1
|
Ikier S, Dönerkayalı C, Halıcı ÖS, Kaymak Gülseren ZA, Göksal H, Akbaş B. When is memory more reliable? Scientific findings, theories, and myths. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2024; 31:77-94. [PMID: 35944506 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2107928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The question of whether human memory is reliable generated extensive research. Memory is open to reconstruction and false retrieval of unpresented information or unexperienced events. These can create problems in judgments and decisions that rely on memory accuracy. In the case of eyewitness testimony, these problems can result in injustice. Then again, memory is also reliable enough. Information acquisition, processing, and retrieval capacity of our memory made it possible to survive the course of evolution. Our memory also makes it possible to continue our daily lives, most of the time without major problems. In the present review, we suggest that the right question to ask may not be whether memory is reliable, but rather to ask when and under what circumstances memory is more reliable. The review's educational aim is to identify the conditions under which memory is more versus less reliable, and its theoretical aim is to discuss memory reliability. We reviewed the literature on situational, emotional, social, and individual difference variables that affect memory reliability, identified the conditions under which memory is more versus less reliable, summarized these outcomes as easy-to-reach items, and discussed them in the light of major theories. Our discussion also touched upon the differentiation of societal myths about the reliability of memory from scientific findings, since believing in memory myths can also affect the reliability of memory. Awareness of the specific circumstances under which memory is more reliable can lead to the consideration of how much memory can be trusted under those specific circumstances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simay Ikier
- Department of Psychology, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Hilal Göksal
- Department of Psychology, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Busenur Akbaş
- Department of Psychology, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dreer B. On the outcomes of teacher wellbeing: a systematic review of research. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1205179. [PMID: 37575417 PMCID: PMC10421665 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1205179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Teacher wellbeing is a growing area of research that has seen a steady increase in publications in recent years. The subsequent need to synthesize and structure this existing research has been articulated and addressed by a handful of systematic research reviews. However, no previous reviews have examined the potential outcomes of teacher wellbeing as a primary theme. Methods Following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, this review has identified and evaluated the studies investigating the possible outcomes of teacher wellbeing. A keyword search identified 397 records. After the records were screened, 44 research studies analyzing data from over 76,990 teachers were included in this in-depth analysis; the concepts, methods and findings of these studies were examined. Results and discussion The results of this review highlight the significant relationship of teacher wellbeing with several factors and desirable outcomes, including teachers' sleep quality, teacher retention, teacher-student relationships, and student outcomes. However, only a few of the included studies employed methodologies that support causal interpretations of these effects. In light of the present findings, this paper offers three main recommendations to support future progress in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Dreer
- Erfurt School of Education, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ednie G, Kapoor T, Koppel O, Piczak ML, Reid JL, Murdoch AD, Cook CN, Sutherland WJ, Cooke SJ. Foresight science in conservation: Tools, barriers, and mainstreaming opportunities. AMBIO 2023; 52:411-424. [PMID: 36287382 PMCID: PMC9607712 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-022-01786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Foresight science is a systematic approach to generate future predictions for planning and management by drawing upon analytical and predictive tools to understand the past and present, while providing insights about the future. To illustrate the application of foresight science in conservation, we present three case studies: identification of emerging risks to conservation, conservation of at-risk species, and aid in the development of management strategies for multiple stressors. We highlight barriers to mainstreaming foresight science in conservation including knowledge accessibility/organization, communication across diverse stakeholders/decision makers, and organizational capacity. Finally, we investigate opportunities for mainstreaming foresight science including continued advocacy to showcase its application, incorporating emerging technologies (i.e., artificial intelligence) to increase capacity/decrease costs, and increasing education/training in foresight science via specialized courses and curricula for trainees and practicing professionals. We argue that failure to mainstream foresight science will hinder the ability to achieve future conservation objectives in the Anthropocene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Ednie
- Biology Department, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave. E, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Tyreen Kapoor
- Biology Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Olga Koppel
- Biology Department, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave. E, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Morgan L. Piczak
- Biology Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Jessica L. Reid
- Biology Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Alyssa D. Murdoch
- Biology Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- Wildlife Conservation Society Canada, 169 Titanium Way, Whitehorse, YK Y1A 0E9 Canada
| | - Carly N. Cook
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - William J. Sutherland
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ UK
- Biosecurity Research Initiative at St Catharine’s (BioRISC), St Catharine’s College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1RL UK
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Biology Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Myszewski JJ, Klossowski E, Schroeder KM, Schroeder CA. Utilization of sentiment analysis to assess and compare negative finding reporting in veterinary and human literature. Res Vet Sci 2022; 148:27-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
5
|
Kelvington BA, Nickl-Jockschat T, Abel T. Neurobiological insights into twice-exceptionality: Circuits, cells, and molecules. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2022; 195:107684. [PMID: 36174887 PMCID: PMC9888516 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2022.107684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Twice-exceptional learners face a unique set of challenges arising from the intersection of extraordinary talent and disability. Neurobiology research has the capacity to complement pedagogical research and provide support for twice-exceptional learners. Very few studies have attempted to specifically address the neurobiological underpinnings of twice-exceptionality. However, neurobiologists have built a broad base of knowledge in nervous system function spanning from the level of neural circuits to the molecular basis of behavior. It is known that distinct neural circuits mediate different neural functions, which suggests that 2e learning may result from enhancement in one circuit and disruption in another. Neural circuits are known to adapt and change in response to experience, a cellular process known as neuroplasticity. Plasticity is controlled by a bidirectional connection between the synapse, where neural signals are received, and the nucleus, where regulated gene expression can return to alter synaptic function. Complex molecular mechanisms compose this connection in distinct neural circuits, and genetic alterations in these mechanisms are associated with both memory enhancements and psychiatric disorder. Understanding the consequences of these changes at the molecular, cellular, and circuit levels will provide critical insights into the neurobiological bases of twice-exceptionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Kelvington
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Thomas Nickl-Jockschat
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ted Abel
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kelly BC, Vuolo M. Do naloxone access laws affect perceived risk of heroin use? Evidence from national US data. Addiction 2022; 117:666-676. [PMID: 34617356 PMCID: PMC8844056 DOI: 10.1111/add.15682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Whether expanded access to naloxone reduces perceptions of risk about opioid use has been subject to debate. Our aim was to assess how implementation of naloxone access laws shapes perceived risk of heroin use. DESIGN Using data from the restricted-access National Survey on Drug Use and Health, Prescription Drug Abuse Policy System and the US Census, we applied two-way fixed-effects models to determine whether naloxone access laws decreased perceived risk of any heroin use or regular heroin use. We used Bayes factors (BFs) to confirm evidence for null findings. SETTING United States. PARTICIPANTS A total of 884 800 respondents aged 12 and older from 2004 to 2016. MEASUREMENTS A binary indicator of whether a state implemented naloxone access laws was regressed on respondent-perceived risk of (1) any heroin use and (2) regular heroin use. Ratings of perceived risk were assessed on a scale of 1 (none) to 4 (great risk). FINDINGS In all instances, the BFs support evidence for the null hypothesis. Across models with three distinct specifications of naloxone access laws, we found no evidence of decreased risk perceptions, as confirmed by BFs ranging from 0.009 to 0.057. Across models of specific vulnerable subgroups, such as people who use opioids (BFs = 0.039-0.225) or young people (BFs = 0.009-0.158), we found no evidence of decreased risk perceptions. Across diverse subpopulations by gender (BFs = 0.011-0.083), socio-economic status (BFs = 0.015-0.168) or race/ethnicity (BFs = 0.016-0.094), we found no evidence of decreased risk perceptions. CONCLUSIONS There appears to be no empirical evidence that implementation of naloxone access laws has adversely affected perceptions of risk of heroin in the broader US population or within vulnerable subgroups or diverse subpopulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mike Vuolo
- The Ohio State University; Dept. of Sociology
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Koksharov YA, Gubin SP, Taranov IV, Khomutov GB, Gulyaev YV. Magnetic Nanoparticles in Medicine: Progress, Problems, and Advances. JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY AND ELECTRONICS 2022; 67:101-116. [PMCID: PMC8988108 DOI: 10.1134/s1064226922020073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The review presents an analysis of the current state of research related to the design, development, and practical application of methods for biomedical radioelectronics and nanomedicine, including the use of magnetic nanoparticles. The important role of rational scientific physical approaches and experimental methods in the design of efficient and safe magnetic nanoparticle-based agents for therapy, controlled targeted drug delivery, and diagnostics, including spatial imaging, is emphasized. Examples of successful practical application of magnetic nanoparticles in medicine based on these methods are given, and an analysis of the main problems and prospects of this area of science is conducted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu. A. Koksharov
- Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125009 Moscow, Russia
| | - S. P. Gubin
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - I. V. Taranov
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125009 Moscow, Russia
| | - G. B. Khomutov
- Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125009 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu. V. Gulyaev
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125009 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chu ECP, Morin A, Chang THC, Nguyen T, Tsai YC, Sharma A, Liu CC, Pavlidis P. Experiment level curation of transcriptional regulatory interactions in neurodevelopment. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009484. [PMID: 34665801 PMCID: PMC8565786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To facilitate the development of large-scale transcriptional regulatory networks (TRNs) that may enable in-silico analyses of disease mechanisms, a reliable catalogue of experimentally verified direct transcriptional regulatory interactions (DTRIs) is needed for training and validation. There has been a long history of using low-throughput experiments to validate single DTRIs. Therefore, we reason that a reliable set of DTRIs could be produced by curating the published literature for such evidence. In our survey of previous curation efforts, we identified the lack of details about the quantity and the types of experimental evidence to be a major gap, despite the theoretical importance of such details for the identification of bona fide DTRIs. We developed a curation protocol to inspect the published literature for support of DTRIs at the experiment level, focusing on genes important to the development of the mammalian nervous system. We sought to record three types of low-throughput experiments: Transcription factor (TF) perturbation, TF-DNA binding, and TF-reporter assays. Using this protocol, we examined a total of 1,310 papers to assemble a collection of 1,499 unique DTRIs, involving 251 TFs and 825 target genes, many of which were not reported in any other DTRI resource. The majority of DTRIs (965; 64%) were supported by two or more types of experimental evidence and 27% were supported by all three. Of the DTRIs with all three types of evidence, 170 had been tested using primary tissues or cells and 44 had been tested directly in the central nervous system. We used our resource to document research biases among reports towards a small number of well-studied TFs. To demonstrate a use case for this resource, we compared our curation to a previously published high-throughput perturbation screen and found significant enrichment of the curated targets among genes differentially expressed in the developing brain in response to Pax6 deletion. This study demonstrates a proof-of-concept for the assembly of a high resolution DTRI resource to support the development of large-scale TRNs. The capacity to computationally reconstruct gene regulatory networks using large-scale biological data is currently limited by the absence of a high confidence set of one-to-one regulatory interactions. Given the lengthy history of using small scale experimental assays to investigate individual interactions, we reason that a reliable collection of gene regulatory interactions could be compiled by systematically inspecting the published literature. To this end, we developed a curation protocol to examine and record evidence of regulatory interactions at the individual experiment level. Focusing on the area of brain development, we applied our pipeline to 1,310 publications. We identified 3,601 individual experiments, providing detailed information about 1,499 regulatory interactions. Many of these interactions have verified activity specifically in the embryonic brain. By capturing reports of regulatory interactions at this level of detail, we equip the users with more granular information than other similar resources, enabling more informed assessments of reliability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Ching-Pan Chu
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alexander Morin
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tak Hou Calvin Chang
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tue Nguyen
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yi-Cheng Tsai
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aman Sharma
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chao Chun Liu
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paul Pavlidis
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bhuiyan SA, Ly S, Phan M, Huntington B, Hogan E, Liu CC, Liu J, Pavlidis P. Systematic evaluation of isoform function in literature reports of alternative splicing. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:637. [PMID: 30153812 PMCID: PMC6114036 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although most genes in mammalian genomes have multiple isoforms, an ongoing debate is whether these isoforms are all functional as well as the extent to which they increase the functional repertoire of the genome. To ground this debate in data, it would be helpful to have a corpus of experimentally-verified cases of genes which have functionally distinct splice isoforms (FDSIs). RESULTS We established a curation framework for evaluating experimental evidence of FDSIs, and analyzed over 700 human and mouse genes, strongly biased towards genes that are prominent in the alternative splicing literature. Despite this bias, we found experimental evidence meeting the classical definition for functionally distinct isoforms for ~ 5% of the curated genes. If we relax our criteria for inclusion to include weaker forms of evidence, the fraction of genes with evidence of FDSIs remains low (~ 13%). We provide evidence that this picture will not change substantially with further curation and conclude there is a large gap between the presumed impact of splicing on gene function and the experimental evidence. Furthermore, many functionally distinct isoforms were not traceable to a specific isoform in Ensembl, a database that forms the basis for much computational research. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the claim that alternative splicing vastly increases the functional repertoire of the genome is an extrapolation from a limited number of empirically supported cases. We also conclude that more work is needed to integrate experimental evidence and genome annotation databases. Our work should help shape research around the role of splicing on gene function from presuming large general effects to acknowledging the need for stronger experimental evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shamsuddin A. Bhuiyan
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sophia Ly
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Minh Phan
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Brandon Huntington
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Ellie Hogan
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Chao Chun Liu
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - James Liu
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Paul Pavlidis
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de Rezende LFM, Rey-López JP, de Sá TH, Chartres N, Fabbri A, Powell L, Stamatakis E, Bero L. Reporting bias in the literature on the associations of health-related behaviors and statins with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2005761. [PMID: 29912869 PMCID: PMC6023226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2005761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reporting bias in the literature occurs when there is selective revealing or suppression of results, influenced by the direction of findings. We assessed the risk of reporting bias in the epidemiological literature on health-related behavior (tobacco, alcohol, diet, physical activity, and sedentary behavior) and cardiovascular disease mortality and all-cause mortality and provided a comparative assessment of reporting bias between health-related behavior and statin (in primary prevention) meta-analyses. We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Methodology Register Database, and Web of Science for systematic reviews synthesizing the associations of health-related behavior and statins with cardiovascular disease mortality and all-cause mortality published between 2010 and 2016. Risk of bias in systematic reviews was assessed using the ROBIS tool. Reporting bias in the literature was evaluated via small-study effect and excess significance tests. We included 49 systematic reviews in our study. The majority of these reviews exhibited a high overall risk of bias, with a higher extent in health-related behavior reviews, relative to statins. We reperformed 111 meta-analyses conducted across these reviews, of which 65% had statistically significant results (P < 0.05). Around 22% of health-related behavior meta-analyses showed small-study effect, as compared to none of statin meta-analyses. Physical activity and the smoking research areas had more than 40% of meta-analyses with small-study effect. We found evidence of excess significance in 26% of health-related behavior meta-analyses, as compared to none of statin meta-analyses. Half of the meta-analyses from physical activity, 26% from diet, 18% from sedentary behavior, 14% for smoking, and 12% from alcohol showed evidence of excess significance bias. These biases may be distorting the body of evidence available by providing inaccurate estimates of preventive effects on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Pablo Rey-López
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Thiago Hérick de Sá
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Nutrição e Saúde, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Nicholas Chartres
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alice Fabbri
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lauren Powell
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, Epidemiology Unit, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lisa Bero
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schmitz J, Metz GA, Güntürkün O, Ocklenburg S. Beyond the genome—Towards an epigenetic understanding of handedness ontogenesis. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 159:69-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
12
|
|
13
|
Evidence for overestimation of the prevalence of malignancy in indeterminate thyroid nodules classified as Bethesda category III. Surgery 2015; 157:510-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
14
|
|
15
|
Sun GH, MacEachern MP, Perla RJ, Gaines JM, Davis MM, Shrank WH. Health care quality improvement publication trends. Am J Med Qual 2013; 29:403-7. [PMID: 24101680 DOI: 10.1177/1062860613503708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To analyze the extent of academic interest in quality improvement (QI) initiatives in medical practice, annual publication trends for the most well-known QI methodologies being used in health care settings were analyzed. A total of 10 key medical- and business-oriented library databases were examined: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ABI/INFORM, and Business Source Complete. A total of 13 057 articles were identified that discuss at least 1 of 10 well-known QI concepts used in health care contexts, 8645 (66.2%) of which were classified as original research. "Total quality management" was the only methodology to demonstrate a significant decline in publication over time. "Continuous quality improvement" was the most common topic of study across all publication years, whereas articles discussing Lean methodology demonstrated the largest growth in publication volume over the past 2 decades. Health care QI publication volume increased substantially beginning in 1991.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gordon H Sun
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI VA Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, MI
| | | | - Rocco J Perla
- Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jean M Gaines
- Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tuszynski MH, Steward O. Concepts and methods for the study of axonal regeneration in the CNS. Neuron 2012; 74:777-91. [PMID: 22681683 PMCID: PMC3387806 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2012.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Progress in the field of axonal regeneration research has been like the process of axonal growth itself: there is steady progress toward reaching the target, but there are episodes of mistargeting, misguidance along false routes, and connections that must later be withdrawn. This primer will address issues in the study of axonal growth after central nervous system injury in an attempt to provide guidance toward the goal of progress in the field. We address definitions of axonal growth, sprouting and regeneration after injury, and the research tools to assess growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark H Tuszynski
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0662, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu JL. The role of the funnel plot in detecting publication and related biases in meta-analysis. Evid Based Dent 2011; 12:121-122. [PMID: 22193659 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ebd.6400831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Ly Liu
- The University of Dundee, Dental Health Services Research Unit, Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme, NHS Education for Scotland, Frankland Building, Small's Wynd Dundee DD1 4HN, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Worsening file-drawer problem in the abstracts of natural, medical and social science databases. Scientometrics 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11192-010-0233-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
19
|
Karsai S, Raulin C. Comparison of clinical outcome parameters, the Patient Benefit Index (PBI-k) and patient satisfaction after ablative fractional laser treatment of peri-orbital rhytides. Lasers Surg Med 2010; 42:215-23. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.20904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
20
|
Abstract
The goal of case-control association studies is to find genetic variants in the human genome that influence common traits. The Human Genome and HapMap projects have added fresh impetus to this goal by cataloguing the raw genetic data behind human DNA variation. Studies that associate these genetic variants with phenotype improve both molecular diagnostics and drug discovery and offer clinicians important opportunities to improve care of patients. In this review I focus on case-control studies, which are the most widely used design and expected to be the most powerful. I also address the problem of case-control non-replication, which is widespread despite enormous effort and use of resources. Important causes of non-replication include inadequate statistical power to detect small and moderate effects, phenotype heterogeneity, population stratification, publication bias, and multiple comparison testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Healy
- Institute of Neurology, Queen Square hospital, Lambert palace road, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Many potential therapeutic agents or drugs are evaluated in experimental animal laboratories, but in spite of interesting effects, they infrequently come into common clinical use. The reasons for this are reviewed. Agents studied previously and many being studied now are cited. Perhaps the biggest benefit of study of drugs in animals (other than for safety and toxicity) is to help us better understand the pathophysiology of disease.
Collapse
|