Model. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1181. [PMID: 37108014 PMCID: PMC10138015 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11081181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to test a predictive model for depression in older adults in the community after the COVID-19 pandemic and identify influencing factors using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). The subjects of this study were 9920 older adults in South Korean local communities. The analysis results of path analysis and bootstrapping analysis revealed that subjective health status, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), number of chronic diseases, social support satisfaction, household economic level, informal support, and participation in social groups were factors directly influencing depression, while formal support, age, gender, education level, employment status, and participation in social groups were factors indirectly affecting it. It will be needed to prepare measures to prevent depression in older adults during an infectious disease pandemic, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, based on the results of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haewon Byeon
- Department of Digital Anti-Aging Healthcare, Graduate School (BK21), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Republic of Korea
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Linking chronic diseases, cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: A three-wave population-based longitudinal study. J Affect Disord 2023; 324:496-501. [PMID: 36621673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite previous studies illustrate that chronic diseases are risk factors for older adults' psychological health, little is known about its mediating mechanism. This study aims to examine the mediating effect of cognitive impairment. Also, a particular emphasis is placed on whether the Hukou system in China contributes to the adverse effect of chronic diseases on depressive symptoms. METHODS Using the 2014, 2016 and 2018 rounds of the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS), this study estimates fixed-effect panel models for the effect of chronic diseases on depressive symptoms and the mediating effect of cognitive impairment. Meanwhile, the interaction effect of chronic diseases and hukou status on depressive symptoms is also examined. RESULTS The significant relationship between chronic diseases and depressive symptoms is supported in Chinese older adults and this association is found to be mediated by cognitive impairment. Moreover, no urban-rural disparities exist in the effect of chronic diseases on depressive symptoms. LIMITATION All of the measures in this study are relied on self-report, which may result in reporting biases. CONCLUSION This study contributes to our understanding of the relationship between chronic diseases and depressive symptoms and extends the previous literature by considering the Hukou status, a highly distinctive Chinese variable. Practical implications for policy development and intervention design are also provided.
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Kwon M, Ahn SY, Kim SA. Factors Influencing Depressive Symptoms in Middle-Aged South Korean Workers by Job Type: A Population-Based Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14310. [PMID: 36361189 PMCID: PMC9654879 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Depressive symptoms can be influenced by different factors, including job types. In this study, we identified factors that affect depressive symptoms among South Korean workers by job type using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Examined respondents were between 40 and 69 years (N = 9375). A complex sample linear regression analysis revealed various significant factors based on job type. For office workers, the number of household members, health-related quality of life, diabetes, sitting time, subjective health, and stress were significant influencing factors for depressive symptoms (explanatory power of 23.2%) (p < 0.001). For service workers, gender, health-related quality of life, food intake, aerobic exercise, sitting time, subjective health, and stress were significant influencing factors for depressive symptoms (explanatory power of 49.6%) (p < 0.001). For labor workers, gender, type of living, health-related quality of life, BMI, weight change, weight control, aerobic exercise, diabetes, subjective health, and stress were significant influencing factors for depressive symptoms (explanatory power of 35.8%) (p < 0.001). These differences highlight the need for customized programs targeted at each job type to maintain and promote mental health among workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoungjin Kwon
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Korea
| | - Sung Yun Ahn
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Pai Chai University, Daejeon 35345, Korea
| | - Sun Ae Kim
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Life Science, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si 27909, Korea
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Li C, Han Q, Hu J, Han Z, Yang H. Impact of intergenerational support and medical expenditures on depression: Evidence from rural older adults in China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:840864. [PMID: 35937247 PMCID: PMC9354659 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.840864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Globally, depression has become a major health issue among older adults, who experience poor physical health and high medical expenditures. In Asian countries, older adults are greatly dependent on their children. This study assessed the impact of different types of intergenerational support and medical expenditures on depression among older adults in rural China. Method A three-phase balanced panel was constructed based on data from 1,838 rural older adults with comparable scores on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) from the China Family Panel Studies in 2012, 2016, and 2018. A fixed-effects model was used to analyze the impact of intergenerational support and medical expenditures on CES-D score and of intergenerational support on medical expenditures. The propensity score-matching model was used to test the regression results' robustness. Results The findings were as follows. First, different types of intergenerational support had a heterogeneous impact on depression among rural older adults. Emotional support had a significantly negative impact on CES-D score, although too much care-based support had a positive impact on CES-D score. Low-level economic support had no significant effect on CES-D score. Second, medical expenditures impacted depression; among these, non-inpatient medical expenditure had a significant and positive impact on CES-D score. Third, CES-D scores among rural older adults were associated with chronic diseases and per capita family income. Fourth, care-based support was associated with reduced non-inpatient medical expenditures, and the sub-sample regression results indicated that the impact was significant for older adults with no chronic diseases and those younger than 75 years. Conclusion Intergenerational emotional support and non-inpatient medical expenditures directly affected rural older adults' CES-D scores. The mediating role of medical expenditures between intergenerational support and CES-D score was not significant. Measures should be taken to encourage intergenerational emotional support and reduce the pressure on children's economic and care-based support. Further, the medical insurance reimbursement policy, as formal support, should be improved to alleviate depression among rural older adults when children's support is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congrong Li
- School of Public Administration, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Congrong Li
| | - Qing Han
- School of Public Administration, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinrong Hu
- School of Public Administration, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Zeyu Han
- School of Public Administration, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongjuan Yang
- Institute of Sociology, Shaanxi Academy of Social Sciences, Xi'an, China
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Jiang C, Jiang S. Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Late-life Mental Health: Potential Mechanisms Based on a Nationally Representative Survey in China. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 100:104648. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Experiences of implementing a coping mechanism for the elderly who face chronic diseases while living with the family: a phenomenology study. FRONTIERS OF NURSING 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/fon-2022-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Physical and psychological stress causes harm to the health status of the elderly with chronic diseases. This study aimed to understand coping mechanisms of the elderly with chronic conditions who live with their family.
Methods
This study was conducted using a descriptive phenomenology method from the experience of 13 older adults with chronic disease. The study processes were interviewed, tape recorded, transcribed, and explored from the transcripts using Colaizzi's descriptive phenomenological method. The steps of the descriptive phenomenology process are bracketing, intuiting, analyzing, and describing.
Results
The coping mechanisms used by the elderly with chronic diseases are (1) the behavioral focus coping ways by doing sports, and physical activities; (2) Focus on spirituality has been implemented by fasting, chanting, dhikr, and prayer; (3) The cognitive focus by working on hobbies or habitual activities and helping each other; (4) The social interaction focus was by interacting with friends, family, and neighbors.
Conclusions
This shows that elderly adults with disease conditions try to adapt various forms of coping mechanisms, which positively affects their psychological state. Families which have elderly with chronic diseases are expected to provide nurturing and psychological support to them so that the elderly can consistently apply coping mechanisms to overcome and tackle chronic diseases. Understanding the coping mechanism implementation of the elderly who have chronic diseases by their family can guide health specialists in designing psychological and spiritual approach interventions.
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Kim YT, Cha C, Lee MR. Sexual Violence as a Key Predictor of Depressive Symptoms in Women: Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families. Violence Against Women 2022; 28:1326-1340. [PMID: 34985346 DOI: 10.1177/10778012211068061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of violence on depressive symptoms in women. We analyzed panel data from the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families (n = 6,632). Exposure to sexual violence was a significant predictor of the onset of depressive symptoms. After adjusting for all covariates, other predictors included the perception of a poor or very poor health status than normal and participants in their 40s and 50s versus participants younger than 40 years. Assessing exposure to sexual violence might be beneficial for evaluating depressive symptoms in women who are newly diagnosed with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Taek Kim
- 65657Korean Women's Development Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chiyoung Cha
- College of Nursing, Ewha Research Institute of Nursing Science, System Health & Engineering major in Graduate School, 26717Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi-Ran Lee
- Department of Nursing, Kwangju Women's University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Rong J, Wang X, Ge Y, Chen G, Ding H. Association between functional disability and depressive symptoms among older adults in rural China: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021. [PMCID: PMC8719149 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the relationship between functional disability and depressive symptoms, focusing on whether an interaction exists between functional disability, demographic characteristics and depressive symptoms among older adults in rural China.DesignA cross-sectional study using multistage, stratified random sampling.SettingData from 18 villages in Anhui Province of China between January to July 2018.Participants3491 Chinese participants aged 60 and over.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale and WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 were used to evaluate depressive symptoms and functional disability, respectively. Data were analysed using SPSS statistics V.25.0 program with χ2 test, Mann-Whitney U test, binary logistic regression analysis and classification and regression tree (CART) model.ResultsThe prevalence of depressive symptoms in 3336 interviewed older people was 52.94%. After adjustment, subjects who had problems in mobility domain (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.842, 95% CI 1.503 to 2.258), getting along domain (AOR 1.616, 95% CI 1.299 to 2.010), life activities domain (AOR 1.683, 95% CI 1.370 to 2.066) and participation domain (AOR 3.499, 95% CI 2.385 to 4.987) had an increased depressive symptoms risk. However, cognition domain (AOR 0.785, 95% CI 0.647 to 0.953) negatively correlated with depressive symptoms. Additionally, the CART model showed that those who had problems in mobility domain, getting along domain and were unemployed, the possibility of having depressive symptoms was the highest.ConclusionsMore attention should be paid to unemployed older adults, and those with problems in participation, life activities, getting along and mobility and no problems in cognition to maintain a good psychological state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Rong
- Department of Scientific Research, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xueqin Wang
- Department of Medical Engineering, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yanhong Ge
- Department of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guimei Chen
- Department of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Chen LY, Fang TJ, Lin YC, Hsieh HF. Exploring the Mediating Effects of Cognitive Function, Social Support, Activities of Daily Living and Depression in the Relationship between Age and Frailty among Community-Dwelling Elderly. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312543. [PMID: 34886268 PMCID: PMC8656521 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With 16.15% of its total population aged 65 or above, Taiwan is already an aging society. Frailty is a natural consequence of aging, which may decrease physical strength and deteriorate physiological functioning. We examined the mediating effects of cognitive function, social support, activities of daily living (ADL), and depression in the relationship between age and frailty in older people living in the community. This cross-sectional study used a structured questionnaire to collect data from a convenience sample of 200 pre-frail to mildly frail older adults in southern Taiwan. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis, with data collected from July to November 2020. ADL mediated the relationship between age and frailty, while cognitive function also mediated the relationship between age and frailty, indicating that ADL and cognitive function were significant determinants of frailty. The path from age to frailty was significant, indicating that age was a significant determinant of frailty. The standardized total effect of age affected frailty through the mediating roles of ADL and cognitive function. Age, depression, ADL, and cognitive function explained 59% of the variance in frailty among older adults. ADL and cognitive function are significant mediators of frailty among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yen Chen
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Tzu-Jung Fang
- Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Chih Lin
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Humanities and Education, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Fen Hsieh
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-3121101 (ext. 2626)
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Predicting Depression in Community Dwellers Using a Machine Learning Algorithm. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11081429. [PMID: 34441363 PMCID: PMC8394838 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Given the socioeconomic burden of depression, appropriate depression screening for community dwellers is necessary. We used data from the 2014 and 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. The 2014 dataset was used as a training set, whereas the 2016 dataset was used as the hold-out test set. The synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) was used to control for class imbalances between the depression and non-depression groups in the 2014 dataset. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used for feature reduction and classifiers in the final model. Data obtained from 9488 participants were used for the machine learning process. The depression group had poorer socioeconomic, health, functional, and biological measures than the non-depression group. From the initial 37 variables, 13 were selected using LASSO. All performance measures were calculated based on the raw 2016 dataset without the SMOTE. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and overall accuracy in the hold-out test set were 0.903 and 0.828, respectively. Perceived stress had the strongest influence on the classifying model for depression. LASSO can be practically applied for depression screening of community dwellers with a few variables. Future studies are needed to develop a more efficient and accurate classification model for depression.
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Lee TH, Kim W. Is fear of falling and the associated restrictions in daily activity related to depressive symptoms in older adults? Psychogeriatrics 2021; 21:304-310. [PMID: 33576148 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a risk factor for various conditions, including suicide. Considering the high prevalence of fear of falling in the elderly, its association with depression requires examination. This study investigated the relationship between depressive symptoms and fear of falling and falling-induced daily activity restrictions in Koreans aged 60 years or above. METHODS Data from the 2006 to 2018 Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing were used. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 10-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D 10) scale. The general characteristics of the study population were analysed using Chi-square tests. The relationship between the dependent and independent variables were investigated using the generalised estimating equation (GEE) model. RESULTS Of the 2933 study participants, 1086 (37.0%) reported fear of falling but no related restrictions in daily activities, and 399 (13.6%) reported fear of falling plus such restrictions. Compared to individuals without fear of falling, participants with fear of falling but no related activity restriction (odds ratio (OR) 2.08, 95% CI 1.94-2.23) and activity limitations (OR 2.51, 95% CI 2.28-2.75) showed higher likelihoods of depressive symptoms in a stepwise manner after adjustment. CONCLUSION Fear of falling and its induced daily activity restrictions were associated with a higher likelihood of depressive symptoms in older adults. The findings infer the need to implement preventive and moderating measures to address fear of falling and its related negative health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hoon Lee
- Review and Assessment Research Department, Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, Wonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Woorim Kim
- Division of Cancer Control & Policy, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
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von Fingerhut G, Mizukami K, Yam D, Makarov K, Kim Y, Kondyurina E, Yakovleva L. Social and physical factors related to depression in the older population of Siberia, Russia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:272. [PMID: 33892638 PMCID: PMC8066855 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02225-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depression and suicide rates are relatively high in the colder regions of Russia. Older individuals in these regions are especially susceptible to these issues and are understudied in this regard. This study aims to better understand the current depression prevalence, and the factors related to depression, among the older individuals in these colder regions of Russia by studying a population in Novosibirsk oblast. Methods A questionnaire survey was administered to 422 older individuals, assessing basic attributes and health status, and employing the following standardized scales: 8-item Short-Form Health Survey, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Participants were divided in two groups (GDS ≤ 6, GDS > 6) and compared, using Student’s t test, χ2 test, and logistic regression analysis. Results Young old (YO) adults showed significant correlation of depression with asthma (P = 0.005, OR = 6.40, 95%CI: 1.74–23.5), having a spouse (P = 0.016, OR = 1.99, 95%CI: 1.14–3.48), and daily communication with others (P < 0.001, OR = 0.336, 95%CI: 0.197–0.572). Among old old (OO) adults, significant correlation with depression was found for the variables work status (P = 0.047, OR = 0.115, 95%CI: 0.014–0.974), and weekly walking (P = 0.014, OR = 0.288, 95%CI: 0.106–0.778). Conclusions Twenty eight percent of the participants have depression. In YO adults, frequent communication and social ties with individuals outside of the family can mitigate depression prevalence. As for OO adults, the factors that have the highest impact on mitigating depression are related to daily activity, including both frequent walking and working or self-employment. Asthma patients are one of the more sensitive groups towards depression, but further research on this topic is needed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02225-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg von Fingerhut
- Department of Gerontological Nursing and Caring, Human Care Science, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Comprehensive Research Building D-310, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Katsuyoshi Mizukami
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Comprehensive Research Building D-311, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Dorothy Yam
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, 185 Meeting St, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Konstantin Makarov
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Novosibirsk State Medical University, 52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630091
| | - Yuriy Kim
- Department of Nursing, Novosibirsk State Medical University, 52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630091
| | - Elena Kondyurina
- Department of Pediatrics, Novosibirsk State Medical University, 52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630091
| | - Lyudmila Yakovleva
- Department of Nursing, Novosibirsk State Medical University, 52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630091
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Li Y, Wang Y, Morrow-Howell N. Neighborhood Effects on the Health of Chinese Older Adults: Beyond the Rural and Urban Dichotomy. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2021; 61:403-412. [PMID: 32598467 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnaa081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The associations between physical frailty and depressive symptoms among older individuals were established in the existing literature. Taking the person-environment perspective, we argue that neighborhood environment could either buffer the stress derived from being physically vulnerable or worsen it by adding another layer of stressors in the environmental context when physical health declined. The objectives of this study were to explore to what extent the neighborhood-level characteristics moderate the relationship between physical frailty and depressive symptoms. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 wave, 6,245 individuals aged 60 years and older were included for analyses. Multilevel mixed-effects models were fitted to examine the moderating effects of urbanicity and neighborhood-level socioeconomic status (SES) on the relationship between frailty and depressive symptoms among older adults, controlling for individual-level characteristics. RESULTS Results showed a stronger relationship between deterioration in physical health and depressive symptoms in rural neighborhoods and neighborhoods with lower SES, after controlling for individual-level SES. Also, the moderating effects of the neighborhood-level socioeconomic factors remained after controlling for urbanicity, indicating that neighborhood SES works beyond the rural-urban contexts. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Findings from this study demonstrate the important roles of neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics in reshaping, and the need to redefine, China's rural-urban dichotomy. The findings also identified neighborhoods with low SES as potential targets for policy and practice to reduce the stress associated with health decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuekang Li
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri.,Social Survey and Opinion Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Social Work, University of Iowa
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Liang W, Duan Y, Shang B, Hu C, Baker JS, Lin Z, He J, Wang Y. Precautionary Behavior and Depression in Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Online Cross-Sectional Study in Hubei, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041853. [PMID: 33672885 PMCID: PMC7918441 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The large-scale COVID-19 pandemic has not only resulted in the risk of death but also augmented the levels of depression in community-dwelling older adults. The present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of depression in Chinese older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, to examine the association of individual precautionary behavior with older adults’ depression levels, and to identify the moderating role of socioeconomic indicators in the aforementioned association. Five hundred and sixteen older adults were recruited from five cities of Hubei province in China. They were asked to complete an online questionnaire survey. Results showed that 30.8% of participants indicated a significant depressive symptom during the pandemic. Older adults’ depression levels differed significantly in marital status, living situation, education level, household income, subjective health status, and infected cases of acquaintances. Precautionary behavior change showed significant inverse associations with older adults’ depression levels, where household income moderated this relationship. This is the first study to investigate the characteristics, behavioral correlates, and moderators of depression among Chinese older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research findings may provide new insights into interventions and policy-making on individual precautionary behavior and mental health among older adults for future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liang
- Center for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (W.L.); (J.S.B.)
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanping Duan
- Center for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (W.L.); (J.S.B.)
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, College of Health Sciences, Wuhan 430000, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Borui Shang
- Department of Kinesiology, Hebei Institute of Physical Education, Shijiazhuang 050000, China;
| | - Chun Hu
- Student Mental Health Education Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710000, China;
| | - Julien Steven Baker
- Center for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (W.L.); (J.S.B.)
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhihua Lin
- Sport Section, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China;
| | - Jiali He
- Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, College of Health Sciences, Wuhan 430000, China;
| | - Yanping Wang
- The National Physical Fitness Lab, Hubei Institute of Sport Sciences, Wuhan 430000, China;
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18
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Noh HM, Han J, Roh YK, Song HJ. Eating Alone and Cognitive Decline in Korean Older Adults: A 3-Year Prospective Study. Ann Geriatr Med Res 2021; 25:17-24. [PMID: 33550775 PMCID: PMC8024170 DOI: 10.4235/agmr.20.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating alone is a critical factor in nutritional risk screening among older adults. We investigated whether changes in eating status (eating alone or with others) in late-life affected cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS We used data from the Survey of the Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Persons. Nutritional risk, including eating status, was assessed using seven questions from the Nutrition Screening Initiative checklist, and cognitive function was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). On the basis of changes in eating status between baseline (2008) and the 3-year follow-up (2011), the subjects were divided into four groups: group 1 (eating with others at both visits), group 2 (eating alone in 2008 and eating with others in 2011), group 3 (eating with others in 2008 and eating alone in 2011), and group 4 (eating alone at both visits). Generalized linear models were used to compare the changes in MMSE scores over the 3-year period among the four groups. RESULTS Among older women, group 2 had the least decline in MMSE scores (-0.55±0.46), whereas group 3 had the greatest decline (-1.76±0.37) (p=0.034). We observed no difference in the change in MMSE scores among the four eating groups in older men. CONCLUSION Deprivation of mealtime partners in late life enhanced cognitive decline compared with gaining mealtime partners. Eating alone may be a risk factor for cognitive impairment; thus, meal programs reinforcing social integration might help preserve cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Mi Noh
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Junhee Han
- Department of Statistics and Institute of Statistics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Yong Kyun Roh
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Ji Song
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
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Park H, Choi E, Wenzel JA. Racial/ethnic differences in correlates of psychological distress among five Asian-American subgroups and non-Hispanic Whites. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2020; 25:1072-1088. [PMID: 29843534 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2018.1481495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Despite their vastly different historical backgrounds, unique languages and variable pre- and post-immigration experiences, Asian-Americans are considered to share stressors surrounding immigration, but there is a gap in describing manifestations of possible mental distress. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore and compare differences in factors associated with psychological distress among Asian subgroups including Chinese, Filipino, Vietnamese, Korean, Japanese, and non-Hispanic Whites. Design: Using a cross-sectional study design, California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) 2011/2012 data were analyzed. The sample consisted of 29,142 participants: 25,645 non-Hispanic Whites, 3497 non-Hispanic Asian-Americans, 1156 Chinese, 471 Filipinos, 864 Vietnamese, 704 Koreans, and 302 Japanese. Sociodemographic characteristics included gender, age group, marital status, education, poverty level, working status, health insurance, level of acculturation, social cohesion, neighborhood safety, and civic engagement. Physical health status included disability and chronic illness. Psychological distress was evaluated using the Kessler 6 (K6) scale. Results: Results showed that psychological distress levels ranged between 1.96 and 4.52 (p < .05) out of 24 and associated factors were significantly different among the five Asian subgroups and non-Hispanic Whites. Conclusions: The current study highlights the differences in characteristics of psychological distress among Asian subgroups. It underscores the significance of understanding individualized cultural and historical background in each Asian subgroup and subsequently developing and applying appropriate interventions for those groups. In addition, different influencing factors should be applied to assess and prioritize the needs of Asian subgroups to improve psychological distress. The study also warrants further investigation and careful description of each Asian subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjeong Park
- Department of Nursing, Towson University, Towson, MD, USA
| | - Eunsuk Choi
- School of Nursing & Research Institute of Nursing Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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20
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Park S, Kook H, Seok H, Lee JH, Lim D, Cho DH, Oh SK. The negative impact of long working hours on mental health in young Korean workers. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236931. [PMID: 32750080 PMCID: PMC7402483 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Long working hours are known to have a negative effect on health. However, there is no clear evidence for a direct link between mental health and long working hours in the young adult populations. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether long working hours are associated with mental health in young adult workers. Data were collected from a 2012 follow-up survey of the Youth Panel 2007. A total of 3,332 young adult employees (aged 20 to 35) were enrolled in the study. We analyzed stress, depression, and suicidal thoughts by multivariate logistic regression analysis based on working hours (41 to 50, 51 to 60 and over 60 hours, compared to 31 to 40 hours per week), which was adjusted for sex, age, marriage status, region, and educational level. From the 3,332 young adult employees, about 60% of the workers worked more than 40 hours and 17% of the workers worked more than 50 hours per week. In a Chi-square test, stress level, depression, and suicidal thoughts increased with increasing working hours (p-value <0.001, 0.007, and 0.018, respectively). The multivariate logistic regression model showed that, compared to the 31 to 40 hours per week group, the adjusted odds ratios of the 41 to 50, 51 to 60, and over 60 hours per week groups for stress were 1.46(1.23–1.74), 2.25(1.79–2.83) and 2.55(1.72–3.77), respectively. A similar trend was shown in depression [odds ratios: 2.08(1.23–3.53), 2.79(1.44–5.39) and 4.09(1.59–10.55), respectively] and suicidal ideation [odds ratios: 1.98(0.95–4.10), 3.48(1.48–8.19) and 5.30(1.61–17.42), respectively]. We concluded that long working hours were associated with stress, depression, and suicidal ideation in young employees, aged 20 to 35.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Cheonan Medical Center, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyungdon Kook
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hongdeok Seok
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Busan Adventist Hospital, Sahmyook Medical Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Jae Hyoung Lee
- Medical School for International Health, Ben Gurion University, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Daeun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyuk Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Kyu Oh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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21
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Hwang HR, Kim YJ. Effects of Sleep Patterns on the Subjective Health Status in Older Men from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2016. Ann Geriatr Med Res 2020; 24:107-114. [PMID: 32743331 PMCID: PMC7370788 DOI: 10.4235/agmr.20.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sleeping is a major component of health. The prevalence of sleep disorders is expected to be high in older adults, and sleep habits generally differ on weekdays and weekends. This study aimed to clarify the associations between sleep habits and the subjective health status of older adults. Methods This study analyzed data of 1,678 older adults (695 men and 883 women) aged 65 years or older who had participated in the 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII-1) conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The participants’ subjective health perceptions were analyzed according to their sleep habits. Results Weekday and weekend sleep durations were related to subjective health in older men (p<0.05) but not in women. The subjective health perception was significantly better for a 9-hour sleep duration than for a 7-hour sleep duration in older men. Sleeping and waking times on weekdays and weekends were not related to the subjective health of either men or women. Conclusion Weekday and weekend sleep durations were related to subjective health perception in older men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Rim Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan, Korea
| | - Yun-Jin Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan, Korea
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22
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Bae SM. Factors associated with depressive symptoms among elderly Koreans: the role of health status, work ability, financial problems, living alone, and family relationships. Psychogeriatrics 2020; 20:304-309. [PMID: 31883302 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore predictors of depressive symptoms in elderly Koreans. METHODS The data from Korean Welfare Panel survey of Korean Institute for Health and Social Affairs in 2015 was used in this study. Six thousand four hundred and seventy-one elderly adults aged 60-99 participated in this study. Mean age of subjects was 74.37 years (SD = 8.27) and participants were 2569 male (39.7%) and 3902 female (60.3%). RESULTS Multiple hierarchical regression analysis indicated that perceived health status, family relationships, living alone, financial problems, work ability, gender, age, marital status, and religion are significant predictors of elderly depressive symptoms. In particular, perceived health status, family relationships, and work ability were powerful predictors of depressive symptoms in Korean elderly. The total explanatory amount of the regression model was 28.7%. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that researchers and clinicians should consider together factors associated with health status, interpersonal relationships, economic status, work, and socio-demographic variables in order to prevent elderly depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Man Bae
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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23
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Wu HY, Chiou AF. Social media usage, social support, intergenerational relationships, and depressive symptoms among older adults. Geriatr Nurs 2020; 41:615-621. [PMID: 32268948 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2020.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Many older adults are unable to use social media, which may affect their social support and intergenerational relationships and cause depression. To examine this impact on older Taiwanese adults, we used purposive sampling, a cross-sectional, correlational study design, and a structured questionnaire to collect data on participants' characteristics, social media usage, social support, intergenerational relationships, and depressive symptoms. We studied 153 older adults (aged 60 years and above) and found higher levels of depressive symptoms among participants who took medication, did not exercise regularly or participate in leisure activities, experienced poor health and sleep quality, and had poorer functional ability compared to their counterparts. Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with social media usage, social support, and intergenerational relationships. We recommend considering risk factors and offsetting depressive symptoms by promoting the use of social media and regular exercise to increase social interactions, social support, and intergenerational relationships among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Ying Wu
- School of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Fu Chiou
- School of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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24
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Kouvatsou K, Iliadou M, Kalatzi P, Evanthia S, Christos P, Maria K, Tziaferi S. Depression Among Elderly Users of Open and Closed Care Facilities in a Rural Region of Greece: an Important Public Health Issue. Mater Sociomed 2020; 32:35-40. [PMID: 32410889 PMCID: PMC7219719 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2020.32.35-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: It is estimated that 5.7% of the total Greek population suffers from depressive disorders. Elderly may be particularly prone to depression compared to younger people. In Greece, there is a paucity of literature regarding the correlation between the existence of chronic diseases, sociodemographic features, participation in open/ closed structures, and the presence of depression or depressive symptoms, among seniors. The purpose of this study was to explore potential correlations between the above- mentioned variables, as a whole. Methods: This was a cross- sectional, questionnaire survey of 200 elderly aged 65 or above and were members of 12 Open Care Centers for the Elderly (OCCE) or residents in 2 nursing homes located in the rural region of Epirus, in Greece. Data collection took place in the form of structured individual interviews. For the identification of independent factors associated with the existence of depressive symptoms, stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: A total of 81 (40.5%) seniors experienced depressive symptoms, though only 39 of them (19.5%) had been diagnosed for depression. Depression rates were higher for those with more chronic diseases (p=0.01) and at divorced, widowed and single seniors compared to married ones (50.5% vs. 28.1% respectively, p=0.002). The prevalence of depression was higher among the elderly who lived in nursing homes compared to the participants who were registered members of the OCCE (50% vs. 35.6% respectively, p=0.049), while elderly who often participated in the social activities of OCCE, had significantly lower rates of depressive symptoms compared to those who scarcely were involved in these activities (23% vs. 46.2% respectively, p=0.019). Participants who suffered from osteoporosis were more likely of displaying depressive symptoms compared to those who didn’t; OR (95% Confidence Interval) = 2.61 (1.28-5.33), p=0.009. Conclusions: The existence of an action plan that includes education and training of health professionals on mental health of the elderly and the satisfactory operation of public facilities to promote the wellbeing of seniors and offer more incentives for activity participation, may reduce depression rates and the under-diagnosis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Kouvatsou
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece
| | - Maria Iliadou
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece.,Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, Aigaleo, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Kalatzi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece
| | - Sakellari Evanthia
- Department of Public and Community Health, Faculty of Public Health University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Prapas Christos
- Department of Public and Community Health, Faculty of Public Health University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Kalafati Maria
- Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Styliani Tziaferi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece
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Rong J, Chen G, Wang X, Ge Y, Meng N, Xie T, Ding H. Correlation Between Depressive Symptoms And Quality Of Life, And Associated Factors For Depressive Symptoms Among Rural Elderly In Anhui, China. Clin Interv Aging 2019; 14:1901-1910. [PMID: 31806946 PMCID: PMC6839580 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s225141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to assess the current status of depressive symptoms and quality of life (QoL) among rural elderly in central China (Anhui Province) and explore their correlation and associated factors for depressive symptoms. Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to obtain 3349 participants (aged ≥60): 1206 poor and 2143 non-poor. The 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30) and five-dimensional European quality of health scale (EQ-5D) were employed to evaluate depressive symptoms and QoL, respectively. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 52.9%, and that in the poor group (62.3%) was significantly higher than the non-poor group (47.6%). The GDS-30 score was 12.40 ± 7.089, and the poor group scored significantly higher (14.045 ± 6.929) than the non-poor group (11.472 ± 7.011). The EQ-5D score was 0.713 ± 0.186, and the poor group (0.668 ± 0.192) scored significantly lower than the non-poor group (0.738 ± 0.178). There was a significant negative correlation between depressive symptoms and QoL (r = −0.400, P-value <0.05). The following factors were associated with depressive symptoms: poverty, low EQ-5D score, female gender, older age, illiteracy, unemployed, chronic diseases, and hospitalization in previous year. Conclusion Rural elderly in central China have a high prevalence of depressive symptoms and low QoL. Poverty was associated with a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms and lower QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Rong
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Guimei Chen
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqin Wang
- Department of Medical Engineering, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Ge
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Nana Meng
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Xie
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
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Fatima M, Sehar A, Ali M, Iqbal A, Shaukat F. Incidence of Depression Among Community Dwelling Healthy Elderly and the Predisposing Socio-environmental Factors. Cureus 2019; 11:e4292. [PMID: 31183273 PMCID: PMC6538234 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.4292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The average life expectancy is increasing with better medical facilities and evolving technology. The ratio of the geriatric population is increasing, which drives a need to invest more in the physical and psychological health of older people. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of depression in community-dwelling healthy older adults. Methods Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15) was utilized in this study. Community-dwelling older adults (age 65+ years) were approached in parks, mosques, grocery stores, and waiting areas of banks. Demographic information including age, gender, education, marital status, employment, and financial status, and family structure was recorded. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS v. 22.0. Results Out of the 367 elderly participants, there were 165 (45%) men and 202 (55%) women. Depression was reported in 37% (n = 136) individuals; 29.7% (n = 109) were suggestive of depression, while 33.2% (n = 122) were not depressed. Risk factors for the development of depression included female gender, not living with a spouse (separated/spouse died/single), being financially dependent, being employed, and living alone (not in a joint or nuclear family). Conclusion The incidence of depression is high among healthy community-dwelling elderly individuals in Pakistan. Geriatric health should be taken into consideration. There should be strategies and guidelines to screen the geriatric population for psycho-social symptoms and provide them with psychological counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maham Fatima
- Internal Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Alina Sehar
- Internal Medicine, United Medical and Dental College, Karachi, PAK
| | - Maha Ali
- Surgery, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Asra Iqbal
- Internal Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Faizan Shaukat
- Internal Medicine, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, PAK
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Noh HM, Han J, Kim YJ, Jung JH, Roh YK, Song HJ. Sex differences in the relationship between cognitive impairment and overweight or obesity in late life: A 3-year prospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14736. [PMID: 30817627 PMCID: PMC6831333 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between body weight changes in late life and cognitive function is controversial.We investigated whether weight gain or loss in late life affected cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults over a 3-year period.Our study used data from the Survey of Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Persons and included 3859 subjects (aged ≥65 years) with normal cognition at baseline. At baseline and the 3-year follow-up, body weight and height were measured, and cognitive function was assessed using the mini-mental state examination. Based on their body mass index (BMI) at baseline and follow-up, we divided the subjects into 4 groups: weight gain (baseline BMI <23 kg/m and follow-up BMI ≥23 kg/m); weight loss (baseline BMI ≥23 kg/m and follow-up BMI <23 kg/m); stable overweight/obese (BMI ≥23 kg/m at both visits); and stable non-overweight/obese (BMI <23 kg/m at both visits). Incidence rates (IRs) of cognitive impairment per 100 persons and IR ratios (IRRs) were calculated for each group and adjusted for confounding variables.At the 3-year follow-up, 610 cases of cognitive impairment (15.8%) were identified. The stable overweight/obese group had the lowest IR (14.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 12.45-15.71) and was therefore used as the reference group when calculating IRRs for cognitive impairment. When men and women were evaluated separately, IRs between groups were significantly different only for women. The stable non-overweight/obese group (IRR 1.65, 95% CI 1.22-2.22) and the weight gain group (IRR 1.93, 95% CI 1.24-3.01) had higher IRs than those in the stable overweight/obese group. As a gain or loss of adiposity, the IR of the weight gain group (IRR 1.17, 95% CI 0.74-1.84) was not different from that of the stable non-overweight/obese group. Also, the IR of weight loss group (IRR 1.09, 95% CI 0.71-1.67) was not significantly different from that of the stable overweight/obese group.We suggest that overweight or obese older women at baseline had cognitive benefits. However, additional gain or loss of adiposity in late life did not affect the risk of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Mi Noh
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Anyang
| | - Junhee Han
- Department of Statistics and Institute of Statistics, Hallym University
| | - Yeo Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon
| | - Jin-Hyung Jung
- Biostatistics, Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Catholic University
| | - Yong Kyun Roh
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Ji Song
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Anyang
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Abstract
Objectives: To determine the proportion of geriatric depression and factors associated with its occurrence among a sample of the elderly population in Sohag Governorate. Methods: A cross-sectional, community-based study was conducted from May 2016 to March 2017 with 1,027 elderly individuals (aged ≥60 years) living in Sohag Governorate, Egypt. A questionnaire was designed and included inquiries on socio-demographic variables (age, gender, and residence) and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) to determine the outcome variable, the presence of depression, among the studied elderly population. Results: About two-thirds (62.7%) of participants suffered from depression. Regarding depression levels, 450 (43.8%) participants had mild depression with GDS-15 scores between 5 and 8, and 18.9% of participants had moderate depression, represented by GDS-15 scores between 9 and 11. No participants had severe depression. Applying logistic regression analysis, increased age, female gender, and living in rural areas were significantly linked to the occurrence of geriatric depression among participants. Conclusion: These findings highlight the need to introduce geriatric clinics into healthcare services and to provide counseling and psychiatric services, and to support high-risk groups and evaluate them regularly for early detection in order to positively impact their life quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Y Aly
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt. E-mail.
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29
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Yang J, Park EC, Lee SA, Lee JE, Choi DW, Chae W, Jang SI. The Association between Social Contacts and Depressive Symptoms among Elderly Koreans. Psychiatry Investig 2018; 15:861-868. [PMID: 30184614 PMCID: PMC6166029 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2018.06.28.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE South Korea has an increasing aging population; thus, the management of depressive symptoms in elderly individuals is important. In this population, fewer social contacts might be a risk factor for depressive symptoms. We examined associations between the frequency of social contacts and depressive symptoms among elderly Koreans and factors associated with these symptoms. METHODS Data from 62,845 individuals over 65 years of age enrolled in the 2015 Community Health Survey were used in this study. Logistic regression was performed to test the association between depressive symptoms and social contacts. RESULTS Individuals who had contact with neighbors less than once a week were more likely to experience depressive symptoms [odds ratio (OR): 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10-1.35] compared to those who had contact more than once a week. Individuals who had frequent contact with neighbors and friends, neighbors and relatives, or all three groups were significantly less likely to experience depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION The frequency of social contact with neighbors was the most powerful factor associated with elderly adults' depressive symptoms among other social relationships. Additional senior welfare centers may facilitate the ability of elderly individuals in meeting neighbors, thereby reducing the risk of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Yang
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ah Lee
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Eun Lee
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Choi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjeong Chae
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-In Jang
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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30
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Lee SY, Atteraya MS. Depression, Poverty, and Abuse Experience in Suicide Ideation Among Older Koreans. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2018; 88:46-59. [PMID: 29673253 DOI: 10.1177/0091415018768256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We examined to what extent the depression, poverty, and elder abuse experience affect suicide ideation among older Koreans. The data from the Survey of Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Persons were used. A sample of 10,279 members was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis revealed that younger old (65-69 years) were more likely to have suicide ideation that oldest old (80 years and older). After including all predicting variables such as depression, poverty, and abuse experience, results showed that depression, poverty, and abuse experience remained predictors for suicide ideation. Higher level of depression ( OR = 1.19) was positively associated with suicide ideation. Poor older person ( OR = 1.59) and those who experienced abuse ( OR = 2.37) were more likely to have suicide ideation than their counterparts. We conclude that suicide prevention policy needs to take a holistic approach, which integrates the mental health of the older people, family welfare, and economic well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Young Lee
- 1 Department of Social Welfare, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
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31
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Park H, Choi E, Park YS, Wenzel JA. Racial and Ethnic Differences in Mental Health among Asian Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites: Based on California Health Interview Survey. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2018; 39:208-214. [PMID: 29182435 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2017.1379575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
While Asians are becoming the largest ethnic group in the United States, studies have focused on Asians as a single population. The purpose of this study was to explore the racial and ethnic mental health differences between non-Hispanic Whites and Asians, with an emphasis on understudied subgroups, from the California Health Interview Survey 2011/2012. In this dataset Asians had significantly lower adjusted odds ratios for both mental distress and serious mental illness. However, when Asians were divided into subgroups and compared to Whites, Vietnamese and Japanese subgroups were significantly lower than Whites for mental distress while Koreans were significantly higher. Vietnamese and Chinese were found to have significantly less serious mental illness than Whites in the subgroup analyses. Our results underscore the importance of recognizing that Asian subgroups should not be overlooked, and all Asians should not automatically be treated as a homogenous group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjeong Park
- a Department of Nursing , Towson University , Towson , Maryland , USA
| | - Eunsuk Choi
- b Kyungpook National University , School of Nursing & Research Institute of Nursing Science , Daegu , South Korea
| | - Young-Su Park
- c Department of Nursing , Catholic University of Pusan , Busan , South Korea
| | - Jennifer A Wenzel
- d School of Nursing , The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland , USA
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32
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Foong HF, Hamid TA, Ibrahim R, Haron SA. Information processing speed as a mediator between psychosocial stress and global cognition in older adults. Psychogeriatrics 2018; 18:21-29. [PMID: 29372603 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The link between psychosocial stress and cognitive function is complex, and previous studies have indicated that it may be mediated by processing speed. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to examine whether processing speed mediates the association between psychosocial stress and global cognition in older adults. Moreover, the moderating role of gender in this model is examined as well. METHODS The study included 2322 community-dwelling older adults in Malaysia who were randomly selected through a multistage proportional cluster random sampling technique. Global cognition construct was measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment; psychosocial stress construct was measured by perceived stress, depression, loneliness, and neuroticism; and processing speed was assessed by the Digit Symbol Substitution Test. Structural equation modelling was used to analyze the mediation and moderation tests. RESULTS Processing speed was found to partially mediate the relationship between psychosocial stress and global cognition (β in the direct model = -0.15, P < 0.001; β in the full mediation model = -0.11, P < 0.001). Moreover, the relationship between psychosocial stress and global cognition was found to be significant in men only, whereas the association between processing speed and global cognition was significant in men and women. CONCLUSIONS Psychosocial stress may increase the likelihood that older adults will experience poor processing capacity, which could reduce their higher level cognition. Results indicate that there is a need to develop processing capacity intervention programmes for psychologically distressed older adults to prevent them from suffering cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui F Foong
- Department of Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (MyAgeing), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Tengku A Hamid
- Department of Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (MyAgeing), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Rahimah Ibrahim
- Department of Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (MyAgeing), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sharifah A Haron
- Department of Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (MyAgeing), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Resource Management and Consumer Studies, Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Tanimukai H. Prevalence of cognitive impairments following chemotherapy and its relationship to depression in Japanese breast cancer survivors: an exploratory study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.15406/ijcam.2018.11.00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kim W, Kim TH, Lee TH, Ju YJ, Park EC. The association between objective income and subjective financial need and depressive symptoms in South Koreans aged 60 and older. Psychogeriatrics 2017; 17:389-396. [PMID: 28378442 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the effect of the gap between objective income and subjective financial need on depressive symptoms in individuals aged 60 and older. METHODS Data from the 2011 and 2013 Korean Retirement and Income Study were used. A total of 4891 individuals aged 60 and older were included at baseline. The Generalized Estimating Equation model was used to examine the association between the gap in objective income and subjective financial need and the presence of depressive symptoms, which were measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. RESULTS Compared to individuals in the middle objective income-middle subjective financial need group, individuals in the low-low category (odds ratio (OR): 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-1.61) and the low-middle category (OR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.09-1.45) showed a statistically significant higher likelihood of having depressive symptoms. In contrast, participants in the middle-low (OR: 0.74, 95%CI: 0.54-0.99), high-low (OR: 0.50, 95%CI: 0.34-0.73), high-middle (OR: 0.74, 95%CI: 0.63-0.87), and high-high categories (OR: 0.74, 95%CI: 0.55-0.99) were less likely to exhibit depressive symptoms. Additionally, the lower likelihood of depressive symptoms found in middle- and high-income groups with lower levels of subjective financial need was strong among individuals with chronic disease. CONCLUSIONS Differences in the prevalence of depressive symptoms generally exist between individuals of the same income category depending on perceived income adequacy. Therefore, it is important to consider discrepancies in objective income and subjective financial need when assessing risk factors for depressive symptoms in older populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woorim Kim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Graduate School of Public Heath, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeong Jun Ju
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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35
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Chung SS, Joung KH. Demographics and Health Profiles of Depressive Symptoms in Korean Older Adults. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2017; 31:164-170. [PMID: 28359428 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the demographics and health characteristics of depressive symptoms of Korean older adults. Data were from the 2014 survey of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA). Hierarchical logistic regression was conducted to identify risk factors of depressive symptoms. Model 2 including socio-demographics and health characteristics explained 19.2% of depressive symptoms. Significant risk factors of depressive symptoms were men, age of 53-60 years, mid-sized city and rural area residents, less than high-school education, adults without spouse, 1st (lowest) quintile of annual household income, body shape as underweight, ex-smokers, non-drinkers, no regular exercise, perceived health status as poor, limited activities of daily living, and the number of comorbidities. Interventions to reduce depressive symptoms in these populations should include strategies to change some of these modifiable risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Suk Chung
- Department of Statistics and Institute of Applied Statistics, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyoung Hwa Joung
- Department of Nursing, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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Snowden MB, Steinman LE, Bryant LL, Cherrier MM, Greenlund KJ, Leith KH, Levy C, Logsdon RG, Copeland C, Vogel M, Anderson LA, Atkins DC, Bell JF, Fitzpatrick AL. Dementia and co-occurring chronic conditions: a systematic literature review to identify what is known and where are the gaps in the evidence? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2017; 32:357-371. [PMID: 28146334 PMCID: PMC5962963 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The challenges posed by people living with multiple chronic conditions are unique for people with dementia and other significant cognitive impairment. There have been recent calls to action to review the existing literature on co-occurring chronic conditions and dementia in order to better understand the effect of cognitive impairment on disease management, mobility, and mortality. METHODS This systematic literature review searched PubMed databases through 2011 (updated in 2016) using key constructs of older adults, moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment (both diagnosed and undiagnosed dementia), and chronic conditions. Reviewers assessed papers for eligibility and extracted key data from each included manuscript. An independent expert panel rated the strength and quality of evidence and prioritized gaps for future study. RESULTS Four thousand thirty-three articles were identified, of which 147 met criteria for review. We found that moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment increased risks of mortality, was associated with prolonged institutional stays, and decreased function in persons with multiple chronic conditions. There was no relationship between significant cognitive impairment and use of cardiovascular or hypertensive medications for persons with these comorbidities. Prioritized areas for future research include hospitalizations, disease-specific outcomes, diabetes, chronic pain, cardiovascular disease, depression, falls, stroke, and multiple chronic conditions. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes that living with significant cognitive impairment or dementia negatively impacts mortality, institutionalization, and functional outcomes for people living with multiple chronic conditions. Our findings suggest that chronic-disease management interventions will need to address co-occurring cognitive impairment. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark B. Snowden
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lesley E. Steinman
- Health Promotion Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lucinda L. Bryant
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Monique M. Cherrier
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kurt J. Greenlund
- National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Katherine H. Leith
- College of Social Work, Hamilton College, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Cari Levy
- Division of Health Care Policy and Research, School of Medicine, University of Colorado and the Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Rebecca G. Logsdon
- UW School of Nursing, Northwest Research Group on Aging, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Catherine Copeland
- Health Promotion Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mia Vogel
- Health Promotion Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lynda A. Anderson
- National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David C. Atkins
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Janice F. Bell
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Annette L. Fitzpatrick
- Departments of Family Medicine, Epidemiology, and Global Health, School of Medicine and School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Son YJ, Won MH. Depression and medication adherence among older Korean patients with hypertension: Mediating role of self-efficacy. Int J Nurs Pract 2017; 23. [PMID: 28194846 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have reported the negative effects of depression on adherence to antihypertensive medication. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying this relationship in elderly patients with hypertension. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to examine the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between depression and medication adherence among older patients with hypertension. The data were collected from October to December 2014. A total of 255 older patients with hypertension were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale, the Self-efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale, and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Hierarchical linear regression analysis and the Sobel test were used to examine the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between depression and medication adherence. Depression and self-efficacy were statistically significant predictors of medication adherence in older patients with hypertension. Self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between depression and medication adherence. Interventions targeting self-efficacy could increase the confidence of patients in their ability to actively take their medicines. Moreover, health care providers should be aware of the importance of early detection of depression in older patients with hypertension. Future studies with longitudinal data are warranted to clarify the multidirectional relationships between depression, self-efficacy, and medication adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Jung Son
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Hwa Won
- College of Nursing, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
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Park JI, Yang JC, Han C, Park TW, Chung SK. Suicidal Ideation Among Korean Elderly: Risk Factors and Population Attributable Fractions. Psychiatry 2016; 79:262-281. [PMID: 27880624 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2016.1175837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors of suicidal ideation and their population attributable fraction (PAF) in a representative sample of the elderly population in Korea. METHOD We examined the data set from the Survey of Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Persons, which was conducted by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs (KIHASA) in 2011. In that survey, 10,674 participants were randomly selected from those older than age 65. Simultaneous multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the risk factors of suicidal ideation in terms of their sociodemographic and health-related variables. Subsequently, the PAF was calculated with adjustment for other risk factors. RESULTS The weighted prevalences of depression and suicidal ideation were 30.3% and 11.2%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, factors significantly associated with decreased risk of suicidal ideation included old-old age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.66 for 75 to 79 years, OR = 0.52 for 80 to 84 years, OR = 0.32 for older than 85 years), economic status (OR = 0.59 for 5th quintile; more than US$25,700 per year), whereas those associated with increased risk included poor social support (OR = 1.28), currently smoking (OR = 1.42), sleep problems (OR = 1.74), chronic illness (OR = 1.40), poor subjective health (OR = 1.56), functional impairment (OR = 1.45), and depression (OR = 4.36). Depression was associated with a fully adjusted PAF of 45.7%, followed by chronic illness (19.4%), poor subjective health status (18.9%), sleep problems (14.1%), functional impairment (4.9%), poor social support (4.2%), and currently smoking (3.6%). CONCLUSIONS Preventive strategies focused particularly on depression might reduce the impact of suicidal ideation in the elderly population. Also, specific mental health centers focused on the specific needs of the elderly population should be established to manage suicidal risk.
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