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Hoshika Y, Pollastrini M, Marzuoli R, Gerosa G, Marra E, Moura BB, Agathokleous E, Calatayud V, Feng Z, Sicard P, Paoletti E. Unraveling the difference of sensitivity to ozone between non-hybrid native poplar and hybrid poplar clones: A flux-based dose-response analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 358:124524. [PMID: 38986760 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Poplars are economically important tree crops and biologically important model plants, which are known to be sensitive to ozone (O3). Although surface O3 is considered as a significant global environmental issue because of its phytotoxicity and greenhouse effect, the knowledge of the dose-response (DR) relationships in poplars for the assessment of O3 risk is still limited. Hence, this study aimed at collecting data of studies with manipulative O3 exposures of poplars within FACE (Free Air Concentration Enhancement) and OTC (Open-Top Chamber) facilities. The datasets contain studies on hybrid poplar clones and a non-hybrid native poplar (Populus nigra L.) reporting both AOT40 (Accumulated exposure Over a Threshold of 40 ppb) and POD1 (Phytotoxic Ozone Dose above a threshold of 1 nmol m-2 Projected Leaf Area [PLA] s-1) to compare exposure- and flux-based indices. As a result, linear regression analysis showed that the flux-based POD1 was better than the exposure-based AOT40 to explain the biomass response of poplars to O3. From the DR relationships, a critical level (CL) of 5.7 mmol m-2 POD1 has been derived corresponding to 4% biomass growth reduction for hybrid poplar clones, which can be considered very sensitive to O3, while the non-hybrid native poplar was less sensitive to O3 (CL: 10.3 mmol m-2 POD1), although the potential risk of O3 for this taxon is still high due to very high stomatal conductance. Moreover, the different experimental settings (OTC vs. FACE) have affected the AOT40-based DR relationships but not the POD1-based DR relationships, suggesting that poplar responses to O3 were principally explained by stomatal O3 uptake regardless of the different experimental settings and exposure patterns. These results highlight the importance of the flux-based approach, especially when scaling up from experimental datasets to the O3 risk assessment for poplars at the regional or global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutomo Hoshika
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Sede secondaria di Firenze, Via Madonna del Piano, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, 90133, Italy.
| | - Martina Pollastrini
- University of Florence, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, Viale delle idee 30, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, 50144, Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo Marzuoli
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Via Garzetta 48, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Gerosa
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Via Garzetta 48, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Marra
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Sede secondaria di Firenze, Via Madonna del Piano, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Barbara Baesso Moura
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Sede secondaria di Firenze, Via Madonna del Piano, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, 90133, Italy
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Vicent Calatayud
- Fundación CEAM, c/ Charles R. Darwin 14, Parque Tecnológico, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Pierre Sicard
- ARGANS, Sophia-Antipolis, France; Institutul Naţional de Cercetare-Dezvoltare în Silvicultură"Marin Drăcea,", Voluntari, Romania
| | - Elena Paoletti
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Sede secondaria di Firenze, Via Madonna del Piano, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, 90133, Italy
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Yao W, You X, Gao A, Lin J, Wu M, Li A, Gao Z, Zhang Y, Zhang H. Assessment of ozone pollution on rice yield reduction and economic losses in Sichuan province during 2015-2020. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 357:124404. [PMID: 38908674 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in surface ozone (O3) concentrations in the troposphere. Ozone pollution has significant adverse effects on ecosystems, human health, and climate change, particularly on crop growth and yield. This study utilized the observational hourly O3 data, cumulative O3 concentration over 40 ppb per h (AOT40), and the mean daytime 7-h O3 concentration (M7) to analyze the spatiotemporal distributions of relative yield losses (RYLs) and evaluate the yield reduction and economic losses of rice in Sichuan province from 2015 to 2020. The results indicated that the average O3 concentration during the growing rice season ranged from 55.4 to 69.3 μg/m3, with the highest O3 concentration observed in 2017, and the AOT40 ranged from 4.5 to 8.7 ppm h from 2015 to 2020. At the county level, the O3 concentration, AOT40, and the relative yield loss (RYL) of rice based on AOT40 exhibited clear spatiotemporal differences in Sichuan. The RYLs of AOT40 were 4.9-9.2% from 2015 to 2020. According to AOT40 and M7 metrics, the yield loss and economic losses attributed to O3 pollution amounted to 78.75-150.36 (9.74-21.54) ten thousand tons, and 2079.08-4149.89 (257.25-594.45) million Yuan, respectively. Rice yield and economic losses were relatively large in the Chengdu Plain, southern Sichuan, and northeast Sichuan. These findings will contribute to a deeper understanding of the detrimental effects of elevated surface O3 concentrations on rice crops. It is imperative to implement more stringent O3 reduction measures aimed at lowering O3 concentrations, enhancing rice quality, and safeguarding food security in Sichuan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Yao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
| | - Xi You
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
| | - Aifang Gao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Shanghai, 200438, China; Hebei Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources and Optimization of Industrial Structure, Hebei Center for Ecological and Environmental Geology Research, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China.
| | - Jiaxuan Lin
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
| | - Michuan Wu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
| | - Aiguo Li
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
| | - Zhijuan Gao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Environment and Health Research Base of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Shijiazhuang), Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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3
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Guo P, Du H, Mao Q, Deng Y, Wang X, Li J, Xiong B, Fan X, Wang D, Agathokleous E, Ma M. The duality of sulfate-reducing bacteria: Reducing methylmercury production in rhizosphere but enhancing accumulation in rice plants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135049. [PMID: 38970973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are known to alter methylmercury (MeHg) production in paddy soil, but the effect of SRB on MeHg dynamics in rhizosphere and rice plants remains to be fully elucidated. The present study investigated the impact of SRB on MeHg levels in unsterilized and γ-sterilized mercury-polluted paddy soils, with the aim to close this knowledge gap. Results showed that the presence of SRB reduced MeHg production by ∼22 % and ∼17 % in the two soils, but elevated MeHg contents by approximately 55 % and 99 % in rice grains, respectively. Similar trend at smaller scales were seen in roots and shoots. SRB inoculation exerted the most profound impact on amino acid metabolism in roots, with the relative response of L-arginine positively linking to MeHg concentrations in rhizosphere. The SRB-induced enrichment of MeHg in rice plants may be interpreted by the stronger presence of endophytic nitrogen-related microbes (e.g. Methylocaldum, Hyphomicrobium and Methylocystis) and TGA transcription factors interacting with glutathione metabolism and calmodulin. Our study provides valuable insights into the complex effects of SRB inoculation on MeHg dynamics in rice ecosystems, and may help to develop strategies to effectively control MeHg accumulation in rice grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Guo
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Hongxia Du
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Innovative Application of Genetic Technology, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Qiaozhi Mao
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yuhan Deng
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xun Wang
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Industry Polytechnic College, Chongqing 401120, PR China
| | - Bingcai Xiong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Innovative Application of Genetic Technology, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xu Fan
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Dingyong Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Department of Ecology, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Ming Ma
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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Nan N, Liu Y, Yan Z, Zhang Y, Li S, Zhang J, Qin G, Sang N. Ozone induced multigenerational glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in Drosophila. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175477. [PMID: 39151609 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Ozone (O3), a persistent pollutant, poses a significant health threat. However, research on its multigenerational toxicity remains limited. Leveraging the Drosophila model with its short lifespan and advanced genetic tools, we explored the effects of O3 exposure across three generations of fruit flies. The findings revealed that O3 disrupted motility, body weight, stress resistance, and oxidative stress in three generations of flies, with varying effects observed among them. Transcriptome analysis highlighted the disruption of glucose metabolism-related pathways, encompassing gluconeogenesis/glycolysis, galactose metabolism, and carbon metabolism. Hub genes were identified, and RT-qPCR results indicated that O3 decreased their transcription levels. Comparative analysis of their human orthologs was conducted using Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) and DisGeNET databases. These genes are linked to various metabolic diseases, including diabetes, hypoglycemia, and obesity. The trehalose content was reduced in F0 generation flies but increased in F1-F2 generations after O3 exposure. While the trehalase and glucose levels were decreased across F0-F2 generations. TAG synthesis-related genes were significantly upregulated in F0 generation flies but downregulated in F1-F2 generations. The expression patterns of lipolysis-related genes varied among the three generations of flies. Food intake was increased in F0 generation flies but decreased in F1-F2 generations. Moreover, TAG content was significantly elevated in F0 generation flies by O3 exposure, while it was reduced in F2 generation flies. These differential effects of O3 across three generations of flies suggest a metabolic reprogramming aimed at mitigating the damage caused by O3 to flies. The study affirms the viability of employing the Drosophila model to investigate the mechanisms underlying O3-induced glucose and lipid metabolism disorders while emphasizing the importance of studying the long-term health effects of O3 exposure. Moreover, this research highlights the Drosophila model as a viable tool for investigating the multigenerational effects of pollutants, particularly atmospheric pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Nan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Yuntong Liu
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Yan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Shiya Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Jianqin Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Guohua Qin
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
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5
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Zaman R, Shah A, Ishangulyyeva G, Erbilgin N. Exploring behavioural and physiological adaptations in mountain pine beetle in response to elevated ozone concentrations. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142751. [PMID: 38960047 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Elevated ozone (eO3) concentrations pose a threat to insect populations by potentially altering their behaviour and physiology. This study investigates the effects of eO3 concentrations on the mountain pine beetle which is a major tree-killing species of conifers in northwestern North America. We are particularly interested in understanding the effects of eO3 concentrations on beetle behaviour and physiology and possible transgenerational impacts on bark beetle broods. We conducted O3-enrichment experiments in a controlled laboratory setting using different O3 concentrations (100-200 ppb; projected for 2050-2100) and assessed various beetle responses, including CO2 respiration, mating behaviour, survival probability, locomotion, and attraction behaviour. Transgenerational impacts on the first and second generations were also analyzed by studying brood morphology, mating behaviour, survival, and pheromone production. We found that beetles exposed to eO3 concentrations had shorter oviposition galleries and reduced brood production. Beetle pheromones were also degraded by eO3 exposure. However, exposure to eO3 also prompted various adaptive responses in beetles. Despite reduced respiration, eO3 improved locomotor activity and the olfactory response of beetles. Surprisingly, beetle survival probability was also improved both in the parents and their broods. We also observed transgenerational plasticity in the broods of eO3-exposed parents, suggesting potential stress resistance mechanisms. This was evident by similar mating success, oviposition gallery length, and brood numbers produced in both control and eO3 concentration treatments. This study demonstrates the sensitivity of mountain pine beetles to increased O3 concentrations, contributing crucial insights into the ecological implications of eO3 concentrations on their populations. Overall, the outcome of this study contributes to informed climate change mitigation strategies and adaptive management practices for the development of resilient forests in response to emerging forest insect pests worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashaduz Zaman
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada.
| | - Ateeq Shah
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Guncha Ishangulyyeva
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Nadir Erbilgin
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada
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Ghafoor A, Shafiq F, Anwar S, Zhang L, Ashraf M. Comparative assessment of pantothenic, aspartic, ascorbic and tartaric acids assisted Pb-phytoextraction by sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Biometals 2024:10.1007/s10534-024-00619-9. [PMID: 39073690 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-024-00619-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Phytoextraction of lead (Pb) is a challenging task due to its extremely low mobility within soil and plant systems. In this study, we tested the influence of some novel chelating agents for Pb-phytoextraction using sunflower. The Pb was applied at control (0.0278 mM) and 4.826 mM Pb as Pb(NO3)2 through soil-spiking. After 10 days of Pb addition, four different organic ligands (aspartic, ascorbic, tartaric, and pantothenic acids) were added to the soil at 1 mM concentration each. respectively. In the absence of any chelate, sunflower plants grown at 4.826 mM Pb level accumulated Pb concentrations up to 104 µg g-1 DW in roots, whereas 64 µg g-1 DW in shoot. By contrast, tartaric acid promoted significantly Pb accumulation in roots (191 µg g-1 DW; + 45.5%) and shoot (131.6 µg g-1 DW; + 51.3%). Pantothenic acid also resulted in a significant Pb-uptake in the sunflower shoots (123 µg g-1 DW; + 47.9%) and in roots (177.3 µg g-1 DW; + 41.3%). The least effective amongst the chelates tested was aspartic acid, but it still contributed to + 40.1% more Pb accumulation in the sunflower root and shoots. In addition, plant growth, biochemical, and ionomic parameters were positively regulated by the organic chelates used. Especially, an increase in leaf Ca, P, and S was evident in Pb-stressed plants in response to chelates. These results highlight that the use of biocompatible organic chelates positively alters plant physio-biochemical traits contributing to higher Pb-sequestration in sunflower plant parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ghafoor
- Institue of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Shafiq
- Deaprtment of Botany, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Sumera Anwar
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institue of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
- School of Agriculture, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Manzini J, Hoshika Y, Sicard P, De Marco A, Ferrini F, Pallozzi E, Neri L, Baraldi R, Paoletti E, Moura BB. Detection of morphological and eco-physiological traits of ornamental woody species to assess their potential Net O 3 uptake. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118844. [PMID: 38579998 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Urban greening can improve cities' air quality by filtering the main gaseous pollutants such as tropospheric ozone (O3). However, the pollutant removal capacity offered by woody species strongly depends on eco-physiological and morphological traits. Woody species with higher stomatal conductance (gs) can remove more gases from the atmosphere, but other species can worsen air quality due to high O3 forming potential (OFP), based on their emitting rates of biogenic volatile organic compounds (bVOCs) and Leaf Mass per Area (LMA). Presently, there is a lack of data on eco-physiological (gs, bVOCs emissions) and foliar traits (LMA) for several ornamental species used in urban greening programs, which does not allow assessment of their O3 removal capacity and OFP. This study aimed to (i) parameterize gs, assess bVOCs emissions and LMA of 14 ornamental woody species commonly used in Mediterranean urban greening, and (ii) model their Net O3 uptake. The gs Jarvis model was parameterized considering various environmental conditions alongside isoprene and monoterpene foliar bVOCs emission rates trapped in the field and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results are helpful for urban planning and landscaping; suggesting that Catalpa bignonioides and Gleditsia triacanthos have excellent O3 removal capacity due to their high maximum gs (gmax) equal to 0.657 and 0.597 mol H2O m-2 s-1. Regarding bVOCs, high isoprene (16.75 μg gdw-1 h-1) and monoterpene (13.12 μg gdw-1 h-1) emission rates were found for Rhamnus alaternus and Cornus mas. In contrast, no bVOCs emissions were detected for Camellia sasanqua and Paulownia tomentosa. In conclusion, 11 species showed a positive Net O3 uptake, while the use of large numbers of R. alaternus, C. mas, and Chamaerops humilis for urban afforestation planning are not recommended due to their potential to induce a deterioration of outdoor air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Manzini
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine, 18, 50144, Firenze, Italy
| | - Yasutomo Hoshika
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, 90133, Italy.
| | - Pierre Sicard
- ARGANS, 260 Route du Pin Montard, BP 234, 06904, Sophia Antipolis, France; National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry "Marin Drăcea" (INCDS), 077030, Voluntari, Romania
| | - Alessandra De Marco
- National Agency for New Technologies, Energy, and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), CR Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine, 18, 50144, Firenze, Italy; Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Area della Ricerca di Torino, Strada delle Cacce, 73, 10135, Torino (To), Italy
| | - Emanuele Pallozzi
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 00015, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Luisa Neri
- Institute of Bioeconomy (IBE), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Baraldi
- Institute of Bioeconomy (IBE), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Paoletti
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, 90133, Italy
| | - Barbara Baesso Moura
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, 90133, Italy
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8
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Cheng Y, Peng Y, Cao LM, Huang XF, He LY. Identifying the geospatial relationship of surface ozone pollution in China: Implications for key pollution control regions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172763. [PMID: 38670373 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Surface ozone pollution, as a pressing environmental concern, has garnered widespread attention across China. Due to air mass transport, effective control of ozone pollution is highly dependent on collaborative efforts across neighboring regions. However, specific regions with strong internal interactions of ozone pollution are not yet well identified. Here, we introduced the Geospatial SHapley Additive exPlanation (GeoSHAP) approach, which primarily involves machine learning and geostatistical algorithms. Based on extensive atmospheric environmental monitoring data from 2017 to 2021, machine learning models were employed to train and predict ozone concentrations at the target location. The R2 values on the test sets of different scale regions all reached 0.98 in the overall condition, indicating that the core model has good accuracy and generalization ability. The results highlight key regions with high ozone geospatial relationship (OGR) index, predominantly located in the Northern District (ND), spanning the Fen-Wei Plain, the Loess Plateau, and the North China Plain, as well as within portions of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and the Pearl River Delta (PRD). Further investigation indicated that high geospatial relationships stem from a synergy between anthropogenic and natural factors, with anthropogenic factors serving as a pivotal element. This study revealed key regions with the most urgent need for joint control of anthropogenic sources to mitigate ozone pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cheng
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Observation Supersite, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Observation Supersite, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Li-Ming Cao
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Observation Supersite, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Huang
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Observation Supersite, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Ling-Yan He
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Observation Supersite, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
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9
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Tanaka R, Kawamata K, Urashima M, Matsuda K, Izuta T, Watanabe M. Vertical gradient of needle ozone uptake within the canopy of Cryptomeria japonica. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 258:119464. [PMID: 38908659 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Leaf ozone uptake through the stomata is an important index for the ozone risk assessments on trees. Stomatal conductance (gs) and ozone concentration ([O3]), determinants of the leaf ozone uptake, are known to show vertical gradients within a tree canopy. However, less is known about the within-canopy vertical gradient of leaf ozone uptake. This study was aimed to elucidate how the vertical gradient of [O3] and gs affect needle ozone uptake within a canopy of mature Cryptomeria japonica trees in a suburban forest at Tokyo, Japan. For this purpose, a multilayer gas exchange model was applied to estimate the vertical gradient of needle gs and the accumulated ozone uptake during the study period (POD1, Phytotoxic Ozone Dose above a threshold of 1 nmol m-2 s-1). In addition, we also tested several scenarios of vertical gradient of [O3] within the canopy for sensitivity analysis. The POD1 was declined from the top to the bottom of the canopy. This tendency strongly depended on the vertical gradient of gs and was hardly affected by the changes in simulated vertical reductions of the [O3]. We further assessed the photosynthesis of sunlit needles (needles absorbing both direct and diffuse light) and shaded needles (needles only absorbing diffuse light). The photosynthesis of shaded needles in the upper half of the canopy made a great contribution to the entire canopy photosynthesis. In addition, given that their POD1 was lower than that of sunlit needles, ozone may affect sunlit and shaded needles differently. We concluded that these considerations should be incorporated into modeling of the calculation of ozone uptake for mature trees to make accurate predictions of the ozone effects on trees at the canopy scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoji Tanaka
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kenta Kawamata
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Miyu Urashima
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Matsuda
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Takeshi Izuta
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
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10
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Li J, Ma Y, Li F, Zeng Z, Zhu H, Wang C, Wang L, Li K, Wang X, Ning P, Wang F. Stable O 3 Decomposition by Layered Double Hydroxides: The Pivotal Role of NiOOH Transformation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:10696-10705. [PMID: 38845125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
Because ozone (O3) is a significant air pollutant, advanced O3 elimination technologies, particularly those under high-humidity conditions, have become an essential research focus. In this study, a nickel-iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) was modified via intercalation with octanoate to develop an effective hydrophobic catalyst (NiFe-OAa-LDH) for O3 decomposition. The NiFe-OAa-LDH catalyst sustained its O3 decomposition rate of >98% for 48 h under conditions of 90% relative humidity, 840 L/(g·h) space velocity, and 100 ppm inlet O3 concentration. Moreover, it maintained a decomposition rate of 90% even when tested at a higher airflow rate of 2500 L/(g·h). Based on the changes induced by the Ni-OII to Ni-OIII bonds in NiFe-OAa-LDH during O3 treatment, catalytic O3 decomposition was proposed to occur in two stages. The first stage involved the reaction between the hydroxyl groups and O3, leading to the breakage of the O-H bonds, formation of NiOOH, and structural changes in the catalyst. This transformation resulted in the formation of abundant and stable hydrogen vacancies. According to density functional theory calculations, O3 can be effectively decomposed at the hydrogen vacancies with a low energy barrier during the second stage. This study provides new insights into O3 decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yixing Ma
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Fengyu Li
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ziruo Zeng
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Hengxi Zhu
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Chunxue Wang
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Langlang Wang
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Kai Li
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xueqian Wang
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ping Ning
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
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11
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Flores-Almaraz VS, Truong C, Hernández-Oaxaca D, Reyes-Galindo V, Mastretta-Yanes A, Jaramillo-Correa JP, Salas-Lizana R. Foliar mycobiome remains unaltered under urban air-pollution but differentially express stress-related genes. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2024; 87:72. [PMID: 38755460 PMCID: PMC11098924 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-024-02387-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution caused by tropospheric ozone contributes to the decline of forest ecosystems; for instance, sacred fir, Abies religiosa (Kunth) Schltdl. & Cham. forests in the peri-urban region of Mexico City. Individual trees within these forests exhibit variation in their response to ozone exposure, including the severity of visible symptoms in needles. Using RNA-Seq metatranscriptomic data and ITS2 metabarcoding, we investigated whether symptom variation correlates with the taxonomic and functional composition of fungal mycobiomes from needles collected in this highly polluted area in the surroundings of Mexico City. Our findings indicate that ozone-related symptoms do not significantly correlate with changes in the taxonomic composition of fungal mycobiomes. However, genes coding for 30 putative proteins were differentially expressed in the mycobiome of asymptomatic needles, including eight genes previously associated with resistance to oxidative stress. These results suggest that fungal communities likely play a role in mitigating the oxidative burst caused by tropospheric ozone in sacred fir. Our study illustrates the feasibility of using RNA-Seq data, accessible from global sequence repositories, for the characterization of fungal communities associated with plant tissues, including their gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Stephany Flores-Almaraz
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio A, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, Distrito Federal, México
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, 04510, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Camille Truong
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Birdwood Ave, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| | - Diana Hernández-Oaxaca
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad S/N, 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Verónica Reyes-Galindo
- Depto. de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, 04510, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alicia Mastretta-Yanes
- Consejo Nacional de Humanidades Ciencias y Tecnología (CONAHCYT), Avenida Insurgentes Sur 1582, Crédito Constructor, Benito Juárez, Ciudad de México, 03940, México.
- Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, 04510, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Juan Pablo Jaramillo-Correa
- Depto. de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, 04510, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Salas-Lizana
- Laboratorios de Micología. Depto. de Biología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias., Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.
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12
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Fu W, Zhao T, Sun X, Bai Y, Yang Q, Shen L, Liang D, Tan C, Luo Y, Yang K, Zhang Y, Wang J. Recent-year variations in O 3 pollution with high-temperature suppression over central China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123932. [PMID: 38583796 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
By analyzing environmental and meteorological monitoring data over recent years of 2015-2022, the Twain-Hu Basin (THB) in central China was identified as a regional O3 pollution center over China with the highest increasing trend at 1.10 %⸱yr-1 in interannual variations of O3 concentrations with deteriorating O3 pollution over recent years. We explored the spatiotemporal variations in O3 pollution in the THB with ozone suppression (OS) under high air temperature over metropolitan, small urban, and mountainous areas. The bipolarized interannual trends in interannual O3 variations in urban and mountainous areas over central China were characterized with the increasing and decreasing 90th percentiles of the daily maximum 8-h (MDA8-90) O3 concentrations respectively in polluted urban areas and clean mountainous areas over recent eight years. The changes of the near-surface O3 concentrations with air temperature exhibited the inflection points of OS from increasing to decreasing O3 at air temperature of 30.5 °C in mountainous areas, 32.5 °C in small urban areas, and 34.5 °C in metropolitan areas, and the intensity of OS was estimated in the ranking with mountainous areas (-2.30 μg⸱m-3⸱°C-1) > small urban areas (-1.96 μg⸱m-3⸱°C-1) > metropolitan areas (-1.54 μg⸱m-3⸱°C-1), indicating that the OS was more significant over the lower-O3 mountainous areas. This study has implications for understanding O3 pollution variations with the meteorological drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Fu
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory of Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Tianliang Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory of Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Science and Satellite Remote Sensing, Anhui Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Yongqing Bai
- Institute of Heavy Rain, China Meteorological Administration, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Qingjian Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory of Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Lijuan Shen
- School of Atmosphere and Remote Sensing, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, China
| | - Dingyuan Liang
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chenghao Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuehan Luo
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory of Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory of Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory of Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Junyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
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13
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Yoo JW, Park SY, Jo HY, Jeong Y, Lee HJ, Cheol-Hee Kim, Lee SH. Assessing the role of cold front passage and synoptic patterns on air pollution in the Korean Peninsula. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 348:123803. [PMID: 38521399 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Various numerical experiments using WRF (Weather Research & Forecasting Model) and CMAQ (Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System) were performed to analyze the phenomenon of rapidly high concentration PM2.5 after the passage of a cold front in an area with limited local emissions. The episode period was from January 14 to 23, 2018, and analysis was conducted by dividing it into two stages according to the characteristics of changes in PM2.5 concentrations during the period. Through the analysis of observational data during the episode period, we confirmed meteorological impacts (decrease in temperature, increase in wind speed and relative humidity) and an increase in air pollution (PM10 and PM2.5) attributed to the passage of a cold front. Using CMAQ's IPR (Integrated Process Rate) analysis, the contribution of the horizontal advection process was observed in transporting PM2.5 to Gangneung at higher altitudes, and the PM2.5 concentrations at the surface increased because the vertical advection process was influenced by the terrain. Notably, in Stage 2 (64 μg·m-3), a higher contribution of the vertical advection process compared to Stage 1 (35 μg·m-3) was observed, which is attributed to the differences in synoptic patterns following the passage of the cold front. During Stage 2, following the cold front, atmospheric stability (dominance of high-pressure system) led to air subsidence and the presence of a temperature inversion layer, creating favorable meteorological conditions for the accumulation of air pollutants. This study offers the mechanisms of air pollution over the Korean Peninsula under non-stationary meteorological conditions, particularly in relation to the passage of the cold front (low-pressure system). Notably, the influence of a cold front can vary according to the synoptic patterns that develop following its passage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Woo Yoo
- Institute of Environmental Studies, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Young Park
- Department of Science Education, Daegu National University of Education, Daegu, 42411, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Young Jo
- Institute of Environmental Studies, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeomin Jeong
- Institute of Environmental Studies, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- Institute of Environmental Studies, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Institute of Environmental Studies, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Environmental Studies, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Earth Science Education, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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14
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JawaharJothi G, Kovilpillai B, Subramanian A, Mani JR, Kumar S, Kannan B, Mani S. Effect of tropospheric ozone and its protectants on gas exchange parameters, antioxidant enzymes and quality of Garlic (Allium sativum. L). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2024; 68:991-1004. [PMID: 38528211 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02642-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
An experimental study was conducted to assess the detrimental effect of ground-level ozone (O3) on garlic physiology and to find out appropriate control measures against ground-level O3, at TNAU-Horticultural Research farm, Udhagamandalam. Elevated ground ozone levels significantly decreased garlic leaf chlorophyll, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, total soluble solids and pungency. The garlic chlorophyll content was highest in ambient ozone level and lowest in elevated ozone@200 ppb, highest stomatal conductance was recorded in ambient ozone with foliar spray of 3%Panchagavya, and the lowest was observed in elevated ozone@200 ppb. Since the elevated O3 had reduced in garlic photosynthetic rate significantly the lowest was observed in elevated O3@200 ppb and the highest photosynthetic rate was observed in ambient Ozone with foliar spray 3% of panchagavya after a week. The antioxidant enzymes of garlic were increased with increased concentration of tropospheric ozone. The highest catalase (60.97 µg of H2O2/g of leaf) and peroxidase (9.13 ΔA/min/g of leaf) concentration was observed at 200 ppb elevated ozone level. Garlic pungency content was highest in ambient ozone with foliar spray of 0.1% ascorbic acid and the lowest was observed under elevated O3@200 ppb. Highest total soluble solids were observed in ambient ozone with foliar spray of 3%Panchagavya and the lowest observed in elevated ozone@200 ppb. Thus, tropospheric ozone has a detrimental impact on the physiology of crops, which reduced crop growth and yield. Under elevated O3 levels, ascorbic acid performed well followed by panchagavya and neem oil. The antioxidant such as catalase and peroxidase had positive correlation among themselves and had negative correlation with chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, pungency and TSS. The photosynthetic rate has high positive correlation with chlorophyll content, pungency and TSS. Correlation analysis confirmed the negative effects of tropospheric ozone and garlic gas exchange parameters and clove quality. The ozone protectants will reduce stomatal opening by which the entry of O3 in to the cell will be restricted and other hand they also will alleviate ROS and allied stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri JawaharJothi
- Division of Environment Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Boomiraj Kovilpillai
- Agro Climate Research Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Avudainayagam Subramanian
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sudhir Kumar
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Balaji Kannan
- Department of Physical Science and Information Technology Tamil, Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sudhakaran Mani
- JKK Munirajah College of Agricultural Science, Tamil Nadu, Erode dt, India
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15
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Jiang NJ, Dong X, Veit D, Hansson BS, Knaden M. Elevated ozone disrupts mating boundaries in drosophilid flies. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2872. [PMID: 38605003 PMCID: PMC11009341 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Animals employ different strategies to establish mating boundaries between closely related species, with sex pheromones often playing a crucial role in identifying conspecific mates. Many of these pheromones have carbon-carbon double bonds, making them vulnerable to oxidation by certain atmospheric oxidant pollutants, including ozone. Here, we investigate whether increased ozone compromises species boundaries in drosophilid flies. We show that short-term exposure to increased levels of ozone degrades pheromones of Drosophila melanogaster, D. simulans, D. mauritiana, as well as D. sechellia, and induces hybridization between some of these species. As many of the resulting hybrids are sterile, this could result in local population declines. However, hybridization between D. simulans and D. mauritiana as well as D. simulans and D. sechellia results in fertile hybrids, of which some female hybrids are even more attractive to the males of the parental species. Our experimental findings indicate that ozone pollution could potentially induce breakdown of species boundaries in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Ji Jiang
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
- Next Generation Insect Chemical Ecology, Max Planck Centre, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Xinqi Dong
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Veit
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Bill S Hansson
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
- Next Generation Insect Chemical Ecology, Max Planck Centre, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Knaden
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany.
- Next Generation Insect Chemical Ecology, Max Planck Centre, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany.
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16
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Reeves LA, Garratt MPD, Fountain MT, Senapathi D. A whole ecosystem approach to pear psyllid ( Cacopsylla pyri) management in a changing climate. JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE 2024; 97:1203-1226. [PMID: 39188924 PMCID: PMC11344733 DOI: 10.1007/s10340-024-01772-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Whole ecosystem-based approaches are becoming increasingly common in pest management within agricultural systems. These strategies consider all trophic levels and abiotic processes within an ecosystem, including interactions between different factors. This review outlines a whole ecosystem approach to the integrated pest management of pear psyllid (Cacopsylla pyri Linnaeus) within pear (Pyrus communis L.) orchards, focusing on potential disruptions as a result of climate change. Pear psyllid is estimated to cost the UK pear industry £5 million per annum and has a significant economic impact on pear production globally. Pesticide resistance is well documented in psyllids, leading to many growers to rely on biological control using natural enemies during the summer months. In addition, multiple insecticides commonly used in pear psyllid control have been withdrawn from the UK and Europe, emphasising the need for alternative control methods. There is growing concern that climate change could alter trophic interactions and phenological events within agroecosystems. For example, warmer temperatures could lead to earlier pear flowering and pest emergence, as well as faster insect development rates and altered activity levels. If climate change impacts pear psyllid differently to natural enemies, then trophic mismatches could occur, impacting pest populations. This review aims to evaluate current strategies used in C. pyri management, discuss trophic interactions within this agroecosystem and highlight potential changes in the top-down and bottom-up control of C. pyri as a result of climate change. This review provides a recommended approach to pear psyllid management, identifies evidence gaps and outlines areas of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. Reeves
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6AR UK
| | - Michael P. D. Garratt
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6AR UK
| | | | - Deepa Senapathi
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6AR UK
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17
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Mishra M, Chen PH, Lin GY, Nguyen TTN, Le TC, Dejchanchaiwong R, Tekasakul P, Shih SH, Jhang CW, Tsai CJ. Photochemical oxidation of VOCs and their source impact assessment on ozone under de-weather conditions in Western Taiwan. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123662. [PMID: 38417604 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The application of statistical models has excellent potential to provide crucial information for mitigating the challenging issue of ozone (O3) pollution by capturing its associations with explanatory variables, including reactive precursors (VOCs and NOX) and meteorology. Considering the large contribution of O3 in degrading the air quality of western Taiwan, three-year (2019-2021) hourly concentration data of VOC, NOX and O3 from 4 monitoring stations of western Taiwan: Tucheng (TC), Zhongming (ZM), Taixi (TX) and Xiaogang (XG), was evaluated to identify the effect of anthropogenic emissions on O3 formation. Owing to the high-ambient reactivity of VOCs on the underestimation of sources, photochemical oxidation was assessed to calculate the consumed VOC (VOCcons) which was followed by the source identification of their initial concentrations. VOCcons was observed to be highest in the summer season (16.7 and 22.7 ppbC) at north (TC and ZM) and in the autumn season (17.8 and 11.4 ppbC) in southward-located stations (TX and XG, respectively). Results showed that VOCs from solvents (25-27%) were the major source at northward stations whereas VOCs-industrial emissions (30%) dominated in south. Furthermore, machine learning (ML): eXtreme Gradient Boost (XGBoost) model based de-weather analysis identified that meteorological factors favor to reduce ambient O3 levels at TC, ZM and XG stations (-67%, -47% and -21%, respectively) but they have a major role in accumulating the O3 (+38%) at the TX station which is primarily transported from the upwind region of south-central Taiwan. Crucial insights using ML outputs showed that the finding of the study can be utilized for region-specific data-driven control of emission from VOCs-sources and prioritized to limit the O3-pollution at the study location-ns as well as their accumulation in distant regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Mishra
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Hsin Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Lin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407302, Taiwan
| | - Thi-Thuy-Nghiem Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Thi-Cuc Le
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Racha Dejchanchaiwong
- Air Pollution and Health Effect Research Center, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90100, Thailand
| | - Perapong Tekasakul
- Air Pollution and Health Effect Research Center, and Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90100, Thailand
| | - Shih-Heng Shih
- Wisdom Environmental Technical Service and Consultant Company, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | | | - Chuen-Jinn Tsai
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
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18
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Shang B, Agathokleous E, Calatayud V, Peng J, Xu Y, Li S, Liu S, Feng Z. Drought mitigates the adverse effects of O 3 on plant photosynthesis rather than growth: A global meta-analysis considering plant functional types. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1269-1284. [PMID: 38185874 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3 ) is a phytotoxic air pollutant adversely affecting plant growth. High O3 exposures are often concurrent with summer drought. The effects of both stresses on plants are complex, and their interactions are not yet well understood. Here, we investigate whether drought can mitigate the negative effects of O3 on plant physiology and growth based on a meta-analysis. We found that drought mitigated the negative effects of O3 on plant photosynthesis, but the modification of the O3 effect on the whole-plant biomass by drought was not significant. This is explained by a compensatory response of water-deficient plants that leads to increased metabolic costs. Relative to water control condition, reduced water treatment decreased the effects of O3 on photosynthetic traits, and leaf and root biomass in deciduous broadleaf species, while all traits in evergreen coniferous species showed no significant response. This suggested that the mitigating effects of drought on the negative impacts of O3 on the deciduous broadleaf species were more extensive than on the evergreen coniferous ones. Therefore, to avoid over- or underestimations when assessing the impact of O3 on vegetation growth, soil moisture should be considered. These results contribute to a better understanding of terrestrial ecosystem responses under global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shang
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Vicent Calatayud
- Fundación CEAM, c/Charles R. Darwin 14, Parque Tecnológico, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jinlong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yansen Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuangjiang Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Zhejiang Carbon Neutral Innovation Institute, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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19
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Pei J, Liu P, Feng Z, Chang M, Wang J, Fang H, Wang L, Huang B. Long-term trajectory of ozone impact on maize and soybean yields in the United States: A 40-year spatial-temporal analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123407. [PMID: 38244900 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the long-term change trends of ozone-induced yield losses is crucial for formulating strategies to alleviate ozone damaging effects, aiming towards achieving the Zero Hunger Sustainable Development Goal. Despite a wealth of experimental research indicating that ozone's influence on agricultural production exhibits marked fluctuations and differs significantly across various geographical locations, previous studies using global statistical models often failed to capture this spatial-temporal variability, leading to uncertainties in ozone impact estimation. To address this issue, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of the spatial-temporal variability of ozone impacts on maize and soybean yields in the United States (1981-2021) using a geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model. Our results revealed that over the past four decades, ozone pollution has led to average yield losses of -3.5% for maize and -6.1% for soybean, translating into an annual economic loss of approximately $2.6 billion. Interestingly, despite an overall downward trend in ozone impacts on crop yields following the implementation of stringent ozone emission control measures in 1997, our study identified distinct peaks of abnormally high yield reduction rates in drought years. Significant spatial heterogeneity was detected in ozone impacts across the study area, with ozone damage hotspots located in the Southeast Region and the Mississippi River Basin for maize and soybean, respectively. Furthermore, we discovered that hydrothermal factors modulate crop responses to ozone, with maize showing an inverted U-shaped yield loss trend with temperature increases, while soybean demonstrated an upward trend. Both crops experienced amplified ozone-induced yield losses with rising precipitation. Overall, our study highlights the necessity of incorporating spatiotemporal variability into assessments of crop yield losses attributable to ozone pollution. The insights garnered from our findings can contribute to the formulation of region-specific pollutant emission policies, based on the distinct profiles of ozone-induced agricultural damage across different regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Pei
- School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Resources Monitoring in Tropical and Subtropical Area of South China, Ministry of Natural Resources, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Pengyu Liu
- School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Ming Chang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Huajun Fang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; The Zhongke-Ji'an Institute for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Ji'an, 343000, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
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20
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Zhang K, Zentella R, Burkey KO, Liao HL, Tisdale RH. Long-term tropospheric ozone pollution disrupts plant-microbe-soil interactions in the agroecosystem. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17215. [PMID: 38429894 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3 ) threatens agroecosystems, yet its long-term effects on intricate plant-microbe-soil interactions remain overlooked. This study employed two soybean genotypes of contrasting O3 -sensitivity grown in field plots exposed elevated O3 (eO3 ) and evaluated cause-effect relationships with their associated soil microbiomes and soil quality. Results revealed long-term eO3 effects on belowground soil microbiomes and soil health surpass damage visible on plants. Elevated O3 significantly disrupted belowground bacteria-fungi interactions, reduced fungal diversity, and altered fungal community assembly by impacting soybean physiological properties. Particularly, eO3 impacts on plant performance were significantly associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, undermining their contribution to plants, whereas eO3 increased fungal saprotroph proliferation, accelerating soil organic matter decomposition and soil carbon pool depletion. Free-living diazotrophs exhibited remarkable acclimation under eO3 , improving plant performance by enhancing nitrogen fixation. However, overarching detrimental consequences of eO3 negated this benefit. Overall, this study demonstrated long-term eO3 profoundly governed negative impacts on plant-soil-microbiota interactions, pointing to a potential crisis for agroecosystems. These findings highlight urgent needs to develop adaptive strategies to navigate future eO3 scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaile Zhang
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, Florida, USA
- Department of Soil, Water, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Rodolfo Zentella
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kent O Burkey
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hui-Ling Liao
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, Florida, USA
- Department of Soil, Water, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ripley H Tisdale
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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21
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Li B, Ni J, Liu J, Zhao Y, Liu L, Jin J, He C. Spatiotemporal patterns of surface ozone exposure inequality in China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:265. [PMID: 38351419 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12426-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Rising surface ozone (O3) levels in China are increasingly emphasizing the potential threats to public health, ecological balance, and economic sustainability. Using a 1 km × 1 km dataset of O3 concentrations, this research employs subpopulation demographic data combined with a population-weighted quality model. Its aim is to evaluate quantitatively the differences in O3 exposure among various subpopulations within China, both at a provincial and urban cluster level. Additionally, an exposure disparity indicator was devised to establish unambiguous exposure risks among significant urban agglomerations at varying O3 concentration levels. The findings reveal that as of 2018, the population-weighted average concentration of O3 for all subgroups has experienced a significant uptick, surpassing the average O3 concentration (118 μg/m3). Notably, the middle-aged demographic exhibited the highest O3 exposure level at 135.7 μg/m3, which is significantly elevated compared to other age brackets. Concurrently, there exists a prominent positive correlation between educational attainment and O3 exposure levels, with the medium-income bracket showing the greatest susceptibility to O3 exposure risks. From an industrial vantage point, the secondary sector demographic is the most adversely impacted by O3 exposure. In terms of urban-rural structure, urban groups in all regions had higher levels of exposure to O3 than rural areas, with North and East China having the most significant levels of exposure. These findings not only emphasize the intricate interplay between public health and environmental justice but further highlight the indispensability of segmented subgroup strategies in environmental health risk assessment. Moreover, this research furnishes invaluable scientific groundwork for crafting targeted public health interventions and sustainable air quality management policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
| | - Jinmian Ni
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
| | - Jiming Jin
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
| | - Chao He
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China.
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22
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Oddi L, Volpe V, Carotenuto G, Politi M, Barni E, Crosino A, Siniscalco C, Genre A. Boosting species evenness, productivity and weed control in a mixed meadow by promoting arbuscular mycorrhizas. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1303750. [PMID: 38390295 PMCID: PMC10883063 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1303750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Lowland meadows represent aboveground and belowground biodiversity reservoirs in intensive agricultural areas, improving water retention and filtration, ensuring forage production, contrasting erosion and contributing to soil fertility and carbon sequestration. Besides such major ecosystem services, the presence of functionally different plant species improves forage quality, nutritional value and productivity, also limiting the establishment of weeds and alien species. Here, we tested the effectiveness of a commercial seed mixture in restoring a lowland mixed meadow in the presence or absence of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and biostimulation of symbiosis development with the addition of short chain chito-oligosaccharides (CO). Plant community composition, phenology and productivity were regularly monitored alongside AM colonization in control, inoculated and CO-treated inoculated plots. Our analyses revealed that the CO treatment accelerated symbiosis development significantly increasing root colonization by AM fungi. Moreover, the combination of AM fungal inoculation and CO treatment improved plant species evenness and productivity with more balanced composition in forage species. Altogether, our study presented a successful and scalable strategy for the reintroduction of mixed meadows as valuable sources of forage biomass; demonstrated the positive impact of CO treatment on AM development in an agronomic context, extending previous observations developed under controlled laboratory conditions and leading the way to the application in sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Oddi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Veronica Volpe
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gennaro Carotenuto
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mara Politi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Barni
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Crosino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Consolata Siniscalco
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Genre
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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23
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Parks M, Lee JS, Camua K, Hollender E. Turtle species and ecology drive carapace microbiome diversity in three seasonally interconnected wetland habitats. Access Microbiol 2024; 6:000682.v3. [PMID: 38361649 PMCID: PMC10866032 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000682.v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Different species of freshwater turtles exhibit primary behaviours ranging from aerial basking to benthic bottom-walking, cycle between wet and dry conditions at different time intervals, and undertake short-distance overland movements between aquatic habitats. These behaviours in turn may impact the accumulation of microbes on external shell surfaces of turtles and provide novel niches for differentiation of microbial communities. We assessed microbial diversity using 16S and 18S rRNA metabarcoding on carapace surfaces of six species of freshwater turtles residing in three adjacent and seasonally interconnected wetland habitats in southeast Oklahoma (United States). Communities were highly diverse, with nearly 4200 prokaryotic and 500 micro-eukaryotic amplicon sequence variants recovered, and included taxa previously reported as common or differentially abundant on turtle shells. The 16S rRNA alpha diversity tended to be highest for two species of benthic turtles, while 18S rRNA alpha diversity was highest for two basking and one shallow-water benthic species. Beta diversity of communities was more strongly differentiated by turtle species than by collection site, and ordination patterns were largely reflective of turtle species' primary habits (i.e. benthic, basking, or benthic-basking). Our data support that freshwater turtles could play a role in microbial ecology and evolution in freshwater habitats and warrant additional exploration including in areas with high native turtle diversity and inter-habitat turtle movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Parks
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, 100 N University Drive, Edmond, Oklahoma 73034, USA
| | - Jun Sheng Lee
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, 100 N University Drive, Edmond, Oklahoma 73034, USA
- DNA Reference Lab, 5282 Medical Dr. Suite 312, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
| | - Kassandra Camua
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, 100 N University Drive, Edmond, Oklahoma 73034, USA
| | - Ethan Hollender
- Department of Biological Sciences, 601 Science Engineering Hall, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
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24
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Hu F, Xie P, Tian X, Xu J, Li A, Lupaşcu A, Butler T, Hu Z, Lv Y, Zhang Z, Zheng J. Integrated analysis of the transport process and source attribution of an extreme ozone pollution event in Hefei at different vertical heights: A case of study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167237. [PMID: 37739071 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region frequently experiences ozone pollution events during the summer and autumn seasons. High-concentration events are typically related to synoptic weather patterns, which impact the transport and photochemical production of ozone at multiple scales, ranging from the local to regional scale. To better understand the regional ozone pollution problem, studies on ozone source attribution are needed, especially regarding the contributions of sources at different vertical heights based on tagging the region or time periods. Between September 3 and 8, 2020, an episode of ozone concentration anomaly high was observed in Hefei through ground-based stations and ozone Lidar. The mechanism behind this event was uncovered through synoptic weather pattern analysis and using the Weather Research and Forecasting Chemistry model (WRF-Chem). Because an approaching typhoon caused variable wind direction, the O3-rich air masses (ORMs) arising from the YRD region were transported to Hefei via the nocturnal residual layer and descended to the ground through horizontal advection and vertical mixing processes the next day. Based on geographic source tagging, the anthropogenic NOx emissions (ANEs) from local and regional sources were the main contributors to the heavy ozone pollution over Hefei on September 6. Furthermore, the intra-regional transported ozone from southern Jiangsu (SJS), southern Anhui (SAH), and Zhejiang (ZJ) in the YRD was the main driving factor of the surface and upper atmosphere ozone pollution. Based on time period tagging, The ozone generated due to ANEs from September 3 to 5 significantly contributed to this episode. It is important to pay attention to the impact of ANEs on September 5 on the surface peak ozone concentration the following day (i.e., September 6). Our findings provide significant insights into the regional ozone transport mechanism in the YRD and optimization of measures to prevent and control heavy ozone pollution on spatiotemporal scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Pinhua Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Xin Tian
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Jin Xu
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Ang Li
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Aurelia Lupaşcu
- Research Institute for Sustainability - Helmholtz Centre Potsdam (RIFS Potsdam), Potsdam 14467, Germany; now at European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tim Butler
- Research Institute for Sustainability - Helmholtz Centre Potsdam (RIFS Potsdam), Potsdam 14467, Germany; Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Meteorologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zhaokun Hu
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - YinSheng Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - ZhiDong Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jiangyi Zheng
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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25
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Han M, Yang H, Huang H, Du J, Zhang S, Fu Y. Allelopathy and allelobiosis: efficient and economical alternatives in agroecosystems. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024; 26:11-27. [PMID: 37751515 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Chemical interactions in plants often involve plant allelopathy and allelobiosis. Allelopathy is an ecological phenomenon leading to interference among organisms, while allelobiosis is the transmission of information among organisms. Crop failures and low yields caused by inappropriate management can be related to both allelopathy and allelobiosis. Therefore, research on these two phenomena and the role of chemical substances in both processes will help us to understand and upgrade agroecosystems. In this review, substances involved in allelopathy and allelobiosis in plants are summarized. The influence of environmental factors on the generation and spread of these substances is discussed, and relationships between allelopathy and allelobiosis in interspecific, intraspecific, plant-micro-organism, plant-insect, and mechanisms, are summarized. Furthermore, recent results on allelopathy and allelobiosis in agroecosystem are summarized and will provide a reference for the future application of allelopathy and allelobiosis in agroecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Han
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - H Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - H Huang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - J Du
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - S Zhang
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing, China
- Ecological Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetlands, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shuangyashan, China
| | - Y Fu
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing, China
- Ecological Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetlands, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shuangyashan, China
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26
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de Freitas Pereira M, Cohen D, Auer L, Aubry N, Bogeat-Triboulot MB, Buré C, Engle NL, Jolivet Y, Kohler A, Novák O, Pavlović I, Priault P, Tschaplinski TJ, Hummel I, Vaultier MN, Veneault-Fourrey C. Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis prepares its host locally and systemically for abiotic cue signaling. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:1784-1803. [PMID: 37715981 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Tree growth and survival are dependent on their ability to perceive signals, integrate them, and trigger timely and fitted molecular and growth responses. While ectomycorrhizal symbiosis is a predominant tree-microbe interaction in forest ecosystems, little is known about how and to what extent it helps trees cope with environmental changes. We hypothesized that the presence of Laccaria bicolor influences abiotic cue perception by Populus trichocarpa and the ensuing signaling cascade. We submitted ectomycorrhizal or non-ectomycorrhizal P. trichocarpa cuttings to short-term cessation of watering or ozone fumigation to focus on signaling networks before the onset of any physiological damage. Poplar gene expression, metabolite levels, and hormone levels were measured in several organs (roots, leaves, mycorrhizas) and integrated into networks. We discriminated the signal responses modified or maintained by ectomycorrhization. Ectomycorrhizas buffered hormonal changes in response to short-term environmental variations systemically prepared the root system for further fungal colonization and alleviated part of the root abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. The presence of ectomycorrhizas in the roots also modified the leaf multi-omics landscape and ozone responses, most likely through rewiring of the molecular drivers of photosynthesis and the calcium signaling pathway. In conclusion, P. trichocarpa-L. bicolor symbiosis results in a systemic remodeling of the host's signaling networks in response to abiotic changes. In addition, ectomycorrhizal, hormonal, metabolic, and transcriptomic blueprints are maintained in response to abiotic cues, suggesting that ectomycorrhizas are less responsive than non-mycorrhizal roots to abiotic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Cohen
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Lucas Auer
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Nathalie Aubry
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | | | - Cyril Buré
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Nancy L Engle
- Plant Systems Biology Group, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Yves Jolivet
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Annegret Kohler
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science of Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Pavlović
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science of Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pierrick Priault
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Timothy J Tschaplinski
- Plant Systems Biology Group, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Irène Hummel
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | | | - Claire Veneault-Fourrey
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, F-54000, Nancy, France
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Dai W, Zhang B, Ji J, Liu B, Xie R, Gan Y, Xie X, Zhang J, Huang P, Huang H. Exceptional Ozone Decomposition over δ-MnO 2/AC under an Entire Humidity Environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:17727-17736. [PMID: 36862670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) pollution is highly detrimental to human health and the ecosystem due to it being ubiquitous in ambient air and industrial processes. Catalytic decomposition is the most efficient technology for O3 elimination, while the moisture-induced low stability represents the major challenge for its practical applications. Here, activated carbon (AC) supported δ-MnO2 (Mn/AC-A) was facilely synthesized via mild redox in an oxidizing atmosphere to obtain exceptional O3 decomposition capacity. The optimal 5Mn/AC-A achieved nearly 100% of O3 decomposition at a high space velocity (1200 L g-1 h-1) and remained extremely stable under entire humidity conditions. The functionalized AC provided well-designed protection sites to inhibit the accumulation of water on δ-MnO2. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that the abundant oxygen vacancies and a low desorption energy of intermediate peroxide (O22-) can significantly boost O3 decomposition activity. Moreover, a kilo-scale 5Mn/AC-A with low cost (∼1.5 $/kg) was used for the O3 decomposition in practical applications, which could quickly decompose O3 pollution to a safety level below 100 μg m-3. This work offers a simple strategy for the development of moisture-resistant and inexpensive catalysts and greatly promotes the practical application of ambient O3 elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Boge Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jian Ji
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510665, China
| | - Biyuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ruijie Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yanling Gan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiaowen Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiarui Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Pingli Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Haibao Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Venkateswaran V, Alali I, Unni AP, Weißflog J, Halitschke R, Hansson BS, Knaden M. Carbonyl products of ozone oxidation of volatile organic compounds can modulate olfactory choice behavior in insects. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122542. [PMID: 37717892 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Insects are a diverse group of organisms that provide important ecosystem services like pollination, pest control, and decomposition and rely on olfaction to perform these services. In the Anthropocene, increasing concentrations of oxidant pollutants such as ozone have been shown to corrupt odor-driven behavior in insects by chemically degrading e.g. flower signals or insect pheromones. The degradation, however, does not only result in a loss of signals, but also in a potential enrichment of oxidation products, predominantly small carbonyls. Whether and how these oxidation products affect insect olfactory perception remains unclear. We examined the effects of ozone-generated small carbonyls on the olfactory behavior of the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster. We compiled a broad collection of neurophysiologically relevant odorants for the fly from databases and literature and predicted the formation of the types of stable small carbonyl products resulting from the odorant's oxidation by ozone. Based on these predictions, we evaluated the olfactory detection and behavioral impact of the ten most frequently predicted carbonyl products in the fly using single sensillum recordings (SSRs) and behavioral tests. Our results demonstrate that the fly's olfactory system can detect the oxidation products, which then elicit either attractive or neutral behavioral responses, rather than repulsion. However, certain products alter behavioral choices to an attractive odor source of balsamic vinegar. Our findings suggest that the enrichment of small carbonyl oxidation products due to increased ozone levels can affect olfactory guided insect behavior. Our study underscores the implications for odor-guided foraging in insects and the essential ecosystem services they offer under carbonyl enriched environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Venkateswaran
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany; Next Generation Insect Chemical Ecology,Max Planck Centre, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Alali
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Anjana P Unni
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Jerrit Weißflog
- Mass Spectrometry and Metabolomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Rayko Halitschke
- Mass Spectrometry and Metabolomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Bill S Hansson
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany; Next Generation Insect Chemical Ecology,Max Planck Centre, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Knaden
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany; Next Generation Insect Chemical Ecology,Max Planck Centre, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany.
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Ramya A, Dhevagi P, Poornima R, Avudainayagam S, Watanabe M, Agathokleous E. Effect of ozone stress on crop productivity: A threat to food security. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116816. [PMID: 37543123 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3), the most important phytotoxic air pollutant, can deteriorate crop quality and productivity. Notably, satellite and ground-level observations-based multimodel simulations demonstrate that the present and future predicted O3 exposures could threaten food security. Hence, the present study aims at reviewing the phytotoxicity caused by O3 pollution, which threatens the food security. The present review encompasses three major aspects; wherein the past and prevailing O3 concentrations in various regions were compiled at first, followed by discussing the physiological, biochemical and yield responses of economically important crop species, and considering the potential of O3 protectants to alleviate O3-induced phytotoxicity. Finally, the empirical data reported in the literature were quantitatively analysed to show that O3 causes detrimental effect on physiological traits, photosynthetic pigments, growth and yield attributes. The review on prevailing O3 concentrations over various regions, where economically important crop are grown, and their negative impact would support policy makers to implement air pollution regulations and the scientific community to develop countermeasures against O3 phytotoxicity for maintaining food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambikapathi Ramya
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India
| | - Periyasamy Dhevagi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India.
| | - Ramesh Poornima
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India
| | - S Avudainayagam
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Department of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
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Kittipornkul P, Thiravetyan P, Hoshika Y, Sorrentino B, Popa I, Leca S, Sicard P, Paoletti E, De Marco A. Surface ozone risk to human health and vegetation in tropical region: The case of Thailand. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116566. [PMID: 37423361 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3) is a threat to vegetation and human health over the world, in particular in Asia. Knowledge on O3 impacts on tropical ecosystems is still very limited. An O3 risk assessment to crops, forests, and people from 25 monitoring stations across the tropical and subtropical Thailand during 2005-2018 showed that 44% of sites exceeded the critical levels (CLs) of SOMO35 (i.e., the annual Sum Of daily maximum 8-h Means Over 35 ppb) for human health protection. The concentration-based AOT40 CL (i.e., sum of the hourly exceedances above 40 ppb for daylight hours during the assumed growing season) was exceeded at 52% and 48% of the sites where the main crops rice and maize are present, respectively, and at 88% and 12% of the sites where evergreen or deciduous forests are present, respectively. The flux-based metric PODY (i.e., Phytotoxic Ozone Dose above a threshold Y of uptake) was calculated and was found to exceed the CLs at 1.0%, 1.5%, 20.0%, 1.5%, 0% and 68.0% of the sites where early rice, late rice, early maize, late maize, evergreen forests, and deciduous forests can grow, respectively. Trend analysis indicated that AOT40 increased over the study period (+5.9% year-1), while POD1 decreased (- 5.3% year-1), suggesting that the role of climate change in affecting the environmental factors that control stomatal uptake cannot be neglected. These results contribute novel knowledge on O3 threat to human health, forest productivity, and food security in tropical and subtropical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyatida Kittipornkul
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (Bangkuntien), 49 Soi Tientalay 25, Bangkuntien, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Paitip Thiravetyan
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Yasutomo Hoshika
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Ionel Popa
- INCDS, 128 Eroilor Bvd., Voluntari, 077030, Romania
| | - S Leca
- INCDS, 128 Eroilor Bvd., Voluntari, 077030, Romania
| | - Pierre Sicard
- ARGANS, 260 Route du Pin Montard, 06410, Biot, France
| | - Elena Paoletti
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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31
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Qu Q, Wang Z, Gan Q, Liu R, Xu H. Impact of drought on soil microbial biomass and extracellular enzyme activity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1221288. [PMID: 37692424 PMCID: PMC10491016 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1221288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Introduction With the continuous changes in climate patterns due to global warming, drought has become an important limiting factor in the development of terrestrial ecosystems. However, a comprehensive understanding of the impact of drought on soil microbial activity at a global scale is lacking. Methods In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of drought on soil microbial biomass (carbon [MBC], nitrogen [MBN], and phosphorus [MBP]) and enzyme activity (β-1, 4-glucosidase [BG]; β-D-cellobiosidase [CBH]; β-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase [NAG]; L-leucine aminopeptidase [LAP]; and acid phosphatase [AP]). Additionally, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine the degree to which these effects are regulated by vegetation type, drought intensity, drought duration, and mean annual temperature (MAT). Result and discussion Our results showed that drought significantly decreased the MBC, MBN, and MBP and the activity levels of BG and AP by 22.7%, 21.2%, 21.6%, 26.8%, and 16.1%, respectively. In terms of vegetation type, drought mainly affected the MBC and MBN in croplands and grasslands. Furthermore, the response ratio of BG, CBH, NAG, and LAP were negatively correlated with drought intensity, whereas MBN and MBP and the activity levels of BG and CBH were negatively correlated with drought duration. Additionally, the response ratio of BG and NAG were negatively correlated with MAT. In conclusion, drought significantly reduced soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity on a global scale. Our results highlight the strong impact of drought on soil microbial biomass and carbon- and phosphorus-acquiring enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Qu
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwestern China, Key Laboratory of Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems in Northwestern China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwestern China, Key Laboratory of Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems in Northwestern China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Quan Gan
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rentao Liu
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwestern China, Key Laboratory of Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems in Northwestern China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Singh AA, Ghosh A, Agrawal M, Agrawal SB. Secondary metabolites responses of plants exposed to ozone: an update. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:88281-88312. [PMID: 37440135 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28634-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3) is a secondary pollutant that causes oxidative stress in plants due to the generation of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). Phenylpropanoid metabolism is induced as a usual response to stress in plants, and induction of key enzyme activities and accumulation of secondary metabolites occur, upon O3 exposure to provide resistance or tolerance. The phenylpropanoid, isoprenoid, and alkaloid pathways are the major secondary metabolic pathways from which plant defense metabolites emerge. Chronic exposure to O3 significantly accelerates the direction of carbon flows toward secondary metabolic pathways, resulting in a resource shift in favor of the synthesis of secondary products. Furthermore, since different cellular compartments have different levels of ROS sensitivity and metabolite sets, intracellular compartmentation of secondary antioxidative metabolites may play a role in O3-induced ROS detoxification. Plants' responses to resource partitioning often result in a trade-off between growth and defense under O3 stress. These metabolic adjustments help the plants to cope with the stress as well as for achieving new homeostasis. In this review, we discuss secondary metabolic pathways in response to O3 in plant species including crops, trees, and medicinal plants; and how the presence of this stressor affects their role as ROS scavengers and structural defense. Furthermore, we discussed how O3 affects key physiological traits in plants, foliar chemistry, and volatile emission, which affects plant-plant competition (allelopathy), and plant-insect interactions, along with an emphasis on soil dynamics, which affect the composition of soil communities via changing root exudation, litter decomposition, and other related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Abha Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, -226007, Lucknow, India
| | - Annesha Ghosh
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Madhoolika Agrawal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan Agrawal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Ghiotto TC, Barbosa MC, Guerreiro JC, Prado EP, Masson MV, Tavares WS, Wilcken CF, Zanuncio JC, Ferreira-Filho PJ. Ecological importance of lepidopteran defoliators on eucalyptus plantations based in faunistic and natural enemy analyses. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e268747. [PMID: 37466509 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.268747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Areas planted with Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake variety platyphylla F. Muell. (Myrtaceae) expand annually in most regions of Brazil. Many lepidopteran species defoliate this plant, but with damage varying per species. The objective of this study was to identify the pest status of lepidopteran defoliators based in the faunistic analysis of these insects and of their natural enemies on E. urophylla variety platyphylla plantations in a representative producing region of Brazil. Adult moths of lepidopterans and of their natural enemies were captured using a light trap, installed every two weeks, from September 2016 to August 2018. A total of 183, 10, three and 139 lepidopteran species was captured and classified as primary, secondary, without defined importance to eucalypt plants and non-identified with 1,419, seven, 465 and 876 individuals, respectively. Two primary pest species were constants, two accessories and six accidentals and all secondary ones were accidentals. Six primary pest species were common and dominant and four non-dominants. Faunistic indices indicated the main lepidopteran species that should be monitored in pest management programs. Seven hymenopteran species (65 individuals), three dipterans (49 individuals) and two hemipterans (four individuals) were the natural enemies collected using light traps. The monitoring of lepidopteran pests with light traps can contribute to the management and to reduce damage and control costs for these species, besides identifying natural enemies for biological control programs in Eucalyptus plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Ghiotto
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, Programa de Pós-graduação em Planejamento e Uso de Recursos Renováveis, Sorocaba, SP, Brasil
| | - M C Barbosa
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Sorocaba, SP, Brasil
| | - J C Guerreiro
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Agronomia, Umuarama, PR, Brasil
| | - E P Prado
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"- UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, Dracena, SP, Brasil
| | | | - W S Tavares
- Asia Pacific Resources International Holdings Ltd. - APRIL, PT. Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper - RAPP, Pangkalan Kerinci, Riau, Sumatra, Indonesia
| | - C F Wilcken
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"- UNESP, Departamento de Proteção Vegetal, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - J C Zanuncio
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária - BIOAGRO, Departamento de Entomologia, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - P J Ferreira-Filho
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, Programa de Pós-graduação em Planejamento e Uso de Recursos Renováveis, Sorocaba, SP, Brasil
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Li Q, Meidan D, Hess P, Añel JA, Cuevas CA, Doney S, Fernandez RP, van Herpen M, Höglund-Isaksson L, Johnson MS, Kinnison DE, Lamarque JF, Röckmann T, Mahowald NM, Saiz-Lopez A. Global environmental implications of atmospheric methane removal through chlorine-mediated chemistry-climate interactions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4045. [PMID: 37422475 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39794-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Atmospheric methane is both a potent greenhouse gas and photochemically active, with approximately equal anthropogenic and natural sources. The addition of chlorine to the atmosphere has been proposed to mitigate global warming through methane reduction by increasing its chemical loss. However, the potential environmental impacts of such climate mitigation remain unexplored. Here, sensitivity studies are conducted to evaluate the possible effects of increasing reactive chlorine emissions on the methane budget, atmospheric composition and radiative forcing. Because of non-linear chemistry, in order to achieve a reduction in methane burden (instead of an increase), the chlorine atom burden needs to be a minimum of three times the estimated present-day burden. If the methane removal target is set to 20%, 45%, or 70% less global methane by 2050 compared to the levels in the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 scenario (RCP8.5), our modeling results suggest that additional chlorine fluxes of 630, 1250, and 1880 Tg Cl/year, respectively, are needed. The results show that increasing chlorine emissions also induces significant changes in other important climate forcers. Remarkably, the tropospheric ozone decrease is large enough that the magnitude of radiative forcing decrease is similar to that of methane. Adding 630, 1250, and 1880 Tg Cl/year to the RCP8.5 scenario, chosen to have the most consistent current-day trends of methane, will decrease the surface temperature by 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 °C by 2050, respectively. The quantity and method in which the chlorine is added, its interactions with climate pathways, and the potential environmental impacts on air quality and ocean acidity, must be carefully considered before any action is taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyi Li
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Blas Cabrera, CSIC, Madrid, 28006, Spain
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Daphne Meidan
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Peter Hess
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Juan A Añel
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Blas Cabrera, CSIC, Madrid, 28006, Spain
- EPhysLab, CIM-Uvigo, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Carlos A Cuevas
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Blas Cabrera, CSIC, Madrid, 28006, Spain
| | - Scott Doney
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Rafael P Fernandez
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Science (ICB), National Research Council (CONICET), FCEN-UNCuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Maarten van Herpen
- Acacia Impact Innovation BV, Acacialaan 9, 5384 BB, Heesch, The Netherlands
| | - Lena Höglund-Isaksson
- Pollution Management group (PM), International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), 2361, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Matthew S Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Douglas E Kinnison
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Jean-François Lamarque
- Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Thomas Röckmann
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584CC, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Natalie M Mahowald
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Blas Cabrera, CSIC, Madrid, 28006, Spain.
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Hůnová I, Brabec M, Malý M. Ambient ozone at a rural Central European site and its vertical concentration gradient close to the ground. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:80014-80028. [PMID: 37291343 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The representativeness of ambient air quality of an in situ measurement is key in the use and correct interpretation of the measured concentration values. Though the horizontal representativeness aspect is generally not neglected in air pollution studies, a detailed, high-resolution vertical distribution of ambient air pollutant concentrations is rarely addressed. The aim of this study is twofold: (i) to explore the vertical distribution of ground-level ozone (O3) concentrations measured at four heights above the ground-namely at 2, 8, 50, and 230 m-and (ii) to examine in detail the vertical O3 concentration gradient in air columns between 2 and 8, 8 and 50, and 50 and 230 m above the ground. We use the daily mean O3 concentrations measured continuously at the Košetice station, representing the rural Central European background ambient air quality observed during 2015-2021. We use the semiparametric GAM (generalised additive model) approach (with complexity or roughness-penalised splines implementation) to analyse the data with sufficient flexibility. Our models for both O3 concentrations and O3 gradients use (additive) decomposition into annual trend and seasonality (plus an overall intercept). The seasonal and year-to-year patterns of the modelled O3 concentrations look very similar at first glance. Nevertheless, a more detailed look through O3 gradients shows that they differ substantially with respect to their seasonal and long-term dynamics. The vertical O3 concentration gradient in 2-230 m is not uniform but changes substantially with increasing height and shows by far the highest dynamics near the ground between 2 and 8 m, differing in both the seasonal and annual aspects for all the air columns inspected. We speculate that non-linear changes of both seasonal and annual components of vertical O3 gradients are due to atmospheric-terrestrial interactions and to meteorological factors, which we will explore in a future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Hůnová
- Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Na Sabatce 17, 143 06, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benatska 2, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Marek Brabec
- Institute of Computer Science of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Vodarenskou vezi 2, 182 07, Prague 8, Czech Republic
- National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 48, 100 00, Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Malý
- Institute of Computer Science of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Vodarenskou vezi 2, 182 07, Prague 8, Czech Republic
- National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 48, 100 00, Prague 10, Czech Republic
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36
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Kaylor SD, Snell Taylor SJ, Herrick JD. Estimates of biomass reductions of ozone sensitive herbaceous plants in California. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:163134. [PMID: 37001658 PMCID: PMC10543089 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to tropospheric ozone pollution impairs photosynthesis and growth in plants and this can have consequences for ecosystems. However, exposure-response research in the United States (U.S.) has historically focused on trees and crops, and less attention has been given to non-crop herbaceous species. We combined U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ozone monitoring data from the entirety of 2016 with published exposure-response relationships from controlled exposure experiments for twenty herbaceous plant species occurring in California. The U.S. Department of Agriculture PLANTS database was used to identify county-level occurrence data of these plant species. A kriged ozone exposure surface for 2016 was generated using data from monitoring stations in California and surrounding states, using Accumulated Ozone exposure over a Threshold of 40 ppb (AOT40) as an exposure metric. County-wide ozone exposure estimations were then combined with published exposure response functions for focal plants, and maps were created to estimate ozone-induced growth losses in the counties where the plants occur. Plant species had estimated annual growth losses from <1 % to >20 % based on exposure levels and sensitivity. Of the 20 species, 17 had predicted biomass loss >5 % in at least one county, emphasizing the vulnerability of herbaceous species at recent ozone concentrations. Butte, Nevada, Plumas, San Luis Obispo, and Shasta Counties, an area of about 31,652 km2, had the highest number of species (6) with >10 % estimated biomass loss, the loss threshold for European critical levels. White clover (Trifolium repens L.) was one of the most affected species with more than an estimated 10 % annual estimated growth loss over 59 % of the state. Overall, these estimated growth losses demonstrate potential for shifts in plant communities and negative effects on ecosystems. This study addresses critical policy needs for risk assessments on herbaceous species in a single year of ozone exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Douglas Kaylor
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Sara J Snell Taylor
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, CB 3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jeffery D Herrick
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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Li P, Wu X, Gao F. Ozone pollution, water deficit stress and time drive poplar phyllospheric bacterial community structure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115148. [PMID: 37331290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Ground-level ozone (O3) pollution often rise in the summer and coincide with drought stress, which alters the relationships between trees and associated microbial communities in a manner that can have pronounced effects on associated biological activity and ecosystem integrity. Discerning the responses of phyllosphere microbial communities to O3 and water deficit could highlight the ability of plant-microbe interactions to either exacerbate or mitigate the effects of these stressors. Accordingly, this study was designed as the first report to specifically interrogate the impacts of elevated O3 and water deficit stress on phyllospheric bacterial community composition and diversity in hybrid poplar saplings. Significant reductions in phyllospheric bacterial alpha diversity indices were observed, with clear evidence of significant time × water deficit stress interactions. The combination of elevated O3 and water deficit stress shifted in the bacterial community composition over sampling time, resulted in significant increases in the relative abundance of the dominant Gammaproteobacteria phyla together with reductions in Betaproteobacteria. An increased prevalence of Gammaproteobacteria may represent a potential diagnostic dysbiosis-related biosignature associated with poplar disease risk. Significant positive correlations were observed between both Betaproteobacteria abundance and diversity indices and key foliar photosynthetic traits and isoprene emissions, whereas these parameters were negatively correlated with Gammaproteobacteria abundance. These findings suggest that the photosynthesis-related properties in plant leaves are closely related to the makeup of the phyllosphere bacterial community. These data provide novel insight into how plant-associated microbes can help maintain plant health and the stability of the local ecosystem in O3-polluted and dried environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Li
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xianjie Wu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Feng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China; KQ GEO Technologies Co., Ltd, Jinghai 4th Road, Daxing District, Beijing 100176, China
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Konno K. Extremely high relative growth rate makes the cabbage white, Pieris rapae, a global pest with highly abundant and migratory nature. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9697. [PMID: 37322167 PMCID: PMC10272114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36735-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The small cabbage white butterfly, Pieris rapae, is an extraordinarily abundant migratory pest of cabbage that causes severe damage worldwide without known reasons. I here show that the average relative growth rate (RGR: the ratio of the daily increase of biomass to total biomass) of herbivore (Gh; an indicator of the growth speed of herbivore) of P. rapae on cabbage during the larval period is larger by far than those of all other insect-plant pairs tested. It exceeds 1.15 (/day),-meaning that the biomass more than doubles each day-compared to 0.1-0.7 for most insect-plant pairs, including that of Pieris melete, a sibling of P. rapae which never becomes a pest of cabbage. My data further showed the RGR in the larval stage (larval Gh), positively correlates with abundance and/or migratoriness of insect herbivores. These results together with my mathematical food web model suggest that the extraordinarily high larval Gh of P. rapae is the primary reason for its ubiquitously severe pest status accompanied with its abundance and migratoriness, and that the RGR of herbivores, Gh, characterizing the plant-herbivore interface at the bottom of the food webs is an important factor affecting whole ecosystems, including animal abundance, fauna size, plant damage levels, competitiveness among herbivorous species, determination of hostplant, invasiveness, and the evolution of animal traits involved in the so-called r/K strategy, such as migratoriness. Knowledge about Gh will be crucial to controlling pests and improving the negative effects of human activity on ecosystems including faunal decline (or defaunation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Konno
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 1-2 Owashi, Tsukuba, 305-8634, Japan.
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Reif J, Gamero A, Flousek J, Hůnová I. Ambient ozone - New threat to birds in mountain ecosystems? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 876:162711. [PMID: 36906038 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mountain ecosystems are inhabited by species with specific characteristics enabling survival at high altitudes, which make them at risk from various pressures. In order to study these pressures, birds represent excellent model organisms due to their high diversity and position at the top of food chains. The pressures upon mountain bird populations include climate change, human disturbance, land abandonment, and air pollution, whose impacts are little understood. Ambient ozone (O3) is one of the most important air pollutants occurring in elevated concentrations in mountain conditions. Although laboratory experiments and indirect course-scale evidence suggest its negative effects on birds, population-level impacts remain unknown. To fill this knowledge gap, we analysed a unique 25-years long time series of annual monitoring of bird populations conducted at fixed sites under constant effort in a Central European mountain range, the Giant Mountains, Czechia. We related annual population growth rates of 51 bird species to O3 concentrations measured during the breeding season and hypothesized (i) an overall negative relationship across all species, and (ii) more negative O3 effects at higher altitudes due to increasing O3 concentration along altitudinal gradient. After controlling for the influence of weather conditions on bird population growth rates, we found an indication of the overall negative effect of O3 concentration, but it was insignificant. However, the effect became stronger and significant when we performed a separate analysis of upland species occupying the alpine zone above treeline. In these species, populations growth rates were lower after the years experiencing higher O3 concentration indicating an adverse impact of O3 on bird breeding. This impact corresponds well to O3 behaviour and mountain bird ecology. Our study thus represents the first step towards mechanistic understanding of O3 impacts on animal populations in nature linking the experimental results with indirect indications at the country-level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Reif
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia.
| | - Anna Gamero
- Czech Society for Ornithology, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiří Flousek
- Krkonoše National Park Administration, Vrchlabí, Czechia
| | - Iva Hůnová
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia; Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Prague, Czechia
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Mishra M, Chen PH, Bisquera W, Lin GY, Le TC, Dejchanchaiwong R, Tekasakul P, Jhang CW, Wu CJ, Tsai CJ. Source-apportionment and spatial distribution analysis of VOCs and their role in ozone formation using machine learning in central-west Taiwan. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023:116329. [PMID: 37276975 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the machine learning based sensitivity analysis coupled with source-apportionment of volatile organic carbons (VOCs) to look into new insights of O3 pollution in Yunlin County located in central-west region of Taiwan. One-year (Jan 1 to Dec 31, 2021) hourly mass concentrations data of 54 VOCs, NOX, and O3 from 10 photochemical assessment monitoring stations (PAMs) in and around the Yunlin County were analyzed. The novelty of the study lies in the utilization of artificial neural network (ANN) to evaluate the contribution of VOCs sources in O3 pollution in the region. Firstly, the station specific source-apportionment of VOCs were carried out using positive matrix factorization (PMF)-resolving six sources viz. AAM: aged air mass, CM: chemical manufacturing, IC: Industrial combustion, PP: petrochemical plants, SU: solvent use and VE: vehicular emissions. AAM, SU, and VE constituted cumulatively more than 65% of the total emission of VOCs across all 10 PAMs. Diurnal and spatial variability of source-segregated VOCs showed large variations across 10 PAMs, suggesting for distinctly different impact of contributing sources, photo-chemical reactivity, and/or dispersion due to land-sea breezes at the monitoring stations. Secondly, to understand the contribution of controllable factors governing the O3 pollution, the output of VOCs source-contributions from PMF model along with mass concentrations of NOX were standardized and first time used as input variables to ANN, a supervised machine learning algorithm. ANN analysis revealed following order of sensitivity in factors governing the O3 pollution: VOCs from IC > AAM > VE ≈ CM ≈ SU > PP ≈ NOX. The results indicated that VOCs associated with IC (VOCs-IC) being the most sensitive factor which need to be regulated more efficiently to quickly mitigate the O3 pollution across the Yunlin County.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Mishra
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan.
| | - Pin-Hsin Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Wilfredo Bisquera
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Lin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407302, Taiwan.
| | - Thi-Cuc Le
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Racha Dejchanchaiwong
- Air Pollution and Health Effect Research Center, And Department of Chemical Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90100, Thailand
| | - Perapong Tekasakul
- Air Pollution and Health Effect Research Center, And Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90100, Thailand
| | | | - Ci-Jhen Wu
- Environmental Protection Bureau, Yunlin County, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Jinn Tsai
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
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Wang M, Li G, Feng Z, Liu Y, Yuan X, Uscola M. A wider spectrum of avoidance and tolerance mechanisms explained ozone sensitivity of two white poplar ploidy levels. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 131:655-666. [PMID: 36694346 PMCID: PMC10147324 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Polyploidization can improve plant mass yield for bioenergy support, yet few studies have investigated ozone (O3) sensitivity linked to internal regulatory mechanisms at different ploidy levels. METHODS Diploid and triploid Populus tomentosa plants were exposed to ambient and ambient plus 60 ppb [O3]. We explored their differences in sensitivity (leaf morphological, physiological and biochemical traits, and plant mass) as well as mechanisms of avoidance (stomatal conductance, xanthophyll cycle, thermal dissipation) and tolerance (ROS scavenging system) in response to O3 at two developmental phases. KEY RESULTS Triploid plants had the highest plant growth under ambient O3, even under O3 fumigation. However, triploid plants were the most sensitive to O3 and under elevated O3 showed the largest decreases in photosynthetic capacity and performance, as well as increased shoot:root ratio, and the highest lipid peroxidation. Thus, plant mass production could be impacted in triploid plants under long-term O3 contamination. Both diploid and triploid plants reduced stomatal aperture in response to O3, thereby reducing O3 entrance, yet only in diploid plants was reduced stomatal aperture associated with minimal (non-significant) damage to photosynthetic pigments and lower lipid peroxidation. CONCLUSIONS Tolerance mechanisms of plants of both ploidy levels mainly focused on the enzymatic reduction of hydrogen peroxide through catalase and peroxidase, yet these homeostatic regulatory mechanisms were higher in diploid plants. Our study recommends triploid white poplar as a bioenergy species only under short-term O3 contamination. Under continuously elevated O3 over the long term, diploid white poplar may perform better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guolei Li
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Research Center of Deciduous Oaks, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Innovation Alliance of Valuable Deciduous Tree Industry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, Institute of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Research Center of Deciduous Oaks, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Innovation Alliance of Valuable Deciduous Tree Industry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiangyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Mercedes Uscola
- Universidad de Alcalá, Forest Ecology and Restoration Group, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, U.D. Ecología, Apdo. 20, E-28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Infantino A, Belocchi A, Quaranta F, Reverberi M, Beccaccioli M, Lombardi D, Vitale M. Effects of climate change on the distribution of Fusarium spp. in Italy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163640. [PMID: 37087011 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This work studies the incidence of Fusarium spp. on wheat kernels about current and future climatic conditions in Italy. Epidemiological analyses were performed from 2007 to 2013 and the resulting dataset was used to find correlations between the disease incidence of five important Fusarium species monitored in Italy (Fusarium graminearum, F. langsethiae, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. avenaceum) and climatic and geographical parameters. Probabilistic-based modelling of the actual distribution of Fusarium spp. was achieved by using the Zero-inflated Poisson regression. The probabilistic geographical distribution of the Fusarium species was assessed by applying future climatic scenarios (RCPs 4.5 and 8.5). The shift from current to future climatic scenarios highlighted changes on a national and regional scale. The tightening of environmental conditions from the RCP4.5 to 8.5 scenarios resulted in a sporadic presence of F. avenaceum only in the northern region of Italy. Fusarium graminearum was plentifully present in the current climate, but the tightening of minimum and maximum temperatures and the decrease of precipitation between May-June in the RCP8.5 no longer represents the optimum conditions for it. Fusarium langsethiae was currently distributed in all of Italy, showing an increase in the probability of detecting it by moving from high to low latitudes and from low to high longitudes in the RCP8.5. Fusarium poae, unlike other Fusarium species, grows and develops in arid climatic conditions. High values of F. poae were recorded at low latitudes and longitudes. Under the RCP scenarios, it showed high incidence probabilities in the southeast and northeast areas of Italy. Fusarium sporotrichioides is scarcely present in Italy, found at high latitudes and in the central areas. Climate change altered this distribution, and the chances of discovering it increased significantly moving to southern Italy. Overall, the study shows that climate change conditions are likely to lead to an increase in the incidence of Fusarium species on wheat kernels in Italy, highlighting the importance of developing strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change on wheat production, quality, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Infantino
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Council for Agricultural Research and Agricultural Economics-CREA, Italy
| | - Andreina Belocchi
- Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, Council for Agricultural Research and Agricultural Economics-CREA, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Quaranta
- Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, Council for Agricultural Research and Agricultural Economics-CREA, Italy
| | - Massimo Reverberi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Danilo Lombardi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Vitale
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
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Oliveira K, Guevara M, Jorba O, Querol X, García-Pando CP. A new NMVOC speciated inventory for a reactivity-based approach to support ozone control strategies in Spain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 867:161449. [PMID: 36623647 PMCID: PMC9938404 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) pollution is a persistent problem in many regions of Spain, so understanding O3 precursor emissions and trends is essential to design effective control strategies. We estimated the impact of Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NMVOC) species upon O3 formation potential (OFP) using the maximum incremental reactivity approach. For this, we developed a speciated NMVOC emission inventory for Spain from 2010 to 2019 combining national reported emissions with state-of-the-art speciation profiles, which resulted in a database of emissions for over 900 individual NMVOC species and 153 individual sectors. Additionally, we analysed 2030 emission projections to quantify the expected impact of planned measures on future OFP levels. Overall, the main activities contributing to OFP in Spain are paint manufacturing and applications (20 %), manure management (16 %), and domestic solvent use (6 %). These activities contribute unevenly across regions. The more urbanised areas report a larger contribution from the solvent sector (64 % in Madrid), while in rural areas, manure management and agricultural waste burning gain importance (24 % in Extremadura), indicating that local control measures should be implemented. The top 10 NMVOC species contributing to OFP are ethanol, ethene, xylenes, propene, toluene, formaldehyde, 1,3-butadiene, styrene, n-butane, and cyclopentane, which together are responsible for 54 % of the total OFP. Our trend analysis indicates a reduction of NMVOC emissions and OFP of -5 % and -10 % between 2010 and 2019, respectively. The larger decrease in OFP is driven by a bigger reduction in xylenes (-29 %) and toluene (-28 %) from paint application industries and the road transport sector. By 2030 a significant increase (+37 %) in the OFP from the public electricity sector is expected due to the planned increase in biomass use for power generation. Our results indicate that policies should focus on paint reformulation, limiting aerosol products, and implementing NMVOC control devices in future biomass power plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Oliveira
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M Guevara
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - O Jorba
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Pérez García-Pando
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona 08010, Spain
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Wang J, Shi X, Lucas-Borja ME, Guo Q, Mao J, Tan Y, Zhang G. Soil nematode abundances drive agroecosystem multifunctionality under short-term elevated CO 2 and O 3. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1618-1627. [PMID: 36458513 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The response of soil biotas to climate change has the potential to regulate multiple ecosystem functions. However, it is still challenging to accurately predict how multiple climate change factors will affect multiple ecosystem functions. Here, we assessed the short-term responses of agroecosystem multifunctionality to a factorial combination of elevated CO2 (+200 ppm) and O3 (+40 ppb) and identified the key soil biotas (i.e., bacteria, fungi, protists, and nematodes) concerning the changes in the multiple ecosystem functions for two rice varieties (Japonica, Nanjing 5055 vs. Wuyujing 3). We provided strong evidence that combined treatment rather than individual treatments of short-term elevated CO2 and O3 significantly increased the agroecosystem multifunctionality index by 32.3% in the Wuyujing 3 variety, but not in the Nanjing 5055 variety. Soil biotas exhibited an important role in regulating multifunctionality under short-term elevated CO2 and O3 , with soil nematode abundances better explaining the changes in ecosystem multifunctionality than soil biota diversity. Furthermore, the higher trophic groups of nematodes, omnivores-predators served as the principal predictor of agroecosystem multifunctionality. These results provide unprecedented new evidence that short-term elevated CO2 and O3 can potentially affect agroecosystem multifunctionality through soil nematode abundances, especially omnivores-predators. Our study demonstrates that high trophic groups were specifically beneficial for regulating multiple ecosystem functions and highlights the importance of soil nematode communities for the maintenance of agroecosystem functions and health under climate change in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiuzhen Shi
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja
- Higher Technical School of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, Castilla-La Mancha University, Albacete, Spain
| | - Qiling Guo
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiaoyan Mao
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunyan Tan
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guoyou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
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Arab L, Hoshika Y, Paoletti E, White PJ, Dannenmann M, Mueller H, Ache P, Hedrich R, Alfarraj S, Albasher G, Rennenberg H. Chronic ozone exposure impairs the mineral nutrition of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) seedlings. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160675. [PMID: 36481139 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chronic ozone (O3) exposure in the atmosphere preferentially disturbs metabolic processes in the roots rather than the shoot as a consequence of reduced photosynthesis and carbohydrate allocation from the leaves to the roots. The aim of the present study was to elucidate if mineral nutrition is also impaired by chronic O3 exposure. For this purpose, date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) plants were fumigated with ambient, 1.5 × ambient and 2 × ambient O3 in a free air controlled exposure (FACE) system for one growing season and concentrations of major nutrients were analyzed in leaves and roots. In addition, concentrations of C and N and their partitioning between different metabolic C and N pools were determined in both organs. The results showed that calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), sodium (Na) and potassium (K) acquisition by roots was diminished by O3 exposure of the shoot. For Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn reduced uptake by the roots was combined with reduced allocation to the shoot, resulting in a decline of foliar concentrations; for Na and K, allocation to the shoot was maintained at the expense of the roots. Thus, elevated O3 impaired both mineral uptake by the roots and partitioning of minerals between roots and shoots, but in an element specific way. Thereby, elevated O3 affected roots and shoots differently already after one growing season. However, considerable changes in total C and N concentrations and their partitioning between different metabolic pools upon chronic O3 exposure were not observed in either leaves or roots, except for reduced foliar lignin concentrations at 2 × ambient O3. Significant differences in these parameters were shown between leaves and roots independent of O3 application. The physiological consequences of the effects of chronic O3 exposure on mineral acquisition and partitioning between leaves and roots are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Arab
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Yasutomo Hoshika
- IRET-CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Elena Paoletti
- IRET-CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Philip J White
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK
| | - Michael Dannenmann
- Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kreuzeckbahnstrasse 19, Garmisch-Partenkirchen 82467, Germany
| | - Heike Mueller
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Ache
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Saleh Alfarraj
- King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Albasher
- King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400715 Chongqing, PR China
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Phylogenetic Conservation of Soil Microbial Responses to Elevated Tropospheric Ozone and Nitrogen Fertilization. mSystems 2023; 8:e0072122. [PMID: 36625584 PMCID: PMC9948724 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00721-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant primary productivity and crop yields have been reduced due to the doubled level of global tropospheric ozone. Little is known about how elevated ozone affects soil microbial communities in the cropland ecosystem and whether such effects are sensitive to the nitrogen (N) supply. Here, we examined the responses of bacterial and fungal communities in maize soils to elevated ozone (+60 ppb ozone) across different levels of N fertilization (+60, +120, and +240 kg N ha-1yr-1). The fungal alpha diversity was decreased (P < 0.05), whereas the bacterial alpha diversity displayed no significant change under elevated ozone. Significant (P < 0.05) effects of N fertilization and elevated ozone on both the bacterial and fungal communities were observed. However, no interactive effects between N fertilization and elevated ozone were observed for bacterial and fungal communities (P > 0.1). The bacterial responses to N fertilization as well as the bacterial and fungal responses to elevated ozone were all phylogenetically conserved, showing universal homogeneous selection (homogeneous environmental conditions leading to more similar community structures). In detail, bacterial Alphaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi, as well as fungal Ascomycota, were increased by elevated ozone, whereas bacterial Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Elusimicrobia, as well as fungal Glomeromycota, were decreased by elevated ozone (P < 0.05). These ozone-responsive phyla were generally correlated (P < 0.05) with plant biomass, plant carbon (C) uptake, and soil dissolved organic C, demonstrating that elevated ozone affects plant-microbe interactions. Our study highlighted that microbial responses to elevated ozone display a phylogenetic clustering pattern, suggesting that response strategies to elevated ozone stress may be phylogenetically conserved ecological traits. IMPORTANCE The interactions of plant and soil microbial communities support plant growth and health. The increasing tropospheric ozone decreases crop biomass and also alters soil microbial communities, but the ways in which crops and their associated soil microbial communities respond to elevated tropospheric ozone are not clear, and it is also obscure whether the interactions between ozone and the commonly applied N fertilization exist. We showed that the microbial responses to both elevated ozone and N fertilization were phylogenetically conserved. However, the microbial communities that responded to N fertilization and elevated ozone were different, and this was further verified by the lack of an interactive effect between N fertilization and elevated ozone. Given that the global tropospheric ozone concentration will continue to increase in the coming decades, the decrease of specific microbial populations caused by elevated ozone would result in the extinction of certain microbial taxa. This ozone-induced effect will further harm crop production, and awareness is urgently needed.
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Prieto-Benítez S, Ruiz-Checa R, González-Fernández I, Elvira S, Rucandio I, Alonso R, Bermejo-Bermejo V. Ozone and Temperature May Hinder Adaptive Capacity of Mediterranean Perennial Grasses to Future Global Change Scenarios. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:664. [PMID: 36771748 PMCID: PMC9920155 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming is recognized as a factor that threatens plant species in Mediterranean mountains. Tropospheric ozone (O3) should also be considered as another relevant stress factor for these ecosystems since current levels chronically exceed thresholds for plant protection in these areas. The main aim of the present study was to study the sensitivity of four Mediterranean perennial grasses to O3 and temperature based on plant growth, gas exchange parameters (photosynthesis-A, stomatal conductance-gs, and water use efficiency-WUE), and foliar macro- (N, K, Ca, Mg, P, and S) and micronutrients (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn) content. The selected species were grasses inhabiting different Mediterranean habitats from mountain-top to semi-arid grasslands. Plants were exposed to four O3 treatments in Open-Top chambers, ranging from preindustrial to above ambient levels, representing predicted future levels. Chamber-less plots were considered to study the effect of temperature increase. Despite the general tolerance of the grasses to O3 and temperature in terms of biomass growth, WUE and foliar nutrient composition were the most affected parameters. The grass species studied showed some degree of similarity in their response to temperature, more related with phylogeny than to their tolerance to drought. In some species, O3 or temperature stress resulted in low A or WUE, which can potentially hinder plant tolerance to climate change. The relationship between O3 and temperature effects on foliar nutrient composition and plant responses in terms of vegetative growth, A, gs, and WUE constitute a complex web of interactions that merits further study. In conclusion, both O3 and temperature might be modifying the adaptation capacity of Mediterranean perennial grass species to the global change. Air pollution should be considered among the driving favors of biodiversity changes in Mediterranean grassland habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Prieto-Benítez
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, Environmental Department CIEMAT, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Ruiz-Checa
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, Environmental Department CIEMAT, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Susana Elvira
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, Environmental Department CIEMAT, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Rucandio
- Spectroscopy, Technology Department CIEMAT, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Alonso
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, Environmental Department CIEMAT, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Sicard P, Agathokleous E, Anenberg SC, De Marco A, Paoletti E, Calatayud V. Trends in urban air pollution over the last two decades: A global perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:160064. [PMID: 36356738 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ground-level ozone (O3), fine particles (PM2.5), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are the most harmful urban air pollutants regarding human health effects. Here, we aimed at assessing trends in concurrent exposure of global urban population to O3, PM2.5, and NO2 between 2000 and 2019. PM2.5, NO2, and O3 mean concentrations and summertime mean of the daily maximum 8-h values (O3 MDA8) were analyzed (Mann-Kendall test) using data from a global reanalysis, covering 13,160 urban areas, and a ground-based monitoring network (Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report), collating surface O3 observations at nearly 10,000 stations worldwide. At global scale, PM2.5 exposures declined slightly from 2000 to 2019 (on average, - 0.2 % year-1), with 65 % of cities showing rising levels. Improvements were observed in the Eastern US, Europe, Southeast China, and Japan, while the Middle East, sub-Saharan Africa, and South Asia experienced increases. The annual NO2 mean concentrations increased globally at 71 % of cities (on average, +0.4 % year-1), with improvements in North America and Europe, and increases in exposures in sub-Saharan Africa, Middle East, and South Asia regions, in line with socioeconomic development. Global exposure of urban population to O3 increased (on average, +0.8 % year-1 at 89 % of stations), due to lower O3 titration by NO. The summertime O3 MDA8 rose at 74 % of cities worldwide (on average, +0.6 % year-1), while a decline was observed in North America, Northern Europe, and Southeast China, due to the reduction in precursor emissions. The highest O3 MDA8 increases (>3 % year-1) occurred in Equatorial Africa, South Korea, and India. To reach air quality standards and mitigate outdoor air pollution effects, actions are urgently needed at all governance levels. More air quality monitors should be installed in cities, particularly in Africa, for improving risk and exposure assessments, concurrently with implementation of effective emission control policies that will consider regional socioeconomic imbalances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susan C Anenberg
- George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, United States
| | | | | | - Vicent Calatayud
- Fundación CEAM, Parque Tecnológico, C/Charles R. Darwin, 14, Paterna, Spain
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49
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Deb Roy S, Bano S, Beig G, Murthy B. Impact assessment of surface ozone exposure on crop yields at three tropical stations over India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:338. [PMID: 36705803 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10889-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Surface ozone is a damaging pollutant for crops and ecosystems, and the ozone-induced crop losses over India remain uncertain and a topic of debate due to a lack of sufficient observations and uncertainties involved in the modeled results. In this study, we have used the observational data from MAPAN (Modelling Air Pollution And Networking) for the first time to estimate the relative yield losses, crop production losses, and economic losses for the two major crops (wheat and rice). The detailed estimation has been done focusing on three individual suburban sites over India (Patiala, Tezpur, and Delhi) and compared with other related studies over the Indian region. We have used the concentration-based metric (M7, 7-h average from 09:00 to 15:59 h) along with the cumulative ozone exposure indices (AOT40, accumulated exposure over a threshold of 40 ppb) and applied the exposure-response (E-R) functions for the calculation of the crop losses. Our study shows that the yearly crop losses can reach the level of 12.4-40.8% and 2.0-11.1% for the wheat and rice crops, respectively, at certain places like Patiala in India. The annual economic loss can be as high as $4.6 million and $0.7 million for wheat and rice crops, respectively, even at individual locations in India. Our estimated %RYL (relative yield loss) lies in the range of 0.3 + /0.6 times the recent regional model estimates which use only the AOT40 metric. Region-specific E-R functions based on factors suitable for the Indian region needs to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sompriti Deb Roy
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Shahana Bano
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gufran Beig
- National Institute of Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bengaluru, 560012, India
| | - Bandarusatya Murthy
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India
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50
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Wang J, Tan Y, Shi X, Leng P, Zhang G. Simplifying network complexity of soil bacterial community exposed to short-term carbon dioxide and ozone enrichment in a paddy soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116656. [PMID: 36375434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Global atmospheric changes are characterized by increases in carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone (O3) concentrations, with important consequences for the soil microbial community. However, the influences of CO2 and O3 enrichment on the biomass, diversity, composition, and functioning of the soil bacterial community remain unclear. We investigated the effects of short-term factorial combinations of CO2 (by 200 ppm) and O3 (by 40 ppb) enrichment on the dynamics of soil bacterial community in paddy soils with two rice varieties (Japonica, Nangeng 5055 (NG5055) vs. Wuyujing 3 (WYJ3)) in an open top chamber facility. When averaged both varieties, CO2 and O3 enrichment showed no individual or combined effect on the abundance or diversity of soil bacterial community. Similarly, CO2 enrichment did not exert any significant effect on the relative abundance of bacterial phyla. However, O3 enrichment significantly reduced the relative abundance of Myxococcota phylum by a mean of 37.5%, which negatively correlated to root N content. Compared to ambient conditions, soil bacterial community composition was separated by CO2 enrichment in NG5055, and by both CO2 and O3 enrichment in WYJ3, with root N content identified as the most influential factor. These results indicated that root N was the top direct predictor for the community composition of soil bacteria. The COG (cluster of orthologous groups) protein of cell motility was significantly reduced by 5.8% under CO2 enrichment, and the COG protein of cytoskeleton was significantly decreased by 14.7% under O3 enrichment. Furthermore, the co-occurrence network analysis indicated that both CO2 and O3 enrichment decreased the network complexity of the soil bacterial community. Overall, our results highlight that continuous CO2 and O3 enrichment would potentially damage the health of paddy soils through adverse impacts on the associations and functional composition of soil microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Yunyan Tan
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Xiuzhen Shi
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China.
| | - Peng Leng
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Guoyou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
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