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Kumpai P, Hamada Y, Kanthaswamy S, Malaivijitnond S. Gene flow from rhesus (Macaca mulatta) to cynomolgus macaques (M. fascicularis) and effects of introgressive hybridization on reproduction in two biomedically relevant non-human primate species. J Med Primatol 2022; 51:108-118. [PMID: 35132636 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We compared the reproductive patterns of wild Indochinese and Sundaic cynomolgus macaques (Mf) exhibiting different levels of genetic admixture with rhesus macaques (Mm). METHODS Ten adult females from each Indochinese (WHM) and Sundaic (KN/KTK) Mf populations, which exhibited 50% and 15% of Mm autosomal SNPs, were selected as focal animals. Animals were observed for 12 months, and the frequencies of sexual proceptivity, attractivity and receptivity, number of newborns, and changes in sex skin were recorded. RESULTS Both populations showed all three sexual behaviors throughout the year, but they were classified as moderately seasonal breeders because their 3-month birth counts were as high as ~50%. The fecundity of WHM was lower than the KN/KTK. Changes in sex skin of WHM were more prone to Mm's pattern than the KN/KTK. CONCLUSION The introgressive gene flow from Mm to Mf does not affect Mf's sexual behaviors; however, it can impact fecundity and physiological (sex skin) changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prangmas Kumpai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yuzuru Hamada
- National Primate Research Center of Thailand, Chulalongkorn University, Saraburi, Thailand
| | - Sree Kanthaswamy
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University West Campus, Glendale, Arizona, USA.,California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Suchinda Malaivijitnond
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,National Primate Research Center of Thailand, Chulalongkorn University, Saraburi, Thailand
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Nanno Y, Sterner E, Gildersleeve JC, Hering BJ, Burlak C. Profiling natural serum antibodies of non-human primates with a carbohydrate antigen microarray. Xenotransplantation 2019; 27:e12567. [PMID: 31762117 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engineering of α-Galactosyltransferase gene-knockout pigs circumvented hyperacute rejection of pig organs after xenotransplantation in non-human primates. Overcoming this hurdle revealed the importance of non-α-Gal carbohydrate antigens in the immunobiology of acute humoral xenograft rejection. METHODS This study analyzed serum from seven naïve cynomolgus monkeys (blood type O/B/AB = 3/2/2) for the intensity of natural IgM and IgG signals using carbohydrate antigen microarray, which included historically reported α-Gal and non-α-Gal carbohydrate antigens with various modifications. RESULTS The median (range) of IgM and IgG signals were 12.71 (7.23-16.38) and 9.05 (7.23-15.90), respectively. The highest IgM and IgG signals with narrowest distribution were from mono- and disaccharides, followed by modified structures. Natural anti-α-Gal antibody signals were medium to high in IgM (11.2-15.9) and medium in IgG (8.5-11.6) spectra, and was highest with Lac core structure (Galα1-3Galβ1-4Glc, iGb3) and lowest with LacNAc core structure (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc). Similar signal intensities (up to 15.8 in IgM and up to 11.8 in IgG) were observed for historically detected natural non-α-Gal antigens, which included Tn antigen, T antigen, GM2 glycolipid, and Sda antigen. The hierarchical clustering analysis revealed the presence of clusters of anti-A antibodies and was capable of distinguishing between the blood group B and AB non-human primates. CONCLUSIONS The results presented here provide the most comprehensive evaluation of natural antibodies present in cynomolgus monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihide Nanno
- Department of Surgery, Schulze Diabetes Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eric Sterner
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Bernhard J Hering
- Department of Surgery, Schulze Diabetes Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christopher Burlak
- Department of Surgery, Schulze Diabetes Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Kanthaswamy S, Oldt RF, Said R, Grijalva J, Falak A, Jensen A, Vizor C, Houghton P, Bunlungsup S, Malaivijitnond S, Smith DG. Partial sequence analyses of exon 7 of the ABO locus of cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis) and rhesus (M. mulatta) macaques: Indeterminate phenotypes show the presence of the O blood group. HLA 2019; 94:482-492. [PMID: 31448567 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Compatibility tests to identify A, B, and O alleles are critical for establishing suitable donor-recipient matches among experimental animals. Using a qPCR-based SNP probe assay, we have identified A, B, AB, and indeterminate blood group phenotypes in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques. We have hypothesized, albeit without molecular confirmation, that the indeterminate phenotype represents homozygosity for the null O allele at the macaque ABO locus. The indeterminate phenotype represents the unsuccessful detection of either A or B alleles using primers targeting the A-specific and B-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a variable region of exon 7 of the ABO locus. These SNPs are associated with two functional sites, detected using two allele-specific probes in the qPCR assay where the codons leucine and methionine (at codon 266) and glycine and alanine (at codon 268) are required for the synthesis of the A and B transferases, respectively. While reference sequences for the A and B alleles exhibited no novel mutations in the functional exon, plasmid Sanger sequence analyses showed unique mutations within the diagnostic target sites in 10 macaques exhibiting the indeterminate phenotype. Eight of these indeterminate individuals exhibited SNPs at codon 268 that should prevent the syntheses of an A or B transferase. While the two other indeterminate samples had functional codons that were consistent with A or B alleles, mutations in either their probe- or primer-binding sites that altered their peptide sequences probably impeded their detection by our assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreetharan Kanthaswamy
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University (ASU) at the West Campus, Glendale, Arizona.,California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Robert F Oldt
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University (ASU) at the West Campus, Glendale, Arizona.,Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Ruweida Said
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University (ASU) at the West Campus, Glendale, Arizona
| | - Jose Grijalva
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University (ASU) at the West Campus, Glendale, Arizona
| | - Asiya Falak
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University (ASU) at the West Campus, Glendale, Arizona
| | - Ashley Jensen
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University (ASU) at the West Campus, Glendale, Arizona
| | - Choice Vizor
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University (ASU) at the West Campus, Glendale, Arizona
| | | | - Srichan Bunlungsup
- National Primate Research Center of Thailand, Chulalongkorn University, Saraburi, Thailand.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suchinda Malaivijitnond
- National Primate Research Center of Thailand, Chulalongkorn University, Saraburi, Thailand.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - David G Smith
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California.,Molecular Anthropology Laboratory, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis, California
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Oldt RF, Kanthaswamy S, Montes M, Schumann L, Grijalva J, Bunlungsup S, Houghton P, Smith DG, Malaivijitnond S. Population genetics of the ABO locus within the rhesus (Macaca mulatta
) and cynomolgus (M. fascicularis
) macaque hybrid zone. Int J Immunogenet 2018; 46:38-48. [DOI: 10.1111/iji.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert F. Oldt
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Arizona State University (ASU) at the West Campus; Glendale Arizona
- Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences; ASU; Tempe Arizona
| | - Sreetharan Kanthaswamy
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Arizona State University (ASU) at the West Campus; Glendale Arizona
- California National Primate Research Center; University of California; Davis California
| | - Mae Montes
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Arizona State University (ASU) at the West Campus; Glendale Arizona
| | - Laura Schumann
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Arizona State University (ASU) at the West Campus; Glendale Arizona
| | - Jose Grijalva
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Arizona State University (ASU) at the West Campus; Glendale Arizona
| | - Srichan Bunlungsup
- National Primate Research Center of Thailand; Chulalongkorn University; Saraburi Thailand
| | | | - David Glenn Smith
- California National Primate Research Center; University of California; Davis California
- Molecular Anthropology Laboratory, Department of Anthropology; University of California; Davis California
| | - Suchinda Malaivijitnond
- National Primate Research Center of Thailand; Chulalongkorn University; Saraburi Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
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