1
|
Kurz M, Ulrich M, Bittner A, Bünemann M. DP2 receptor activity sensor suited for antagonist screening and measurement of receptor dynamics in real-time. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8178. [PMID: 38589416 PMCID: PMC11374897 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58410-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The DP2 receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor involved in allergic inflammation and is the target of recently developed antagonists already being tested in clinics. To get insights into DP2 receptor dynamics and to study its pharmacology on the level of the receptor, we constructed a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based conformation sensor. The sensor reflects the selectivity profile of the DP2 receptor-wt and is suited for screening of agonists and antagonists due to its robust response. Furthermore, the sensor enables the direct measurement of DP2 receptor dynamics in real-time and revealed markedly distinct on- and off-rates of prostaglandin D2 between DP2 and DP1 receptors, suggesting a different mechanism of ligand receptor interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kurz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Ulrich
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alwina Bittner
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Bünemann
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li W, Crouse KK, Alley J, Frisbie RK, Fish SC, Andreyeva TA, Reed LA, Thorn M, DiMaggio G, Donovan CB, Bennett D, Garren J, Oziolor E, Qian J, Newman L, Vargas AP, Kumpf SW, Steyn SJ, Schnute ME, Thorarensen A, Hegen M, Stevens E, Collinge M, Lanz TA, Vincent F, Vincent MS, Berstein G. A Novel C-C Chemoattractant Cytokine (Chemokine) Receptor 6 (CCR6) Antagonist (PF-07054894) Distinguishes between Homologous Chemokine Receptors, Increases Basal Circulating CCR6 + T Cells, and Ameliorates Interleukin-23-Induced Skin Inflammation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 386:80-92. [PMID: 37142443 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Blocking chemokine receptor C-C chemoattractant cytokine (chemokine) receptor (CCR) 6-dependent T cell migration has therapeutic promise in inflammatory diseases. PF-07054894 is a novel CCR6 antagonist that blocked only CCR6, CCR7, and C-X-C chemoattractant cytokine (chemokine) receptor (CXCR) 2 in a β-arrestin assay panel of 168 G protein-coupled receptors. Inhibition of CCR6-mediated human T cell chemotaxis by (R)-4-((2-(((1,4-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)(1-methylcyclopentyl)methyl)amino)-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)amino)-3-hydroxy-N,N-dimethylpicolinamide (PF-07054894) was insurmountable by CCR6 ligand, C-C motif ligand (CCL) 20. In contrast, blockade of CCR7-dependent chemotaxis in human T cells and CXCR2-dependent chemotaxis in human neutrophils by PF-07054894 were surmountable by CCL19 and C-X-C motif ligand 1, respectively. [3H]-PF-07054894 showed a slower dissociation rate for CCR6 than for CCR7 and CXCR2 suggesting that differences in chemotaxis patterns of inhibition could be attributable to offset kinetics. Consistent with this notion, an analog of PF-07054894 with fast dissociation rate showed surmountable inhibition of CCL20/CCR6 chemotaxis. Furthermore, pre-equilibration of T cells with PF-07054894 increased its inhibitory potency in CCL20/CCR6 chemotaxis by 10-fold. The functional selectivity of PF-07054894 for inhibition of CCR6 relative to CCR7 and CXCR2 is estimated to be at least 50- and 150-fold, respectively. When administered orally to naïve cynomolgus monkeys, PF-07054894 increased the frequency of CCR6+ peripheral blood T cells, suggesting that blockade of CCR6 inhibited homeostatic migration of T cells from blood to tissues. PF-07054894 inhibited interleukin-23-induced mouse skin ear swelling to a similar extent as genetic ablation of CCR6. PF-07054894 caused an increase in cell surface CCR6 in mouse and monkey B cells, which was recapitulated in mouse splenocytes in vitro. In conclusion, PF-07054894 is a potent and functionally selective CCR6 antagonist that blocks CCR6-mediated chemotaxis in vitro and in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The chemokine receptor, C-C chemoattractant cytokine (chemokine) receptor 6 (CCR6) plays a key role in the migration of pathogenic lymphocytes and dendritic cells into sites of inflammation. (R)-4-((2-(((1,4-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)(1-methylcyclopentyl)methyl)amino)-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)amino)-3-hydroxy-N,N-dimethylpicolinamide (PF-07054894) is a novel CCR6 small molecule antagonist that illustrates the importance of binding kinetics in achieving pharmacological potency and selectivity. Orally administered PF-07054894 blocks homeostatic and pathogenic functions of CCR6, suggesting that it is a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Kimberly K Crouse
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Jennifer Alley
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Richard K Frisbie
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Susan C Fish
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Tatyana A Andreyeva
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Lori A Reed
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Mitchell Thorn
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Giovanni DiMaggio
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Carol B Donovan
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Donald Bennett
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Jeonifer Garren
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Elias Oziolor
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Jesse Qian
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Leah Newman
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Amanda P Vargas
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Steven W Kumpf
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Stefan J Steyn
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Mark E Schnute
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Atli Thorarensen
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Martin Hegen
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Erin Stevens
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Mark Collinge
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Thomas A Lanz
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Fabien Vincent
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Michael S Vincent
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Gabriel Berstein
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pellefigues C, Tchen J, Saji C, Lamri Y, Charles N. AMG853, A Bispecific Prostaglandin D 2 Receptor 1 and 2 Antagonist, Dampens Basophil Activation and Related Lupus-Like Nephritis Activity in Lyn-Deficient Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:824686. [PMID: 35444641 PMCID: PMC9014266 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.824686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex autoimmune disease during which patients develop autoantibodies raised against nuclear antigens. During the course of the disease, by accumulating in secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), basophils support autoreactive plasma cells to amplify autoantibody production. We have recently shown that murine lupus-like disease could be controlled by 10 days of oral treatment with a combination of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) receptor (PTGDR) antagonists through the inhibition of basophil activation and recruitment to SLOs. Importantly, inhibiting solely PTGDR-1 or PTGDR-2 was ineffective, and the development of lupus-like disease could only be dampened by using antagonists for both PTGDR-1 and PTGDR-2. Here, we aimed at establishing a proof of concept that a clinically relevant bispecific antagonist of PTGDR-1 and PTGDR-2 could be efficient to treat murine lupus-like nephritis. Diseased Lyn-deficient female mice received treatment with AMG853 (vidupiprant, a bispecific PTGDR-1/PTGDR-2 antagonist) for 10 days. This led to the dampening of basophil activation and recruitment in SLOs and was associated with a decrease in plasmablast expansion and immunoglobulin E (IgE) production. Ten days of treatment with AMG853 was consequently sufficient in reducing the dsDNA-specific IgG titers, circulating immune complex glomerular deposition, and renal inflammation, which are hallmarks of lupus-like disease. Thus, bispecific PTGDR-1 and PTGDR-2 antagonists, such as AMG853, are a promising class of drugs for the treatment or prevention of organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Pellefigues
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR1149, CNRS ERL8252, Faculté de Médecine site Bichat, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - John Tchen
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR1149, CNRS ERL8252, Faculté de Médecine site Bichat, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Chaimae Saji
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR1149, CNRS ERL8252, Faculté de Médecine site Bichat, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Yasmine Lamri
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR1149, CNRS ERL8252, Faculté de Médecine site Bichat, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Charles
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR1149, CNRS ERL8252, Faculté de Médecine site Bichat, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chiang KC, Rizk JG, Nelson DJ, Krishnamurti L, Subbian S, Imig JD, Khan I, Reddy ST, Gupta A. Ramatroban for chemoprophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19: David takes on Goliath. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:13-28. [PMID: 35068281 PMCID: PMC10119876 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2031975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In COVID-19 pneumonia, there is a massive increase in fatty acid levels and lipid mediators with a predominance of cyclooxygenase metabolites, notably TxB2 ≫ PGE2 > PGD2 in the lungs, and 11-dehydro-TxB2, a TxA2 metabolite, in the systemic circulation. While TxA2 stimulates thromboxane prostanoid (TP) receptors, 11-dehydro-TxB2 is a full agonist of DP2 (formerly known as the CRTh2) receptors for PGD2. Anecdotal experience of using ramatroban, a dual receptor antagonist of the TxA2/TP and PGD2/DP2 receptors, demonstrated rapid symptomatic relief from acute respiratory distress and hypoxemia while avoiding hospitalization. AREAS COVERED Evidence supporting the role of TxA2/TP receptors and PGD2/DP2 receptors in causing rapidly progressive lung injury associated with hypoxemia, a maladaptive immune response and thromboinflammation is discussed. An innovative perspective on the dual antagonism of TxA2/TP and PGD2/DP2 receptor signaling as a therapeutic approach in COVID-19 is presented. This paper examines ramatroban an anti-platelet, immunomodulator, and antifibrotic agent for acute and long-haul COVID-19. EXPERT OPINION Ramatroban, a dual blocker of TP and DP2 receptors, has demonstrated efficacy in animal models of respiratory dysfunction, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and sepsis, as well as preliminary evidence for rapid relief from dyspnea and hypoxemia in COVID-19 pneumonia. Ramatroban merits investigation as a promising antithrombotic and immunomodulatory agent for chemoprophylaxis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - John G. Rizk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Arizona State University, Edson College, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Lakshmanan Krishnamurti
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Selvakumar Subbian
- Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School and Public Health Research Institute, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - John D. Imig
- Drug Discovery Center and Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, the University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Srinivasa T. Reddy
- Departments of Medicine, and Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Degree Program, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ajay Gupta
- Charak Foundation, Orange, CA
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chiang KC, Imig JD, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Gupta A. Kidney in the net of acute and long-haul coronavirus disease 2019: a potential role for lipid mediators in causing renal injury and fibrosis. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2022; 31:36-46. [PMID: 34846312 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Severe COVID-19 disease is often complicated by acute kidney injury (AKI), which may transition to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Better understanding of underlying mechanisms is important in advancing therapeutic approaches. RECENT FINDINGS SARS-CoV-2-induced endothelial injury initiates platelet activation, platelet-neutrophil partnership and release of neutrophil extracellular traps. The resulting thromboinflammation causes ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury to end organs. Severe COVID-19 induces a lipid-mediator storm with massive increases in thromboxane A2 (TxA2) and PGD2, which promote thromboinflammation and apoptosis of renal tubular cells, respectively, and thereby enhance renal fibrosis. COVID-19-associated AKI improves rapidly in the majority. However, 15-30% have protracted renal injury, raising the specter of transition from AKI to CKD. SUMMARY In COVID-19, the lipid-mediator storm promotes thromboinflammation, ischemia-reperfusion injury and cytotoxicity. The thromboxane A2 and PGD2 signaling presents a therapeutic target with potential to mitigate AKI and transition to CKD. Ramatroban, the only dual antagonist of the thromboxane A2/TPr and PGD2/DPr2 signaling could potentially mitigate renal injury in acute and long-haul COVID. Urgent studies targeting the lipid-mediator storm are needed to potentially reduce the heavy burden of kidney disease emerging in the wake of the current pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - John D Imig
- Drug Discovery Center and Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine (UCI) School of Medicine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Ajay Gupta
- KARE Biosciences, Orange, California
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine (UCI) School of Medicine, Orange, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang LA, Huang KX, Tu J, Kandeel F, Li J. Ramatroban-Based Analogues Containing Fluorine Group as Potential 18F-Labeled Positron Emission Tomography (PET) G-Protein Coupled Receptor 44 (GPR44) Tracers. Molecules 2021; 26:1433. [PMID: 33800801 PMCID: PMC7961607 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes remains one of the fastest growing chronic diseases and is a leading source of morbidity and accelerated mortality in the world. Loss of beta cell mass (BCM) and decreased sensitivity to insulin underlie diabetes pathogenesis. Yet, the ability to safely and directly assess BCM in individuals with diabetes does not exist. Measures such as blood glucose provide only a crude indirect picture of beta cell health. PET imaging could, in theory, allow for safe, direct, and precise characterization of BCM. However, identification of beta cell-specific radiolabeled tracers remains elusive. G-protein coupled receptor 44 (GPR44) is a transmembrane protein that was characterized in 2012 as highly beta cell-specific within the insulin-positive islets of Langerhans. Accordingly, radiolabeling of existing GPR44 antagonists could be a viable method to accelerate PET tracer development. The present study aims to evaluate and summarize published analogues of the GPR44 antagonist ramatroban to develop 18F-labeled PET tracers for BCM analysis. The 77 corresponding ramatroban analogues containing a fluorine nuclide were characterized for properties including binding affinity, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic and metabolic profile, and 32 compounds with favorable properties were identified. This review illustrates the potential of GPR44 analogues for the development of PET tracers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Junfeng Li
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (L.A.H.); (K.X.H.); (J.T.); (F.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Issahaku AR, Agoni C, Soremekun OS, Kubi PA, Kumi RO, Olotu FA, Soliman MES. Same Target, Different Therapeutic Outcomes: The Case of CAY10471 and Fevipiprant on CRTh2 Receptor in Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 22:521-533. [PMID: 31538888 DOI: 10.2174/1386207322666190919113006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prostaglandin 2 (PGD2) mediated signalling of Chemoattractant Receptorhomologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTh2) receptor has been implicated in the recruitment of inflammatory cells. This explains the design of highly selective compounds with innate abilities to antagonize PGD2-CRTh2 interactions and prevent pro-inflammatory allergies such as rhinitis and uncontrolled asthma. The development of PGD2-competitive CRTh2 binders; CAY10471 and Fevipiprant represent remarkable therapeutic progress even though they elicit disparate pharmacological propensities despite utilizing the same binding pocket. METHODS & RESULTS In this study, we seek to pinpoint the underlying phenomenon associated with differential CRTh2 therapeutic inhibition by CAY10471 and Fevipiprant using membraneembedded molecular dynamics simulation. Findings revealed that the common carboxylate group of both compounds elicited strong attractive charges with active site Arg170 and Lys210. Interestingly, a distinctive feature was the steady occurrence of high-affinity salt-bridges and an Arg170-mediated pi-cation interaction with the tetrahydrocarbozole ring of CAY10471. Further investigations into the active site motions of both ligands revealed that CAY10471 was relatively more stable. Comparative binding analyses also revealed that CAY10471 exhibited higher ΔG, indicating the cruciality of the ring stabilization role mediated by Arg170. Moreover, conformational analyses revealed that the inhibitory activity of CAY10471 was more prominent on CRTh2 compared to Fevipiprant. CONCLUSIONS These findings could further advance the strategic design of novel CRTh2 binders in the treatment of diseases related to pro-inflammatory allergies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul R Issahaku
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Clement Agoni
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Opeyemi S Soremekun
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Patrick A Kubi
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Ransford O Kumi
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Fisayo A Olotu
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud E S Soliman
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease of the airways that is associated with airway hyperresponsiveness and airflow limitation. Although asthma was once simply categorized as atopic or nonatopic, emerging analyses over the last few decades have revealed a variety of asthma endotypes that are attributed to numerous pathophysiological mechanisms. The classification of asthma by endotype is primarily routed in different profiles of airway inflammation that contribute to bronchoconstriction. Many asthma therapeutics target G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which either enhance bronchodilation or prevent bronchoconstriction. Short-acting and long-acting β 2-agonists are widely used bronchodilators that signal through the activation of the β 2-adrenergic receptor. Short-acting and long-acting antagonists of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are used to reduce bronchoconstriction by blocking the action of acetylcholine. Leukotriene antagonists that block the signaling of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 are used as an add-on therapy to reduce bronchoconstriction and inflammation induced by cysteinyl leukotrienes. A number of GPCR-targeting asthma drug candidates are also in different stages of development. Among them, antagonists of prostaglandin D2 receptor 2 have advanced into phase III clinical trials. Others, including antagonists of the adenosine A2B receptor and the histamine H4 receptor, are in early stages of clinical investigation. In the past decade, significant research advancements in pharmacology, cell biology, structural biology, and molecular physiology have greatly deepened our understanding of the therapeutic roles of GPCRs in asthma and drug action on these GPCRs. This review summarizes our current understanding of GPCR signaling and pharmacology in the context of asthma treatment. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Although current treatment methods for asthma are effective for a majority of asthma patients, there are still a large number of patients with poorly controlled asthma who may experience asthma exacerbations. This review summarizes current asthma treatment methods and our understanding of signaling and pharmacology of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in asthma therapy, and discusses controversies regarding the use of GPCR drugs and new opportunities in developing GPCR-targeting therapeutics for the treatment of asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Gelhaus Wendell
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.G.W., C.Z.); Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore (H.F.); and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, and Center for Computational Biology, DUKE-NUS Medical School, Singapore (H.F.)
| | - Hao Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.G.W., C.Z.); Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore (H.F.); and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, and Center for Computational Biology, DUKE-NUS Medical School, Singapore (H.F.)
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.G.W., C.Z.); Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore (H.F.); and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, and Center for Computational Biology, DUKE-NUS Medical School, Singapore (H.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Riddy DM, Cook AE, Shackleford DM, Pierce TL, Mocaer E, Mannoury la Cour C, Sors A, Charman WN, Summers RJ, Sexton PM, Christopoulos A, Langmead CJ. Drug-receptor kinetics and sigma-1 receptor affinity differentiate clinically evaluated histamine H 3 receptor antagonists. Neuropharmacology 2019; 144:244-255. [PMID: 30359639 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The histamine H3 receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) drug target that is highly expressed in the CNS, where it acts as both an auto- and hetero-receptor to regulate neurotransmission. As such, it has been considered as a relevant target in disorders as varied as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, neuropathic pain and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. A range of competitive antagonists/inverse agonists have progressed into clinical development, with pitolisant approved for the treatment of narcolepsy. Given the breadth of compounds developed and potential therapeutic indications, we assessed the comparative pharmacology of six investigational histamine H3 agents, including pitolisant, using native tissue and recombinant cells. Whilst all of the compounds tested displayed robust histamine H3 receptor inverse agonism and did not differentiate between the main H3 receptor splice variants, they displayed a wide range of affinities and kinetic properties, and included rapidly dissociating (pitolisant, S 38093-2, ABT-239) and slowly dissociating (GSK189254, JNJ-5207852, PF-3654746) agents. S 38093-2 had the lowest histamine H3 receptor affinity (pKB values 5.7-6.2), seemingly at odds with previously reported, potent in vivo activity in models of cognition. We show here that at pro-cognitive and anti-hyperalgesic/anti-allodynic doses, S 38093-2 preferentially occupies the mouse sigma-1 receptor in vivo, only engaging the histamine H3 receptor at doses associated with wakefulness promotion and neurotransmitter (histamine, ACh) release. Furthermore, pitolisant, ABT-239 and PF-3654746 also displayed appreciable sigma-1 receptor affinity, suggesting that this property differentiates clinically evaluated histamine H3 receptor antagonists and may play a role in their efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darren M Riddy
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anna E Cook
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David M Shackleford
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tracie L Pierce
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Mocaer
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, 50 Rue Carnot, 92284, Suresnes, France
| | | | - Aurore Sors
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, 50 Rue Carnot, 92284, Suresnes, France
| | - William N Charman
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger J Summers
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick M Sexton
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Arthur Christopoulos
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher J Langmead
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang L, Yao D, Deepak RNVK, Liu H, Xiao Q, Fan H, Gong W, Wei Z, Zhang C. Structures of the Human PGD 2 Receptor CRTH2 Reveal Novel Mechanisms for Ligand Recognition. Mol Cell 2018; 72:48-59.e4. [PMID: 30220562 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The signaling of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) through G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) CRTH2 is a major pathway in type 2 inflammation. Compelling evidence suggests the therapeutic benefits of blocking CRTH2 signaling in many inflammatory disorders. Currently, a number of CRTH2 antagonists are under clinical investigation, and one compound, fevipiprant, has advanced to phase 3 clinical trials for asthma. Here, we present the crystal structures of human CRTH2 with two antagonists, fevipiprant and CAY10471. The structures, together with docking and ligand-binding data, reveal a semi-occluded pocket covered by a well-structured amino terminus and different binding modes of chemically diverse CRTH2 antagonists. Structural analysis suggests a ligand entry port and a binding process that is facilitated by opposite charge attraction for PGD2, which differs significantly from the binding pose and binding environment of lysophospholipids and endocannabinoids, revealing a new mechanism for lipid recognition by GPCRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Dandan Yao
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - R N V Krishna Deepak
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Qingpin Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Hao Fan
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Weimin Gong
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Zhiyi Wei
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Woodward DF, Wang JW, Ni M, Bauer A, Martos JL, Carling RW, Poloso NJ. In
vivo
studies validating multitargeting of prostanoid receptors for achieving superior anti‐inflammatory effects. FASEB J 2016; 31:368-375. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600604r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David F. Woodward
- Department of Biological SciencesAllergan, Public Limited Company Irvine California USA
- Department of BioengineeringImperial College London London United Kingdom
| | - Jenny W. Wang
- Department of Biological SciencesAllergan, Public Limited Company Irvine California USA
| | - Ming Ni
- Department of Biological SciencesAllergan, Public Limited Company Irvine California USA
| | - Alex Bauer
- Department of Biological SciencesAllergan, Public Limited Company Irvine California USA
| | - Jose L. Martos
- Discovery DepartmentSelcia Limited Fyfield United Kingdom
| | | | - Neil J. Poloso
- Department of Biological SciencesAllergan, Public Limited Company Irvine California USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Calbet M, Andrés M, Armengol C, Bravo M, Eichhorn P, López R, García-González V, Roberts R, Miralpeix M. Pharmacological characterization of CRTh2 antagonist LAS191859: Long receptor residence time translates into long-lasting in vivo efficacy. Pharmacol Res 2016; 111:208-216. [PMID: 27317944 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on T-helper type 2 cells (CRTh2) is a G protein-coupled receptor expressed on the leukocytes most closely associated with asthma and allergy like eosinophils, mast cells, Th2-lymphocytes and basophils. At present it is clear that CRTh2 mediates most prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) pro-inflammatory effects and as a result antagonists for this receptor have reached asthma clinical studies showing a trend of lung function improvement. The challenge remains to identify compounds with improved clinical efficacy when administered once a day. Herein we described the pharmacological profile of LAS191859, a novel, potent and selective CRTh2 antagonist. In vitro evidence in GTPγS binding studies indicate that LAS191859 is a CRTh2 antagonist with activity in the low nanomolar range. This potency is also maintained in cellular assays performed with human eosinophils and whole blood. The main differentiation of LAS191859 vs other CRTh2 antagonists is in its receptor binding kinetics. LAS191859 has a residence time half-life of 21h at CRTh2 that translates into a long-lasting in vivo efficacy that is independent of plasma levels. We believe that the strategy behind this compound will allow optimal efficacy and posology for chronic asthma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Calbet
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Miriam Andrés
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Armengol
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Bravo
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peter Eichhorn
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa López
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Richard Roberts
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Miralpeix
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sykes DA, Bradley ME, Riddy DM, Willard E, Reilly J, Miah A, Bauer C, Watson SJ, Sandham DA, Dubois G, Charlton SJ. Fevipiprant (QAW039), a Slowly Dissociating CRTh2 Antagonist with the Potential for Improved Clinical Efficacy. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 89:593-605. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.101832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
15
|
Discovery and Structure-Based Optimization of 6-Bromotryptamine Derivatives as Potential 5-HT2A Receptor Antagonists. Molecules 2015; 20:17675-83. [PMID: 26404234 PMCID: PMC6331983 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200917675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Hydroxytryptamine type 2A (5-HT2A) receptor is an important target for developing innovative antipsychotic agents in neuropsychiatric disorder therapies. To search for 5-HT2A receptor antagonists, a new indole alkaloid termed 6-bromo-N-propionyltryptamine (1), together with one known homologue 6-bromo-N-acetyltryptamine (2) were isolated and identified from a marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas rubra QD1-2. Compound 1 with an N-propionyl side chain exhibited stronger 5-HT2A receptor antagonist activity than that of N-acetyl derivative (2), indicating that 6-bromotryptamine analogues with a longer chain acyl group perhaps displayed a more potent capacity to the target. Therefore, a series of new 6-bromotryptamine analogues (3–7) with different chain length of the acyl group (C4–C8) were prepared and evaluated activity against 5-HT2A receptor. Remarkably, 6-bromo-N-hexanoyltryptamine (5) displayed the most effective inhibitory activity, which was 5-fold stronger than that of the parent compound 1 and showed 70% efficacy of the positive control (ketanserin tartrate).
Collapse
|
16
|
Riddy DM, Valant C, Rueda P, Charman WN, Sexton PM, Summers RJ, Christopoulos A, Langmead CJ. Label-Free Kinetics: Exploiting Functional Hemi-Equilibrium to Derive Rate Constants for Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists. Mol Pharmacol 2015; 88:779-90. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.100545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
|
17
|
Alonso JA, Andrés M, Bravo M, Buil MA, Calbet M, Castro J, Eastwood PR, Eichhorn P, Esteve C, Gómez E, González J, Mir M, Petit S, Roberts RS, Vidal B, Vidal L, Vilaseca P, Zanuy M. Structure-activity relationships (SAR) and structure-kinetic relationships (SKR) of bicyclic heteroaromatic acetic acids as potent CRTh2 antagonists I. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5118-22. [PMID: 25437504 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
A knowledge-based design strategy led to the discovery of several new series of potent and orally bioavailable CRTh2 antagonists where a bicyclic heteroaromatic ring serves as the central core. Structure-kinetic relationships (SKR) opened up the possibility of long receptor residence times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Alonso
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Andrés
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Bravo
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Antonia Buil
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Calbet
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Castro
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul R Eastwood
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Peter Eichhorn
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Esteve
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Gómez
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jacob González
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Mir
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Petit
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Richard S Roberts
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernat Vidal
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Vidal
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Vilaseca
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Zanuy
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Alonso JA, Andrés M, Bravo M, Calbet M, Eastwood PR, Eichhorn P, Esteve C, Ferrer M, Gómez E, González J, Mir M, Moreno I, Petit S, Roberts RS, Sevilla S, Vidal B, Vidal L, Vilaseca P, Zanuy M. Structure-activity relationships (SAR) and structure-kinetic relationships (SKR) of bicyclic heteroaromatic acetic acids as potent CRTh2 antagonists II: lead optimization. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5123-6. [PMID: 25437505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) and structure-kinetic relationship (SKR) studies in the bicyclic heteroaromatic series of CRTh2 antagonists led to the identification of several molecules that possessed both excellent binding and cellular potencies along with long receptor residence times. A small substituent in the bicyclic core provided an order of magnitude jump in dissociation half-lives. Selected optimized compounds demonstrated suitable pharmacokinetic profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Alonso
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Andrés
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Bravo
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Calbet
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul R Eastwood
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Peter Eichhorn
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Esteve
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Ferrer
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Gómez
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jacob González
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Mir
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imma Moreno
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Petit
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Richard S Roberts
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Sevilla
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernat Vidal
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Vidal
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Vilaseca
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Zanuy
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Andrés M, Buil MA, Calbet M, Casado O, Castro J, Eastwood PR, Eichhorn P, Ferrer M, Forns P, Moreno I, Petit S, Roberts RS. Structure-activity relationships (SAR) and structure-kinetic relationships (SKR) of pyrrolopiperidinone acetic acids as CRTh2 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5111-7. [PMID: 25437503 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Pyrrolopiperidinone acetic acids (PPAs) were identified as highly potent CRTh2 receptor antagonists. In addition, many of these compounds displayed slow-dissociation kinetics from the receptor. Structure-kinetic relationship (SKR) studies allowed optimisation of the kinetics to give potent analogues with long receptor residence half-lives of up to 23 h. Low permeability was a general feature of this series, however oral bioavailability could be achieved through the use of ester prodrugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Andrés
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Antonia Buil
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Calbet
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Casado
- Almirall-Barcelona Science Park Unit, Barcelona Science Park, Josep Samitier 1-5, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Castro
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul R Eastwood
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peter Eichhorn
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Ferrer
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Forns
- Almirall-Barcelona Science Park Unit, Barcelona Science Park, Josep Samitier 1-5, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imma Moreno
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Petit
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Richard S Roberts
- Drug Discovery Division, Almirall R&D Centre, Laureano Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Alexander SPH, Benson HE, Faccenda E, Pawson AJ, Sharman JL, Spedding M, Peters JA, Harmar AJ. The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2013/14: G protein-coupled receptors. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 170:1459-581. [PMID: 24517644 PMCID: PMC3892287 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 505] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2013/14 provides concise overviews of the key properties of over 2000 human drug targets with their pharmacology, plus links to an open access knowledgebase of drug targets and their ligands (www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. The full contents can be found at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.12444/full. G protein-coupled receptors are one of the seven major pharmacological targets into which the Guide is divided, with the others being G protein-coupled receptors, ligand-gated ion channels, ion channels, catalytic receptors, nuclear hormone receptors, transporters and enzymes. These are presented with nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best available pharmacological tools, alongside key references and suggestions for further reading. A new landscape format has easy to use tables comparing related targets. It is a condensed version of material contemporary to late 2013, which is presented in greater detail and constantly updated on the website www.guidetopharmacology.org, superseding data presented in previous Guides to Receptors and Channels. It is produced in conjunction with NC-IUPHAR and provides the official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets, where appropriate. It consolidates information previously curated and displayed separately in IUPHAR-DB and the Guide to Receptors and Channels, providing a permanent, citable, point-in-time record that will survive database updates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen PH Alexander
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical SchoolNottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Helen E Benson
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Elena Faccenda
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Adam J Pawson
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Joanna L Sharman
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | | | - John A Peters
- Neuroscience Division, Medical Education Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of DundeeDundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Anthony J Harmar
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Schmidt JA, Bell FM, Akam E, Marshall C, Dainty IA, Heinemann A, Dougall IG, Bonnert RV, Sargent CA. Biochemical and pharmacological characterization of AZD1981, an orally available selective DP2 antagonist in clinical development for asthma. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 168:1626-38. [PMID: 23146091 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The discovery of DP2 as a second receptor for PGD2 has prompted the search for antagonists as potential novel therapies based on the associations between PGD2 and disease. Here we describe the biochemical and pharmacological properties of 4-(acetylamino)-3-[(4-chlorophenyl)thio]-2-methyl-1H-indole-1-acetic acid (AZD1981), a novel DP2 receptor antagonist. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Binding to DP2 , functional receptor pharmacology and selectivity were studied in both human and animal systems. KEY RESULTS AZD1981 displaced radio-labelled PGD2 from human recombinant DP2 with high potency (pIC50 = 8.4). Binding was reversible, non-competitive and highly selective against a panel of more than 340 other enzymes and receptors, including DP1 (>1000-fold selective). AZD1981 inhibited DP2 -mediated shape change and CD11b up-regulation in human eosinophils, shape change in basophils and chemotaxis of human eosinophils and Th2 cells with similar potency. AZD1981 exhibited good cross-species binding activity against mouse, rat, guinea pig, rabbit and dog DP2 . Evaluation in mouse, rat or rabbit cell systems was not possible as they did not respond to DP2 agonists. Agonist responses were seen in guinea pig and dog, and AZD1981 blocked DP2 -mediated eosinophil shape change. Such responses were more robust in the guinea pig, where AZD1981 also blocked DP2 -dependent eosinophil emigration from bone marrow. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS AZD1981 is a DP2 antagonist that blocks functional responses in eosinophils, Th2 cells and basophils. It exhibited similar potency irrespective of the cell type, DP2 agonist or species used. This selective orally active agent is currently under clinical evaluation as a potential therapeutic agent in respiratory diseases including asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Schmidt
- Department of Bioscience, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
2-(1H-Pyrazol-4-yl)acetic acids as CRTh2 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:3349-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
23
|
Klein MT, Vinson PN, Niswender CM. Approaches for probing allosteric interactions at 7 transmembrane spanning receptors. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2013; 115:1-59. [PMID: 23415091 PMCID: PMC5482179 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394587-7.00001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, allosteric modulation of 7 transmembrane spanning receptors (7TMRs) has become a highly productive and exciting field of receptor pharmacology and drug discovery efforts. Positive and negative allosteric modulators (PAMs and NAMs, respectively) present a number of pharmacological and therapeutic advantages over conventional orthosteric ligands, including improved receptor-subtype selectivity, a lower propensity to induce receptor desensitization, the preservation of endogenous temporal and spatial activation of receptors, greater chemical flexibility for optimization of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic parameters, and saturability of effect at target receptors, thus improving safety concerns and risk of overdose. Additionally, the relatively new concept of allosteric modulator-mediated receptor signal bias opens up a number of intriguing possibilities for PAMs, NAMs, and allosteric agonists, including the potential to selectively activate therapeutically beneficial signaling cascades, which could yield a superior tissue selectivity and side effect profile of allosteric modulators. However, there are a number of considerations and caveats that must be addressed when screening for and characterizing the properties of 7TMR allosteric modulators. Mode of pharmacology, methodology used to monitor receptor activity, detection of appropriate downstream analytes, selection of orthosteric probe, and assay time-course must all be considered when implementing any high-throughput screening campaign or when characterizing the properties of active compounds. Yet compared to conventional agonist/antagonist drug discovery programs, these elements of assay design are often a great deal more complicated when working with 7TMRs allosteric modulators. Moreover, for classical pharmacological methodologies and analyses, like radioligand binding and the assessment of compound affinity, the properties of allosteric modulators yield data that are more nuanced than orthosteric ligand-receptor interactions. In this review, we discuss the current methodologies being used to identify and characterize allosteric modulators, lending insight into the approaches that have been most successful in accurately and robustly identifying hit compounds. New label-free technologies capable of detecting phenotypic cellular changes in response to receptor activation are powerful tools well suited for assessing subtle or potentially masked cellular responses to allosteric modulation of 7TMRs. Allosteric modulator-induced receptor signal bias and the assay systems available to probe the various downstream signaling outcomes of receptor activation are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Klein
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Applying label-free dynamic mass redistribution technology to frame signaling of G protein-coupled receptors noninvasively in living cells. Nat Protoc 2011; 6:1748-60. [PMID: 22015845 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2011.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Label-free dynamic mass redistribution (DMR) is a cutting-edge assay technology that enables real-time detection of integrated cellular responses in living cells. It relies on detection of refractive index alterations on biosensor-coated microplates that originate from stimulus-induced changes in the total biomass proximal to the sensor surface. Here we describe a detailed protocol to apply DMR technology to frame functional behavior of G protein-coupled receptors that are traditionally examined with end point assays on the basis of detection of individual second messengers, such as cAMP, Ca(2+) or inositol phosphates. The method can be readily adapted across diverse cellular backgrounds (adherent or suspension), including primary human cells. Real-time recordings can be performed in 384-well microtiter plates and be completed in 2 h, or they can be extended to several hours depending on the biological question to be addressed. The entire procedure, including cell harvesting and DMR detection, takes 1-2 d.
Collapse
|
25
|
Crosignani S, Prêtre A, Jorand-Lebrun C, Fraboulet G, Seenisamy J, Augustine JK, Missotten M, Humbert Y, Cleva C, Abla N, Daff H, Schott O, Schneider M, Burgat-Charvillon F, Rivron D, Hamernig I, Arrighi JF, Gaudet M, Zimmerli SC, Juillard P, Johnson Z. Discovery of Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Alkynylphenoxyacetic Acid CRTH2 (DP2) Receptor Antagonists for the Treatment of Allergic Inflammatory Diseases. J Med Chem 2011; 54:7299-317. [DOI: 10.1021/jm200866y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adeline Prêtre
- Merck Serono S.A., 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Gaële Fraboulet
- Merck Serono S.A., 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jeyaprakashnarayanan Seenisamy
- Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Bommasandra, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560 099, India
| | - John Kallikat Augustine
- Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Bommasandra, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560 099, India
| | - Marc Missotten
- Merck Serono S.A., 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yves Humbert
- Merck Serono S.A., 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Cleva
- Merck Serono S.A., 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nada Abla
- Merck Serono S.A., 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hamina Daff
- Merck Serono S.A., 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Schott
- Merck Serono S.A., 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Delphine Rivron
- Merck Serono S.A., 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ingrid Hamernig
- Merck Serono S.A., 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Marilène Gaudet
- Merck Serono S.A., 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Pierre Juillard
- Merck Serono S.A., 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Zoe Johnson
- Merck Serono S.A., 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Woodward DF, Jones RL, Narumiya S. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXXIII: classification of prostanoid receptors, updating 15 years of progress. Pharmacol Rev 2011; 63:471-538. [PMID: 21752876 DOI: 10.1124/pr.110.003517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now more than 15 years since the molecular structures of the major prostanoid receptors were elucidated. Since then, substantial progress has been achieved with respect to distribution and function, signal transduction mechanisms, and the design of agonists and antagonists (http://www.iuphar-db.org/DATABASE/FamilyIntroductionForward?familyId=58). This review systematically details these advances. More recent developments in prostanoid receptor research are included. The DP(2) receptor, also termed CRTH2, has little structural resemblance to DP(1) and other receptors described in the original prostanoid receptor classification. DP(2) receptors are more closely related to chemoattractant receptors. Prostanoid receptors have also been found to heterodimerize with other prostanoid receptor subtypes and nonprostanoids. This may extend signal transduction pathways and create new ligand recognition sites: prostacyclin/thromboxane A(2) heterodimeric receptors for 8-epi-prostaglandin E(2), wild-type/alternative (alt4) heterodimers for the prostaglandin FP receptor for bimatoprost and the prostamides. It is anticipated that the 15 years of research progress described herein will lead to novel therapeutic entities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D F Woodward
- Dept. of Biological Sciences RD3-2B, Allergan, Inc., 2525 Dupont Dr., Irvine, CA 92612, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD In asthmatic lung, allergen challenge leads to the production of large quantities of (prostaglandin D(2)) PGD(2) which both contracts human airway tissue and stimulates an inflammatory response. The identification of PGD(2) as the cognate ligand for a second specific receptor, the DP(2) receptor and the limited inhibition of its pro-inflammatory effects by TP or DP(1) receptor antagonists provide the stimulus to identify, and characterize, selective DP(2) antagonists. This has led to considerable interest in the development of such agents, stimulated by promising initial clinical data. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW The 10 DP(2) antagonists reported to be in clinical development are considered in as much detail as possible from available information. Reported preclinical efforts are also considered and contrasted to more advanced agents. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN A comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the development of DP(2) antagonists for the treatment of asthma, and knowledge of the companies which are currently actively seeking to develop such agents. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Considerable progress has been made in the development of selective DP(2) antagonists and initial indications are that they could prove a useful new option in the treatment of asthma. More comprehensive clinical results that will shortly become available will further clarify their therapeutic potential and also indicate the possibility of their use in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Collapse
|
28
|
Ulven T, Kostenis E. Novel CRTH2 antagonists: a review of patents from 2006 to 2009. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2010; 20:1505-30. [PMID: 20946089 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2010.525506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD The receptor CRTH2 (also known as DP₂) is an important mediator of the inflammatory effects of prostaglandin D₂ and has attracted much attention as a therapeutic target for the treatment of conditions such as asthma, COPD, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW The validation of CRTH2 as a therapeutic target and the early antagonists are summarized, CRTH2 antagonists published in the patent literature from 2006 to 2009 are comprehensively covered and a general update on the recent progress in the development of CRTH2 antagonists for the treatment of inflammatory diseases is provided. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN Insight into the validation of CRTH2 as a therapeutic target, a comprehensive overview of the development of new CRTH2 ligands between 2006 and 2009, and a general overview of the state of the art. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Many diverse potent CRTH2 antagonists are now available, and several are in or on the way into the clinic. It is still early to draw final conclusions, but preliminary results give reason for optimism, and the prospect that we will see new CRTH2 antagonists reaching the market for the treatment of asthma, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and/or COPD seems good.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trond Ulven
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Physics and Chemistry, Denmark.
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
|
31
|
Jones RL, Giembycz MA, Woodward DF. Prostanoid receptor antagonists: development strategies and therapeutic applications. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 158:104-45. [PMID: 19624532 PMCID: PMC2795261 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00317.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of the primary products of cyclo-oxygenase (COX)/prostaglandin synthase(s), which occurred between 1958 and 1976, was followed by a classification system for prostanoid receptors (DP, EP(1), EP(2) ...) based mainly on the pharmacological actions of natural and synthetic agonists and a few antagonists. The design of potent selective antagonists was rapid for certain prostanoid receptors (EP(1), TP), slow for others (FP, IP) and has yet to be achieved in certain cases (EP(2)). While some antagonists are structurally related to the natural agonist, most recent compounds are 'non-prostanoid' (often acyl-sulphonamides) and have emerged from high-throughput screening of compound libraries, made possible by the development of (functional) assays involving single recombinant prostanoid receptors. Selective antagonists have been crucial to defining the roles of PGD(2) (acting on DP(1) and DP(2) receptors) and PGE(2) (on EP(1) and EP(4) receptors) in various inflammatory conditions; there are clear opportunities for therapeutic intervention. The vast endeavour on TP (thromboxane) antagonists is considered in relation to their limited pharmaceutical success in the cardiovascular area. Correspondingly, the clinical utility of IP (prostacyclin) antagonists is assessed in relation to the cloud hanging over the long-term safety of selective COX-2 inhibitors. Aspirin apart, COX inhibitors broadly suppress all prostanoid pathways, while high selectivity has been a major goal in receptor antagonist development; more targeted therapy may require an intermediate position with defined antagonist selectivity profiles. This review is intended to provide overviews of each antagonist class (including prostamide antagonists), covering major development strategies and current and potential clinical usage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R L Jones
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Stearns BA, Baccei C, Bain G, Broadhead A, Clark RC, Coate H, Evans JF, Fagan P, Hutchinson JH, King C, Lee C, Lorrain DS, Prasit P, Prodanovich P, Santini A, Scott JM, Stock NS, Truong YP. Novel tricyclic antagonists of the prostaglandin D2 receptor DP2 with efficacy in a murine model of allergic rhinitis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:4647-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
33
|
Schröder R, Merten N, Mathiesen JM, Martini L, Kruljac-Letunic A, Krop F, Blaukat A, Fang Y, Tran E, Ulven T, Drewke C, Whistler J, Pardo L, Gomeza J, Kostenis E. The C-terminal tail of CRTH2 is a key molecular determinant that constrains Galphai and downstream signaling cascade activation. J Biol Chem 2008; 284:1324-36. [PMID: 19010788 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m806867200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin D(2) activation of the seven-transmembrane receptor CRTH2 regulates numerous cell functions that are important in inflammatory diseases, such as asthma. Despite its disease implication, no studies to date aimed at identifying receptor domains governing signaling and surface expression of human CRTH2. We tested the hypothesis that CRTH2 may take advantage of its C-tail to silence its own signaling and that this mechanism may explain the poor functional responses observed with CRTH2 in heterologous expression systems. Although the C terminus is a critical determinant for retention of CRTH2 at the plasma membrane, the presence of this domain confers a signaling-compromised conformation onto the receptor. Indeed, a mutant receptor lacking the major portion of its C-terminal tail displays paradoxically enhanced Galpha(i) and ERK1/2 activation despite enhanced constitutive and agonist-mediated internalization. Enhanced activation of Galpha(i) proteins and downstream signaling cascades is probably due to the inability of the tail-truncated receptor to recruit beta-arrestin2 and undergo homologous desensitization. Unexpectedly, CRTH2 is not phosphorylated upon agonist-stimulation, a primary mechanism by which GPCR activity is regulated. Dynamic mass redistribution assays, which allow label-free monitoring of all major G protein pathways in real time, confirm that the C terminus inhibits Galpha(i) signaling of CRTH2 but does not encode G protein specificity determinants. We propose that intrinsic CRTH2 inhibition by its C terminus may represent a rather unappreciated strategy employed by a GPCR to specify the extent of G protein activation and that this mechanism may compensate for the absence of the classical phosphorylation-dependent signal attenuation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Schröder
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 6, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Matsumoto Y, Funahashi J, Mori K, Hayashi K, Yano H. The noncompetitive antagonism of histamine H1 receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells by olopatadine hydrochloride: its potency and molecular mechanism. Pharmacology 2008; 81:266-74. [PMID: 18268402 DOI: 10.1159/000115970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Accepted: 11/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Calcium responses to various concentrations of histamine were monitored in Chinese hamster ovary cells stably expressing the human histamine H(1) receptor. The effects of various histamine H(1) receptor antagonists on the dose-response curve for histamine were evaluated. Olopatadine hydrochloride (olopatadine) inhibited the histamine-induced maximum response (pD(2)': 7.5) but had insignificant effects on histamine EC(50) values. This noncompetitive property exhibited by olopatadine, which was also observed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, was the most striking among the antihistamines tested in this study. The geometrical isomer of olopatadine (E-isomer), which had a similar binding affinity to the histamine H(1) receptor as olopatadine, showed a mixed antagonistic profile (competitive and noncompetitive). These results indicate that the geometry around the double bond in the dimethylaminopropylidene group is critical for the potent noncompetitive property of olopatadine. Furthermore, binding mode analyses suggest that the protonated amine group in the dimethylaminopropylidene moiety of olopatadine forms an ionic bond with Glu 181 that is present in the second extracellular loop of the histamine H(1) receptor, whereas the amine group of the E-isomer does not. The second extracellular loop in aminergic G-protein-coupled receptors contributes to ligand binding and therefore the noncompetitive property of olopatadine may be explained by the interaction with Glu 181.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Matsumoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd., Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Royer JF, Schratl P, Lorenz S, Kostenis E, Ulven T, Schuligoi R, Peskar BA, Heinemann A. A novel antagonist of CRTH2 blocks eosinophil release from bone marrow, chemotaxis and respiratory burst. Allergy 2007; 62:1401-9. [PMID: 17714552 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01452.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2) has been revealed to be a novel receptor for prostaglandin (PG) D(2), which is a major mast cell product released during the allergic response. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of a newly developed small molecule antagonist of CRTH2, Cay10471, on eosinophil function with respect to recruitment, respiratory burst and degranulation. METHODS Chemotaxis of guinea pig bone marrow eosinophils and human peripheral blood eosinophils were determined using microBoyden chambers. Eosinophil release from bone marrow was investigated in the in situ perfused guinea pig hind limb preparation. Respiratory burst and degranulation were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS Cay10471 bound with high affinity to recombinant human and guinea pig CRTH2, but not DP, receptors. The antagonist prevented the PGD(2)-induced release of eosinophils from guinea pig bone marrow, and inhibited the chemotaxis of guinea pig bone marrow eosinophils and human peripheral blood eosinophils. Pretreatment with PGD(2) primed eosinophils for chemotaxis towards eotaxin, and this effect was prevented by Cay10471. In contrast, PGD(2) inhibited the C5a-induced up-regulation of CD63, a cellular marker of degranulation, in a Cay10471-sensitive manner. Finally, Cay10471 abolished the respiratory burst of eosinophils upon stimulation by PGD(2). CONCLUSION These data further emphasize the importance of CRTH2 in eosinophil function and show that Cay10471 is a highly potent and selective antagonist of PGD(2)-induced eosinophil responses. Cay10471 might hence be a useful compound for the treatment of allergic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J F Royer
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ulven T, Gallen MJ, Nielsen MC, Merten N, Schmidt C, Mohr K, Tränkle C, Kostenis E. Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of a selective antagonist and the corresponding radioligand for the prostaglandin D2 receptor CRTH2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:5924-7. [PMID: 17845848 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2007] [Revised: 07/23/2007] [Accepted: 07/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and preliminary in vitro biological evaluation of a selective high-affinity CRTH2 antagonist is described. The stability of an N-benzyl group facilitated synthesis of the corresponding radioligand by tritiation of a brominated precursor. The compound [(3)H]TRQ11238 represents the first selective CRTH2 antagonist radioligand and exhibited a specific radioactivity of 52 Ci/mmol and a pK(d) of 9.0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trond Ulven
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Pettipher R, Hansel TT, Armer R. Antagonism of the prostaglandin D2 receptors DP1 and CRTH2 as an approach to treat allergic diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2007; 6:313-25. [PMID: 17396136 DOI: 10.1038/nrd2266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Immunological activation of mast cells is an important trigger in the cascade of inflammatory events leading to the manifestation of allergic diseases. Pharmacological studies using the recently discovered DP(1) and CRTH2 antagonists combined with genetic analysis support the view that these receptors have a pivotal role in mediating aspects of allergic diseases that are resistant to current therapy. This Review focuses on the emerging roles that DP(1) and CRTH2 (also known as DP(2)) have in acute and chronic aspects of allergic diseases and proposes that, rather than having opposing actions, these receptors have complementary roles in the initiation and maintenance of the allergy state. We also discuss recent progress in the discovery and development of selective antagonists of these receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roy Pettipher
- Oxagen Limited, 91 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kohout TA, Xie Q, Reijmers S, Finn KJ, Guo Z, Zhu YF, Struthers RS. Trapping of a Nonpeptide Ligand by the Extracellular Domains of the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Results in Insurmountable Antagonism. Mol Pharmacol 2007; 72:238-47. [PMID: 17409285 DOI: 10.1124/mol.107.035535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs that exhibit insurmountable antagonism are proposed to provide improved clinical efficacy through extended receptor blockade. Long-term suppression of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) is an important therapeutic approach for a number of sex hormone-dependent diseases. In this study, we describe the mechanism and structural components required for insurmountable activity of a GnRHR antagonist. TAK-013 behaves as an insurmountable antagonist at the human receptor (hGnRHR) but as a surmountable antagonist at the macaque receptor (mGnRHR). Mutation of the eight residues that differ between hGnRHR and mGnRHR identified Ser-203 and Leu-300 in extracellular loops (ECL) 2 and 3 of hGnRHR as essential for the insurmountability of TAK-013. Substitution of the corresponding residues in mGnRHR with Ser and Leu (mGnRHR-P203S/V300L) converts TAK-013 to an insurmountable antagonist. In addition, mutation of Met-24 to Leu in the amino terminus of hGnRHR also ablates the insurmountable antagonism of TAK-013. The mechanism of insurmountability of TAK-013 was determined to be governed by its rate of dissociation from the receptor. Although the association rates of TAK-013 to hGnRHR, mGnRHR, and mGnRHR-P203S/V300L do not differ, the dissociation rate half-life correlates closely with the degree of insurmountability observed (169, 9, and 55 min, respectively). Taken together, these data suggest a model of the GnRHR in which ECL2, ECL3, and the amino terminus engage with TAK-013 upon its binding to the transmembrane region of the receptor. These additional interactions form a "trap door" above TAK-013, restricting its dissociation and thus resulting in its insurmountability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trudy A Kohout
- Department of Endocrinology, Neurocrine Biosciences Inc., 12790 El Camino Real, San Diego, CA 92130, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Uller L, Mathiesen JM, Alenmyr L, Korsgren M, Ulven T, Högberg T, Andersson G, Persson CGA, Kostenis E. Antagonism of the prostaglandin D2 receptor CRTH2 attenuates asthma pathology in mouse eosinophilic airway inflammation. Respir Res 2007; 8:16. [PMID: 17328802 PMCID: PMC1810525 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-8-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2006] [Accepted: 02/28/2007] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mast cell-derived prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), may contribute to eosinophilic inflammation and mucus production in allergic asthma. Chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on TH2 cells (CRTH2), a high affinity receptor for prostaglandin D2, mediates trafficking of TH2-cells, mast cells, and eosinophils to inflammatory sites, and has recently attracted interest as target for treatment of allergic airway diseases. The present study involving mice explores the specificity of CRTH2 antagonism of TM30089, which is structurally closely related to the dual TP/CRTH2 antagonist ramatroban, and compares the ability of ramatroban and TM30089 to inhibit asthma-like pathology. Methods Affinity for and antagonistic potency of TM30089 on many mouse receptors including thromboxane A2 receptor mTP, CRTH2 receptor, and selected anaphylatoxin and chemokines receptors were determined in recombinant expression systems in vitro. In vivo effects of TM30089 and ramatroban on tissue eosinophilia and mucus cell histopathology were examined in a mouse asthma model. Results TM30089, displayed high selectivity for and antagonistic potency on mouse CRTH2 but lacked affinity to TP and many other receptors including the related anaphylatoxin C3a and C5a receptors, selected chemokine receptors and the cyclooxygenase isoforms 1 and 2 which are all recognized players in allergic diseases. Furthermore, TM30089 and ramatroban, the latter used as a reference herein, similarly inhibited asthma pathology in vivo by reducing peribronchial eosinophilia and mucus cell hyperplasia. Conclusion This is the first report to demonstrate anti-allergic efficacy in vivo of a highly selective small molecule CRTH2 antagonist. Our data suggest that CRTH2 antagonism alone is effective in mouse allergic airway inflammation even to the extent that this mechanism can explain the efficacy of ramatroban.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Uller
- Dept. Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden
| | | | - Lisa Alenmyr
- Dept. Clinical Pharmacology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Korsgren
- Dept. Clinical Pharmacology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Trond Ulven
- 7TM Pharma A/S, Fremtidsvej 3, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | | | | | - Carl GA Persson
- Dept. Clinical Pharmacology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Evi Kostenis
- 7TM Pharma A/S, Fremtidsvej 3, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sullivan SK, Hoare SRJ, Fleck BA, Zhu YF, Heise CE, Struthers RS, Crowe PD. Kinetics of nonpeptide antagonist binding to the human gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor: Implications for structure–activity relationships and insurmountable antagonism. Biochem Pharmacol 2006; 72:838-49. [PMID: 16930559 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2006.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2006] [Revised: 06/28/2006] [Accepted: 07/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Numerous nonpeptide ligands have been developed for the human gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor as potential agents for treatment of disorders of the reproductive-endocrine axis. While the equilibrium binding of these ligands has been studied in detail, little is known of the kinetics of their receptor interaction. In this study we evaluated the kinetic structure-activity relationships (SAR) of uracil-series antagonists by measuring their association and dissociation rate constants. These constants were measured directly using a novel radioligand, [3H] NBI 42902, and indirectly for unlabeled ligands. Receptor association and dissociation of [3H] NBI 42902 was monophasic, with an association rate constant of 93+/-10 microM(-1) min(-1) and a dissociation rate constant of 0.16+/-0.02 h(-1) (t(1/2) of 4.3 h). Four unlabeled compounds were tested with varying substituents at the 2-position of the benzyl group at position 1 of the uracil (-F, -SO(CH3), -SO2(CH3) and -CF3). The nature of the substituent did not appreciably affect the association rate constant but varied the dissociation rate constant >50-fold (t(1/2) ranging from 52 min for -SO(CH3) to >43 h for -CF3). This SAR was poorly resolved in standard competition assays due to lack of equilibration. The functional consequences of the varying dissociation rate were investigated by measuring antagonism of GnRH-stimulated [3H] inositol phosphates accumulation. Slowly dissociating ligands displayed insurmountable antagonism (decrease of the GnRH E(max)) while antagonism by more rapidly dissociating ligands was surmountable (without effect on the GnRH E(max)). Therefore, evaluating the receptor binding kinetics of nonpeptide antagonists revealed SAR, not evident in standard competition assays, that defined at least in part the mode of functional antagonism by the ligands. These findings are of importance for the future definition of nonpeptide ligand SAR and for the identification of potentially useful slowly dissociating antagonists for the GnRH receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan K Sullivan
- Department of Pharmacology and Lead Discovery, Neurocrine Biosciences Inc., 12790 El Camino Real, San Diego, CA 92130, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kostenis E, Ulven T. Emerging roles of DP and CRTH2 in allergic inflammation. Trends Mol Med 2006; 12:148-58. [PMID: 16545607 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2006.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2005] [Revised: 02/07/2006] [Accepted: 02/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The lipid mediator prostaglandin D(2) (PGD(2)) has long been implicated in various inflammatory diseases including asthma. PGD(2) elicits biological responses by activating two seven-transmembrane (7TM) G-protein-coupled receptors, the D-prostanoid receptor DP and the chemoattractant receptor homologous-molecule expressed on T-helper-type-2 cells (CRTH2), which are linked to different signaling pathways. Understanding how immune cells integrate and coordinate signals that are triggered by the same ligand is crucial for the development of novel anti-inflammatory therapies. Here, we examine the roles of DP and CRTH2 in the orchestration of complex inflammatory processes, and discuss their importance as emerging targets for the treatment of asthma and inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evi Kostenis
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 6, D-53155 Bonn, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|