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Cheng Z, Li Y, Pine MK, Zuo T, Niu M, Wang J. Association between porpoise presence and fish choruses: implications for feeding strategies and ecosystem-based conservation of the East Asian finless porpoise. Integr Zool 2023; 18:169-182. [PMID: 35267235 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The associations between feeding activities and environmental variables inform animal feeding tactics that maximize energetic gains by minimizing energy costs while maximizing feeding success. Relevant studies in aquatic animals, particularly marine mammals, are scarce due to difficulties in the observation of feeding behaviors in aquatic environments. This data scarcity concurrently hinders ecosystem-based fishery management in the context of small toothed-cetacean conservation. In the present study, a passive acoustic monitoring station was deployed in an East Asian finless porpoise habitat in Laizhou Bay to investigate potential relationships between East Asian finless porpoises and their prey. The data revealed that porpoises were acoustically present nearly every day during the survey period. Porpoise detection rates differed between spring and autumn in concert with activities of fish choruses. During spring, fish choruses were present throughout the afternoon, and this was the time when porpoise vocalizations were the most frequently detected. During autumn, when fish choruses were absent, porpoise detection rates decreased, and diurnal patterns were not detected. The close association between fish choruses and finless porpoise activities implies an "eavesdropping" feeding strategy to maximize energetic gains, similar to other toothed cetaceans that are known to engage similar feeding strategies. Underwater noise pollution, particularly those masking fish choruses, could interrupt finless porpoises' feeding success. Fisheries competing soniferous fishes with finless porpoise could impact finless porpoise viability through ecosystem disruption, in addition to fishing gear entanglement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolong Cheng
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Matthew Keith Pine
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tao Zuo
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Mingxiang Niu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
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2
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Di Franco E, Pierson P, Di Iorio L, Calò A, Cottalorda JM, Derijard B, Di Franco A, Galvé A, Guibbolini M, Lebrun J, Micheli F, Priouzeau F, Risso-de Faverney C, Rossi F, Sabourault C, Spennato G, Verrando P, Guidetti P. Effects of marine noise pollution on Mediterranean fishes and invertebrates: A review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 159:111450. [PMID: 32892911 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Marine noise pollution (MNP) can cause a multitude of impacts on many organisms, but information is often scattered and general outcomes difficult to assess. We have reviewed the literature on MNP impacts on Mediterranean fish and invertebrates. Both chronic and acute MNP produced by various human activities - e.g. maritime traffic, pile driving, air guns - were found to cause detectable effects on intra-specific communication, vital processes, physiology, behavioral patterns, health status and survival. These effects on individuals can extend to inducing population- and ecosystem-wide alterations, especially when MNP impacts functionally important species, such as keystone predators and habitat forming species. Curbing the threats of MNP in the Mediterranean Sea is a challenging task, but a variety of measures could be adopted to mitigate MNP impacts. Successful measures will require more accurate information on impacts and that effective management of MNP really becomes a priority in the policy makers' agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Di Franco
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035 ECOSEAS, Nice, France.
| | - P Pierson
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035 ECOSEAS, Nice, France
| | - L Di Iorio
- CHORUS Institute, Phelma Minatec, 38016 Grenoble, France; Foundation of the Grenoble Institute of Technology, 38031 Grenoble, France
| | - A Calò
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035 ECOSEAS, Nice, France; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 20-22, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - J M Cottalorda
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035 ECOSEAS, Nice, France
| | - B Derijard
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035 ECOSEAS, Nice, France
| | - A Di Franco
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035 ECOSEAS, Nice, France; Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Sicily, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo (complesso Roosevelt), 90149 Palermo, Italy
| | - A Galvé
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IRD, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Géoazur, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - M Guibbolini
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035 ECOSEAS, Nice, France
| | - J Lebrun
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7271 I3S, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - F Micheli
- Hopkins Marine Station and Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
| | - F Priouzeau
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035 ECOSEAS, Nice, France
| | | | - F Rossi
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035 ECOSEAS, Nice, France
| | - C Sabourault
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035 ECOSEAS, Nice, France
| | - G Spennato
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035 ECOSEAS, Nice, France
| | - P Verrando
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose (iBV, INSERM U1091 - CNRS UMR7277), Nice, France
| | - P Guidetti
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035 ECOSEAS, Nice, France; CoNISMa (National Interuniversitary Consortium of Marine Sciences), P.le Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy; Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
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Kunc HP, McLaughlin KE, Schmidt R. Aquatic noise pollution: implications for individuals, populations, and ecosystems. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 283:rspb.2016.0839. [PMID: 27534952 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.0839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenically driven environmental changes affect our planet at an unprecedented scale and are considered to be a key threat to biodiversity. According to the World Health Organization, anthropogenic noise is one of the most hazardous forms of anthropogenically driven environmental change and is recognized as a major global pollutant. However, crucial advances in the rapidly emerging research on noise pollution focus exclusively on single aspects of noise pollution, e.g. on behaviour, physiology, terrestrial ecosystems, or on certain taxa. Given that more than two-thirds of our planet is covered with water, there is a pressing need to get a holistic understanding of the effects of anthropogenic noise in aquatic ecosystems. We found experimental evidence for negative effects of anthropogenic noise on an individual's development, physiology, and/or behaviour in both invertebrates and vertebrates. We also found that species differ in their response to noise, and highlight the potential underlying mechanisms for these differences. Finally, we point out challenges in the study of aquatic noise pollution and provide directions for future research, which will enhance our understanding of this globally present pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansjoerg P Kunc
- School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Kirsty Elizabeth McLaughlin
- School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Rouven Schmidt
- School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
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Zielinski DP, Sorensen PW. Silver, bighead, and common carp orient to acoustic particle motion when avoiding a complex sound. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180110. [PMID: 28654676 PMCID: PMC5487063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral responses of silver carp (Hypopthalmichthys molitrix), bighead carp (H. nobilis), and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to a complex, broadband sound were tested in the absence of visual cues to determine whether these species are negatively phonotaxic and the roles that sound pressure and particle motion might play mediating this response. In a dark featureless square enclosure, groups of 3 fish were tracked and the distance of each fish from speakers and their swimming trajectories relative to sound pressure and particle acceleration were analyzed before, and then while an outboard motor sound was played. All three species exhibited negative phonotaxis during the first two exposures after which they ceased responding. The median percent time fish spent near the active speaker for the first two trials decreased from 7.0% to 1.3% for silver carp, 7.9% to 1.1% for bighead carp, and 9.5% to 3% for common carp. Notably, when close to the active speaker fish swam away from the source and maintained a nearly perfect 0° orientation to the axes of particle acceleration. Fish did not enter sound fields greater than 140 dB (ref. 1 μPa). These results demonstrate that carp avoid complex sounds in darkness and while initial responses may be informed by sound pressure, sustained oriented avoidance behavior is likely mediated by particle motion. This understanding of how invasive carp use particle motion to guide avoidance could be used to design new acoustic deterrents to divert them in dark, turbid river waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P. Zielinski
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Peter W. Sorensen
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
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5
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Langkau MC, Clavé D, Schmidt MB, Borcherding J. Spawning behaviour of Allis shad Alosa alosa: new insights based on imaging sonar data. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2016; 88:2263-2274. [PMID: 27126879 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Spawning behaviour of Alosa alosa was observed by high resolution imaging sonar. Detected clouds of sexual products and micro bubbles served as a potential indicator of spawning activity. Peak spawning time was between 0130 and 0200 hours at night. Increasing detections over three consecutive nights were consistent with sounds of mating events (bulls) assessed in hearing surveys in parallel to the hydro acoustic detection. In 70% of the analysed mating events there were no additional A. alosa joining the event whilst 70% of the mating events showed one or two A. alosa leaving the cloud. In 31% of the analysed mating events, however, three or more A. alosa were leaving the clouds, indicating that matings are not restricted to a pair. Imaging sonar is suitable for monitoring spawning activity and behaviour of anadromous clupeids in their spawning habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Langkau
- Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Ecological Research Station Grietherbusch, 50674, Cologne, Germany
- LFV Hydroakustik GmbH, 48159, Münster, Germany
| | - D Clavé
- Association MI.GA.DO., 47520, Le Passage d'Agen, France
| | - M B Schmidt
- LFV Hydroakustik GmbH, 48159, Münster, Germany
- Landesfischereiverband Westfalen und Lippe e.V., 48159, Münster, Germany
| | - J Borcherding
- Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Ecological Research Station Grietherbusch, 50674, Cologne, Germany
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6
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Ladich F. Fish bioacoustics. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2014; 28:121-7. [PMID: 25062472 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2014.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Bony fishes have evolved a diversity of sound generating mechanisms and produce a variety of sounds. By contrast to sound generating mechanisms, which are lacking in several taxa, all fish species possess inner ears for sound detection. Fishes may also have various accessory structures such as auditory ossicles to improve hearing. The distribution of sound generating mechanisms and accessory hearing structures among fishes indicates that acoustic communication was not the driving force in their evolution. It is proposed here that different constraints influenced hearing and sound production during fish evolution, namely certain life history traits (territoriality, mate attraction) in the case of sound generating mechanisms, and adaptation to different soundscapes (ambient noise conditions) in accessory hearing structures (Ecoacoustical constraints hypothesis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich Ladich
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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7
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Fenton B, Jensen FH, Kalko EKV, Tyack PL. Sonar Signals of Bats and Toothed Whales. BIOSONAR 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-9146-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Wilson M, Wahlberg M, Surlykke A, Madsen PT. Ultrasonic predator-prey interactions in water-convergent evolution with insects and bats in air? Front Physiol 2013; 4:137. [PMID: 23781206 PMCID: PMC3679510 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Toothed whales and bats have independently evolved biosonar systems to navigate and locate and catch prey. Such active sensing allows them to operate in darkness, but with the potential cost of warning prey by the emission of intense ultrasonic signals. At least six orders of nocturnal insects have independently evolved ears sensitive to ultrasound and exhibit evasive maneuvers when exposed to bat calls. Among aquatic prey on the other hand, the ability to detect and avoid ultrasound emitting predators seems to be limited to only one subfamily of Clupeidae: the Alosinae (shad and menhaden). These differences are likely rooted in the different physical properties of air and water where cuticular mechanoreceptors have been adapted to serve as ultrasound sensitive ears, whereas ultrasound detection in water have called for sensory cells mechanically connected to highly specialized gas volumes that can oscillate at high frequencies. In addition, there are most likely differences in the risk of predation between insects and fish from echolocating predators. The selection pressure among insects for evolving ultrasound sensitive ears is high, because essentially all nocturnal predation on flying insects stems from echolocating bats. In the interaction between toothed whales and their prey the selection pressure seems weaker, because toothed whales are by no means the only marine predators placing a selection pressure on their prey to evolve specific means to detect and avoid them. Toothed whales can generate extremely intense sound pressure levels, and it has been suggested that they may use these to debilitate prey. Recent experiments, however, show that neither fish with swim bladders, nor squid are debilitated by such signals. This strongly suggests that the production of high amplitude ultrasonic clicks serve the function of improving the detection range of the toothed whale biosonar system rather than debilitation of prey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Wilson
- Department of Bioscience, The Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of OsloOslo, Norway
| | - Magnus Wahlberg
- Institute of Biology, University of Southern DenmarkOdense, Denmark
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Niesterok B, Hanke W. Hydrodynamic patterns from fast-starts in teleost fish and their possible relevance to predator-prey interactions. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2012. [PMID: 23180046 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-012-0775-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Fast-starts are distributed over a wide phylogenetic range of fish and are used for different purposes such as striking at prey or escaping from predators. Here we investigated 42 fast-starts of rainbow trouts (Oncorhynchus mykiss) elicited by a startle stimulus. We investigated the patterns of water movements left behind by the escaping fish and their possible value as a source of information to piscivorous predators that rely on hydrodynamic sensory systems. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements revealed a temporal extension of up to 25.5 min and a spatial extension of up to 1.53 m (extrapolated) for a certain flow structure called jet 1, that is the flow produced by the tail fin. Duration and spatial extension of jet 2, the flow produced by the body, were on average lower, and both jets differed in size. The fish escaped in a mean direction approximately parallel to jet 1, and antiparallel to jet 2, with a range well above 200°. This study quantified the flow patterns generated by escaping fish and, as piscivorous predators would greatly benefit from being able to analyse these flow patterns, provides cues for the behavioural and physiological investigation of hydrodynamic sensory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Niesterok
- Sensory and Cognitive Ecology, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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Schack HB, Malte H, Madsen PT. The responses of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) to ultrasound-emitting predators: stress, behavioural changes or debilitation? J Exp Biol 2008; 211:2079-86. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.015081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
A previous study has reported that Atlantic cod can be conditioned to detect ultrasonic sound pulses of high intensity. This capability has been proposed as a mean for detection and avoidance of echolocating toothed whales that emit intense ultrasonic clicks. In this study, we use acoustic playbacks to test the hypotheses that unconditioned cod can detect and respond to intense ultrasound from toothed whales and from echosounders. Intense ultrasound exposure of 210 dB re. 1μPa (pp) did not cause a short-term stress response in the form of bradycardia in unconditioned cod. Free-swimming cod exposed to ultrasonic clicks and echosounder pulses with received levels of more than 204 dB re. 1 μPa (pp) did not elicit flight responses as seen in ultrasound detecting Alosinae. Furthermore, we tested the debilitating effects of high intensity ultrasound on swimming cod with no detected changes in swimming ability when exposed to more than 213 dB re. 1 μPa (pp). It is concluded that intense ultrasound exposure induces neither an antipredator nor a stress response in Atlantic cod, and that echosounder pulses and biosonar clicks therefore most probably play no ecophysiological role in wild cod populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette B. Schack
- Zoophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Aarhus, Bldn. 1131, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Hans Malte
- Zoophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Aarhus, Bldn. 1131, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Peter T. Madsen
- Zoophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Aarhus, Bldn. 1131, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
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