1
|
Casteluci G, Dias RVR, Martins IBS, Fernandes RA, Tedesco JA, Caruso IP, de Araujo AS, Itri R, Melo FA. Grb2 Y160F mutant mimics the wild-type monomeric state dynamics and the monomer-dimer equilibrium. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:134945. [PMID: 39182877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) participates in early signaling complexes and regulates tyrosine kinase-mediated signal transduction through a monomer-dimer equilibrium. Grb2 dimeric state inhibits signal transduction whereas the monomer promotes signaling downstream. Since Grb2 dimer KD is ∼0.8 μM, studies focused on the monomer are still challenging and require mutations or interaction with phosphotyrosine peptides. However, these mutants were never characterized considering their effects on protein structure and dynamics in solution. Here, we present the biophysical characterization of Grb2Y160F, the first Grb2 mutant to induce protein monomerization without disrupting its native behavior in solution due to net charge modifications or interaction with peptides. We also identified that Grb2Y160F exists in a monomer-dimer equilibrium. Grb2Y160F ability to dimerize implies that different dimerization interfaces might regulate signaling pathways in distinct ways and raises an important question about the role of the Y160 residue in other dimerization interfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Casteluci
- Department of Physics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, 15054-000, SP, Brazil; Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation (CMIB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - R V R Dias
- Department of Physics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, 15054-000, SP, Brazil; Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation (CMIB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - I B S Martins
- Department of Physics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, 15054-000, SP, Brazil; Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - R A Fernandes
- Applied Physics Department, Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo (USP), 055080-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - J A Tedesco
- Department of Physics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, 15054-000, SP, Brazil; Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation (CMIB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - I P Caruso
- Department of Physics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, 15054-000, SP, Brazil; Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation (CMIB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - A S de Araujo
- Department of Physics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - R Itri
- Applied Physics Department, Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo (USP), 055080-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - F A Melo
- Department of Physics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, 15054-000, SP, Brazil; Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation (CMIB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, 15054-000, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khezri MR, Mohammadipanah S, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. The pharmacological effects of Berberine and its therapeutic potential in different diseases: Role of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2024; 38:349-367. [PMID: 37922566 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway plays a central role in cell growth and survival and is disturbed in various pathologies. The PI3K is a kinase that generates phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PI (3-5) P3), as a second messenger responsible for the translocation of AKT to the plasma membrane and its activation. However, due to the crucial role of the PI3K/AKT pathway in regulation of cell survival processes, it has been introduced as a main therapeutic target for natural compounds during the progression of different pathologies. Berberine, a plant-derived isoquinone alkaloid, is known because of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antitumor properties. The effect of this natural compound on cell survival processes has been shown to be mediated by modulation of the intracellular pathways. However, the effects of this natural compound on the PI3K/AKT pathway in various pathologies have not been reviewed so far. Therefore, this paper aims to review the PI3K/AKT-mediated effects of Berberine in different types of cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, and central nervous system diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rafi Khezri
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Research Center for Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Che T, Roth BL. Molecular basis of opioid receptor signaling. Cell 2023; 186:5203-5219. [PMID: 37995655 PMCID: PMC10710086 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Opioids are used for pain management despite the side effects that contribute to the opioid crisis. The pursuit of non-addictive opioid analgesics remains unattained due to the unresolved intricacies of opioid actions, receptor signaling cascades, and neuronal plasticity. Advancements in structural, molecular, and computational tools illuminate the dynamic interplay between opioids and opioid receptors, as well as the molecular determinants of signaling pathways, which are potentially interlinked with pharmacological responses. Here, we review the molecular basis of opioid receptor signaling with a focus on the structures of opioid receptors bound to endogenous peptides or pharmacological agents. These insights unveil specific interactions that dictate ligand selectivity and likely their distinctive pharmacological profiles. Biochemical analysis further unveils molecular features governing opioid receptor signaling. Simultaneously, the synergy between computational biology and medicinal chemistry continues to expedite the discovery of novel chemotypes with the promise of yielding more efficacious and safer opioid compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Che
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee M, Yun YR, Choi EJ, Song JH, Kang JY, Kim D, Lee KW, Chang JY. Anti-obesity effect of vegetable juice fermented with lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi in C57BL/6J mice and human mesenchymal stem cells. Food Funct 2023; 14:1349-1356. [PMID: 36630124 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02998g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of fermented vegetable juice (VJ) obtained from a blend of four crops (Brassica oleracea var. capitata, B. oleracea var. italica, Daucus carota L., and Beta vulgaris) on adipogenesis along with the identification of active compounds. Two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (Companilactobacillus allii WiKim39 and Lactococcus lactis WiKim0124), isolated from kimchi, were used to ferment the VJ and their effectiveness was evaluated in differentiated human mesenchymal stem cells and obese mice. In vitro antibody array analysis was done to understand signaling proteins in adipogenesis. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed proteins are related to biological processes including immunological processes. These were effectively regulated by LAB and fermented VJ. Supplementation of fermented VJ reduced the weight gain, blood biochemical indicators, and liver fat accumulation in mice. Oil Red O staining indicated that the fermentation metabolites of VJ (indole-3-lactic acid, leucic acid, and phenyllactic acid) had an inhibitory effect on lipid accumulation in vitro. Therefore, it can be concluded that LAB-fermented VJ and its metabolites have the potential to counter obesity, and thus can be therapeutically effective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moeun Lee
- Research and Development Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Korea. .,Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
| | - Ye-Rang Yun
- Research and Development Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Korea.
| | - Eun Ji Choi
- Research and Development Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Korea.
| | - Jung Hee Song
- Research and Development Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Korea.
| | - Jin Yong Kang
- Research and Development Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Korea.
| | - Daun Kim
- Research and Development Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Korea.
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea. .,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Chang
- Research and Development Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Whole-genome CRISPR screening identifies PI3K/AKT as a downstream component of the oncogenic GNAQ-focal adhesion kinase signaling circuitry. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102866. [PMID: 36596361 PMCID: PMC9922814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
G proteins and G protein-coupled receptors activate a diverse array of signal transduction pathways that promote cell growth and survival. Indeed, hot spot-activating mutations in GNAQ/GNA11, encoding Gαq proteins, are known to be driver oncogenes in uveal melanoma (UM), for which there are limited effective therapies currently available. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has been recently shown to be a central mediator of Gαq-driven signaling in UM, and as a result, is being explored clinically as a therapeutic target for UM, both alone and in combination therapies. Despite this, the repertoire of Gαq/FAK-regulated signaling mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here, we used a whole-genome CRISPR screen in GNAQ-mutant UM cells to identify mechanisms that, when overactivated, lead to reduced sensitivity to FAK inhibition. In this way, we found that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway represented a major resistance driver. Our dissection of the underlying mechanisms revealed that Gαq promotes PI3K/AKT activation via a conserved signaling circuitry mediated by FAK. Further analysis demonstrated that FAK activates PI3K through the association and tyrosine phosphorylation of the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K and that UM cells require PI3K/AKT signaling for survival. These findings establish a novel link between Gαq-driven signaling and the stimulation of PI3K as well as demonstrate aberrant activation of signaling networks underlying the growth and survival of UM and other Gαq-driven malignancies.
Collapse
|
6
|
Guan X, Dan GR, Yang Y, Ji Y, Lai WJ, Wang FJ, Meng M, Mo BH, Huang P, You TT, Deng YF, Song L, Guo W, Yi P, Yu JH, Gao Y, Shou WN, Chen BB, Deng YC, Li XH. Prenatal inflammation exposure-programmed hypertension exhibits multi-generational inheritance via disrupting DNA methylome. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1419-1429. [PMID: 34593973 PMCID: PMC8482360 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The multi-generation heredity trait of hypertension in human has been reported, but the molecular mechanisms underlying multi-generational inheritance of hypertension remain obscure. Recent evidence shows that prenatal inflammatory exposure (PIE) results in increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. In this study we investigated whether and how PIE contributed to multi-generational inheritance of hypertension in rats. PIE was induced in pregnant rats by intraperitoneal injection of LPS or Poly (I:C) either once on gestational day 10.5 (transient stimulation, T) or three times on gestational day 8.5, 10.5, and 12.5 (persistent stimulation, P). Male offspring was chosen to study the paternal inheritance. We showed that PIE, irrespectively induced by LPS or Poly (I:C) stimulation during pregnancy, resulted in multi-generational inheritance of significantly increased blood pressure in rat descendants, and that prenatal LPS exposure led to vascular remodeling and vasoconstrictor dysfunction in both thoracic aorta and superior mesenteric artery of adult F2 offspring. Furthermore, we revealed that PIE resulted in global alteration of DNA methylome in thoracic aorta of F2 offspring. Specifically, PIE led to the DNA hypomethylation of G beta gamma (Gβγ) signaling genes in both the F1 sperm and the F2 thoracic aorta, and activation of PI3K/Akt signaling was implicated in the pathologic changes and dysregulated vascular tone of aortic tissue in F2 LPS-P offspring. Our data demonstrate that PIE reprogrammed DNA methylome of cells from the germline/mature gametes contributes to the development of hypertension in F2 PIE offspring. This study broadens the current knowledge regarding the multi-generation effect of the cumulative early life environmental factors on the development of hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Guan
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Guo-Rong Dan
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yan Ji
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wen-Jing Lai
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fang-Jie Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Meng Meng
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Bang-Hui Mo
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Pei Huang
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ting-Ting You
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ya-Fei Deng
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Liang Song
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ping Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Jian-Hua Yu
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center and the James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wei-Nian Shou
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Bing-Bo Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - You-Cai Deng
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Xiao-Hui Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang C, He Z, Zhang Q, Lu M, Zhao J, Chen W, Gao L. TSH Activates Macrophage Inflammation by G13- and G15-dependent Pathways. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6225351. [PMID: 33851697 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) treatment activates inhibitor of NF-κB/nuclear factor κB (IκB/NFκB) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-P38 in macrophages, but how these pathways are activated, and how they contribute to the proinflammatory effect of TSH on macrophages remain unknown. The TSH receptor (TSHR) is coupled to 4 subfamilies of G proteins (Gs, Gi/o, Gq/11, and G12/13) for its downstream signaling. This study investigated the G protein subtypes responsible for the proinflammatory effect of TSH on macrophages. qPCR showed that Gi2, Gi3, Gas, Gq, G11, G12, G13, and G15 are abundantly expressed by macrophages. The contribution of different G protein pathways to the proinflammatory effect was studied by the corresponding inhibitors or siRNA interference. While TSH-induced IκB phosphorylation was not inhibited by Gs inhibitor NF449, Gi inhibitor pertussis toxin, or Gq or G11 siRNA, it was blocked by phospholipase C inhibitor U73122 or G15 siRNA interference. TSH-induced ERK and P38 phosphorylation was blocked by G13 but not G12 siRNA interference. Interference of either G13 or G15 could block the proinflammatory effect of TSH on macrophages. The present study demonstrate that TSH activates macrophage inflammation by the G13/ERK-P38/Rho GTPase and G15/phospholipase C (PLC)/protein kinases C (PKCs)/IκB pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongbo Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhao He
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qunye Zhang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Khater M, Bryant CN, Wu G. Gβγ translocation to the Golgi apparatus activates ARF1 to spatiotemporally regulate G protein-coupled receptor signaling to MAPK. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100805. [PMID: 34022220 PMCID: PMC8215300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
After activation of G protein-coupled receptors, G protein βγ dimers may translocate from the plasma membrane to the Golgi apparatus (GA). We recently report that this translocation activates extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) via PI3Kγ; however, how Gβγ-PI3Kγ activates the ERK1/2 pathway is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that chemokine receptor CXCR4 activates ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1), a small GTPase important for vesicle-mediated membrane trafficking. This activation is blocked by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of the GA-translocating Gγ9 subunit. Inducible targeting of different Gβγ dimers to the GA can directly activate ARF1. CXCR4 activation and constitutive Gβγ recruitment to the GA also enhance ARF1 translocation to the GA. We further demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of PI3Kγ markedly inhibit CXCR4-mediated and Gβγ translocation-mediated ARF1 activation. We also show that depletion of ARF1 by siRNA and CRISPR-Cas9 and inhibition of GA-localized ARF1 activation abolish ERK1/2 activation by CXCR4 and Gβγ translocation to the GA and suppress prostate cancer PC3 cell migration and invasion. Collectively, our data reveal a novel function for Gβγ translocation to the GA to activate ARF1 and identify GA-localized ARF1 as an effector acting downstream of Gβγ-PI3Kγ to spatiotemporally regulate G protein-coupled receptor signaling to mitogen-activated protein kinases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Khater
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Christian N Bryant
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Guangyu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang J, Zhang L, Wan D, Zhou L, Zheng S, Lin S, Qiao Y. Extracellular matrix and its therapeutic potential for cancer treatment. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:153. [PMID: 33888679 PMCID: PMC8062524 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is one of the major components of tumors that plays multiple crucial roles, including mechanical support, modulation of the microenvironment, and a source of signaling molecules. The quantity and cross-linking status of ECM components are major factors determining tissue stiffness. During tumorigenesis, the interplay between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) often results in the stiffness of the ECM, leading to aberrant mechanotransduction and further malignant transformation. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of ECM dysregulation in the TME would contribute to the discovery of promising therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Herein, we summarized the knowledge concerning the following: (1) major ECM constituents and their functions in both normal and malignant conditions; (2) the interplay between cancer cells and the ECM in the TME; (3) key receptors for mechanotransduction and their alteration during carcinogenesis; and (4) the current therapeutic strategies targeting aberrant ECM for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Huang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Dalong Wan
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Shengzhang Lin
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Yiting Qiao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma Q, Cao Z, Li H, Wang W, Tian Y, Yan L, Liao Y, Chen X, Chen Y, Shi Y, Tang S, Zhou N. Two naturally occurring mutations of human GPR103 define distinct G protein selection bias. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:119046. [PMID: 33872671 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The neuropeptide 26RFa plays important roles in the regulation of many physiological functions. 26RFa has been recognized as an endogenous ligand for receptor GPR103. In the present study, we demonstrate that GPR103 dually couples to Gαq and Gαi/o proteins. However, two naturally occurring missense mutations were identified from a young male patient. In the first, Y68H, induction of Ca2+ mobilization was noted without detection of ERK1/2 activation. In the second, R371W, the potential to activate ERK1/2 signaling was retained but with failure to evoke Ca2+ mobilization. Further analysis provides evidence that Gαq, L-type Ca2+ channel and PKCβI and βII are involved in the Y68H-mediated signaling pathway, whereas Gαi/o, Gβγ, and PKCζ are implicated in the R371W-induced signaling. Our results demonstrate that two point mutations, Y68H and R371W, affect the equilibrium between the different receptor conformations, leading to alteration of G protein-coupling preferences. Importantly, these findings provide a foundation for future elucidation of GPCR-mediated biased signaling and the physiological implications of their bias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Department of Neurobiology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Brain Science and Brian Medicine, MOE Frontier Center of Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Huanzheng Li
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yanan Tian
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Lili Yan
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yuan Liao
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xiangnan Chen
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Shaohua Tang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China
| | - Naiming Zhou
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shashni B, Nagasaki Y. Newly Developed Self-Assembling Antioxidants as Potential Therapeutics for the Cancers. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11020092. [PMID: 33540693 PMCID: PMC7912983 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated as significant for cancer survival by functioning as oncogene activators and secondary messengers. Hence, the attenuation of ROS-signaling pathways in cancer by antioxidants seems a suitable therapeutic regime for targeting cancers. Low molecular weight (LMW) antioxidants such as 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpyperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO), although they are catalytically effective in vitro, exerts off-target effects in vivo due to their size, thus, limiting their clinical use. Here, we discuss the superior impacts of our TEMPO radical-conjugated self-assembling antioxidant nanoparticle (RNP) compared to the LMW counterpart in terms of pharmacokinetics, therapeutic effect, and adverse effects in various cancer models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Babita Shashni
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan;
| | - Yukio Nagasaki
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan;
- Master’s School of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- Center for Research in Isotopes and Environmental Dynamics (CRiED), University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +81-(0)29-853-5750
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
van der Westhuizen ET, Choy KHC, Valant C, McKenzie-Nickson S, Bradley SJ, Tobin AB, Sexton PM, Christopoulos A. Fine Tuning Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Signaling Through Allostery and Bias. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:606656. [PMID: 33584282 PMCID: PMC7878563 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.606656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The M1 and M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are highly pursued drug targets for neurological diseases, in particular for Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. Due to high sequence homology, selective targeting of any of the M1-M5 mAChRs through the endogenous ligand binding site has been notoriously difficult to achieve. With the discovery of highly subtype selective mAChR positive allosteric modulators in the new millennium, selectivity through targeting an allosteric binding site has opened new avenues for drug discovery programs. However, some hurdles remain to be overcome for these promising new drug candidates to progress into the clinic. One challenge is the potential for on-target side effects, such as for the M1 mAChR where over-activation of the receptor by orthosteric or allosteric ligands can be detrimental. Therefore, in addition to receptor subtype selectivity, a drug candidate may need to exhibit a biased signaling profile to avoid such on-target adverse effects. Indeed, recent studies in mice suggest that allosteric modulators for the M1 mAChR that bias signaling toward specific pathways may be therapeutically important. This review brings together details on the signaling pathways activated by the M1 and M4 mAChRs, evidence of biased agonism at these receptors, and highlights pathways that may be important for developing new subtype selective allosteric ligands to achieve therapeutic benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma T. van der Westhuizen
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - K. H. Christopher Choy
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Celine Valant
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon McKenzie-Nickson
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sophie J. Bradley
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew B. Tobin
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick M. Sexton
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Arthur Christopoulos
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khater M, Wei Z, Xu X, Huang W, Lokeshwar BL, Lambert NA, Wu G. G protein βγ translocation to the Golgi apparatus activates MAPK via p110γ-p101 heterodimers. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100325. [PMID: 33493514 PMCID: PMC7949113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus (GA) is a cellular organelle that plays a critical role in the processing of proteins for secretion. Activation of G protein-coupled receptors at the plasma membrane (PM) induces the translocation of G protein βγ dimers to the GA. However, the functional significance of this translocation is largely unknown. Here, we study PM-GA translocation of all 12 Gγ subunits in response to chemokine receptor CXCR4 activation and demonstrate that Gγ9 is a unique Golgi-translocating Gγ subunit. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of Gγ9 abolishes activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), two members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family, by CXCR4. We show that chemically induced recruitment to the GA of Gβγ dimers containing different Gγ subunits activates ERK1/2, whereas recruitment to the PM is ineffective. We also demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) and depletion of its subunits p110γ and p101 abrogate ERK1/2 activation by CXCR4 and Gβγ recruitment to the GA. Knockout of either Gγ9 or PI3Kγ significantly suppresses prostate cancer PC3 cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Collectively, our data demonstrate a novel function for Gβγ translocation to the GA, via activating PI3Kγ heterodimers p110γ-p101, to spatiotemporally regulate mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by G protein-coupled receptors and ultimately control tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Khater
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zhe Wei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Bal L Lokeshwar
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nevin A Lambert
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Guangyu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kraus S, Benard O, Naor Z, Seger R. C-Src is Activated by the EGF Receptor in a Pathway that Mediates JNK and ERK Activation by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in COS7 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228575. [PMID: 33202981 PMCID: PMC7697137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The key participants in G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling are the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades. The mechanisms involved in the activation of the above cascades by GPCRs are not fully elucidated. The prototypical GPCR is the receptor for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRHR), which serves as a key regulator of the reproductive system. Here, we expressed GnRHR in COS7 cells and found that GnRHR transmits its signals to MAPKs mainly via Gαi and the EGF receptor, without the involvement of Hb-EGF or PKCs. The main pathway that leads to JNK activation downstream of the EGF receptor involves a sequential activation of c-Src and PI3K. ERK activation by GnRHR is mediated by the EGF receptor, which activates Ras either directly or via c-Src. Beside the main pathway, the dissociated Gβγ and β-arrestin may initiate additional (albeit minor) pathways that lead to MAPK activation in the transfected COS7 cells. The pathways detected are significantly different from those in other GnRHR-bearing cells, indicating that GnRH can utilize various signaling mechanisms for MAPK activation. The unique pathway elucidated here, in which c-Src and PI3K are sequentially activated downstream of the EGF receptor, may serve as a prototype of signaling mechanisms by GnRHR and additional GPCRs in various cell types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kraus
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (S.K.); (O.B.)
| | - Outhiriaradjou Benard
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (S.K.); (O.B.)
| | - Zvi Naor
- Department of Biochemistry, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Rony Seger
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (S.K.); (O.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-8-9343602
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lin GY, Lin L, Cai XQ, Dai AT, Zhu Y, Li J, Liu Q, Yang DH, Bathgate RAD, Wang MW. High-throughput screening campaign identifies a small molecule agonist of the relaxin family peptide receptor 4. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:1328-1336. [PMID: 32235863 PMCID: PMC7608467 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 4 (RXFP4) is a class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), and insulin-like peptide 5 (INSL5) is its endogenous ligand. Although the precise physiological role of INSL5/RXFP4 remains elusive, a number of studies have suggested it to be a potential therapeutic target for obesity and other metabolic disorders. Since selective agonists of RXFP4 are scarcely available and peptidic analogs of INSL5 are hard to make, we conducted a high-throughput screening campaign against 52,000 synthetic and natural compounds targeting RXFP4. Of the 109 initial hits discovered, only 3 compounds were confirmed in secondary screening, with JK0621-D008 displaying the best agonism at human RXFP4. Its S-configuration stereoisomer (JK1) was subsequently isolated and validated by a series of bioassays, demonstrating a consistent agonistic effect in cells overexpressing RXFP4. This scaffold may provide a valuable tool to further explore the biological functions of RXFP4.
Collapse
|
16
|
Visentin A, Frezzato F, Severin F, Imbergamo S, Pravato S, Romano Gargarella L, Manni S, Pizzo S, Ruggieri E, Facco M, Brunati AM, Semenzato G, Piazza F, Trentin L. Lights and Shade of Next-Generation Pi3k Inhibitors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:9679-9688. [PMID: 33061448 PMCID: PMC7532889 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s268899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment (i.e. therapy and management) of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (i.e. the disease) has been improved thanks to the introduction (i.e. approval) of kinase inhibitors during the last years. PI3K is one of the most important kinases at the crossroad to the B-cell receptor and cytokine receptor which play a key role in CLL cell survival, proliferation and migration. Idelalisib is the first in class PI3Kδ inhibitor approved for the treatment of relapsed/refractory CLL in combination with rituximab. Idelalisib activity in heavily treated patients is balanced by recurrent adverse events which limit its long-term use. These limitations prompt the investigation on novel PI3K inhibitors, also targeting different protein isoforms, and alternative schedule strategies. In this regard, duvelisib is the only PI3K γ and δ inhibitor approved as single agent for relapsed CLL. In this review, we will address novel insights on PI3K structure, isoforms, regulating signaling and the most updated data of next-generation PI3K inhibitors in CLL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Visentin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Frezzato
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Filippo Severin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Imbergamo
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefano Pravato
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Leila Romano Gargarella
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Sabrina Manni
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Serena Pizzo
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Edoardo Ruggieri
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Monica Facco
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Gianpietro Semenzato
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Piazza
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Livio Trentin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Reduced Mrp2 surface availability as PI3Kγ-mediated hepatocytic dysfunction reflecting a hallmark of cholestasis in sepsis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13110. [PMID: 32753644 PMCID: PMC7403153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69901-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated liver dysfunction manifesting as cholestasis is common during multiple organ failure. Three hepatocytic dysfunctions are considered as major hallmarks of cholestasis in sepsis: impairments of microvilli covering canalicular membranes, disruptions of tight junctions sealing bile-collecting canaliculae and disruptions of Mrp2-mediated hepatobiliary transport. PI3Kγ loss-of-function was suggested as beneficial in early sepsis. Yet, the PI3Kγ-regulated cellular processes in hepatocytes remained largely unclear. We analysed all three sepsis hallmarks for responsiveness to massive PI3K/Akt signalling and PI3Kγ loss-of-function, respectively. Surprisingly, neither microvilli nor tight junctions were strongly modulated, as shown by electron microscopical studies of mouse liver samples. Instead, quantitative electron microscopy proved that solely Mrp2 surface availability, i.e. the third hallmark, responded strongly to PI3K/Akt signalling. Mrp2 plasma membrane levels were massively reduced upon PI3K/Akt signalling. Importantly, Mrp2 levels at the plasma membrane of PI3Kγ KO hepatocytes remained unaffected upon PI3K/Akt signalling stimulation. The effect explicitly relied on PI3Kγ's enzymatic ability, as shown by PI3Kγ kinase-dead mice. Keeping the surface availability of the biliary transporter Mrp2 therefore is a cell biological process that may underlie the observation that PI3Kγ loss-of-function protects from hepatic excretory dysfunction during early sepsis and Mrp2 should thus take center stage in pharmacological interventions.
Collapse
|
18
|
Del Rosario JS, Yudin Y, Su S, Hartle CM, Mirshahi T, Rohacs T. Gi-coupled receptor activation potentiates Piezo2 currents via Gβγ. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e49124. [PMID: 32227462 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201949124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanically activated Piezo2 channels are key players in somatosensory touch, but their regulation by cellular signaling pathways is poorly understood. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons express a variety of G-protein-coupled receptors that modulate the function of sensory ion channels. Gi-coupled receptors are generally considered inhibitory, as they usually decrease excitability. Paradoxically, activation of Gi-coupled receptors in DRG neurons sometimes induces mechanical hypersensitivity, the mechanism of which is not well understood. Here, we find that activation of Gi-coupled receptors potentiates mechanically activated currents in DRG neurons and heterologously expressed Piezo2 channels, but inhibits Piezo1 currents in heterologous systems in a Gβγ-dependent manner. Pharmacological inhibition of kinases downstream of Gβγ, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) also abolishes the potentiation of Piezo2 currents. Local injection of sumatriptan, an agonist of the Gi-coupled serotonin 1B/1D receptors, increases mechanical sensitivity in mice, and the effect is abolished by inhibiting PI3K and MAPK. Hence, our studies illustrate an indirect mechanism of action of Gβγ to sensitize Piezo2 currents and alter mechanosensitivity after activation of Gi-coupled receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Smith Del Rosario
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Yevgen Yudin
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Songxue Su
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Cassandra M Hartle
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Clinic, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Tooraj Mirshahi
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Clinic, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Tibor Rohacs
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Evaluating the benefits of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors as cancer treatments. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 211:107527. [PMID: 32173557 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest and most diverse group of cellular membrane receptors identified and characterized. It is estimated that 30 to 50% of marketed drugs target these receptors. The angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) is a GPCR which signals in response to systemic alterations of the peptide hormone angiotensin II (AngII) in circulation. The enzyme responsible for converting AngI to AngII is the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Specific inhibitors for the AT1R (more commonly known as AT1R blockers or antagonists) and ACE are well characterized for their effects on the cardiovascular system. Combined with the extensive clinical data available on patient tolerance of AT1R blockers (ARBs) and ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), as well as their non-classical roles in cancer, the notion of repurposing this class of medications as cancer treatment(s) is explored in the current review. Given that AngII-dependent AT1R activity directly regulates angiogenesis, remodeling of vasculature, pro-inflammatory responses, stem cell programming and hematopoiesis, and electrolyte balance; the modulation of these processes with pharmacologically well characterized medications could present a valuable complementary treatment option for cancer patients.
Collapse
|
20
|
Function, Regulation and Biological Roles of PI3Kγ Variants. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090427. [PMID: 31480354 PMCID: PMC6770443 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) γ is the only class IB PI3K member playing significant roles in the G-protein-dependent regulation of cell signaling in health and disease. Originally found in the immune system, increasing evidence suggest a wide array of functions in the whole organism. PI3Kγ occur as two different heterodimeric variants: PI3Kγ (p87) and PI3Kγ (p101), which share the same p110γ catalytic subunit but differ in their associated non-catalytic subunit. Here we concentrate on specific PI3Kγ features including its regulation and biological functions. In particular, the roles of its non-catalytic subunits serving as the main regulators determining specificity of class IB PI3Kγ enzymes are highlighted.
Collapse
|
21
|
Conduit SE, Hakim S, Feeney SJ, Ooms LM, Dyson JM, Abud HE, Mitchell CA. β-catenin ablation exacerbates polycystic kidney disease progression. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:230-244. [PMID: 30265301 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) results from excessive renal epithelial cell proliferation, leading to the formation of large fluid filled cysts which impair renal function and frequently lead to renal failure. Hyperactivation of numerous signaling pathways is hypothesized to promote renal epithelial cell hyperproliferation including mTORC1, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and WNT signaling. β-catenin and its target genes are overexpressed in some PKD models and expression of activated β-catenin induces cysts in mice; however, β-catenin murine knockout studies indicate it may also inhibit cystogenesis. Therefore, it remains unclear whether β-catenin is pro- or anti-cystogenic and whether its role is canonical WNT signaling-dependent. Here, we investigate whether β-catenin deletion in a PKD model with hyperactived β-catenin signaling affects disease progression to address whether increased β-catenin drives PKD. We used renal epithelial cell specific Inpp5e-null PKD mice which we report exhibit increased β-catenin and target gene expression in the cystic kidneys. Surprisingly, co-deletion of β-catenin with Inpp5e in renal epithelial cells exacerbated polycystic kidney disease and renal failure compared to Inpp5e deletion alone, but did not normalize β-catenin target gene expression. β-catenin/Inpp5e double-knockout kidneys exhibited increased cyst initiation, cell proliferation and MEK/ERK signaling compared to Inpp5e-null, associated with increased fibrosis, which may collectively contribute to accelerated disease. Therefore, increased β-catenin and WNT target gene expression are not necessarily cyst promoting. Rather β-catenin may play a dual and context-dependent role in PKD and in the presence of other cyst-inducing mutations (Inpp5e-deletion); β-catenin loss may exacerbate disease in a WNT target gene-independent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Conduit
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandra Hakim
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandra J Feeney
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lisa M Ooms
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer M Dyson
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen E Abud
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina A Mitchell
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Estrogen Regulation of GRK2 Inactivates Kappa Opioid Receptor Signaling Mediating Analgesia, But Not Aversion. J Neurosci 2018; 38:8031-8043. [PMID: 30076211 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0653-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of κ opioid receptors (KORs) produces analgesia and aversion via distinct intracellular signaling pathways, but whether G protein-biased KOR agonists can be designed to have clinical utility will depend on a better understanding of the signaling mechanisms involved. We found that KOR activation produced conditioned place aversion and potentiated CPP for cocaine in male and female C57BL/6N mice. Consistent with this, males and females both showed arrestin-mediated increases in phospho-p38 MAPK following KOR activation. Unlike in males, however, KOR activation had inconsistent analgesic effects in females and KOR increased Gβγ-mediated ERK phosphorylation in males, but not females. KOR desensitization was not responsible for the lack of response in females because neither Grk3 nor Pdyn gene knock-out enhanced analgesia. Instead, responsiveness was estrous cycle dependent because KOR analgesia was evident during low estrogen phases of the cycle and in ovariectomized (OVX) females. Estradiol treatment of OVX females suppressed KOR-mediated analgesia, demonstrating that estradiol was sufficient to blunt Gβγ-mediated KOR signals. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is known to regulate ERK activation, and we found that the inhibitory, phosphorylated form of GRK2 was significantly higher in intact females. GRK2/3 inhibition by CMPD101 increased KOR stimulation of phospho-ERK in females, decreased sex differences in KOR-mediated inhibition of dopamine release, and enhanced mu opioid receptor and KOR-mediated analgesia in females. In OVX females, estradiol increased the association between GRK2 and Gβγ. These studies suggest that estradiol, through increased phosphorylation of GRK2 and possible sequestration of Gβγ by GRK2, blunts G protein-mediated signals.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Chronic pain disorders are more prevalent in females than males, but opioid receptor agonists show inconsistent analgesic efficacy in females. κ opioid receptor (KOR) agonists have been tested in clinical trials for treating pain disorders based on their analgesic properties and low addictive potential. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences in KOR actions were previously unknown. Our studies identify an intracellular mechanism involving estradiol regulation of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 that is responsible for sexually dimorphic analgesic responses following opioid receptor activation. Understanding this mechanism will be critical for developing effective nonaddictive opioid analgesics for use in women and characterizing sexually dimorphic effects in other inhibitory G protein-coupled receptor signaling responses.
Collapse
|
23
|
Lavenus S, Simard É, Besserer-Offroy É, Froehlich U, Leduc R, Grandbois M. Label-free cell signaling pathway deconvolution of angiotensin type 1 receptor reveals time-resolved G-protein activity and distinct AngII and AngIIIIV responses. Pharmacol Res 2018; 136:108-120. [PMID: 29959993 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (AngII) type 1 receptor (AT1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor known for its role in numerous physiological processes and its implication in many vascular diseases. Its functions are mediated through G protein dependent and independent signaling pathways. AT1R has several endogenous peptidic agonists, all derived from angiotensinogen, as well as several synthetic ligands known to elicit biased signaling responses. Here, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was used as a cell-based and label-free technique to quantify, in real time, the response of HEK293 cells stably expressing the human AT1R. The goal was to take advantage of the integrative nature of this assay to identify specific signaling pathways in the features of the response profiles generated by numerous endogenous and synthetic ligands of AT1R. First, we assessed the contributions of Gq, G12/13, Gi, Gβγ, ERK1/2 and β-arrestins pathways in the cellular responses measured by SPR where Gq, G12/Rho/ROCK together with β-arrestins and ERK1/2 were found to play significant roles. More specifically, we established a major role for G12 in the early events of the AT1R-dependent response, which was followed by a robust ERK1/2 component associated to the later phase of the signal. Interestingly, endogenous AT1R ligands (AngII, AngIII and AngIV) exhibited distinct responses signatures with a significant increase of the ERK1/2-like components for both AngIII and AngIV, which points toward possibly distinct physiological roles for the later. We also tested AT1R biased ligands, all of which affected both the early and later events. Our results support SPR-based integrative cellular assays as a powerful approach to delineate the contribution of specific signaling pathways for a given cell response and reveal response differences associated with ligands with distinct pharmacological properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Lavenus
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada.
| | - Élie Simard
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada.
| | - Élie Besserer-Offroy
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada.
| | - Ulrike Froehlich
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada.
| | - Richard Leduc
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada.
| | - Michel Grandbois
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen M, Liu C, Wang M, Wang H, Zhang K, Zheng Y, Yu Z, Li X, Guo W, Li N, Meng Q. Clenbuterol Induces Cell Cycle Arrest in C2C12 Myoblasts by Delaying p27 Degradation through β-arrestin 2 Signaling. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:1341-1350. [PMID: 29104500 PMCID: PMC5666532 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.17948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
β2-Adrenoceptor (β2-AR) agonists promote muscle growth. The aim of this study was to elucidate some effects of the selective β2-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol (CLB) on myoblast proliferation. We found that CLB induces cell cycle arrest in C2C12 myoblasts. This effect is partly due to the enhanced stability of p27, rather than the increased gene transcription via cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). Specifically, CLB treatment enhanced the accumulation of p27 in the nucleus while depleting it from the cytosol via a mechanism that requires β2-AR. Surprisingly, p27 accumulation was not reversed by the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H-89, but interestingly, was alleviated by the knockdown of β-arrestin 2. Thus, our work provides a basis for β2-AR agonists inhibit myoblasts proliferation through signaling via β2-AR, β-arrestin 2, and p27.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.,Guangxi Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - Chuncheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Animal Science/Molecular Biology Bldg, University of Wyoming, Laramie WY82071, USA
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingyong Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Co-transplantation of mesenchymal and neural stem cells and overexpressing stromal-derived factor-1 for treating spinal cord injury. Brain Res 2017; 1672:91-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
26
|
Mohan ML, Chatterjee A, Ganapathy S, Mukherjee S, Srikanthan S, Jolly GP, Anand RS, Naga Prasad SV. Noncanonical regulation of insulin-mediated ERK activation by phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:3112-3122. [PMID: 28877982 PMCID: PMC5662266 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-12-0864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Classically, Class IB phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3Kγ) plays a role in ERK activation following G-protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) activation. Here we show that PI3Kγ noncanonically regulates ERK phosphorylation in a kinase-independent mechanism, irrespective of the upstream signals. PI3Kγ sequesters PP2A, allowing sustained ERK function. Classically Class IB phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3Kγ) plays a role in extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) activation following G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) activation. Knock-down of PI3Kγ unexpectedly resulted in loss of ERK activation to receptor tyrosine kinase agonists such as epidermal growth factor or insulin. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) or primary adult cardiac fibroblasts isolated from PI3Kγ knock-out mice (PI3KγKO) showed decreased insulin-stimulated ERK activation. However, expression of kinase-dead PI3Kγ resulted in rescue of insulin-stimulated ERK activation. Mechanistically, PI3Kγ sequesters protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), disrupting ERK–PP2A interaction, as evidenced by increased ERK–PP2A interaction and associated PP2A activity in PI3KγKO MEFs, resulting in decreased ERK activation. Furthermore, β-blocker carvedilol-mediated β-arrestin-dependent ERK activation is significantly reduced in PI3KγKO MEF, suggesting accelerated dephosphorylation. Thus, instead of classically mediating the kinase arm, PI3Kγ inhibits PP2A by scaffolding and sequestering, playing a key parallel synergistic step in sustaining the function of ERK, a nodal enzyme in multiple cellular processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maradumane L Mohan
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Arunachal Chatterjee
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Swetha Ganapathy
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Sromona Mukherjee
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Sowmya Srikanthan
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - George P Jolly
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Rohit S Anand
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Sathyamangla V Naga Prasad
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
How Does the L884P Mutation Confer Resistance to Type-II Inhibitors of JAK2 Kinase: A Comprehensive Molecular Modeling Study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9088. [PMID: 28831147 PMCID: PMC5567357 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09586-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) has been regarded as an essential target for the treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). BBT594 and CHZ868, Type-II inhibitors of JAK2, illustrate satisfactory efficacy in preclinical MPNs and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) models. However, the L884P mutation of JAK2 abrogates the suppressive effects of BBT594 and CHZ868. In this study, conventional molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, umbrella sampling (US) simulations and MM/GBSA free energy calculations were employed to explore how the L884P mutation affects the binding of BBT594 and CHZ868 to JAK2 and uncover the resistance mechanism induced by the L884P mutation. The results provided by the US and MD simulations illustrate that the L884P mutation enhances the flexibility of the allosteric pocket and alters their conformations, which amplify the conformational entropy change (−TΔS) and weaken the interactions between the inhibitors and target. Additionally, the structural analyses of BBT594 and CHZ868 in complex with the WT JAK2 illustrate that the drug tail with strong electronegativity and small size located in the allosteric pocket of JAK2 may enhance anti-resistance capability. In summary, our results highlight that both of the changes of the conformational entropies and enthalpies contribute to the L884P-induced resistance in the binding of two Type-II inhibitors into JAK2 kinase.
Collapse
|
28
|
Vázquez-Prado J, Bracho-Valdés I, Cervantes-Villagrana RD, Reyes-Cruz G. Gβγ Pathways in Cell Polarity and Migration Linked to Oncogenic GPCR Signaling: Potential Relevance in Tumor Microenvironment. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 90:573-586. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.105338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
29
|
Saitoh F, Wakatsuki S, Tokunaga S, Fujieda H, Araki T. Glutamate signals through mGluR2 to control Schwann cell differentiation and proliferation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29856. [PMID: 27432639 PMCID: PMC4949416 DOI: 10.1038/srep29856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid saltatory nerve conduction is facilitated by myelin structure, which is produced by Schwann cells (SC) in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Proper development and degeneration/regeneration after injury requires regulated phenotypic changes of SC. We have previously shown that glutamate can induce SC proliferation in culture. Here we show that glutamate signals through metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2) to induce Erk phosphorylation in SC. mGluR2-elicited Erk phosphorylation requires ErbB2/3 receptor tyrosine kinase phosphorylation to limit the signaling cascade that promotes phosphorylation of Erk, but not Akt. We found that Gβγ and Src are involved in subcellular signaling downstream of mGluR2. We also found that glutamate can transform myelinating SC to proliferating SC, while inhibition of mGluR2 signaling can inhibit demyelination of injured nerves in vivo. These data suggest pathophysiological significance of mGluR2 signaling in PNS and its possible therapeutic importance to combat demyelinating disorders including Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Saitoh
- Department of Peripheral Nervous System Research National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Shuji Wakatsuki
- Department of Peripheral Nervous System Research National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Shinji Tokunaga
- Department of Peripheral Nervous System Research National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroki Fujieda
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Araki
- Department of Peripheral Nervous System Research National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mera P, Laue K, Ferron M, Confavreux C, Wei J, Galán-Díez M, Lacampagne A, Mitchell SJ, Mattison JA, Chen Y, Bacchetta J, Szulc P, Kitsis RN, de Cabo R, Friedman RA, Torsitano C, McGraw TE, Puchowicz M, Kurland I, Karsenty G. Osteocalcin Signaling in Myofibers Is Necessary and Sufficient for Optimum Adaptation to Exercise. Cell Metab 2016; 23:1078-1092. [PMID: 27304508 PMCID: PMC4910629 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Circulating levels of undercarboxylated and bioactive osteocalcin double during aerobic exercise at the time levels of insulin decrease. In contrast, circulating levels of osteocalcin plummet early during adulthood in mice, monkeys, and humans of both genders. Exploring these observations revealed that osteocalcin signaling in myofibers is necessary for adaptation to exercise by favoring uptake and catabolism of glucose and fatty acids, the main nutrients of myofibers. Osteocalcin signaling in myofibers also accounts for most of the exercise-induced release of interleukin-6, a myokine that promotes adaptation to exercise in part by driving the generation of bioactive osteocalcin. We further show that exogenous osteocalcin is sufficient to enhance the exercise capacity of young mice and to restore to 15-month-old mice the exercise capacity of 3-month-old mice. This study uncovers a bone-to-muscle feedforward endocrine axis that favors adaptation to exercise and can reverse the age-induced decline in exercise capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mera
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kathrin Laue
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mathieu Ferron
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Cyril Confavreux
- INSERM UMR1033-Université de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 69003, France
| | - Jianwen Wei
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Marta Galán-Díez
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alain Lacampagne
- UMR 9214 CNRS, U1046 INSERM, Université de Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Sarah J Mitchell
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Julie A Mattison
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Department of Cell Biology, and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Justine Bacchetta
- INSERM UMR1033-Université de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 69003, France
| | - Pawel Szulc
- INSERM UMR1033-Université de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 69003, France
| | - Richard N Kitsis
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Department of Cell Biology, and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Richard A Friedman
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Christopher Torsitano
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Timothy E McGraw
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michelle Puchowicz
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Irwin Kurland
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Gerard Karsenty
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang J, Feng H, Xu S, Feng P. Hijacking GPCRs by viral pathogens and tumor. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 114:69-81. [PMID: 27060663 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of molecules that transduce signals across the plasma membrane. Herpesviruses are successful pathogens that evolved diverse mechanisms to benefit their infection. Several human herpesviruses express GPCRs to exploit cellular signaling cascades during infection. These viral GPCRs demonstrate distinct biochemical and biophysical properties that result in the activation of a broad spectrum of signaling pathways. In immune-deficient individuals, human herpesvirus infection and the expression of their GPCRs are implicated in virus-associated diseases and pathologies. Emerging studies also uncover diverse mutations in components, particularly GPCRs and small G proteins, of GPCR signaling pathways that render the constitutive activation of proliferative and survival signal, which contributes to the oncogenesis of various human cancers. Hijacking GPCR-mediated signaling is a signature shared by diseases associated with constitutively active viral GPCRs and cellular mutations activating GPCR signaling, exposing key molecules that can be targeted for anti-viral and anti-tumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States.
| | - Hao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Simin Xu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Pinghui Feng
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu J, Ji Y, Zhou J, Xing D. Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Promotes Activation and Vacuolar Acidification and Delays Methyl Jasmonate-Induced Leaf Senescence. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 170:1714-31. [PMID: 26739232 PMCID: PMC4775102 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
PI3K and its product PI3P are both involved in plant development and stress responses. In this study, the down-regulation of PI3K activity accelerated leaf senescence induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and suppressed the activation of vacuolar H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase). Yeast two-hybrid analyses indicated that PI3K bound to the V-ATPase B subunit (VHA-B). Analysis of bimolecular fluorescence complementation in tobacco guard cells showed that PI3K interacted with VHA-B2 in the tonoplasts. Through the use of pharmacological and genetic tools, we found that PI3K and V-ATPase promoted vacuolar acidification and stomatal closure during leaf senescence. Vacuolar acidification was suppressed by the PIKfyve inhibitor in 35S:AtVPS34-YFP Arabidopsis during MeJA-induced leaf senescence, but the decrease was lower than that in YFP-labeled Arabidopsis. These results suggest that PI3K promotes V-ATPase activation and consequently induces vacuolar acidification and stomatal closure, thereby delaying MeJA-induced leaf senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, and Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China (J.L., Y.J., J.Z., D. X.)
| | - Yingbin Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, and Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China (J.L., Y.J., J.Z., D. X.)
| | - Jun Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, and Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China (J.L., Y.J., J.Z., D. X.)
| | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, and Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China (J.L., Y.J., J.Z., D. X.).
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bar-Lev TH, Harris D, Tomić M, Stojilkovic S, Blumenfeld Z, Brown P, Seger R, Naor Z. Role of PI4K and PI3K-AKT in ERK1/2 activation by GnRH in the pituitary gonadotropes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 415:12-23. [PMID: 26238084 PMCID: PMC4582010 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The role of PI4K and PI3K-AKT in ERK1/2 activation by GnRH was examined. A relatively long preincubation (60 min) with wortmannin (10 nM and 10 μM), and LY294002 (10 μM and 100 μM) (doses known to inhibit PI3K and PI4K, respectively), were required to inhibit GnRH-and PMA-stimulated ERK1/2 activity in αT3-1 and LβT2 gonadotrope cells. A similar preincubation protocol was required to demonstrate inhibition of IGF-1-stimulated AKT activation lending support for the need of prolonged incubation (60 min) with wortmannin in contrast to other cellular systems. To rule out that the inhibitors acted upon PI(4,5)P2 levels, we followed the [Ca(2+)]i response to GnRH and found that wortmannin has no significant effect on GnRH-induced [Ca(2+)]i responses. Surprisingly, GnRH and PMA reduced, while IGF-1 increased AKT phosphorylation. We suggest that PI3K inhibits GnRH-stimulated αGSU activity, has no effect upon GnRH-stimulated LHβ activity and enhanced the GnRH-stimulated FSHβ transcription. Hence, PI4K and PI3K-AKT play a role in GnRH to ERK1/2 signaling, while PI3K may regulate also GnRH-induced gonadotropin gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tali H Bar-Lev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Dagan Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Melanija Tomić
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4510, USA
| | - Stanko Stojilkovic
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4510, USA
| | - Zeev Blumenfeld
- Reproductive Endocrinology, OB/GYN, Rambam Health Care Campus, Technion-Faculty of Medicine, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Pamela Brown
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre of Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, Scotland EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Rony Seger
- Department of Biological Regulation, the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Zvi Naor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Karnik SS, Unal H, Kemp JR, Tirupula KC, Eguchi S, Vanderheyden PML, Thomas WG. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCIX. Angiotensin Receptors: Interpreters of Pathophysiological Angiotensinergic Stimuli [corrected]. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 67:754-819. [PMID: 26315714 PMCID: PMC4630565 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.010454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin angiotensin system (RAS) produced hormone peptides regulate many vital body functions. Dysfunctional signaling by receptors for RAS peptides leads to pathologic states. Nearly half of humanity today would likely benefit from modern drugs targeting these receptors. The receptors for RAS peptides consist of three G-protein-coupled receptors—the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1 receptor), the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2 receptor), the MAS receptor—and a type II trans-membrane zinc protein—the candidate angiotensin IV receptor (AngIV binding site). The prorenin receptor is a relatively new contender for consideration, but is not included here because the role of prorenin receptor as an independent endocrine mediator is presently unclear. The full spectrum of biologic characteristics of these receptors is still evolving, but there is evidence establishing unique roles of each receptor in cardiovascular, hemodynamic, neurologic, renal, and endothelial functions, as well as in cell proliferation, survival, matrix-cell interaction, and inflammation. Therapeutic agents targeted to these receptors are either in active use in clinical intervention of major common diseases or under evaluation for repurposing in many other disorders. Broad-spectrum influence these receptors produce in complex pathophysiological context in our body highlights their role as precise interpreters of distinctive angiotensinergic peptide cues. This review article summarizes findings published in the last 15 years on the structure, pharmacology, signaling, physiology, and disease states related to angiotensin receptors. We also discuss the challenges the pharmacologist presently faces in formally accepting newer members as established angiotensin receptors and emphasize necessary future developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadashiva S Karnik
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.S.K., H.U., J.R.K., K.C.T.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.E.); Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (P.M.L.V.); and Department of General Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (W.G.T.)
| | - Hamiyet Unal
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.S.K., H.U., J.R.K., K.C.T.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.E.); Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (P.M.L.V.); and Department of General Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (W.G.T.)
| | - Jacqueline R Kemp
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.S.K., H.U., J.R.K., K.C.T.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.E.); Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (P.M.L.V.); and Department of General Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (W.G.T.)
| | - Kalyan C Tirupula
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.S.K., H.U., J.R.K., K.C.T.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.E.); Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (P.M.L.V.); and Department of General Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (W.G.T.)
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.S.K., H.U., J.R.K., K.C.T.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.E.); Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (P.M.L.V.); and Department of General Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (W.G.T.)
| | - Patrick M L Vanderheyden
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.S.K., H.U., J.R.K., K.C.T.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.E.); Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (P.M.L.V.); and Department of General Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (W.G.T.)
| | - Walter G Thomas
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.S.K., H.U., J.R.K., K.C.T.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.E.); Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (P.M.L.V.); and Department of General Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (W.G.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Receptor sequestration in response to β-arrestin-2 phosphorylation by ERK1/2 governs steady-state levels of GPCR cell-surface expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E5160-8. [PMID: 26324936 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1508836112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MAPKs are activated in response to G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) stimulation and play essential roles in regulating cellular processes downstream of these receptors. However, very little is known about the reciprocal effect of MAPK activation on GPCRs. To investigate possible crosstalk between the MAPK and GPCRs, we assessed the effect of ERK1/2 on the activity of several GPCR family members. We found that ERK1/2 activation leads to a reduction in the steady-state cell-surface expression of many GPCRs because of their intracellular sequestration. This subcellular redistribution resulted in a global dampening of cell responsiveness, as illustrated by reduced ligand-mediated G-protein activation and second-messenger generation as well as blunted GPCR kinases and β-arrestin recruitment. This ERK1/2-mediated regulatory process was observed for GPCRs that can interact with β-arrestins, such as type-2 vasopressin, type-1 angiotensin, and CXC type-4 chemokine receptors, but not for the prostaglandin F receptor that cannot interact with β-arrestin, implicating this scaffolding protein in the receptor's subcellular redistribution. Complementation experiments in mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking β-arrestins combined with in vitro kinase assays revealed that β-arrestin-2 phosphorylation on Ser14 and Thr276 is essential for the ERK1/2-promoted GPCR sequestration. This previously unidentified regulatory mechanism was observed after constitutive activation as well as after receptor tyrosine kinase- or GPCR-mediated activation of ERK1/2, suggesting that it is a central node in the tonic regulation of cell responsiveness to GPCR stimulation, acting both as an effector and a negative regulator.
Collapse
|
36
|
Yin R, Liu X, Bi Y, Xie G, Zhang P, Meng X, Ai L, Xu R, Sun Y, Stoeger T, Ding Z. Expression of Raf kinase inhibitor protein is downregulated in response to Newcastle disease virus infection to promote viral replication. J Gen Virol 2015; 96:2579-2586. [PMID: 26297355 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes a severe and economically significant disease affecting almost the entire poultry industry worldwide. However, factors that affect NDV replication in host cells are poorly understood. Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) is a physiological inhibitor of c-RAF kinase and NF-κB signalling, known for their functions in the control of immune response as well as tumour invasion and metastasis. In the present study, we investigated the consequences of overexpression of host RKIP during viral infection. We demonstrate that NDV infection represses RKIP expression thereby promoting virus replication. Experimental upregulation of RKIP in turn acts as a potential antiviral defence mechanism in host cells that restricts NDV replication by repressing the activation of Raf/MEK/ERK and IκBα/NF-κB signalling pathways. Our results not only extend the concept of linking NDV-host interactions, but also reveal RKIP as a new class of protein-kinase-inhibitor protein that affects NDV replication with therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renfu Yin
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- College of Quartermaster Technology Science, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Yuhai Bi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Guangyao Xie
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Pingze Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Xin Meng
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Lili Ai
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Rongyi Xu
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Yuzhang Sun
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Nanjing Road 369, Qingdao, Shandong 266032, PR China
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (iLBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
| | - Zhuang Ding
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lecat S, Belemnaba L, Galzi JL, Bucher B. Neuropeptide Y receptor mediates activation of ERK1/2 via transactivation of the IGF receptor. Cell Signal 2015; 27:1297-304. [PMID: 25817573 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y binds to G-protein coupled receptors whose action results in inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity. Using HEK293 cells stably expressing the native neuropeptide Y Y1 receptors, we found that the NPY agonist elicits a transient phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2). We first show that ERK1/2 activation following Y1 receptor stimulation is dependent on heterotrimeric Gi/o since it is completely inhibited by pre-treatment with pertussis toxin. In addition, ERK1/2 activation is internalization-independent since mutant Y1 receptors unable to recruit β-arrestins, can still activate ERK signaling to the same extent as wild-type receptors. We next show that this activation of the MAPK pathway is inhibited by the MEK inhibitor U0126, is not dependent on calcium signaling at the Y1 receptor (no effect upon inhibition of phospholipase C, protein kinase C or protein kinase D) but instead dependent on Gβ/γ and associated signaling pathways that activate PI3-kinase. Although inhibition of the epidermal-growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase did not influence NPY-induced ERK1/2 activation, we show that the inhibition of insulin growth factor receptor IGFR by AG1024 completely blocks activation of ERK1/2 by the Y1 receptor. This Gβ/γ-PI3K-AG1024-sensitive pathway does not involve activation of IGFR through the release of a soluble ligand by metalloproteinases since it is not affected by the metalloproteinase inhibitor marimastat. Finally, we found that a similar pathway, sensitive to wortmannin-AG1024 but insensitive to marimastat, is implicated in activation of ERK signaling in HEK293 cells by endogenously expressed GPCRs coupled to Gq-protein (muscarinic M3 receptors) or coupled to Gs-protein (endothelin ETB receptors). Our analysis is the first to show that β-arrestin recruitment to the NPY Y1 receptor is not necessary for MAPK activation by this receptor but that transactivation of the IGFR receptor is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Lecat
- GPCRs, Pain and Inflammation Team, UMR7242, CNRS-University of Strasbourg, LabEx Medalis 300 Bvd Sébastien Brant, CS 10413, 67412 Illkirch, France.
| | - Lazare Belemnaba
- UMR 7213, CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, CS 60024, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Jean-Luc Galzi
- GPCRs, Pain and Inflammation Team, UMR7242, CNRS-University of Strasbourg, LabEx Medalis 300 Bvd Sébastien Brant, CS 10413, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Bernard Bucher
- UMR 7213, CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, CS 60024, 67401 Illkirch, France
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wang M, Zhu XY, Wang L, Lin Y. Expression and significance of CDC25B, PED/PEA-15 in esophageal carcinoma. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2015; 30:139-45. [PMID: 25775393 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2014.1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of CDC25B, PED/PEA-15 in the development of esophageal carcinoma and its influence on the prognosis. METHODS Fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry methods were used to analyze the expression of CDC25B, PED/PEA-15 in esophageal carcinoma. Moreover, survival analysis was done using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS In 66 cases of esophageal cancer tissues, the relative content of CDC25B mRNA was 16.22 (13.93-18.90). The positive expression rate of CDC25B protein was 48.5%, significantly higher than normal mucosa tissues (0%) (p<0.01). The relative content of PED/PEA-15 mRNA was 12.47 (10.41-14.93). The positive expression rate of PED/PEA-15 protein was 68.2%, significantly higher than normal mucosa tissues (17.6%) (p<0.01). The CDC25B protein expression was correlated with differentiation grade and depth of invasion (p<0.05). The PED/PEA-15 protein expression was related to differentiation grade, lymph node metastasis, and depth of invasion (p<0.05). Survival analysis showed that the mean survival time of PED/PEA-15-positive expression group was lower compared with the negative expression group (χ(2)=5.549, p=0.018). Analysis of the relationship between CDC25B and PED/PEA-15 suggested that there was a positive correlation between them (r=4.061, p=0.044). CONCLUSION Both CDC25B and PED/PEA-15 play a certain role in the carcinogenesis of esophageal cancer, and PED/PEA-15 has a greater influence on postoperative survival time. They will be the new diagnostic/therapeutic targets in esophageal carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- 1 Department of Radiation Therapy, Cangzhou Central Hospital , Cangzhou, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Thompson A, Kanamarlapudi V. Agonist-induced internalisation of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor is mediated by the Gαq pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 93:72-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
40
|
Ockenga W, Kühne S, Bocksberger S, Banning A, Tikkanen R. Epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation is required for mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in HaCaT keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:21433-54. [PMID: 25421240 PMCID: PMC4264234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151121433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-neuronal acetylcholine plays a substantial role in the human skin by influencing adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes. These processes are regulated by the Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) kinase cascade. Here we show that in HaCaT keratinocytes all five muscarinic receptor subtypes are expressed, but M1 and M3 are the subtypes involved in mitogenic signaling. Stimulation with the cholinergic agonist carbachol leads to activation of the MAP kinase extracellular signal regulated kinase, together with the protein kinase Akt. The activation is fully dependent on the transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which even appears to be the sole pathway for the muscarinic receptors to facilitate MAP kinase activation in HaCaT cells. The transactivation pathway involves a triple-membrane-passing process, based on activation of matrix metalloproteases, and extracellular ligand release; whereas phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Src family kinases or protein kinase C do not appear to be involved in MAP kinase activation. Furthermore, phosphorylation, ubiquitination and endocytosis of the EGF receptor after cholinergic transactivation are different from that induced by a direct stimulation with EGF, suggesting that ligands other than EGF itself mediate the cholinergic transactivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wymke Ockenga
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Sina Kühne
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Simone Bocksberger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Antje Banning
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Ritva Tikkanen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sun H, Li G, Zhang W, Zhou Q, Yu Y, Shi Y, Offermanns S, Lu J, Zhou N. Niacin activates the PI3K/Akt cascade via PKC- and EGFR-transactivation-dependent pathways through hydroxyl-carboxylic acid receptor 2. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112310. [PMID: 25375133 PMCID: PMC4223033 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Niacin has been demonstrated to activate a PI3K/Akt signaling cascade to prevent brain damage after stroke and UV-induced skin damage; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms for HCA2-induced Akt activation remain to be elucidated. Using CHO-K1 cells stably expressing HCA2 and A431 cells, a human epidermoid cell line with high levels of endogenous expression of functional HCA2 receptors, we first demonstrated that niacin induced a robust Akt phosphorylation at both Thr308 and Ser473 in a time-dependent fashion, with a maximal activation at 5 min and a subsequent reduction to baseline by 30 min through HCA2, and that the activation was significantly blocked by pertussis toxin. The HCA2-mediated activation of Akt was also significantly inhibited by the PKC inhibitors GF109203x and Go6983 in both cell lines, by the PDGFR-selective inhibitor tyrphostin A9 in CHO-HCA2 cells and by the MMP inhibitor GM6001 and EGFR-specific inhibitor AG1478 in A431 cells. These results suggest that the PKC pathway and PDGFR/EGFR transactivation pathway play important roles in HCA2-mediated Akt activation. Further investigation indicated that PI3K and the Gβγ subunit were likely to play an essential role in HCA2-induced Akt activation. Moreover, Immunobloting analyses using an antibody that recognizes p70S6K1 phosphorylated at Thr389 showed that niacin evoked p70S6K1 activation via the PI3K/Akt pathway. The results of our study provide new insight into the signaling pathways involved in HCA2 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huawang Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guo Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yena Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Jianxin Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail: (NZ); (JL)
| | - Naiming Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail: (NZ); (JL)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Merino JJ, Bellver-Landete V, Oset-Gasque MJ, Cubelos B. CXCR4/CXCR7 Molecular Involvement in Neuronal and Neural Progenitor Migration: Focus in CNS Repair. J Cell Physiol 2014; 230:27-42. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Joaquín Merino
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Dept II; Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Madrid Spain
- Instituto de Investigación; Neuroquímica (IUIN), UCM; Madrid Spain
| | - Victor Bellver-Landete
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Dept II; Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Madrid Spain
| | - María Jesús Oset-Gasque
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Dept II; Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Madrid Spain
- Instituto de Investigación; Neuroquímica (IUIN), UCM; Madrid Spain
| | - Beatriz Cubelos
- Departamento de Biología Molecular; Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO); Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Alcántara-Hernández R, Hernández-Méndez A, García-Sáinz JA. The phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 inhibitor, UCN-01, induces fragmentation: possible role of metalloproteinases. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 740:88-96. [PMID: 25016091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) is a key enzyme, master regulator of cellular proliferation and metabolism; it is considered a key target for pharmacological intervention. Using membranes obtained from DDT1 MF-2 cells, phospho-PDK1 was identified by Western blotting, as two major protein bands of Mr 58-68 kDa. Cell incubation with the PDK1 inhibitor, UCN-01, induced a time- and concentration-dependent decrease in the amount of phospho-PDK1 with a concomitant appearance of a ≈42 kDa phosphorylated fragment. Knocking down PDK1 diminished the amount of phospho-PDK1 detected in membranes, accompanied by similarly decreased fragment generation. UCN-01-induced fragment generation was also observed in membranes from cells stably expressing a myc-tagged PDK1 construct. Other PDK1 inhibitors were also tested: OSU-03012 induced a clear decrease in phospho-PDK1 and increased the presence of the phosphorylated fragment in membrane preparations; in contrast, GSK2334470 and staurosporine induced only marginal increases in the amount of PDK1 fragment. Galardin and batimastat, two metalloproteinase inhibitors, markedly attenuated inhibitor-induced PDK1 fragment generation. Metalloproteinases 2, 3, and 9 co-immunoprecipitated with myc-PDK1 under baseline conditions and this interaction was stimulated by UCN-01; batimastat also markedly diminished this effect of the PDK1 inhibitor. Our results indicate that a series of protein kinase inhibitors, namely UCN-01 and OSU-03012 and to a lesser extent GSK2334470 and staurosporine induce PDK1 fragmentation and suggest that metalloproteinases could participate in this effect.
Collapse
Key Words
- Batimastat (BB-94) (CID 5362422). Galardin (GM 6001) (PubChem CID 132519)
- GSK2334470, (3S,6R)-1-[6-(3-amino-1H-indazol-6-yl)-2-(methylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]-N-cyclohexyl-6-methyl-3-piperidinecarboxamide. ) (PubChem CID 46215815)
- OSU-03012, (2-amino-N-[4-[5-(2-phenanthrenyl)-3-trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]-acetamide) (PubChem CID 10027278)
- PDK1
- Protein fragmentation
- Protein kinase
- Protein kinase inhibitor
- Staurosporine (PubChem CID 44259)
- UCN-01
- UCN-01, (7-hydroxystaurosporine (3R*,8S*, 9R*, 10R*,12R*)-2,3,9,10,11,12-hexahydro-3-hydroxy-9-methoxy-8-methyl-10-(methylamino)-8,12-epoxy-1H, 8H-2,7b,12a-triazadibenzo[a,g]-cyclonona[cde]triden-1-one) (PubChem CID 3078519)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Alcántara-Hernández
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-248, México DF 04510, México
| | - Aurelio Hernández-Méndez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-248, México DF 04510, México
| | - J Adolfo García-Sáinz
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-248, México DF 04510, México.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chen L, He X, Zhang Y, Chen X, Lai X, Shao J, Shi Y, Zhou N. Melatonin receptor type 1 signals to extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 via Gi and Gs dually coupled pathways in HEK-293 cells. Biochemistry 2014; 53:2827-39. [PMID: 24724723 DOI: 10.1021/bi500092e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The pineal gland hormone melatonin exerts its regulatory roles in a variety of physiological and pathological responses through two G protein-coupled receptors, melatonin receptor type 1 (MT1) and melatonin receptor type 2 (MT2), which have been recognized as promising targets in the treatment of a number of human diseases and disorders. The MT1 receptor was identified nearly 20 years ago; however, the molecular mechanisms by which MT1-mediated signaling affects physiology remain to be further elucidated. In this study, using HEK293 cells stably expressing the human MT1 receptor, melatonin induced a concentration-dependent activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2). The melatonin-mediated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 at later time points (≥5 min) was strongly suppressed by pretreatment with pertussis toxin, but only a slight, if any, inhibition of ERK1/2 activation at early time points (≤2 min) was detected. Further experiments demonstrated that the Gβγ subunit, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and calcium-insensitive protein kinase C were involved in the MT1-mediated activation of ERK1/2 at later time points (≥5 min). Moreover, results derived from cAMP assays combined with a MT1 mutant indicated that the human MT1 receptor could also couple to Gs protein, stimulating intracellular cAMP formation, and that the MT1-induced activation of ERK1/2 at early time points (≤2 min) was mediated by the Gs/cAMP/PKA cascade. Our findings may provide new insights into the pharmacological effects and physiological functions modulated by the MT1-mediated activation of ERK1/2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Distinct pathways of ERK1/2 activation by hydroxy-carboxylic acid receptor-1. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93041. [PMID: 24671202 PMCID: PMC3966839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanistic investigations have shown that, upon agonist activation, hydroxy-carboxylic acid receptor-1(HCA1) couples to a Gi protein and inhibits adenylate cyclase activity, leading to inhibition of liberation of free fatty acid. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for HCA1 signaling remain largely unknown. Using CHO-K1 cells stably expressing HCA1, and L6 cells, which endogenously express rat HCA1 receptors, we found that activation of ERK1/2 by HCA1 was rapid, peaking at 5 min, and was significantly blocked by pertussis toxin. Furthermore, time course experiments with different kinase inhibitors demonstrated that HCA1 induced ERK1/2 activation via the extracellular Ca2+, PKC and IGF-I receptor transactivation-dependent pathways. In addition, we observed that pretreated the cells with M119K, an inhibitor of Gβγ subunit-dependent signaling, effectively attenuated the ERK1/2 activation triggered by HCA1, suggesting a critical role for βγ-subunits in HCA1-activated ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Furthermore, the present results also indicated that the arrestin2/3 were not required for ERK1/2 activation. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that upon binding to agonist, HCA1 receptors initially activate Gi, leading to dissociation of the Gβγ subunit from activated Gi, and subsequently induce ERK1/2 activation via two distinct pathways: one PKC-dependent pathway and the other IGF-IR transactivation-dependent pathway. Our results provide the first in-depth evidence that defines the molecular mechanism of HCA1-mediated ERK1/2 activation.
Collapse
|
46
|
Agarwal R, Agarwal P. Newer targets for modulation of intraocular pressure: focus on adenosine receptor signaling pathways. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 18:527-39. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.888416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
47
|
O'Hayre M, Degese MS, Gutkind JS. Novel insights into G protein and G protein-coupled receptor signaling in cancer. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2014; 27:126-35. [PMID: 24508914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a central role in signal transmission, thereby controlling many facets of cellular function. Overwhelming evidence now implicates GPCRs, G proteins and their downstream signaling targets in cancer initiation and progression, where they can influence aberrant cell growth and survival, largely through activation of AKT/mTOR, MAPKs, and Hippo signaling pathways. GPCRs also play critical roles in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells via activation of Rho GTPases and cytoskeletal changes, and angiogenesis to supply the tumor with nutrients and provide routes for metastasis. Lastly, GPCRs contribute to the establishment and maintenance of a permissive tumor microenvironment. Understanding GPCR involvement in cancer malignancy may help identify novel therapeutic opportunities for cancer prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan O'Hayre
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maria S Degese
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - J Silvio Gutkind
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Suo C, Sun L, Yang S. Alpinetin activates the δ receptor instead of the κ and μ receptor pathways to protect against rat myocardial cell apoptosis. Exp Ther Med 2013; 7:109-116. [PMID: 24348774 PMCID: PMC3861512 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2013.1359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpinetin is a natural flavonoid that protects cells against fatal injury in ischemia-reperfusion. δ receptor activation protects myocardial cells from trauma; however, the mechanism is unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the function of alpinetin in δ receptor-mediated myocardial apoptosis. The myocardial cells of newly born rats were cultivated and myocardial apoptosis was induced by serum deprivation. The MTT method was used to evaluate cell viability and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) staining was used to analyze apoptosis. The expression levels of opioid receptor mRNA and protein were tested using reverse transcription-polymerase reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot assays. In addition, an opioid receptor antagonist, as well as protein kinase C (PKC) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitors, were used to determine the inferred signaling pathway. The results showed that that alpinetin reduced the myocardial apoptosis induced by serum deprivation in a concentration-dependent manner. However, the protection conferred to the myocardial cells by alpinetin was blocked by the δ opioid receptor antagonist naltrindole, as well as by PKC and ERK inhibitors (GF109203X and U0126, respectively). In addition, it was shown that alpinetin was able to maintain the stability of the mitochondrial membrane potential, lower the level of intracytoplasmic cytochrome c and reduce Bax displacement from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria. It was concluded that alpinetin was able to activate δ receptors to induce the endogenous protection of myocardial cells via the PKC/ERK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuantao Suo
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing General Hospital Group Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Libo Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Jia XY, Chang Y, Sun XJ, Wu HX, Wang C, Xu HM, Zhang L, Zhang LL, Zheng YQ, Song LH, Wei W. Total glucosides of paeony inhibit the proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes through the regulation of G proteins in rats with collagen-induced arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 18:1-6. [PMID: 24161745 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of G proteins in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) from rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and to determine the effect of total glucosides of paeony (TGP). CIA rats were induced with chicken type II collagen (CCII) in Freund's complete adjuvant. The rats with experimental arthritis were randomly separated into five groups and then treated with TGP (25, 50, and 100mg/kg) from days 14 to 35 after immunization. The secondary inflammatory reactions were evaluated through the polyarthritis index and histopathological changes. The level of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was measured by radioimmunoassay. The FLS proliferation response was determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of G proteins was performed through autoradiography. The results show that TGP (25, 50, and 100mg/kg) significantly decreased the arthritis scores of CIA rats and improved the histopathological changes. TGP inhibited the proliferation of FLSs and increased the level of cAMP. Moreover, the FLS proliferation and the level of Gαi expression were significantly increased, but the level of Gαs expression was decreased after stimulation with IL-1β (10ng/ml) in vitro. TGP (12.5 and 62.5μg/ml) significantly inhibited the FLS proliferation and regulated the balance between Gαi and Gαs. These results demonstrate that TGP may exert its anti-inflammatory effects through the suppression of FLS proliferation, which may be associated with its ability to regulate the balance of G proteins. Thus, TGP may have potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Jia
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of the Education Ministry of China, Hefei 230032, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei 230088, China.
| | - Yan Chang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of the Education Ministry of China, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Xiao-Jing Sun
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of the Education Ministry of China, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hua-Xun Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of the Education Ministry of China, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Chun Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of the Education Ministry of China, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hong-Mei Xu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of the Education Ministry of China, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of the Education Ministry of China, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ling-Ling Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of the Education Ministry of China, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yong-Qiu Zheng
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of the Education Ministry of China, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Li-Hua Song
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of the Education Ministry of China, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of the Education Ministry of China, Hefei 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Stimulation of α1-adrenoceptor or angiotensin type 1 receptor enhances DNA synthesis in human-induced pluripotent stem cells via Gq-coupled receptor-dependent signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 714:202-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|