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Pagliaro P, Weber NC, Femminò S, Alloatti G, Penna C. Gasotransmitters and noble gases in cardioprotection: unraveling molecular pathways for future therapeutic strategies. Basic Res Cardiol 2024; 119:509-544. [PMID: 38878210 PMCID: PMC11319428 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-024-01061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Despite recent progress, ischemic heart disease poses a persistent global challenge, driving significant morbidity and mortality. The pursuit of therapeutic solutions has led to the emergence of strategies such as ischemic preconditioning, postconditioning, and remote conditioning to shield the heart from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). These ischemic conditioning approaches, applied before, after, or at a distance from the affected organ, inspire future therapeutic strategies, including pharmacological conditioning. Gasotransmitters, comprising nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide, play pivotal roles in physiological and pathological processes, exhibiting shared features such as smooth muscle relaxation, antiapoptotic effects, and anti-inflammatory properties. Despite potential risks at high concentrations, physiological levels of gasotransmitters induce vasorelaxation and promote cardioprotective effects. Noble gases, notably argon, helium, and xenon, exhibit organ-protective properties by reducing cell death, minimizing infarct size, and enhancing functional recovery in post-ischemic organs. The protective role of noble gases appears to hinge on their modulation of molecular pathways governing cell survival, leading to both pro- and antiapoptotic effects. Among noble gases, helium and xenon emerge as particularly promising in the field of cardioprotection. This overview synthesizes our current understanding of the roles played by gasotransmitters and noble gases in the context of MIRI and cardioprotection. In addition, we underscore potential future developments involving the utilization of noble gases and gasotransmitter donor molecules in advancing cardioprotective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Pagliaro
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO), Italy.
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Nina C Weber
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology-L.E.I.C.A, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science (ACS), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saveria Femminò
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO), Italy
| | | | - Claudia Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO), Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), 40126, Bologna, Italy
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Power AS, Asamudo EU, Worthington LP, Alim CC, Parackal RE, Wallace RS, Ebenebe OV, Heller Brown J, Kohr MJ, Bers DM, Erickson JR. Nitric Oxide Modulates Ca 2+ Leak and Arrhythmias via S-Nitrosylation of CaMKII. Circ Res 2023; 133:1040-1055. [PMID: 37961889 PMCID: PMC10699507 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) has been identified as a signaling molecule generated during β-adrenergic receptor stimulation in the heart. Furthermore, a role for NO in triggering spontaneous Ca2+ release via S-nitrosylation of CaMKIIδ (Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II delta) is emerging. NO donors are routinely used clinically for their cardioprotective effects on the heart, but it is unknown how NO donors modulate the proarrhythmic CaMKII to alter cardiac arrhythmia incidence. We test the role of S-nitrosylation of CaMKIIδ at the Cysteine-273 inhibitory site and cysteine-290 activating site in cardiac Ca2+ handling and arrhythmogenesis before and during β-adrenergic receptor stimulation. METHODS We measured Ca2+-handling in isolated cardiomyocytes from C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) mice and mice lacking CaMKIIδ expression (CaMKIIδ-KO) or with deletion of the S-nitrosylation site on CaMKIIδ at cysteine-273 or cysteine-290 (CaMKIIδ-C273S and -C290A knock-in mice). Cardiomyocytes were exposed to NO donors, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO; 150 μM), sodium nitroprusside (200 μM), and β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol (100 nmol/L). RESULTS Both WT and CaMKIIδ-KO cardiomyocytes responded to isoproterenol with a full inotropic and lusitropic Ca2+ transient response as well as increased Ca2+ spark frequency. However, the increase in Ca2+ spark frequency was significantly attenuated in CaMKIIδ-KO cardiomyocytes. The protection from isoproterenol-induced Ca2+ sparks and waves was mimicked by GSNO pretreatment in WT cardiomyocytes but lost in CaMKIIδ-C273S cardiomyocytes. When GSNO was applied after isoproterenol, this protection was not observed in WT or CaMKIIδ-C273S but was apparent in CaMKIIδ-C290A. In Langendorff-perfused isolated hearts, GSNO pretreatment limited isoproterenol-induced arrhythmias in WT but not CaMKIIδ-C273S hearts, while GSNO exposure after isoproterenol sustained or exacerbated arrhythmic events. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that prior S-nitrosylation of CaMKIIδ at cysteine-273 can limit subsequent β-adrenergic receptor-induced arrhythmias, but that S-nitrosylation at cysteine-290 might worsen or sustain β-adrenergic receptor-induced arrhythmias. This has important implications for the administration of NO donors in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia S. Power
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (A.S.P., E.U.A., L.P.I.W., R.E.P., R.S.W., J.R.E.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, New Zealand (A.S.P.)
| | - Esther U. Asamudo
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (A.S.P., E.U.A., L.P.I.W., R.E.P., R.S.W., J.R.E.)
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis (E.U.A., C.C.A., D.M.B.)
| | - Luke P.I. Worthington
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (A.S.P., E.U.A., L.P.I.W., R.E.P., R.S.W., J.R.E.)
| | - Chidera C. Alim
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis (E.U.A., C.C.A., D.M.B.)
| | - Raquel E. Parackal
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (A.S.P., E.U.A., L.P.I.W., R.E.P., R.S.W., J.R.E.)
| | - Rachel S. Wallace
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (A.S.P., E.U.A., L.P.I.W., R.E.P., R.S.W., J.R.E.)
| | - Obialunanma V. Ebenebe
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (O.V.E., M.J.K.)
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (J.H.B.)
| | - Mark J. Kohr
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (O.V.E., M.J.K.)
| | - Donald M. Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis (E.U.A., C.C.A., D.M.B.)
| | - Jeffrey R. Erickson
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (A.S.P., E.U.A., L.P.I.W., R.E.P., R.S.W., J.R.E.)
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Panneerselvan P, Vasanthakumar K, Muthuswamy K, Krishnan V, Subramaniam S. Insights on the functional dualism of nitric oxide in the hallmarks of cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189001. [PMID: 37858621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous radical, governs a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including cancer, pro-inflammatory signalling, and vasodilation. The family of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), which comprises the constitutive forms, nNOS and eNOS, and the inducible form, iNOS, produces NO enzymatically. Additionally, NO can be generated non-enzymatically from the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. The anti- and pro-oxidant properties of NO and its functional dualism in cancer is due to its highly reactive nature. Numerous malignancies have NOS expression, which interferes with the tumour microenvironment to modulate the tumour's growth in both favourable and unfavourable ways. NO regulates a number of mechanisms in the tumour microenvironment, including metabolism, cell cycle, DNA repair, angiogenesis, and apoptosis/necrosis, depending on its concentration and spatiotemporal profile. This review focuses on the bi-modal impact of nitric oxide on the alteration of a few cancer hallmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Panneerselvan
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Keerthana Vasanthakumar
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Karthi Muthuswamy
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Vasanth Krishnan
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Selvakumar Subramaniam
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India.
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Andrabi SM, Sharma NS, Karan A, Shahriar SMS, Cordon B, Ma B, Xie J. Nitric Oxide: Physiological Functions, Delivery, and Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303259. [PMID: 37632708 PMCID: PMC10602574 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous molecule that has a central role in signaling pathways involved in numerous physiological processes (e.g., vasodilation, neurotransmission, inflammation, apoptosis, and tumor growth). Due to its gaseous form, NO has a short half-life, and its physiology role is concentration dependent, often restricting its function to a target site. Providing NO from an external source is beneficial in promoting cellular functions and treatment of different pathological conditions. Hence, the multifaceted role of NO in physiology and pathology has garnered massive interest in developing strategies to deliver exogenous NO for the treatment of various regenerative and biomedical complexities. NO-releasing platforms or donors capable of delivering NO in a controlled and sustained manner to target tissues or organs have advanced in the past few decades. This review article discusses in detail the generation of NO via the enzymatic functions of NO synthase as well as from NO donors and the multiple biological and pathological processes that NO modulates. The methods for incorporating of NO donors into diverse biomaterials including physical, chemical, or supramolecular techniques are summarized. Then, these NO-releasing platforms are highlighted in terms of advancing treatment strategies for various medical problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Muntazir Andrabi
- Department of Surgery‐Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine ProgramCollege of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE68198USA
| | - Navatha Shree Sharma
- Department of Surgery‐Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine ProgramCollege of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE68198USA
| | - Anik Karan
- Department of Surgery‐Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine ProgramCollege of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE68198USA
| | - S. M. Shatil Shahriar
- Department of Surgery‐Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine ProgramCollege of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE68198USA
| | - Brent Cordon
- Department of Surgery‐Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine ProgramCollege of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE68198USA
| | - Bing Ma
- Cell Therapy Manufacturing FacilityMedStar Georgetown University HospitalWashington, DC2007USA
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Surgery‐Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine ProgramCollege of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE68198USA
- Department of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of Nebraska LincolnLincolnNE68588USA
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Haugsten Hansen M, Sadredini M, Hasic A, Eriksen M, Stokke MK. Myocardial oxidative stress is increased in early reperfusion, but systemic antioxidative therapy does not prevent ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmias in pigs. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1223496. [PMID: 37823177 PMCID: PMC10562584 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1223496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Arrhythmias in the early phase of reperfusion after myocardial infarction (MI) are common, and can lead to hemodynamic instability or even cardiac arrest. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to play a key role in the underlying mechanisms, but evidence from large animal models is scarce, and effects of systemic antioxidative treatment remain contentious. Methods MI was induced in 7 male and 7 female pigs (Norwegian landrace, 35-40 kg) by clamping of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) during open thorax surgery. Ischemia was maintained for 90 min, before observation for 1 h after reperfusion. Pigs were randomized 1:1 in an operator-blinded fashion to receive either i.v. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) from 70 min of ischemia and onwards, or 0.9% NaCl as a control. Blood samples and tissue biopsies were collected at baseline, 60 min of ischemia, and 5 and 60 min of reperfusion. ECG and invasive blood pressure were monitored throughout. Results The protocol was completed in 11 pigs. Oxidative stress, as indicated by immunoblotting for Malondialdehyde in myocardial biopsies, was increased at 5 min of reperfusion compared to baseline, but not at 60 min of reperfusion, and not reduced with NAC. We found no significant differences in circulating biomarkers of myocardial necrosis, nor in the incidence of idioventricular rhythm (IVR), non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT), ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) between NAC-treated and control pigs during reperfusion. Conclusion Myocardial oxidation was increased early after reperfusion in a porcine model of MI, but systemic antioxidative treatment did not protect against reperfusion arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Haugsten Hansen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mani Sadredini
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Almira Hasic
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Morten Eriksen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mathis Korseberg Stokke
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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Dridi H, Santulli G, Bahlouli L, Miotto MC, Weninger G, Marks AR. Mitochondrial Calcium Overload Plays a Causal Role in Oxidative Stress in the Failing Heart. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1409. [PMID: 37759809 PMCID: PMC10527470 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a serious global health challenge, affecting more than 6.2 million people in the United States and is projected to reach over 8 million by 2030. Independent of etiology, failing hearts share common features, including defective calcium (Ca2+) handling, mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, and oxidative stress. In cardiomyocytes, Ca2+ not only regulates excitation-contraction coupling, but also mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress signaling, thereby controlling the function and actual destiny of the cell. Understanding the mechanisms of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and the molecular pathways involved in the regulation of increased mitochondrial Ca2+ influx is an ongoing challenge in order to identify novel therapeutic targets to alleviate the burden of heart failure. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms underlying altered mitochondrial Ca2+ handling in heart failure and the potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haikel Dridi
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; (L.B.); (M.C.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Laith Bahlouli
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; (L.B.); (M.C.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Marco C. Miotto
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; (L.B.); (M.C.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Gunnar Weninger
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; (L.B.); (M.C.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Andrew R. Marks
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; (L.B.); (M.C.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.M.)
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Dries E, Gilbert G, Roderick HL, Sipido KR. The ryanodine receptor microdomain in cardiomyocytes. Cell Calcium 2023; 114:102769. [PMID: 37390591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR) is a key player in Ca2+ handling during excitation-contraction coupling. During each heartbeat, RyR channels are responsible for linking the action potential with the contractile machinery of the cardiomyocyte by releasing Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. RyR function is fine-tuned by associated signalling molecules, arrangement in clusters and subcellular localization. These parameters together define RyR function within microdomains and are subject to disease remodelling. This review describes the latest findings on RyR microdomain organization, the alterations with disease which result in increased subcellular heterogeneity and emergence of microdomains with enhanced arrhythmogenic potential, and presents novel technologies that guide future research to study and target RyR channels within specific microdomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eef Dries
- Lab of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Guillaume Gilbert
- Lab of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratoire ORPHY EA 4324, Université de Brest, Brest, France
| | - H Llewelyn Roderick
- Lab of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karin R Sipido
- Lab of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Power AS, Asamudo E, Worthington LPI, Alim CC, Parackal R, Wallace RS, Ebenebe OV, Brown JH, Kohr MJ, Bers DM, Erickson JR. Nitric Oxide modulates spontaneous Ca 2+ release and ventricular arrhythmias during β-adrenergic signalling through S-nitrosylation of Calcium/Calmodulin dependent kinase II. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.23.554546. [PMID: 37662205 PMCID: PMC10473710 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.23.554546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Rationale Nitric oxide (NO) has been identified as a signalling molecule generated during β-adrenergic receptor (AR) stimulation in the heart. Furthermore, a role for NO in triggering spontaneous Ca2+ release via S-nitrosylation of Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II delta (CaMKIIδ) is emerging. NO donors are routinely used clinically for their cardioprotective effects in the heart, but it is unknown how NO donors modulate the pro-arrhythmic CaMKII to alter cardiac arrhythmia incidence. Objective We test the role of S-nitrosylation of CaMKIIδ at the Cys-273 inhibitory site and Cys-290 activating site in cardiac Ca2+ handling and arrhythmogenesis before and during β-AR stimulation. Methods and Results We measured Ca2+-handling in isolated cardiomyocytes from C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) mice and mice lacking CaMKIIδ expression (CaMKIIδ-KO) or with deletion of the S-nitrosylation site on CaMKIIδ at Cys-273 or Cys-290 (CaMKIIδ-C273S and -C290A knock-in mice). Cardiomyocytes were exposed to NO donors, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO; 150 μM), sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 200 μM) and/or β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol (ISO; 100 nM). WT and CaMKIIδ-KO cardiomyocytes treated with GSNO showed no change in Ca2+ transient or spark properties under baseline conditions (0.5 Hz stimulation frequency). Both WT and CaMKIIδ-KO cardiomyocytes responded to ISO with a full inotropic and lusitropic Ca2+ transient response as well as increased Ca2+ spark frequency. However, the increase in Ca2+ spark frequency was significantly attenuated in CaMKIIδ-KO cardiomyocytes. The protection from ISO-induced Ca2+ sparks and waves was mimicked by GSNO pre-treatment in WT cardiomyocytes, but lost in CaMKIIδ-C273S cardiomyocytes that displayed a robust increase in Ca2+ waves. This observation is consistent with CaMKIIδ-C273 S-nitrosylation being critical in limiting ISO-induced arrhythmogenic sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak. When GSNO was applied after ISO this protection was not observed in WT or CaMKIIδ-C273S but was apparent in CaMKIIδ-C290A. In Langendorff-perfused isolated hearts, GSNO pre-treatment limited ISO-induced arrhythmias in WT but not CaMKIIδ-C273S hearts, while GSNO exposure after ISO sustained or exacerbated arrhythmic events. Conclusions We conclude that prior S-nitrosylation of CaMKIIδ at Cys-273 can limit subsequent β-AR induced arrhythmias, but that S-nitrosylation at Cys-290 might worsen or sustain β-AR-induced arrhythmias. This has important implications for the administration of NO donors in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia S. Power
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Esther Asamudo
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis
| | | | | | - Raquel Parackal
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rachel S. Wallace
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Obialunanma V. Ebenebe
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Mark J. Kohr
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Donald M. Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis
| | - Jeffrey R. Erickson
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Kong X, Belbachir N, Zeng W, Yan CD, Navada S, Perez MV, Wu JC. Generation of two induced pluripotent stem cell lines from catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia patients carrying RYR2 mutations. Stem Cell Res 2023; 69:103111. [PMID: 37210947 PMCID: PMC11059235 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a congenital arrhythmic syndrome caused by the RYR2 gene encoded ryanodine receptor. Mutations on RYR2 are commonly associated with ventricular tachycardia after adrenergic stimulation, leading to lethal arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. We generated two human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from CPVT affected patients carrying single missense heterozygote RYR2 mutations, c.1082 G > A and c.100 A > C. Pluripotency and differentiation capability into derivatives of three germ layers were evaluated along with karyotype stability in the report. The generated patient-specific iPSC lines provide a reliable tool to investigate the CPVT phenotype and understand underlaying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Kong
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nadjet Belbachir
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Wenshu Zeng
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Sai Navada
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marco V Perez
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Jin X, Meletiou A, Chung J, Tilunaite A, Demydenko K, Dries E, Puertas RD, Amoni M, Tomar A, Claus P, Soeller C, Rajagopal V, Sipido K, Roderick HL. InsP 3R-RyR channel crosstalk augments sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ release and arrhythmogenic activity in post-MI pig cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 179:47-59. [PMID: 37003353 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+ transients (CaT) underlying cardiomyocyte (CM) contraction require efficient Ca2+ coupling between sarcolemmal Ca2+ channels and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) ryanodine receptor Ca2+ channels (RyR) for their generation; reduced coupling in disease contributes to diminished CaT and arrhythmogenic Ca2+ events. SR Ca2+ release also occurs via inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (InsP3R) in CM. While this pathway contributes negligeably to Ca2+ handling in healthy CM, rodent studies support a role in altered Ca2+ dynamics and arrhythmogenic Ca2+ release involving InsP3R crosstalk with RyRs in disease. Whether this mechanism persists in larger mammals with lower T-tubular density and coupling of RyRs is not fully resolved. We have recently shown an arrhythmogenic action of InsP3-induced Ca2+ release (IICR) in end stage human heart failure, often associated with underlying ischemic heart disease (IHD). How IICR contributes to early stages of disease is however not determined but highly relevant. To access this stage, we chose a porcine model of IHD, which shows substantial remodelling of the area adjacent to the infarct. In cells from this region, IICR preferentially augmented Ca2+ release from non-coupled RyR clusters that otherwise showed delayed activation during the CaT. IICR in turn synchronised Ca2+ release during the CaT but also induced arrhythmogenic delayed afterdepolarizations and action potentials. Nanoscale imaging identified co-clustering of InsP3Rs and RyRs, thereby allowing Ca2+-mediated channel crosstalk. Mathematical modelling supported and further delineated this mechanism of enhanced InsP3R-RyRs coupling in MI. Our findings highlight the role of InsP3R-RyR channel crosstalk in Ca2+ release and arrhythmia during post-MI remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna Meletiou
- Department of Physiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joshua Chung
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Cell Structure and Mechanobiology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Agne Tilunaite
- Cell Structure and Mechanobiology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Australia; Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Mathematics and Statistics, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kateryna Demydenko
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eef Dries
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rosa Doñate Puertas
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthew Amoni
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ashutosh Tomar
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Piet Claus
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Vijay Rajagopal
- Cell Structure and Mechanobiology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karin Sipido
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - H Llewelyn Roderick
- KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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11
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Gergs U, Jahn T, Schulz N, Großmann C, Rueckschloss U, Demus U, Buchwalow IB, Neumann J. Protein Phosphatase 2A Improves Cardiac Functional Response to Ischemia and Sepsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094688. [PMID: 35563079 PMCID: PMC9101092 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversible protein phosphorylation is a posttranslational modification of regulatory proteins involved in cardiac signaling pathways. Here, we focus on the role of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) for cardiac gene expression and stress response using a transgenic mouse model with cardiac myocyte-specific overexpression of the catalytic subunit of PP2A (PP2A-TG). Gene and protein expression were assessed under basal conditions by gene chip analysis and Western blotting. Some cardiac genes related to the cell metabolism and to protein phosphorylation such as kinases and phosphatases were altered in PP2A-TG compared to wild type mice (WT). As cardiac stressors, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis in vivo and a global cardiac ischemia in vitro (stop-flow isolated perfused heart model) were examined. Whereas the basal cardiac function was reduced in PP2A-TG as studied by echocardiography or as studied in the isolated work-performing heart, the acute LPS- or ischemia-induced cardiac dysfunction deteriorated less in PP2A-TG compared to WT. From the data, we conclude that increased PP2A activity may influence the acute stress tolerance of cardiac myocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Gergs
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, D-06097 Halle, Germany; (T.J.); (N.S.); (J.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-345-557-4093
| | - Tina Jahn
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, D-06097 Halle, Germany; (T.J.); (N.S.); (J.N.)
| | - Nico Schulz
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, D-06097 Halle, Germany; (T.J.); (N.S.); (J.N.)
| | - Claudia Großmann
- Julius-Bernstein-Institut für Physiologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, D-06097 Halle, Germany;
| | - Uwe Rueckschloss
- Institut für Anatomie und Zellbiologie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Uta Demus
- Gesellschaft zur Förderung von Medizin-, Bio-und Umwelttechnologien e. V., D-06120 Halle, Germany;
| | - Igor B. Buchwalow
- Institut für Hämatopathologie, D-22547 Hamburg, Germany;
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center for Molecular Morphology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Joachim Neumann
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, D-06097 Halle, Germany; (T.J.); (N.S.); (J.N.)
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12
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Reinhardt F, Beneke K, Pavlidou NG, Conradi L, Reichenspurner H, Hove-Madsen L, Molina CE. Abnormal Calcium Handling in Atrial Fibrillation Is Linked to Changes in Cyclic AMP Dependent Signaling. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113042. [PMID: 34831263 PMCID: PMC8616167 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Both, the decreased L-type Ca2+ current (ICa,L) density and increased spontaneous Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), have been associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that remodeling of 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) signaling is linked to these compartment-specific changes (up- or down-regulation) in Ca2+-handling. Perforated patch-clamp experiments were performed in atrial myocytes from 53 patients with AF and 104 patients in sinus rhythm (Ctl). A significantly higher frequency of transient inward currents (ITI) activated by spontaneous Ca2+ release was confirmed in myocytes from AF patients. Next, inhibition of PKA by H-89 promoted a stronger effect on the ITI frequency in these myocytes compared to myocytes from Ctl patients (7.6-fold vs. 2.5-fold reduction), while the β-agonist isoproterenol (ISO) caused a greater increase in Ctl patients (5.5-fold vs. 2.1-fold). ICa,L density was larger in myocytes from Ctl patients at baseline (p < 0.05). However, the effect of ISO on ICa,L density was only slightly stronger in AF than in Ctl myocytes (3.6-fold vs. 2.7-fold). Interestingly, a significant reduction of ICa,L and Ca2+ sparks was observed upon Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibition by KN-93, but this inhibition had no effect on ITI. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments showed that although AF promoted cytosolic desensitization to β-adrenergic stimulation, ISO increased cAMP to similar levels in both groups of patients in the L-type Ca2+ channel and ryanodine receptor compartments. Basal cAMP signaling also showed compartment-specific regulation by phosphodiesterases in atrial myocytes from 44 Ctl and 43 AF patients. Our results suggest that AF is associated with opposite changes in compartmentalized PKA/cAMP-dependent regulation of ICa,L (down-regulation) and ITI (up-regulation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Reinhardt
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg UKE, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.R.); (L.C.); (H.R.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (K.B.); (N.G.P.)
| | - Kira Beneke
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (K.B.); (N.G.P.)
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nefeli Grammatica Pavlidou
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (K.B.); (N.G.P.)
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lenard Conradi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg UKE, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.R.); (L.C.); (H.R.)
| | - Hermann Reichenspurner
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg UKE, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.R.); (L.C.); (H.R.)
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- Biomedical Research Institute Barcelona, IIBB-CSIC and IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Cristina E. Molina
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (K.B.); (N.G.P.)
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-407-4105-7095
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13
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Wright PT, Gorelik J, Harding SE. Electrophysiological Remodeling: Cardiac T-Tubules and ß-Adrenoceptors. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092456. [PMID: 34572106 PMCID: PMC8468945 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Beta-adrenoceptors (βAR) are often viewed as archetypal G-protein coupled receptors. Over the past fifteen years, investigations in cardiovascular biology have provided remarkable insights into this receptor family. These studies have shifted pharmacological dogma, from one which centralized the receptor to a new focus on structural micro-domains such as caveolae and t-tubules. Important studies have examined, separately, the structural compartmentation of ion channels and βAR. Despite links being assumed, relatively few studies have specifically examined the direct link between structural remodeling and electrical remodeling with a focus on βAR. In this review, we will examine the nature of receptor and ion channel dysfunction on a substrate of cardiomyocyte microdomain remodeling, as well as the likely ramifications for cardiac electrophysiology. We will then discuss the advances in methodologies in this area with a specific focus on super-resolution microscopy, fluorescent imaging, and new approaches involving microdomain specific, polymer-based agonists. The advent of powerful computational modelling approaches has allowed the science to shift from purely empirical work, and may allow future investigations based on prediction. Issues such as the cross-reactivity of receptors and cellular heterogeneity will also be discussed. Finally, we will speculate as to the potential developments within this field over the next ten years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter T. Wright
- School of Life & Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, Holybourne Avenue, London SW15 4JD, UK;
- Cardiac Section, National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK;
| | - Julia Gorelik
- Cardiac Section, National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK;
| | - Sian E. Harding
- Cardiac Section, National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK;
- Correspondence:
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14
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Belevych AE, Bogdanov V, Terentyev DA, Gyorke S. Acute Detubulation of Ventricular Myocytes Amplifies the Inhibitory Effect of Cholinergic Agonist on Intracellular Ca 2+ Transients. Front Physiol 2021; 12:725798. [PMID: 34512394 PMCID: PMC8427700 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.725798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscarinic receptors expressed in cardiac myocytes play a critical role in the regulation of heart function by the parasympathetic nervous system. How the structural organization of cardiac myocytes affects the regulation of Ca2+ handling by muscarinic receptors is not well-defined. Using confocal Ca2+ imaging, patch-clamp techniques, and immunocytochemistry, the relationship between t-tubule density and cholinergic regulation of intracellular Ca2+ in normal murine ventricular myocytes and myocytes with acute disruption of the t-tubule system caused by formamide treatment was studied. The inhibitory effect of muscarinic receptor agonist carbachol (CCh, 10 μM) on the amplitude of Ca2+ transients, evoked by field-stimulation in the presence of 100 nM isoproterenol (Iso), a β-adrenergic agonist, was directly proportional to the level of myocyte detubulation. The timing of the maximal rate of fluorescence increase of fluo-4, a Ca2+-sensitive dye, was used to classify image pixels into the regions functionally coupled or uncoupled to the sarcolemmal Ca2+ influx (ICa). CCh decreased the fraction of coupled regions and suppressed Ca2+ propagation from sarcolemma inside the cell. Formamide treatment reduced ICa density and decreased sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ content. CCh did not change SR Ca2+ content in Iso-stimulated control and formamide-treated myocytes. CCh inhibited peak ICa recorded in the presence of Iso by ∼20% in both the control and detubulated myocytes. Reducing ICa amplitude up to 40% by changing the voltage step levels from 0 to –25 mV decreased Ca2+ transients in formamide-treated but not in control myocytes in the presence of Iso. CCh inhibited CaMKII activity, whereas CaMKII inhibition with KN93 mimicked the effect of CCh on Ca2+ transients in formamide-treated myocytes. It was concluded that the downregulation of t-tubules coupled with the diminished efficiency of excitation–contraction coupling, increases the sensitivity of Ca2+ release and propagation to muscarinic receptor-mediated inhibition of both ICa and CaMKII activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy E Belevych
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Vladimir Bogdanov
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Dmitry A Terentyev
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sandor Gyorke
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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15
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Wang Q, Wang Y, West TM, Liu Y, Reddy GR, Barbagallo F, Xu B, Shi Q, Deng B, Wei W, Xiang YK. Carvedilol induces biased β1 adrenergic receptor-nitric oxide synthase 3-cyclic guanylyl monophosphate signalling to promote cardiac contractility. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:2237-2251. [PMID: 32956449 PMCID: PMC8502477 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS β-blockers are widely used in therapy for heart failure and hypertension. β-blockers are also known to evoke additional diversified pharmacological and physiological effects in patients. We aim to characterize the underlying molecular signalling and effects on cardiac inotropy induced by β-blockers in animal hearts. METHODS AND RESULTS Wild-type mice fed high-fat diet (HFD) were treated with carvedilol, metoprolol, or vehicle and echocardiogram analysis was performed. Heart tissues were used for biochemical and histological analyses. Cardiomyocytes were isolated from normal and HFD mice and rats for analysis of adrenergic signalling, calcium handling, contraction, and western blot. Biosensors were used to measure β-blocker-induced cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signal and protein kinase A activity in myocytes. Acute stimulation of myocytes with carvedilol promotes β1 adrenergic receptor (β1AR)- and protein kinase G (PKG)-dependent inotropic cardiac contractility with minimal increases in calcium amplitude. Carvedilol acts as a biased ligand to promote β1AR coupling to a Gi-PI3K-Akt-nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) cascade and induces robust β1AR-cGMP-PKG signal. Deletion of NOS3 selectively blocks carvedilol, but not isoproterenol-induced β1AR-dependent cGMP signal and inotropic contractility. Moreover, therapy with carvedilol restores inotropic contractility and sensitizes cardiac adrenergic reserves in diabetic mice with minimal impact in calcium signal, as well as reduced cell apoptosis and hypertrophy in diabetic hearts. CONCLUSION These observations present a novel β1AR-NOS3 signalling pathway to promote cardiac inotropy in the heart, indicating that this signalling paradigm may be targeted in therapy of heart diseases with reduced ejection fraction.
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MESH Headings
- Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Animals
- Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology
- Carvedilol/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclic GMP/metabolism
- Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Heart Diseases/drug therapy
- Heart Diseases/enzymology
- Heart Diseases/physiopathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Myocardial Contraction/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/genetics
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Rats
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1/drug effects
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1/metabolism
- Second Messenger Systems
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtong Wang
- The Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, 95616 CA, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, 95616 CA, USA
| | - Toni M West
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, 95616 CA, USA
| | - Yongming Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, 95616 CA, USA
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Gopireddy R Reddy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, 95616 CA, USA
| | - Federica Barbagallo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, 95616 CA, USA
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, 95616 CA, USA
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA
| | - Qian Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, 95616 CA, USA
| | - Bingqing Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, 95616 CA, USA
- Sun-Yet Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun-Yet Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wei Wei
- The Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yang K Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, 95616 CA, USA
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA
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16
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Izu L, Shimkunas R, Jian Z, Hegyi B, Kazemi-Lari M, Baker A, Shaw J, Banyasz T, Chen-Izu Y. Emergence of Mechano-Sensitive Contraction Autoregulation in Cardiomyocytes. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:503. [PMID: 34072584 PMCID: PMC8227646 DOI: 10.3390/life11060503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart has two intrinsic mechanisms to enhance contractile strength that compensate for increased mechanical load to help maintain cardiac output. When vascular resistance increases the ventricular chamber initially expands causing an immediate length-dependent increase of contraction force via the Frank-Starling mechanism. Additionally, the stress-dependent Anrep effect slowly increases contraction force that results in the recovery of the chamber volume towards its initial state. The Anrep effect poses a paradox: how can the cardiomyocyte maintain higher contractility even after the cell length has recovered its initial length? Here we propose a surface mechanosensor model that enables the cardiomyocyte to sense different mechanical stresses at the same mechanical strain. The cell-surface mechanosensor is coupled to a mechano-chemo-transduction feedback mechanism involving three elements: surface mechanosensor strain, intracellular Ca2+ transient, and cell strain. We show that in this simple yet general system, contractility autoregulation naturally emerges, enabling the cardiomyocyte to maintain contraction amplitude despite changes in a range of afterloads. These nontrivial model predictions have been experimentally confirmed. Hence, this model provides a new conceptual framework for understanding the contractility autoregulation in cardiomyocytes, which contributes to the heart's intrinsic adaptivity to mechanical load changes in health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leighton Izu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.S.); (Z.J.); (B.H.); (M.K.-L.); (T.B.); (Y.C.-I.)
| | - Rafael Shimkunas
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.S.); (Z.J.); (B.H.); (M.K.-L.); (T.B.); (Y.C.-I.)
| | - Zhong Jian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.S.); (Z.J.); (B.H.); (M.K.-L.); (T.B.); (Y.C.-I.)
| | - Bence Hegyi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.S.); (Z.J.); (B.H.); (M.K.-L.); (T.B.); (Y.C.-I.)
| | - Mohammad Kazemi-Lari
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.S.); (Z.J.); (B.H.); (M.K.-L.); (T.B.); (Y.C.-I.)
| | - Anthony Baker
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA;
| | - John Shaw
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Tamas Banyasz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.S.); (Z.J.); (B.H.); (M.K.-L.); (T.B.); (Y.C.-I.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ye Chen-Izu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.S.); (Z.J.); (B.H.); (M.K.-L.); (T.B.); (Y.C.-I.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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17
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De Smet MA, Lissoni A, Nezlobinsky T, Wang N, Dries E, Pérez-Hernández M, Lin X, Amoni M, Vervliet T, Witschas K, Rothenberg E, Bultynck G, Schulz R, Panfilov AV, Delmar M, Sipido KR, Leybaert L. Cx43 hemichannel microdomain signaling at the intercalated disc enhances cardiac excitability. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:137752. [PMID: 33621213 DOI: 10.1172/jci137752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cx43, a major cardiac connexin, forms precursor hemichannels that accrue at the intercalated disc to assemble as gap junctions. While gap junctions are crucial for electrical conduction in the heart, little is known about the potential roles of hemichannels. Recent evidence suggests that inhibiting Cx43 hemichannel opening with Gap19 has antiarrhythmic effects. Here, we used multiple electrophysiology, imaging, and super-resolution techniques to understand and define the conditions underlying Cx43 hemichannel activation in ventricular cardiomyocytes, their contribution to diastolic Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and their impact on electrical stability. We showed that Cx43 hemichannels were activated during diastolic Ca2+ release in single ventricular cardiomyocytes and cardiomyocyte cell pairs from mice and pigs. This activation involved Cx43 hemichannel Ca2+ entry and coupling to Ca2+ release microdomains at the intercalated disc, resulting in enhanced Ca2+ dynamics. Hemichannel opening furthermore contributed to delayed afterdepolarizations and triggered action potentials. In single cardiomyocytes, cardiomyocyte cell pairs, and arterially perfused tissue wedges from failing human hearts, increased hemichannel activity contributed to electrical instability compared with nonfailing rejected donor hearts. We conclude that microdomain coupling between Cx43 hemichannels and Ca2+ release is a potentially novel, targetable mechanism of cardiac arrhythmogenesis in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Aj De Smet
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and
| | - Alessio Lissoni
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Timur Nezlobinsky
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory of Computational Biology and Medicine, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Nan Wang
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eef Dries
- Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marta Pérez-Hernández
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xianming Lin
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthew Amoni
- Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Vervliet
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katja Witschas
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eli Rothenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Geert Bultynck
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexander V Panfilov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory of Computational Biology and Medicine, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia.,Arrhythmia Department, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mario Delmar
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Karin R Sipido
- Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Leybaert
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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18
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Dries E, Amoni M, Vandenberk B, Johnson DM, Gilbert G, Nagaraju CK, Puertas RD, Abdesselem M, Santiago DJ, Roderick HL, Claus P, Willems R, Sipido KR. Altered adrenergic response in myocytes bordering a chronic myocardial infarction underlies in vivo triggered activity and repolarization instability. J Physiol 2020; 598:2875-2895. [PMID: 31900932 PMCID: PMC7496440 DOI: 10.1113/jp278839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Key points Ventricular arrhythmias are a major complication after myocardial infarction (MI), associated with sympathetic activation. The structurally heterogeneous peri‐infarct zone is a known substrate, but the functional role of the myocytes is less well known. Recordings of monophasic action potentials in vivo reveal that the peri‐infarct zone is a source of delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs) and has a high beat‐to‐beat variability of repolarization (BVR) during adrenergic stimulation (isoproterenol, ISO). Myocytes isolated from the peri‐infarct region have more DADs and spontaneous action potentials, with spontaneous Ca2+ release, under ISO. These myocytes also have reduced repolarization reserve and increased BVR. Other properties of post‐MI remodelling are present in both peri‐infarct and remote myocytes. These data highlight the importance of altered myocyte adrenergic responses in the peri‐infarct region as source and substrate of post‐MI arrhythmias.
Abstract Ventricular arrhythmias are a major early complication after myocardial infarction (MI). The heterogeneous peri‐infarct zone forms a substrate for re‐entry while arrhythmia initiation is often associated with sympathetic activation. We studied the mechanisms triggering these post‐MI arrhythmias in vivo and their relation to regional myocyte remodelling. In pigs with chronic MI (6 weeks), in vivo monophasic action potentials were simultaneously recorded in the peri‐infarct and remote regions during adrenergic stimulation with isoproterenol (isoprenaline; ISO). Sham animals served as controls. During infusion of ISO in vivo, the incidence of delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs) and beat‐to‐beat variability of repolarization (BVR) was higher in the peri‐infarct than in the remote region. Myocytes isolated from the peri‐infarct region, in comparison to myocytes from the remote region, had more DADs, associated with spontaneous Ca2+ release, and a higher incidence of spontaneous action potentials (APs) when exposed to ISO (9.99 ± 4.2 vs. 0.16 ± 0.05 APs/min, p = 0.004); these were suppressed by CaMKII inhibition. Peri‐infarct myocytes also had reduced repolarization reserve and increased BVR (26 ± 10 ms vs. 9 ± 7 ms, P < 0.001), correlating with DAD activity. In contrast to these regional distinctions under ISO, alterations in Ca2+ handling at baseline and myocyte hypertrophy were present throughout the left ventricle (LV). Expression of some of the related genes was, however, different between the regions. In conclusion, altered myocyte adrenergic responses in the peri‐infarct but not the remote region provide a source of triggered activity in vivo and of repolarization instability amplifying the substrate for re‐entry. These findings stimulate further exploration of region‐specific therapies targeting myocytes and autonomic modulation. Ventricular arrhythmias are a major complication after myocardial infarction (MI), associated with sympathetic activation. The structurally heterogeneous peri‐infarct zone is a known substrate, but the functional role of the myocytes is less well known. Recordings of monophasic action potentials in vivo reveal that the peri‐infarct zone is a source of delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs) and has a high beat‐to‐beat variability of repolarization (BVR) during adrenergic stimulation (isoproterenol, ISO). Myocytes isolated from the peri‐infarct region have more DADs and spontaneous action potentials, with spontaneous Ca2+ release, under ISO. These myocytes also have reduced repolarization reserve and increased BVR. Other properties of post‐MI remodelling are present in both peri‐infarct and remote myocytes. These data highlight the importance of altered myocyte adrenergic responses in the peri‐infarct region as source and substrate of post‐MI arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eef Dries
- Experimental Cardiology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 911, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthew Amoni
- Experimental Cardiology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 911, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bert Vandenberk
- Experimental Cardiology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 911, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel M Johnson
- Experimental Cardiology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 911, Leuven, Belgium.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Guillaume Gilbert
- Experimental Cardiology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 911, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chandan K Nagaraju
- Experimental Cardiology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 911, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rosa Doñate Puertas
- Experimental Cardiology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 911, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mouna Abdesselem
- Experimental Cardiology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 911, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Demetrio J Santiago
- Experimental Cardiology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 911, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), C. Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - H Llewelyn Roderick
- Experimental Cardiology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 911, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Piet Claus
- Experimental Cardiology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 911, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Willems
- Experimental Cardiology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 911, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karin R Sipido
- Experimental Cardiology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 911, Leuven, Belgium
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19
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Dries E, Santiago DJ, Gilbert G, Lenaerts I, Vandenberk B, Nagaraju CK, Johnson DM, Holemans P, Roderick HL, Macquaide N, Claus P, Sipido KR. Hyperactive ryanodine receptors in human heart failure and ischaemic cardiomyopathy reside outside of couplons. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:1512-1524. [PMID: 29668881 PMCID: PMC6106102 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims In ventricular myocytes from humans and large mammals, the transverse and axial tubular system (TATS) network is less extensive than in rodents with consequently a greater proportion of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) not coupled to this membrane system. TATS remodelling in heart failure (HF) and after myocardial infarction (MI) increases the fraction of non-coupled RyRs. Here we investigate whether this remodelling alters the activity of coupled and non-coupled RyR sub-populations through changes in local signalling. We study myocytes from patients with end-stage HF, compared with non-failing (non-HF), and myocytes from pigs with MI and reduced left ventricular (LV) function, compared with sham intervention (SHAM). Methods and results Single LV myocytes for functional studies were isolated according to standard protocols. Immunofluorescent staining visualized organization of TATS and RyRs. Ca2+ was measured by confocal imaging (fluo-4 as indicator) and using whole-cell patch-clamp (37°C). Spontaneous Ca2+ release events, Ca2+ sparks, as a readout for RyR activity were recorded during a 15 s period following conditioning stimulation at 2 Hz. Sparks were assigned to cell regions categorized as coupled or non-coupled sites according to a previously developed method. Human HF myocytes had more non-coupled sites and these had more spontaneous activity than in non-HF. Hyperactivity of these non-coupled RyRs was reduced by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) inhibition. Myocytes from MI pigs had similar changes compared with SHAM controls as seen in human HF myocytes. As well as by CaMKII inhibition, in MI, the increased activity of non-coupled sites was inhibited by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mito-ROS) scavenging. Under adrenergic stimulation, Ca2+ waves were more frequent and originated at non-coupled sites, generating larger Na+/Ca2+ exchange currents in MI than in SHAM. Inhibition of CaMKII or mito-ROS scavenging reduced spontaneous Ca2+ waves, and improved excitation–contraction coupling. Conclusions In HF and after MI, RyR microdomain re-organization enhances spontaneous Ca2+ release at non-coupled sites in a manner dependent on CaMKII activation and mito-ROS production. This specific modulation generates a substrate for arrhythmia that appears to be responsive to selective pharmacologic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eef Dries
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat Leuven, Belgium
| | - Demetrio J Santiago
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Gilbert
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilse Lenaerts
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bert Vandenberk
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chandan K Nagaraju
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel M Johnson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patricia Holemans
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat Leuven, Belgium
| | - H Llewelyn Roderick
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat Leuven, Belgium
| | - Niall Macquaide
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat Leuven, Belgium
| | - Piet Claus
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karin R Sipido
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat Leuven, Belgium
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20
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Ladd D, Tilūnaitė A, Roderick HL, Soeller C, Crampin EJ, Rajagopal V. Assessing Cardiomyocyte Excitation-Contraction Coupling Site Detection From Live Cell Imaging Using a Structurally-Realistic Computational Model of Calcium Release. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1263. [PMID: 31632297 PMCID: PMC6783691 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium signaling plays a pivotal role in cardiomyocytes, coupling electrical excitation to mechanical contraction of the heart. Determining locations of active calcium release sites, and how their recruitment changes in response to stimuli and in disease states is therefore of central interest in cardiac physiology. Current algorithms for detecting release sites from live cell imaging data are however not easily validated against a known “ground truth,” which makes interpretation of the output of such algorithms, in particular the degree of confidence in site detection, a challenging task. Computational models are capable of integrating findings from multiple sources into a consistent, predictive framework. In cellular physiology, such models have the potential to reveal structure and function beyond the temporal and spatial resolution limitations of individual experimental measurements. Here, we create a spatially detailed computational model of calcium release in an eight sarcomere section of a ventricular cardiomyocyte, using electron tomography reconstruction of cardiac ultrastructure and confocal imaging of protein localization. This provides a high-resolution model of calcium diffusion from intracellular stores, which can be used as a platform to simulate confocal fluorescence imaging in the context of known ground truth structures from the higher resolution model. We use this capability to evaluate the performance of a recently proposed method for detecting the functional response of calcium release sites in live cells. Model permutations reveal how calcium release site density and mitochondria acting as diffusion barriers impact the detection performance of the algorithm. We demonstrate that site density has the greatest impact on detection precision and recall, in particular affecting the effective detectable depth of sites in confocal data. Our findings provide guidance on how such detection algorithms may best be applied to experimental data and give insights into limitations when using two-dimensional microscopy images to analyse three-dimensional cellular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ladd
- Systems Biology Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Cell Structure and Mechanobiology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Agnė Tilūnaitė
- Systems Biology Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - H Llewelyn Roderick
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christian Soeller
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Edmund J Crampin
- Systems Biology Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vijay Rajagopal
- Cell Structure and Mechanobiology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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21
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Oliver E, Mayor Jr F, D’Ocon P. Bloqueadores beta: perspectiva histórica y mecanismos de acción. Rev Esp Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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22
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Myofibroblast modulation of cardiac myocyte structure and function. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8879. [PMID: 31222006 PMCID: PMC6586929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45078-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
After myocardial infarction, resident fibroblasts (Fb) differentiate towards myofibroblasts (MyoFb), generating the scar tissue and the interstitial fibrosis seen in the adjacent myocardium. Fb and MyoFb have the potential to interact with cardiac myocytes (CMs) but insight into the phenotype-specific role and mode of interaction is still incomplete. Our objectives are to further define the modulation of CMs by MyoFbs compared to Fbs, as well as the role of direct contact through gap junctions vs. soluble mediators, using Fbs and CMs from pig left ventricle. Fbs were treated to maintain an undifferentiated state (SD-208) or to attain full differentiation to MyoFb (TGF-β1). Fbs and MyoFbs were co-cultured with CMs, with the possibility of direct contact or separated by a Thincert membrane. Only in direct co-culture, both Fbs and MyoFbs were able to decrease CM viability after 2 days. Only MyoFbs induced significant distal spreading of CMs in both direct and indirect co-culture. MyoFbs, but not Fbs, readily made connections with CMs in direct co-culture and connexin 43 expression in MyoFb was higher than in Fb. When coupled to CMs, MyoFbs reduced the CM action potential duration and hyperpolarized the CM resting membrane potential. Uncoupling reversed these effects. In conclusion, MyoFbs, but not Fbs, alter the CM structural phenotype. MyoFbs, but not Fbs, are likely to electrically connect to CMs and thereby modulate the CM membrane potential. These data provide further support for an active role of MyoFbs in the arrhythmogenic substrate after cardiac remodelling.
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23
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Oliver E, Mayor F, D'Ocon P. Beta-blockers: Historical Perspective and Mechanisms of Action. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 72:853-862. [PMID: 31178382 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Beta-blockers are widely used molecules that are able to antagonize β-adrenergic receptors (ARs), which belong to the G protein-coupled receptor family and receive their stimulus from endogenous catecholamines. Upon β-AR stimulation, numerous intracellular cascades are activated, ultimately leading to cardiac contraction or vascular dilation, depending on the relevant subtype and their location. Three subtypes have been described that are differentially expressed in the body (β1-, β2- and β3-ARs), β1 being the most abundant subtype in the heart. Since their discovery, β-ARs have become an important target to fight cardiovascular disease. In fact, since their discovery by James Black in the late 1950s, β-blockers have revolutionized the field of cardiovascular therapies. To date, 3 generations of drugs have been released: nonselective β-blockers, cardioselective β-blockers (selective β1-antagonists), and a third generation of these drugs able to block β1 together with extra vasodilation activity (also called vasodilating β-blockers) either by blocking α1- or by activating β3-AR. More than 50 years after propranolol was introduced to the market due to its ability to reduce heart rate and consequently myocardial oxygen demand in the event of an angina attack, β-blockers are still widely used in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Oliver
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Federico Mayor
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (UAM-CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar D'Ocon
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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24
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Zaitsev AV, Torres NS, Cawley KM, Sabry AD, Warren JS, Warren M. Conduction in the right and left ventricle is differentially regulated by protein kinases and phosphatases: implications for arrhythmogenesis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 316:H1507-H1527. [PMID: 30875259 PMCID: PMC6620685 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00660.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The "stress" kinases cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), phosphorylate the Na+ channel Nav1.5 subunit to regulate its function. However, how the channel regulation translates to ventricular conduction is poorly understood. We hypothesized that the stress kinases positively and differentially regulate conduction in the right (RV) and the left (LV) ventricles. We applied the CaMKII blocker KN93 (2.75 μM), PKA blocker H89 (10 μM), and broad-acting phosphatase blocker calyculin (30 nM) in rabbit hearts paced at a cycle length (CL) of 150-8,000 ms. We used optical mapping to determine the distribution of local conduction delays (inverse of conduction velocity). Control hearts exhibited constant and uniform conduction at all tested CLs. Calyculin (15-min perfusion) accelerated conduction, with greater effect in the RV (by 15.3%) than in the LV (by 4.1%; P < 0.05). In contrast, both KN93 and H89 slowed down conduction in a chamber-, time-, and CL-dependent manner, with the strongest effect in the RV outflow tract (RVOT). Combined KN93 and H89 synergistically promoted conduction slowing in the RV (KN93: 24.7%; H89: 29.9%; and KN93 + H89: 114.2%; P = 0.0016) but not the LV. The progressive depression of RV conduction led to conduction block and reentrant arrhythmias. Protein expression levels of both the CaMKII-δ isoform and the PKA catalytic subunit were higher in the RVOT than in the apical LV (P < 0.05). Thus normal RV conduction requires a proper balance between kinase and phosphatase activity. Dysregulation of this balance due to pharmacological interventions or disease is potentially proarrhythmic. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We show that uniform ventricular conduction requires a precise physiological balance of the activities of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), PKA, and phosphatases, which involves region-specific expression of CaMKII and PKA. Inhibiting CaMKII and/or PKA activity elicits nonuniform conduction depression, with the right ventricle becoming vulnerable to the development of conduction disturbances and ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Zaitsev
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Natalia S Torres
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Keiko M Cawley
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Amira D Sabry
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Junco S Warren
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mark Warren
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
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25
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Potenza DM, Janicek R, Fernandez-Tenorio M, Camors E, Ramos-Mondragón R, Valdivia HH, Niggli E. Phosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor 2 at serine 2030 is required for a complete β-adrenergic response. J Gen Physiol 2018; 151:131-145. [PMID: 30541771 PMCID: PMC6363414 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201812155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation is thought to play a role in modulation of the ryanodine receptor 2 channel. Using a S2030A knock-in mouse model, Potenza et al. reveal that phosphorylation of RyR2-S2030 mediates channel regulation during the β-adrenergic response. During physical exercise or stress, the sympathetic system stimulates cardiac contractility via β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) activation, resulting in protein kinase A (PKA)–mediated phosphorylation of the cardiac ryanodine receptor RyR2. PKA-dependent “hyperphosphorylation” of the RyR2 channel has been proposed as a major impairment that contributes to progression of heart failure. However, the sites of PKA phosphorylation and their phosphorylation status in cardiac diseases are not well defined. Among the known RyR2 phosphorylation sites, serine 2030 (S2030) remains highly controversial as a site of functional impact. We examined the contribution of RyR2-S2030 to Ca2+ signaling and excitation–contraction coupling (ECC) in a transgenic mouse with an ablated RyR2-S2030 phosphorylation site (RyR2-S2030A+/+). We assessed ECC gain by using whole-cell patch–clamp recordings and confocal Ca2+ imaging during β-ARs stimulation with isoproterenol (Iso) and consistent SR Ca2+ loading and L-type Ca2+ current (ICa) triggering. Under these conditions, ECC gain is diminished in mutant compared with WT cardiomyocytes. Resting Ca2+ spark frequency (CaSpF) with Iso is also reduced by mutation of S2030. In permeabilized cells, when SR Ca2+ pump activity is kept constant (using 2D12 antibody against phospholamban), cAMP does not change CaSpF in S2030A+/+ myocytes. Using Ca2+ spark recovery analysis, we found that mutant RyR Ca2+ sensitivity is not enhanced by Iso application, contrary to WT RyRs. Furthermore, ablation of RyR2-S2030 prevents acceleration of Ca2+ waves and increases latency to the first spontaneous Ca2+ release after a train of stimulations during Iso treatment. Together, these results suggest that phosphorylation at S2030 may represent an important step in the modulation of RyR2 activity during β-adrenergic stimulation and a potential target for the development of new antiarrhythmic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Camors
- Center for Arrhythmia Research, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Roberto Ramos-Mondragón
- Center for Arrhythmia Research, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Héctor H Valdivia
- Department of Medicine, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.,Center for Arrhythmia Research, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Ernst Niggli
- Department of Physiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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26
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Scardigli M, Ferrantini C, Crocini C, Pavone FS, Sacconi L. Interplay Between Sub-Cellular Alterations of Calcium Release and T-Tubular Defects in Cardiac Diseases. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1474. [PMID: 30410446 PMCID: PMC6209824 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Asynchronous Ca2+ release promotes non-homogeneous myofilament activation, leading to mechanical dysfunction, as well as initiation of propagated calcium waves and arrhythmias. Recent advances in microscopy techniques have allowed for optical recordings of local Ca2+ fluxes and action potentials from multiple sub-cellular domains within cardiac cells with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. Since then, sub-cellular local information of the spatio-temporal relationship between Ca2+ release and action potential propagation have been unlocked, providing novel mechanistic insights in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling (ECC). Here, we review the promising perspectives arouse from repeatedly probing Ca2+ release at the same sub-cellular location while simultaneously probing multiple locations at the same time within a single cardiac cell. We also compare the results obtained in three different rodent models of cardiac diseases, highlighting disease-specific mechanisms. Slower local Ca2+ release has been observed in regions with defective action potential conduction in diseased cardiac cells. Moreover, significant increment of Ca2+ variability (both in time and in space) has been found in diseased cardiac cells but does not directly correlate with local electrical defects nor with the degree of structural aberrations of the cellular membrane system, suggesting a role for other players of the ECC machinery. We finally explore exciting opportunities provided by the technology for studying different cardiomyocyte populations, as well as for dissecting the mechanisms responsible for subcellular spatio-temporal variability of Ca2+ release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Scardigli
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Florence, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Florence, Italy
| | - Cecilia Ferrantini
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Florence, Italy.,Division of Physiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Crocini
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology & BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Francesco S Pavone
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Florence, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Florence, Italy.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sacconi
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Florence, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Florence, Italy
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27
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Johnson DM, Antoons G. Arrhythmogenic Mechanisms in Heart Failure: Linking β-Adrenergic Stimulation, Stretch, and Calcium. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1453. [PMID: 30374311 PMCID: PMC6196916 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is associated with elevated sympathetic tone and mechanical load. Both systems activate signaling transduction pathways that increase cardiac output, but eventually become part of the disease process itself leading to further worsening of cardiac function. These alterations can adversely contribute to electrical instability, at least in part due to the modulation of Ca2+ handling at the level of the single cardiac myocyte. The major aim of this review is to provide a definitive overview of the links and cross talk between β-adrenergic stimulation, mechanical load, and arrhythmogenesis in the setting of HF. We will initially review the role of Ca2+ in the induction of both early and delayed afterdepolarizations, the role that β-adrenergic stimulation plays in the initiation of these and how the propensity for these may be altered in HF. We will then go onto reviewing the current data with regards to the link between mechanical load and afterdepolarizations, the associated mechano-sensitivity of the ryanodine receptor and other stretch activated channels that may be associated with HF-associated arrhythmias. Furthermore, we will discuss how alterations in local Ca2+ microdomains during the remodeling process associated the HF may contribute to the increased disposition for β-adrenergic or stretch induced arrhythmogenic triggers. Finally, the potential mechanisms linking β-adrenergic stimulation and mechanical stretch will be clarified, with the aim of finding common modalities of arrhythmogenesis that could be targeted by novel therapeutic agents in the setting of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Johnson
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Gudrun Antoons
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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28
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Hegyi B, Bányász T, Izu LT, Belardinelli L, Bers DM, Chen-Izu Y. β-adrenergic regulation of late Na + current during cardiac action potential is mediated by both PKA and CaMKII. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 123:168-179. [PMID: 30240676 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Late Na+ current (INaL) significantly contributes to shaping cardiac action potentials (APs) and increased INaL is associated with cardiac arrhythmias. β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) stimulation and its downstream signaling via protein kinase A (PKA) and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) pathways are known to regulate INaL. However, it remains unclear how each of these pathways regulates INaL during the AP under physiological conditions. Here we performed AP-clamp experiments in rabbit ventricular myocytes to delineate the impact of each signaling pathway on INaL at different AP phases to understand the arrhythmogenic potential. During the physiological AP (2 Hz, 37 °C) we found that INaL had a basal level current independent of PKA, but partially dependent on CaMKII. βAR activation (10 nM isoproterenol, ISO) further enhanced INaL via both PKA and CaMKII pathways. However, PKA predominantly increased INaL early during the AP plateau, whereas CaMKII mainly increased INaL later in the plateau and during rapid repolarization. We also tested the role of key signaling pathways through exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Direct Epac stimulation enhanced INaL similar to the βAR-induced CaMKII effect, while NOS inhibition prevented the βAR-induced CaMKII-dependent INaL enhancement. ROS generated by NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) also contributed to the ISO-induced INaL activation early in the AP. Taken together, our data reveal differential modulations of INaL by PKA and CaMKII signaling pathways at different AP phases. This nuanced and comprehensive view on the changes in INaL during AP deepens our understanding of the important role of INaL in reshaping the cardiac AP and arrhythmogenic potential under elevated sympathetic stimulation, which is relevant for designing therapeutic treatment of arrhythmias under pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Hegyi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Tamás Bányász
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Leighton T Izu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ye Chen-Izu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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29
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Machuki J, Zhang H, Harding S, Sun H. Molecular pathways of oestrogen receptors and β-adrenergic receptors in cardiac cells: Recognition of their similarities, interactions and therapeutic value. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222. [PMID: 28994249 PMCID: PMC5813217 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oestrogen receptors (ERs) and β-adrenergic receptors (βARs) play important roles in the cardiovascular system. Moreover, these receptors are expressed in cardiac myocytes and vascular tissues. Numerous experimental observations support the hypothesis that similarities and interactions exist between the signalling pathways of ERs (ERα, ERβ and GPR30) and βARs (β1 AR, β2 AR and β3 AR). The recently discovered oestrogen receptor GPR30 shares structural features with the βARs, and this forms the basis for the interactions and functional overlap. GPR30 possesses protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylation sites and PDZ binding motifs and interacts with A-kinase anchoring protein 5 (AKAP5), all of which enable its interaction with the βAR pathways. The interactions between ERs and βARs occur downstream of the G-protein-coupled receptor, through the Gαs and Gαi proteins. This review presents an up-to-date description of ERs and βARs and demonstrates functional synergism and interactions among these receptors in cardiac cells. We explore their signalling cascades and the mechanisms that orchestrate their interactions and propose new perspectives on the signalling patterns for the GPR30 based on its structural resemblance to the βARs. In addition, we explore the relevance of these interactions to cell physiology, drugs (especially β-blockers and calcium channel blockers) and cardioprotection. Furthermore, a receptor-independent mechanism for oestrogen and its influence on the expression of βARs and calcium-handling proteins are discussed. Finally, we highlight promising therapeutic avenues that can be derived from the shared pathways, especially the phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI3K/Akt) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.O. Machuki
- Department of Physiology; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
| | - H.Y. Zhang
- Department of Physiology; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
| | - S.E. Harding
- National Heart and Lung Institute; Imperial College; London UK
| | - H. Sun
- Department of Physiology; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
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30
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Belevych AE, Ho HT, Bonilla IM, Terentyeva R, Schober KE, Terentyev D, Carnes CA, Györke S. The role of spatial organization of Ca 2+ release sites in the generation of arrhythmogenic diastolic Ca 2+ release in myocytes from failing hearts. Basic Res Cardiol 2017; 112:44. [PMID: 28612155 PMCID: PMC5796415 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-017-0633-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In heart failure (HF), dysregulated cardiac ryanodine receptors (RyR2) contribute to the generation of diastolic Ca2+ waves (DCWs), thereby predisposing adrenergically stressed failing hearts to life-threatening arrhythmias. However, the specific cellular, subcellular, and molecular defects that account for cardiac arrhythmia in HF remain to be elucidated. Patch-clamp techniques and confocal Ca2+ imaging were applied to study spatially defined Ca2+ handling in ventricular myocytes isolated from normal (control) and failing canine hearts. Based on their activation time upon electrical stimulation, Ca2+ release sites were categorized as coupled, located in close proximity to the sarcolemmal Ca2+ channels, and uncoupled, the Ca2+ channel-free non-junctional Ca2+ release units. In control myocytes, stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors with isoproterenol (Iso) resulted in a preferential increase in Ca2+ spark rate at uncoupled sites. This site-specific effect of Iso was eliminated by the phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid, which caused similar facilitation of Ca2+ sparks at coupled and uncoupled sites. Iso-challenged HF myocytes exhibited increased predisposition to DCWs compared to control myocytes. In addition, the overall frequency of Ca2+ sparks was increased in HF cells due to preferential stimulation of coupled sites. Furthermore, coupled sites exhibited accelerated recovery from functional refractoriness in HF myocytes compared to control myocytes. Spatially resolved subcellular Ca2+ mapping revealed that DCWs predominantly originated from coupled sites. Inhibition of CaMKII suppressed DCWs and prevented preferential stimulation of coupled sites in Iso-challenged HF myocytes. These results suggest that CaMKII- (and phosphatase)-dependent dysregulation of junctional Ca2+ release sites contributes to Ca2+-dependent arrhythmogenesis in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy E Belevych
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Hsiang-Ting Ho
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ingrid M Bonilla
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Radmila Terentyeva
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Karsten E Schober
- College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Cynthia A Carnes
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sándor Györke
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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31
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Dong Z, Zhao P, Xu M, Zhang C, Guo W, Chen H, Tian J, Wei H, Lu R, Cao T. Astragaloside IV alleviates heart failure via activating PPARα to switch glycolysis to fatty acid β-oxidation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2691. [PMID: 28578382 PMCID: PMC5457407 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02360-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In heart failure (HF), energy metabolism pathway in cardiac muscle changes from fatty acid β-oxidation to glycolysis. However, the exact mechanism is unknown. Sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+α ATPase (SERCA) expression is downregulated and mitochondrial function is reduced in HF, perhaps partly due to a substantially reduced energy supply for excitation–contraction coupling resulting from a lower fatty acid β-oxidation rate. We investigated whether Astragaloside IV can activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) to stimulate fatty acid β-oxidation and increase cardiac energy production, improving mitochondrial function and the efficiency of SERCA in HF. In pressure overload-induced HF mice and isolated hypertrophic myocardial cells, fatty acid β-oxidation and heart function were substantially strengthened following Astragaloside IV treatment, as demonstrated by the increased expression of PPARα and SERCA2a. In vitro, Astragaloside IV regulated energy metabolism by increasing ATP production and enhancing mitochondrial function, attributable to increased oxygen consumption and slightly increased mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. In HF, Astragaloside IV switched glycolysis to fatty acid β-oxidation, as confirmed by reduced anaerobic glycolysis and an increased oxygen consumption ratio. These results suggest that Astragaloside IV can stimulate fatty acid β-oxidation and improve mitochondrial function, which may present a novel cardioprotective treatment that inhibits the progress of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Dong
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Pei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor college of medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huihua Chen
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hongchang Wei
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Rong Lu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Tongtong Cao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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32
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Ghimire K, Altmann HM, Straub AC, Isenberg JS. Nitric oxide: what's new to NO? Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 312:C254-C262. [PMID: 27974299 PMCID: PMC5401944 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00315.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the critical components of the vasculature, regulating key signaling pathways in health. In macrovessels, NO functions to suppress cell inflammation as well as adhesion. In this way, it inhibits thrombosis and promotes blood flow. It also functions to limit vessel constriction and vessel wall remodeling. In microvessels and particularly capillaries, NO, along with growth factors, is important in promoting new vessel formation, a process termed angiogenesis. With age and cardiovascular disease, animal and human studies confirm that NO is dysregulated at multiple levels including decreased production, decreased tissue half-life, and decreased potency. NO has also been implicated in diseases that are related to neurotransmission and cancer although it is likely that these processes involve NO at higher concentrations and from nonvascular cell sources. Conversely, NO and drugs that directly or indirectly increase NO signaling have found clinical applications in both age-related diseases and in younger individuals. This focused review considers recently reported advances being made in the field of NO signaling regulation at several levels including enzymatic production, receptor function, interacting partners, localization of signaling, matrix-cellular and cell-to-cell cross talk, as well as the possible impact these newly described mechanisms have on health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedar Ghimire
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Helene M Altmann
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Adam C Straub
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Jeffrey S Isenberg
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; .,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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