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Berwian IM, Tröndle M, de Miquel C, Ziogas A, Stefanics G, Walter H, Stephan KE, Huys QJM. Emotion-Induced Frontal Alpha Asymmetry as a Candidate Predictor of Relapse After Discontinuation of Antidepressant Medication. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024; 9:809-818. [PMID: 38735534 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One in 3 patients relapse after antidepressant discontinuation. Thus, the prevention of relapse after achieving remission is an important component in the long-term management of major depressive disorder. However, no clinical or other predictors are established. Frontal reactivity to sad mood as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging has been reported to relate to relapse independently of antidepressant discontinuation and is an interesting candidate predictor. METHODS Patients (n = 56) who had remitted from a depressive episode while taking antidepressants underwent electroencephalography (EEG) recording during a sad mood induction procedure prior to gradually discontinuing their medication. Relapse was assessed over a 6-month follow-up period. Thirty five healthy control participants were also tested. Current source density of the EEG power in the alpha band (8-13 Hz) was extracted and alpha asymmetry was computed by comparing the power across 2 hemispheres at frontal electrodes (F5 and F6). RESULTS Sad mood induction was robust across all groups. Reactivity of alpha asymmetry to sad mood did not distinguish healthy control participants from patients with remitted major depressive disorder on medication. However, the 14 (25%) patients who relapsed during the follow-up period after discontinuing medication showed significantly reduced reactivity in alpha asymmetry compared with patients who remained well. This EEG signal provided predictive power (69% out-of-sample balanced accuracy and a positive predictive value of 0.75). CONCLUSIONS A simple EEG-based measure of emotional reactivity may have potential to contribute to clinical prediction models of antidepressant discontinuation. Given the very small sample size, this finding must be interpreted with caution and requires replication in a larger study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel M Berwian
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute & Psychology Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey; Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Marius Tröndle
- Methods of Plasticity Research, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carlota de Miquel
- Research Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anastasios Ziogas
- Faculty of Psychology, University Distance Suisse, Brig, Switzerland
| | - Gabor Stefanics
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Henrik Walter
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaas E Stephan
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland; Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Quentin J M Huys
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Applied Computational Psychiatry Lab, Mental Health Neuroscience Department, Division of Psychiatry and Max Planck Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Park SE, Chung J, Lee J, Kim MJB, Kim J, Jeon HJ, Kim H, Woo C, Kim H, Lee SA. Digital assessment of cognitive-affective biases related to mental health. PLOS DIGITAL HEALTH 2024; 3:e0000595. [PMID: 39208388 PMCID: PMC11361731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
With an increasing societal need for digital therapy solutions for poor mental health, we face a corresponding rise in demand for scientifically validated digital contents. In this study we aimed to lay a sound scientific foundation for the development of brain-based digital therapeutics to assess and monitor cognitive effects of social and emotional bias across diverse populations and age-ranges. First, we developed three computerized cognitive tasks using animated graphics: 1) an emotional flanker task designed to test attentional bias, 2) an emotional go-no-go task to measure bias in memory and executive function, and 3) an emotional social evaluation task to measure sensitivity to social judgments. Then, we confirmed the generalizability of our results in a wide range of samples (children (N = 50), young adults (N = 172), older adults (N = 39), online young adults (N=93), and depression patients (N = 41)) using touchscreen and online computer-based tasks, and devised a spontaneous thought generation task that was strongly associated with, and therefore could potentially serve as an alternative to, self-report scales. Using PCA, we extracted five components that represented different aspects of cognitive-affective function (emotional bias, emotional sensitivity, general accuracy, and general/social attention). Next, a gamified version of the above tasks was developed to test the feasibility of digital cognitive training over a 2-week period. A pilot training study utilizing this application showed decreases in emotional bias in the training group (that were not observed in the control group), which was correlated with a reduction in anxiety symptoms. Using a 2-channel wearable EEG system, we found that frontal alpha and gamma power were associated with both emotional bias and its reduction across the 2-week training period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Eon Park
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Chung
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyun Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minwoo JB Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Kim
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungsook Kim
- Hanyang Digital Healthcare Center, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choongwan Woo
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hackjin Kim
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ah Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Périard IAC, Dierolf AM, Lutz A, Vögele C, Voderholzer U, Koch S, Bach M, Asenstorfer C, Michaux G, Mertens VC, Schulz A. Frontal alpha asymmetry is associated with chronic stress and depression, but not with somatoform disorders. Int J Psychophysiol 2024; 200:112342. [PMID: 38614440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2024.112342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Cardinal characteristics of somatoform disorders (SFDs) are worry of illness, and impaired affective processing. We used relative frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA), a method to measure functional lateralization of affective processing, to investigate psychobiological correlates of SFDs. With alpha activity being inversely related to cortical network activity, relative FAA refers to alpha activity on the right frontal lobe minus alpha activity on the left frontal lobe. Less relative left frontal activity, reflected by negative FAA scores, is associated with lower positive and greater negative affectivity, such as observed in depression. Due to its negative affective component (illness anxiety), we expected to find less relative left frontal activity pattern in SFDs, and positive associations with self-reported chronic stress and depression symptoms. We recorded resting-state EEG activity with 64 electrodes, placed in a 10-10 system in 26 patients with a primary SFD, 23 patients with a major depressive disorder and 25 healthy control participants. The groups did not differ in FAA. Nevertheless, across all participants, less relative left frontal activity was associated with chronic stress and depression symptoms. We concluded that FAA may not serve as an indicator of SFDs. As the relationship of FAA and depressive symptoms was fully mediated by chronic stress, future studies have to clarify whether the association between FAA and chronic stress may represent a shared underlying factor for the manifestation of mental health complaints, such as depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Anne-Claire Périard
- Research Group 'Brain-Body Interaction', Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Institute of Medical Psychology, Charité University Medical Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Developmental and Cognitive Psychology, University of Regensburg. Regensburg, Germany
| | - Angelika Margarete Dierolf
- Research Group 'Brain-Body Interaction', Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Annika Lutz
- Research Group 'Brain-Body Interaction', Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Claus Vögele
- Research Group 'Brain-Body Interaction', Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Ulrich Voderholzer
- Schoen Clinic Roseneck, Prien am Chiemsee, Germany; Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Koch
- Schoen Clinic Roseneck, Prien am Chiemsee, Germany
| | - Michael Bach
- Practice for Psychosomatics and Stress Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Gilles Michaux
- Research Group 'Brain-Body Interaction', Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; GesondheetsZentrum, Fondation Hôpitaux Robert Schuman, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Vera-Christina Mertens
- Research Group 'Brain-Body Interaction', Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - André Schulz
- Research Group 'Brain-Body Interaction', Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Institute for Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Trier University, Trier, Germany.
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Neuhaus E, Santhosh M, Kresse A, Aylward E, Bernier R, Bookheimer S, Jeste S, Jack A, McPartland JC, Naples A, Van Horn JD, Pelphrey K, Webb SJ. Frontal EEG alpha asymmetry in youth with autism: Sex differences and social-emotional correlates. Autism Res 2023; 16:2364-2377. [PMID: 37776030 PMCID: PMC10840952 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
In youth broadly, EEG frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) associates with affective style and vulnerability to psychopathology, with relatively stronger right activity predicting risk for internalizing and externalizing behaviors. In autistic youth, FAA has been related to ASD diagnostic features and to internalizing symptoms. Among our large, rigorously characterized, sex-balanced participant group, we attempted to replicate findings suggestive of altered FAA in youth with an ASD diagnosis, examining group differences and impact of sex assigned at birth. Second, we examined relations between FAA and behavioral variables (ASD features, internalizing, and externalizing) within autistic youth, examining effects by sex. Third, we explored whether the relation between FAA, autism features, and mental health was informed by maternal depression history. In our sample, FAA did not differ by diagnosis, age, or sex. However, youth with ASD had lower total frontal alpha power than youth without ASD. For autistic females, FAA and bilateral frontal alpha power correlated with social communication features, but not with internalizing or externalizing symptoms. For autistic males, EEG markers correlated with social communication features, and with externalizing behaviors. Exploratory analyses by sex revealed further associations between youth FAA, behavioral indices, and maternal depression history. In summary, findings suggest that individual differences in FAA may correspond to social-emotional and mental health behaviors, with different patterns of association for females and males with ASD. Longitudinal consideration of individual differences across levels of analysis (e.g., biomarkers, family factors, and environmental influences) will be essential to parsing out models of risk and resilience among autistic youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Neuhaus
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute; Center on Child Health, Behavior & Development
- University of Washington Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences
| | - Megha Santhosh
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute; Center on Child Health, Behavior & Development
| | - Anna Kresse
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health
| | - Elizabeth Aylward
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Integrative Brain Research
| | | | - Susan Bookheimer
- University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Dept. of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences
- University of California Los Angeles, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center
| | - Shafali Jeste
- University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Dept. of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences
- University of California Los Angeles, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center
| | | | | | | | - John D. Van Horn
- University of Virginia, Dept. of Psychology
- University of Virginia, School of Data Science
| | - Kevin Pelphrey
- University of Virginia, Dept. of Psychology
- University of Virginia, Dept. of Neurology, Brain Institute & School of Education & Human Development
| | - Sara Jane Webb
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute; Center on Child Health, Behavior & Development
- University of Washington Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences
- University of Washington, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center
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Roley-Roberts ME, Pan X, Bergman R, Tan Y, Hendrix K, deBeus R, Kerson C, Arns M, Ging Jehli NR, Connor S, Schrader C, Arnold LE. For Which Children with ADHD is TBR Neurofeedback Effective? Comorbidity as a Moderator. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2023; 48:179-188. [PMID: 36526924 DOI: 10.1007/s10484-022-09575-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We examined psychiatric comorbidities moderation of a 2-site double-blind randomized clinical trial of theta/beta-ratio (TBR) neurofeedback (NF) for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Seven-to-ten-year-olds with ADHD received either NF (n = 84) or Control (n = 58) for 38 treatments. Outcome was change in parent-/teacher-rated inattention from baseline to end-of-treatment (acute effect), and 13-month-follow-up. Seventy percent had at least one comorbidity: oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (50%), specific phobias (27%), generalized anxiety (23%), separation anxiety (16%). Comorbidities were grouped into anxiety alone (20%), ODD alone (23%), neither (30%), or both (27%). Comorbidity (p = 0.043) moderated acute effect; those with anxiety-alone responded better to Control than to TBR NF (d = - 0.79, CI - 1.55- - 0.04), and the other groups showed a slightly better response to TBR NF than to Control (d = 0.22 ~ 0.31, CI - 0.3-0.98). At 13-months, ODD-alone group responded better to NF than Control (d = 0.74, CI 0.05-1.43). TBR NF is not indicated for ADHD with comorbid anxiety but may benefit ADHD with ODD.Clinical Trials Identifier: NCT02251743, date of registration: 09/17/2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle E Roley-Roberts
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Nisonger Center UCEDD, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Creighton University, 7101 Newport Avenue, Suite 203, Omaha, NE, 68105, USA.
| | - Xueliang Pan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rachel Bergman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Nisonger Center UCEDD, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yubo Tan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kyle Hendrix
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Roger deBeus
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Asheville, Asheville, NC, USA
| | - Cynthia Kerson
- Department of Applied Psychophysiology, Saybrook University, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Applied Psychophysiology Education (APEd), Napa, CA, USA
| | - Martijn Arns
- Research Institute Brainclinics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Deptartment Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Shea Connor
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Asheville, Asheville, NC, USA
| | - Constance Schrader
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Asheville, Asheville, NC, USA
| | - L Eugene Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Nisonger Center UCEDD, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Tsai YC, Li CT, Juan CH. A review of critical brain oscillations in depression and the efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1073984. [PMID: 37260762 PMCID: PMC10228658 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1073984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) have been proven effective non-invasive treatments for patients with drug-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD). However, some depressed patients do not respond to these treatments. Therefore, the investigation of reliable and valid brain oscillations as potential indices for facilitating the precision of diagnosis and treatment protocols has become a critical issue. The current review focuses on brain oscillations that, mostly based on EEG power analysis and connectivity, distinguish between MDD and controls, responders and non-responders, and potential depression severity indices, prognostic indicators, and potential biomarkers for rTMS or iTBS treatment. The possible roles of each biomarker and the potential reasons for heterogeneous results are discussed, and the directions of future studies are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Tsai
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, College of Health Sciences and Technology, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Li
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, College of Health Sciences and Technology, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hung Juan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, College of Health Sciences and Technology, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Cognitive Intelligence and Precision Healthcare Center, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Shokouh Alaei H, Ghoshuni M, Vosough I. Directed brain network analysis in anxious and non-anxious depression based on EEG source reconstruction and graph theory. Biomed Signal Process Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2023.104666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Xie YH, Zhang YM, Fan FF, Song XY, Liu L. Functional role of frontal electroencephalogram alpha asymmetry in the resting state in patients with depression: A review. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:1903-1917. [PMID: 36998965 PMCID: PMC10044961 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i9.1903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a psychological disorder that affects the general public worldwide. It is particularly important to make an objective and accurate diagnosis of depression, and the measurement methods of brain activity have gradually received increasing attention. Resting electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha asymmetry in patients with depression shows changes in activation of the alpha frequency band of the left and right frontal cortices. In this paper, we review the findings of the relationship between frontal EEG alpha asymmetry in the resting state and depression. Based on worldwide studies, we found the following: (1) Compared with individuals without depression, those with depression showed greater right frontal EEG alpha asymmetry in the resting state. However, the pattern of frontal EEG alpha asymmetry in the resting state in depressive individuals seemed to disappear with age; (2) Compared with individuals without maternal depression, those with maternal depression showed greater right frontal EEG alpha asymmetry in the resting state, which indicated that genetic or experience-based influences have an impact on frontal EEG alpha asymmetry at rest; and (3) Frontal EEG alpha asymmetry in the resting state was stable, and little or no change occurred after antidepressant treatment. Finally, we concluded that the contrasting results may be due to differences in methodology, clinical characteristics, and participant characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hong Xie
- Psychology College of Teacher Education, Center of Group Behavior and Social Psychological Service, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ye-Min Zhang
- Psychology College of Teacher Education, Center of Group Behavior and Social Psychological Service, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fan-Fan Fan
- Psychology College of Teacher Education, Center of Group Behavior and Social Psychological Service, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xi-Yan Song
- Psychology College of Teacher Education, Center of Group Behavior and Social Psychological Service, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Psychology College of Teacher Education, Center of Group Behavior and Social Psychological Service, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang Province, China
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Marcu GM, Szekely-Copîndean RD, Radu AM, Bucuță MD, Fleacă RS, Tănăsescu C, Roman MD, Boicean A, Băcilă CI. Resting-state frontal, frontlateral, and parietal alpha asymmetry:A pilot study examining relations with depressive disorder type and severity. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1087081. [PMID: 37008856 PMCID: PMC10062203 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1087081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe search for biomarkers has been central to efforts of improving clinical diagnosis and prognosis in psychopathology in the last decades. The main approach has been to validate biomarkers that could accurately discriminate between clinical diagnoses of very prevalent forms of psychopathology. One of the most popular electrophysiological markers proposed for discrimination in depressive disorders is the electroencephalography (EEG)-derived frontal alpha asymmetry. However, the validity, reliability and predictive value of this biomarker have been questioned in recent years, mainly due to conceptual and methodological heterogeneity.MethodsIn the current non-experimental, correlational study we investigated relationship of resting-state EEG alpha asymmetry from multiple sites (frontal, frontolateral, and parietal) with different forms of depressive disorders (varying in type or severity), in a clinical sample.ResultsResults showed that alpha asymmetry in the parietal (P3-P4) was significantly higher than in the frontal (F3-F4) and frontolateral sites (F7-F8). However, we did not find significant relations between alpha asymmetry indices and our depressive disorder measures, except for a moderate positive association between frontolateral alpha asymmetry (eyes-closed only) and depressive disorder severity (determined through clinical structured interview). We also found no significant differences in alpha asymmetry between participants, depending on their depression type.DiscussionBased on results, we propose the parietal and frontolateral asymmetry indices to form hypotheses that should not be abandoned in the depression markers research, but worth for further experimental research. Methodological and clinical implications of the current findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M. Marcu
- Department of Psychology, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Scientific Collective for Research in Neuroscience, Clinical Psychiatric Hospital “Dr. Gh. Preda”, Sibiu, Romania
| | - Raluca D. Szekely-Copîndean
- Scientific Collective for Research in Neuroscience, Clinical Psychiatric Hospital “Dr. Gh. Preda”, Sibiu, Romania
- Department of Social and Human Research, Romanian Academy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Radu
- Department of Psychology, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
- Scientific Collective for Research in Neuroscience, Clinical Psychiatric Hospital “Dr. Gh. Preda”, Sibiu, Romania
- *Correspondence: Ana-Maria Radu,
| | - Mihaela D. Bucuță
- Department of Psychology, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
- Center for Psychological Research, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
| | - Radu S. Fleacă
- Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
| | - Ciprian Tănăsescu
- Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
| | - Mihai D. Roman
- Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
| | - Adrian Boicean
- Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
| | - Ciprian I. Băcilă
- Scientific Collective for Research in Neuroscience, Clinical Psychiatric Hospital “Dr. Gh. Preda”, Sibiu, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
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Wang B, Kang Y, Huo D, Chen D, Song W, Zhang F. Depression signal correlation identification from different EEG channels based on CNN feature extraction. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 328:111582. [PMID: 36565553 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a mental illness and can even lead to suicide if not be diagnosed and treated. Electroencephalograph (EEG) is used to diagnose depression and it is more complexity to extract the features from all the multimodal channel information . In order to simplify the diagnose process and detect clinical depression, the EEG channels with strong depression information should be identified firstly. Therefore, a depression signal correlation identification method based on convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. In the method, the labeled multi-channel EEG is used as data. The EEG signals of each channel are divided into neural network training data set and these data is trained by AlexNet network. Then the correlation classification of each channel for depression is identified based on the trained sample. Accuracy and loss functions are used to evaluate classification index.Conversely, the correlation is lower. An experiments is conducted and the results show that the correlation is not consistent. A few of channels are strongly correlated with depression, such as 13, 17, 28, 40, 46, 66 and 69. These EEG channels are selected to diagnose depression.
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Monni A, Collison KL, Hill KE, Oumeziane BA, Foti D. The novel frontal alpha asymmetry factor and its association with depression, anxiety, and personality traits. Psychophysiology 2022; 59:e14109. [PMID: 35616309 PMCID: PMC9532346 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) is widely examined in EEG research, yet a procedural consensus on its assessment is lacking. In this study, we tested a latent factorial approach to measure FAA. We assessed resting-state FAA at broad, low, and high alpha bands (8-13; 8-10.5; and 11-13 Hz) using mastoids as reference electrodes and Current Source Density (CSD) transformation (N = 139 non-clinical participants). From mastoid-referenced data, we extracted a frontal alpha asymmetry factor (FAAf) and a parietal factor (PAAf) subjecting all asymmetry indices to a varimax-rotated, principal component analysis. We explored split-half reliability and discriminant validity of the mastoid factors and the mastoid and CSD raw asymmetry indices (F3/4, F7/8, P3/4, and P7/8). Both factor and raw scores reached an excellent split-half reliability (>.99), but only the FAAf reached the maximum discriminant validity from parietal scores. Next, we explored the correlations of latent factor and raw FAA scores with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and personality traits to determine which associations were driven by FAA after variance from parietal activity was removed. After correcting for false discovery rate, only FAAf at the low alpha band was negatively associated with depression symptoms (a latent CES-D factor) and significantly diverged from PAAf's association with depression symptoms. With respect to personality traits, only CSD-transformed F7/8 was positively correlated with Conscientiousness and significantly diverged from the correlations between Conscientiousness and P3/4 and P7/8. Overall, the latent factor approach shows promise for isolating functionally distinct resting-state EEG signatures, although further research is needed to examine construct validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Monni
- Department of Psychology, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’, Rome, Italy
- Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Kaylin E. Hill
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Belel Ait Oumeziane
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Dan Foti
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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Glier S, Campbell A, Corr R, Pelletier-Baldelli A, Belger A. Individual differences in frontal alpha asymmetry moderate the relationship between acute stress responsivity and state and trait anxiety in adolescents. Biol Psychol 2022; 172:108357. [PMID: 35662579 PMCID: PMC10091222 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Stress is a risk factor in the development and maintenance of psychopathology, particularly anxiety. Despite theory suggesting differences in stress responsivity may explain heterogeneity in anxiety, findings remain contradictory. This may be due to failure to account for individuals' neurobiological states and outdated methodologic analyses which confound conceptually and biologically distinct stress response pathways. In 145 adolescents, this study examined whether individual differences in neural activation underlying motivational states, indexed by resting frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) before and after the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), moderate the relationship between stress responsivity (measured by cortisol) and anxiety. Adolescents with rightward FAA activation (indexed by changes in resting FAA pre-to-post TSST) and high trait anxiety showed blunted cortisol reactivities while those with leftward FAA activation and high state anxiety showed prolonged cortisol recoveries. Our work reveals individual differences in vulnerability to psychosocial stressors and is the first study to show that FAA activation moderates the relationships between anxiety and distinct phases of the stress response in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Glier
- School of Medicine at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Psychiatry Department at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Alana Campbell
- Psychiatry Department at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rachel Corr
- Psychiatry Department at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Aysenil Belger
- Psychiatry Department at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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13
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Galkin S, Bokhan N. The differential diagnosis of unipolar and bipolar depression based on EEG signals. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2022; 122:51-56. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202212211151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Poltorak A. Replicating Cortical Signatures May Open the Possibility for "Transplanting" Brain States via Brain Entrainment. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:710003. [PMID: 34630058 PMCID: PMC8492906 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.710003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain states, which correlate with specific motor, cognitive, and emotional states, may be monitored with noninvasive techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) that measure macroscopic cortical activity manifested as oscillatory network dynamics. These rhythmic cortical signatures provide insight into the neuronal activity used to identify pathological cortical function in numerous neurological and psychiatric conditions. Sensory and transcranial stimulation, entraining the brain with specific brain rhythms, can effectively induce desired brain states (such as state of sleep or state of attention) correlated with such cortical rhythms. Because brain states have distinct neural correlates, it may be possible to induce a desired brain state by replicating these neural correlates through stimulation. To do so, we propose recording brain waves from a "donor" in a particular brain state using EEG/MEG to extract cortical signatures of the brain state. These cortical signatures would then be inverted and used to entrain the brain of a "recipient" via sensory or transcranial stimulation. We propose that brain states may thus be transferred between people by acquiring an associated cortical signature from a donor, which, following processing, may be applied to a recipient through sensory or transcranial stimulation. This technique may provide a novel and effective neuromodulation approach to the noninvasive, non-pharmacological treatment of a variety of psychiatric and neurological disorders for which current treatments are mostly limited to pharmacotherapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Poltorak
- Neuroenhancement Lab, Suffern, NY, United States
- The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
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15
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Resting posterior alpha power and adolescent major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 141:233-240. [PMID: 34256274 PMCID: PMC8364881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For several decades, resting electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha oscillations have been used to characterize neurophysiological alterations related to major depressive disorder. Prior research has generally focused on frontal alpha power and asymmetry despite resting alpha being maximal over posterior electrode sites. Research in depressed adults has shown evidence of hemispheric asymmetry for posterior alpha power, however, the resting posterior alpha-depression link among adolescents remains unclear. To clarify the role of posterior alpha among depressed adolescents, the current study acquired eyes-closed 128-channel resting EEG data from 13 to 18 year-old depressed (n = 31) and healthy (n = 35) female adolescents. Results indicated a significant group by hemisphere interaction, as depressed adolescents exhibited significantly larger posterior alpha (i.e., lower brain activity) over the right versus left hemisphere, whereas healthy adolescents showed no hemispheric differences. Relatively greater alpha over the right versus left hemisphere correlated with depression symptoms, anhedonia symptoms, rumination, and self-criticism. Further, depressed adolescents had reduced overall posterior alpha compared to healthy youth; though, no associations with symptoms and related traits emerged. Resting posterior alpha may be a promising neurophysiological index of adolescent depression, and more broadly, may relate to risk factors characterized by enhanced perseveration.
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Lin IM, Chen TC, Lin HY, Wang SY, Sung JL, Yen CW. Electroencephalogram patterns in patients comorbid with major depressive disorder and anxiety symptoms: Proposing a hypothesis based on hypercortical arousal and not frontal or parietal alpha asymmetry. J Affect Disord 2021; 282:945-952. [PMID: 33601739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is often comorbid with anxiety disorders or symptoms. Brain hyperactivity, frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA), and parietal alpha asymmetry (PAA) have been considered as trait markers in patients with MDD. This study investigated the electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns among patients with MDD comorbid with anxiety symptoms. METHODS One hundred and thirty-five patients with MDD comorbid with anxiety (MDD group) and 135 healthy controls (HC group) were analyzed. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were completed, and 19 EEG channels were measured during the resting state, depressive recall and recovery tasks, and happiness recall and recovery tasks. FAA and PAA were computed by log (F4 alpha)-log (F3 alpha) and log (P4 alpha)-log (P3 alpha). RESULTS The FAA and PAA indices between the two groups showed no significant differences; however, compared with the HC group, the MDD group had lower total delta and theta values, and higher total beta, low beta, and high beta values in the resting state. The total beta value positively correlated with the BDI-II and BAI scores in the MDD group. LIMITATIONS Most patients had anxious MDD and taking prescriptions, antidepressants or benzodiazepine may affect EEG patterns. CONCLUSION Compared with HCs, patients with MDD comorbid with anxiety had a higher beta activity in the entire brain region, supporting the role of brain hyperactivity, instead of FAA or PAA, as a trait marker in these patients. A neurofeedback protocol could be developed in future based on the brain hyperactivity findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Mei Lin
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan; Pervasive Artificial Intelligence Research (PAIR) Labs, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Chun Chen
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Lin
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Clinical Psychology, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - San-Yu Wang
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Li Sung
- Department of Mechanical and Electromechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wen Yen
- Department of Mechanical and Electromechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Thériault RK, Manduca JD, Perreault ML. Sex differences in innate and adaptive neural oscillatory patterns link resilience and susceptibility to chronic stress in rats. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2021; 46:E258-E270. [PMID: 33769022 PMCID: PMC8061734 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.200117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder is a chronic illness with a higher incidence in women. Dysregulated neural oscillatory activity is an emerging mechanism thought to underlie major depressive disorder, but whether sex differences in these rhythms contribute to the development of symptoms is unknown. METHODS We exposed male and female rats to chronic unpredictable stress and characterized them as stress-resilient or stress-susceptible based on behavioural output in the forced swim test and the sucrose preference test. To identify sex-specific neural oscillatory patterns associated with stress response, we recorded local field potentials from the prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, nucleus accumbens and dorsal hippocampus throughout stress exposure. RESULTS At baseline, female stress-resilient rats innately exhibited higher theta coherence in hippocampal connections compared with stress-susceptible female rats. Following stress exposure, additional oscillatory changes manifested: stress-resilient females were characterized by increased dorsal hippocampal theta power and cortical gamma power, and stress-resilient males were characterized by a widespread increase in high gamma coherence. In stress-susceptible animals, we observed a pattern of increased delta and reduced theta power; the changes were restricted to the cingulate cortex and dorsal hippocampus in males but occurred globally in females. Finally, stress exposure was accompanied by the time-dependent recruitment of specific neural pathways, which culminated in system-wide changes that temporally coincided with the onset of depression-like behaviour. LIMITATIONS We could not establish causality between the electrophysiological changes and behaviours with the methodology we employed. CONCLUSION Sex-specific neurophysiological patterns can function as early markers for stress vulnerability and the onset of depression-like behaviours in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel-Karson Thériault
- From the department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada (Thériault, Manduca, Perreault) and the Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada (Thériault, Perreault)
| | - Joshua D Manduca
- From the department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada (Thériault, Manduca, Perreault) and the Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada (Thériault, Perreault)
| | - Melissa L Perreault
- From the department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada (Thériault, Manduca, Perreault) and the Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada (Thériault, Perreault)
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Patterns of Intrahemispheric EEG Asymmetry in Insomnia Sufferers: An Exploratory Study. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10121014. [PMID: 33352804 PMCID: PMC7766079 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10121014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with insomnia present unique patterns of electroencephalographic (EEG) asymmetry between homologous regions of each brain hemisphere, yet few studies have assessed asymmetry within the same hemisphere. Increase in intrahemispheric asymmetry during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in good sleepers (GS) and disruption of REM sleep in insomnia sufferers (INS) both point out that this activity may be involved in the pathology of insomnia. The objective of the present exploratory study was to evaluate and quantify patterns of fronto-central, fronto-parietal, fronto-occipital, centro-parietal, centro-occipital and parieto-occipital intrahemispheric asymmetry in GS and INS, and to assess their association with sleep-wake misperception, daytime anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as insomnia severity. This paper provides secondary analysis of standard EEG recorded in 43 INS and 19 GS for three nights in a sleep laboratory. Asymmetry measures were based on EEG power spectral analysis within 0.3–60 Hz computed between pairs of regions at frontal, central, parietal and occipital derivations. Repeated-measures ANOVAs were performed to assess group differences. Exploratory correlations were then performed on asymmetry and sleep-wake misperception, as well as self-reported daytime anxiety and depressive symptoms, and insomnia severity. INS presented increased delta and theta F3/P3 asymmetry during REM sleep compared with GS, positively associated with depressive and insomnia complaints. INS also exhibited decreased centro-occipital (C3/O1, C4/O2) and parieto-occipital (P3–O1, P4/O2) theta asymmetry during REM. These findings suggest that INS present specific patterns of intrahemispheric asymmetry, partially related to their clinical symptoms. Future studies may investigate the extent to which asymmetry is related to sleep-wake misperception or memory impairments.
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Stewart JL, White EJ, Kuplicki R, Akeman E, Paulus MP, Aupperle RL, Khalsa SS, Savitz JB, Victor TA, Paulus MP, Aupperle RL. Women with Major Depressive Disorder, Irrespective of Comorbid Anxiety Disorders, Show Blunted Bilateral Frontal Responses during Win and Loss Anticipation. J Affect Disord 2020; 273:157-166. [PMID: 32421596 PMCID: PMC7306441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroencephalography (EEG) studies suggest that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with lower left than right frontal brain activity (asymmetry), a pattern appearing stronger in women than men, and when elicited during emotionally-relevant paradigms versus an uncontrolled resting state. However, it is unclear whether this asymmetry pattern generalizes to the common presentation of MDD with co-occurring anxiety. Moreover, asymmetry may differ for anxiety subtypes, wherein anxious apprehension (AnxApp: worry characteristic of generalized anxiety disorder) appears left-lateralized, but anxious arousal (AnxAro: panic characteristic of social anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and panic disorders) may be right-lateralized. METHODS This analysis attempted to replicate frontal EEG asymmetry patterns using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Participants completed clinical interviews and a monetary incentive delay (MID) task during fMRI recording. We compared five groups of right-handed women from the Tulsa 1000 study, MDD (n=40), MDD-AnxApp (n=26), MDD-AnxAro (n=34), MDD-Both (with AnxApp and AnxAro; n=26), and healthy controls (CTL; n=24), as a function of MID anticipation condition (no win/loss, win, loss) and hemisphere on frontal blood oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal. RESULTS CTL exhibited higher bilateral superior, middle, and inferior middle frontal gyrus BOLD signal than the four MDD groups for high arousal (win and loss) conditions. However, frontal attenuations were unrelated to current depression/anxiety symptoms, suggestive of a trait as opposed to a state marker. LIMITATIONS This was a cross-sectional analysis restricted to women. CONCLUSIONS Reduced prefrontal cortex recruitment during processing of both positively and negatively valenced stimuli is consistent with the emotion context insensitivity theory of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Stewart
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA,Department of Community Medicine, Oxley Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA,Corresponding author: Jennifer L. Stewart, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136; phone: (918) 502-5106;
| | - Evan J. White
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
| | - Rayus Kuplicki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
| | - Elisabeth Akeman
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
| | - T1000 Investigators
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
| | - Martin P. Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA,Department of Community Medicine, Oxley Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Robin L. Aupperle
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA,Department of Community Medicine, Oxley Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Sahib S Khalsa
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
| | - Jonathan B Savitz
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
| | - Teresa A Victor
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
| | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA; Department of Community Medicine, Oxley Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA
| | - Robin L Aupperle
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA; Department of Community Medicine, Oxley Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA
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Trambaiolli LR, Biazoli CE. Resting-state global EEG connectivity predicts depression and anxiety severity. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2020:3707-3710. [PMID: 33018806 DOI: 10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
There is a recent interest in finding neurophysiological biomarkers which will facilitate the diagnosis and understanding of the neural basis of different psychiatric disorders. In this paper, we evaluated the resting-state global EEG connectivity as a potential biomarker for depressive and anxiety symptoms. For this, we evaluated a population of 119 subjects, including 75 healthy subjects and 44 patients with major depressive disorder. We calculated the global connectivity (spectral coherence) in a setup of 60 EEG channels, for six different spectral bands: theta, alpha1, alpha2, beta1, beta2, and gamma. These global connectivity scores were used to train a Support Vector Regressor to predict symptoms measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI). Experiments showed a significant prediction of both symptoms, with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 8.07±6.98 and 11.52±8.7 points, respectively. Among the most discriminating features, the global connectivity in the alpha2 band (10.0-12.0Hz) presented significantly positive Spearman's correlation with the depressive (rho = 0.32, pFDR <0.01), and the anxiety symptoms (rho = 0.26, pFDR<0.01).Clinical relevance-This study demonstrates that EEG global connectivity can be used to predict depression and anxiety symptoms measured by widely used questionnaires.
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Intergenerational Transmission of Frontal Alpha Asymmetry Among Mother-Infant Dyads. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2020; 5:420-428. [PMID: 32107166 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) is a well-established neurobiological indicator of depression risk. Reduced FAA relates to current and remitted depression in adults and is seen in offspring of mothers with depression as young as 3 months of age, suggesting a potentially transmittable mechanism of depression risk. It is unclear, however, whether direct familial associations exist for FAA. To address this gap, we evaluated the intergenerational transmission of FAA in a nonclinical cohort of mother-infant dyads. METHODS Mothers and their 12-month-old infants (n = 34 dyads) completed parallel resting-state tasks while electroencephalography was recorded. We measured FAA across a range of putative frequency bands and calculated its reliability in mothers and infants. Finally, we evaluated the heritability of FAA based on the parent-offspring correlation. RESULTS Mother and infant FAA convergence was strongest in the high alpha range for mothers (11-13 Hz) and broad alpha range for infants (6-9 Hz). Mother high FAA exhibited excellent split-half reliability (rSB = .99) and internal consistency after 80 seconds (α = .90); infant FAA exhibited good split-half reliability (rSB = .81) and fair internal consistency after 70 seconds (α = .74). Mother-infant FAA were moderately correlated (r = .41), which indicates narrow-sense heritability of up to 82%. CONCLUSIONS FAA can be assessed reliably and relatively quickly in both adults and infants. There is a robust association of FAA between mothers and their infants, supporting intergenerational transmission. This finding is consistent with the possibility that reduced FAA may directly confer depression risk at the individual-family level.
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Kawe TNJ, Shadli SM, McNaughton N. Higuchi's fractal dimension, but not frontal or posterior alpha asymmetry, predicts PID-5 anxiousness more than depressivity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19666. [PMID: 31873184 PMCID: PMC6928148 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56229-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a major cause of health disability. EEG measures may provide one or more economical biomarkers for the diagnosis of depression. Here we compared frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA), posterior alpha asymmetry (PAA), and Higuchi's fractal dimension (HFD) for their capacity to predict PID-5 depressivity and for the specificity of these predictions relative to PID-5 anxiousness. University students provided 8 or 10 minutes of resting EEG and PID-5 depressivity and PID-5 anxiousness questionnaire scores. FAA and PAA had no significant correlations with the measures at any electrode pair. There were distinct frontal and posterior factors underlying HFD that correlated significantly with anxiousness and with each other. Posterior HFD also correlated significantly with depressivity, though this was weaker than the correlation with anxiousness. The portion of depressivity variance accounted for by posterior HFD was not unique but shared with anxiousness. Inclusion of anxiety disorder patients into the sample rendered the frontal factor somewhat more predictive than the posterior one but generally strengthened the prior conclusions. Contrary to our predictions, none of our measures specifically predicted depressivity. Previous reports of links with depression may involve confounds with concurrent anxiety. Indeed, HFD may be a better measure of anxiety than depression; and its previous linkage to depression may be due to a confound between the two, given the high incidence of depression in cases of severe anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tame N J Kawe
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Shabah M Shadli
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Neil McNaughton
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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van der Vinne N, Vollebregt MA, van Putten MJAM, Arns M. Stability of frontal alpha asymmetry in depressed patients during antidepressant treatment. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 24:102056. [PMID: 31795035 PMCID: PMC6883336 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) is moderately stable over time. Antidepressant response prediction with FAA remains consistent, even after 8 weeks of treatment. FAA is a differential predictor of antidepressant response robust to state and drug effects.
Introduction Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) is a proposed prognostic biomarker in major depressive disorder (MDD), conventionally acquired with electroencephalography (EEG). Although small studies attributed trait-like properties to FAA, a larger sample is needed to reliably asses this characteristic. Furthermore, to use FAA to predict treatment response, determining its stability, including the potential dependency on depressive state or medication, is essential. Methods In the international Study to Predict Optimized Treatment in Depression (iSPOT-D), a multi-center, randomized, prospective open-label trial, 1008 MDD participants were randomized to treatment with escitalopram, sertraline or venlafaxine-extended release. Treatment response was established eight weeks after treatment initiation and resting state EEG was measured both at baseline and after eight weeks (n = 453). Results FAA did not change significantly after eight weeks of treatment (n = 453, p = .234), nor did we find associations with age, sex, depression severity, or change in depression severity. After randomizing females to escitalopram or sertraline, for whom treatment response could be predicted in an earlier study, FAA after eight weeks resulted in equivalent response prediction as baseline FAA (one tailed p = .028). Conclusion We demonstrate that FAA is a stable trait, robust to time, state and pharmacological status. This confirms FAA stability. Furthermore, as prediction of treatment response is irrespective of moment of measurement and use of medication, FAA can be used as a state-invariant prognostic biomarker with promise to optimize MDD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita van der Vinne
- Research Institute Brainclinics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Synaeda Psycho Medisch Centrum, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Madelon A Vollebregt
- Research Institute Brainclinics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel J A M van Putten
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and Neurology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Arns
- Research Institute Brainclinics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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24
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Jung W, Jang KI, Lee SH. Heart and Brain Interaction of Psychiatric Illness: A Review Focused on Heart Rate Variability, Cognitive Function, and Quantitative Electroencephalography. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 17:459-474. [PMID: 31671483 PMCID: PMC6852682 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2019.17.4.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects beat-to-beat variability in the heart rate due to the dynamic interplay of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. HRV is considered an index of the functional status of the autonomic nervous system. A decrease in HRV is thus observed in individuals with autonomic dysfunction. Abnormal HRV has been reported in a range of mental disorders. In this review, we give an overview of HRV in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), one of whose core symptoms is cognitive dysfunction. The association between HRV and cognitive function is highlighted in this review. This review consists of three main sections. In the first section, we examine how HRV in patients with MDD, schizophrenia, and PTSD is characterized, and how it is different when compared to that in healthy controls. In the second section, beyond the heart itself, we discuss the intimate connection between the heart and the brain, focusing on how HRV interacts with quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) in the context of physiological changes in the sleep cycle. Lastly, we finish the review with the examination of the association between HRV and cognitive function. The overall findings indicate that the reduction in HRV is one of main manifestations in MDD, schizophrenia, and PTSD, and also more generally HRV is closely linked to the change in qEEG and also to individual differences in cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wookyoung Jung
- Department of Psychology, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kuk-In Jang
- 2Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea.,Institute of Biomedical Industry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Department of Psychiatry,Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea.,Clinical Emotion and Cognition Research Laboratory, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
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25
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Depression biomarkers using non-invasive EEG: A review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 105:83-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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26
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Thériault RK, Perreault ML. Hormonal regulation of circuit function: sex, systems and depression. Biol Sex Differ 2019; 10:12. [PMID: 30819248 PMCID: PMC6394099 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-019-0226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating chronic illness that is two times more prevalent in women than in men. The mechanisms associated with the increased female susceptibility to depression remain poorly characterized. Aberrant neuronal oscillatory activity within the putative depression network is an emerging mechanism underlying MDD. However, innate sex differences in network activity and its contribution to depression vulnerability have not been well described. In this review, current evidence of sex differences in neuronal oscillatory activity, including the influence of sex hormones and female cycling, will first be described followed by evidence of disrupted neuronal circuit function in MDD and the effects of antidepressant treatment. Lastly, current knowledge of sex differences in MDD-associated aberrant circuit function and oscillatory activity will be highlighted, with an emphasis on the role of sex steroids and female cycling. Collectively, it is clear that there are significant gaps in the literature regarding innate and pathologically associated sex differences in network activity and that the elucidation of these differences is invaluable to our understanding of sex-specific vulnerabilities and therapies for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel-Karson Thériault
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph (ON), 50 Stone Rd. E, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada
- Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph (ON), Guelph, Canada
| | - Melissa L. Perreault
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph (ON), 50 Stone Rd. E, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada
- Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph (ON), Guelph, Canada
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27
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Resting frontal EEG asymmetry in adolescents with major depression: Impact of disease state and comorbid anxiety disorder. Clin Neurophysiol 2018; 129:2577-2585. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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28
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Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the states of high and low social power (the ability to control or influence another's thoughts, feelings, or behaviours) are related to left and right frontal hemisphere activity, respectively, suggesting a connection with two neurobiological motivational systems-the Behavioural Activation and Inhibition Systems. However, an important and outstanding question is which state of social power is associated with differences in hemispheric activity. In the current study, we addressed this outstanding issue by examining differences in frontal alpha asymmetry while participants engaged in an established episodic recall task, priming states of high, low, or neutral social power. Our results showed that it was the low social power state that was associated with hemispheric differences; that is, the low social power state was associated with significantly less left-frontal cortical activity relative to both the high and neutral social power states, while the latter two states did not differ. We discuss our results considering previous work on social power and the notion that different social power states are associated with different cognitive and behavioural tendencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Michael Galang
- a Social Brain, Body and Action Lab, Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
| | - Sukhvinder S Obhi
- a Social Brain, Body and Action Lab, Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
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29
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Allen JJB, Keune PM, Schönenberg M, Nusslock R. Frontal EEG alpha asymmetry and emotion: From neural underpinnings and methodological considerations to psychopathology and social cognition. Psychophysiology 2018; 55. [PMID: 29243266 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John J B Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Philipp M Keune
- Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH, Department of Neurology, Bayreuth, Germany.,Department of Physiological Psychology, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
| | - Michael Schönenberg
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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30
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Resting frontal brain asymmetry is linked to future depressive symptoms in women. Biol Psychol 2018; 136:161-167. [PMID: 29920297 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This longitudinal pilot study examined whether baseline resting frontal electroencephalographic (EEG) asymmetry correlates with depressive symptoms during the most impaired two-week period in the following year. Current-source-density (CSD) transformed resting frontal EEG asymmetry, severity of depression symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory - II), and stress (indexed by negative life events; NLE) were recorded in never-depressed young adults with no current DSM-IV diagnosis (38 women, 16 men) at baseline. One year later, depression symptoms and NLEs experienced during the interim were assessed. Individuals who reported greater interim NLEs also endorsed interim higher depression symptoms, a pattern that replicated when first accounting for baseline stress and depression. For women, higher depression reported at follow-up was linked to lower left than right frontal EEG activity at baseline, a pattern that replicated when first accounting for depressive symptoms at baseline. Despite the modest sample size of the present analysis, findings are consistent with prior reports of sex differences in patterns of brain laterality and support the idea that CSD-referenced EEG asymmetry may be a risk marker for future depression in previously healthy young women.
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