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Coskun D. SPOTLIGHT: TaSPL6-D, a transcriptional repressor of TaHKT1;5-D in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and a novel target for improving salt tolerance in crops. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 303:154351. [PMID: 39299160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Devrim Coskun
- Département de Phytologie, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, Canada.
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Dissanayake BM, Staudinger C, Ranathunge K, Munns R, Rupasinghe TW, Taylor NL, Millar AH. Metabolic adaptations leading to an enhanced lignification in wheat roots under salinity stress. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 119:1800-1815. [PMID: 38923138 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Analysis of salinity tolerance processes in wheat has focused on salt exclusion from shoots while root phenotypes have received limited attention. Here, we consider the varying phenotypic response of four bread wheat varieties that differ in their type and degree of salt tolerance and assess their molecular responses to salinity and changes in root cell wall lignification. These varieties were Westonia introgressed with Nax1 and Nax2 root sodium transporters (HKT1;4-A and HKT1;5-A) that reduce Na+ accumulation in leaves, as well as the 'tissue tolerant' Portuguese landrace Mocho de Espiga Branca that has a mutation in the homologous gene HKT1;5-D and has high Na+ concentration in leaves. These three varieties were compared with the relatively more salt-sensitive cultivar Gladius. Through the use of root histochemical analysis, ion concentrations, as well as differential proteomics and targeted metabolomics, we provide an integrated view of the wheat root response to salinity. We show different metabolic re-arrangements in energy conversion, primary metabolic machinery and phenylpropanoid pathway leading to monolignol production in a genotype and genotype by treatment-dependent manner that alters the extent and localisation of root lignification which correlated with an improved capacity of wheat roots to cope better under salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagya M Dissanayake
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Christiana Staudinger
- Institute of Agronomy, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, BOKU, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Soil Research, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
| | - Kosala Ranathunge
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Rana Munns
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | | | - Nicolas L Taylor
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia
- Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia
- Australian Plant Phenomics Network, The University Of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia
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Wang M, Cheng J, Wu J, Chen J, Liu D, Wang C, Ma S, Guo W, Li G, Di D, Zhang Y, Han D, Kronzucker HJ, Xia G, Shi W. Variation in TaSPL6-D confers salinity tolerance in bread wheat by activating TaHKT1;5-D while preserving yield-related traits. Nat Genet 2024; 56:1257-1269. [PMID: 38802564 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01762-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Na+ exclusion from above-ground tissues via the Na+-selective transporter HKT1;5 is a major salt-tolerance mechanism in crops. Using the expression genome-wide association study and yeast-one-hybrid screening, we identified TaSPL6-D, a transcriptional suppressor of TaHKT1;5-D in bread wheat. SPL6 also targeted HKT1;5 in rice and Brachypodium. A 47-bp insertion in the first exon of TaSPL6-D resulted in a truncated peptide, TaSPL6-DIn, disrupting TaHKT1;5-D repression exhibited by TaSPL6-DDel. Overexpressing TaSPL6-DDel, but not TaSPL6-DIn, led to inhibited TaHKT1;5-D expression and increased salt sensitivity. Knockout of TaSPL6-DDel in two wheat genotypes enhanced salinity tolerance, which was attenuated by a further TaHKT1;5-D knockdown. Spike development was preserved in Taspl6-dd mutants but not in Taspl6-aabbdd mutants. TaSPL6-DIn was mainly present in landraces, and molecular-assisted introduction of TaSPL6-DIn from a landrace into a leading wheat cultivar successfully improved yield on saline soils. The SPL6-HKT1;5 module offers a target for the molecular breeding of salt-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P. R. China
| | - Jiefei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P. R. China
| | - Shengwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Guo
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Salt-Tolerant Crops, College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Guangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Dongwei Di
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Salt-Tolerant Crops, College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Dejun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P. R. China
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Guangmin Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, P. R. China
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Luo M, Chu J, Wang Y, Chang J, Zhou Y, Jiang X. A high-affinity potassium transporter (MeHKT1) from cassava (Manihot esculenta) negatively regulates the response of transgenic Arabidopsis to salt stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:372. [PMID: 38714917 PMCID: PMC11075273 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-affinity potassium transporters (HKTs) are crucial in facilitating potassium uptake by plants. Many types of HKTs confer salt tolerance to plants through regulating K+ and Na+ homeostasis under salinity stress. However, their specific functions in cassava (Manihot esculenta) remain unclear. RESULTS Herein, an HKT gene (MeHKT1) was cloned from cassava, and its expression is triggered by exposure to salt stress. The expression of a plasma membrane-bound protein functions as transporter to rescue a low potassium (K+) sensitivity of yeast mutant strain, but the complementation of MeHKT1 is inhibited by NaCl treatment. Under low K+ stress, transgenic Arabidopsis with MeHKT1 exhibits improved growth due to increasing shoot K+ content. In contrast, transgenic Arabidopsis accumulates more Na+ under salt stress than wild-type (WT) plants. Nevertheless, the differences in K+ content between transgenic and WT plants are not significant. Additionally, Arabidopsis expressing MeHKT1 displayed a stronger salt-sensitive phenotype. CONCLUSION These results suggest that under low K+ condition, MeHKT1 functions as a potassium transporter. In contrast, MeHKT1 mainly transports Na+ into cells under salt stress condition and negatively regulates the response of transgenic Arabidopsis to salt stress. Our results provide a reference for further research on the function of MeHKT1, and provide a basis for further application of MeHKT1 in cassava by molecular biological means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Luo
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali tolerant Rice, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jing Chu
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali tolerant Rice, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yu Wang
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali tolerant Rice, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jingyan Chang
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali tolerant Rice, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali tolerant Rice, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Chang H, Wu T, Shalmani A, Xu L, Li C, Zhang W, Pan R. Heat shock protein HvHSP16.9 from wild barley enhances tolerance to salt stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:687-704. [PMID: 38846458 PMCID: PMC11150235 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01455-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are known to play a crucial role in the response of plants to environmental stress, particularly heat stress. Nevertheless, the function of HSPs in salt stress tolerance in plants, especially in barley, remains largely unexplored. Here, we aimed to investigate and compare the salt tolerance mechanisms between wild barley EC_S1 and cultivated barley RGT Planet through a comprehensive analysis of physiological parameters and transcriptomic profiles. Results demonstrated that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in EC_S1 was significantly higher than in RGT Planet, indicating that wild barley gene regulation is more adaptive to salt stress. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly enriched in the processes of photosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and reactive oxygen species metabolism. Furthermore, the application of weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) enabled the identification of a set of key genes, including small heat shock protein (sHSP), Calmodulin-like proteins (CML), and protein phosphatases 2C (PP2C). Subsequently, a novel sHSP gene, HvHSP16.9 encoding a protein of 16.9 kDa, was cloned from wild barley, and its role in plant response to salt stress was elucidated. In Arabidopsis, overexpression of HvHSP16.9 increased the salt tolerance. Meanwhile, barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing (BSMV-VIGS) of HvHSP16.9 significantly reduced the salt tolerance in wild barley. Overall, this study offers a new theoretical framework for comprehending the tolerance and adaptation mechanisms of wild barley under salt stress. It provides valuable insights into the salt tolerance function of HSP, and identifies new candidate genes for enhancing cultivated barley varieties. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01455-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Chang
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
| | - Tiantian Wu
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
| | - Abdullah Shalmani
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Le Xu
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6105 Australia
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
| | - Rui Pan
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
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6
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Zhang Z, Xia Z, Zhou C, Wang G, Meng X, Yin P. Insights into Salinity Tolerance in Wheat. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:573. [PMID: 38790202 PMCID: PMC11121000 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Salt stress has a detrimental impact on food crop production, with its severity escalating due to both natural and man-made factors. As one of the most important food crops, wheat is susceptible to salt stress, resulting in abnormal plant growth and reduced yields; therefore, damage from salt stress should be of great concern. Additionally, the utilization of land in coastal areas warrants increased attention, given diminishing supplies of fresh water and arable land, and the escalating demand for wheat. A comprehensive understanding of the physiological and molecular changes in wheat under salt stress can offer insights into mitigating the adverse effects of salt stress on wheat. In this review, we summarized the genes and molecular mechanisms involved in ion transport, signal transduction, and enzyme and hormone regulation, in response to salt stress based on the physiological processes in wheat. Then, we surveyed the latest progress in improving the salt tolerance of wheat through breeding, exogenous applications, and microbial pathways. Breeding efficiency can be improved through a combination of gene editing and multiple omics techniques, which is the fundamental strategy for dealing with salt stress. Possible challenges and prospects in this process were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Pengcheng Yin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; (Z.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.Z.); (G.W.); (X.M.)
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7
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Gao R, Jia Y, Xu X, Fu P, Zhou J, Yang G. Structural insights into the Oryza sativa cation transporters HKTs in salt tolerance. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:700-708. [PMID: 38409933 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The high-affinity potassium transporters (HKTs), selectively permeable to either Na+ alone or Na+/K+, play pivotal roles in maintaining plant Na+/K+ homeostasis. Although their involvement in salt tolerance is widely reported, the molecular underpinnings of Oryza sativa HKTs remain elusive. In this study, we elucidate the structures of OsHKT1;1 and OsHKT2;1, representing two distinct classes of rice HKTs. The dimeric assembled OsHKTs can be structurally divided into four domains. At the dimer interface, a half-helix or a loop in the third domain is coordinated by the C-terminal region of the opposite subunit. Additionally, we present the structures of OsHKT1;5 salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive variants, a key quantitative trait locus associated with salt tolerance. The salt-tolerant variant of OsHKT1;5 exhibits enhanced Na+ transport capability and displays a more flexible conformation. These findings shed light on the molecular basis of rice HKTs and provide insights into their role in salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yutian Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Peng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guanghui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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8
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Liang X, Li J, Yang Y, Jiang C, Guo Y. Designing salt stress-resilient crops: Current progress and future challenges. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:303-329. [PMID: 38108117 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Excess soil salinity affects large regions of land and is a major hindrance to crop production worldwide. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of plant salt tolerance has scientific importance and practical significance. In recent decades, studies have characterized hundreds of genes associated with plant responses to salt stress in different plant species. These studies have substantially advanced our molecular and genetic understanding of salt tolerance in plants and have introduced an era of molecular design breeding of salt-tolerant crops. This review summarizes our current knowledge of plant salt tolerance, emphasizing advances in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of osmotic stress tolerance, salt-ion transport and compartmentalization, oxidative stress tolerance, alkaline stress tolerance, and the trade-off between growth and salt tolerance. We also examine recent advances in understanding natural variation in the salt tolerance of crops and discuss possible strategies and challenges for designing salt stress-resilient crops. We focus on the model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and the four most-studied crops: rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), maize (Zea mays), and soybean (Glycine max).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Jianfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100194, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Caifu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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9
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Bhoite R, Han Y, Chaitanya AK, Varshney RK, Sharma DL. Genomic approaches to enhance adaptive plasticity to cope with soil constraints amidst climate change in wheat. THE PLANT GENOME 2024; 17:e20358. [PMID: 37265088 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is varying the availability of resources, soil physicochemical properties, and rainfall events, which collectively determines soil physical and chemical properties. Soil constraints-acidity (pH < 6), salinity (pH ≤ 8.5), sodicity, and dispersion (pH > 8.5)-are major causes of wheat yield loss in arid and semiarid cropping systems. To cope with changing environments, plants employ adaptive strategies such as phenotypic plasticity, a key multifaceted trait, to promote shifts in phenotypes. Adaptive strategies for constrained soils are complex, determined by key functional traits and genotype × environment × management interactions. The understanding of the molecular basis of stress tolerance is particularly challenging for plasticity traits. Advances in sequencing and high-throughput genomics technologies have identified functional alleles in gene-rich regions, haplotypes, candidate genes, mechanisms, and in silico gene expression profiles at various growth developmental stages. Our review focuses on favorable alleles for enhanced gene expression, quantitative trait loci, and epigenetic regulation of plant responses to soil constraints, including heavy metal stress and nutrient limitations. A strategy is then described for quantitative traits in wheat by investigating significant alleles and functional characterization of variants, followed by gene validation using advanced genomic tools, and marker development for molecular breeding and genome editing. Moreover, the review highlights the progress of gene editing in wheat, multiplex gene editing, and novel alleles for smart control of gene expression. Application of these advanced genomic technologies to enhance plasticity traits along with soil management practices will be an effective tool to build yield, stability, and sustainability on constrained soils in the face of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopali Bhoite
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, South Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Yong Han
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, South Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Crop & Food Innovation, State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alamuru Krishna Chaitanya
- Grains Genetics Portfolio, University of Southern Queensland, Centre for Crop Health, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- Centre for Crop & Food Innovation, State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Darshan Lal Sharma
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, South Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Crop & Food Innovation, State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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10
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Song H, Cao Y, Zhao X, Zhang L. Na+-preferential ion transporter HKT1;1 mediates salt tolerance in blueberry. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:511-529. [PMID: 37757893 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a major environmental factor constraining growth and productivity of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum). Leaf Na+ content is associated with variation in salt tolerance among blueberry cultivars; however, the determinants and mechanisms conferring leaf Na+ exclusion are unknown. Here, we observed that the blueberry cultivar 'Duke' was more tolerant than 'Sweetheart' and accumulated less Na+ in leaves under salt stress conditions. Through transcript profiling, we identified a member of the high-affinity K+ transporter (HKT) family in blueberry, VcHKT1;1, as a candidate gene involved in leaf Na+ exclusion and salt tolerance. VcHKT1;1 encodes a Na+-preferential transporter localized to the plasma membrane and is preferentially expressed in the root stele. Heterologous expression of VcHKT1;1 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) rescued the salt hypersensitivity phenotype of the athkt1 mutant. Decreased VcHKT1;1 transcript levels in blueberry plants expressing antisense-VcHKT1;1 led to increased Na+ concentrations in xylem sap and higher leaf Na+ contents compared with wild-type plants, indicating that VcHKT1;1 promotes leaf Na+ exclusion by retrieving Na+ from xylem sap. A naturally occurring 8-bp insertion in the promoter increased the transcription level of VcHKT1;1, thus promoting leaf Na+ exclusion and blueberry salt tolerance. Collectively, we provide evidence that VcHKT1;1 promotes leaf Na+ exclusion and propose natural variation in VcHKT1;1 will be valuable for breeding Na+-tolerant blueberry cultivars in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Research & Development Center of Blueberry, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yibo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Research & Development Center of Blueberry, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Research & Development Center of Blueberry, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Research & Development Center of Blueberry, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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11
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Yang M, Chen S, Huang Z, Gao S, Yu T, Du T, Zhang H, Li X, Liu CM, Chen S, Li H. Deep learning-enabled discovery and characterization of HKT genes in Spartina alterniflora. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:690-705. [PMID: 37494542 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Spartina alterniflora is a halophyte that can survive in high-salinity environments, and it is phylogenetically close to important cereal crops, such as maize and rice. It is of scientific interest to understand why S. alterniflora can live under such extremely stressful conditions. The molecular mechanism underlying its high-saline tolerance is still largely unknown. Here we investigated the possibility that high-affinity K+ transporters (HKTs), which function in salt tolerance and maintenance of ion homeostasis in plants, are responsible for salt tolerance in S. alterniflora. To overcome the imprecision and unstable of the gene screening method caused by the conventional sequence alignment, we used a deep learning method, DeepGOPlus, to automatically extract sequence and protein characteristics from our newly assemble S. alterniflora genome to identify SaHKTs. Results showed that a total of 16 HKT genes were identified. The number of S. alterniflora HKTs (SaHKTs) is larger than that in all other investigated plant species except wheat. Phylogenetically related SaHKT members had similar gene structures, conserved protein domains and cis-elements. Expression profiling showed that most SaHKT genes are expressed in specific tissues and are differentially expressed under salt stress. Yeast complementation expression analysis showed that type I members SaHKT1;2, SaHKT1;3 and SaHKT1;8 and type II members SaHKT2;1, SaHKT2;3 and SaHKT2;4 had low-affinity K+ uptake ability and that type II members showed stronger K+ affinity than rice and Arabidopsis HKTs, as well as most SaHKTs showed preference for Na+ transport. We believe the deep learning-based methods are powerful approaches to uncovering new functional genes, and the SaHKT genes identified are important resources for breeding new varieties of salt-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maogeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular & Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Shoukun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Zhangping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Shang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Tingxi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Tingting Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shihua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular & Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Huihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
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12
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Yang R, Yang Z, Xing M, Jing Y, Zhang Y, Zhang K, Zhou Y, Zhao H, Qiao W, Sun J. TaBZR1 enhances wheat salt tolerance via promoting ABA biosynthesis and ROS scavenging. J Genet Genomics 2023; 50:861-871. [PMID: 37734712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are vital plant steroid hormones involved in numerous aspects of plant life including growth, development, and responses to various stresses. However, the underlying mechanisms of how BR regulates abiotic stress responses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) remain to be elucidated. Here, we find that BR signal core transcription factor BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT1 (TaBZR1) is significantly up-regulated by salt treatment. Overexpression of Tabzr1-1D (a gain-of-function TaBZR1 mutant protein) improves wheat salt tolerance. Furthermore, we show that TaBZR1 binds directly to the G-box motif in the promoter of ABA biosynthesis gene TaNCED3 to activate its expression and promotes ABA accumulation. Moreover, TaBZR1 associates with the promoters of ROS-scavenging genes TaGPX2 and TaGPX3 to activate their expression. Taken together, our results elucidate that TaBZR1 improves salt-stress tolerance by activating some genes involved in the biosynthesis of ABA and ROS scavenging in wheat, which gives us a new strategy to improve the salt tolerance of wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Meng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572024, China
| | - Yexing Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Developmental Biology, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, China
| | - Huixian Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Weihua Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572024, China.
| | - Jiaqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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13
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Krishnamurthy P, Amzah NRB, Kumar PP. High-affinity potassium transporter from a mangrove tree Avicennia officinalis increases salinity tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 336:111841. [PMID: 37625549 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Salinity reduces the growth and productivity of crop plants worldwide. Mangroves have evolved efficient ion homeostasis mechanisms to survive under their natural saline growth habitat. Information obtained from them may be utilized for increasing the salt tolerance of crop plants. We identified and characterized a high-affinity potassium transporter gene (AoHKT1) from Avicennia officinalis. The expression of AoHKT1 was induced by NaCl mainly in the leaves. Functional study by heterologous expression of AoHKT1 in Arabidopsis T-DNA insertional mutants athkt1-1 and athkt1-4 revealed that it could enhance the salt tolerance of the mutant plants. This was accompanied by an increase in K+ accumulation in the leaves. AoHKT1 was localized to the plasma membrane in Arabidopsis, and when expressed in yeast, it could complement the functions of both Na+ and K+ transporters. An attempt was made to identify the upstream regulator of AtHKT1, a close homolog of AoHKT1. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, luciferase assay and yeast one-hybrid assays, WRKY9 was identified as the main transcription factor in the process. Furthermore, this was corroborated by the observation that AtHKT1 levels were significantly reduced in the atwrky9 seedlings. These findings revealed a part of the molecular regulatory mechanism of HKT1 induction in response to salt treatment in Arabidopsis. Our study suggests that AoHKT1 is a potential candidate for generating crop plants with increased salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pannaga Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Centre on Sustainable Urban Farming, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Nur Ramizah Bte Amzah
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Centre on Sustainable Urban Farming, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Prakash P Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Centre on Sustainable Urban Farming, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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14
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Gu S, Han S, Abid M, Bai D, Lin M, Sun L, Qi X, Zhong Y, Fang J. A High-K + Affinity Transporter (HKT) from Actinidia valvata Is Involved in Salt Tolerance in Kiwifruit. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15737. [PMID: 37958739 PMCID: PMC10647804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion transport is crucial for salt tolerance in plants. Under salt stress, the high-affinity K+ transporter (HKT) family is mainly responsible for the long-distance transport of salt ions which help to reduce the deleterious effects of high concentrations of ions accumulated within plants. Kiwifruit is well known for its susceptibility to salt stress. Therefore, a current study was designed to decipher the molecular regulatory role of kiwifruit HKT members in the face of salt stress. The transcriptome data from Actinidia valvata revealed that salt stress significantly induced the expression of AvHKT1. A multiple sequence alignment analysis indicated that the AvHKT1 protein contains three conserved amino acid sites for the HKT family. According to subcellular localization analysis, the protein was primarily present in the cell membrane and nucleus. Additionally, we tested the AvHKT1 overexpression in 'Hongyang' kiwifruit, and the results showed that the transgenic lines exhibited less leaf damage and improved plant growth compared to the control plants. The transgenic lines displayed significantly higher SPAD and Fv/Fm values than the control plants. The MDA contents of transgenic lines were also lower than that of the control plants. Furthermore, the transgenic lines accumulated lower Na+ and K+ contents, proving this protein involvement in the transport of Na+ and K+ and classification as a type II HKT transporter. Further research showed that the peroxidase (POD) activity in the transgenic lines was significantly higher, indicating that the salt-induced overexpression of AvHKT1 also scavenged POD. The promoter of AvHKT1 contained phytohormone and abiotic stress-responsive cis-elements. In a nutshell, AvHKT1 improved kiwifruit tolerance to salinity by facilitating ion transport under salt stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yunpeng Zhong
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (S.G.); (S.H.); (M.A.); (D.B.); (M.L.); (L.S.); (X.Q.)
| | - Jinbao Fang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (S.G.); (S.H.); (M.A.); (D.B.); (M.L.); (L.S.); (X.Q.)
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15
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Du L, Ma Z, Mao H. Duplicate Genes Contribute to Variability in Abiotic Stress Resistance in Allopolyploid Wheat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2465. [PMID: 37447026 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Gene duplication is a universal biological phenomenon that drives genomic variation and diversity, plays a crucial role in plant evolution, and contributes to innovations in genetic engineering and crop development. Duplicated genes participate in the emergence of novel functionality, such as adaptability to new or more severe abiotic stress resistance. Future crop research will benefit from advanced, mechanistic understanding of the effects of gene duplication, especially in the development and deployment of high-performance, stress-resistant, elite wheat lines. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of gene duplication in wheat, including the principle of gene duplication and its effects on gene function, the diversity of duplicated genes, and how they have functionally diverged. Then, we discuss how duplicated genes contribute to abiotic stress response and the mechanisms of duplication. Finally, we have a future prospects section that discusses the direction of future efforts in the short term regarding the elucidation of replication and retention mechanisms of repetitive genes related to abiotic stress response in wheat, excellent gene function research, and practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linying Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhenbing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hude Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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16
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Chen L, Meng Y, Yang W, Lv Q, Zhou L, Liu S, Tang C, Xie Y, Li X. Genome-wide analysis and identification of TaRING-H2 gene family and TaSDIR1 positively regulates salt stress tolerance in wheat. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125162. [PMID: 37263334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is an abiotic stress factor that limits high yields, and thus identifying salt tolerance genes is very important for improving the tolerance of salt in wheat. In this study we identified 274 TaRING-H2 family members and analyzed their gene positions, gene structures, conserved structural domains, promoter cis-acting elements and covariance relationships. And we investigated TaRING-H2-120 (TaSDIR1) in salt stress. Transgenic lines exhibited higher salt tolerance in the germination and seedling stages. Compared with the wild type, overexpression of TaSDIR1 upregulated the expression of genes encoding enzymes related to the control of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby reducing the accumulation of ROS, as well as increased the expression of ion transport-related genes to limit the inward flow of Na+ in vivo and maintain a higher K+/Na+ ratio. The expression levels of these genes were opposite in lines where TaSDIR1 was silenced by BSMV-VIGS, and the silenced wheat exhibited higher salt sensitivity. Arabidopsis mutants and heterologous TaSDIR1 overexpressing lines had similar salt stress tolerance phenotypes. We also demonstrated that TaSDIR1 interacted with TaSDIR1P2 in vivo and in vitro. A sequence of 80-100 amino acids in TaSDIR1P2 encoded a coiled coil domain that was important for the activity of E3 ubiquitin ligase, and it was also the core region for the interaction between TaSDIR1 and TaSDIR1P2. Overall, our results suggest that TaSDIR1 positively regulates salt stress tolerance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ying Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Weibing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Qian Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chenghan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yanzhou Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Xuejun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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17
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Tu M, Du C, Yu B, Wang G, Deng Y, Wang Y, Chen M, Chang J, Yang G, He G, Xiong Z, Li Y. Current advances in the molecular regulation of abiotic stress tolerance in sorghum via transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic approaches. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1147328. [PMID: 37235010 PMCID: PMC10206308 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1147328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), a monocot C4 crop, is an important staple crop for many countries in arid and semi-arid regions worldwide. Because sorghum has outstanding tolerance and adaptability to a variety of abiotic stresses, including drought, salt, and alkaline, and heavy metal stressors, it is valuable research material for better understanding the molecular mechanisms of stress tolerance in crops and for mining new genes for their genetic improvement of abiotic stress tolerance. Here, we compile recent progress achieved using physiological, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome approaches; discuss the similarities and differences in how sorghum responds to differing stresses; and summarize the candidate genes involved in the process of responding to and regulating abiotic stresses. More importantly, we exemplify the differences between combined stresses and a single stress, emphasizing the necessity to strengthen future studies regarding the molecular responses and mechanisms of combined abiotic stresses, which has greater practical significance for food security. Our review lays a foundation for future functional studies of stress-tolerance-related genes and provides new insights into the molecular breeding of stress-tolerant sorghum genotypes, as well as listing a catalog of candidate genes for improving the stress tolerance for other key monocot crops, such as maize, rice, and sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Canghao Du
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Boju Yu
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoli Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanbin Deng
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuesheng Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingjie Chen
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junli Chang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangxiao Yang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangyuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyong Xiong
- Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology (Inner Mongolia University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Yin Li
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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18
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Lu Y, Fricke W. Salt Stress-Regulation of Root Water Uptake in a Whole-Plant and Diurnal Context. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098070. [PMID: 37175779 PMCID: PMC10179082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the regulation of root water uptake in plants which are exposed to salt stress. Root water uptake is not considered in isolation but is viewed in the context of other potential tolerance mechanisms of plants-tolerance mechanisms which relate to water relations and gas exchange. Plants spend between one third and half of their lives in the dark, and salt stress does not stop with sunset, nor does it start with sunrise. Surprisingly, how plants deal with salt stress during the dark has received hardly any attention, yet any growth response to salt stress over days, weeks, months and years is the integrative result of how plants perform during numerous, consecutive day/night cycles. As we will show, dealing with salt stress during the night is a prerequisite to coping with salt stress during the day. We hope to highlight with this review not so much what we know, but what we do not know; and this relates often to some rather basic questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lu
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Wieland Fricke
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland
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19
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Wei L, Liu L, Chen Z, Huang Y, Yang L, Wang P, Xue S, Bie Z. CmCNIH1 improves salt tolerance by influencing the trafficking of CmHKT1;1 in pumpkin. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36942473 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Pumpkin is often used as a rootstock for other Cucurbitaceae crops due to its resistance to soil-borne diseases and abiotic stress. Pumpkin rootstocks use a sodium transporter (CmHKT1;1) to promote the transport of Na+ from the shoot to the root effectively and improve the salt tolerance of the scion. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms that influence the activity of CmHKT1;1 during salt stress response remain unknown. In this study, CmCNIH1, a cornichon homolog, was identified as a potential cargo receptor for CmHKT1;1. Yeast two-hybrid, biomolecular fluorescence complementation and luciferase complementary assays demonstrated that CmCNIH1 and CmHKT1;1 could interact. CmCNIH1 was a key component of the cellular vesicle transport machinery located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), ER export site and Golgi apparatus. A CmCNIH1 knockout mutant was more sensitive to salt stress than the wild-type (WT). In addition, ion homeostasis was disrupted in cmcnih1 mutants, which had higher Na+ and lower K+ content in shoots and roots than the WT. Two-electrode voltage-clamp experiment displayed that CmCNIH1 could not influence the Na+ current that passed through the plasma membrane (PM) in CmHKT1;1-expressing Xenopus laevis oocytes. Data from co-localization assays indicated that intact CmCNIH1 protein could alter the subcellular localization of CmHKT1;1 in tobacco leaf, pumpkin root and yeast. In summary, CmCNIH1 may function as a cargo receptor that regulates the localization of CmHKT1;1 to the PM to improve salt tolerance in pumpkin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxing Wei
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Liu Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengwei Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaowu Xue
- College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhilong Bie
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
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20
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Shelden MC, Munns R. Crop root system plasticity for improved yields in saline soils. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1120583. [PMID: 36909408 PMCID: PMC9999379 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1120583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Crop yields must increase to meet the demands of a growing world population. Soil salinization is increasing due to the impacts of climate change, reducing the area of arable land for crop production. Plant root systems are plastic, and their architecture can be modulated to (1) acquire nutrients and water for growth, and (2) respond to hostile soil environments. Saline soils inhibit primary root growth and alter root system architecture (RSA) of crop plants. In this review, we explore how crop root systems respond and adapt to salinity, focusing predominately on the staple cereal crops wheat, maize, rice, and barley, that all play a major role in global food security. Cereal crops are classified as glycophytes (salt-sensitive) however salt-tolerance can differ both between species and within a species. In the past, due to the inherent difficulties associated with visualising and measuring root traits, crop breeding strategies have tended to focus on optimising shoot traits. High-resolution phenotyping techniques now make it possible to visualise and measure root traits in soil systems. A steep, deep and cheap root ideotype has been proposed for water and nitrogen capture. Changes in RSA can be an adaptive strategy to avoid saline soils whilst optimising nutrient and water acquisition. In this review we propose a new model for designing crops with a salt-tolerant root ideotype. The proposed root ideotype would exhibit root plasticity to adapt to saline soils, root anatomical changes to conserve energy and restrict sodium (Na+) uptake, and transport mechanisms to reduce the amount of Na+ transported to leaves. In the future, combining high-resolution root phenotyping with advances in crop genetics will allow us to uncover root traits in complex crop species such as wheat, that can be incorporated into crop breeding programs for yield stability in saline soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C. Shelden
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Rana Munns
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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21
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Bowerman AF, Byrt CS, Roy SJ, Whitney SM, Mortimer JC, Ankeny RA, Gilliham M, Zhang D, Millar AA, Rebetzke GJ, Pogson BJ. Potential abiotic stress targets for modern genetic manipulation. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:139-161. [PMID: 36377770 PMCID: PMC9806601 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Research into crop yield and resilience has underpinned global food security, evident in yields tripling in the past 5 decades. The challenges that global agriculture now faces are not just to feed 10+ billion people within a generation, but to do so under a harsher, more variable, and less predictable climate, and in many cases with less water, more expensive inputs, and declining soil quality. The challenges of climate change are not simply to breed for a "hotter drier climate," but to enable resilience to floods and droughts and frosts and heat waves, possibly even within a single growing season. How well we prepare for the coming decades of climate variability will depend on our ability to modify current practices, innovate with novel breeding methods, and communicate and work with farming communities to ensure viability and profitability. Here we define how future climates will impact farming systems and growing seasons, thereby identifying the traits and practices needed and including exemplars being implemented and developed. Critically, this review will also consider societal perspectives and public engagement about emerging technologies for climate resilience, with participatory approaches presented as the best approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Bowerman
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Caitlin S Byrt
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Stuart John Roy
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Spencer M Whitney
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Jenny C Mortimer
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Rachel A Ankeny
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Humanities, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dabing Zhang
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony A Millar
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Greg J Rebetzke
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Barry J Pogson
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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22
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Cao Y, Song H, Zhang L. New Insight into Plant Saline-Alkali Tolerance Mechanisms and Application to Breeding. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416048. [PMID: 36555693 PMCID: PMC9781758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Saline-alkali stress is a widespread adversity that severely affects plant growth and productivity. Saline-alkaline soils are characterized by high salt content and high pH values, which simultaneously cause combined damage from osmotic stress, ionic toxicity, high pH and HCO3-/CO32- stress. In recent years, many determinants of salt tolerance have been identified and their regulatory mechanisms are fairly well understood. However, the mechanism by which plants respond to comprehensive saline-alkali stress remains largely unknown. This review summarizes recent advances in the physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms of plants tolerance to salinity or salt- alkali stress. Focused on the progress made in elucidating the regulation mechanisms adopted by plants in response to saline-alkali stress and present some new views on the understanding of plants in the face of comprehensive stress. Plants generally promote saline-alkali tolerance by maintaining pH and Na+ homeostasis, while the plants responding to HCO3-/CO32- stress are not exactly the same as high pH stress. We proposed that pH-tolerant or sensitive plants have evolved distinct mechanisms to adapt to saline-alkaline stress. Finally, we highlight the areas that require further research to reveal the new components of saline-alkali tolerance in plants and present the current and potential application of key determinants in breed improvement and molecular breeding.
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23
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Li Z, Zhong F, Guo J, Chen Z, Song J, Zhang Y. Improving Wheat Salt Tolerance for Saline Agriculture. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14989-15006. [PMID: 36442507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a major abiotic stress that threatens crop yield and food supply in saline soil areas. Crops have evolved various strategies to facilitate survival and production of harvestable yield under salinity stress. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the main crop in arid and semiarid land areas, which are often affected by soil salinity. In this review, we summarize the conventional approaches to enhance wheat salt tolerance, including cross-breeding, exogenous application of chemical compounds, beneficial soil microorganisms, and transgenic engineering. We also propose several new breeding techniques for increasing salt tolerance in wheat, such as identifying new quantitative trait loci or genes related to salt tolerance, gene stacking and multiple genome editing, and wheat wild relatives and orphan crops domestication. The challenges and possible countermeasures in enhancing wheat salinity tolerance are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Fan Zhong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jianrong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jie Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
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24
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Zheng M, Li J, Zeng C, Liu X, Chu W, Lin J, Wang F, Wang W, Guo W, Xin M, Yao Y, Peng H, Ni Z, Sun Q, Hu Z. Subgenome-biased expression and functional diversification of a Na +/H + antiporter homoeologs in salt tolerance of polyploid wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1072009. [PMID: 36570929 PMCID: PMC9768589 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1072009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Common wheat (Triticum aestivum, BBAADD) is an allohexaploid species combines the D genome from Ae. tauschii and with the AB genomes from tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum). Compared with tetraploid wheat, hexaploid wheat has wide-ranging adaptability to environmental adversity such as salt stress. However, little is known about the molecular basis underlying this trait. The plasma membrane Na+/H+ transporter Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1) is a key determinant of salt tolerance in plants. Here we show that the upregulation of TaSOS1 expression is positively correlated with salt tolerance variation in polyploid wheat. Furthermore, both transcriptional analysis and GUS staining on transgenic plants indicated TaSOS1-A and TaSOS1-B exhibited higher basal expression in roots and leaves in normal conditions and further up-regulated under salt stress; while TaSOS1-D showed markedly lower expression in roots and leaves under normal conditions, but significant up-regulated in roots but not leaves under salt stress. Moreover, transgenic studies in Arabidopsis demonstrate that three TaSOS1 homoeologs display different contribution to salt tolerance and TaSOS1-D plays the prominent role in salt stress. Our findings provide insights into the subgenomic homoeologs variation potential to broad adaptability of natural polyploidy wheat, which might effective for genetic improvement of salinity tolerance in wheat and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zheng
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaowu Zeng
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumuqi, China
| | - Xingbei Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingchen Lin
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengzhi Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Salt-alkali Stress Tolerance Evaluation and Genetic Improvement, Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Cangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Salt-alkali Stress Tolerance Evaluation and Genetic Improvement, Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Cangzhou, China
| | - Weilong Guo
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Xin
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingyin Yao
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiru Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qixin Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaorong Hu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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25
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Aycan M, Baslam M, Mitsui T, Yildiz M. The TaGSK1, TaSRG, TaPTF1, and TaP5CS Gene Transcripts Confirm Salinity Tolerance by Increasing Proline Production in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11233401. [PMID: 36501443 PMCID: PMC9738719 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is an abiotic stress factor that reduces yield and threatens food security in the world's arid and semi-arid regions. The development of salt-tolerant genotypes is critical for mitigating yield losses, and this journey begins with the identification of sensitive and tolerant plants. Numerous physiologic and molecular markers for detecting salt-tolerant wheat genotypes have been developed. One of them is proline, which has been used for a long time but has received little information about proline-related genes in wheat genotypes. In this study, proline content and the expression levels of proline-related genes (TaPTF1, TaDHN, TaSRG, TaSC, TaPIMP1, TaMIP, TaHKT1;4, TaGSK, TaP5CS, and TaMYB) were examined in sensitive, moderate, and tolerant genotypes under salt stress (0, 50, 150, and 250 mM NaCl) for 0, 12, and 24 h. Our results show that salt stress increased the proline content in all genotypes, but it was found higher in salt-tolerant genotypes than in moderate and sensitive genotypes. The salinity stress increased gene expression levels in salt-tolerant and moderate genotypes. While salt-stress exposure for 12 and 24 h had a substantial effect on gene expression in wheat, TaPTF1, TaPIMP1, TaMIP, TaHKT1;4, and TaMYB genes were considerably upregulated in 24 h. The salt-tolerant genotypes showed a higher positive interaction than a negative interaction. The TaPTF1, TaP5CS, TaGSK1, and TaSRG genes were found to be more selective than the other analyzed genes under salt-stress conditions. Despite each gene's specific function, increasing proline biosynthesis functioned as a common mechanism for separating salt tolerance from sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Aycan
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara 06110, Türkiye
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Marouane Baslam
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Mitsui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Mustafa Yildiz
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara 06110, Türkiye
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26
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Kaur G, Sanwal SK, Sehrawat N, Kumar A, Kumar N, Mann A. Getting to the roots of Cicer arietinum L. (chickpea) to study the effect of salinity on morpho-physiological, biochemical and molecular traits. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103464. [PMID: 36199518 PMCID: PMC9527943 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Kaur
- Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Satish Kumar Sanwal
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Nirmala Sehrawat
- Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Naresh Kumar
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Anita Mann
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
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27
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Han QQ, Wang YP, Li J, Li J, Yin XC, Jiang XY, Yu M, Wang SM, Shabala S, Zhang JL. The mechanistic basis of sodium exclusion in Puccinellia tenuiflora under conditions of salinity and potassium deprivation. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:322-338. [PMID: 35979653 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a significant threat to global agriculture. Understanding salt exclusion mechanisms in halophyte species may be instrumental in improving salt tolerance in crops. Puccinellia tenuiflora is a typical salt-excluding halophytic grass often found in potassium-deprived saline soils. Our previous work showed that P. tenuiflora possesses stronger selectivity for K+ than for Na+ ; however, the mechanistic basis of this phenomenon remained elusive. Here, P. tenuiflora PutHKT1;5 was cloned and the functions of PutHKT1;5 and PutSOS1 were characterized using heterologous expression systems. Yeast assays showed that PutHKT1;5 possessed Na+ transporting capacity and was highly selective for Na+ over K+ . PutSOS1 was located at the plasma membrane and operated as a Na+ /K+ exchanger, with much stronger Na+ extrusion capacity than its homolog from Arabidopsis. PutHKT2;1 mediated high-affinity K+ and Na+ uptake and its expression levels were upregulated by mild salinity and K+ deprivation. Salinity-induced changes of root PutHKT1;5 and PutHKT1;4 transcript levels matched the expression pattern of root PutSOS1, which was consistent with root Na+ efflux. The transcript levels of root PutHKT2;1 and PutAKT1 were downregulated by salinity. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the functional activity of PutHKT1;5 and PutSOS1 in P. tenuiflora roots is fine-tuned under saline conditions as well as by operation of other ion transporters/channel (PutHKT1;4, PutHKT2;1, and PutAKT1). This leads to the coordination of radial Na+ and K+ transport processes, their loading to the xylem, or Na+ retrieval and extrusion under conditions of mild salinity and/or K+ deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Chang Yin
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Yu Jiang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, P. R. China
| | - Suo-Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, P. R. China
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jin-Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, P. R. China
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28
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Kuang L, Shen Q, Chen L, Ye L, Yan T, Chen ZH, Waugh R, Li Q, Huang L, Cai S, Fu L, Xing P, Wang K, Shao J, Wu F, Jiang L, Wu D, Zhang G. The genome and gene editing system of sea barleygrass provide a novel platform for cereal domestication and stress tolerance studies. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100333. [PMID: 35643085 PMCID: PMC9482977 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The tribe Triticeae provides important staple cereal crops and contains elite wild species with wide genetic diversity and high tolerance to abiotic stresses. Sea barleygrass (Hordeum marinum Huds.), a wild Triticeae species, thrives in saline marshlands and is well known for its high tolerance to salinity and waterlogging. Here, a 3.82-Gb high-quality reference genome of sea barleygrass is assembled de novo, with 3.69 Gb (96.8%) of its sequences anchored onto seven chromosomes. In total, 41 045 high-confidence (HC) genes are annotated by homology, de novo prediction, and transcriptome analysis. Phylogenetics, non-synonymous/synonymous mutation ratios (Ka/Ks), and transcriptomic and functional analyses provide genetic evidence for the divergence in morphology and salt tolerance among sea barleygrass, barley, and wheat. The large variation in post-domestication genes (e.g. IPA1 and MOC1) may cause interspecies differences in plant morphology. The extremely high salt tolerance of sea barleygrass is mainly attributed to low Na+ uptake and root-to-shoot translocation, which are mainly controlled by SOS1, HKT, and NHX transporters. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing systems were developed for sea barleygrass to promote its utilization for exploration and functional studies of hub genes and for the genetic improvement of cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhui Kuang
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiufang Shen
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liyang Chen
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lingzhen Ye
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tao Yan
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Robbie Waugh
- The James Hutton Institute, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK; The Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK; School of Agriculture and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shengguan Cai
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liangbo Fu
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Pengwei Xing
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiari Shao
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Feibo Wu
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lixi Jiang
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dezhi Wu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Transcriptome-Wide Analysis Revealed the Potential of the High-Affinity Potassium Transporter (HKT) Gene Family in Rice Salinity Tolerance via Ion Homeostasis. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9090410. [PMID: 36134956 PMCID: PMC9495969 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9090410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The high-affinity potassium transporter (HKT) genes are key ions transporters, regulating the plant response to salt stress via sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) homeostasis. The main goal of this research was to find and understand the HKT genes in rice and their potential biological activities in response to brassinosteroids (BRs), jasmonic acid (JA), seawater, and NaCl stress. The in silico analyses of seven OsHKT genes involved their evolutionary tree, gene structures, conserved motifs, and chemical properties, highlighting the key aspects of OsHKT genes. The Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of HKT genes revealed their roles in growth and stress responses. Promoter analysis showed that the majority of the HKT genes participate in abiotic stress responses. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed higher transcriptional activity of OsHKT genes in roots and leaves. Under NaCl, BR, and JA application, OsHKT1 was expressed differentially in roots and shoots. Similarly, the induced expression pattern of OsHKT1 was recorded in the seawater resistant (SWR) cultivar. Additionally, the Na+ to K+ ratio under different concentrations of NaCl stress has been evaluated. Our data highlighted the important role of the OsHKT gene family in regulating the JA and BR mediated rice salinity tolerance and could be useful for rice future breeding programs.
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Tang Y, Wang M, Cao L, Dang Z, Ruan N, Wang Y, Huang Y, Wu J, Zhang M, Xu Z, Chen W, Li F, Xu Q. OsUGE3-mediated cell wall polysaccharides accumulation improves biomass production, mechanical strength, and salt tolerance. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:2492-2507. [PMID: 35592911 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell walls constitute the majority of plant biomass and are essential for plant resistance to environmental stresses. It is promising to improve both plant biomass production and stress resistance simultaneously by genetic modification of cell walls. Here, we report the functions of a UDP-galactose/glucose epimerase 3 (OsUGE3) in rice growth and salt tolerance by characterizing its overexpressing plants (OsUGE3-OX) and loss-of-function mutants (uge3). The OsUGE3-OX plants showed improvements in biomass production and mechanical strength, whereas uge3 mutants displayed growth defects. The OsUGE3 exhibits UDP-galactose/glucose epimerase activity that provides substrates for polysaccharides polymerization, consistent with the increased biosynthesis of cellulose and hemicelluloses and strengthened walls in OsUGE3-OX plants. Notably, the OsUGE3 is ubiquitously expressed and induced by salt treatment. The uge3 mutants were hypersensitive to salt and osmotic stresses, whereas the OsUGE3-OX plants showed improved tolerance to salt and osmotic stresses. Moreover, OsUGE3 overexpression improves the homeostasis of Na+ and K+ and induces a higher accumulation of hemicelluloses and soluble sugars during salt stress. Our results suggest that OsUGE3 improves biomass production, mechanical strength, and salt stress tolerance by reinforcement of cell walls with polysaccharides and it could be targeted for genetic modification to improve rice growth under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Tang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Meihan Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liyu Cao
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhengjun Dang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Nan Ruan
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingni Huang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiayi Wu
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingfei Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhengjin Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenfu Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fengcheng Li
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Quan Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Comparative transcriptome analysis of synthetic and common wheat in response to salt stress. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11534. [PMID: 35798819 PMCID: PMC9262916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress reduces wheat yield. Therefore, improvement for enhanced salt stress tolerance is necessary for stable production. To understand the molecular mechanism of salt tolerance in common wheat and synthetic hexaploid (SH) wheat, RNA sequencing was performed on the roots of three wheat lines salt-tolerant SH wheat, salt-tolerant common wheat, and salt-sensitive common wheat. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to salt stress were characterized using gene ontology enrichment analysis. Salt tolerance in common wheat has been suggested to be mainly regulated by the activation of transporters. In contrast, salt tolerance in SH wheat is enhanced through up-regulation of the reactive oxygen species signaling pathway, other unknown pathways, and different ERF transcription factors. These results indicate that salt tolerance is differentially controlled between common wheat and SH wheat. Furthermore, QTL analysis was performed using the F2 population derived from SH and salt-sensitive wheat. No statistically significant QTL was detected, suggesting that numerous QTLs with negligible contributions are involved in salt tolerance in SH wheat. We also identified DEGs specific to each line near one probable QTL. These findings show that SH wheat possesses salt tolerance mechanisms lacking in common wheat and may be potential breeding material for salt tolerance.
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Ankit A, Kamali S, Singh A. Genomic & structural diversity and functional role of potassium (K +) transport proteins in plants. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:844-857. [PMID: 35367275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and productivity. It is the most abundant cation in plants and is involved in various cellular processes. Variable K+ availability is sensed by plant roots, consequently K+ transport proteins are activated to optimize K+ uptake. In addition to K+ uptake and translocation these proteins are involved in other important physiological processes like transmembrane voltage regulation, polar auxin transport, maintenance of Na+/K+ ratio and stomata movement during abiotic stress responses. K+ transport proteins display tremendous genomic and structural diversity in plants. Their key structural features, such as transmembrane domains, N-terminal domains, C-terminal domains and loops determine their ability of K+ uptake and transport and thus, provide functional diversity. Most K+ transporters are regulated at transcriptional and post-translational levels. Genetic manipulation of key K+ transporters/channels could be a prominent strategy for improving K+ utilization efficiency (KUE) in plants. This review discusses the genomic and structural diversity of various K+ transport proteins in plants. Also, an update on the function of K+ transport proteins and their regulatory mechanism in response to variable K+ availability, in improving KUE, biotic and abiotic stresses is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Ankit
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | | | - Amarjeet Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Dave A, Agarwal P, Agarwal PK. Mechanism of high affinity potassium transporter (HKT) towards improved crop productivity in saline agricultural lands. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:51. [PMID: 35127306 PMCID: PMC8795266 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03092-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycophytic plants are susceptible to salinity and their growth is hampered in more than 40 mM of salt. Salinity not only affects crop yield but also limits available land for farming by decreasing its fertility. Presence of distinct traits in response to environmental conditions might result in evolutionary adaptations. A better understanding of salinity tolerance through a comprehensive study of how Na+ is transported will help in the development of plants with improved salinity tolerance and might lead to increased yield of crops growing in strenuous environment. Ion transporters play pivotal role in salt homeostasis and maintain low cytotoxic effect in the cell. High-affinity potassium transporters are the critical class of integral membrane proteins found in plants. It mainly functions to remove excess Na+ from the transpiration stream to prevent sodium toxicity in the salt-sensitive shoot and leaf tissues. However, there are large number of HKT proteins expressed in plants, and it is possible that these members perform in a wide range of functions. Understanding their mechanism and functions will aid in further manipulation and genetic transformation of different crops. This review focuses on current knowledge of ion selectivity and molecular mechanisms controlling HKT gene expression. The current review highlights the mechanism of different HKT transporters from different plant sources and how this knowledge could prove as a valuable tool to improve crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Dave
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364 002 India ,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Parinita Agarwal
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364 002 India
| | - Pradeep K. Agarwal
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364 002 India ,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
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Quamruzzaman M, Manik SMN, Shabala S, Cao F, Zhou M. Genome-wide association study reveals a genomic region on 5AL for salinity tolerance in wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:709-721. [PMID: 34797396 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03996-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a major threat to crop productivity and quality worldwide. In order to reduce the negative effects of salinity stress, it is important to understand the genetic basis of salinity tolerance. Identifying new salinity tolerance QTL or genes is crucial for breeders to pyramid different tolerance mechanisms to improve crop adaptability to salinity. Being one of the major cereal crops, wheat is known as a salt-sensitive glycophyte and subject to substantial yield losses when grown in the presence of salt. In this study, both pot and tank experiments were conducted to investigate the genotypic variation present in 328 wheat varieties in their salinity tolerance at the vegetative stage. A Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) were carried out to identify QTL conferring salinity tolerance through a mixed linear model. Six, five and eight significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) were identified from pot experiments, tank experiments and average damage scores, respectively. These markers are located on the wheat chromosomes 1B, 2B, 2D, 3A, 4B, and 5A. These tolerance alleles were additive in their effects and, when combined, increased tolerance to salinity. Candidate genes identified in these QTL regions encoded a diverse class of proteins involved in salinity tolerance in plants. A Na+/H+ exchanger and a potassium transporter on chromosome 5A (IWB30519) will be of a potential value for improvement of salt tolerance of wheat cultivars using marker assisted selection programs. Some useful genotypes, which showed consistent tolerance in different trials, can also be effectively used in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Quamruzzaman
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | | | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Chancheng, China
| | - Fangbin Cao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.
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35
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Molecular Insights into Salinity Responsiveness in Contrasting Genotypes of Rice at the Seedling Stage. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031624. [PMID: 35163547 PMCID: PMC8835730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most common unfavorable environmental conditions that limits plant growth and development, ultimately reducing crop productivity. To investigate the underlying molecular mechanism involved in the salinity response in rice, we initially screened 238 rice cultivars after salt treatment at the seedling stage and identified two highly salt-tolerant cultivars determined by the relative damage rate parameter. The majority of cultivars (94.1%) were ranked as salt-sensitive and highly salt-sensitive. Transcriptome profiling was completed in highly salt-tolerant, moderately salt-tolerant, and salt-sensitive under water and salinity treatments at the seedling stage. Principal component analysis displayed a clear distinction among the three cultivars under control and salinity stress conditions. Several starch and sucrose metabolism-related genes were induced after salt treatment in all genotypes at the seedling stage. The results from the present study enable the identification of the ascorbate glutathione pathway, potentially participating in the process of plant response to salinity in the early growth stage. Our findings also highlight the significance of high-affinity K+ uptake transporters (HAKs) and high-affinity K+ transporters (HKTs) during salt stress responses in rice seedlings. Collectively, the cultivar-specific stress-responsive genes and pathways identified in the present study act as a useful resource for researchers interested in plant responses to salinity at the seedling stage.
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Athar HUR, Zulfiqar F, Moosa A, Ashraf M, Zafar ZU, Zhang L, Ahmed N, Kalaji HM, Nafees M, Hossain MA, Islam MS, El Sabagh A, Siddique KHM. Salt stress proteins in plants: An overview. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:999058. [PMID: 36589054 PMCID: PMC9800898 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.999058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress is considered the most devastating abiotic stress for crop productivity. Accumulating different types of soluble proteins has evolved as a vital strategy that plays a central regulatory role in the growth and development of plants subjected to salt stress. In the last two decades, efforts have been undertaken to critically examine the genome structure and functions of the transcriptome in plants subjected to salinity stress. Although genomics and transcriptomics studies indicate physiological and biochemical alterations in plants, it do not reflect changes in the amount and type of proteins corresponding to gene expression at the transcriptome level. In addition, proteins are a more reliable determinant of salt tolerance than simple gene expression as they play major roles in shaping physiological traits in salt-tolerant phenotypes. However, little information is available on salt stress-responsive proteins and their possible modes of action in conferring salinity stress tolerance. In addition, a complete proteome profile under normal or stress conditions has not been established yet for any model plant species. Similarly, a complete set of low abundant and key stress regulatory proteins in plants has not been identified. Furthermore, insufficient information on post-translational modifications in salt stress regulatory proteins is available. Therefore, in recent past, studies focused on exploring changes in protein expression under salt stress, which will complement genomic, transcriptomic, and physiological studies in understanding mechanism of salt tolerance in plants. This review focused on recent studies on proteome profiling in plants subjected to salinity stress, and provide synthesis of updated literature about how salinity regulates various salt stress proteins involved in the plant salt tolerance mechanism. This review also highlights the recent reports on regulation of salt stress proteins using transgenic approaches with enhanced salt stress tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib-ur-Rehman Athar
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Faisal Zulfiqar, ; Kadambot H. M. Siddique,
| | - Anam Moosa
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Ullah Zafar
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Lixin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Nadeem Ahmed
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of Botany, Mohy-ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif, Pakistan
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Muhammad Nafees
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Anwar Hossain
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Sohidul Islam
- Department of Agronomy, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Siirt University, Siirt, Türkiye
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Kadambot H. M. Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Petrth WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Faisal Zulfiqar, ; Kadambot H. M. Siddique,
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Venkataraman G, Shabala S, Véry AA, Hariharan GN, Somasundaram S, Pulipati S, Sellamuthu G, Harikrishnan M, Kumari K, Shabala L, Zhou M, Chen ZH. To exclude or to accumulate? Revealing the role of the sodium HKT1;5 transporter in plant adaptive responses to varying soil salinity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 169:333-342. [PMID: 34837866 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arid/semi-arid and coastal agricultural areas of the world are especially vulnerable to climate change-driven soil salinity. Salinity tolerance in plants is a complex trait, with salinity negatively affecting crop yield. Plants adopt a range of mechanisms to combat salinity, with many transporter genes being implicated in Na+-partitioning processes. Within these, the high-affinity K+ (HKT) family of transporters play a critical role in K+ and Na+ homeostasis in plants. Among HKT transporters, Type I transporters are Na+-specific. While Arabidopsis has only one Na + -specific HKT (AtHKT1;1), cereal crops have a multiplicity of Type I and II HKT transporters. AtHKT1; 1 (Arabidopsis thaliana) and HKT1; 5 (cereal crops) 'exclude' Na+ from the xylem into xylem parenchyma in the root, reducing shoot Na+ and hence, confer sodium tolerance. However, more recent data from Arabidopsis and crop species show that AtHKT1;1/HKT1;5 alleles have a strong genetic association with 'shoot sodium accumulation' and concomitant salt tolerance. The review tries to resolve these two seemingly contradictory effects of AtHKT1;1/HKT1;5 operation (shoot exclusion vs shoot accumulation), both conferring salinity tolerance and suggests that contrasting phenotypes are attributable to either hyper-functional or weak AtHKT1;1/HKT1;5 alleles/haplotypes and are under strong selection by soil salinity levels. It also suggests that opposite balancing mechanisms involving xylem ion loading in these contrasting phenotypes exist that require transporters such as SOS1 and CCC. While HKT1; 5 is a crucial but not sole determinant of salinity tolerance, investigation of the adaptive benefit(s) conferred by naturally occurring intermediate HKT1;5 alleles will be important under a climate change scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Venkataraman
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, III Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Chennai, 600113, India.
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas, 7001, Australia; International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China.
| | - Anne-Aliénor Véry
- Biochimie & Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34060, Montpellier Cedex 2, France.
| | - Gopalasamudram Neelakantan Hariharan
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, III Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - Suji Somasundaram
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600124, India
| | - Shalini Pulipati
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, III Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - Gothandapani Sellamuthu
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, III Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Chennai, 600113, India; Forest Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU), Kamycka 129, Praha, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Mohan Harikrishnan
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, III Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - Kumkum Kumari
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, III Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - Lana Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas, 7001, Australia
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas, 7001, Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
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Romero-Aranda MR, Espinosa J, González-Fernández P, Jaime-Fernández E, Traverso JÁ, Asins MJ, Belver A. Role of Na + transporters HKT1;1 and HKT1;2 in tomato salt tolerance. I. Function loss of cheesmaniae alleles in roots and aerial parts. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 168:282-293. [PMID: 34673319 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the physiological impact of function loss on cheesmaniae alleles at the HKT1;1 and HKT1;2 loci in the roots and aerial parts of tomato plants in order to determine the relative contributions of each locus in the different tissues to plant Na+/K+ homeostasis and subsequently to tomato salt tolerance. We generated different reciprocal rootstock/scion combinations with non-silenced, single RNAi-silenced lines for ScHKT1;1 and ScHKT1;2, as well as a silenced line at both loci from a near isogenic line (NIL14), homozygous for the Solanum cheesmaniae haplotype containing both HKT1 loci and subjected to salinity under natural greenhouse conditions. Our results show that salt treatment reduced vegetative growth and altered the Na+/K+ ratio in leaves and flowers; negatively affecting fruit production, particularly in graft combinations containing single silenced ScHKT1;2- and double silenced ScHKT1;1/ScHKT1;2 lines when used as scion. We concluded that the removal of Na+ from the xylem by ScHKT1;2 in the aerial part of the plant can have an even greater impact than that on Na+ homeostasis at the root level under saline conditions. Also, ScHKT1;1 function loss in rootstock greatly reduced the Na+/K+ ratio in leaf and flower tissues, minimized yield loss under salinity. Our results suggest that, in addition to xylem Na+ unloading, ScHKT1;2 could also be involved in Na+ uploading into the phloem, thus promoting Na+ recirculation from aerial parts to the roots. This recirculation of Na+ to the roots through the phloem could be further favoured by ScHKT1;1 silencing at these roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Remedios Romero-Aranda
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, La Mayora Institute for Mediterranean and Subtropical Horticulture, UMA/CSIC, Malaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Espinosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants,Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/ Prof. Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Paloma González-Fernández
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants,Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/ Prof. Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Emilio Jaime-Fernández
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, La Mayora Institute for Mediterranean and Subtropical Horticulture, UMA/CSIC, Malaga, Spain
| | - José Ángel Traverso
- Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - María José Asins
- Plant Protection and Biotechnology Center, Valencian Institute of Agrarian Research (IVIA), 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrés Belver
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants,Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/ Prof. Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain.
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Menadue DJ, Riboni M, Baumann U, Schilling RK, Plett DC, Roy SJ. Proton-pumping pyrophosphatase homeolog expression is a dynamic trait in bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum). PLANT DIRECT 2021; 5:e354. [PMID: 34646976 PMCID: PMC8496507 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Proton-pumping pyrophosphatases (H+-PPases) have been shown to enhance biomass and yield. However, to date, there has been little work towards identify genes encoding H+-PPases in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) (TaVPs) and limited knowledge on how the expression of these genes varies across different growth stages and tissue types. In this study, the IWGSC database was used to identify two novel TaVP genes, TaVP4 and TaVP5, and elucidate the complete homeolog sequences of the three known TaVP genes, bringing the total number of bread wheat TaVPs from 9 to 15. Gene expression levels of each TaVP homeolog were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in four diverse wheat varieties in terms of phenotypic traits related to high vacuolar pyrophosphatase expression. Homeolog expression was analyzed across multiple tissue types and developmental stages. Expression levels of the TaVP homeologs were found to vary significantly between varieties, tissues and plant developmental stages. During early development (Z10 and Z13), expressions of TaVP1 and TaVP2 homeologs were higher in shoot tissue than root tissue, with both shoot and root expression increasing in later developmental stages (Z22). TaVP2-D was expressed in all varieties and tissue types and was the most highly expressed homeolog at all developmental stages. Expression of the TaVP3 homeologs was restricted to developing grain (Z75), while TaVP4 homeolog expression was higher at Z22 than earlier developmental stages. Variation in TaVP4B was detected among varieties at Z22 and Z75, with Buck Atlantico (high biomass) and Scout (elite Australian cultivar) having the highest levels of expression. These findings offer a comprehensive overview of the bread wheat H+-PPase family and identify variation in TaVP homeolog expression that will be of use to improve the growth, yield, and abiotic stress tolerance of bread wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jamie Menadue
- School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional GenomicsThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Matteo Riboni
- School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional GenomicsThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Ute Baumann
- School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional GenomicsThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Rhiannon Kate Schilling
- School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional GenomicsThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Primary Industries and RegionsSouth Australian Research and Development InstituteUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Darren Craig Plett
- School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Plant Phenomics Facility, The Plant AcceleratorThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Stuart John Roy
- School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional GenomicsThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
- ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Wheat in a Hot and Dry ClimateUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
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Borjigin C, Schilling RK, Jewell N, Brien C, Sanchez-Ferrero JC, Eckermann PJ, Watson-Haigh NS, Berger B, Pearson AS, Roy SJ. Identifying the genetic control of salinity tolerance in the bread wheat landrace Mocho de Espiga Branca. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2021; 48:1148-1160. [PMID: 34600599 DOI: 10.1071/fp21140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Salinity tolerance in bread wheat is frequently reported to be associated with low leaf sodium (Na+) concentrations. However, the Portuguese landrace, Mocho de Espiga Branca, accumulates significantly higher leaf Na+ but has comparable salinity tolerance to commercial bread wheat cultivars. To determine the genetic loci associated with the salinity tolerance of this landrace, an F2 mapping population was developed by crossing Mocho de Espiga Branca with the Australian cultivar Gladius. The population was phenotyped for 19 salinity tolerance subtraits using both non-destructive and destructive techniques. Genotyping was performed using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Genomic regions associated with salinity tolerance were detected on chromosomes 1A, 1D, 4B and 5A for the subtraits of relative and absolute growth rate (RGR, AGR respectively), and on chromosome 2A, 2B, 4D and 5D for Na+, potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl-) accumulation. Candidate genes that encode proteins associated with salinity tolerance were identified within the loci including Na+/H+ antiporters, K+ channels, H+-ATPase, calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs), CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs), calcium dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) and calcium-transporting ATPase. This study provides a new insight into the genetic control of salinity tolerance in a Na+ accumulating bread wheat to assist with the future development of salt tolerant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chana Borjigin
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Rhiannon K Schilling
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and Department of Primary Industries and Regions, South Australian Research and Development Institute, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Jewell
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and Australian Plant Phenomics Facility, The Plant Accelerator, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Chris Brien
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and Australian Plant Phenomics Facility, The Plant Accelerator, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Juan Carlos Sanchez-Ferrero
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Paul J Eckermann
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Nathan S Watson-Haigh
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and South Australian Genomics Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Bettina Berger
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and Australian Plant Phenomics Facility, The Plant Accelerator, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Allison S Pearson
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Stuart J Roy
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Wheat in a Hot and Dry Climate, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
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Luo Q, Hu P, Yang G, Li H, Liu L, Wang Z, Li B, Li Z, Zheng Q. Mapping QTL for seedling morphological and physiological traits under normal and salt treatments in a RIL wheat population. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:2991-3011. [PMID: 34095960 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03872-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The genetic basis of 27 seedling traits under normal and salt treatments was fully analyzed in a RIL wheat population, and seven QTL intervals were validated in two other genetic populations. Soil salinity seriously constrains wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production globally by influencing its growth and development. To explore the genetic basis of salt tolerance in wheat, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between high-yield wheat cultivar Zhongmai 175 (ZM175) and salt-tolerant cultivar Xiaoyan 60 (XY60) was used to map QTL for seedling traits under normal and salt treatments based on a high-density genetic linkage map. A total of 158 stable additive QTL for 27 morphological and physiological traits were identified and distributed on all wheat chromosomes except 3A and 4D. They explained 2.35-46.43% of the phenotypic variation with a LOD score range of 2.61-40.38. The alleles from XY60 increased corresponding traits for 100 QTL, while the alleles from ZM175 had positive effects for the other 58 QTL. Nearly half of the QTL (78/158) were mapped in nine QTL clusters on chromosomes 2A, 2B, 2D, 4B, 5A, 5B, 5D, and 7D (2), respectively. To prove the reliability and potentiality in molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS), seven QTL intervals were validated in two other genetic populations. Besides additive QTL, 94 pairs of loci were detected with significant epistatic effect and 20 QTL were found to interact with treatment. This study provides a full elucidation of the genetic basis of seedling traits (especially root system-related traits) associated with salt tolerance in wheat, and the developed kompetitive allele-specific PCR markers closely linked to stable QTL would supply strong supports to MAS in salt-tolerant wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Pan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Guotang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Liqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zishan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhensheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Roodt D. Worth its salt: a histone acetyltransferase gene enhances salt tolerance in bread wheat. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:1752-1753. [PMID: 34618119 PMCID: PMC8331160 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Roodt
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Zheng M, Lin J, Liu X, Chu W, Li J, Gao Y, An K, Song W, Xin M, Yao Y, Peng H, Ni Z, Sun Q, Hu Z. Histone acetyltransferase TaHAG1 acts as a crucial regulator to strengthen salt tolerance of hexaploid wheat. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:1951-1969. [PMID: 33890670 PMCID: PMC8331135 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Polyploidy occurs prevalently and plays an important role during plant speciation and evolution. This phenomenon suggests polyploidy could develop novel features that enable them to adapt wider range of environmental conditions compared with diploid progenitors. Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., BBAADD) is a typical allohexaploid species and generally exhibits greater salt tolerance than its tetraploid wheat progenitor (BBAA). However, little is known about the underlying molecular basis and the regulatory pathway of this trait. Here, we show that the histone acetyltransferase TaHAG1 acts as a crucial regulator to strengthen salt tolerance of hexaploid wheat. Salinity-induced TaHAG1 expression was associated with tolerance variation in polyploidy wheat. Overexpression, silencing, and CRISPR-mediated knockout of TaHAG1 validated the role of TaHAG1 in salinity tolerance of wheat. TaHAG1 contributed to salt tolerance by modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and signal specificity. Moreover, TaHAG1 directly targeted a subset of genes that are responsible for hydrogen peroxide production, and enrichment of TaHAG1 triggered increased H3 acetylation and transcriptional upregulation of these loci under salt stress. In addition, we found the salinity-induced TaHAG1-mediated ROS production pathway is involved in salt tolerance difference of wheat accessions with varying ploidy. Our findings provide insight into the molecular mechanism of how an epigenetic regulatory factor facilitates adaptability of polyploidy wheat and highlights this epigenetic modulator as a strategy for salt tolerance breeding in bread wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jingchen Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xingbei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Wei Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jinpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yujiao Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Kexin An
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Wanjun Song
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Mingming Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yingyin Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Huiru Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Qixin Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhaorong Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
- Author for communication:
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Cobb JN, Chen C, Shi Y, Maron LG, Liu D, Rutzke M, Greenberg A, Craft E, Shaff J, Paul E, Akther K, Wang S, Kochian LV, Zhang D, Zhang M, McCouch SR. Genetic architecture of root and shoot ionomes in rice (Oryza sativa L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:2613-2637. [PMID: 34018019 PMCID: PMC8277617 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03848-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Association analysis for ionomic concentrations of 20 elements identified independent genetic factors underlying the root and shoot ionomes of rice, providing a platform for selecting and dissecting causal genetic variants. Understanding the genetic basis of mineral nutrient acquisition is key to fully describing how terrestrial organisms interact with the non-living environment. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) serves both as a model organism for genetic studies and as an important component of the global food system. Studies in rice ionomics have primarily focused on above ground tissues evaluated from field-grown plants. Here, we describe a comprehensive study of the genetic basis of the rice ionome in both roots and shoots of 6-week-old rice plants for 20 elements using a controlled hydroponics growth system. Building on the wealth of publicly available rice genomic resources, including a panel of 373 diverse rice lines, 4.8 M genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms, single- and multi-marker analysis pipelines, an extensive tome of 321 candidate genes and legacy QTLs from across 15 years of rice genetics literature, we used genome-wide association analysis and biparental QTL analysis to identify 114 genomic regions associated with ionomic variation. The genetic basis for root and shoot ionomes was highly distinct; 78 loci were associated with roots and 36 loci with shoots, with no overlapping genomic regions for the same element across tissues. We further describe the distribution of phenotypic variation across haplotypes and identify candidate genes within highly significant regions associated with sulfur, manganese, cadmium, and molybdenum. Our analysis provides critical insight into the genetic basis of natural phenotypic variation for both root and shoot ionomes in rice and provides a comprehensive resource for dissecting and testing causal genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua N Cobb
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853-1901, USA
- RiceTec Inc, Alvin, TX, 77511, USA
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2054, USA
- Ausy Consulting, Esperantolaan 8, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Yuxin Shi
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853-1901, USA
| | - Lyza G Maron
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853-1901, USA
| | - Danni Liu
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2054, USA
| | - Mike Rutzke
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853-1901, USA
| | - Anthony Greenberg
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853-1901, USA
- Bayesic Research, LLC, 452 Sheffield Rd, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Eric Craft
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853-1901, USA
| | - Jon Shaff
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, NY, 14853-1901, USA
| | - Edyth Paul
- GeneFlow, Inc, Centreville, VA, 20120, USA
| | - Kazi Akther
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853-1901, USA
| | - Shaokui Wang
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853-1901, USA
- Department of Plant Breeding, South China Agriculture University, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Leon V Kochian
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, NY, 14853-1901, USA
- Global Institute for Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 4J8, Canada
| | - Dabao Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2054, USA
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2054, USA.
| | - Susan R McCouch
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853-1901, USA.
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A single residue deletion in the barley HKT1;5 P189 variant restores plasma membrane localisation but not Na + conductance. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1863:183669. [PMID: 34139196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Leaf Na+ exclusion, mediated by plasma membrane-localised Class 1 High-affinity potassium (K+) Transporters (HKTs), is a key mechanism contributing to salinity tolerance of several major crop plants. We determined previously that the leucine to proline residue substitution at position 189 (L189P) in barley HvHKT1;5 disrupts its characteristic plasma membrane localisation and Na+ conductance. Here, we focus on a surprising observation that a single residue deletion of methionine at position 372 (M372del) within the conserved VMMYL motif in plant HKTs, restores plasma membrane localisation but not Na+ conductance in HvHKT1;5 P189. To clarify why the singular M372 deletion regains plasma membrane localisation, we built 3D models and defined α-helical assembly pathways of the P189 M372del mutant, and compared these findings to the wild-type protein, and the HvHKT1;5 L189 variant and its M372del mutant. We find that α-helical association and assembly pathways in HvHKT1;5 proteins fall in two contrasting categories. Inspections of structural flexibility through molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the conformational states of HvHKT1;5 P189 diverge from those of the L189 variant and M372del mutants. We propose that M372del in HvHKT1;5 P189 instigates structural rearrangements allowing routing to the plasma membrane, while the restoration of conductance would require further interventions. We integrate the microscopy, electrophysiology, and biocomputational data and discuss how a profound structural change in HvHKT1;5 P189 M372del impacts its α-helical protein association pathway and flexibility, and how these features underlie a delicate balance leading to restoring plasma membrane localisation but not Na+ conductance.
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Quan X, Liu J, Zhang N, Xie C, Li H, Xia X, He W, Qin Y. Genome-Wide Association Study Uncover the Genetic Architecture of Salt Tolerance-Related Traits in Common Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Front Genet 2021; 12:663941. [PMID: 34093656 PMCID: PMC8172982 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.663941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is a serious threat to wheat yield affecting sustainable agriculture. Although salt tolerance is important for plant establishment at seedling stage, its genetic architecture remains unclear. In the present study, we have evaluated eight salt tolerance-related traits at seedling stage and identified the loci for salt tolerance by genome-wide association study (GWAS). This GWAS panel comprised 317 accessions and was genotyped with the wheat 90 K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip. In total, 37 SNPs located at 16 unique loci were identified, and each explained 6.3 to 18.6% of the phenotypic variations. Among these, six loci were overlapped with previously reported genes or quantitative trait loci, whereas the other 10 were novel. Besides, nine loci were detected for two or more traits, indicating that the salt-tolerance genetic architecture is complex. Furthermore, five candidate genes were identified for salt tolerance-related traits, including kinase family protein, E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase-like protein, and transmembrane protein. SNPs identified in this study and the accessions with more favorable alleles could further enhance salt tolerance in wheat breeding. Our results are useful for uncovering the genetic mechanism of salt tolerance in wheat at seeding stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Quan
- Department of Biological Science, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Jindong Liu
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Biological Science, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Chunjuan Xie
- Department of Biological Science, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Department of Biological Science, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Xianchun Xia
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxing He
- Department of Biological Science, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Yuxiang Qin
- Department of Biological Science, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
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CC-type glutaredoxin, OsGrx_C7 plays a crucial role in enhancing protection against salt stress in rice. J Biotechnol 2021; 329:192-203. [PMID: 33610657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the critical issue worldwide that adversely affect soil fertility. Salt stress significantly limits crop yield and grain quality; therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a strategy to improve salt stress tolerance. In present study, we reported that rice glutaredoxin (OsGrx_C7) plays a positive response in salt induced stress. Gene expression analysis, silencing, and overexpression of OsGrx_C7 gene were used to discover the role of OsGrx_C7 in response to salt stress. Gene expression analysis suggested that OsGrx_C7 expression was induced under salt stress and ubiquitously expressed in rice including root and shoot. The silencing of osgrx_c7 gene leads to increased sensitivity to salt stress, indicating its importance in salt stress tolerance. A gain-of-function approach showed that OsGrx_C7 may act as an important determinant in salt stress, compared with WT, and revealed higher biomass accumulation, improved root and plant growth under salt stress. Under salt stress condition, OsGrx_C7 overexpressing rice plants showed lower level of lipid peroxidation and Na+/K+ ratio, while proline accumulation, soluble sugar content and GSH/GSSG ratio was higher compared to WT. Furthermore, expression analysis suggested that OsGrx_C7 acted as positive regulator of salt tolerance by reinforcing the expression of transporters (OsHKT2;1, OsHKT1;5 and OsSOS1) engaged in Na+ homeostasis in overexpressing plants. Overall our study revealed that OsGrx_C7 emerged as a key mediator in response to salt stress in rice and could be used for engineering tolerance against salt stress in rice and other crops.
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Plant HKT Channels: An Updated View on Structure, Function and Gene Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041892. [PMID: 33672907 PMCID: PMC7918770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
HKT channels are a plant protein family involved in sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) uptake and Na+-K+ homeostasis. Some HKTs underlie salt tolerance responses in plants, while others provide a mechanism to cope with short-term K+ shortage by allowing increased Na+ uptake under K+ starvation conditions. HKT channels present a functionally versatile family divided into two classes, mainly based on a sequence polymorphism found in the sequences underlying the selectivity filter of the first pore loop. Physiologically, most class I members function as sodium uniporters, and class II members as Na+/K+ symporters. Nevertheless, even within these two classes, there is a high functional diversity that, to date, cannot be explained at the molecular level. The high complexity is also reflected at the regulatory level. HKT expression is modulated at the level of transcription, translation, and functionality of the protein. Here, we summarize and discuss the structure and conservation of the HKT channel family from algae to angiosperms. We also outline the latest findings on gene expression and the regulation of HKT channels.
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Karahara I, Horie T. Functions and structure of roots and their contributions to salinity tolerance in plants. BREEDING SCIENCE 2021; 71:89-108. [PMID: 33762879 PMCID: PMC7973495 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.20123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is an increasing threat to the productivity of glycophytic crops worldwide. The root plays vital roles under various stress conditions, including salinity, as well as has diverse functions in non-stress soil environments. In this review, we focus on the essential functions of roots such as in ion homeostasis mediated by several different membrane transporters and signaling molecules under salinity stress and describe recent advances in the impacts of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) or genetic loci (and their causal genes, if applicable) on salinity tolerance. Furthermore, we introduce important literature for the development of barriers against the apoplastic flow of ions, including Na+, as well as for understanding the functions and components of the barrier structure under salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichirou Karahara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Horie
- Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
- Corresponding author (e-mail: )
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Agro-Physiologic Responses and Stress-Related Gene Expression of Four Doubled Haploid Wheat Lines under Salinity Stress Conditions. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10010056. [PMID: 33466713 PMCID: PMC7828821 DOI: 10.3390/biology10010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Productivity of wheat can be enhanced using salt-tolerant genotypes. However, the assessment of salt tolerance potential in wheat through agro-physiological traits and stress-related gene expression analysis could potentially minimize the cost of breeding programs and be a powerful way for the selection of the most salt-tolerant genotype. The study evaluated the salt tolerance potential of four doubled haploid lines of wheat and compared them with the check cultivar Sakha-93 using an extensive set of agro-physiologic parameters and salt-stress-related gene expressions. The results indicated that the five genotypes tested displayed reduction in all traits evaluated except the canopy temperature and electrical conductivity, which had the greatest decline occurring in the check cultivar and the least decline in DHL2. The genotypes DHL21 and DHL5 exhibited increased expression rate of salt-stress-related genes under salt stress conditions. The multiple linear regression model and path coefficient analysis showed a coefficient of determination of 0.93. Concluding, the number of spikelets, and/or number of kernels were identified to be unbiased traits for assessing wheat DHLs under salinity conditions, given their contribution and direct impact on the grain yield. Moreover, the two most salt-tolerant genotypes DHL2 and DHL21 can be useful as genetic resources for future breeding programs. Abstract Salinity majorly hinders horizontal and vertical expansion in worldwide wheat production. Productivity can be enhanced using salt-tolerant wheat genotypes. However, the assessment of salt tolerance potential in bread wheat doubled haploid lines (DHL) through agro-physiological traits and stress-related gene expression analysis could potentially minimize the cost of breeding programs and be a powerful way for the selection of the most salt-tolerant genotype. We used an extensive set of agro-physiologic parameters and salt-stress-related gene expressions. Multivariate analysis was used to detect phenotypic and genetic variations of wheat genotypes more closely under salinity stress, and we analyzed how these strategies effectively balance each other. Four doubled haploid lines (DHLs) and the check cultivar (Sakha93) were evaluated in two salinity levels (without and 150 mM NaCl) until harvest. The five genotypes showed reduced growth under 150 mM NaCl; however, the check cultivar (Sakha93) died at the beginning of the flowering stage. Salt stress induced reduction traits, except the canopy temperature and initial electrical conductivity, which was found in each of the five genotypes, with the greatest decline occurring in the check cultivar (Sakha-93) and the least decline in DHL2. The genotypes DHL21 and DHL5 exhibited increased expression rate of salt-stress-related genes (TaNHX1, TaHKT1, and TaCAT1) compared with DHL2 and Sakha93 under salt stress conditions. Principle component analysis detection of the first two components explains 70.78% of the overall variation of all traits (28 out of 32 traits). A multiple linear regression model and path coefficient analysis showed a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.93. The models identified two interpretive variables, number of spikelets, and/or number of kernels, which can be unbiased traits for assessing wheat DHLs under salinity stress conditions, given their contribution and direct impact on the grain yield.
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