1
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Parida S, Patra SK, Mishra S. Structure-Spectroscopy Correlation in the Self-Assembled Perylene Diimide-Based Dimers via Inter-Chromophore Coupling. J Phys Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39236114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c04181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
The impact of conformational change on the ground and excited states of seven perylene diimide (PDI)-based dimeric systems is examined by introducing longitudinal shift, transverse shift, and rotation of one monomer with respect to another. The minimum energy conformations are compared via an energy decomposition analysis. The heteroatom-substituted dimeric systems, such as B2 N2-embedded PDI, trans-thio-PDI (trans-S2-PDI), and N-PDI, show BN···π, C═S···π, and N···H interactions that survive over a longer range of longitudinal and transverse shifts. The excitonic coupling analysis reveals that both Coulomb- and CT-mediated couplings are crucial for understanding aggregate absorption spectra. While the Coulomb coupling exhibits a monotonic behavior with conformation changes, the CT component changes significantly with minor geometrical deviations. The interplay between the two couplings leads to J-type, H-type, and null aggregates, depending on the conformations of the dimers. The overall trend of both couplings is consistent across all systems, although they differ in magnitude. The trans-S2-PDI shows the strongest Coulomb and CT couplings, while it is weak in perylene and B2N2-PDI dimers. The resonant model for strongly coupled Frenkel excitonic (FE) and CT states successfully characterizes the single- and double-band nature of absorption spectra in dimers. In strong coupling regions, the dimers show blue-shifted single-band excitation to the upper FE state. In contrast, excitation to the lower FE and upper CT states produces a red-shifted two-band spectrum in the weakly coupled regions. The intensity of the CT band diminishes with the monomer separation. In most cases, the perpendicularly stacked structures show null-aggregate behavior with no spectral shift due to the absence of Coulomb and CT couplings. The exciton relaxation pathway of the heteroatom-substituted PDIs is found to be influenced by the presence of nπ* states between the FE and CT states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjukta Parida
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Sanjib K Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Sabyashachi Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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2
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Sakurai T, Tanabe T, Iguchi H, Li Z, Matsuda W, Tsutsui Y, Seki S, Matsuda R, Shinokubo H. An n-type semiconducting diazaporphyrin-based hydrogen-bonded organic framework. Chem Sci 2024; 15:12922-12927. [PMID: 39148781 PMCID: PMC11323323 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03455d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Significant effort has been devoted to the development of materials that combine high electrical conductivity and permanent porosity. This paper discloses a diazaporphyrin-based hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) with porosity and n-type semiconductivity. A 5,15-diazaporphyrin Ni(ii) complex with carboxyphenyl groups at the meso positions afforded a HOF due to hydrogen-bonding interactions between the carboxy groups and meso-nitrogen atoms. The thermal and chemical stabilities of the HOF were examined using powder X-ray diffraction analysis, and the charge-carrier mobility was determined to be 2.0 × 10-7 m2 V-1 s-1 using the flash-photolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity (FP-TRMC) method. An analogous diazaporphyrin, which does not form a HOF, exhibited mobility that was 20 times lower. The results presented herein highlight the crucial role of hydrogen-bonding networks in achieving conductive pathways that can tolerate thermal perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Sakurai
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Tappei Tanabe
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Iguchi
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Zhuowei Li
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Wakana Matsuda
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Yusuke Tsutsui
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Ryotaro Matsuda
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
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3
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Yamaguchi N, Morisako S, Isoda K. Facile Synthesis and Photoluminescent Properties of Asymmetric Perylene Diimides Capable of Tuning Emission Colors in Polymeric Matrices. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400422. [PMID: 38757349 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
We report the facile synthesis of asymmetric perylene diimides (asym-PDIs) using readily available reagents, demonstrating their distinct photoluminescent properties. In CHCl3, asym-PDIs exhibit higher solubility compared to traditional perylene dyes, of which solubilities can be varied by substituent selections. Among them, UV-vis absorption spectra of CPE in CHCl3 solution displayed no aggregate peaks in the ground state, maintaining high photoluminescent quantum yields. Also, CPE can be readily dispersed into poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMA (CPE-PMMA), forming thin films without aggregate formation. Importantly, the emission color of CPE-PMMA thin films significantly changes with the addition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). These color changes should be strongly correlated with the HOMO level of the added PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Yamaguchi
- Organic Materials Chemistry Group, Sagami Chemical Research Institute, 2743-1 Hayakawa, Ayase, Kanagawa, 252-1193, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Shogo Morisako
- Organic Materials Chemistry Group, Sagami Chemical Research Institute, 2743-1 Hayakawa, Ayase, Kanagawa, 252-1193, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Isoda
- Organic Materials Chemistry Group, Sagami Chemical Research Institute, 2743-1 Hayakawa, Ayase, Kanagawa, 252-1193, Japan
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4
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Zhang T, Chen Z, Zhang W, Wang L, Yu G. Recent Progress of Fluorinated Conjugated Polymers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403961. [PMID: 38830614 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, conjugated polymers have received widespread attention due to their characteristic advantages of light weight, favorable solution processability, and structural modifiability. Among various conjugated polymers, fluorinated ones have developed rapidly to achieve high-performance n-type or ambipolar polymeric semiconductors. The uniqueness of fluorinated conjugated polymers contains the high coplanarity of their structures, lower frontier molecular orbital energy levels, and strong nonbonding interactions. In this review, first the fluorinated building blocks, including fluorinated benzene and thiophene rings, fluorinated B←N bridged units, and fluoroalkyl side chains are summarized. Subsequently, different synthetic methods of fluorinated conjugated polymers are described, with a special focus on their respective advantages and disadvantages. Then, with these numerous fluorinated structures and appropriate synthetic methods bear in mind, the properties and applications of the fluorinated conjugated polymers, such as cyclopentadithiophene-, amide-, and imide-based polymers, and B←N embedded polymers, are systematically discussed. The introduction of fluorine atoms can further enhance the electron-deficiency of the backbone, influencing the charge carrier transport performance. The promising fluorinated conjugated polymers are applied widely in organic field-effect transistors, organic solar cells, organic thermoelectric devices, and other organic opto-electric devices. Finally, the outlook on the challenges and future development of fluorinated conjugated polymers is systematically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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5
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Chen Y, Wu Z, Chen Z, Zhang S, Li W, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Liu Y. Molecular "backbone surgery" of electron-deficient heteroarenes based on dithienopyrrolobenzothiadiazole: conformation-dependent crystal structures and charge transport properties. Chem Sci 2024; 15:11761-11774. [PMID: 39092104 PMCID: PMC11290414 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02794a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Electron-deficient heteroarenes based on dithienopyrrolobenzothiadiazole (BTP) have been highly attractive due to their fascinating packing structures, broad absorption profiles, and promising applications in non-fullerene organic solar cells. However, the control of their crystal structures for superior charge transport still faces big challenges. Herein, a conformation engineering strategy is proposed to rationally manipulate the single crystal structure of BTP-series heteroarenes. The parent molecule BTPO-c has a 3D network crystal structure, which originates from its banana-shaped conformation. Subtracting one thiophene moiety from the central backbone leads to a looser brickwork crystal structure of the derivative BTPO-z because of its interrupted angular-shaped conformation. Further subtracting two thiophene moieties results in the derivative BTPO-l with a compact 2D-brickwork crystal structure due to its quasi-linear conformation with a unique dimer packing structure and short π-π stacking distance (3.30 Å). Further investigation of charge-transport properties via single-crystal organic transistors demonstrates that the compact 2D-brickwork crystal structure of BTPO-l leads to an excellent electron mobility of 3.5 cm2 V-1 s-1, much higher than that of BTPO-c with a 3D network (1.9 cm2 V-1 s-1) and BTPO-z with a looser brickwork structure (0.6 cm2 V-1 s-1). Notably, this study presents, for the first time, an elegant demonstration of the tunable single crystal structures of electron-deficient heteroarenes for efficient organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhong Chen
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Zeng Wu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Zekun Chen
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Shuixin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Wenhao Li
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
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6
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Yang F, Wang C, Liang L, Wang Z, You X, Shao G, Wu D, Xia J. Ring Fusion Elevates the Electronic Mobility of Azabenzannulated Perylene Diimide. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401074. [PMID: 38697944 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The backwardness of n-type organic semiconductors still exists compared with the p-type counterparts. Thus, the development of high-performance n-type organic semiconductors is of great importance for organic electronic devices and their integrated circuits. In recent years, azabenzannulated perylene diimide (PDI), as one of immense bay-region-annulated PDI derivatives, has drawn considerable attentions. However, the electronic mobilities of azabenzannulated PDI derivatives are barely satisfactory. In this contribution, the peripheral benzene ring in azabenzannulated PDI 2 was fused to the ortho position by intramolecular C-H arylation cyclization. This endows the resultant azabenzannulated PDI 4 a planar configuration as well as electron deficient pentagonal ring. As a result, the electronic mobility of 4 is almost two orders of magnitude higher than that of the nonfused azabenzannulated PDI 2. This work shall pave a new avenue in elevating the performance of azabenzannulated PDI in organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Cui Wang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Laiyu Liang
- Wuhan 2nd Ship Design & Research Institute, No. 19 Yangqiaohu road, 430205, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Wuhan 2nd Ship Design & Research Institute, No. 19 Yangqiaohu road, 430205, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao You
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangwei Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, 430070, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianlong Xia
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, 430070, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, 430070, Wuhan, China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, 430070, Wuhan, China
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7
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Giri I, Chhetri S, John P J, Mondal M, Dey AB, Vijayaraghavan RK. Engineered solid-state aggregates in brickwork stacks of n-type organic semiconductors: a way to achieve high electron mobility. Chem Sci 2024; 15:9630-9640. [PMID: 38939134 PMCID: PMC11206358 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02339k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Efficient, economically viable n-type organic semiconductor materials suitable for solution-processed OFET devices with high electron mobility and ambient stability are scarce. Merging these attributes into a single molecule remains a significant challenge and a careful molecular design is needed. To address this, synthetic viability (achievable in fewer than three steps) and using cost-effective starting materials are crucial. Our research presents a strategy that meets these criteria using naphthalene diimide (NDI) core structures. The approach involves a simple synthesis process with a cost of $ 5-10 per gram for the final products. This paper highlights our success in scaling up the production using affordable known reagents, creating ambient condition solution-processed OFET devices with impressive electron mobility, on-off current ratio (1 cm2 V-1 s-1 and I on/I off ∼ 109) and good ambient stability (more than 100 h). We conducted a comprehensive study on EHNDIBr2, a material that demonstrates superior performance due to its unique supramolecular arrangement in its brickwork stack. This was compared with two similar structures to validate our findings. The superior performance of EHNDIBr2 is attributed to the effective interlocking of charge-hopping units within the NDI core in its brickwork stack. Our findings include detailed electronic, spectroscopic, and microscopic analyses of these layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Giri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohanpur Kolkata 741246 India
| | - Shant Chhetri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohanpur Kolkata 741246 India
| | - Jesslyn John P
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohanpur Kolkata 741246 India
| | - Madalasa Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohanpur Kolkata 741246 India
| | - Arka Bikash Dey
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr. 85 22607 Hamburg Germany
| | - Ratheesh K Vijayaraghavan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohanpur Kolkata 741246 India
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8
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Wu J, Ding X, Pang Y, Liu Q, Lei J, Zhang H, Zhang T. Research advance of occupational exposure risks and toxic effects of semiconductor nanomaterials. J Appl Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38837250 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, semiconductor nanomaterials, as one of the most promising and applied classes of engineered nanomaterials, have been widely used in industries such as photovoltaics, electronic devices, and biomedicine. However, occupational exposure is unavoidable during the production, use, and disposal stages of products containing these materials, thus posing potential health risks to workers. The intricacies of the work environment present challenges in obtaining comprehensive data on such exposure. Consequently, there remains a significant gap in understanding the exposure risks and toxic effects associated with semiconductor nanomaterials. This paper provides an overview of the current classification and applications of typical semiconductor nanomaterials. It also delves into the existing state of occupational exposure, methodologies for exposure assessment, and prevailing occupational exposure limits. Furthermore, relevant epidemiological studies are examined. Subsequently, the review scrutinizes the toxicity of semiconductor nanomaterials concerning target organ toxicity, toxicity mechanisms, and influencing factors. The aim of this review is to lay the groundwork for enhancing the assessment of occupational exposure to semiconductor nanomaterials, optimizing occupational exposure limits, and promoting environmentally sustainable development practices in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanting Pang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jialin Lei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haopeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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9
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Schwalb AJ, García F, Sánchez L. Electronically and geometrically complementary perylenediimides for kinetically controlled supramolecular copolymers. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8137-8144. [PMID: 38817561 PMCID: PMC11134332 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01322k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of 3,4,9,10-benzo[d,e]isoquinolino[1,8-g,h]quinoline-tetracarboxylic diimide (BQQDI) 1 endowed with peripheral trialkoxybenzamide fragments is reported and its self-assembling features investigated. The peripheral benzamide moieties generate metastable monomeric species that afford a kinetically controlled supramolecular polymerization. The electron-withdrawing character of 1 in comparison with previously reported PDIs 2, together with the similar geometry, makes this dye an optimal candidate to perform seeded supramolecular copolymerization yielding four different supramolecular block copolymers. Whilst heteropolymers poly-1-co-2a, poly-2a-co-1 and poly-1-co-2b present an H-type arrangement of the monomeric units, heteropolymer poly-2b-co-1, prepared by seeding the chiral, metastable monomers of 2b with achiral seeds of 1, produces chiral, J-type aggregates. Interestingly, the monosignated CD signal of pristine poly-2b changes to a bisignated CD signal most probably due to the formation of columnar domains around the seeds of 1 which implies the blocky nature of the supramolecular copolymers formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso J Schwalb
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Fátima García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Luis Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
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10
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Ben H, Yan G, Wang Y, Zeng H, Wu Y, Lin F, Zhao J, Du W, Zhang S, Zhou S, Pu J, Ye M, Ji H, Lv L. Self-Assembly Behavior, Aggregation Structure, and the Charge Carrier Transport Properties of S-Heterocyclic Annulated Perylene Diimide Derivatives. Molecules 2024; 29:1964. [PMID: 38731456 PMCID: PMC11085381 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The construction of high-performance n-type semiconductors is crucial for the advancement of organic electronics. As an attractive n-type semiconductor, molecular systems based on perylene diimide derivatives (PDIs) have been extensively investigated over recent years. Owing to the fascinating aggregated structure and high performance, S-heterocyclic annulated PDIs (SPDIs) are receiving increasing attention. However, the relationship between the structure and the electrical properties of SPDIs has not been deeply revealed, restricting the progress of PDI-based organic electronics. Here, we developed two novel SPDIs with linear and dendronized substituents in the imide position, named linear SPDI and dendronized SPDI, respectively. A series of structural and property characterizations indicated that linear SPDI formed a long-range-ordered crystalline structure based on helical supramolecular columns, while dendronized SPDI, with longer alkyl side chains, formed a 3D-ordered crystalline structure at a low temperature, which transformed into a hexagonal columnar liquid crystal structure at a high temperature. Moreover, no significant charge carrier transport signal was examined for linear SPDI, while dendronized SPDI had a charge carrier mobility of 3.5 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 and 2.1 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 in the crystalline and liquid crystalline state, respectively. These findings highlight the importance of the structure-function relationship in PDIs, and also offer useful roadmaps for the design of high-performance organic electronics for down-to-earth applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Ben
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China; (H.B.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Gaojie Yan
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, China;
| | - Yulin Wang
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China; (H.B.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Huiming Zeng
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China; (H.B.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Yuechao Wu
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China; (H.B.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Feng Lin
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China; (H.B.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Junhua Zhao
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China; (H.B.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Wanglong Du
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shaojie Zhang
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China; (H.B.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Shijia Zhou
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China; (H.B.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Jingyu Pu
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China; (H.B.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Milan Ye
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China; (H.B.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Haifeng Ji
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, China;
| | - Liang Lv
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China; (H.B.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
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11
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Sambe K, Takeda T, Hoshino N, Matsuda W, Shimada K, Tsujita K, Maruyama S, Yamamoto S, Seki S, Matsumoto Y, Akutagawa T. Carrier Transport Switching of Ferroelectric BTBT Derivative. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8557-8566. [PMID: 38484118 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Alkylamide-substituted [1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (BTBT) derivative of BTBT-NHCOC14H29 (1), which has ferroelectric N-H···O= hydrogen-bonding network of alkylamide group and two-dimensional (2D) electric structure of BTBT π-cores, was prepared to design the external electric field-responsive organic semiconductors. The short-chain derivative of BTBT-NHCOC3H7 (1') revealed the coexistence of a 2D electronic band structure based on the herringbone BTBT arrangement and the one-dimensional (1D) hydrogen-bonding chain. 1 formed a smectic E (SmE) liquid crystal phase above 412 K and showed ferroelectric hysteresis in the electric field-polarization (P-E) curves at 403-433 K. The remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive electric field (Ec) of 1 at 408 K, 0.1 Hz were 24.0 μC cm-2 and 5.54 V μm-1, respectively. By thermal annealing of thin-film 1 at 443 K, the molecular assembly structure of 1 changed from a monolayer to a bilayer structure with high crystallinity, resulting in conducting layers of BTBT parallel to the substrate surface. The organic field-effect transistor (OFET) device with thermally annealed thin-film 1 showed p-type semiconducting behavior with the hole mobility of 1.0 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1. Furthermore, device 1 showed switching behavior of semiconducting properties by electric field poling and thermal annealing cycle. The electric field response of ferroelectrics modulated the molecular orientation and conduction properties of organic semiconductors, resulting in external electric field control of carrier transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Sambe
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Takashi Takeda
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Norihisa Hoshino
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 9050-2181, Japan
| | - Wakana Matsuda
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-Ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuki Shimada
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kanae Tsujita
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shingo Maruyama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-Ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Akutagawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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12
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Tu L, Wang J, Wu Z, Li J, Yang W, Liu B, Wu S, Xia X, Wang Y, Woo HY, Shi Y. Cyano-Functionalized Pyrazine: A Structurally Simple and Easily Accessible Electron-Deficient Building Block for n-Type Organic Thermoelectric Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319658. [PMID: 38265195 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Developing low-cost and high-performance n-type polymer semiconductors is essential to accelerate the application of organic thermoelectrics (OTEs). To achieve this objective, it is critical to design strong electron-deficient building blocks with simple structure and easy synthesis, which are essential for the development of n-type polymer semiconductors. Herein, we synthesized two cyano-functionalized highly electron-deficient building blocks, namely 3,6-dibromopyrazine-2-carbonitrile (CNPz) and 3,6-Dibromopyrazine-2,5-dicarbonitrile (DCNPz), which feature simple structures and facile synthesis. CNPz and DCNPz can be obtained via only one-step reaction and three-step reactions from cheap raw materials, respectively. Based on CNPz and DCNPz, two acceptor-acceptor (A-A) polymers, P(DPP-CNPz) and P(DPP-DCNPz) are successfully developed, featuring deep-positioned lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels, which are beneficial to n-type organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) and OTEs performance. An optimal unipolar electron mobility of 0.85 and 1.85 cm2 V-1 s-1 is obtained for P(DPP-CNPz) and P(DPP-DCNPz), respectively. When doped with N-DMBI, P(DPP-CNPz) and P(DPP-DCNPz) show high n-type electrical conductivities/power factors of 25.3 S cm-1 /41.4 μW m-1 K-2 , and 33.9 S cm-1 /30.4 μW m-1 K-2 , respectively. Hence, the cyano-functionalized pyrazine CNPz and DCNPz represent a new class of structurally simple, low-cost and readily accessible electron-deficient building block for constructing n-type polymer semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Tu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, No.189, Jiuhua South Road, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Ziang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Korea
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Siqi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, No.189, Jiuhua South Road, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Xiaomin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, No.189, Jiuhua South Road, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Yimei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Korea
| | - Yongqiang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, No.189, Jiuhua South Road, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
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13
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Wu S, Shi D, Zhu L, Chen X, Song K, Gan Z, Xie L, Lin MJ, Li Y. Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Sila-Annulated Phenanthrene Imides. Org Lett 2024; 26:1028-1033. [PMID: 38285509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
A series of sila-annulated phenanthrene imides were synthesized through a three-step synthetic route, which represent a hybrid class of biphenyl-based π-conjugated molecules incorporating an imide unit and silole. A comprehensive investigation of their structural, photophysical, and electronic properties was studied by experiment and theoretical calculations. Notably, sila-annulated phenanthrene imides with significant aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Dan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Lingyun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Kanghui Song
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Ziyang Gan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Lili Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Mei-Jin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yuanming Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
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14
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Guo Y, Zhu B, Tang CY, Zhou Q, Zhu Y. Photogenerated outer electric field induced electrophoresis of organic nanocrystals for effective solid-solid photocatalysis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:428. [PMID: 38200002 PMCID: PMC10781792 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44700-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapid mass transfer in solid-solid reactions is crucial for catalysis. Although phoretic nanoparticles offer potential for increased collision efficiency between solids, their implementation is hindered by limited interaction ranges. Here, we present a self-driven long-range electrophoresis of organic nanocrystals facilitated by a rationally designed photogenerated outer electric field (OEF) on their surface. Employing perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecular nanocrystals as a model, we demonstrate that a directional OEF with an intensity of 13.6-0.4 kV m-1 across a range of 25-200 μm. This OEF-driven targeted electrophoresis of PTCDA nanocrystals onto the microplastic surface enhances the activity for subsequent decomposition of microplastics (196.8 mg h-1) into CO2 by solid-solid catalysis. As supported by operando characterizations and theoretical calculations, the OEF surrounds PTCDA nanocrystals initially, directing from the electron-rich (0 1 1) to the hole-rich [Formula: see text] surface. Upon surface charge modulation, the direction of OEF changes toward the solid substrate. The OEF-driven electrophoretic effect in organic nanocrystals with anisotropic charge enrichment characteristics indicates potential advancements in realizing effective solid-solid photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Bowen Zhu
- School of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 100032, Beijing, China
| | - Chuyang Y Tang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
| | - Qixin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yongfa Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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15
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Ren S, Zhang W, Wang Z, Yassar A, Chen J, Zeng M, Yi Z. Preparation of Dye Semiconductors via Coupling Polymerization Catalyzed by Two Catalysts and Application to Transistor. Molecules 2023; 29:71. [PMID: 38202654 PMCID: PMC10780007 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic dye semiconductors have received increasing attention as the next generation of semiconductors, and one of their potential applications is as a core component of organic transistors. In this study, two novel diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) dye core-based materials were designed and separately prepared using Stille coupling reactions under different palladium catalyst conditions. The molecular weights and elemental compositions were tested to demonstrate that both catalysts could be used to successfully prepare materials of this structure, with the main differences being the weight-average molecular weight and the dispersion index. PDPP-2Py-2Tz I with a longer conjugation length exhibited better thermodynamic stability than the counterpart polymer PDPP-2Py-2Tz II. The intrinsic optical properties of the polymers were relatively similar, while the electrochemical tests showed small differences in their energy levels. The polymers obtained with different catalysts displayed similar and moderate electron mobility in transistor devices, while PDPP-2Py-2Tz I possessed a higher switching ratio. Our study provides a comparison of such dye materials under different catalytic conditions and also demonstrates the great potential of dye materials for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Ren
- Zhuhai-Fudan Research Institute of Innovation, Hengqin 519000, China;
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China;
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhuoer Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Abderrahim Yassar
- LPICM, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France;
| | - Jinyang Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China;
| | - Minfeng Zeng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China;
| | - Zhengran Yi
- Zhuhai-Fudan Research Institute of Innovation, Hengqin 519000, China;
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16
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Song D, Zheng D, Li Z, Wang C, Li J, Zhang M. Research Advances in Wood Composites in Applications of Industrial Wastewater Purification and Solar-Driven Seawater Desalination. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4712. [PMID: 38139963 PMCID: PMC10747247 DOI: 10.3390/polym15244712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the ecosystem has been seriously affected by sewage discharge and oil spill accidents. A series of issues (such as the continuous pollution of the ecological environment and the imminent exhaustion of freshwater resources) are becoming more and more unmanageable, resulting in a crisis of water quality and quantity. Therefore, studies on industrial wastewater purification and solar-driven seawater desalination based on wood composites have been widely considered as an important development direction. This paper comprehensively analyzes and summarizes the applications of wood composites in the fields of solar-driven seawater desalination and polluted water purification. In particular, the present situation of industrial wastewater containing heavy metal ions, microorganisms, aromatic dyes and oil stains and related problems of solar-driven seawater desalination are comprehensively analyzed and summarized. Generally, functional nanomaterials are loaded into the wood cell wall, from which lignin and hemicellulose are selectively removed. Alternatively, functional groups are modified on the basis of the molecular structure of the wood microchannels. Due to its three-dimensional (3D) pore structure and low thermal conductivity, wood is an ideal substrate material for industrial wastewater purification and solar-driven seawater desalination. Based on the study of objective conditions such as the preparation process, modification method and selection of photothermal conversion materials, the performances of the wood composites in filtration, adsorption and seawater desalination are analyzed in detail. In addition, this work points out the problems and possible solutions in applying wood composites to industrial wastewater purification and solar-driven seawater desalination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China; (D.S.); (D.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Dingqiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China; (D.S.); (D.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhenghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China; (D.S.); (D.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Chengyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China; (D.S.); (D.Z.); (Z.L.)
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17
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Choi J, Kim MJ, Kim JY, Lee EK, Lee C, Park Y, Kang J, Park JI, Cho BJ, Im SG. The Effect of Alkyl Chain Length in Organic Semiconductor and Surface Polarity of Polymer Dielectrics in Organic Thin-Film Transistors (OTFTs). SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300628. [PMID: 37527002 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The interface between dielectric and organic semiconductor is critically important in determining organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) performance. Surface polarity of the dielectric layer can hinder charge transport characteristics, which has restricted utilization of polymeric dielectric materials containing polar functional groups. Herein, the electrical characteristics of OTFTs are analyzed depending on the alkyl chain length of organic semiconductors and surface polarity of polymer dielectrics. High-performance dibenzothiopheno[6,5-b:6',5'-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (DBTTT) and newly synthesized its alkylated derivatives (C6-DBTTT and C10-DBTTT) are utilized as organic semiconductors. As dielectric layers, non-polar poly(1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-trivinylcyclitrisiloxane) (pV3D3) and poly(2-cyanoethyl acrylate-co-diethylene glycol divinyl ether) [p(CEA-co-DEGDVE)] with polar cyanide functionality are utilized. The fabricated OTFTs with pV3D3 commonly exhibit the excellent charge transport characteristics. In addition, the OTFT performance is improved with lengthening the alkyl chain in organic semiconductors, which can be attributed to the molecular orientation of semiconductors. On the other hand, non-alkylated DBTTT OTFTs with polar p(CEA-co-DEGDVE) show relatively poor electrical characteristics, while their performance is drastically enhanced with the alkylated DBTTTs. The ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) reveals that surface polarity of the dielectric layer can be abated with alkyl chain in organic semiconductors. It is believed that this study can provide a useful insight to optimize dielectric/semiconductor interface to achieve high-performance OTFTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhwan Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, 152 Jukjeon-ro, Yong-in, Gyeonggi-do, 16890, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dankook University, 152 Jukjeon-ro, Yong-in, Gyeonggi-do, 16890, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Young Kim
- Organic Material Lab., Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., 130 Samsung-ro, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Organic Material Lab., Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., 130 Samsung-ro, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkeun Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Il Park
- Organic Material Lab., Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., 130 Samsung-ro, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Jin Cho
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gap Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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18
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Yu CP, Kumagai S, Tsutsumi M, Kurosawa T, Ishii H, Watanabe G, Hashizume D, Sugiura H, Tani Y, Ise T, Watanabe T, Sato H, Takeya J, Okamoto T. Asymmetrically Functionalized Electron-Deficient π-Conjugated System for Printed Single-Crystalline Organic Electronics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207440. [PMID: 37712117 PMCID: PMC10582418 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Large-area single-crystalline thin films of n-type organic semiconductors (OSCs) fabricated via solution-processed techniques are urgently demanded for high-end electronics. However, the lack of molecular designs that concomitantly offer excellent charge-carrier transport, solution-processability, and chemical/thermal robustness for n-type OSCs limits the understanding of fundamental charge-transport properties and impedes the realization of large-area electronics. The benzo[de]isoquinolino[1,8-gh]quinolinetetracarboxylic diimide (BQQDI) π-electron system with phenethyl substituents (PhC2 -BQQDI) demonstrates high electron mobility and robustness but its strong aggregation results in unsatisfactory solubility and solution-processability. In this work, an asymmetric molecular design approach is reported that harnesses the favorable charge transport of PhC2 -BQQDI, while introducing alkyl chains to improve the solubility and solution-processability. An effective synthetic strategy is developed to obtain the target asymmetric BQQDI (PhC2 -BQQDI-Cn ). Interestingly, linear alkyl chains of PhC2 -BQQDI-Cn (n = 5-7) exhibit an unusual molecular mimicry geometry with a gauche conformation and resilience to dynamic disorders. Asymmetric PhC2 -BQQDI-C5 demonstrates excellent electron mobility and centimeter-scale continuous single-crystalline thin films, which are two orders of magnitude larger than that of PhC2 -BQQDI, allowing for the investigation of electron transport anisotropy and applicable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig P. Yu
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials ScienceGraduate School of Frontier SciencesThe University of Tokyo5‐1‐5 KashiwanohaKashiwaChiba277‐8561Japan
| | - Shohei Kumagai
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology4259‐G1‐7 NagatsutaMidori‐kuYokohama226‐8502Japan
| | - Michitsuna Tsutsumi
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials ScienceGraduate School of Frontier SciencesThe University of Tokyo5‐1‐5 KashiwanohaKashiwaChiba277‐8561Japan
| | - Tadanori Kurosawa
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials ScienceGraduate School of Frontier SciencesThe University of Tokyo5‐1‐5 KashiwanohaKashiwaChiba277‐8561Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishii
- Department of Applied PhysicsFaculty of Pure and Applied SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba1‐1‐1 TennodaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐8573Japan
| | - Go Watanabe
- Department of PhysicsSchool of ScienceKitasato University1‐15‐1 Kitasato, Minami‐kuSagamiharaKanagawa252‐0373Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS)2‐1 HirosawaWakoSaitama351‐0198Japan
| | - Hiroki Sugiura
- FUJIFILM Corp.577 Ushijima, Kaisei‐machiAshigarakami‐gunKanagawa258‐8577Japan
| | - Yukio Tani
- FUJIFILM Corp.577 Ushijima, Kaisei‐machiAshigarakami‐gunKanagawa258‐8577Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ise
- FUJIFILM Corp.577 Ushijima, Kaisei‐machiAshigarakami‐gunKanagawa258‐8577Japan
| | - Tetsuya Watanabe
- FUJIFILM Corp.577 Ushijima, Kaisei‐machiAshigarakami‐gunKanagawa258‐8577Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Sato
- Rigaku Corp.3‐9‐12 Matsubara‐choAkishimaTokyo196‐8666Japan
| | - Jun Takeya
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials ScienceGraduate School of Frontier SciencesThe University of Tokyo5‐1‐5 KashiwanohaKashiwaChiba277‐8561Japan
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐1 NamikiTsukuba205‐0044Japan
| | - Toshihiro Okamoto
- PRESTO, JST4‐1‐8 HonchoKawaguchiSaitama332‐0012Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology4259‐G1‐7 NagatsutaMidori‐kuYokohama226‐8502Japan
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19
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Eichelmann R, Ballmann J, Gade LH. Tetraazacoronenes and Their Dimers, Trimers and Tetramers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309198. [PMID: 37409960 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Tetraazacoronenes were synthesized from bay-functionalized tetraazaperylenes by Zr-mediated cyclization and four-fold Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling. In the Zr-mediated approach, an η4 -cyclobutadiene-zirconium(IV) complex was isolated as an intermediate to cyclobutene-annulated derivatives. Using bis(pinacolatoboryl)vinyltrimethylsilane as a C2 building block gave the tetraazacoronene target compound along with the condensed azacoronene dimer as well as higher oligomers. The series of extended azacoronenes show highly resolved UV/Vis absorption bands with increased extinction coefficients for the extended aromatic cores and fluorescence quantum yields of up to 80 % at 659 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Eichelmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Ballmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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20
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Huang Y, Wang Z, Chen X, Li L, Hu W. Stability bottleneck of organic field-effect transistors: from mechanism to solution. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:1469-1473. [PMID: 37407360 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Zhongwu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaosong Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Liqiang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China.
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21
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Che C, Tong S, Jia Y, Yang J, He X, Han S, Jiang Q, Ma Y. Chemical doping of unsubstituted perylene diimide to create radical anions with enhanced stability and tunable photothermal conversion efficiency. Front Chem 2023; 11:1187378. [PMID: 37179782 PMCID: PMC10166849 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1187378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
N-doping of perylene diimides (PDIs) to create stable radical anions is significant for harvesting photothermal energy due to their intensive absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) region and non-fluorescence. In this work, a facile and straightforward method has been developed to control the doping of perylene diimide to create radical anions using organic polymer polyethyleneimine (PEI) as a dopant. It was demonstrated that PEI is an effective polymer-reducing agent for the n-doping of PDI toward the controllable generation of radical anions. In addition to the doping process, PEI could suppress the self-assembly aggregation and improve the stability of PDI radical anions. Tunable NIR photothermal conversion efficiency (maximum 47.9%) was also obtained from the radical-anion-rich PDI-PEI composites. This research provides a new strategy to tune the doping level of unsubstituted semiconductor molecules for varying yields of radical anions, suppressing aggregation, improving stability, and obtaining the highest radical anion-based performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canyan Che
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaji Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiandong He
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaobo Han
- School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Qinglin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Chen J, Zhang W, Wang L, Yu G. Recent Research Progress of Organic Small-Molecule Semiconductors with High Electron Mobilities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210772. [PMID: 36519670 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic electronics has made great progress in the past decades, which is inseparable from the innovative development of organic electronic devices and the diversity of organic semiconductor materials. It is worth mentioning that both of these great advances are inextricably linked to the development of organic high-performance semiconductor materials, especially the representative n-type organic small-molecule semiconductor materials with high electron mobilities. The n-type organic small molecules have the advantages of simple synthesis process, strong intermolecular stacking, tunable molecular structure, and easy to functionalize structures. Furthermore, the n-type semiconductor is a remarkable and important component for constructing complementary logic circuits and p-n heterojunction structures. Therefore, n-type organic semiconductors play an extremely important role in the field of organic electronic materials and are the basis for the industrialization of organic electronic functional devices. This review focuses on the modification strategies of organic small molecules with high electron mobility at molecular level, and discusses in detail the applications of n-type small-molecule semiconductor materials with high mobility in organic field-effect transistors, organic light-emitting transistors, organic photodetectors, and gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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23
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Carey T, Cassidy O, Synnatschke K, Caffrey E, Garcia J, Liu S, Kaur H, Kelly AG, Munuera J, Gabbett C, O’Suilleabhain D, Coleman JN. High-Mobility Flexible Transistors with Low-Temperature Solution-Processed Tungsten Dichalcogenides. ACS NANO 2023; 17:2912-2922. [PMID: 36720070 PMCID: PMC9933598 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of high-mobility two-dimensional (2D) flakes beyond molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) will be necessary to create a library of high-mobility solution-processed networks that conform to substrates and remain functional over thousands of bending cycles. Here we report electrochemical exfoliation of large-aspect-ratio (>100) semiconducting flakes of tungsten diselenide (WSe2) and tungsten disulfide (WS2) as well as MoS2 as a comparison. We use Langmuir-Schaefer coating to achieve highly aligned and conformal flake networks, with minimal mesoporosity (∼2-5%), at low processing temperatures (120 °C) and without acid treatments. This allows us to fabricate electrochemical transistors in ambient air, achieving average mobilities of μMoS2 ≈ 11 cm2 V-1 s-1, μWS2 ≈ 9 cm2 V-1 s-1, and μWSe2 ≈ 2 cm2 V-1 s-1 with a current on/off ratios of Ion/Ioff ≈ 2.6 × 103, 3.4 × 103, and 4.2 × 104 for MoS2, WS2, and WSe2, respectively. Moreover, our transistors display threshold voltages near ∼0.4 V with subthreshold slopes as low as 182 mV/dec, which are essential factors in maintaining power efficiency and represent a 1 order of magnitude improvement in the state of the art. Furthermore, the performance of our WSe2 transistors is maintained on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) even after 1000 bending cycles at 1% strain.
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24
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Yu CP, Yamamoto A, Kumagai S, Takeya J, Okamoto T. Electron-Deficient Benzo[de]isoquinolino[1,8-gh]quinoline Diamide π-Electron Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202206417. [PMID: 36031586 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Synthetically versatile electron-deficient π-electron systems are urgently needed for organic electronics, yet their design and synthesis are challenging due to the low reactivity from large electron affinities. In this work, we report a benzo[de]isoquinolino[1,8-gh]quinoline diamide (BQQDA) π-electron system. The electron-rich condensed amide as opposed to the generally-employed imide provides a suitable electronic feature for chemical versatility to tailor the BQQDA π-electron system for various electronic applications. We demonstrate an effective synthetic method to furnish the target BQQDA parent structure, and highly selective functionalization can be performed on bay positions of the π-skeleton. In addition, thionation of BQQDA can be accomplished under mild conditions. Fine-tuning of fundamental properties and supramolecular packing motifs are achieved via chemical modifications, and the cyanated BQQDA organic semiconductor demonstrates a high air-stable electron-carrier mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig P Yu
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Akito Yamamoto
- Corporate Research Center R&D Headquarters, Daicel Corporation, Himeji, Hyogo 671-1283, Japan
| | - Shohei Kumagai
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Jun Takeya
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan.,International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 205-0044, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Okamoto
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan.,PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
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25
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Tajima K, Matsuo K, Yamada H, Fukui N, Shinokubo H. Diazazethrene bisimide: a strongly electron-accepting π-system synthesized via the incorporation of both imide substituents and imine-type nitrogen atoms into zethrene. Chem Sci 2023; 14:635-642. [PMID: 36741537 PMCID: PMC9847653 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05992d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of highly electron-accepting π-systems is a fundamentally challenging issue despite their potential applications as high-performance n-type organic semiconductors, organic rechargeable batteries, and stable redox-active organocatalysts. Herein, we demonstrate that the incorporation of both imide substituents and imine-type nitrogen atoms into zethrene affords the strongly electron-accepting π-system diazazethrene bisimide (DAZBI). DAZBI has a low-lying LUMO (-4.3 eV vs. vacuum) and is readily reduced by the weak reductant l-ascorbic acid to afford the corresponding dihydro species. The injection of two electrons into DAZBI provides the corresponding dianion. These reduced species display remarkable stability, even under ambient conditions, and an intense red fluorescence. A DAZBI dimer, which was also synthesized, effectively accommodated four electrons upon electron injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Tajima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya Aichi 464-8603 Japan
| | - Kyohei Matsuo
- Division of Material Science, Graduate of School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma Nara 630-0912 Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Division of Material Science, Graduate of School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma Nara 630-0912 Japan
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya Aichi 464-8603 Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya Aichi 464-8603 Japan
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26
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Liu Z, Han W, Lan J, Sun L, Tang J, Zhang C, You J. Molecular Engineering of Chalcogen-Embedded Anthanthrenes via peri-Selective C-H Activation: Fine-Tuning of Crystal Packing for Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202211412. [PMID: 36347830 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Disclosed herein is a RhCl3 -catalyzed peri-selective C-H/C-H oxidative homo-coupling of 1-substituted naphthalenes, which provides a highly efficient and streamlined approach to chalcogen-embedded anthanthrenes from readily available starting materials. Introducing O, S, and Se into the anthanthrene skeleton leads to gradually increased π-π stacking distances but significantly enhanced π-π overlaps with the growth of the hetero-atom radius. Moderate π-π distance, overlap area, and intermolecular S-S interactions endow S-embedded anthanthrene (PTT) with excellent 2D charge-transport properties. Moreover, the transformation of p-type to n-type S-embedded anthanthrenes is realized for the first time via the S-atom oxidation from PTT to PTT-O4. In organic field-effect transistor devices, PTT derivatives exhibit hole transport with mobilities up to 1.1 cm2 V-1 s-1 , while PTT-O4 shows electron transport with a mobility of 0.022 cm2 V-1 s-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Han
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jingbo Lan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Lingyan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Junbin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jingsong You
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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27
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Duan J, Ding J, Wang D, Zhu X, Chen J, Zhu G, Chen C, Yu Y, Liao H, Li Z, Di C, Yue W. Enhancing the Performance of N-Type Thermoelectric Devices via Tuning the Crystallinity of Small Molecule Semiconductors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204872. [PMID: 36437037 PMCID: PMC9875661 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In the development of high-performance organic thermoelectric devices, n-type materials, especially with small molecule semiconductors, lags far behind p-type materials. In this paper, three small molecules are synthesized based on electron-deficient naphthalene bis-isatin building blocks bearing different alkyl chains with the terminal functionalized with 3-ethylrhodanine unit and studied their aggregation and doping mechanism in detail. It is found that crystallinity plays an essential role in tuning the doping behavior of small molecules. Molecules with too strong crystallinity tend to aggregate with each other to form large crystalline domains, which cause significant performance degradation. While molecules with weak crystallinity can tolerate more dopants, most of them exhibit low mobility. By tuning the crystallinity carefully, organic thermoelectric devices based on C12NR can maintain high mobility and realize effective doping simultaneously, and a high power factor of 1.07 µW m-1 K-2 at 100 °C is realized. This delicate molecular design by modulating crystallinity provides a new avenue for realizing high-performance organic thermoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Duan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable DevicesSchool of Materials and EngineeringSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Jiamin Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Dongyang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Xiuyuan Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable DevicesSchool of Materials and EngineeringSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Junxin Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable DevicesSchool of Materials and EngineeringSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Genming Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable DevicesSchool of Materials and EngineeringSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Chaoyue Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable DevicesSchool of Materials and EngineeringSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Yaping Yu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable DevicesSchool of Materials and EngineeringSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Hailiang Liao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable DevicesSchool of Materials and EngineeringSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Zhengke Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable DevicesSchool of Materials and EngineeringSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Chong‐an Di
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Wan Yue
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable DevicesSchool of Materials and EngineeringSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
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28
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Chen M, Guo J, Mo F, Yu W, Fu Y. Highly Sensitive Photoelectrochemical Immunosensor Based on Organic Multielectron Donor Nanocomposite as Signal Probe. Anal Chem 2022; 94:17039-17045. [PMID: 36455203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Organic photoelectric materials with conjugated electron-rich structures and good biocompatibilities have broad application prospects in biosensors. Herein, we report a promising organic photoelectric multielectron donor nanocomposite for highly sensitive PEC immunoassays. Specifically, the organic multielectron donor nanocomposite (DA-ZnTCPP-g-C3N4) was prepared from dopamine (DA, polyphenol hydroxyl structure substance), zinc tetracarboxylate porphyrin (ZnTCPP, large p-π conjugated heterocyclic compound), and two-dimensional graphene-like nitrogen carbide (g-C3N4) via an amidation reaction. With a multielectron donor structure and photoelectricity, this nanocomposite can achieve sensitization by self-structure without the addition of an electron donor in the test solution. It was utilized to label the carcinoembryonic detection antibody as a immuno-probe (Ab2-DA-ZnTCPP-g-C3N4). Meanwhile, the glassy carbon electrode electrodeposited with gold nanoparticles anchoring the capture antibody was used as a PEC immunomatrix (Ab1/DpAu/GCE). The enhanced PEC current, "signal on", was confirmed by the immunosensor via sandwich immunorecognition of a carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Under optimal conditions, the as-prepared sensing platform displayed high sensitivity for CEA with a dynamic linear response range from 10 fg·mL-1 to 1 mg·mL-1 and a lower detection limit of 3.6 fg·mL-1. This organic nanocomposite showed good sensitivity and stability in an immunosensing system with a low background. This strategy affords a promising approach for biological applications of organic photoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fangjing Mo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wanqing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yingzi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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29
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Soldano C, Laouadi O, Gallegos-Rosas K. TCTA:Ir(ppy) 3 Green Emissive Blends in Organic Light-Emitting Transistors (OLETs). ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:43719-43728. [PMID: 36506198 PMCID: PMC9730476 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic light-emitting transistors are photonic devices combining the function of an electrical switch with the capability of generating light under appropriate bias conditions. Achieving high-performance light-emitting transistors requires high-mobility organic semiconductors, optimized device structures, and highly efficient emissive layers. In this work, we studied the optoelectronic response of green blends (TCTA:Ir(ppy)3) with varying doping concentrations in the limit of field-effect within a transistor device configuration. Increasing the dye concentration within the blend leads to a quenching of the photoluminescence signal; however, when implemented in a multilayer stack in a transistor, we observed an approximately 5-fold improvement in the light output for a 10% Ir(ppy)3 doping blend. We analyzed our results in terms of balanced charge transport in the emissive layer, which, in the limit of field-effect (horizontal component), leads to an improved exciton formation and decay process. While the performances of our devices are yet to achieve the state-of-the-art diode counterpart, this work demonstrates that engineering the emissive layer is a promising approach to enhance the light emission in field-effect devices. This opens the way for a broader exploitation of organic light-emitting transistors as alternative photonic devices in several fields, ranging from display technology to flexible and wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ornella Laouadi
- Department of Electronics
and Nanoengineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150Espoo, Finland
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30
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Nakayama Y, Tsuruta R, Koganezawa T. 'Molecular Beam Epitaxy' on Organic Semiconductor Single Crystals: Characterization of Well-Defined Molecular Interfaces by Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Diffraction Techniques. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7119. [PMID: 36295203 PMCID: PMC9605552 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Epitaxial growth, often termed "epitaxy", is one of the most essential techniques underpinning semiconductor electronics, because crystallinities of the materials seriously dominate operation efficiencies of the electronic devices such as power gain/consumption, response speed, heat loss, and so on. In contrast to already well-established epitaxial growth methodologies for inorganic (covalent or ionic) semiconductors, studies on inter-molecular (van der Waals) epitaxy for organic semiconductors is still in the initial stage. In the present review paper, we briefly summarize recent works on the epitaxial inter-molecular junctions built on organic semiconductor single-crystal surfaces, particularly on single crystals of pentacene and rubrene. Experimental methodologies applicable for the determination of crystal structures of such organic single-crystal-based molecular junctions are also illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Nakayama
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan
- Division of Colloid and Interface Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Japan
- Research Group for Advanced Energy Conversion, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | - Ryohei Tsuruta
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Koganezawa
- Industrial Application Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
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31
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Kim S, Seo J, Choi J, Yoo H. Vertically Integrated Electronics: New Opportunities from Emerging Materials and Devices. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:201. [PMID: 36205848 PMCID: PMC9547046 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00942-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vertical three-dimensional (3D) integration is a highly attractive strategy to integrate a large number of transistor devices per unit area. This approach has emerged to accommodate the higher demand of data processing capability and to circumvent the scaling limitation. A huge number of research efforts have been attempted to demonstrate vertically stacked electronics in the last two decades. In this review, we revisit materials and devices for the vertically integrated electronics with an emphasis on the emerging semiconductor materials that can be processable by bottom-up fabrication methods, which are suitable for future flexible and wearable electronics. The vertically stacked integrated circuits are reviewed based on the semiconductor materials: organic semiconductors, carbon nanotubes, metal oxide semiconductors, and atomically thin two-dimensional materials including transition metal dichalcogenides. The features, device performance, and fabrication methods for 3D integration of the transistor based on each semiconductor are discussed. Moreover, we highlight recent advances that can be important milestones in the vertically integrated electronics including advanced integrated circuits, sensors, and display systems. There are remaining challenges to overcome; however, we believe that the vertical 3D integration based on emerging semiconductor materials and devices can be a promising strategy for future electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongjae Kim
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyung Seo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhwan Choi
- Center of Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, 152 Jukjeon-ro, Suji-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 16890, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hocheon Yoo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Electrostatically-sprayed carbon electrodes for high performance organic complementary circuits. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16009. [PMID: 36207311 PMCID: PMC9546853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19387-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) are promising building blocks of flexible printable electronic devices. Similar to inorganic FETs, OTFTs are heterostructures consisting of metals, insulators, and semiconductors, in which nanoscale interfaces between different components should be precisely engineered. However, OTFTs use noble metals, such as gold, as electrodes, which has been a bottleneck in terms of cost reduction and low environmental loading. In this study, we demonstrate that graphite-based carbon electrodes can be deposited and patterned directly onto an organic single-crystalline thin film via electrostatic spray coating. The present OTFTs exhibited reasonably high field-effect mobilities of up to 11 cm2 V−1 s−1 for p-type and 1.4 cm2 V−1 s−1 for n-type with no significant deterioration during electrostatic spray processes. We also demonstrate two significant milestones from the viewpoint of material science: a complementary circuit, an inverter consisting of p- and n-type OTFTs, and an operatable metal-free OTFT composed of fully carbon-based materials. These results constitute a key step forward in the further development of printed metal-free integrated circuits.
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Wesp T, Bruckhoff T, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Peri-Decoration of a Tetraazaperylene with Urea Units: Chiral Octaazaperopyrenedioxides (OAPPDOs) and Their Optical and Chiroptical Properties. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201706. [PMID: 35758597 PMCID: PMC9796452 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Octaazaperopyrenedioxides (OAPPDOs) are a new class of fluorescent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons based on a tetraazaperylene core that is formally condensed with N-substituted urea units in the two opposite peri positions. Here, we report the synthesis of series of substituted OAPPDO derivatives with different N-substitution patterns (H, alkyl, benzyl) in the peri positions, including bay-chlorinated OAPPDOs. Starting from the latter, a series of bay-arylated OAPPDOs was synthesized by Suzuki cross coupling, which resulted in the formation of helically chiral OAPPDO derivatives. The electrochemical and photophysical properties were investigated by UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as cyclic voltammetry. The P and M enantiomers of a phenylated OAPPDO were separated by semipreparative HPLC and further analyzed by CD spectroscopy. The frontier orbital energies, the mechanism of the isomerization, the electronic excitation and the CD spectrum (TD-DFT) were computed and compared to the experimental data. The reversible 1e- oxidation of the OAPPDOs generates the corresponding radical cations, one of which was characterized by EPR spectroscopy. The reversible oxidation process was also systematically investigated by spectro-electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Wesp
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Tim Bruckhoff
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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34
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Takimiya K, Bulgarevich K, Sahara K, Kanazawa K, Takenaka H, Kawabata K. What defines a crystal structure? Effects of chalcogen atoms in 3,7‐bis(methylchalcogeno)benzo[1,2‐
b
:4,5‐
b
′]dichalcogenophene‐based organic semiconductors. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Takimiya
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6‐3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba‐ku Sendai Miyagi 980‐8578 Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2‐1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351‐0198 Japan
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University (WPI‐AIMR), 2‐1‐1 Katahira, Aoba‐ku Sendai Miyagi 980‐8577 Japan
| | - Kirill Bulgarevich
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2‐1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351‐0198 Japan
| | - Kamon Sahara
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6‐3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba‐ku Sendai Miyagi 980‐8578 Japan
| | - Kiseki Kanazawa
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6‐3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba‐ku Sendai Miyagi 980‐8578 Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2‐1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351‐0198 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takenaka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6‐3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba‐ku Sendai Miyagi 980‐8578 Japan
| | - Kohsuke Kawabata
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6‐3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba‐ku Sendai Miyagi 980‐8578 Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2‐1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351‐0198 Japan
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35
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Jeong E, Ito T, Takahashi K, Koganezawa T, Hayashi H, Aratani N, Suzuki M, Yamada H. Exploration of Alkyl Group Effects on the Molecular Packing of 5,15-Disubstituted Tetrabenzoporphyrins toward Efficient Charge-Carrier Transport. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:32319-32329. [PMID: 35816704 PMCID: PMC9307050 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The high design flexibility of organic semiconductors should lead to diverse and complex electronic functions. However, currently available high-performance organic semiconductors are limited in variety; most of p-type materials are based on thienoacenes or related one-dimensionally (1D) extended π-conjugated systems. In an effort to expand the diversity of organic semiconductors, we are working on the development of tetrabenzoporphyrin (BP) derivatives as active-layer components of organic electronic devices. BP is characterized by its large, rigid two-dimensionally (2D) extended π-framework with high light absorptivity and therefore is promising as a core building unit of organic semiconductors for optoelectronic applications. Herein, we demonstrate that BP derivatives can afford field-effect hole mobilities of >4 cm2 V-1 s-1 upon careful tuning of substituents. Comparative analysis of a series of 5,15-bis(n-alkyldimethylsilylethynyl)tetrabenzoporphyrins reveals that linear alkyl substituents disrupt the π-π stacking of BP cores, unlike the widely observed "fastener effect" for 1D extended π-systems. The n-octyl and n-dodecyl groups have the best balance between high solution processability and minimal π-π stacking disruption, leading to superior hole mobilities in solution-processed thin films. The resulting thin films show high thermal stability wherein the field-effect hole mobility stays above 1 cm2 V-1 s-1 even after heating at 160 °C in air, reflecting the tight packing of large BP units. These findings will serve as a good basis for extracting the full potential of 2D extended π-frameworks and thus for increasing the structural or functional diversities of high-performance organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjeong Jeong
- Division
of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ito
- Division
of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kohtaro Takahashi
- Division
of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Koganezawa
- Japan
Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), SPring-8, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Hironobu Hayashi
- Division
of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Division
of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Suzuki
- Division
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Division
of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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36
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Savedra RML, de Morais MNB, Siqueira MF. On the microstructures of the bulk of P3HT amorphous films obtained from two protocols: Insights from molecular dynamics simulations. J Mol Graph Model 2022; 117:108279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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37
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Yu CP, Kumagai S, Kushida T, Mitani M, Mitsui C, Ishii H, Takeya J, Okamoto T. Mixed-Orbital Charge Transport in N-Shaped Benzene- and Pyrazine-Fused Organic Semiconductors. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11159-11167. [PMID: 35701868 PMCID: PMC9490824 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The hole-carrier
transport of organic semiconductors is widely
known to occur via intermolecular orbital overlaps of the highest
occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO), though the effect of other occupied
molecular orbitals on charge transport is rarely investigated. In
this work, we first demonstrate evidence of a mixed-orbital charge
transport concept in the high-performance N-shaped decyl-dinaphtho[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene (C10–DNBDT–NW), where electronic couplings of the second
HOMO (SHOMO) and third HOMO (THOMO) also contribute to the charge
transport. We then present the molecular design of an N-shaped bis(naphtho[2′,3′:4,5]thieno)[2,3-b:2′,3′-e]pyrazine (BNTP)
π-electron system to induce more pronounced mixed-orbital charge
transport by incorporating the pyrazine moiety. An effective synthetic
strategy for the pyrazine-fused extended π-electron system is
developed. With substituent engineering, the favorable two-dimensional
herringbone assembly can be obtained with BNTP, and the decylphenyl-substituted
BNTP (C10Ph–BNTP) demonstrates large electronic
couplings involving the HOMO, SHOMO, and THOMO in the herringbone
assembly. C10Ph–BNTP further shows enhanced mixed-orbital
charge transport when the electronic couplings of all three occupied
molecular orbitals are taken into consideration, which results in
a high hole mobility up to 9.6 cm2 V–1 s–1 in single-crystal thin-film organic field-effect
transistors. The present study provides insights into the contribution
of HOMO, SHOMO, and THOMO to the mixed-orbital charge transport of
organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig P Yu
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Shohei Kumagai
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Tomokatsu Kushida
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Masato Mitani
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Chikahiko Mitsui
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishii
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Jun Takeya
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan.,International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 205-0044, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Okamoto
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan.,PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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38
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Zhu Y, Xing X, Liu Z, Meng H. A step towards the application of molecular plasmonic-like excitations of PAH derivatives in organic electrochromics. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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39
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Bai W, Yang P, Liu H, Zou Y, Wang X, Yang Y, Gu Z, Li Y. Boosting the Optical Absorption of Melanin-like Polymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanjie Bai
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Peng Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Huijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yuan Zou
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xianheng Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ye Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhipeng Gu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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40
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Kumagai S, Koguma T, Annaka T, Sawabe C, Tani Y, Sugiura H, Watanabe T, Hashizume D, Takeya J, Okamoto T. Regioselective Functionalization of Nitrogen-Embedded Perylene Diimides for High-Performance Organic Electron-Transporting Materials. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Kumagai
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Takeru Koguma
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Annaka
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Chizuru Sawabe
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Yukio Tani
- Fujifilm Corp., Kaisei-machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa 258-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sugiura
- Fujifilm Corp., Kaisei-machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa 258-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Watanabe
- Fujifilm Corp., Kaisei-machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa 258-8577, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Jun Takeya
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- MANA, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 205-0044, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Okamoto
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- PRESTO, JST, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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41
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Lin Y, Li G, Yu P, Ercan E, Chen W. Organic liquid crystals in optoelectronic device applications:
Field‐effect
transistors, nonvolatile memory, and photovoltaics. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Guan‐Syuan Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ping‐Jui Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ender Ercan
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wen‐Chang Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
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42
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Wesp T, Bruckhoff T, Petry J, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Towards Nitrogen‐Rich N‐Heteropolycycles: Synthesis of Octaazaperopyrenes (OAPP). Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200129. [PMID: 35137989 PMCID: PMC9306853 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ortho substituted octaazaperopyrenes (OAPPs) are a new class of functional dyes characterized by their strong electron‐accepting behavior. Herein, the synthesis, as well as the electrochemical and photo physical properties of an OAPP dye, is reported. The OAPP target was prepared via selective nucleophilic substitution at the peri position of a bay chlorinated tetraazaperylene by introduction of four amino‐substituents. The resulting tetraminoperylene was reacted with different acyl chlorides and anhydrides to give the twisted bay chlorinated OAPP derivatives which were isolated in their reduced dihydro‐form. The OAPP target could be obtained via a palladium catalyzed dehalogenation and a subsequent oxidation. The eightfold isosteric [CH→N] replacement within the peropyrene core structure results in a large decrease of the frontier orbital energies, rendering the target compound a potent oxidant while preserving the planarity of the aromatic core. The radical anion was obtained by reduction of the OAPP with KC8 and characterized by EPR spectroscopy. A general discussion of the number and location of [CH→N] replacements in peropyrene structures and their frontier orbital energies is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Wesp
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Tim Bruckhoff
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Julian Petry
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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43
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Mukherjee A, Akulov AA, Santra S, Varaksin MV, Kim GA, Kopchuk DS, Taniya OS, Zyryanov GV, Chupakhin ON. 2,7-Diazapyrenes: a brief review on synthetic strategies and application opportunities. RSC Adv 2022; 12:9323-9341. [PMID: 35424878 PMCID: PMC8985108 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00260d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
2,7-Diazapyrenes are promising azaaromatic scaffolds with a unique structural geometry and supramolecular properties. This core moiety and its derivatives with some N-methyl cations like N-methyl-2,7,-diazapyrenium, and N,N'-dimethyl-2,7-diazapyrenium attract special attention due to their challenging photophysical properties, especially in the context of interactions with DNA and some of its mononucleotides. This review focuses on the analysis of the main synthetic approaches to 2,7-diazapyrene and its functional derivatives employing various strategies under different reaction conditions. The opportunities of applications of 2,7-diazapyrenes, including their remarkable photophysical and supramolecular properties, DNA-bindings, in sensors, molecular electronics, supramolecular systems, and related areas are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Mukherjee
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin 19 Mira str. Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
| | - Alexey A Akulov
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin 19 Mira str. Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
| | - Sougata Santra
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin 19 Mira str. Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail V Varaksin
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin 19 Mira str. Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, UB of the RAS 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str. Yekaterinburg 620219 Russian Federation
| | - Grigory A Kim
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, UB of the RAS 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str. Yekaterinburg 620219 Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry S Kopchuk
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin 19 Mira str. Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, UB of the RAS 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str. Yekaterinburg 620219 Russian Federation
| | - Olga S Taniya
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin 19 Mira str. Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
| | - Grigory V Zyryanov
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin 19 Mira str. Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, UB of the RAS 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str. Yekaterinburg 620219 Russian Federation
| | - Oleg N Chupakhin
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin 19 Mira str. Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, UB of the RAS 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str. Yekaterinburg 620219 Russian Federation
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Kumagai S, Ishii H, Watanabe G, Yu CP, Watanabe S, Takeya J, Okamoto T. Nitrogen-Containing Perylene Diimides: Molecular Design, Robust Aggregated Structures, and Advances in n-Type Organic Semiconductors. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:660-672. [PMID: 35157436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusOrganic semiconductors (OSCs) have attracted much attention because of their potential applications for flexible and printed electronic devices and thus have been extensively investigated in a variety of research fields, such as organic chemistry, solid-state physics, and device physics and engineering. Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs), a class of OSC-based devices, have been expected to be an alternative of silicon-based metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), which is the indispensable element for most of the current electronic devices. However, the noncovalently aggregated, van der Waals solid nature of the OSCs, by contrast to covalently bound silicon, conventionally exhibits lower carrier mobilities, limiting the practical applications of OTFTs. In particular, electron-transporting (i.e., n-type) OSCs lag behind their hole-transporting (p-type) counterparts in carrier mobility and ambient stability as OTFTs. This is primarily because of the difficulty in achieving compatibility between the aggregated structure exhibiting excellent carrier mobility and that with enough electron affinity. Recent understandings of carrier transport in OSCs explain that large and two-dimensionally isotropic transfer integrals coupled with small fluctuations are crucial for high carrier mobilities. In addition, from a practical point of view, the compatibility with practical device processes is highly required. Rational molecular design principles, therefore, are still demanded for developing OSCs and OTFTs toward high-end device applications.Herein, we will show our recent progress in the development of n-type OSCs with the key π-electron core (π-core) of benzo[de]isoquinolino[1,8-gh]quinolinetetracarboxylic diimide (BQQDI) on the basis of single-crystal OTFT technologies and the band-transport model enabled by two-dimensional molecular packing arrangements. The critical point is the introduction of electronegative nitrogen atoms into the π-core: the nitrogen atoms in BQQDI not only deepen the molecular orbital energies but also allow hydrogen-bonding-like attractive intermolecular interactions to control the aggregated structures, unlike the conventional role of the nitrogen introduced into OSCs only for the former role. Hence, the BQQDI analogues exhibit air-stable OTFT behavior and two-dimensional brickwork packing structures. Specifically, phenethyl-substituted analogue (PhC2-BQQDI) has been shown as the first principal BQQDI-based material, demonstrating solution-processable thin-film single crystals, fewer anisotropic transfer integrals, and an effective suppression of molecular motions, leading to band-like electron-transport properties and stress-durable n-channel OTFT performances, in conjunction with the support of computational calculations. Insights into more fundamental points of view have been found by side-chain derivatization and OTFT studies on polycrystalline and single-crystal films. We hope that this Account provides readers with new strategies for designing high-performance OSCs by two-dimensional control of the aggregated structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Kumagai
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishii
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Go Watanabe
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Craig P. Yu
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Shun Watanabe
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Jun Takeya
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- MANA, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 205-0044, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Okamoto
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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Macchia E, Torricelli F, Bollella P, Sarcina L, Tricase A, Di Franco C, Österbacka R, Kovács-Vajna ZM, Scamarcio G, Torsi L. Large-Area Interfaces for Single-Molecule Label-free Bioelectronic Detection. Chem Rev 2022; 122:4636-4699. [PMID: 35077645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectronic transducing surfaces that are nanometric in size have been the main route to detect single molecules. Though enabling the study of rarer events, such methodologies are not suited to assay at concentrations below the nanomolar level. Bioelectronic field-effect-transistors with a wide (μm2-mm2) transducing interface are also assumed to be not suited, because the molecule to be detected is orders of magnitude smaller than the transducing surface. Indeed, it is like seeing changes on the surface of a one-kilometer-wide pond when a droplet of water falls on it. However, it is a fact that a number of large-area transistors have been shown to detect at a limit of detection lower than femtomolar; they are also fast and hence innately suitable for point-of-care applications. This review critically discusses key elements, such as sensing materials, FET-structures, and target molecules that can be selectively assayed. The amplification effects enabling extremely sensitive large-area bioelectronic sensing are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Macchia
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Fabrizio Torricelli
- Dipartimento Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Paolo Bollella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy.,Centre for Colloid and Surface Science - Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Sarcina
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Tricase
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Di Franco
- CNR, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Sede di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Ronald Österbacka
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Zsolt M Kovács-Vajna
- Dipartimento Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Scamarcio
- CNR, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Sede di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy.,Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica "M. Merlin", Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Torsi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland.,Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy.,Centre for Colloid and Surface Science - Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
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Wilson‐Kovacs RS, Fang X, Hagemann MJL, Symons HE, Faul CFJ. Design and Control of Perylene Supramolecular Polymers through Imide Substitutions. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202103443. [PMID: 34595777 PMCID: PMC9298417 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The number and type of new supramolecular polymer (SMP) systems have increased rapidly in recent years. Some of the key challenges faced for these novel systems include gaining full control over the mode of self-assembly, the creation of novel architectures and exploring functionality. Here, we provide a critical overview of approaches related to perylene-based SMPs and discuss progress to exert control over these potentially important SMPs through chemical modification of the imide substituents. Imide substitutions affect self-assembly behaviour orthogonally to the intrinsic optoelectronic properties of the perylene core, making for a valuable approach to tune SMP properties. Several recent approaches are therefore highlighted, with a focus on controlling 1) morphology, 2) H- or J- aggregation, and 3) mechanism of growth and degree of aggregation using thermodynamic and kinetic control. Areas of potential future exploration and application of these functional SMPs are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xue Fang
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | | | - Henry E. Symons
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Charl F. J. Faul
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
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Borissov A, Maurya YK, Moshniaha L, Wong WS, Żyła-Karwowska M, Stępień M. Recent Advances in Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds. Chem Rev 2022; 122:565-788. [PMID: 34850633 PMCID: PMC8759089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review surveys recent progress in the chemistry of polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules with a focus on structural diversity and synthetic methodology. The article covers literature published during the period of 2016-2020, providing an update to our first review of this topic (Chem. Rev. 2017, 117 (4), 3479-3716).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet
Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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Shanwu L, Chenyujie Z, Yinhao L, Yaru Z, Hanming T, Zongrui W, Yonggang Z. Research Progress in n-type Organic Semiconducting Materials Based on Amides or Imides. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a22080380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Debata S, Khatua R, Sahu S. Synergistic effects of side-functionalization and aza-substitution on the charge transport and optical properties of perylene-based organic materials: a DFT study. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj06084h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties of organic materials are subject to the chemical structure of the molecular unit and the arrangement of molecules in a crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryakanti Debata
- Computational Materials Research Lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India
| | - Rudranarayan Khatua
- Computational Materials Research Lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India
| | - Sridhar Sahu
- Computational Materials Research Lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India
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50
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Chen L, Wu B, Qin L, Huang YY, Meng W, Kong R, Yu X, ChenChai K, Li C, Zhang G, Zhang X, Zhang D. Perylene Five-membered Ring Diimide for Organic Semiconductors and π-Expanded Conjugated Molecules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5100-5103. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01061e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A perylene five-membered ring diimide PDI39 was developed as a new electron-deficient building block for n-type semiconductors. The π-expanded conjugated molecules entailing azulenes were synthesized from PDI39. These conjuagted molecules...
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