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Okafor UE, Itanyi UD, Garba SE, Yawe KDT. Comparison of the Ultrasonography Features of the Breast in Women with Fibroadenoma and Those with Other Breast Lumps. Niger Postgrad Med J 2024; 31:240-246. [PMID: 39219347 DOI: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_3_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroadenoma (FA) is documented as the most common benign breast disease typically presenting as a lump. A wide variety of other diseases including breast cancer can similarly present as lumps hence the need for further differentiation. Ultrasonography plays a vital role in the evaluation and treatment of breast lumps with histological analysis as the gold standard. OBJECTIVE This study compared the physical and sonographic features of the breast in women with FA and women with breast lumps due to other diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a single-centre comparative study. Clinical and sonographic breast evaluations of the recruited patients with lumps were done and reported using the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System score. The lumps were biopsied, and histological diagnosis was documented. Clinical and imaging features of the breasts of women with FA were then compared with those of women with lumps from other breast diseases, and collated data were analysed using SPSS Statistical version 23.0. RESULTS Data from 118 subjects (59 in each group) were used for this study. There was a significant difference in the physical and sonographic appearance of FA concerning the patient's age, parity, change in lesion size, perilesional architecture, echogenicity, borders, capsule and background breast density. No FA was found in women with less dense breasts. CONCLUSION The sonographic features of breasts showed some differences from the corresponding features of FA and other breast lesions. This has the potential to increase the efficiency of pre-operative diagnosis of FA and could be further applied in developing diagnostic criteria for FA in our environment.
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Littrup PJ, Mehrmohammadi M, Duric N. Breast Tomographic Ultrasound: The Spectrum from Current Dense Breast Cancer Screenings to Future Theranostic Treatments. Tomography 2024; 10:554-573. [PMID: 38668401 PMCID: PMC11053617 DOI: 10.3390/tomography10040044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This review provides unique insights to the scientific scope and clinical visions of the inventors and pioneers of the SoftVue breast tomographic ultrasound (BTUS). Their >20-year collaboration produced extensive basic research and technology developments, culminating in SoftVue, which recently received the Food and Drug Administration's approval as an adjunct to breast cancer screening in women with dense breasts. SoftVue's multi-center trial confirmed the diagnostic goals of the tissue characterization and localization of quantitative acoustic tissue differences in 2D and 3D coronal image sequences. SoftVue mass characterizations are also reviewed within the standard cancer risk categories of the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System. As a quantitative diagnostic modality, SoftVue can also function as a cost-effective platform for artificial intelligence-assisted breast cancer identification. Finally, SoftVue's quantitative acoustic maps facilitate noninvasive temperature monitoring and a unique form of time-reversed, focused US in a single theranostic device that actually focuses acoustic energy better within the highly scattering breast tissues, allowing for localized hyperthermia, drug delivery, and/or ablation. Women also prefer the comfort of SoftVue over mammograms and will continue to seek out less-invasive breast care, from diagnosis to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Littrup
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (M.M.); (N.D.)
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Inc., Novi, MI 48374, USA
| | - Mohammad Mehrmohammadi
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (M.M.); (N.D.)
| | - Nebojsa Duric
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (M.M.); (N.D.)
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Inc., Novi, MI 48374, USA
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Bezek CD, Goksel O. Analytical estimation of beamforming speed-of-sound using transmission geometry. ULTRASONICS 2023; 134:107069. [PMID: 37331051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.107069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Most ultrasound imaging techniques necessitate the fundamental step of converting temporal signals received from transducer elements into a spatial echogenecity map. This beamforming (BF) step requires the knowledge of speed-of-sound (SoS) value in the imaged medium. An incorrect assumption of BF SoS leads to aberration artifacts, not only deteriorating the quality and resolution of conventional brightness mode (B-mode) images, hence limiting their clinical usability, but also impairing other ultrasound modalities such as elastography and spatial SoS reconstructions, which rely on faithfully beamformed images as their input. In this work, we propose an analytical method for estimating BF SoS. We show that pixel-wise relative shifts between frames beamformed with an assumed SoS is a function of geometric disparities of the transmission paths and the error in such SoS assumption. Using this relation, we devise an analytical model, the closed form solution of which yields the difference between the assumed and the true SoS in the medium. Based on this, we correct the BF SoS, which can also be applied iteratively. Both in simulations and experiments, lateral B-mode resolution is shown to be improved by ≈25% compared to that with an initial SoS assumption error of 3.3% (50m/s), while localization artifacts from beamforming are also corrected. After 5 iterations, our method achieves BF SoS errors of under 0.6m/s in simulations. Residual time-delay errors in beamforming 32 numerical phantoms are shown to reduce down to 0.07μs, with average improvements of up to 21 folds compared to initial inaccurate assumptions. We additionally show the utility of the proposed method in imaging local SoS maps, where using our correction method reduces reconstruction root-mean-square errors substantially, down to their lower-bound with actual BF SoS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Deniz Bezek
- Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Orcun Goksel
- Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Sweden.
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Jin G, Zhu H, Jiang D, Li J, Su L, Li J, Gao F, Cai X. A Signal Domain Object Segmentation Method for Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Computed Tomography. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2022; PP:253-265. [PMID: 37015663 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2022.3232174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Image segmentation is important in improving the diagnostic capability of ultrasound computed tomography (USCT) and photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT), as it can be included in the image reconstruction process to improve image quality and quantification abilities. Segmenting the imaged object out of the background using image domain methods is easily complicated by low contrast, noise, and artifacts in the reconstructed image. Here, we introduce a new signal domain object segmentation method for USCT and PACT which does not require image reconstruction beforehand and is automatic, robust, computationally efficient, accurate, and straightforward. We first establish the relationship between the time-of-flight of the received first arrival waves and the object's boundary which is described by ellipse equations. Then, we show that the ellipses are tangent to the boundary. By looking for tangent points on the common tangent of neighboring ellipses, the boundary can be approximated with high fidelity. Imaging experiments of human fingers and mice cross-sections showed that our method provided equivalent or better segmentations than the optimal ones by active contours. In summary, our method greatly reduces the overall complexity of object segmentation and shows great potential in eliminating user dependency without sacrificing segmentation accuracy. The method can be further seamlessly incorporated into algorithms for other processing purposes in USCT and PACT, such as high-quality image reconstruction.
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Fincke J, Zhang X, Shin B, Ely G, Anthony BW. Quantitative Sound Speed Imaging of Cortical Bone and Soft Tissue: Results From Observational Data Sets. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2022; 41:502-514. [PMID: 34570702 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2021.3115790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the first quantitative ultrasonic sound speed images of ex vivo limb cross-sections containing both soft tissue and bone using Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) with level set (LS) and travel time regularization. The estimated bulk sound speed of bone and soft tissue are within 10% and 1%, respectively, of ground truth estimates. The sound speed imagery shows muscle, connective tissue and bone features. Typically, ultrasound tomography (UST) using FWI is applied to imaging breast tissue properties (e.g. sound speed and density) that correlate with cancer. With further development, UST systems have the potential to deliver volumetric operator independent tissue property images of limbs with non-ionizing and portable hardware platforms. This work addresses the algorithmic challenges of imaging the sound speed of bone and soft tissue by combining FWI with LS regularization and travel time methods to recover soft tissue and bone sound speed with improved accuracy and reduced soft tissue artifacts when compared to conventional FWI. The value of leveraging LS and travel time methods is realized by evidence of improved bone geometry estimates as well as promising convergence properties and reduced risk of final model errors due to un-modeled shear wave propagation. Ex vivo bulk measurements of sound speed and MRI cross-sections validates the final inversion results.
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Rapid Reductions in Breast Density following Tamoxifen Therapy as Evaluated by Whole-Breast Ultrasound Tomography. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030792. [PMID: 35160244 PMCID: PMC8836554 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Women whose mammographic breast density declines within 12–18 months of initiating tamoxifen for chemoprevention or adjuvant treatment show improved therapeutic responses compared with those whose density is unchanged. We tested whether measuring changes in sound speed (a surrogate of breast density) using ultrasound tomography (UST) could enable rapid identification of favorable responses to tamoxifen. Methods: We evaluated serial density measures at baseline and at 1 to 3, 4 to 6, and 12+ months among 74 women (aged 30–70 years) following initiation of tamoxifen for clinical indications, including an elevated risk of breast cancer (20%) and diagnoses of in situ (39%) or invasive (40%) breast carcinoma, enrolled at Karmanos Cancer Institute and Henry Ford Health System (Detroit, MI, USA). For comparison, we evaluated an untreated group with screen negative mammography and frequency-matched on age, race, and menopausal status (n = 150), at baseline and 12 months. Paired t-tests were used to assess differences in UST sound speed over time and between tamoxifen-treated and untreated patients. Results: Sound speed declined steadily over the 12 month period among patients receiving tamoxifen (mean (SD): −3.0 (8.2) m/s; p = 0.001), whereas density remained unchanged in the untreated group (mean (SD): 0.4 (7.1) m/s; p = 0.75 (relative change between groups: p = 0.0009)). In the tamoxifen group, we observed significant sound speed reductions as early as 4–6 months after tamoxifen initiation (mean (SD): −2.1 (6.8) m/s; p = 0.008). Sound speed reductions were greatest among premenopausal patients (P-interaction = 0.0002) and those in the middle and upper tertiles of baseline sound speed (P-interaction = 0.002). Conclusions: UST can image rapid declines in sound speed following initiation of tamoxifen. Given that sound speed and mammographic density are correlated, we propose that UST breast imaging may capture early responses to tamoxifen, which in turn may have utility in predicting therapeutic efficacy.
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Duric N, Sak M, Littrup PJ. The Potential Role of the Fat-Glandular Interface (FGI) in Breast Carcinogenesis: Results from an Ultrasound Tomography (UST) Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:5615. [PMID: 34884317 PMCID: PMC8658427 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10235615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the relationship between the extent of the fat-glandular interface (FGI) and the presence of malignant vs. benign lesions. Two hundred and eight patients were scanned with ultrasound tomography (UST) as part of a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)-compliant study. Segmentation of the sound speed images, employing the k-means clustering method, was used to help define the extent of the FGI for each patient. The metric, α, was defined as the surface area to volume ratio of the segmented fibroglandular volume and its mean value across patients was determined for cancers, fibroadenomas and cysts. ANOVA tests were used to assess significance. The means and standard deviations of α for cancers, fibroadenomas and cysts were found to be 4.0 ± 2.0 cm-1, 3.1 ± 1.7 cm-1 and 2.3 ± 0.9 cm-1, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). The separation between the groups increased when α was measured on only the image slice where the finding was most prominent, with values for cancers, fibroadenomas and cysts of 5.4 ± 3.6 cm-1, 3.6 ± 2.3 cm-1 and 2.4 ± 1.5 cm-1, respectively. Of the three types of masses studied, cancer was associated with the most extensive FGIs, suggesting a potential role for the FGI in carcinogenesis, a subject for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebojsa Duric
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Delphinus Medical Technologies Inc., Novi, MI 48374, USA;
| | - Mark Sak
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
| | - Peter J. Littrup
- Delphinus Medical Technologies Inc., Novi, MI 48374, USA;
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
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Littrup PJ, Duric N, Sak M, Li C, Roy O, Brem RF, Larsen LH, Yamashita M. Multicenter Study of Whole Breast Stiffness Imaging by Ultrasound Tomography (SoftVue) for Characterization of Breast Tissues and Masses. J Clin Med 2021; 10:5528. [PMID: 34884229 PMCID: PMC8658621 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10235528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated whole breast stiffness imaging by SoftVue ultrasound tomography (UST), extracted from the bulk modulus, to volumetrically map differences in breast tissues and masses. A total 206 women with either palpable or mammographically/sonographically visible masses underwent UST scanning prior to biopsy as part of a prospective, HIPAA-compliant multicenter cohort study. The volumetric data sets comprised 298 masses (78 cancers, 105 fibroadenomas, 91 cysts and 24 other benign) in 239 breasts. All breast tissues were segmented into six categories, using sound speed to separate fat from fibroglandular tissues, and then subgrouped by stiffness into soft, intermediate and hard components. Ninety percent of women had mammographically dense breasts but only 11.2% of their total breast volume showed hard components while 69% of fibroglandular tissues were softer. All smaller masses (<1.5 cm) showed a greater percentage of hard components than their corresponding larger masses (p < 0.001). Cancers had significantly greater mean stiffness indices and lower mean homogeneity of stiffness than benign masses (p < 0.05). SoftVue stiffness imaging demonstrated small stiff masses, mainly due to cancers, amongst predominantly soft breast tissues. Quantitative stiffness mapping of the whole breast and underlying masses may have implications for screening of women with dense breasts, cancer risk evaluations, chemoprevention and treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Littrup
- Department of Radiology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Delphinus Medical Technologies Inc., Novi, MI 48374, USA; (N.D.); (M.S.); (C.L.); (O.R.)
| | - Nebojsa Duric
- Delphinus Medical Technologies Inc., Novi, MI 48374, USA; (N.D.); (M.S.); (C.L.); (O.R.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Mark Sak
- Delphinus Medical Technologies Inc., Novi, MI 48374, USA; (N.D.); (M.S.); (C.L.); (O.R.)
| | - Cuiping Li
- Delphinus Medical Technologies Inc., Novi, MI 48374, USA; (N.D.); (M.S.); (C.L.); (O.R.)
| | - Olivier Roy
- Delphinus Medical Technologies Inc., Novi, MI 48374, USA; (N.D.); (M.S.); (C.L.); (O.R.)
| | - Rachel F. Brem
- Department of Radiology, The George Washington Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA;
| | - Linda H. Larsen
- Department of Radiology, Norris Cancer Center and Hospital, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (L.H.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Mary Yamashita
- Department of Radiology, Norris Cancer Center and Hospital, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (L.H.L.); (M.Y.)
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Littrup PJ, Duric N, Sak M, Li C, Roy O, Brem RF, Yamashita M. The Fat-glandular Interface and Breast Tumor Locations: Appearances on Ultrasound Tomography Are Supported by Quantitative Peritumoral Analyses. JOURNAL OF BREAST IMAGING 2021; 3:455-464. [PMID: 38424790 DOI: 10.1093/jbi/wbab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the preferred tissue locations of common breast masses in relation to anatomic quadrants and the fat-glandular interface (FGI) using ultrasound tomography (UST). METHODS Ultrasound tomography scanning was performed in 206 consecutive women with 298 mammographically and/or sonographically visible, benign and malignant breast masses following written informed consent to participate in an 8-site multicenter, Institutional Review Board-approved cohort study. Mass locations were categorized by their anatomic breast quadrant and the FGI, which was defined by UST as the high-contrast circumferential junction of fat and fibroglandular tissue on coronal sound speed imaging. Quantitative UST mass comparisons were done for each tumor and peritumoral region using mean sound speed and percentage of fibroglandular tissue. Chi-squared and analysis of variance tests were used to assess differences. RESULTS Cancers were noted at the FGI in 95% (74/78) compared to 51% (98/194) of fibroadenomas and cysts combined (P < 0.001). No intra-quadrant differences between cancer and benign masses were noted for tumor location by anatomic quadrants (P = 0.66). Quantitative peritumoral sound speed properties showed that cancers were surrounded by lower mean sound speeds (1477 m/s) and percent fibroglandular tissue (47%), compared to fibroadenomas (1496 m/s; 65.3%) and cysts (1518 m/s; 84%) (P < 0.001; P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Breast cancers form adjacent to fat and UST localized the vast majority to the FGI, while cysts were most often completely surrounded by dense tissue. These observations were supported by quantitative peritumoral analyses of sound speed values for fat and fibroglandular tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Littrup
- Departments of Radiology and Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Novi, MI, USA
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Inc., Novi, MI, USA
| | - Nebojsa Duric
- Departments of Radiology and Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Novi, MI, USA
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Inc., Novi, MI, USA
| | - Mark Sak
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Inc., Novi, MI, USA
| | - Cuiping Li
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Inc., Novi, MI, USA
| | - Olivier Roy
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Inc., Novi, MI, USA
| | - Rachel F Brem
- The George Washington Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mary Yamashita
- University of Southern California; Norris Cancer Center and Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Weber TD, Khetan N, Yang R, Mertz J. Ultrasound differential phase contrast using backscattering and the memory effect. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 2021; 118:124103. [PMID: 33785963 PMCID: PMC8004294 DOI: 10.1063/5.0048071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We describe a simple and fast technique to perform ultrasound differential phase contrast (DPC) imaging in arbitrarily thick scattering media. Although configured in a reflection geometry, DPC is based on transmission imaging and is a direct analog of optical differential interference contrast. DPC exploits the memory effect and works in combination with standard pulse-echo imaging, with no additional hardware or data requirements, enabling complementary phase contrast (in the transverse direction) without any need for intensive numerical computation. We experimentally demonstrate the principle of DPC using tissue phantoms with calibrated speed-of-sound inclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D. Weber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Nikunj Khetan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Ruohui Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Jerome Mertz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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Sak M, Littrup P, Brem R, Duric N. Whole Breast Sound Speed Measurement from US Tomography Correlates Strongly with Volumetric Breast Density from Mammography. JOURNAL OF BREAST IMAGING 2020; 2:443-451. [PMID: 33015618 DOI: 10.1093/jbi/wbaa052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective To assess the feasibility of using tissue sound speed as a quantitative marker of breast density. Methods This study was carried out under an Institutional Review Board-approved protocol (written consent required). Imaging data were selected retrospectively based on the availability of US tomography (UST) exams, screening mammograms with volumetric breast density data, patient age of 18 to 80 years, and weight less than 300 lbs. Sound speed images from the UST exams were used to measure the volume of dense tissue, the volume averaged sound speed (VASS), and the percent of high sound speed tissue (PHSST). The mammographic breast density and volume of dense tissue were estimated with three-dimensional (3D) software. Differences in volumes were assessed with paired t-tests. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the strength of the correlations between the mammographic and UST assessments of breast density. Results A total of 100 UST and 3D mammographic data sets met the selection criteria. The resulting measurements showed that UST measured a more than 2-fold larger volume of dense tissue compared to mammography. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001). A strong correlation of rS = 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79-0.90) between 3D mammographic breast density (BD) and the VASS was noted. This correlation is significantly stronger than those reported in previous two-dimensional studies (rS = 0.85 vs rS = 0.71). A similar correlation was found for PHSST and mammographic BD with rS = 0.86 (95% CI: 0.80-0.90). Conclusion The strong correlations between UST parameters and 3D mammographic BD suggest that breast sound speed should be further studied as a potential new marker for inclusion in clinical risk models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Sak
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Inc, Novi, MI
| | | | - Rachel Brem
- George Washington University, Department of Radiology, Washington, DC
| | - Neb Duric
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Inc, Novi, MI.,Wayne State University, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Detroit, MI
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Abstract
Screening for breast cancer reduces breast cancer-related mortality and earlier detection facilitates less aggressive treatment. Unfortunately, current screening modalities are imperfect, suffering from limited sensitivity and high false-positive rates. Novel techniques in the field of breast imaging may soon play a role in breast cancer screening: digital breast tomosynthesis, contrast material-enhanced spectral mammography, US (automated three-dimensional breast US, transmission tomography, elastography, optoacoustic imaging), MRI (abbreviated and ultrafast, diffusion-weighted imaging), and molecular breast imaging. Artificial intelligence and radiomics have the potential to further improve screening strategies. Furthermore, nonimaging-based screening tests such as liquid biopsy and breathing tests may transform the screening landscape. © RSNA, 2020 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritse M Mann
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (R.M.M.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.M.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn (R.H.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Southwoods Imaging, Youngstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY (L.M.); and Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.M.)
| | - Regina Hooley
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (R.M.M.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.M.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn (R.H.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Southwoods Imaging, Youngstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY (L.M.); and Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.M.)
| | - Richard G Barr
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (R.M.M.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.M.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn (R.H.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Southwoods Imaging, Youngstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY (L.M.); and Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.M.)
| | - Linda Moy
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (R.M.M.); Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.M.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn (R.H.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Southwoods Imaging, Youngstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY (L.M.); and Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.M.)
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Perez-Liva M, Udías JM, Camacho J, Merčep E, Deán-Ben XL, Razansky D, Herraiz JL. Speed of sound ultrasound transmission tomography image reconstruction based on Bézier curves. ULTRASONICS 2020; 103:106097. [PMID: 32078843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2020.106097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Speed of Sound (SoS) maps from ultrasound tomography (UST) provide valuable quantitative information for soft tissue characterization and identification of lesions, making this technique interesting for breast cancer detection. However, due to the complexity of the processes that characterize the interaction of ultrasonic waves with matter, classic and fast tomographic algorithms such as back-projection are not suitable. Consequently, the image reconstruction process in UST is generally slow compared to other more conventional medical tomography modalities. With the aim of facilitating the translation of this technique into real clinical practice, several reconstruction algorithms are being proposed to make image reconstruction in UST to be a fast and accurate process. The geometrical acoustic approximation is often used to reconstruct SoS with less computational burden in comparison with full-wave inversion methods. In this work, we propose a simple formulation to perform on-the-flight reconstruction for UST using geometrical acoustics with refraction correction based on quadratic Bézier polynomials. Here we demonstrate that the trajectories created with these polynomials are an accurate approximation to reproduce the refracted acoustic paths connecting the emitter and receiver transducers. The method is faster than typical acquisition times in UST. Thus, it can be considered a step towards real-time reconstructions, which may contribute to its future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailyn Perez-Liva
- Grupo de Física Nuclear and IPARCOS, Univ. Complutense de Madrid, CEI Moncloa, Spain; Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, F-75015 Paris, France.
| | - José Manuel Udías
- Grupo de Física Nuclear and IPARCOS, Univ. Complutense de Madrid, CEI Moncloa, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital General Universitario Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Camacho
- Ultrasound Systems and Technology Group (GSTU), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Merčep
- iThera Medical GmbH, Munich, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Xosé Luís Deán-Ben
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Razansky
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joaquín L Herraiz
- Grupo de Física Nuclear and IPARCOS, Univ. Complutense de Madrid, CEI Moncloa, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital General Universitario Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Using Whole Breast Ultrasound Tomography to Improve Breast Cancer Risk Assessment: A Novel Risk Factor Based on the Quantitative Tissue Property of Sound Speed. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020367. [PMID: 32013177 PMCID: PMC7074100 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammographic percent density (MPD) is an independent risk factor for developing breast cancer, but its inclusion in clinical risk models provides only modest improvements in individualized risk prediction, and MPD is not typically assessed in younger women because of ionizing radiation concerns. Previous studies have shown that tissue sound speed, derived from whole breast ultrasound tomography (UST), a non-ionizing modality, is a potential surrogate marker of breast density, but prior to this study, sound speed has not been directly linked to breast cancer risk. To that end, we explored the relation of sound speed and MPD with breast cancer risk in a case-control study, including 61 cases with recent breast cancer diagnoses and a comparison group of 165 women, frequency matched to cases on age, race, and menopausal status, and with a recent negative mammogram and no personal history of breast cancer. Multivariable odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for the relation of quartiles of MPD and sound speed with breast cancer risk adjusted for matching factors. Elevated MPD was associated with increased breast cancer risk, although the trend did not reach statistical significance (OR per quartile = 1.27, 95% CI: 0.95, 1.70; ptrend = 0.10). In contrast, elevated sound speed was significantly associated with breast cancer risk in a dose–response fashion (OR per quartile = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.32, 2.54; ptrend = 0.0003). The OR trend for sound speed was statistically significantly different from that observed for MPD (p = 0.005). These findings suggest that whole breast sound speed may be more strongly associated with breast cancer risk than MPD and offer future opportunities for refining the magnitude and precision of risk associations in larger, population-based studies, including women younger than usual screening ages.
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15
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A Novel Bio-Inspired Method for Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer through Mammographic Image Analysis. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9214492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a current problem that causes the death of many women. In this work, we test meta-heuristics applied to the segmentation of mammographic images. Traditionally, the application of these algorithms has a direct relationship with optimization problems; however, in this study, its implementation is oriented to the segmentation of mammograms using the Dunn index as an optimization function, and the grey levels to represent each individual. The update of grey levels during the process results in the maximization of the Dunn’s index function; the higher the index, the better the segmentation will be. The results showed a lower error rate using these meta-heuristics for segmentation compared to a well-adopted classical approach known as the Otsu method.
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Ruby L, Sanabria SJ, Obrist AS, Martini K, Forte S, Goksel O, Frauenfelder T, Kubik-Huch RA, Rominger MB. Breast Density Assessment in Young Women with Ultrasound based on Speed of Sound: Influence of the Menstrual Cycle. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16123. [PMID: 31232962 PMCID: PMC6636937 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate changes in breast density (BD) during the menstrual cycle in young women in comparison to inter-breast and -segment changes as well as reproducibility of a novel Speed-of-Sound (SoS) Ultrasound (US) method.SoS-US uses a conventional US system with a reflector and a software add-on to quantify SoS in the retro-mammillary, inner and outer segments of both breasts. Twenty healthy women (18-40 years) with regular menstrual cycles were scanned twice with two weeks in-between. Three of these were additionally measured twice per week for 25 days. Average SoS (m/s) and ΔSoS (segment-variation SoS; m/s) were measured. Variations between follicular and luteal phases and changes over the four-week period were assessed. Inter-examiner and inter-reader agreements were also evaluated. Variances between cycle phases, examiners and readers were compared.No significant SoS difference was observed between follicular and luteal phases for the twenty women (P = .126), and between all different days for the three more frequently measured women (P = .892). Inter-reader (ICC = 0.999) and inter-examiner (ICC = 0.990) agreements were high. The SoS variance due to menstrual variations was not significantly larger than the inter-examiner uncertainty (P = .461). Inter-reader variations were significantly smaller than menstrual and examiner variations (P < .001).SoS-US showed high inter-examiner and inter-reader reproducibility. The alterations during the menstrual cycles were not significantly larger than the confidence interval of measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Ruby
- Zurich Ultrasound Research and Translation (ZURT), Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100
| | - Sergio J. Sanabria
- Zurich Ultrasound Research and Translation (ZURT), Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100
- Computer-assisted Applications in Medicine, ETH Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 7, Zürich
| | - Anika S. Obrist
- Zurich Ultrasound Research and Translation (ZURT), Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100
| | - Katharina Martini
- Zurich Ultrasound Research and Translation (ZURT), Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100
| | - Serafino Forte
- Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Baden, Im Ergel 1, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Orcun Goksel
- Computer-assisted Applications in Medicine, ETH Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 7, Zürich
| | - Thomas Frauenfelder
- Zurich Ultrasound Research and Translation (ZURT), Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100
| | - Rahel A. Kubik-Huch
- Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Baden, Im Ergel 1, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Marga B. Rominger
- Zurich Ultrasound Research and Translation (ZURT), Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100
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A Lagrange-Newton Method for EIT/UT Dual-Modality Image Reconstruction. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19091966. [PMID: 31035459 PMCID: PMC6540236 DOI: 10.3390/s19091966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An image reconstruction method is proposed based on Lagrange-Newton method for electrical impedance tomography (EIT) and ultrasound tomography (UT) dual-modality imaging. Since the change in conductivity distribution is usually accompanied with the change in acoustic impedance distribution, the reconstruction targets of EIT and UT are unified to the conductivity difference using the same mesh model. Some background medium distribution information obtained from ultrasound transmission and reflection measurements can be used to construct a hard constraint about the conductivity difference distribution. Then, the EIT/UT dual-modality inverse problem is constructed by an equality constraint equation, and the Lagrange multiplier method combining Newton-Raphson iteration is used to solve the EIT/UT dual-modality inverse problem. The numerical and experimental results show that the proposed dual-modality image reconstruction method has a better performance than the single-modality EIT method and is more robust to the measurement noise.
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Taleban R, Sirous R, Sirous M, Razavi S, Taghvaei R, Sirous S, Khalighinejad F, Dehghani Firouzabadi A, Qobadi M, Dehghani Firouzabadi F, Moafi M, Zand K, Farajzadegan Z. The Relationship between Anthropometric Indices and Breast Cancer in Central Iran. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:1276-1282. [PMID: 31025887 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1604005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Anthropometric indices have a debatable relationship with breast cancer (BC) among different ethnicity. In the current study, we have evaluated the relationship between anthropometric indices and BC in Iranian participants. Methods: Between 2012 and 2014, a total of 7,805 women were enrolled from different mammography centers in Isfahan province, Iran. For each participant, a detailed questionnaire was filled out and anthropometric indices were measured by trained technicians. We used logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for BC risk associated with anthropometry measurements, stratified on menopausal status. Results: In the postmenopausal group, weight ≥68 kg compared to weight <61.75 kg was associated with decreased risk of BC (OR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.63-0.97). Postmenopausal women with Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) ≥ 0.85 compared to WHR < 0.77 were at increased risk of BC (OR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.07-1.73). Both premenopausal and postmenopausal women had a decreased risk of BC with higher Obesity Index (OI) and Relative Weight. Conclusion: Ethnicity appears to play an important role in the discrepancies between results of different studies about the correlation of anthropometric features with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Taleban
- Department of Community Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Sirous
- Department of Radiology, University of Maryland Medical Center , Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Mehri Sirous
- Department of Radiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran
| | - Shamila Razavi
- Department of Surgery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran
| | - Raheleh Taghvaei
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Salimeh Sirous
- Resident of Surgery, Universität Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg , Nordrhein-Westfalen , Germany
| | - Farnaz Khalighinejad
- Department of Community Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Mina Qobadi
- Mississippi State Department of Health , Jackson , Mississippi , USA
| | | | - Mohammad Moafi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kevin Zand
- Department of Radiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , Mississippi , USA
| | - Ziba Farajzadegan
- Department of Community Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Wiskin J, Malik B, Natesan R, Lenox M. Quantitative assessment of breast density using transmission ultrasound tomography. Med Phys 2019; 46:2610-2620. [PMID: 30893476 PMCID: PMC6618090 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Breast density is important in the evaluation of breast cancer risk. At present, breast density is evaluated using two‐dimensional projections from mammography with or without tomosynthesis using either (a) subjective assessment or (b) a computer‐aided approach. The purpose of this work is twofold: (a) to establish an algorithm for quantitative assessment of breast density using quantitative three‐dimensional transmission ultrasound imaging; and (b) to determine how these quantitative assessments compare with both subjective and objective mammographic assessments of breast density. Methods We described and verified a threshold‐based segmentation algorithm to give a quantitative breast density (QBD) on ultrasound tomography images of phantoms of known geometric forms. We also used the algorithm and transmission ultrasound tomography to quantitatively determine breast density by separating fibroglandular tissue from fat and skin, based on imaged, quantitative tissue characteristics, and compared the quantitative tomography segmentation results with subjective and objective mammographic assessments. Results Quantitative breast density (QBD) measured in phantoms demonstrates high quantitative accuracy with respect to geometric volumes with average difference of less than 0.1% of the total phantom volumes. There is a strong correlation between QBD and both subjective mammographic assessments of Breast Imaging ‐ Reporting and Data System (BI‐RADS) breast composition categories and Volpara density scores — the Spearman correlation coefficients for the two comparisons were calculated to be 0.90 (95% CI: 0.71–0.96) and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.92–0.98), respectively. Conclusions The calculation of breast density using ultrasound tomography and the described segmentation algorithm is quantitatively accurate in phantoms and highly correlated with both subjective and Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐cleared objective assessments of breast density.
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20
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Sanabria SJ, Ozkan E, Rominger M, Goksel O. Spatial domain reconstruction for imaging speed-of-sound with pulse-echo ultrasound: simulation and in vivo study. Phys Med Biol 2018; 63:215015. [PMID: 30365398 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aae2fb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite many uses of ultrasound, some pathologies such as breast cancer still cannot reliably be diagnosed in either conventional B-mode ultrasound imaging nor with more recent ultrasound elastography methods. Speed-of-sound (SoS) is a quantitative imaging biomarker, which is sensitive to structural changes due to pathology, and hence could facilitate diagnosis. Full-angle ultrasound computed tomography (USCT) was proposed to obtain spatially-resolved SoS images, however, its water-bath setup involves practical limitations. To increase clinical utility and for widespread use, recently, a limited-angle Fourier-domain SoS reconstruction was proposed, however, it suffers from significant image reconstruction artifacts. In this work, we present a SoS reconstruction strategy, where the forward problem is formulated using differential time-of-flight measurements based on apparent displacements along different ultrasound wave propagation paths, and the inverse problem is solved in spatial-domain using a proposed total-variation scheme with spatially-varying anisotropic weighting to compensate for geometric bias from limited angle imaging setup. This is shown to be robust to missing displacement data and easily allow for incorporating any prior geometric information. In numerical simulations, SoS values in inclusions are accurately reconstructed with 90% accuracy up to a noise level of 50%. With respect to Fourier-domain reconstruction, our proposed method improved contrast ratio from 0.37 to 0.67 for even high noise levels such as 50%. Numerical full-wave simulation and our preliminary in vivo results illustrate the clinical applicability of our method in a breast cancer imaging setting. Our proposed method requires single-sided access to the tissue and can be implemented as an add-on to conventional ultrasound equipment, applicable to a range of transducers and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio J Sanabria
- Computed-assisted Applications in Medicine Group, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Both first authors contributed equally
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21
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Speed of sound ultrasound: a pilot study on a novel technique to identify sarcopenia in seniors. Eur Radiol 2018; 29:3-12. [PMID: 30324383 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-018-5742-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure speed of sound (SoS) with a novel hand-held ultrasound technique as a quantitative indicator for muscle loss and fatty muscular degeneration. METHODS Both calf muscles of 11 healthy, young females (mean age 29 years), and 10 elderly females (mean age 82 years) were prospectively examined with a standard ultrasound machine. A flat Plexiglas® reflector, on the opposite side of the probe with the calf in between, was used as timing reference for SoS (m/s) and ΔSoS (variation of SoS, m/s). Handgrip strength (kPA), Tegner activity scores, and 5-point comfort score (1 = comfortable to 5 = never again) were also assessed. Ultrasound parameters (muscle/adipose thickness, echo intensity) were measured for comparison. RESULTS Both calves were assessed in less than two minutes. All measurements were successful. The elderly females showed significantly lower SoS (1516 m/s, SD17) compared to the young adults (1545 m/s, SD10; p < 0.01). The ΔSoS of elderly females was significantly higher (12.2 m/s, SD3.6) than for young females (6.4 m/s, SD1.5; p < 0.01). Significant correlations of SoS with hand grip strength (r = 0.644) and Tegner activity score (rs = 0.709) were found, of similar magnitude as the correlation of hand grip strength with Tegner activity score (rs = 0.794). The average comfort score of the elderly was 1.1 and for the young adults 1.4. SoS senior/young classification (AUC = 0.936) was superior to conventional US parameters. CONCLUSIONS There were significant differences of SoS and ΔSoS between young and elderly females. Measurements were fast and well tolerated. The novel technique shows potential for sarcopenia quantification using a standard ultrasound machine. KEY POINTS • Speed of sound ultrasound: a novel technique to identify sarcopenia in seniors. • Measurements were fast and well tolerated using a standard ultrasound machine. • The novel technique shows potential for sarcopenia quantification.
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Jintamethasawat R, Lee WM, Carson PL, Hooi FM, Fowlkes JB, Goodsitt MM, Sampson R, Wenisch TF, Wei S, Zhou J, Chakrabarti C, Kripfgans OD. Error analysis of speed of sound reconstruction in ultrasound limited angle transmission tomography. ULTRASONICS 2018; 88:174-184. [PMID: 29674228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated limited angle transmission tomography to estimate speed of sound (SOS) distributions for breast cancer detection. That requires both accurate delineations of major tissues, in this case by segmentation of prior B-mode images, and calibration of the relative positions of the opposed transducers. Experimental sensitivity evaluation of the reconstructions with respect to segmentation and calibration errors is difficult with our current system. Therefore, parametric studies of SOS errors in our bent-ray reconstructions were simulated. They included mis-segmentation of an object of interest or a nearby object, and miscalibration of relative transducer positions in 3D. Close correspondence of reconstruction accuracy was verified in the simplest case, a cylindrical object in homogeneous background with induced segmentation and calibration inaccuracies. Simulated mis-segmentation in object size and lateral location produced maximum SOS errors of 6.3% within 10 mm diameter change and 9.1% within 5 mm shift, respectively. Modest errors in assumed transducer separation produced the maximum SOS error from miscalibrations (57.3% within 5 mm shift), still, correction of this type of error can easily be achieved in the clinic. This study should aid in designing adequate transducer mounts and calibration procedures, and in specification of B-mode image quality and segmentation algorithms for limited angle transmission tomography relying on ray tracing algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rungroj Jintamethasawat
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Won-Mean Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; GE Healthcare, 447 Indio Way, Sunnyvale, CA 94085, USA
| | - Paul L Carson
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fong Ming Hooi
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., 22010 South East 51st Street, Issaquah, WA 98029-7002, USA
| | - J Brian Fowlkes
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mitchell M Goodsitt
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Richard Sampson
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Thomas F Wenisch
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Siyuan Wei
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Jian Zhou
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Chaitali Chakrabarti
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Oliver D Kripfgans
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Kim Y, Audigier C, Ziegle J, Friebe M, Boctor EM. Ultrasound thermal monitoring with an external ultrasound source for customized bipolar RF ablation shapes. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2018; 13:815-826. [PMID: 29619610 PMCID: PMC6573022 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-018-1744-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Thermotherapy is a clinical procedure which delivers thermal energy to a target, and it has been applied for various medical treatments. Temperature monitoring during thermotherapy is important to achieve precise and reproducible results. Medical ultrasound can be used for thermal monitoring and is an attractive medical imaging modality due to its advantages including non-ionizing radiation, cost-effectiveness and portability. We propose an ultrasound thermal monitoring method using a speed-of-sound tomographic approach coupled with a biophysical heat diffusion model. METHODS We implement an ultrasound thermometry approach using an external ultrasound source. We reconstruct the speed-of-sound images using time-of-flight information from the external ultrasound source and convert the speed-of-sound information into temperature by using the a priori knowledge brought by a biophysical heat diffusion model. RESULTS Customized treatment shapes can be created using switching channels of radio frequency bipolar needle electrodes. Simulations of various ablation lesion shapes in the temperature range of 21-59 [Formula: see text]C are performed to study the feasibility of the proposed method. We also evaluated our method with ex vivo porcine liver experiments, in which we generated temperature images between 22 and 45 [Formula: see text]C. CONCLUSION In this paper, we present a proof of concept showing the feasibility of our ultrasound thermal monitoring method. The proposed method could be applied to various thermotherapy procedures by only adding an ultrasound source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younsu Kim
- Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Chloé Audigier
- Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Jens Ziegle
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Universitaetsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Michael Friebe
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Universitaetsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Emad M Boctor
- Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
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Sanabria SJ, Goksel O, Martini K, Forte S, Frauenfelder T, Kubik-Huch RA, Rominger MB. Breast-density assessment with hand-held ultrasound: A novel biomarker to assess breast cancer risk and to tailor screening? Eur Radiol 2018; 28:3165-3175. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-017-5287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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25
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Pinkert MA, Salkowski LR, Keely PJ, Hall TJ, Block WF, Eliceiri KW. Review of quantitative multiscale imaging of breast cancer. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2018; 5:010901. [PMID: 29392158 PMCID: PMC5777512 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.5.1.010901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and ranks second in terms of overall cancer deaths. One of the difficulties associated with treating breast cancer is that it is a heterogeneous disease with variations in benign and pathologic tissue composition, which contributes to disease development, progression, and treatment response. Many of these phenotypes are uncharacterized and their presence is difficult to detect, in part due to the sparsity of methods to correlate information between the cellular microscale and the whole-breast macroscale. Quantitative multiscale imaging of the breast is an emerging field concerned with the development of imaging technology that can characterize anatomic, functional, and molecular information across different resolutions and fields of view. It involves a diverse collection of imaging modalities, which touch large sections of the breast imaging research community. Prospective studies have shown promising results, but there are several challenges, ranging from basic physics and engineering to data processing and quantification, that must be met to bring the field to maturity. This paper presents some of the challenges that investigators face, reviews currently used multiscale imaging methods for preclinical imaging, and discusses the potential of these methods for clinical breast imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Pinkert
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Lonie R. Salkowski
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Radiology, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Patricia J. Keely
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Timothy J. Hall
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Walter F. Block
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Radiology, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Kevin W. Eliceiri
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
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26
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Vinnicombe SJ. Breast density: why all the fuss? Clin Radiol 2017; 73:334-357. [PMID: 29273225 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The term "breast density" or mammographic density (MD) denotes those components of breast parenchyma visualised at mammography that are denser than adipose tissue. MD is composed of a mixture of epithelial and stromal components, notably collagen, in variable proportions. MD is most commonly assessed in clinical practice with the time-honoured method of visual estimation of area-based percent density (PMD) on a mammogram, with categorisation into quartiles. The computerised semi-automated thresholding method, Cumulus, also yielding area-based percent density, is widely used for research purposes; however, the advent of fully automated volumetric methods developed as a consequence of the widespread use of digital mammography (DM) and yielding both absolute and percent dense volumes, has resulted in an explosion of interest in MD recently. Broadly, the importance of MD is twofold: firstly, the presence of marked MD significantly reduces mammographic sensitivity for breast cancer, even with state-of-the-art DM. Recognition of this led to the formation of a powerful lobby group ('Are You Dense') in the US, as a consequence of which 32 states have legislated for mandatory disclosure of MD to women undergoing mammography. Secondly, it is now widely accepted that MD is in itself a risk factor for breast cancer, with a four-to sixfold increased relative risk in women with PMD in the highest quintile compared to those with PMD in the lowest quintile. Consequently, major research efforts are underway to assess whether use of MD could provide a major step forward towards risk-adapted, personalised breast cancer prevention, imaging, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Vinnicombe
- Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Level 7, Mailbox 4, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK.
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27
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Automatic Segmentation of Ultrasound Tomography Image. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:2059036. [PMID: 29082240 PMCID: PMC5610831 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2059036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound tomography (UST) image segmentation is fundamental in breast density estimation, medicine response analysis, and anatomical change quantification. Existing methods are time consuming and require massive manual interaction. To address these issues, an automatic algorithm based on GrabCut (AUGC) is proposed in this paper. The presented method designs automated GrabCut initialization for incomplete labeling and is sped up with multicore parallel programming. To verify performance, AUGC is applied to segment thirty-two in vivo UST volumetric images. The performance of AUGC is validated with breast overlapping metrics (Dice coefficient (D), Jaccard (J), and False positive (FP)) and time cost (TC). Furthermore, AUGC is compared to other methods, including Confidence Connected Region Growing (CCRG), watershed, and Active Contour based Curve Delineation (ACCD). Experimental results indicate that AUGC achieves the highest accuracy (D = 0.9275 and J = 0.8660 and FP = 0.0077) and takes on average about 4 seconds to process a volumetric image. It was said that AUGC benefits large-scale studies by using UST images for breast cancer screening and pathological quantification.
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Yu S, Wu S, Zhuang L, Wei X, Sak M, Neb D, Hu J, Xie Y. Efficient Segmentation of a Breast in B-Mode Ultrasound Tomography Using Three-Dimensional GrabCut (GC3D). SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 17:E1827. [PMID: 28786946 PMCID: PMC5580039 DOI: 10.3390/s17081827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging modality for whole breast imaging, ultrasound tomography (UST), has been adopted for diagnostic purposes. Efficient segmentation of an entire breast in UST images plays an important role in quantitative tissue analysis and cancer diagnosis, while major existing methods suffer from considerable time consumption and intensive user interaction. This paper explores three-dimensional GrabCut (GC3D) for breast isolation in thirty reflection (B-mode) UST volumetric images. The algorithm can be conveniently initialized by localizing points to form a polygon, which covers the potential breast region. Moreover, two other variations of GrabCut and an active contour method were compared. Algorithm performance was evaluated from volume overlap ratios ( T O , target overlap; M O , mean overlap; F P , false positive; F N , false negative) and time consumption. Experimental results indicate that GC3D considerably reduced the work load and achieved good performance ( T O = 0.84; M O = 0.91; F P = 0.006; F N = 0.16) within an average of 1.2 min per volume. Furthermore, GC3D is not only user friendly, but also robust to various inputs, suggesting its great potential to facilitate clinical applications during whole-breast UST imaging. In the near future, the implemented GC3D can be easily automated to tackle B-mode UST volumetric images acquired from the updated imaging system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaode Yu
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Shibin Wu
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Ling Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, the Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Xinhua Wei
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou first Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China.
| | - Mark Sak
- Department of Oncology, the Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Inc., Plymouth, Detroit, MI 46701, USA.
| | - Duric Neb
- Department of Oncology, the Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Inc., Plymouth, Detroit, MI 46701, USA.
| | - Jiani Hu
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Yaoqin Xie
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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O'Flynn EA, Fromageau J, Ledger AE, Messa A, D'Aquino A, Schoemaker MJ, Schmidt M, Duric N, Swerdlow AJ, Bamber JC. Ultrasound Tomography Evaluation of Breast Density: A Comparison With Noncontrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Invest Radiol 2017; 52:343-348. [PMID: 28121639 PMCID: PMC5417582 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ultrasound tomography (UST) is an emerging whole-breast 3-dimensional imaging technique that obtains quantitative tomograms of speed of sound of the entire breast. The imaged parameter is the speed of sound which is used as a surrogate measure of density at each voxel and holds promise as a method to evaluate breast density without ionizing radiation. This study evaluated the technique of UST and compared whole-breast volume averaged speed of sound (VASS) with MR percent water content from noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-three healthy female volunteers (median age, 40 years; range, 29-59 years) underwent bilateral breast UST and MRI using a 2-point Dixon technique. Reproducibility of VASS was evaluated using Bland-Altman analysis. Volume averaged speed of sound and MR percent water were evaluated and compared using Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS The mean ± standard deviation VASS measurement was 1463 ± 29 m s (range, 1434-1542 m s). There was high similarity between right (1464 ± 30 m s) and left (1462 ± 28 m s) breasts (P = 0.113) (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.98). Mean MR percent water content was 35.7% ± 14.7% (range, 13.2%-75.3%), with small but significant differences between right and left breasts (36.3% ± 14.9% and 35.1% ± 14.7%, respectively; P = 0.004). There was a very strong correlation between VASS and MR percent water density (r = 0.96, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Ultrasound tomography holds promise as a reliable and reproducible 3-dimensional technique to provide a surrogate measure of breast density and correlates strongly with MR percent water content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A.M. O'Flynn
- From the *Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre; †Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; ‡Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; §Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; ∥Delphinus Medical Technologies, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; and ¶Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, and Division of Breast Cancer Research Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremie Fromageau
- From the *Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre; †Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; ‡Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; §Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; ∥Delphinus Medical Technologies, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; and ¶Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, and Division of Breast Cancer Research Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Araminta E. Ledger
- From the *Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre; †Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; ‡Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; §Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; ∥Delphinus Medical Technologies, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; and ¶Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, and Division of Breast Cancer Research Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Messa
- From the *Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre; †Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; ‡Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; §Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; ∥Delphinus Medical Technologies, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; and ¶Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, and Division of Breast Cancer Research Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley D'Aquino
- From the *Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre; †Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; ‡Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; §Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; ∥Delphinus Medical Technologies, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; and ¶Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, and Division of Breast Cancer Research Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Minouk J. Schoemaker
- From the *Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre; †Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; ‡Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; §Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; ∥Delphinus Medical Technologies, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; and ¶Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, and Division of Breast Cancer Research Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Schmidt
- From the *Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre; †Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; ‡Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; §Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; ∥Delphinus Medical Technologies, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; and ¶Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, and Division of Breast Cancer Research Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neb Duric
- From the *Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre; †Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; ‡Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; §Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; ∥Delphinus Medical Technologies, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; and ¶Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, and Division of Breast Cancer Research Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony J. Swerdlow
- From the *Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre; †Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; ‡Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; §Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; ∥Delphinus Medical Technologies, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; and ¶Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, and Division of Breast Cancer Research Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey C. Bamber
- From the *Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre; †Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; ‡Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; §Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; ∥Delphinus Medical Technologies, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; and ¶Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, and Division of Breast Cancer Research Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
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30
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Sak M, Duric N, Littrup P, Sherman M, Gierach G. Ultrasound tomography imaging with waveform sound speed: Parenchymal changes in women undergoing tamoxifen therapy. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2017; 10139. [PMID: 29046597 DOI: 10.1117/12.2254472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound tomography (UST) is an emerging modality that can offer quantitative measurements of breast density. Recent breakthroughs in UST image reconstruction involve the use of a waveform reconstruction as opposed to a ray-based reconstruction. The sound speed (SS) images that are created using the waveform reconstruction have a much higher image quality. These waveform images offer improved resolution and contrasts between regions of dense and fatty tissues. As part of a study that was designed to assess breast density changes using UST sound speed imaging among women undergoing tamoxifen therapy, UST waveform sound speed images were then reconstructed for a subset of participants. These initial results show that changes to the parenchymal tissue can more clearly be visualized when using the waveform sound speed images. Additional quantitative testing of the waveform images was also started to test the hypothesis that waveform sound speed images are a more robust measure of breast density than ray-based reconstructions. Further analysis is still needed to better understand how tamoxifen affects breast tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Sak
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, 45525 Grand River, Novi, MI, 48374
| | - Neb Duric
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, 45525 Grand River, Novi, MI, 48374
| | - Peter Littrup
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, 45525 Grand River, Novi, MI, 48374
| | | | - Gretchen Gierach
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr. MSC 9774, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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31
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Sak M, Duric N, Littrup P, Bey-Knight L, Ali H, Vallieres P, Sherman ME, Gierach GL. Using Speed of Sound Imaging to Characterize Breast Density. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2017; 43:91-103. [PMID: 27692872 PMCID: PMC5761326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A population of 165 women with negative mammographic screens also received an ultrasound tomography (UST) examination at the Karmanos Cancer Institute in Detroit, MI. Standard statistical techniques were employed to measure the associations between the various mammographic- and UST-related density measures and various participant characteristics such as age, weight and height. The mammographic percent density (MPD) was found to have similar strength associations with UST mean sound speed (Spearman coefficient, rs = 0.722, p < 0.001) and UST median sound speed (rs = 0.737, p < 0.001). Both were stronger than the associations between MPD with two separate measures of UST percent density, a k-means (rs = 0.568, p < 0.001) or a threshold (rs = 0.715, p < 0.001) measure. Segmentation of the UST sound speed images into dense and non-dense volumes showed weak to moderate associations with the mammographically equivalent measures. Relationships were found to be inversely and weakly associated between age and the UST mean sound speed (rs = -0.239, p = 0.002), UST median sound speed (rs = -0.226, p = 0.004) and MPD (rs = -0.204, p = 0.008). Relationships were found to be inversely and moderately associated between body mass index (BMI) and the UST mean sound speed (rs = -0.429, p < 0.001), UST median sound speed (rs = -0.447, p < 0.001) and MPD (rs = -0.489, p < 0.001). The results confirm and strengthen findings presented in previous work indicating that UST sound speed imaging yields viable markers of breast density in a manner consistent with mammography, the current clinical standard. These results lay the groundwork for further studies to assess the role of sound speed imaging in risk prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Sak
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Plymouth, MI, USA.
| | - Neb Duric
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Plymouth, MI, USA
| | - Peter Littrup
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Plymouth, MI, USA; Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lisa Bey-Knight
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Mark E Sherman
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gretchen L Gierach
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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32
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Manning M, Purrington K, Penner L, Duric N, Albrecht TL. Between-race differences in the effects of breast density information and information about new imaging technology on breast-health decision-making. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2016; 99:1002-10. [PMID: 26847421 PMCID: PMC4988060 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Some US states have mandated that women be informed when they have dense breasts; however, little is known about how general knowledge about breast density (BD) affects related health decision-making. We examined the effects of BD information and imaging technology information on 138 African-American (AA) and European-American (EA) women's intentions to discuss breast cancer screening with their physicians. METHODS Women were randomly assigned to receive BD information and/or imaging technology information via 2 by 2 factorial design, and completed planned behavior measures (e.g., attitudes, intentions) related to BC screening. RESULTS Attitudes mediated the effects of BD information, and the mediation was stronger for AA women compared to EA women. Effects were more robust for BD information compared to imaging technology information. Results of moderator analyses revealed suppressor effects of injunctive norms that were moderated by imaging technology information. CONCLUSION Information about BD favorably influences women's intentions to engage in relevant breast health behaviors. Stronger attitude mediated-effects for AA women suggest greater scrutiny of BD information. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Since BD information may influence women's intentions to discuss BC screening, strategies to effectively present BD information to AA women should be investigated given the likelihood of their increased scrutiny of BD information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Manning
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.
| | - Kristen Purrington
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Louis Penner
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Neb Duric
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Terrance L Albrecht
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
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33
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Mundinger A. 3D Supine Automated Ultrasound (SAUS, ABUS, ABVS) for Supplemental Screening Women with Dense Breasts. THE JOURNAL OF BREAST HEALTH 2016; 12:52-55. [PMID: 28331733 DOI: 10.5152/tjbh.2016.2940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Mundinger
- Niels-Stensen-Clinics, Department of Radiology, MHO and Breast Centre Osnabrueck, FHH, Georgsmarienhuette, Academic Hospitals, Germany
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34
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Sak M, Duric N, Littrup P, Sherman ME, Gierach GL. Using ultrasound tomography to identify the distributions of density throughout the breast. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2016; 9790. [PMID: 28943704 DOI: 10.1117/12.2217611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Women with high breast density are at increased risk of developing breast cancer. Breast density has usually been defined using mammography as the ratio of fibroglandular tissue to total breast area. Ultrasound tomography (UST) is an emerging modality that can also be used to measure breast density. UST creates tomographic sound speed images of the patient's breast which is useful as sound speed is directly proportional to tissue density. Furthermore, the volumetric and quantitative information contained in the sound speed images can be used to describe the distribution of breast density. The work presented here measures the UST sound speed density distributions of 165 women with negative screening mammography. Frequency distributions of the sound speed voxel information were examined for each patient. In a preliminary analysis, the UST sound speed distributions were averaged across patients and grouped by various patient and density-related factors (e.g., age, body mass index, menopausal status, average mammographic breast density). It was found that differences in the distribution of density could be easily visualized for different patient groupings. Furthermore, findings suggest that the shape of the distributions may be used to identify participants with varying amounts of dense and non-dense tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Sak
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, 46701 Commerce Center Dr, Plymouth, MI, 48170
| | - Neb Duric
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, 46701 Commerce Center Dr, Plymouth, MI, 48170
| | - Peter Littrup
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, 46701 Commerce Center Dr, Plymouth, MI, 48170.,Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence RI, 02903
| | - Mark E Sherman
- Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gretchen L Gierach
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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35
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Chen JH, Chan S, Tang YT, Hon JS, Tseng PC, Cheriyan AT, Shah NR, Yeh DC, Lee SK, Chen WP, McLaren CE, Su MY. Impact of positional difference on the measurement of breast density using MRI. Med Phys 2016; 42:2268-75. [PMID: 25979021 DOI: 10.1118/1.4917083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the impact of arms/hands and body position on the measurement of breast density using MRI. METHODS Noncontrast-enhanced T1-weighted images were acquired from 32 healthy women. Each subject received four MR scans using different experimental settings, including a high resolution hands-up, a low resolution hands-up, a high resolution hands-down, and finally, another high resolution hands-up after repositioning. The breast segmentation was performed using a fully automatic chest template-based method. The breast volume (BV), fibroglandular tissue volume (FV), and percent density (PD) measured from the four MR scan settings were analyzed. RESULTS A high correlation of BV, FV, and PD between any pair of the four MR scans was noted (r > 0.98 for all). Using the generalized estimating equation method, a statistically significant difference in mean BV among four settings was noted (left breast, score test p = 0.0056; right breast, score test p = 0.0016), adjusted for age and body mass index. Despite differences in BV, there were no statistically significant differences in the mean PDs among the four settings (p > 0.10 for left and right breasts). Using Bland-Altman plots, the smallest mean difference/bias and standard deviations for BV, FV, and PD were noted when comparing hands-up high vs low resolution when the breast positions were exactly the same. CONCLUSIONS The authors' study showed that BV, FV, and PD measurements from MRI of different positions were highly correlated. BV may vary with positions but the measured PD did not differ significantly between positions. The study suggested that the percent density analyzed from MRI studies acquired using different arms/hands and body positions from multiple centers can be combined for analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeon-Hor Chen
- Tu & Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-5020 and Department of Radiology, E-Da Hospital and I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Siwa Chan
- Department of Radiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Tang
- Department of Radiological Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Jia Shen Hon
- Department of Radiological Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chuan Tseng
- Tu & Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-5020
| | - Angela T Cheriyan
- Tu & Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-5020
| | - Nikita Rakesh Shah
- Tu & Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-5020
| | - Dah-Cherng Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - San-Kan Lee
- Department of Radiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Pin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-5020
| | - Christine E McLaren
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-5020
| | - Min-Ying Su
- Tu & Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-5020
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36
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O'Flynn E, Fromageau J, Ledger M, Messa A, D'Aquino A, Schoemaker M, Schmidt M, Duric N, Swerdlow A, Bamber J. Breast density measurements with ultrasound tomography: a comparison with non-contrast MRI. Breast Cancer Res 2015. [PMCID: PMC4670128 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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37
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Khodr ZG, Sak MA, Pfeiffer RM, Duric N, Littrup P, Bey-Knight L, Ali H, Vallieres P, Sherman ME, Gierach GL. Determinants of the reliability of ultrasound tomography sound speed estimates as a surrogate for volumetric breast density. Med Phys 2015; 42:5671-8. [PMID: 26429241 PMCID: PMC4567583 DOI: 10.1118/1.4929985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE High breast density, as measured by mammography, is associated with increased breast cancer risk, but standard methods of assessment have limitations including 2D representation of breast tissue, distortion due to breast compression, and use of ionizing radiation. Ultrasound tomography (UST) is a novel imaging method that averts these limitations and uses sound speed measures rather than x-ray imaging to estimate breast density. The authors evaluated the reproducibility of measures of speed of sound and changes in this parameter using UST. METHODS One experienced and five newly trained raters measured sound speed in serial UST scans for 22 women (two scans per person) to assess inter-rater reliability. Intrarater reliability was assessed for four raters. A random effects model was used to calculate the percent variation in sound speed and change in sound speed attributable to subject, scan, rater, and repeat reads. The authors estimated the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for these measures based on data from the authors' experienced rater. RESULTS Median (range) time between baseline and follow-up UST scans was five (1-13) months. Contributions of factors to sound speed variance were differences between subjects (86.0%), baseline versus follow-up scans (7.5%), inter-rater evaluations (1.1%), and intrarater reproducibility (∼0%). When evaluating change in sound speed between scans, 2.7% and ∼0% of variation were attributed to inter- and intrarater variation, respectively. For the experienced rater's repeat reads, agreement for sound speed was excellent (ICC = 93.4%) and for change in sound speed substantial (ICC = 70.4%), indicating very good reproducibility of these measures. CONCLUSIONS UST provided highly reproducible sound speed measurements, which reflect breast density, suggesting that UST has utility in sensitively assessing change in density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeina G Khodr
- Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC 9774, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Mark A Sak
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC 9774, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Nebojsa Duric
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R, Detroit, Michigan 48201 and Delphinus Medical Technologies, 46701 Commerce Center Drive, Plymouth, Michigan 48170
| | - Peter Littrup
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R, Detroit, Michigan 48201 and Delphinus Medical Technologies, 46701 Commerce Center Drive, Plymouth, Michigan 48170
| | - Lisa Bey-Knight
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Haythem Ali
- Henry Ford Health System, 2799 W Grand Boulevard, Detroit, Michigan 48202
| | - Patricia Vallieres
- Henry Ford Health System, 2799 W Grand Boulevard, Detroit, Michigan 48202
| | - Mark E Sherman
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC 9774, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Gretchen L Gierach
- Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC 9774, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Adibi S. Mobile Health (mHealth) biomedical imaging paradigm. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2015; 2013:6453-7. [PMID: 24111219 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6611032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Technology assisted methods for medical diagnosis and biomedical health monitoring are rapidly shifting from classical invasive methods to handheld-based non-invasive approaches. Biomedical imagining is one of the most prominent practices of non-invasive mechanisms in medical applications. This paper considers the medical imaging schemes for Mobile Health (mHealth) applications and studies the feasibility of future mobile systems for accommodating image informatics capabilities.
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Sak MA, Littrup PJ, Duric N, Mullooly M, Sherman ME, Gierach GL. Current and Future Methods for Measuring Breast Density: A Brief Comparative Review. BREAST CANCER MANAGEMENT 2015; 4:209-221. [PMID: 28943893 PMCID: PMC5609705 DOI: 10.2217/bmt.15.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast density is one of the strongest predictors of breast cancer risk. Women with the densest breasts are 4 to 6 times more likely to develop cancer compared with those with the lowest densities. Breast density is generally assessed using mammographic imaging; however, this approach has limitations. Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound tomography are some alternative imaging modalities that can aid mammography in patient screening and the measurement of breast density. As breast density becomes more commonly discussed, knowledge of the advantages and limitations of breast density as a marker of risk will become more critical. This review article discusses the relationship between breast density and breast cancer risk, lists the benefits and drawbacks of using multiple different imaging modalities to measure density and briefly discusses how breast density will be applied to aid in breast cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Sak
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R Street, Detroit MI 48201
| | - Peter J Littrup
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, 46701 Commerce Center Dr, Plymouth, MI, 48170
- Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence RI, 02903
| | - Neb Duric
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R Street, Detroit MI 48201
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, 46701 Commerce Center Dr, Plymouth, MI, 48170
| | - Maeve Mullooly
- Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark E Sherman
- Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gretchen L Gierach
- Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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van Sloun R, Pandharipande A, Mischi M, Demi L. Compressed sensing for ultrasound computed tomography. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2015; 62:1660-4. [PMID: 25872207 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2015.2422135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound computed tomography (UCT) allows the reconstruction of quantitative tissue characteristics, such as speed of sound, mass density, and attenuation. Lowering its acquisition time would be beneficial; however, this is fundamentally limited by the physical time of flight and the number of transmission events. In this letter, we propose a compressed sensing solution for UCT. The adopted measurement scheme is based on compressed acquisitions, with concurrent randomised transmissions in a circular array configuration. Reconstruction of the image is then obtained by combining the born iterative method and total variation minimization, thereby exploiting variation sparsity in the image domain. Evaluation using simulated UCT scattering measurements shows that the proposed transmission scheme performs better than uniform undersampling, and is able to reduce acquisition time by almost one order of magnitude, while maintaining high spatial resolution.
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Hopp T, Duric N, Ruiter NV. Image fusion of Ultrasound Computer Tomography volumes with X-ray mammograms using a biomechanical model based 2D/3D registration. Comput Med Imaging Graph 2015; 40:170-81. [PMID: 25456144 DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound Computer Tomography (USCT) is a promising breast imaging modality under development. Comparison to a standard method like mammography is essential for further development. Due to significant differences in image dimensionality and compression state of the breast, correlating USCT images and X-ray mammograms is challenging. In this paper we present a 2D/3D registration method to improve the spatial correspondence and allow direct comparison of the images. It is based on biomechanical modeling of the breast and simulation of the mammographic compression. We investigate the effect of including patient-specific material parameters estimated automatically from USCT images. The method was systematically evaluated using numerical phantoms and in-vivo data. The average registration accuracy using the automated registration was 11.9mm. Based on the registered images a method for analysis of the diagnostic value of the USCT images was developed and initially applied to analyze sound speed and attenuation images based on X-ray mammograms as ground truth. Combining sound speed and attenuation allows differentiating lesions from surrounding tissue. Overlaying this information on mammograms, combines quantitative and morphological information for multimodal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hopp
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Data Processing and Electronics, Postbox 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - N Duric
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - N V Ruiter
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Data Processing and Electronics, Postbox 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Abstract
In this review we present the current status of ultrasound thermometry and ablation monitoring, with emphasis on the diverse approaches published in the literature and with an eye on which methods are closest to clinical reality. It is hoped that this review will serve as a guide to the expansion of sonographic methods for treatment monitoring and thermometry since the last brief review in 2007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Lewis
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas
| | - Robert M. Staruch
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas
- Ultrasound Imaging & Interventions, Philips Research North America
| | - Rajiv Chopra
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas
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Koch A, Stiller F, Lerch R, Ermert H. An ultrasound tomography system with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) moldings for coupling: in vivo results for 3-D pulse-echo imaging of the female breast. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2015; 62:266-279. [PMID: 25643077 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2014.006494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Full-angle spatial compounding (FASC) is a concept for pulse-echo imaging using an ultrasound tomography (UST) system. With FASC, resolution is increased and speckles are suppressed by averaging pulse-echo data from 360°. In vivo investigations have already shown a great potential for 2-D FASC in the female breast as well as for finger-joint imaging. However, providing a small number of images of parallel cross-sectional planes with enhanced image quality is not sufficient for diagnosis. Therefore, volume data (3-D) is needed. For this purpose, we further developed our UST add-on system to automatically rotate a motorized array (3-D probe) around the object of investigation. Full integration of external motor and ultrasound electronics control in a custom-made program allows acquisition of 3-D pulse-echo RF datasets within 10 min. In case of breast cancer imaging, this concept also enables imaging of near-thorax tissue regions which cannot be achieved by 2-D FASC. Furthermore, moldings made of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel (PVA-H) have been developed as a new acoustic coupling concept. It has a great potential to replace the water bath technique in UST, which is a critical concept with respect to clinical investigations. In this contribution, we present in vivo results for 3-D FASC applied to imaging a female breast which has been placed in a PVA-H molding during data acquisition. An algorithm is described to compensate time-of-flight and consider refraction at the water-PVA-H molding and molding-tissue interfaces. Therefore, the mean speed of sound (SOS) for the breast tissue is estimated with an image-based method. Our results show that the PVA-H molding concept is applicable and feasible and delivers good results. 3-D FASC is superior to 2-D FASC and provides 3-D volume data at increased image quality.
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Sak M, Duric N, Littrup P, Bey-Knight L, Sherman M, Gierach G, Malyarenko A. Comparison of sound speed measurements on two different ultrasound tomography devices. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2014; 9040:90400S. [PMID: 25309102 PMCID: PMC4188438 DOI: 10.1117/12.2043113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound tomography (UST) employs sound waves to produce three-dimensional images of breast tissue and precisely measures the sound speed of breast tissue composition. High breast density is a strong breast cancer risk factor and sound speed is directly proportional to breast density. UST provides a quantitative measure of breast density based on three-dimensional imaging without compression, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of many other imaging modalities. The quantitative nature of the UST breast density measures are tied to an external standard, so sound speed measurement in breast tissue should be independent of specific hardware. The work presented here compares breast sound speed measurement obtained with two different UST devices. The Computerized Ultrasound Risk Evaluation (CURE) system located at the Karmanos Cancer Institute in Detroit, Michigan was recently replaced with the SoftVue ultrasound tomographic device. Ongoing clinical trials have used images generated from both sets of hardware, so maintaining consistency in sound speed measurements is important. During an overlap period when both systems were in the same exam room, a total of 12 patients had one or both of their breasts imaged on both systems on the same day. There were 22 sound speed scans analyzed from each system and the average breast sound speeds were compared. Images were either reconstructed using saved raw data (for both CURE and SoftVue) or were created during the image acquisition (saved in DICOM format for SoftVue scans only). The sound speed measurements from each system were strongly and positively correlated with each other. The average difference in sound speed between the two sets of data was on the order of 1-2 m/s and this result was not statistically significant. The only sets of images that showed a statistical difference were the DICOM images created during the SoftVue scan compared to the SoftVue images reconstructed from the raw data. However, the discrepancy between the sound speed values could be easily handled by uniformly increasing the DICOM sound speed by approximately 0.5 m/s. These results suggest that there is no fundamental difference in sound speed measurement for the two systems and support combining data generated with these instruments in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Sak
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R Street, Detroit MI 48201
| | - Neb Duric
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R Street, Detroit MI 48201 ; Delphinus Medical Technologies, 46701 Commerce Center Dr, Plymouth, MI, 48170
| | - Peter Littrup
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R Street, Detroit MI 48201 ; Delphinus Medical Technologies, 46701 Commerce Center Dr, Plymouth, MI, 48170
| | - Lisa Bey-Knight
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R Street, Detroit MI 48201
| | - Mark Sherman
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention, Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Research Group, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 5E334, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Gretchen Gierach
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rm. 7-E108, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Antonina Malyarenko
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R Street, Detroit MI 48201
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