Motallebzadeh H, Puria S. Stimulus-frequency otoacoustic emissions and middle-ear pressure gains in a finite-element mouse model.
THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022;
152:2769. [PMID:
36456266 PMCID:
PMC9643045 DOI:
10.1121/10.0014901]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
For evoked otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), the stimulus and emission signals traverse the middle ear (ME) in forward and reverse directions, respectively. In this study, a fully coupled three-dimensional finite-element model of the mouse ear canal (EC), ME, and cochlea was used to calculate ME pressure gains, impedances, and reflectances at the EC-entrance and stapes-footplate-cochlear-fluid interfaces. The cochlear model incorporates a series of interdigitated Y-shaped structures sandwiched between the basilar membrane and reticular lamina, each comprised of a Deiters' cell, its phalangeal-process extension, and an outer hair cell (OHC). By introducing random perturbations to the OHC gains, stimulation-frequency otoacoustic emissions (SFOAEs) were generated. Raising the perturbation magnitude from 10% to 80% increased the SFOAE magnitude by up to 24 dB in the 10-30 kHz frequency range. Increasing or decreasing the stiffness of the stapes annular ligament and eardrum by a factor of 8 changed the SFOAEs by up to 30 dB, but the round-trip ME gain as measured could not account for this. A modified round-trip ME gain, with reflections removed at the EC-entrance and stapes-cochlea boundaries, eliminated a ±10 dB discrepancy and allowed ME changes to be quantitatively associated with changes in measured OAEs.
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