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Ebadi R, Kaplan DE, Rajendran S, Walsworth RL. GALILEO: Galactic Axion Laser Interferometer Leveraging Electro-Optics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:101001. [PMID: 38518313 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.101001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
We propose a novel experimental method for probing light dark matter candidates. We show that an electro-optical material's refractive index is modified in the presence of a coherently oscillating dark matter background. A high-precision resonant Michelson interferometer can be used to read out this signal. The proposed detection scheme allows for the exploration of an uncharted parameter space of dark matter candidates over a wide range of masses-including masses exceeding a few tens of microelectronvolts, which is a challenging parameter space for microwave cavity haloscopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ebadi
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Quantum Technology Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - David E Kaplan
- The William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Surjeet Rajendran
- The William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Ronald L Walsworth
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Quantum Technology Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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Quiskamp A, McAllister BT, Altin P, Ivanov EN, Goryachev M, Tobar ME. Exclusion of Axionlike-Particle Cogenesis Dark Matter in a Mass Window above 100 μeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:031601. [PMID: 38307052 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.031601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
We report the results of Phase 1b of the ORGAN experiment, a microwave cavity haloscope searching for dark matter axions in the 107.42-111.93 μeV mass range. The search excludes axions with two-photon coupling g_{aγγ}≥4×10^{-12} GeV^{-1} with 95% confidence interval, setting the best upper bound to date and with the required sensitivity to exclude the axionlike particle cogenesis model for dark matter in this range. This result was achieved using a tunable rectangular cavity, which mitigated several practical issues that become apparent when conducting high-mass axion searches, and was the first such axion search to be conducted with such a cavity. It also represents the most sensitive axion haloscope experiment to date in the ∼100 μeV mass region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Quiskamp
- Quantum Technologies and Dark Matter Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Ben T McAllister
- Quantum Technologies and Dark Matter Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Dark Matter Particle Physics, Swinburne University of Technology, John Street, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Paul Altin
- ARC Centre of Excellence For Engineered Quantum Systems, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2600, Australia
| | - Eugene N Ivanov
- Quantum Technologies and Dark Matter Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Maxim Goryachev
- Quantum Technologies and Dark Matter Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Michael E Tobar
- Quantum Technologies and Dark Matter Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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Campbell WM, Goryachev M, Tobar ME. The multi-mode acoustic gravitational wave experiment: MAGE. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10638. [PMID: 37391430 PMCID: PMC10313709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35670-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Multi-mode Acoustic Gravitational wave Experiment (MAGE) is a high frequency gravitational wave detection experiment. In its first stage, the experiment features two near-identical quartz bulk acoustic wave resonators that act as strain antennas with spectral sensitivity as low as 6.6 × 10-21 [strain]/[Formula: see text] in multiple narrow bands across MHz frequencies. MAGE is the successor to the initial path-finding experiments; GEN 1 and GEN 2. These precursor runs demonstrated the successful use of the technology, employing a single quartz gravitational wave detector that found significantly strong and rare transient features. As the next step to this initial experiment, MAGE will employ further systematic rejection strategies by adding an additional quartz detector such that localised strains incident on just a single detector can be identified. The primary goals of MAGE will be to target signatures arising from objects and/or particles beyond that of the standard model, as well as identifying the source of the rare events seen in the predecessor experiment. The experimental set-up, current status and future directions for MAGE are discussed. Calibration procedures of the detector and signal amplification chain are presented. The sensitivity of MAGE to gravitational waves is estimated from knowledge of the quartz resonators. Finally, MAGE is assembled and tested in order to determine the thermal state of its new components.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Campbell
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems and ARC Centre of Excellence for Dark Matter Particle Physics, Department of Physics, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Maxim Goryachev
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems and ARC Centre of Excellence for Dark Matter Particle Physics, Department of Physics, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Michael E Tobar
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems and ARC Centre of Excellence for Dark Matter Particle Physics, Department of Physics, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
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An H, Ge S, Guo WQ, Huang X, Liu J, Lu Z. Direct Detection of Dark Photon Dark Matter Using Radio Telescopes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:181001. [PMID: 37204893 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.181001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Dark photons can be the ultralight dark matter candidate, interacting with Standard Model particles via kinetic mixing. We propose to search for ultralight dark photon dark matter (DPDM) through the local absorption at different radio telescopes. The local DPDM can induce harmonic oscillations of electrons inside the antenna of radio telescopes. It leads to a monochromatic radio signal and can be recorded by telescope receivers. Using the observation data from the FAST telescope, the upper limit on the kinetic mixing can already reach 10^{-12} for DPDM oscillation frequencies at 1-1.5 GHz, which is stronger than the cosmic microwave background constraint by about one order of magnitude. Furthermore, large-scale interferometric arrays like LOFAR and SKA1 telescopes can achieve extraordinary sensitivities for direct DPDM search from 10 MHz to 10 GHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng An
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuailiang Ge
- Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wen-Qing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210033, China
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210033, China
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiyao Lu
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Cervantes R, Carosi G, Hanretty C, Kimes S, LaRoque BH, Leum G, Mohapatra P, Oblath NS, Ottens R, Park Y, Rybka G, Sinnis J, Yang J. Search for 70 μeV Dark Photon Dark Matter with a Dielectrically Loaded Multiwavelength Microwave Cavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:201301. [PMID: 36462025 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.201301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microwave cavities have been deployed to search for bosonic dark matter candidates with masses of a few μeV. However, the sensitivity of these cavity detectors is limited by their volume, and the traditionally employed half-wavelength cavities suffer from a significant volume reduction at higher masses. Axion dark matter experiment (ADMX)-Orpheus mitigates this issue by operating a tunable, dielectrically loaded cavity at a higher-order mode, which allows the detection volume to remain large. The ADMX-Orpheus inaugural run excludes dark photon dark matter with kinetic mixing angle χ>10^{-13} between 65.5 μeV (15.8 GHz) and 69.3 μeV (16.8 GHz), marking the highest-frequency tunable microwave cavity dark matter search to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cervantes
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Carosi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Hanretty
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - S Kimes
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - B H LaRoque
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - G Leum
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - P Mohapatra
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - N S Oblath
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - R Ottens
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Y Park
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Rybka
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Sinnis
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Yang
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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Quiskamp A, McAllister BT, Altin P, Ivanov EN, Goryachev M, Tobar ME. Direct search for dark matter axions excluding ALP cogenesis in the 63- to 67-μeV range with the ORGAN experiment. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq3765. [PMID: 35857478 PMCID: PMC9258816 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq3765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The standard model axion seesaw Higgs portal inflation (SMASH) model is a well-motivated, self-contained description of particle physics that predicts axion dark matter particles to exist within the mass range of 50 to 200 micro-electron volts. Scanning these masses requires an axion haloscope to operate under a constant magnetic field between 12 and 48 gigahertz. The ORGAN (Oscillating Resonant Group AxioN) experiment (in Perth, Australia) is a microwave cavity axion haloscope that aims to search the majority of the mass range predicted by the SMASH model. Our initial phase 1a scan sets an upper limit on the coupling of axions to two photons of ∣gaγγ∣ ≤ 3 × 10-12 per giga-electron volts over the mass range of 63.2 to 67.1 micro-electron volts with 95% confidence interval. This highly sensitive result is sufficient to exclude the well-motivated axion-like particle cogenesis model for dark matter in the searched region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Quiskamp
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems and ARC Centre of Excellence For Dark Matter Particle Physics, Department of Physics, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Ben T. McAllister
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems and ARC Centre of Excellence For Dark Matter Particle Physics, Department of Physics, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Dark Matter Particle Physics, Swinburne University of Technology, John St., Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Paul Altin
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Eugene N. Ivanov
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems and ARC Centre of Excellence For Dark Matter Particle Physics, Department of Physics, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Maxim Goryachev
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems and ARC Centre of Excellence For Dark Matter Particle Physics, Department of Physics, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Michael E. Tobar
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems and ARC Centre of Excellence For Dark Matter Particle Physics, Department of Physics, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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