1
|
Robic J, Lata W, Nkengne A, Bigouret A, Vie K. The impact of air pollution on the facial skin of Caucasian women using real-life pollutant exposure measurements. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13669. [PMID: 38965805 PMCID: PMC11224121 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, studies examining the effect of air pollution on skin characteristics have relied on regional pollution estimates obtained from fixed monitoring sites. Hence, there remains a need to characterize the impact of air pollution in vivo in real-time conditions. We conducted an initial investigation under real-life conditions, with the purpose of characterizing the in vivo impact of various pollutants on the facial skin condition of women living in Paris over a 6-month period. MATERIALS AND METHODS A smartphone application linked to the Breezometer platform was used to collect participants' individual exposures to pollutants through the recovery of global positioning system (GPS) data over a 6-month period. Daily exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 µm and PM 10 µm), pollen, and air quality was measured. Facial skin color, roughness, pore, hydration, elasticity, and wrinkle measurements were taken at the end of the 6-month period. Participants' cumulated pollutant exposure over 6 months was calculated. Data were stratified into two groups (lower vs. higher pollutant exposure) for each pollutant. RESULTS 156 women (20-60 years-old) were recruited, with 124 women completing the study. Higher PM 2.5 µm exposure was associated with altered skin color and increased roughness under the eye. Higher PM 10 µm exposure with increased wrinkles and roughness under the eye, increased pore appearance, and decreased skin hydration. Exposure to poorer air quality was linked with increased forehead wrinkles and decreased skin elasticity, while higher pollen exposure increased skin roughness and crow's feet. CONCLUSION This study suggests a potential correlation between air pollution and facial skin in real-life conditions. Prolonged exposure to PM, gases, and pollen may be linked to clinical signs of skin ageing. This study highlights the importance of longer monitoring over time in real conditions to characterize the effect of pollution on the skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Robic
- Department of Recherche et EvaluationLaboratoires CLARINSPontoiseFrance
| | - Warren Lata
- Department of Recherche et EvaluationLaboratoires CLARINSPontoiseFrance
| | - Alex Nkengne
- Department of Recherche et EvaluationLaboratoires CLARINSPontoiseFrance
| | - Armelle Bigouret
- Department of Recherche et EvaluationLaboratoires CLARINSPontoiseFrance
| | - Katell Vie
- Department of Recherche et EvaluationLaboratoires CLARINSPontoiseFrance
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bouchard KV, Costin GE. Promoting New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) for research on skin color changes in response to environmental stress factors: tobacco and air pollution. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1256399. [PMID: 37886123 PMCID: PMC10598764 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1256399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is one of the most dynamic biological processes in the human body and is known to carry significant impacts on individuals' self-esteem. Skin pigmentation is a highly heritable trait made possible by complex, strictly controlled cellular and molecular mechanisms. Genetic, environmental and endocrine factors contribute to the modulation of melanin's amount, type and distribution in the skin layers. One of the hallmarks of extrinsic skin aging induced by environmental stress factors is the alteration of the constitutive pigmentation pattern clinically defined as senile lentigines and/or melasma or other pigmentary dyschromias. The complexity of pollutants and tobacco smoke as environmental stress factors warrants a thorough understanding of the mechanisms by which they impact skin pigmentation through repeated and long-term exposure. Pre-clinical and clinical studies demonstrated that pollutants are known to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) or inflammatory events that lead directly or indirectly to skin hyperpigmentation. Another mechanistic direction is provided by Aryl hydrocarbon Receptors (AhR) which were shown to mediate processes leading to skin hyperpigmentation in response to pollutants by regulation of melanogenic enzymes and transcription factors involved in melanin biosynthesis pathway. In this context, we will discuss a diverse range of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) capable to provide mechanistic insights of the cellular and molecular pathways involved in the action of environmental stress factors on skin pigmentation and to support the design of raw ingredients and formulations intended to counter their impact and of any subsequently needed clinical studies.
Collapse
|
3
|
Yi F, Yang XX, Yang RY, Zhao MM, Dong YM, Li L, He YF, Guo MM, Li J, Zhang XH, Lu Z, Gu J, Bao JL, Meng H. A cross-sectional study of Chinese women facial skin status with environmental factors and individual lifestyles. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18110. [PMID: 36302888 PMCID: PMC9613773 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Geographical, environmental and pollution conditions affect facial skin health, but their effects on skin appearance have not been elucidated. This study aimed to describe the skin barrier and skin tone characteristics of Chinese subjects according to lifestyle and environmental conditions using in vitro measurements. In total, 1092 women aged 22-42 years were recruited from 7 representative Chinese cities. Eight skin parameters (hydration, sebum, pH, transdermal water loss, individual type angle, melanin index, erythema index, yellowness) were measured using noninvasive instruments; individual lifestyle data were also collected. Data on four meteorological factors (air temperature, relative humidity, sunshine duration, wind speed) and seven air pollution indicators (air quality index, fine particulate matter, breathable particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and ozone) were collected in each city from the China Meteorological Administration. Facial skin characteristics differed significantly between cities. Facial skin barrier characteristics and skin tones showed regional differences, with a better skin barrier associated with the western region, as indicated by high skin hydration and sebum secretion and a low pH value. According to the value of transdermal water loss, lighter and darker skin tones were found in the western and southern regions, respectively. Environmental conditions affected facial skin status. Air pollution induced facial skin issues, with fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide contributing the most. Individual lifestyles affected the facial skin barrier and skin tone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yi
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-xiao Yang
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ru-ya Yang
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng-meng Zhao
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin-mao Dong
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-fan He
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao-miao Guo
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Eviskin Cosmetics Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-hui Zhang
- Eviskin Cosmetics Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Lu
- Shanghai Inoherb Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Gu
- Shanghai Inoherb Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-lin Bao
- Shanghai Inoherb Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Meng
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|