1
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Zeng Y, Ma G, Li H, Cheng X, Miao X. Significant Power Consumption Reduction and Speed Boosting in Phase Change Memory with Nanocurrent Channels. NANO LETTERS 2024. [PMID: 39316704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c03900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
The excessive power consumption is challenging for phase change memory (PCM) on its way to becoming universal memory in complex hierarchies of memory systems. Here, from the perspective of device structure, by adding a nanocurrent-channel (NCC) layer between the electrode layer and phase change layer, a RESET power consumption reduction by more than 95% and 10 times faster SET speed were realized simultaneously. Through the first principle calculations, Au and SiO2 were screened as the metal and insulating matrix material of NCC layer, respectively. Our PCM device with a Au-SiO2 NCC layer shows an ultralow RESET power consumption, down to 381 fJ, and an ultrafast SET speed (8 ns). Much higher current density near NCC in the phase change layer and thermal barrier effect of insulating matrix material were confirmed by finite element analysis (FEA), and the role of Au nanochannels was revealed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Our NCC layer structure provides a simple and practicable method to significantly decrease PCM power consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Zeng
- School of Integrated Circuits, Hubei Key Laboratory for Advanced Memories, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ge Ma
- School of Integrated Circuits, Hubei Key Laboratory for Advanced Memories, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Han Li
- School of Integrated Circuits, Hubei Key Laboratory for Advanced Memories, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaomin Cheng
- School of Integrated Circuits, Hubei Key Laboratory for Advanced Memories, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiangshui Miao
- School of Integrated Circuits, Hubei Key Laboratory for Advanced Memories, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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2
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Lee C, Kim D, Lim H, Seong Y, Kim H, Park JH, Yang D, Shin HJ, Wuttig M, Choi BJ, Cho MH. Ultrahigh Stability and Operation Performance in Bi-doped GeTe/Sb 2Te 3 Superlattices Achieved by Tailoring Bonding and Structural Properties. ACS NANO 2024; 18:25625-25635. [PMID: 39223725 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c06909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Changes in bond types and the reversible switching process between metavalent and covalent bonds are related to the operating mechanism of the phase-change (PC) behavior. Thus, controlling the bonding characteristics is the key to improving the PC memory performance. In this study, we have controlled the bonding characteristics of GeTe/Sb2Te3 superlattices (SLs) via bismuth (Bi) doping. The incorporation of Bi into the GeTe sublayers tailors the metavalent bond. We observed significant improvement in device reliability, set speed, and power consumption induced upon increasing Bi incorporation. The introduction of Bi was found to suppress the change in density between the SET and RESET states, resulting in a significant increase in device reliability. The reduction in Peierls distortion, leading to a more octahedral-like atomic arrangement, intensifies electron-phonon coupling with increased bond polarizability, which are responsible for the fast set speed and low power consumption. This study demonstrates how the structural and thermodynamic changes in phase change materials alter phase change characteristics due to systematic changes of bonding and provides an important methodology for the development of PC devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwoo Lee
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dasol Kim
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Physics, Physics of Novel Materials, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hyeonwook Lim
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonwoo Seong
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwook Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hwan Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Dogeon Yang
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jun Shin
- POSTECH, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80, Jigokro-127-beongil, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Matthias Wuttig
- Institute of Physics, Physics of Novel Materials, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Byung Joon Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Mann-Ho Cho
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of System Semiconductor Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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3
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Xu J, Luo Z, Chen L, Zhou X, Zhang H, Zheng Y, Wei L. Recent advances in flexible memristors for advanced computing and sensing. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:4015-4036. [PMID: 38919028 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00291a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Conventional computing systems based on von Neumann architecture face challenges such as high power consumption and limited data processing capability. Improving device performance via scaling guided by Moore's Law becomes increasingly difficult. Emerging memristors can provide a promising solution for achieving high-performance computing systems with low power consumption. In particular, the development of flexible memristors is an important topic for wearable electronics, which can lead to intelligent systems in daily life with high computing capacity and efficiency. Here, recent advances in flexible memristors are reviewed, from operating mechanisms and typical materials to representative applications. Potential directions and challenges for future study in this area are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Xu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Ziwang Luo
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Long Chen
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Haozhe Zhang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Yuanjin Zheng
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
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4
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Wang Y, Hu Y. Resistance behavior of Sb7Se3 thin films based on flexible mica substrate. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:084713. [PMID: 39212210 DOI: 10.1063/5.0224567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we explored the resistivity behavior of Sb7Se3 thin films on flexible mica. The films maintained their resistance characteristics through various thicknesses and bending cycles. With increasing bends, resistivity and phase transition temperature of both amorphous and crystalline states rose, while the resistance drift coefficient gradually increased. Raman and near infrared experiments confirmed the internal structural changes and bandgap enhancement after bending. Transmission electron microscopy showed enhanced crystallization and uniform element distribution after annealing. Atomic force microscopy observed cracks, explaining the property changes. Additionally, we developed a flexible Sb7Se3 thin-film resistive device with swift reversibility (∼10 ns) regardless of bending, opening new avenues for flexible information storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Yifeng Hu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213000, China
- Engineering Research Center of Digital Imaging and Display, Ministry of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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5
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Park SO, Hong S, Sung SJ, Kim D, Seo S, Jeong H, Park T, Cho WJ, Kim J, Choi S. Phase-change memory via a phase-changeable self-confined nano-filament. Nature 2024; 628:293-298. [PMID: 38570686 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07230-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Phase-change memory (PCM) has been considered a promising candidate for solving von Neumann bottlenecks owing to its low latency, non-volatile memory property and high integration density1,2. However, PCMs usually require a large current for the reset process by melting the phase-change material into an amorphous phase, which deteriorates the energy efficiency2-5. Various studies have been conducted to reduce the operation current by minimizing the device dimensions, but this increases the fabrication cost while the reduction of the reset current is limited6,7. Here we show a device for reducing the reset current of a PCM by forming a phase-changeable SiTex nano-filament. Without sacrificing the fabrication cost, the developed nano-filament PCM achieves an ultra-low reset current (approximately 10 μA), which is about one to two orders of magnitude smaller than that of highly scaled conventional PCMs. The device maintains favourable memory characteristics such as a large on/off ratio, fast speed, small variations and multilevel memory properties. Our finding is an important step towards developing novel computing paradigms for neuromorphic computing systems, edge processors, in-memory computing systems and even for conventional memory applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- See-On Park
- The School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokman Hong
- The School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Sung
- The School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawon Kim
- The School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokho Seo
- The School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakcheon Jeong
- The School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehoon Park
- The School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Joon Cho
- Device Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehwan Kim
- Device Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shinhyun Choi
- The School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Hui J, Hu Q, Yuan H, Shi R, Huang X, Wu Y, Ren Y, Zhang Z, Wang H. High-Throughput Study of Amorphous Stability and Optical Properties of Superlattice-Like Ge-Sb-Te Thin Films. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307792. [PMID: 38037483 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
A high-throughput ion beam sputtering system is used to synthesize compositional gradient superlattice-like (SLL) thin film libraries of Ge-Sb-Te alloys over the entire phase diagram. The optical properties and structural evolution of the Ge-Sb-Te combinatorial SLL thin film are investigated. A systematic screening over the annealing temperature, annealing time, and modulation period has elucidated the critical factors that affect the stability of the metastable phase and optical properties. It is found that amorphous stability and optical constant are highly dependent on the modulation period and chemical composition of the thin film. This data-driven approach offers new perspectives for accelerating the development of new materials with excellent optical and amorphous stability and for exploring their mechanisms, by greatly expanding the dataset of Ge-Sb-Te alloys with SLL structures through high-throughput experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qingyun Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hongjian Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ruiqian Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Boyue Instruments Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Yang Ren
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 9999077, China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Materials and Precision Forming, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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7
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Wang H, Guan Z, Li J, Luo Z, Du X, Wang Z, Zhao H, Shen S, Yin Y, Li X. Silicon-Compatible Ferroelectric Tunnel Junctions with a SiO 2/Hf 0.5Zr 0.5O 2 Composite Barrier as Low-Voltage and Ultra-High-Speed Memristors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2211305. [PMID: 38291852 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The big data era requires ultrafast, low-power, and silicon-compatible materials and devices for information storage and processing. Here, ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) based on SiO2/Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 composite barrier and both conducting electrodes are designed and fabricated on Si substrates. The FTJ achieves the fastest write speed of 500 ps under 5 V (2 orders of magnitude faster than reported silicon-compatible FTJs) or 10 ns speed at a low voltage of 1.5 V (the lowest voltage among FTJs at similar speeds), low write current density of 1.3 × 104 A cm-2, 8 discrete states, good retention > 105 s at 85 °C, and endurance > 107. In addition, it provides a large read current (88 A cm-2) at 0.1 V, 2 orders of magnitude larger than reported FTJs. Interestingly, in FTJ-based synapses, gradually tunable conductance states (128 states) with high linearity (<1) are obtained by 10 ns pulses of <1.2 V, and a high accuracy of 91.8% in recognizing fashion product images is achieved by online neural network simulations. These results highlight that silicon-compatible HfO2-based FTJs are promising for high-performance nonvolatile memories and electrical synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Guan
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jiachen Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Luo
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xinzhe Du
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Zhao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shengchun Shen
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yuewei Yin
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
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8
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Cai D, Yang Z, Tong R, Huang H, Zhang C, Xia Y. Binder-Free MOF-Based and MOF-Derived Nanoarrays for Flexible Electrochemical Energy Storage: Progress and Perspectives. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305778. [PMID: 37948356 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The fast development of Internet of Things and the rapid advent of next-generation versatile wearable electronics require cost-effective and highly-efficient electroactive materials for flexible electrochemical energy storage devices. Among various electroactive materials, binder-free nanostructured arrays have attracted widespread attention. Featured with growing on a conductive and flexible substrate without using inactive and insulating binders, binder-free 3D nanoarray electrodes facilitate fast electron/ion transportation and rapid reaction kinetics with more exposed active sites, maintain structure integrity of electrodes even under bending or twisted conditions, readily release generated joule heat during charge/discharge cycles and achieve enhanced gravimetric capacity of the whole device. Binder-free metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoarrays and/or MOF-derived nanoarrays with high surface area and unique porous structure have emerged with great potential in energy storage field and been extensively exploited in recent years. In this review, common substrates used for binder-free nanoarrays are compared and discussed. Various MOF-based and MOF-derived nanoarrays, including metal oxides, sulfides, selenides, nitrides, phosphides and nitrogen-doped carbons, are surveyed and their electrochemical performance along with their applications in flexible energy storage are analyzed and overviewed. In addition, key technical issues and outlooks on future development of MOF-based and MOF-derived nanoarrays toward flexible energy storage are also offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Cai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Power Battery, School of Mathematics, Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, 442002, P. R. China
| | - Zhuxian Yang
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QF, UK
| | - Rui Tong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Power Battery, School of Mathematics, Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, 442002, P. R. China
| | - Haiming Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Power Battery, School of Mathematics, Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, 442002, P. R. China
| | - Chuankun Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Power Battery, School of Mathematics, Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, 442002, P. R. China
| | - Yongde Xia
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QF, UK
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9
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Zhang Y, Meng Y, Wang L, Lan C, Quan Q, Wang W, Lai Z, Wang W, Li Y, Yin D, Li D, Xie P, Chen D, Yang Z, Yip S, Lu Y, Wong CY, Ho JC. Pulse irradiation synthesis of metal chalcogenides on flexible substrates for enhanced photothermoelectric performance. Nat Commun 2024; 15:728. [PMID: 38272917 PMCID: PMC10810900 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44970-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
High synthesis temperatures and specific growth substrates are typically required to obtain crystalline or oriented inorganic functional thin films, posing a significant challenge for their utilization in large-scale, low-cost (opto-)electronic applications on conventional flexible substrates. Here, we explore a pulse irradiation synthesis (PIS) to prepare thermoelectric metal chalcogenide (e.g., Bi2Se3, SnSe2, and Bi2Te3) films on multiple polymeric substrates. The self-propagating combustion process enables PIS to achieve a synthesis temperature as low as 150 °C, with an ultrafast reaction completed within one second. Beyond the photothermoelectric (PTE) property, the thermal coupling between polymeric substrates and bismuth selenide films is also examined to enhance the PTE performance, resulting in a responsivity of 71.9 V/W and a response time of less than 50 ms at 1550 nm, surpassing most of its counterparts. This PIS platform offers a promising route for realizing flexible PTE or thermoelectric devices in an energy-, time-, and cost-efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - You Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China.
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Changyong Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P.R. China
| | - Quan Quan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Zhengxun Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Yezhan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Di Yin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Dengji Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Pengshan Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - SenPo Yip
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 816 8580, Japan
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Yuen Wong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China.
| | - Johnny C Ho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China.
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 816 8580, Japan.
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10
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Wu X, Khan AI, Lee H, Hsu CF, Zhang H, Yu H, Roy N, Davydov AV, Takeuchi I, Bao X, Wong HSP, Pop E. Novel nanocomposite-superlattices for low energy and high stability nanoscale phase-change memory. Nat Commun 2024; 15:13. [PMID: 38253559 PMCID: PMC10803317 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42792-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Data-centric applications are pushing the limits of energy-efficiency in today's computing systems, including those based on phase-change memory (PCM). This technology must achieve low-power and stable operation at nanoscale dimensions to succeed in high-density memory arrays. Here we use a novel combination of phase-change material superlattices and nanocomposites (based on Ge4Sb6Te7), to achieve record-low power density ≈ 5 MW/cm2 and ≈ 0.7 V switching voltage (compatible with modern logic processors) in PCM devices with the smallest dimensions to date (≈ 40 nm) for a superlattice technology on a CMOS-compatible substrate. These devices also simultaneously exhibit low resistance drift with 8 resistance states, good endurance (≈ 2 × 108 cycles), and fast switching (≈ 40 ns). The efficient switching is enabled by strong heat confinement within the superlattice materials and the nanoscale device dimensions. The microstructural properties of the Ge4Sb6Te7 nanocomposite and its high crystallization temperature ensure the fast-switching speed and stability in our superlattice PCM devices. These results re-establish PCM technology as one of the frontrunners for energy-efficient data storage and computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjin Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Asir Intisar Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hengyuan Lee
- Corporate Research, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC), Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Feng Hsu
- Corporate Research, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC), Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Huairuo Zhang
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Theiss Research, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Heshan Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Neel Roy
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Albert V Davydov
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Ichiro Takeuchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Xinyu Bao
- Corporate Research, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC), San Jose, CA, USA
| | - H-S Philip Wong
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eric Pop
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Precourt Institute for Energy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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11
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Schenk FM, Zellweger T, Kumaar D, Bošković D, Wintersteller S, Solokha P, De Negri S, Emboras A, Wood V, Yarema M. Phase-Change Memory from Molecular Tellurides. ACS NANO 2024; 18:1063-1072. [PMID: 38117038 PMCID: PMC10786157 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Phase-change memory (PCM) is an emerging memory technology based on the resistance contrast between the crystalline and amorphous states of a material. Further development and realization of PCM as a mainstream memory technology rely on innovative materials and inexpensive fabrication methods. Here, we propose a generalizable and scalable solution-processing approach to synthesize phase-change telluride inks in order to meet demands for high-throughput material screening, increased energy efficiency, and advanced device architectures. Bulk tellurides, such as Sb2Te3, GeTe, Sc2Te3, and TiTe2, are dissolved and purified to obtain inks of molecular metal telluride complexes. This allowed us to unlock a wide range of solution-processed ternary tellurides by the simple mixing of binary inks. We demonstrate accurate and quantitative composition control, including prototype materials (Ge-Sb-Te) and emerging rare-earth-metal telluride-doped materials (Sc-Sb-Te). Spin-coating and annealing convert ink formulations into high-quality, phase-pure telluride films with preferred orientation along the (00l) direction. Deposition engineering of liquid tellurides enables thickness-tunable films, infilling of nanoscale vias, and film preparation on flexible substrates. Finally, we demonstrate cyclable and non-volatile prototype memory devices, achieving performance indicators such as resistance contrast and low reset energy on par with state-of-the-art sputtered PCM layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian M Schenk
- Chemistry and Materials Design Group, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 35, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Till Zellweger
- Integrated Systems Laboratory, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 35, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dhananjeya Kumaar
- Chemistry and Materials Design Group, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 35, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Darijan Bošković
- Chemistry and Materials Design Group, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 35, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Wintersteller
- Chemistry and Materials Design Group, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 35, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pavlo Solokha
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Serena De Negri
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Alexandros Emboras
- Integrated Systems Laboratory, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 35, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Wood
- Materials and Device Engineering Group, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 35, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maksym Yarema
- Chemistry and Materials Design Group, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 35, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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12
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Chen S, Ju Y, Yang Y, Xiang F, Yao Z, Zhang H, Li Y, Zhang Y, Xiang S, Chen B, Zhang Z. Multistate structures in a hydrogen-bonded polycatenation non-covalent organic framework with diverse resistive switching behaviors. Nat Commun 2024; 15:298. [PMID: 38182560 PMCID: PMC10770064 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The inherent structural flexibility and reversibility of non-covalent organic frameworks have enabled them to exhibit switchable multistate structures under external stimuli, providing great potential in the field of resistive switching (RS), but not well explored yet. Herein, we report the 0D+1D hydrogen-bonded polycatenation non-covalent organic framework (HOF-FJU-52), exhibiting diverse and reversible RS behaviors with the high performance. Triggered by the external stimulus of electrical field E at room temperature, HOF-FJU-52 has excellent resistive random-access memory (RRAM) behaviors, comparable to the state-of-the-art materials. When cooling down below 200 K, it was transferred to write-once-read-many-times memory (WORM) behaviors. The two memory behaviors exhibit reversibility on a single crystal device through the temperature changes. The RS mechanism of this non-covalent organic framework has been deciphered at the atomic level by the detailed single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, demonstrating that the structural dual-flexibility both in the asymmetric hydrogen bonded dimers within the 0D loops and in the infinite π-π stacking column between the loops and chains contribute to reversible structure transformations between multi-states and thus to its dual RS behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Ju
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Yisi Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Fahui Xiang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Zizhu Yao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Yunbin Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Yongfan Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Shengchang Xiang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Banglin Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Zhangjing Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China.
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13
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Yun Q, Ge Y, Shi Z, Liu J, Wang X, Zhang A, Huang B, Yao Y, Luo Q, Zhai L, Ge J, Peng Y, Gong C, Zhao M, Qin Y, Ma C, Wang G, Wa Q, Zhou X, Li Z, Li S, Zhai W, Yang H, Ren Y, Wang Y, Li L, Ruan X, Wu Y, Chen B, Lu Q, Lai Z, He Q, Huang X, Chen Y, Zhang H. Recent Progress on Phase Engineering of Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37962496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
As a key structural parameter, phase depicts the arrangement of atoms in materials. Normally, a nanomaterial exists in its thermodynamically stable crystal phase. With the development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials with unconventional crystal phases, which rarely exist in their bulk counterparts, or amorphous phase have been prepared using carefully controlled reaction conditions. Together these methods are beginning to enable phase engineering of nanomaterials (PEN), i.e., the synthesis of nanomaterials with unconventional phases and the transformation between different phases, to obtain desired properties and functions. This Review summarizes the research progress in the field of PEN. First, we present representative strategies for the direct synthesis of unconventional phases and modulation of phase transformation in diverse kinds of nanomaterials. We cover the synthesis of nanomaterials ranging from metal nanostructures such as Au, Ag, Cu, Pd, and Ru, and their alloys; metal oxides, borides, and carbides; to transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and 2D layered materials. We review synthesis and growth methods ranging from wet-chemical reduction and seed-mediated epitaxial growth to chemical vapor deposition (CVD), high pressure phase transformation, and electron and ion-beam irradiation. After that, we summarize the significant influence of phase on the various properties of unconventional-phase nanomaterials. We also discuss the potential applications of the developed unconventional-phase nanomaterials in different areas including catalysis, electrochemical energy storage (batteries and supercapacitors), solar cells, optoelectronics, and sensing. Finally, we discuss existing challenges and future research directions in PEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinbai Yun
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering & Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiyao Ge
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Xixi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - An Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Biao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qinxin Luo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingjie Ge
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yongwu Peng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Chengtao Gong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Meiting Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yutian Qin
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qingbo Wa
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xichen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yongji Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lujing Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinyang Ruan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuxuan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qipeng Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhuangchai Lai
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qiyuan He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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14
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Cai J, Gao K, Zhao R, Zhu R, Tong H, Miao X. Designing a Multilayered Oxygen Barrier Structure to Tackle Oxidation Challenges in Phase-Change Memory for Improved Reliability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:50499-50507. [PMID: 37862618 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Phase-change memory (PCM) is considered one of the most promising candidates for universal memory. However, during the manufacturing process of PCM, phase-change materials (PCMs) encounter severe oxidation, which can cause degraded performance and reduced stability of PCM, hindering its industrialization process. In this work, a multilayered oxygen barrier (MOB) structure is proposed to tackle this challenge. Material characterization shows that the MOB structure can significantly reduce the extent of oxidation of PCMs from around 70% to as low as around 10%, achieving a remarkably low level of oxidation. Moreover, the material in the MOB structure exhibits notable enhancements in crystallization temperature and cycling capability. The improved stability is attributed to the oxygen barrier effect and the suppression of elemental segregation within the material, which are both conferred by the MOB structure. In summary, this work provides an effective solution to address the oxidation of PCMs, offering valuable guidance for realizing a high-reliability PCM in practical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Cai
- School of Integrated Circuits, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ke Gao
- School of Integrated Circuits, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ruizhe Zhao
- School of Integrated Circuits, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Rongjiang Zhu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hao Tong
- School of Integrated Circuits, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Yangtze Memory Laboratories, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Xiangshui Miao
- School of Integrated Circuits, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Yangtze Memory Laboratories, Wuhan 430205, China
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15
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Niu Y, Li L, Qi Z, Aung HH, Han X, Tenne R, Yao Y, Zak A, Guo Y. 0D van der Waals interfacial ferroelectricity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5578. [PMID: 37907466 PMCID: PMC10618478 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The dimensional limit of ferroelectricity has been long explored. The critical contravention is that the downscaling of ferroelectricity leads to a loss of polarization. This work demonstrates a zero-dimensional ferroelectricity by the atomic sliding at the restrained van der Waals interface of crossed tungsten disufilde nanotubes. The developed zero-dimensional ferroelectric diode in this work presents not only non-volatile resistive memory, but also the programmable photovoltaic effect at the visible band. Benefiting from the intrinsic dimensional limitation, the zero-dimensional ferroelectric diode allows electrical operation at an ultra-low current. By breaking through the critical size of depolarization, this work demonstrates the ultimately downscaled interfacial ferroelectricity of zero-dimensional, and contributes to a branch of devices that integrates zero-dimensional ferroelectric memory, nano electro-mechanical system, and programmable photovoltaics in one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Niu
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiying Qi
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Hein Htet Aung
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Han
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Reshef Tenne
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yugui Yao
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Alla Zak
- Faculty of Sciences, Holon Institute of Technology, 52 Golomb Street, 5810201, Holon, Israel
| | - Yao Guo
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China.
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16
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Jiang K, Li S, Chen F, Zhu L, Li W. Microstructure characterization, phase transition, and device application of phase-change memory materials. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2023; 24:2252725. [PMID: 37745781 PMCID: PMC10512918 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2023.2252725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Phase-change memory (PCM), recently developed as the storage-class memory in a computer system, is a new non-volatile memory technology. In addition, the applications of PCM in a non-von Neumann computing, such as neuromorphic computing and in-memory computing, are being investigated. Although PCM-based devices have been extensively studied, several concerns regarding the electrical, thermal, and structural dynamics of phase-change devices remain. In this article, aiming at PCM devices, a comprehensive review of PCM materials is provided, including the primary PCM device mechanics that underpin read and write operations, physics-based modeling initiatives and experimental characterization of the many features examined in nanoscale PCM devices. Finally, this review will propose a prognosis on a few unsolved challenges and highlight research areas of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Jiang
- School of Arts and Sciences, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shubing Li
- Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- School of Arts and Sciences, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwu Li
- Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Meng G, Long F, Zeng Z, Kong L, Zhao B, Yan J, Yang L, Yang Y, Liu XY, Yan Z, Lin N. Silk fibroin based wearable electrochemical sensors with biomimetic enzyme-like activity constructed for durable and on-site health monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 228:115198. [PMID: 36921388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Flexible biomimetic sensors have encountered a bottleneck of sensitivity and durability, as the sensors must directly work within complex body fluid with ultra-trace biomarkers. In this work, a wearable electrochemical sensor on a modified silk fibroin substrate is developed using gold nanoparticles hosted into N-doped porous carbonizated silk fibroin (AuNPs@CSF) as active materials. Taking advantage of the inherent biocompatibility and flexibility of CSF, and the high stability and enzyme-like catalytic activity of AuNPs, AuNPs@CSF-based sensor exhibits durable stability and superior sensitivity to monitor H2O2 released from cancer cell (4T1) and glucose in sweat. The detection limits for H2O2 and glucose are low to be 1.88 μM and 23 μM respectively, and the sensor can be applied in succession within 30 days at room temperature. Further, physical cross-linking of polyurethane (PU) with SF well matches with the skin tissue mechanically and provides a flexible, robust and stable electrode-tissue interface. AuNPs@CSF is applied successfully for wearable electrochemical monitoring of glucose in human sweat.The present AuNPs@CSF will possess a potential application in clinical diagnosing of H2O2- or glucose-related diseases in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Meng
- Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, 422 Siming Nan Road, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Long
- Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, 422 Siming Nan Road, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng Zeng
- Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, 422 Siming Nan Road, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingqing Kong
- Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, 422 Siming Nan Road, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Bicheng Zhao
- Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, 422 Siming Nan Road, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Yan
- Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, 422 Siming Nan Road, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Likun Yang
- Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, 422 Siming Nan Road, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Yang
- Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, 422 Siming Nan Road, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Yang Liu
- Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, 422 Siming Nan Road, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengquan Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, 57 Jingxuan Xi Road, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China.
| | - Naibo Lin
- Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, 422 Siming Nan Road, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Zhao J, Khan AI, Efremov MY, Ye Z, Wu X, Kim K, Lee Z, Wong HSP, Pop E, Allen LH. Probing the Melting Transitions in Phase-Change Superlattices via Thin Film Nanocalorimetry. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:4587-4594. [PMID: 37171275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Phase-change superlattices with nanometer thin sublayers are promising for low-power phase-change memory (PCM) on rigid and flexible platforms. However, the thermodynamics of the phase transition in such nanoscale superlattices remain unexplored, especially at ultrafast scanning rates, which is crucial for our fundamental understanding of superlattice-based PCM. Here, we probe the phase transition of Sb2Te3 (ST)/Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) superlattices using nanocalorimetry with a monolayer sensitivity (∼1 Å) and a fast scanning rate (105 K/s). For a 2/1.8 nm/nm Sb2Te3/GST superlattice, we observe an endothermic melting transition with an ∼240 °C decrease in temperature and an ∼8-fold decrease in enthalpy compared to those for the melting of GST, providing key thermodynamic insights into the low-power switching of superlattice-based PCM. Nanocalorimetry measurements for Sb2Te3 alone demonstrate an intrinsic premelting similar to the unique phase transition of superlattices, thus revealing a critical role of the Sb2Te3 sublayer within our superlattices. These results advance our understanding of superlattices for energy-efficient data storage and computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Coordinated Science Laboratory and Frederick-Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Asir Intisar Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Mikhail Y Efremov
- College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Zichao Ye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Coordinated Science Laboratory and Frederick-Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xiangjin Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kangsik Kim
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Zonghoon Lee
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - H-S Philip Wong
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Eric Pop
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Leslie H Allen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Coordinated Science Laboratory and Frederick-Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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19
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Luo Y, Abidian MR, Ahn JH, Akinwande D, Andrews AM, Antonietti M, Bao Z, Berggren M, Berkey CA, Bettinger CJ, Chen J, Chen P, Cheng W, Cheng X, Choi SJ, Chortos A, Dagdeviren C, Dauskardt RH, Di CA, Dickey MD, Duan X, Facchetti A, Fan Z, Fang Y, Feng J, Feng X, Gao H, Gao W, Gong X, Guo CF, Guo X, Hartel MC, He Z, Ho JS, Hu Y, Huang Q, Huang Y, Huo F, Hussain MM, Javey A, Jeong U, Jiang C, Jiang X, Kang J, Karnaushenko D, Khademhosseini A, Kim DH, Kim ID, Kireev D, Kong L, Lee C, Lee NE, Lee PS, Lee TW, Li F, Li J, Liang C, Lim CT, Lin Y, Lipomi DJ, Liu J, Liu K, Liu N, Liu R, Liu Y, Liu Y, Liu Z, Liu Z, Loh XJ, Lu N, Lv Z, Magdassi S, Malliaras GG, Matsuhisa N, Nathan A, Niu S, Pan J, Pang C, Pei Q, Peng H, Qi D, Ren H, Rogers JA, Rowe A, Schmidt OG, Sekitani T, Seo DG, Shen G, Sheng X, Shi Q, Someya T, Song Y, Stavrinidou E, Su M, Sun X, Takei K, Tao XM, Tee BCK, Thean AVY, Trung TQ, Wan C, Wang H, Wang J, Wang M, Wang S, Wang T, Wang ZL, Weiss PS, Wen H, Xu S, Xu T, Yan H, Yan X, Yang H, Yang L, Yang S, Yin L, Yu C, Yu G, Yu J, Yu SH, Yu X, Zamburg E, Zhang H, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Zhao X, Zheng Y, Zheng YQ, Zheng Z, Zhou T, Zhu B, Zhu M, Zhu R, Zhu Y, Zhu Y, Zou G, Chen X. Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors. ACS NANO 2023; 17:5211-5295. [PMID: 36892156 PMCID: PMC11223676 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 200.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Luo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Mohammad Reza Abidian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77024, United States
| | - Jong-Hyun Ahn
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Deji Akinwande
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Microelectronics Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, United States
| | - Anne M Andrews
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Colloid Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Magnus Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Campus Norrköping, Linköping University, 83 Linköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability (WISE) and Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher A Berkey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94301, United States
| | - Christopher John Bettinger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Wenlong Cheng
- Nanobionics Group, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Australia, 3800
- Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Australia3800
| | - Xu Cheng
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Seon-Jin Choi
- Division of Materials of Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Alex Chortos
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Canan Dagdeviren
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Reinhold H Dauskardt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94301, United States
| | - Chong-An Di
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Michael D Dickey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Xiangfeng Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhiyong Fan
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yin Fang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Jianyou Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Xue Feng
- Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huajian Gao
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wei Gao
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, United States
| | - Xiwen Gong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Applied Physics Program, and Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109 United States
| | - Chuan Fei Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaojun Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Martin C Hartel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Zihan He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - John S Ho
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Youfan Hu
- School of Electronics and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qiyao Huang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Fengwei Huo
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Muhammad M Hussain
- mmh Labs, Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Ali Javey
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Unyong Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Engineering (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeong-buk 37673, Korea
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088, Xueyuan Road, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Jiheong Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniil Karnaushenko
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09126, Germany
| | | | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dmitry Kireev
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Microelectronics Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, United States
| | - Lingxuan Kong
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
- NUS Graduate School-Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Nae-Eung Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Tae-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Soft Foundry, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Fengyu Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Jinxing Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Neuroscience Program, BioMolecular Science Program, and Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
| | - Cuiyuan Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119276, Singapore
| | - Yuanjing Lin
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Darren J Lipomi
- Department of Nano and Chemical Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Jia Liu
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02134, United States
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Nan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Ren Liu
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02134, United States
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, N.1 Institute for Health, Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Neural Engineering Centre, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China 518055
| | - Zhuangjian Liu
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Nanshu Lu
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zhisheng Lv
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Shlomo Magdassi
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - George G Malliaras
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge CB3 0FA, Cambridge United Kingdom
| | - Naoji Matsuhisa
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Arokia Nathan
- Darwin College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 9EU, United Kingdom
| | - Simiao Niu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Jieming Pan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Changhyun Pang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Qibing Pei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Huisheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Dianpeng Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Huaying Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States
| | - John A Rogers
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Chemistry, and Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Aaron Rowe
- Becton, Dickinson and Company, 1268 N. Lakeview Avenue, Anaheim, California 92807, United States
- Ready, Set, Food! 15821 Ventura Blvd #450, Encino, California 91436, United States
| | - Oliver G Schmidt
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09126, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09107, Germany
- Nanophysics, Faculty of Physics, TU Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Tsuyoshi Sekitani
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan 5670047
| | - Dae-Gyo Seo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Guozhen Shen
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xing Sheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiongfeng Shi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Takao Someya
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Eleni Stavrinidou
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74 Norrkoping, Sweden
| | - Meng Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xuemei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Kuniharu Takei
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Xiao-Ming Tao
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, School of Fashion and Textiles, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Benjamin C K Tee
- Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
- iHealthtech, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119276, Singapore
| | - Aaron Voon-Yew Thean
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Singapore Hybrid-Integrated Next-Generation μ-Electronics Centre (SHINE), Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Tran Quang Trung
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjin Wan
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huiliang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Ming Wang
- Frontier Institute of Chip and System, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chip and Systems, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- the Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, 41th Floor, AI Tower, No.701 Yunjin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200232, China
| | - Sihong Wang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, United States
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
| | - Paul S Weiss
- California NanoSystems Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Bioengineering, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Hanqi Wen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637457, Singapore
- Institute of Flexible Electronics Technology of THU, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China 314000
| | - Sheng Xu
- Department of Nanoengineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program, and Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States
| | - Tailin Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Hongping Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xuzhou Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, 300072
| | - Le Yang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS), 9 Engineering Drive 1, #03-09 EA, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Shuaijian Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Lan Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, and Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Cunjiang Yu
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, United States
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States
| | - Jing Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xinge Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Evgeny Zamburg
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Singapore Hybrid-Integrated Next-Generation μ-Electronics Centre (SHINE), Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Haixia Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Singapore Hybrid-Integrated Next-Generation μ-Electronics Centre (SHINE), Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xueji Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
| | - Yihui Zhang
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics; Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Singapore Hybrid-Integrated Next-Generation μ-Electronics Centre (SHINE), Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Siyuan Zhao
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02134, United States
| | - Xuanhe Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States
| | - Yuanjin Zheng
- Center for Integrated Circuits and Systems, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yu-Qing Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication; School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Center for Neural Engineering, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Bowen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Ming Zhu
- Institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science (IDMxS), Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Rong Zhu
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California, 90064, United States
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Guijin Zou
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Laboratory for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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Mi YQ, Deng W, He C, Eksik O, Zheng YP, Yao DK, Liu XB, Yin YH, Li YS, Xia BY, Wu ZP. In Situ Polymerized 1,3-Dioxolane Electrolyte for Integrated Solid-State Lithium Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218621. [PMID: 36658098 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state lithium batteries are promising and safe energy storage devices for mobile electronics and electric vehicles. In this work, we report a facile in situ polymerization of 1,3-dioxolane electrolytes to fabricate integrated solid-state lithium batteries. The in situ polymerization and formation of solid-state dioxolane electrolytes on interconnected carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and active materials is the key to realizing a high-performance battery with excellent interfacial contact among CNTs, active materials and electrolytes. Therefore, the electrodes could be tightly integrated into batteries through the CNTs and electrolyte. Electrons/ions enable full access to active materials in the whole electrode. Electrodes with a low resistance of 4.5 Ω □-1 and high lithium-ion diffusion efficiency of 2.5×10-11 cm2 s-1 can significantly improve the electrochemical kinetics. Subsequently, the batteries demonstrated high energy density, amazing charge/discharge rate and long cycle life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Qian Mi
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Advanced Metals and Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Advanced Metals and Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Chaohui He
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Osman Eksik
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Turkey
| | - Yi Ping Zheng
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Advanced Metals and Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - De Kun Yao
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Advanced Metals and Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xian Bin Liu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Advanced Metals and Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yan Hong Yin
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Advanced Metals and Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Ye Sheng Li
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Advanced Metals and Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Bao Yu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zi Ping Wu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Advanced Metals and Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
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21
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Lanza M, Hui F, Wen C, Ferrari AC. Resistive Switching Crossbar Arrays Based on Layered Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2205402. [PMID: 36094019 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Resistive switching (RS) devices are metal/insulator/metal cells that can change their electrical resistance when electrical stimuli are applied between the electrodes, and they can be used to store and compute data. Planar crossbar arrays of RS devices can offer a high integration density (>108 devices mm- 2 ) and this can be further enhanced by stacking them three-dimensionally. The advantage of using layered materials (LMs) in RS devices compared to traditional phase-change materials and metal oxides is that their electrical properties can be adjusted with a higher precision. Here, the key figures-of-merit and procedures to implement LM-based RS devices are defined. LM-based RS devices fabricated using methods compatible with industry are identified and discussed. The focus is on small devices (size < 9 µm2 ) arranged in crossbar structures, since larger devices may be affected by artifacts, such as grain boundaries and flake junctions. How to enhance device performance, so to accelerate the development of this technology, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Lanza
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fei Hui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Material, Processing and Mold of the Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced, Nylon Materials and Application, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wen
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Andrea C Ferrari
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
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22
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Khan AI, Yu H, Zhang H, Goggin JR, Kwon H, Wu X, Perez C, Neilson KM, Asheghi M, Goodson KE, Vora PM, Davydov A, Takeuchi I, Pop E. Energy Efficient Neuro-Inspired Phase-Change Memory Based on Ge 4 Sb 6 Te 7 as a Novel Epitaxial Nanocomposite. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2300107. [PMID: 36720651 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phase-change memory (PCM) is a promising candidate for neuro-inspired, data-intensive artificial intelligence applications, which relies on the physical attributes of PCM materials including gradual change of resistance states and multilevel operation with low resistance drift. However, achieving these attributes simultaneously remains a fundamental challenge for PCM materials such as Ge2 Sb2 Te5 , the most commonly used material. Here bi-directional gradual resistance changes with ≈10× resistance window using low energy pulses are demonstrated in nanoscale PCM devices based on Ge4 Sb6 Te7 , a new phase-change nanocomposite material . These devices show 13 resistance levels with low resistance drift for the first 8 levels, a resistance on/off ratio of ≈1000, and low variability. These attributes are enabled by the unique microstructural and electro-thermal properties of Ge4 Sb6 Te7 , a nanocomposite consisting of epitaxial SbTe nanoclusters within the Ge-Sb-Te matrix, and a higher crystallization but lower melting temperature than Ge2 Sb2 Te5 . These results advance the pathway toward energy-efficient analog computing using PCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asir Intisar Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Heshan Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Huairuo Zhang
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
- Theiss Research, Inc., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - John R Goggin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
- Quantum Science and Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Heungdong Kwon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xiangjin Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Christopher Perez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kathryn M Neilson
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Mehdi Asheghi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kenneth E Goodson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Patrick M Vora
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
- Quantum Science and Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Albert Davydov
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
- Quantum Science and Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Ichiro Takeuchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Eric Pop
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Precourt Institute for Energy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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23
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Kim D, Kim Y, Oh JS, Lee C, Lim H, Yang CW, Sim E, Cho MH. Conversion between Metavalent and Covalent Bond in Metastable Superlattices Composed of 2D and 3D Sublayers. ACS NANO 2022; 16:20758-20769. [PMID: 36469438 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Reversible conversion over multimillion times in bond types between metavalent and covalent bonds becomes one of the most promising bases for universal memory. As the conversions have been found in metastable states, an extended category of crystal structures from stable states via redistribution of vacancies, research on kinetic behavior of the vacancies is highly in demand. However, it remains lacking due to difficulties with experimental analysis. Herein, the direct observation of the evolution of chemical states of vacancies clarifies the behavior by combining analysis on charge density distribution, electrical conductivity, and crystal structures. Site-switching of vacancies of Sb2Te3 gradually occurs with diverged energy barriers owing to their own activation code: the accumulation of vacancies triggers spontaneous gliding along atomic planes to relieve electrostatic repulsion. Studies on the behavior can be further applied to multiphase superlattices composed of Sb2Te3 (2D) and GeTe (3D) sublayers, which represent superior memory performances, but their operating mechanisms were still under debate due to their complexity. The site-switching is favorable (suppressed) when Te-Te bonds are formed as physisorption (chemisorption) over the interface between Sb2Te3 (2D) and GeTe (3D) sublayers driven by configurational entropic gain (electrostatic enthalpic loss). Depending on the type of interfaces between sublayers, phases of the superlattices are classified into metastable and stable states, where the conversion could only be achieved in the metastable state. From this comprehensive understanding on the operating mechanism via kinetic behaviors of vacancies and the metastability, further studies toward vacancy engineering are expected in versatile materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasol Kim
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea
- I. Institute of Physics, Physics of Novel Materials, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Youngsam Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Su Oh
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 16419 Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Changwoo Lee
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonwook Lim
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Woong Yang
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 16419 Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Sim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mann-Ho Cho
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of System Semiconductor Engineering, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea
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24
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Yoo C, Jeon JW, Yoon S, Cheng Y, Han G, Choi W, Park B, Jeon G, Jeon S, Kim W, Zheng Y, Lee J, Ahn J, Cho S, Clendenning SB, Karpov IV, Lee YK, Choi JH, Hwang CS. Atomic Layer Deposition of Sb 2 Te 3 /GeTe Superlattice Film and Its Melt-Quenching-Free Phase-Transition Mechanism for Phase-Change Memory. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2207143. [PMID: 36271720 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Sb2 Te3 /GeTe superlattice (SL) film on planar and vertical sidewall areas containing TiN metal and SiO2 insulator is demonstrated. The peculiar chemical affinity of the ALD precursor to the substrate surface and the 2D nature of the Sb2 Te3 enable the growth of an in situ crystallized SL film with a preferred orientation. The SL film shows a reduced reset current of ≈1/7 of the randomly oriented Ge2 Sb2 Te5 alloy. The reset switching is induced by the transition from the SL to the (111)-oriented face-centered-cubic (FCC) Ge2 Sb2 Te5 alloy and subsequent melt-quenching-free amorphization. The in-plane compressive stress, induced by the SL-to-FCC structural transition, enhances the electromigration of Ge along the [111] direction of FCC structure, which enables such a significant improvement. Set operation switches the amorphous to the (111)-oriented FCC structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanyoung Yoo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Woo Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjae Yoon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Electronic Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Gyuseung Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Electronic Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonho Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byongwoo Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwangsik Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woohyun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jongho Lee
- SK Hynix Inc., Icheon, Gyeonggi, 17336, Republic of Korea
| | - Junku Ahn
- SK Hynix Inc., Icheon, Gyeonggi, 17336, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunglae Cho
- SK Hynix Inc., Icheon, Gyeonggi, 17336, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ilya V Karpov
- Components Research, Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA
| | - Yoon Kyung Lee
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hae Choi
- Electronic Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Seong Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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25
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Li S, Li M, Chen L, Xu X, Cui A, Zhou X, Jiang K, Shang L, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhu L, Hu Z, Chu J. Ultra-Stable, Endurable, and Flexible Sb 2Te xSe 3-x Phase Change Devices for Memory Application and Wearable Electronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:45600-45610. [PMID: 36178431 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flexible memory and wearable electronics represent an emerging technology, thanks to their reliability, compatibility, and superior performance. Here, an Sb2TexSe3-x (STSe) phase change material was grown on flexible mica, which not only exhibited superior nature in thermal stability for phase change memory application but also revealed novel function performance in wearable electronics, thanks to its excellent mechanical reliability and endurance. The thermal stability of Sb2Te3 was improved obviously with the crystallization temperature elevated 60 K after Se doping, for the enhanced charge localization and stronger bonding energy, which was validated by the Vienna ab initio simulation package calculations. Based on the ultra-stability of STSe, the STSe-based phase change memory shows 65 000 reversible phase change ability. Moreover, the assembled flexible device can show real-time monitoring and recoverability response in sensing human activities in different parts of the body, which proves its effective reusability and potential as wearable electronics. Most importantly, the STSe device presents remarkable working reliability, reflected by excellent endurance over 100 s and long retention over 100 h. These results paved a novel way to utilize STSe phase change materials for flexible memory and wearable electronics with extreme thermal and mechanical stability and brilliant performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubing Li
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ming Li
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Li Chen
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xionghu Xu
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Anyang Cui
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liyan Shang
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yawei Li
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhang
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liangqing Zhu
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhigao Hu
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics & Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junhao Chu
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics & Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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26
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Hatayama S, Yamamoto T, Mori S, Song YH, Sutou Y. Understanding the Origin of Low-Energy Operation Characteristics for Cr 2Ge 2Te 6 Phase-Change Material: Enhancement of Thermal Efficiency in the High-Scaled Memory Device. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:44604-44613. [PMID: 36149674 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Data recording based on the phase transition between amorphous and crystalline phases in a phase-change material (PCM) generally consumes a large amount of operation energy. Heat confinement and scaling down of the contact area between the PCM and electrode are effective strategies for reducing the operation energy in the memory device. Contrary to conventional PCM, such as Ge-Sb-Te compounds (GST), Cr2Ge2Te6 (CrGT) exhibits low thermal conductivity and low-energy memory operation characteristics even in a relatively large contact area. Herein, we show that the operation energy of the CrGT-based memory device is greatly reduced by scaling down. Based on the present results, an operation energy at subpico J order, which was achieved using carbon nanotubes or graphene nanoribbon in the GST-based device, can be realized in the contact area comparable to the product level in the CrGT-based device. The numerical simulation suggests that small thermal and electrical conductivities enhance the thermal efficiency, resulting in a small operation energy for amorphization. It was also found that the residual metastable phase after the amorphization process increased the operation energy for crystallization by the simulation. In other words, these results indicate that further small operation energy can be realized in the CrGT-based device by reducing the metastable phase volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Hatayama
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aoba-yama, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
- Department of Metallurgy, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Mori
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aoba-yama, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yun-Heub Song
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Korea
| | - Yuji Sutou
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aoba-yama, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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27
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Zhang X, Wu C, Lv Y, Zhang Y, Liu W. High-Performance Flexible Polymer Memristor Based on Stable Filamentary Switching. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7246-7253. [PMID: 35984717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-based atomic switch memristors via the formation/dissolution of atomic-scale conductive filaments are considered as the leading candidate for next-generation nonvolatile memory. However, the instability of conductive filaments of incomplete bridge makes their switching performances unsatisfied. In this work, we report a flexible polymeric memristor using polyethylenimine incorporated with silver salt. The memristor device exhibited superior performances at room temperature with a favorable endurance, high ON/OFF ratio, good retention, and low operating voltage. These satisfactory performances are attributed to the pre-existing Ag ions in the polymer, guiding the formation of a robust Ag filament. In addition, the device shows stable bipolar switching behavior in bending conditions or after hundreds of bending cycles. In our work, we provide a simple and efficient method to construct robust filament-based memristors for flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinshui Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Cong Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yinjie Lv
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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28
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Lin S, Chen S, Ju Y, Xiang F, Wei W, Wang X, Xiang S, Zhang Z. Electrical bistability based on metal-organic frameworks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9971-9978. [PMID: 35984650 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03097g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrical bistability existing in biochemical networks is critical for the proper functionalization of living systems. The development of artificial materials with electrical bistability begun to attract much interest due to their broad application prospects, especially in the field of memristors. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have advantages in regular pores, crystallinity, structural designability and easy functionalization, which can promote the construction of novel MOF-based memristors and facilitate a better understanding of switching mechanisms. Here, we highlight recent advances in electrically bistable MOFs as memristors, and discuss their switching mechanisms, including interfacial reaction, proton-transfer mechanism, metal ion migration, charge trapping/detrapping and other mechanisms. Challenges and future perspectives are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Shimin Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Yan Ju
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Fahui Xiang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Wuji Wei
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Xue Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Shengchang Xiang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Zhangjing Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
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29
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Khan AI, Wu X, Perez C, Won B, Kim K, Ramesh P, Kwon H, Tung MC, Lee Z, Oh IK, Saraswat K, Asheghi M, Goodson KE, Wong HSP, Pop E. Unveiling the Effect of Superlattice Interfaces and Intermixing on Phase Change Memory Performance. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6285-6291. [PMID: 35876819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Superlattice (SL) phase change materials have shown promise to reduce the switching current and resistance drift of phase change memory (PCM). However, the effects of internal SL interfaces and intermixing on PCM performance remain unexplored, although these are essential to understand and ensure reliable memory operation. Here, using nanometer-thin layers of Ge2Sb2Te5 and Sb2Te3 in SL-PCM, we uncover that both switching current density (Jreset) and resistance drift coefficient (v) decrease as the SL period thickness is reduced (i.e., higher interface density); however, interface intermixing within the SL increases both. The signatures of distinct versus intermixed interfaces also show up in transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal conductivity measurements of our SL films. Combining the lessons learned, we simultaneously achieve low Jreset ≈ 3-4 MA/cm2 and ultralow v ≈ 0.002 in mushroom-cell SL-PCM with ∼110 nm bottom contact diameter, thus advancing SL-PCM technology for high-density storage and neuromorphic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asir Intisar Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xiangjin Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Christopher Perez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Byoungjun Won
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangsik Kim
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Pranav Ramesh
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Heungdong Kwon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Maryann C Tung
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Zonghoon Lee
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Kwon Oh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Krishna Saraswat
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Mehdi Asheghi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kenneth E Goodson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - H-S Philip Wong
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Eric Pop
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Precourt Institute for Energy, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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30
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Fang Z, Chen R, Zheng J, Khan AI, Neilson KM, Geiger SJ, Callahan DM, Moebius MG, Saxena A, Chen ME, Rios C, Hu J, Pop E, Majumdar A. Ultra-low-energy programmable non-volatile silicon photonics based on phase-change materials with graphene heaters. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:842-848. [PMID: 35788188 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01153-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silicon photonics is evolving from laboratory research to real-world applications with the potential to transform many technologies, including optical neural networks and quantum information processing. A key element for these applications is a reconfigurable switch operating at ultra-low programming energy-a challenging proposition for traditional thermo-optic or free carrier switches. Recent advances in non-volatile programmable silicon photonics based on phase-change materials (PCMs) provide an attractive solution to energy-efficient photonic switches with zero static power, but the programming energy density remains high (hundreds of attojoules per cubic nanometre). Here we demonstrate a non-volatile electrically reconfigurable silicon photonic platform leveraging a monolayer graphene heater with high energy efficiency and endurance. In particular, we show a broadband switch based on the technologically mature PCM Ge2Sb2Te5 and a phase shifter employing the emerging low-loss PCM Sb2Se3. The graphene-assisted photonic switches exhibited an endurance of over 1,000 cycles and a programming energy density of 8.7 ± 1.4 aJ nm-3, that is, within an order of magnitude of the PCM thermodynamic switching energy limit (~1.2 aJ nm-3) and at least a 20-fold reduction in switching energy compared with the state of the art. Our work shows that graphene is a reliable and energy-efficient heater compatible with dielectric platforms, including Si3N4, for technologically relevant non-volatile programmable silicon photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Fang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jiajiu Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Asir Intisar Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn M Neilson
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Abhi Saxena
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michelle E Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Carlos Rios
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Juejun Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eric Pop
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Arka Majumdar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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31
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Shen J, Cheng Z, Zhou P. Optical and optoelectronic neuromorphic devices based on emerging memory technologies. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:372001. [PMID: 35605580 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac723f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As artificial intelligence continues its rapid development, inevitable challenges arise for the mainstream computing hardware to process voluminous data (Big data). The conventional computer system based on von Neumann architecture with separated processor unit and memory is approaching the limit of computational speed and energy efficiency. Thus, novel computing architectures such as in-memory computing and neuromorphic computing based on emerging memory technologies have been proposed. In recent years, light is incorporated into computational devices, beyond the data transmission in traditional optical communications, due to its innate superiority in speed, bandwidth, energy efficiency, etc. Thereinto, photo-assisted and photoelectrical synapses are developed for neuromorphic computing. Additionally, both the storage and readout processes can be implemented in optical domain in some emerging photonic devices to leverage unique properties of photonics. In this review, we introduce typical photonic neuromorphic devices rooted from emerging memory technologies together with corresponding operational mechanisms. In the end, the advantages and limitations of these devices originated from different modulation means are listed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengguang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
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32
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Mustaqeem M, Lin JY, Kamal S, Thakran A, Lu GZ, Naikoo G, Chou PT, Lu KL, Chen YF. Optically Encodable and Erasable Multilevel Nonvolatile Flexible Memory Device Based on Metal-Organic Frameworks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:26895-26903. [PMID: 35658400 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Multilevel and flexible nonvolatile memory (NVM) is a promising candidate for data storage in next-generation devices but its high bias and low mobility of conducting channels are often its drawbacks. In this study, we demonstrate a low bias of smaller than 0.1 V and a high-mobility graphene layer as a conducting channel for flexible optoelectronic NVM based on a composite thin film of indium-based MOF-derived InCl3 and 4,4-oxydiphthalic anhydride (odpta), Na[In3(odpt)2(OH)2(H2O)2](H2O)4, and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The optoelectronic NVM device can be encoded and erased optically by ultraviolet (UV) light and visible light, respectively. Our device also achieves memory states over 192 (6-bit storage) distinct levels, which can emerge as mass data storage. It also shows an excellent endurance of write-erase cycles under irradiation with a laser of varying wavelengths, the mechanical stability of more than 1000 bending cycles, and stable retention for longer than 10 000 s. These results open an alternative route for developing low bias and innovative optoelectronic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujahid Mustaqeem
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Nano-Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yu Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Saqib Kamal
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Anjali Thakran
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Nano-Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Zhang Lu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Gowhar Naikoo
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Arts and Applied Sciences, Dhofar University, Salalah PC 211, Oman
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Lieh Lu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Fang Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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33
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Bertelli M, Díaz Fattorini A, De Simone S, Calvi S, Plebani R, Mussi V, Arciprete F, Calarco R, Longo M. Structural and Electrical Properties of Annealed Ge 2Sb 2Te 5 Films Grown on Flexible Polyimide. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12122001. [PMID: 35745340 PMCID: PMC9228038 DOI: 10.3390/nano12122001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The morphological, structural, and electrical properties of as-grown and annealed Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) layers, deposited by RF-sputtering on flexible polyimide, were studied by means of optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and electrical characterization. The X-ray diffraction annealing experiments showed the structural transformation of GST layers from the as-grown amorphous state into their crystalline cubic and trigonal phases. The onset of crystallization of the GST films was inferred at about 140 °C. The vibrational properties of the crystalline GST layers were investigated via Raman spectroscopy with mode assignment in agreement with previous works on GST films grown on rigid substrates. The electrical characterization revealed a good homogeneity of the amorphous and crystalline trigonal GST with an electrical resistance contrast of 8 × 106.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bertelli
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (A.D.F.); (S.D.S.); (V.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Adriano Díaz Fattorini
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (A.D.F.); (S.D.S.); (V.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Sara De Simone
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (A.D.F.); (S.D.S.); (V.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Sabrina Calvi
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (A.D.F.); (S.D.S.); (V.M.); (M.L.)
- Department of Physics, University of “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (R.P.); (F.A.)
| | - Riccardo Plebani
- Department of Physics, University of “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (R.P.); (F.A.)
| | - Valentina Mussi
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (A.D.F.); (S.D.S.); (V.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Fabrizio Arciprete
- Department of Physics, University of “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (R.P.); (F.A.)
| | - Raffaella Calarco
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (A.D.F.); (S.D.S.); (V.M.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Massimo Longo
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (A.D.F.); (S.D.S.); (V.M.); (M.L.)
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34
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Lanza M, Sebastian A, Lu WD, Le Gallo M, Chang MF, Akinwande D, Puglisi FM, Alshareef HN, Liu M, Roldan JB. Memristive technologies for data storage, computation, encryption, and radio-frequency communication. Science 2022; 376:eabj9979. [PMID: 35653464 DOI: 10.1126/science.abj9979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Memristive devices, which combine a resistor with memory functions such that voltage pulses can change their resistance (and hence their memory state) in a nonvolatile manner, are beginning to be implemented in integrated circuits for memory applications. However, memristive devices could have applications in many other technologies, such as non-von Neumann in-memory computing in crossbar arrays, random number generation for data security, and radio-frequency switches for mobile communications. Progress toward the integration of memristive devices in commercial solid-state electronic circuits and other potential applications will depend on performance and reliability challenges that still need to be addressed, as described here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Lanza
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Wei D Lu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Meng-Fan Chang
- Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC), Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Deji Akinwande
- Microelectronics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Francesco M Puglisi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria "Enzo Ferrari," Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Husam N Alshareef
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Juan B Roldan
- Departamento de Electrónica y Tecnología de Computadores, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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35
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Simultaneous emulation of synaptic and intrinsic plasticity using a memristive synapse. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2811. [PMID: 35589710 PMCID: PMC9120471 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30432-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromorphic computing targets the hardware embodiment of neural network, and device implementation of individual neuron and synapse has attracted considerable attention. The emulation of synaptic plasticity has shown promising results after the advent of memristors. However, neuronal intrinsic plasticity, which involves in learning process through interactions with synaptic plasticity, has been rarely demonstrated. Synaptic and intrinsic plasticity occur concomitantly in learning process, suggesting the need of the simultaneous implementation. Here, we report a neurosynaptic device that mimics synaptic and intrinsic plasticity concomitantly in a single cell. Threshold switch and phase change memory are merged in threshold switch-phase change memory device. Neuronal intrinsic plasticity is demonstrated based on bottom threshold switch layer, which resembles the modulation of firing frequency in biological neuron. Synaptic plasticity is also introduced through the nonvolatile switching of top phase change layer. Intrinsic and synaptic plasticity are simultaneously emulated in a single cell to establish the positive feedback between them. A positive feedback learning loop which mimics the retraining process in biological system is implemented in threshold switch-phase change memory array for accelerated training. Synaptic plasticity and neuronal intrinsic plasticity are both involved in the learning process of hardware artificial neural network. Here, Lee et al. integrate a threshold switch and a phase change memory in a single device, which emulates biological synaptic and intrinsic plasticity simultaneously.
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36
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Wan J, Hu R, Li J, Mi S, Xian J, Xiao Z, Liu Z, Mei A, Xu S, Fan M, Jiang H, Zhang Q, Liu H, Xu W. A universal construction of robust interface between 2D conductive polymer and cellulose for textile supercapacitor. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 284:119230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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37
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Zhang C, Li Y, Li Z, Jiang Y, Zhang J, Zhao R, Zou J, Wang Y, Wang K, Ma C, Zhang Q. Nanofiber Architecture Engineering Implemented by Electrophoretic-Induced Self-Assembly Deposition Technology for Flash-Type Memristors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:3111-3120. [PMID: 34985856 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) has been recognized as a promising large-scale film preparation technology for industrial application. Inspired by the conventional EPD method and the crystal diffusion growth strategy, we propose a modified electrophoretic-induced self-assembly deposition (EPAD) technique to control the morphologies of organic functional materials. Here, an ionic-type dye with a conjugated skeleton and strong noncovalent interactions, celestine blue (CB), is chosen as a module molecule for EPAD investigation. As expected, CB molecules can assemble into different nanostructures, dominated by applied voltage, concentration effect, and duration. Compared to a nanopillar layered packing structure formed by the traditional spin-coating method, the EPAD approach can produce a nanofiber structure under a fixed condition of 10 V/10 min. Intriguingly, a memristor device based on a pillar-like nanostructure exhibits WORM-type behavior, while a device based on nanofibers presents Flash memory performance. The assemble process and the memory mechanism are uncovered by molecular dynamics simulations and density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. This work endows the typical EPD technique with a fresh application scenario, where an in-depth study on the growth mechanism of nanofibers and the positive effect of unique morphologies on memristor performance are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Yang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yucheng Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Jinlei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Run Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Jingyun Zou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Kuaibing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chunlan Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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38
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Cao L, Hu Y, Gao S, Zhu X. Application of Ge2Sb2Te5 phase change film in flexible memory. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00616b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of high-performance flexible memory is of great significance to today's rapidly growing Internet of Things market. In this paper, Ge2Sb2Te5 phase change films were prepared by magnetron sputtering...
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39
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Wang X, Shen X, Sun S, Zhang W. Tailoring the Structural and Optical Properties of Germanium Telluride Phase-Change Materials by Indium Incorporation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3029. [PMID: 34835793 PMCID: PMC8619561 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chalcogenide phase-change materials (PCMs) based random access memory (PCRAM) enter the global memory market as storage-class memory (SCM), holding great promise for future neuro-inspired computing and non-volatile photonic applications. The thermal stability of the amorphous phase of PCMs is a demanding property requiring further improvement. In this work, we focus on indium, an alloying ingredient extensively exploited in PCMs. Starting from the prototype GeTe alloy, we incorporated indium to form three typical compositions along the InTe-GeTe tie line: InGe3Te4, InGeTe2 and In3GeTe4. The evolution of structural details, and the optical properties of the three In-Ge-Te alloys in amorphous and crystalline form, was thoroughly analyzed via ab initio calculations. This study proposes a chemical composition possessing both improved thermal stability and sizable optical contrast for PCM-based non-volatile photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Wang
- Center for Alloy Innovation and Design (CAID), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (X.W.); (X.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Xueyang Shen
- Center for Alloy Innovation and Design (CAID), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (X.W.); (X.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Suyang Sun
- Center for Alloy Innovation and Design (CAID), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (X.W.); (X.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center for Alloy Innovation and Design (CAID), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (X.W.); (X.S.); (S.S.)
- Pazhou Lab, Pengcheng National Laboratory in Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510320, China
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