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Monaco D, Lacalandra GM, Ansar Z, Trerotoli P, Mulligan BP, Osman TK. The Effect of Cushioned Centrifugation, with and without Enzymatic Reduction of Viscosity, on the Motility Pattern and Kinematic Parameters of Dromedary Camel Bull Spermatozoa. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2685. [PMID: 37684949 PMCID: PMC10487258 DOI: 10.3390/ani13172685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to contribute to the development of semen processing procedures in camelids, the aims of the present study were to evaluate (i) the effect of 35% seminal plasma incubation on dromedary camel epididymal sperm motility and kinematic parameters, (ii) the effects of centrifugation, with cushion fluid and enzymatic reduction of viscosity (Papain + E64) during ejaculate processing, on the motility and kinematic parameters of dromedary camel ejaculates. The incubation with seminal plasma significantly reduced the percentage of progressively motile spermatozoa as well as the proportion of medium progressive spermatozoa whilst increasing the percentage of non-progressive spermatozoa. The centrifugation procedure improved the sperms' kinematic parameters, and the highest values were observed for samples centrifugated with cushion fluid. The samples treated with Papain + E64 showed a significant increase in both total and medium progressive spermatozoa, along with a reduction of non-progressive spermatozoa (p < 0.05). The results of this investigation show that a simple, cheap, and effective procedure, such as cushioned centrifugation, could improve the motility patterns of dromedary camel spermatozoa; in combination with enzymatic reduction of viscosity, this method leads to the best results in terms of recovery rates and sperms' kinematic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Monaco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Valenzano (BA), Italy
| | | | - Zeeshan Ansar
- Department of Advanced Biotechnology and Research, Salam Veterinary Group, Buraydah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paolo Trerotoli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Taher Kamal Osman
- Department of Advanced Biotechnology and Research, Salam Veterinary Group, Buraydah 51911, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Zhao J, Yang PC, Yang H, Wang ZB, El-Samahy M, Wang F, Zhang YL. Dietary supplementation with metformin improves testis function and semen quality and increases antioxidants and autophagy capacity in goats. Theriogenology 2022; 188:79-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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3
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Morrell JM, Karlsson Warring S, Norrestam E, Malo C, Huanca W. Non-enzymatic extraction of spermatozoa from alpaca ejaculates by pipetting followed by colloid centrifugation. Livest Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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Morrell JM, Abraham MC. Semen Handling in South American Camelids: State of the Art. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:586858. [PMID: 33240960 PMCID: PMC7677228 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.586858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive biotechnologies such as artificial insemination could be very useful for South American camelids, allowing widespread use of semen from breeding males with desirable genetics. However, artificial insemination is not widely employed in these species and is considered to have low overall efficiency. This is due in part to incomplete knowledge about the physiology of conception in these species, and also to challenges presented by semen collection and handling. Several recent reviews have centered on female camelid reproduction; therefore, in this review, the focus is on semen handling. Various semen collection methods are presented. Different methods of reducing seminal viscosity are compared, such as needling, enzyme treatment, and colloid centrifugation. Use of enzymes remains controversial because of widely differing results among research groups. Colloid centrifugation, particularly single layer centrifugation, has proved to be successful in facilitating development of sperm handling techniques in dromedary camels, and has also been used with llama semen. Therefore, protocols for colloid centrifugation of alpaca semen could be developed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane M Morrell
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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5
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Bertuzzi ML, Fumuso FG, Giuliano SM, Miragaya MH, Gallelli MF, Carretero MI. New protocol to separate llama sperm without enzymatic treatment using Androcoll-E ™. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:1154-1162. [PMID: 32594592 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to design a protocol to separate spermatozoa from seminal plasma of raw llama semen without prior enzymatic treatment using a single-layer centrifugation with Androcoll-E™ (AE). Two experiments were performed: (a) samples were divided into three aliquots (1 ml) that were deposited on the top of 4, 5 or 6 ml of AE and were centrifuged at 800g for 20 min and (b) samples were divided into two aliquots (1 ml) that were deposited on the top of 4 ml of AE and were centrifuged at 600g or 1,000g for 20 min. Columns of 5 and 6 ml of AE showed a total sperm motility (TM) significantly lower, while in the 4 ml column, this parameter was not different from the TM of samples before the AE treatment. The percentage of spermatozoa with intact and functional membranes, normal morphology and intact acrosomes, as well as the percentages of sperm with highly condensed chromatin, was conserved (p ˃ .05) in the three column heights and in the two centrifugation speeds evaluated. In conclusion, the different column heights of AE (4, 5 and 6 ml) and the different centrifugation speeds used (600, 800 and 1,000g) allow separating spermatozoa of raw llama semen without enzymatic treatment, preserving the evaluated sperm characteristics. However, of all the studied treatments, centrifugation in the 4 ml column of AE at 800g would be the method of choice to process raw llama semen samples destined for reproductive biotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana L Bertuzzi
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Cátedra de Teriogenología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernanda G Fumuso
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Cátedra de Teriogenología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana M Giuliano
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo H Miragaya
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Cátedra de Teriogenología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F Gallelli
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Cátedra de Teriogenología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María I Carretero
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Cátedra de Teriogenología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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6
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Malo C, Crichton EG, Skidmore JA. Preservation of the spermatozoa of the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) by chilling and freezing: The effects of cooling time, extender composition and catalase supplementation. Theriogenology 2020; 153:9-18. [PMID: 32416545 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to determine the characteristics of dromedary camel sperm following 24 h chilling and cryopreservation, testing two different buffers and cryoprotectants and the presence of catalase (500 IU/mL). Ejaculates were liquefied in Tris-Citric acid-Fructose buffer, and centrifuged through a colloid. For Experiment 1 (n = 5) sperm were cooled 24 h in Green Buffer or INRA-96® containing 0 or 3% glycerol or ethylene glycol. Experiment 2 (n = 5) used the same six treatments to evaluate sperm cryopreserved after 24 h cooling. A test of fertility was run (n = 12 recipients) with split ejaculates of fresh semen cooled 24 h in Green Buffer with and without glycerol. Experiment 3 (n = 7) cryopreserved sperm cooled 2 and 24 h in Green Buffer without cryoprotectant and with and without catalase. Sperm parameters measured before and after treatments included motility, viability and acrosome integrity. Experiment 1 showed no reduction in all sperm parameters after 24 h and no differences between buffers or presence or not of either cryoprotectant. Experiment 2 showed Green Buffer to be better than INRA for supporting sperm frozen after 24 h cooling while, for both buffers, there were few differences in sperm parameters if cryoprotectant was present or absent. Pregnancies were confirmed in 4/6 animals (67%) while no recipients receiving sperm chilled with glycerol were pregnant. In Experiment 3, catalase-supplemented sperm had maintained better motility 2 h post thaw; there were no differences between 2 or 24 h cooled sperm parameters for presence or absence of catalase. There was neither advantage nor disadvantage to coooling sperm 24 h prior to cryopreservation. We concluded that dromedary sperm can be chilled (24 h) and then either inseminated or cryopreserved. While glycerol presence in Green Buffer during chilling did not interfere with cryosurvival it may be toxic to the fertility of fresh chilled sperm. Catalase supplementation during cooling helps maintain sperm motility post thaw.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Malo
- Camel Reproduction Centre, PO Box, 79914, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | - E G Crichton
- Camel Reproduction Centre, PO Box, 79914, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - J A Skidmore
- Camel Reproduction Centre, PO Box, 79914, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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7
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Szlendak J, Adler C, Scherzer J, Niwinska A, Kautz E, Faundez R. Does single-layer centrifugation with Bovicoll improve sperm quality of frozen-thawed semen in Fleckvieh bulls? Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:691-700. [PMID: 32133677 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of sperm selection by single-layer centrifugation (SLC) performed before freezing on sperm quality after thawing of Fleckvieh bull semen. Ejaculates from 22 bulls were collected by artificial vagina and divided into two aliquots. One aliquot (control sample) was diluted with Steridyl® and frozen over nitrogen vapour in a Digitcool freezer (IMV Technologies). Sperm from the second aliquot (SLC sample) was selected using the SLC technique with Bovicoll colloid and then frozen over nitrogen vapour in a Digitcool freezer. After thawing, both samples (control and SLC) were evaluated by computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA; SCA 6.4 System; Microptic S.L) for sperm motility parameters. Integrity of the plasma membrane (viability), high mitochondrial membrane potential (HMMP) and acrosome integrity were assessed using a Guava® easyCyte flow cytometer (IMV Technologies). Morphological examination of spermatozoa was performed by Differential Interference Contrast microscopy (Leica DMi8). Morphological examination of live, immobilized spermatozoa was analysed under high magnification (≥6,600×). After thawing, the mean sperm viability of the control sample was 51.57%, compared to 40.37% for the SLC sample (p < .01). HMMP was higher (p < .01) in the control sample (40.37% versus 28.96%), and the mean of live spermatozoa with damaged acrosome was significantly higher (p < .03) in the SLC sample (1.63% versus 1.95%). The mean percentage of motile spermatozoa was 80.17% in the control sample, compared to 75.14% in the SLC sample (p < .0195), and rapid subpopulation reduced from 20.08% to 8.99% (p < .0001) after SLC. Percentage of hyperactivated sperm decreased from 12.23% to 4.28% (p < .0001) after SLC. Given the overall results, the sperm quality of thawed Fleckvieh bull semen was not improved when sperm were selected by SLC before freezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szlendak
- Department of Large Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences WULS - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland.,Bayern-Genetik GmbH, Kumhausen, Germany
| | | | | | - Anna Niwinska
- Department of Large Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences WULS - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Kautz
- Department of Large Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences WULS - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ricardo Faundez
- Department of Large Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences WULS - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
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8
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Abdel-Aziz Swelum A, M. Saadeldin I, Ba-Awadh H, G. Al-Mutary M, F. Moumen A, N. Alowaimer A, Abdalla H. Efficiency of Commercial Egg Yolk-Free and Egg Yolk-Supplemented Tris-Based Extenders for Dromedary Camel Semen Cryopreservation. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9110999. [PMID: 31752406 PMCID: PMC6912343 DOI: 10.3390/ani9110999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study compared the efficiency of commercial egg yolk-free (AndroMed, OPTIXcell) and egg yolk-supplemented (Triladyl, Steridyl) Tris-based extenders for semen cryopreservation in dromedary camels. The camel-specific extender SHOTOR was used for reference. SHOTOR, Triladyl, Steridyl, AndroMed, and OPTIXcell can all be used for camel semen cryopreservation; however, SHOTOR and Triladyl provide the best post-thawing sperm quality. Abstract This study compared the efficiency of commercial egg yolk-free (AndroMed, OPTIXcell) and egg yolk-supplemented (Triladyl, Steridyl) Tris-based extenders for semen cryopreservation in seven adult dromedary camels. The camel-specific extender SHOTOR was used as control. The collected semen samples were evaluated and diluted with SHOTOR, Triladyl, Steridyl, AndroMed, or OPTIXcell. The diluted semen was gradually cooled and equilibrated for two hours before liquid nitrogen freezing. Semen was evaluated prior to freezing and after freeze-thawing cycles for motility, kinetics, vitality, abnormality, plasma membrane integrity, and DNA fragmentation using computer-assisted sperm analysis. In pre-freezing evaluation, progressive sperm motility was higher in SHOTOR-diluted samples (21.54 ± 1.83) than in samples diluted with Steridyl, OPTIXcell, or AndroMed (15.76 ± 1.80, 17.43 ± 1.10, and 13.27 ± 1.07, respectively). Moreover, Triladyl and SHOTOR resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) better sperm vitality and DNA integrity than all other diluents, but Triladyl resulted in a significantly (p < 0.05) better plasma membrane integrity (87.77 ± 0.31) than SHOTOR (85.48 ± 0.58). In the post-thawing evaluation, Triladyl led to significantly (p < 0.05) higher sperm motility (38.63 ± 0.81%; p < 0.05) when compared to SHOTOR, Steridyl or AndroMed (35.09 ± 1.341%, 34.4 ± 0.84%, and 31.99 ± 1.48%, respectively), with OPTIXcell being the least efficient (28.39 ± 0.86%). Progressive sperm motility was the highest when using Triladyl. Post-thawing curvilinear, straight line and average path sperm velocities were highest with Triladyl and lowest with AndroMed. Triladyl led to the highest linearity coefficient and straightness sperm coefficient, while SHOTOR to the highest DNA and plasma membrane integrity. OPTIXcell and AndroMed resulted in poor post-thawing sperm vitality, while Steridyl was less efficient than Triladyl. The highest rate of sperm abnormalities was recorded with OPTIXcell and the lowest with SHOTOR or Triladyl. In conclusion, SHOTOR, Triladyl, Steridyl, AndroMed, and OPTIXcell can all be used for camel semen cryopreservation; however, SHOTOR and Triladyl provided the best post-thawing sperm quality. Based on our findings, Triladyl is the best commercially available extender for dromedary camel semen cryopreservation to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Abdel-Aziz Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (I.M.S.); (H.B.-A.); (A.F.M.); (A.N.A.)
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt;
- Correspondence:
| | - Islam M. Saadeldin
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (I.M.S.); (H.B.-A.); (A.F.M.); (A.N.A.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hani Ba-Awadh
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (I.M.S.); (H.B.-A.); (A.F.M.); (A.N.A.)
| | - Mohsen G. Al-Mutary
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Education, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah F. Moumen
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (I.M.S.); (H.B.-A.); (A.F.M.); (A.N.A.)
| | - Abdullah N. Alowaimer
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (I.M.S.); (H.B.-A.); (A.F.M.); (A.N.A.)
| | - Hany Abdalla
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt;
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9
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Lin HL, Chen YH, Lin DY, Lai YY, Wu MC, Chen LR. Silica-based colloid centrifugation enhances sperm quality in cockerel semen. Br Poult Sci 2019; 61:86-91. [PMID: 31542943 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2019.1671959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
1. PercollTM is one of the most widely used colloid for animal sperm preparation. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether PercollTM colloid centrifugation could be practical to improve cockerel sperm quality, and to compare the effects of PercollTM single layer centrifugation (SLC) and density gradient centrifugation (DGC) in order to obtain the most optimal protocol for cockerel semen.2. In the experiment with PercollTM SLC for fresh semen, an increase of motile sperm was seen after PercollTM 80% SLC and 90% SLC was conducted, at levels of 28.8% and 30.2% respectively (P < 0.01). The increase of progressively motile sperm after PercollTM 80% SLC and 90% SLC was 177.2% and 202.4% respectively (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, for semen stored at 4°C for 24 h, the increase of motile sperm after PercollTM 70% SLC and 80% SLC was 41.2% and 44.0% (P < 0.01), and the increase of progressive sperm after PercollTM 70% SLC and 80% SLC was 71.3% and 83.1% respectively (P < 0.01). Both the percentage of motile sperm and progressive sperm of the fresh and stored cockerel semen after appropriate PercollTM SLC was significantly enhanced.3. Sperm membrane integrity did not show any decrease after PercollTM centrifugation compared with non-centrifuged semen, which suggested that the PercollTM centrifugation treatment in this study did not cause damage to cockerel sperm membranes.4. In the experiment regarding the comparison of PercollTM SLC and DGC with fresh semen, the increase of motile sperm after PercollTM 80% SLC, 90% SLC and 40%/80% DGC was 29.5%, 36.4%, and 25.0% respectively; and the increase of progressive sperm was 44.7%, 58.5%, and 54.7%, respectively. For semen stored at 4°C for 24 h, the increase of motile sperm after PercollTM 70% SLC, 80% SLC and 35%/70% DGC were 41.2%, 44.0%, and 26.4%; and the increase of progressive sperm was 71.3%, 83.1%, and 43.7%, respectively. There were no significant differences between the increase of sperm motility after PercollTM 80%, 90% SLC or PercollTM 40%/80% DGC in fresh cockerel semen. There was no significant difference between PercollTM 70%, 80% SLC and PercollTM 35%/70% in stored cockerel semen. There was a tendency for sperm recovery rates with PercollTM SLC to be higher than PercollTM DGC, although this did not reach statistical significance in this study.5. It was concluded that PercollTM SLC was more suitable for cockerel sperm separation than PercollTM DGC. The results suggested that PercollTM 80% SLC was the most optimal procedure to separate fresh cockerel sperm and PercollTM 70% SLC was the most optimal procedure to separate stored cockerel sperm. PercollTM SLC is more simple, user-friendly and economical and less time-consuming than DGC for cockerel semen processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Lin
- Physiology Division, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Y H Chen
- Physiology Division, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - D Y Lin
- Breeding and Genetic Division, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Y Y Lai
- Breeding and Genetic Division, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - M C Wu
- Breeding and Genetic Division, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - L R Chen
- Physiology Division, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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10
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Malo C, Grundin J, Morrell JM, Skidmore JA. Individual male dependent improvement in post-thaw dromedary camel sperm quality after addition of catalase. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 209:106168. [PMID: 31514924 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreservation is stressful to sperm cells inducing an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species and subsequently reducing post-thaw sperm quality. With the present study, there was evaluation of the protective effects of two antioxidants, epigallocatechin (1 mM) and catalase (500 IU/ml), added at thawing, as well as inter-individual variation on quality of cryopreserved dromedary camel spermatozoa. Semen was collected from six males and sperm, selected using single layer centrifugation, were cryopreserved. Post-thaw sperm quality was evaluated by assessing motility variables, viability and acrosome integrity then sperm were co-incubated with or without antioxidant (control) and further assessed at 1.5 and 3 h of the incubation period. Oxidative damage was measured colorimetrically for malondialdehyde production at 3 h of the incubation period. With the use of epigallocatechin there were not promising results, however, with use of catalase there were greater total and progressive motility, and values for some kinematic variables (P<0.05) at both incubation time points, although there were some differences among males. There was no overall effect of antioxidant based on production of malonaldehyde. The capacity of thawed sperm to fertilize, with and without addition of catalase at thawing, was studied using artificial insemination (n = 10 per treatment) with no differences between treatments (10% for both). It is concluded that catalase supplementations to semen extender prolong sperm survival, however, there is no improvement of in vivo fertilization as a result of this supplementation. There was an obvious male effect, necessitating further studies to understand the mechanisms of action of catalase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Malo
- Camel Reproduction Center, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Johanna Grundin
- Clinical Sciences/Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jane M Morrell
- Clinical Sciences/Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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11
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Skidmore JA. The use of some assisted reproductive technologies in old world camelids. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 207:138-145. [PMID: 31208849 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of camels for racing, milking and as show animals is growing in popularity, thus there is increased enthusiasm to breed more of the genetically superior animals. This review highlights recent developments in assisted reproductive techniques in camels, such as embryo transfer and artificial insemination, to ensure more rapid genetic progress. This paper discusses the difficulties involved in handling the semen due to its high viscosity and ways to reduce it. It also examines methods for short term liquid storage of fresh semen with and without the use of antioxidants to reduce oxidative stress. The widespread use of AI in camels is hindered by the lack of a reliable method for deep freezing and long term storage but various freezing protocols, cryoprotectants and freezing and thawing methods are discussed as well as different insemination techniques. Embryo transfer requires the donor to be superovulated and the recipients synchronized. This review discusses different protocols used for superovulation of donor animals and the problems involved. It also examines various methods to synchronize recipients, or how to make best use of non-synchronized or non ovulated recipients. Cryopreservation of embryos would greatly improve the wider use of ET and spread of genetics worldwide so methods for slow cooling and new methods of vitrification with promising results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian A Skidmore
- Camel Reproduction Centre, P.O. Box 79914, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
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12
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Malo C, Elwing B, Soederstroem L, Lundeheim N, Morrell JM, Skidmore JA. Effect of different freezing rates and thawing temperatures on cryosurvival of dromedary camel spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2018; 125:43-48. [PMID: 30388470 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different freezing rates and thawing temperatures on the post-thaw quality of camel spermatozoa. Ten ejaculates from five male camels were frozen at five different freezing rates, achieved by placing the straws at specific heights above the surface of liquid nitrogen for different lengths of time (4 cm for 15 min; 1 cm for 15 min; 7 cm for 15 min; 7 cm for 5 min + 4 cm for 3 min; 4 cm for 5 min + 1 cm for 3 min) followed by storage in liquid nitrogen. Two thawing temperatures (37° for 30 s and 60 °C for 10 s) were subsequently tested. Post-thawing, the samples were evaluated for total and progressive motility, kinematics, membrane and acrosome integrity, and membrane functionality (hypoosmotic swelling test) at zero and 1 h post thawing. Total and progressive motility were significantly higher for the fastest freezing rate (at 1 cm) at 0 h (p < 0.01 for both), as were VCL (p < 0.01), VSL (p < 0.05) and STR (p < 0.05). Freezing at 4 cm produced the lowest values of STR compared to other treatments (p < 0.05). At 1 h, no differences in total motility were observed between freezing at 4 cm and 1 cm, both being significantly better than freezing rate 7 cm + 4 cm (p < 0.01). For progressive motility and VSL, only freezing at 1 cm was superior to the 7 cm + 4 cm combination (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05 respectively). Membrane integrity at 1 h was higher for freezing at 7 cm than at 1 cm (p < 0.01). For thawing temperatures, total motility and progressive motility at 0 h and 1 h (p < 0.001), and acrosome integrity at 1 h (p < 0.01) were higher for 60 °C thawing temperature than 37 °C. The kinematics VCL (p < 0.001), VSL and STR (p < 0.01), and VAP (p < 0.05) showed higher values for 60 °C thawing temperature than 37 °C at 0 h. After 1 h, higher values for VSL, VCL and VAP (p < 0.05) were observed for 60 °C than for 37 °C. In conclusion, a fast freezing rate would probably be beneficial for camel semen, and thawing should be conducted at 60 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Malo
- Camel Reproduction Center, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Bodil Elwing
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7054, SE, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Linn Soederstroem
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7054, SE, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nils Lundeheim
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7054, SE, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jane M Morrell
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7054, SE, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
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Cai Z, An J, Liu Y, Yie S, Zhang Y, Li F, Chen J, Wang X, Morrell J, Hou R. Single layer centrifugation improves the quality of frozen-thawed sperm of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 195:58-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Skidmore JA, Malo CM, Crichton EG, Morrell JM, Pukazhenthi BS. An update on semen collection, preservation and artificial insemination in the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius). Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 194:11-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Malo C, Crichton EG, Morrell JM, Pukazhenthi BS, Johannisson A, Splan R, Skidmore JA. Colloid centrifugation of fresh semen improves post-thaw quality of cryopreserved dromedary camel spermatozoa. Anim Reprod Sci 2018. [PMID: 29525206 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Colloids have been successfully used in a number of species to improve sperm populations for IVF and for cryopreservation The usefulness of Single Layer Centrifugation (SLC) for freezing dromedary camel spermatozoa in two different extenders was evaluated by examining the motility, viability, acrosome status, DNA integrity, and ability of cryopreserved sperm to penetrate oocytes in vitro in a heterologus IVF system. Two ejaculates from each of five males were divided into four aliquots: two were processed by SLC (selected) while two were centrifuged without colloid (control). Pellets were cryopreserved in Green Buffer or INRA-96® containing 3% glycerol and evaluated at 0 and 1 h post thawed. The SLC improved post-thaw total and progressive motility at 0 (both P < 0.0001) and 1 (P < 0.001; P < 0.01, respectively) h, and STR (both P < 0.05) and BCF (both P < 0.001) at 0 h. Sperm viability and acrosome integrity (both P < 0.001) were improved at both time points. Sperm frozen in Green Buffer had greater total and progressive motilities at 0 (both P < 0.001) and 1 (both P < 0.001) h than INRA-96® samples. Spermatozoa in Green Buffer also had a greater VAP, VCL and VSL at 0 h and improved viability and acrosome integrity at 0 h (P < 0.05; P = 0.001, respectively) and 1 h (P < 0.05; P < 0.001, respectively). Viability of SLC spermatozoa was improved in Green Buffer at 1 h (P < 0.05). Oocyte penetration (P < 0.05) and pronuclear formation (P < 0.01) were greater with SLC-selected spermatozoa than non-selected spermatozoa, regardless of extender. No difference was observed between treatments or extenders in the mean number of spermatozoa per oocyte penetrated. The SLC spermatozoa had less (P < 0.01) DNA fragmentation compared to controls. The DNA fragmentation was moderately and negatively correlated with penetration (r = -0.4162; P = 0.02) and pronuclear formation (r = -0.3390; P < 0.01). In conclusion, colloid centrifugation of spermatozoa and cryopreservation in Green Buffer improves post thaw motility variables and IVF performance of dromedary camel spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Malo
- Camel Reproduction Center, P.O. Box 79914, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | - Jane M Morrell
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7054, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Budhan S Pukazhenthi
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA
| | - Anders Johannisson
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7054, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Splan
- Department of Animal Science, Sul Ross State University, Alpine, TX 79832, USA
| | - Julian A Skidmore
- Camel Reproduction Center, P.O. Box 79914, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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