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Morgan G, Pinchbeck G, Haldenby S, Schmidt V, Williams N. Raw meat diets are a major risk factor for carriage of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant and multidrug-resistant E. coli by dogs in the UK. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1460143. [PMID: 39314877 PMCID: PMC11417003 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1460143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Raw-meat diets (RMD) for dogs, comprising unprocessed or non-heat-treated animal material, are increasingly popular. However, RMDs have been demonstrated to be contaminated with antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria, and there is concern that such diets may pose a zoonotic disease risk. Additionally, dogs fed RMD may shed more AMR- fecal bacteria compared to those fed conventional cooked diets. Data from the UK remain limited; the present study investigated the presence of AMR-Escherichia coli in the feces of RMD and non-RMD (NRMD)-fed dogs in the UK, the E. coli AMR gene complement, and the lifestyle risk factors associated with AMR- E. coli carriage. Methods Fecal samples from UK-owned dogs (N = 193 RMD, N = 239 NRMD) and questionnaires discussing lifestyle factors, were obtained between October 2020-August 2021. Samples underwent culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing to determine the presence of AMR-E. coli. Whole genome sequencing determined AMR gene carriage. Risk factors for the presence of AMR-E. coli were determined by multivariable modeling. Results RMD dogs carried significantly more fecal AMR E. coli (p < 0.001), including third-generation cephalosporin resistant, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing, and multidrug resistant isolates and multivariable modeling confirmed raw-meat diets to be a significant risk factor. The bla CTX-M-15 gene was the most frequently identified bla ESBL gene. The bla CTX-M-55 and bla SHV-66 genes were also prevalent and were only found in RMD dogs. The mobile colistin resistance gene, mcr-4 was identified in one ESBL-producing E. coli isolate from a NRMD-fed dog. Conclusion This study has shown that dogs fed RMD in the UK are significantly more likely to shed E. coli which is resistant to highest priority critically important antibiotics, and multidrug resistant E. coli, than dogs fed NRMD. Additionally, AMR-E. coli isolates from RMD-fed dogs harbor multiple, diverse, and novel AMR genes. Therefore, provision of RMD to dogs could pose an important potential threat to human and animal health, especially given the close nature of the relationship many owners share with their pets. Awareness of these findings should be shared with pet owners, veterinary and medical professionals, pet food manufacturers and public health to mitigate potential risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genever Morgan
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Neston, United Kingdom
| | - Gina Pinchbeck
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Neston, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Haldenby
- Centre for Genomic Research, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Vanessa Schmidt
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Neston, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Williams
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Neston, United Kingdom
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2
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Lee MMY, Kuan NL, Li ZY, Yeh KS. Occurrence and characteristics of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase- and pAmpC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from companion animals with urinary tract infections. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296709. [PMID: 38227590 PMCID: PMC10790997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined 70 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates derived from companion animals with urinary tract infections in Taiwan. Overall, 81% (57/70) of the isolates carried extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and/or plasmid-encoded AmpC (pAmpC) genes. ESBL genes were detected in 19 samples, with blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-9, and blaSHV being the predominant groups. pAmpC genes were detected in 56 isolates, with blaCIT and blaDHA being the predominant groups. Multilocus sequence typing revealed that sequence types (ST)11, ST15, and ST655 were prevalent. wabG, uge, entB, mrkD, and fimH were identified as primary virulence genes. Two isolates demonstrated a hypermucoviscosity phenotype in the string test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing exhibited high resistance to β-lactams and fluoroquinolones in ESBL-positive isolates but low resistance to aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and carbapenems. Isolates carrying pAmpC genes exhibited resistance to penicillin-class β-lactams. These findings provide valuable insights into the role of K. pneumoniae in the context of the concept of One Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Min Yi Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Ling Kuan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biology Division, Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tansui, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Yi Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Sheng Yeh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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3
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Silva BA, do Amarante VS, Xavier RGC, Colombo SA, da Silva TF, Brenig B, Aburjaile FF, de Carvalho Azevedo VA, Silva ROS. Characterization of ESBL/AmpC-producing extraintestinal Escherichia coli (ExPEC) in dogs treated at a veterinary hospital in Brazil. Res Vet Sci 2024; 166:105106. [PMID: 38086217 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
The clinical aspects and lineages involved in Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) infections in dogs remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial resistance and molecular structures of ExPECs isolated from infected dogs in Brazil. Samples were obtained from dogs (n = 42) with suspected extraintestinal bacterial infections. Phylogroup B2 was predominant (65.1%). No association was observed between the site of infection, phylogroups, or virulence factors. Almost half of the isolates (44.2%) were MDR, and 20.9% were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive. E. coli isolates that were resistant to fluoroquinolones (27.9%) were more likely to be MDR. The CTX-M-15 enzyme was predominant among the ESBL-producing strains, and seven sequence types were identified, including the high-risk clones ST44 and ST131. Single SNPs analysis confirmed the presence of two clonal transmissions. The present study showed a high frequency of ExPECs from phylogroup B2 infecting various sites and a high frequency of ESBL-producing strains that included STs frequently associated with human infection. This study also confirmed the nosocomial transmission of ESBL-producing E. coli, highlighting the need for further studies on the prevention and diagnosis of nosocomial infections in veterinary settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendhal Almeida Silva
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Victor Santos do Amarante
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafael Gariglio Clark Xavier
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Salene Angelini Colombo
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Tales Fernando da Silva
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Bertram Brenig
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Flavia Figueira Aburjaile
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil.
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Sivan G, Sukumaran DP, Ezhuthanikkunnel AP, Ammanamveetil Abdulla MH. Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Resistance and CTX-M-Group 1 Gene in Escherichia coli from the Water and Sediment of Urbanized Mangrove Ecosystems of Kerala. Microb Drug Resist 2023; 29:582-588. [PMID: 37883192 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2023.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase resistance and CTX-M-group 1 gene in Escherichia coli from the water and sediment of three urbanized mangrove ecosystems of Kerala. A total of 119 E. coli isolates were screened for antibiotic susceptibility to 16 antibiotics. According to the phylogenetic analysis of E. coli isolates, nonpathogenic group A and pathogenic group D (29.4% and 23.5%) were the predominant phylotypes found in water samples. The most frequent phylotypes found in sediment samples were nonpathogenic groups A and B1 (27.9% and 26.4%). The highest incidence of antibiotic resistance in E. coli was against cefotaxime and colistin (100%). A significant difference in the prevalence of CTX-M-group 1 gene was observed among E. coli isolates in water samples (p < 0.05). The results indicate a high prevalence of β-lactamase harboring E. coli in the mangrove ecosystems that can hamper mangrove-dependent aquaculture practices and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopika Sivan
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India
| | - Divya P Sukumaran
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India
| | - Akhil Prakash Ezhuthanikkunnel
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India
| | - Mohamed Hatha Ammanamveetil Abdulla
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India
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Dey TK, Lindahl JF, Lundkvist Å, Grace D, Deka RP, Shome R, Bandyopadhyay S, Goyal NK, Sharma G, Shome BR. Analyses of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase, Metallo-β-Lactamase, and AmpC-β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae from the Dairy Value Chain in India. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1449. [PMID: 37760745 PMCID: PMC10650101 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The consumption of milk contaminated with antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a significant health threat to humans. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae producing β-lactamases (ESBL, MBL, and AmpC) in cow and buffalo milk samples from two Indian states, Haryana and Assam. A total of 401 milk samples were collected from dairy farmers and vendors in the specified districts. Microbiological assays, antibiotic susceptibility testing, and PCR-based genotyping were employed to analyze 421 Gram-negative bacterial isolates. The overall prevalence of β-lactamase genes was 10% (confidence interval (CI) (7-13)), with higher rates in Haryana (13%, CI (9-19)) compared to Assam (7%, CI (4-11)). The identified β-lactamase genes in isolates were blaCMY, blaMOX, blaFOX, blaEBC, and blaDHA, associated with AmpC production. Additionally, blaCTX-M1, blaSHV, and blaTEM were detected as ESBL producers, while blaVIM, blaIMP, blaSPM, blaSIM, and blaGIM were identified as MBL producers. Notably, Shigella spp. were the dominant β-lactamase producers among identified Enterobacteriaceae. This study highlights the presence of various prevalent β-lactamase genes in milk isolates, indicating the potential risk of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in dairy products. The presence of β-lactam resistance raises concern as this could restrict antibiotic options for treatment. The discordance between genotypic and phenotypic methods emphasizes the necessity for comprehensive approaches that integrate both techniques to accurately assess antibiotic resistance. Urgent collaborative action incorporating rational and regulated use of antibiotics across the dairy value chain is required to address the global challenge of β-lactam resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Kumar Dey
- Department of Biosciences, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Zoonosis Science Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Johanna Frida Lindahl
- Department of Biosciences, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Zoonosis Science Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åke Lundkvist
- Zoonosis Science Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Delia Grace
- Department of Biosciences, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Food and Markets Department, Natural Resources Institute, Chatham Maritime ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Ram Pratim Deka
- International Livestock Research Institute, Regional Office for South Asia, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Rajeswari Shome
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Samiran Bandyopadhyay
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Kolkata 700037, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Goyal
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - Garima Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Zoonosis Science Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bibek Ranjan Shome
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India
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Seo KW, Do KH, Jung CM, Lee SW, Lee YJ, Lim SK, Lee WK. Comparative genetic characterisation of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from integrated and conventional pig farm in Korea. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2023; 34:74-82. [PMID: 37394034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pig-farming systems consist of integrated or conventional farms, and many antimicrobials are used to treat bacterial infections. The objective of this study was to compare characteristics of third-generation cephalosporin resistance and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)/pAmpC β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli between integrated and conventional farms. METHODS Third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli was collected from integrated and conventional pig farms from 2021 to 2022. Polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing were performed for the detection of β-lactamase-encoding genes, molecular analysis, and identification of genetic relationships. To determine the transferability of β-lactamase genes, conjugation assays were conducted. RESULTS Antimicrobial resistance rates were higher in conventional farms than in integrated farms; ESBL- and pAmpC-lactamase-producing E. coli rates were higher in conventional farms (9.8%) than in integrated farms (3.4%). Fifty-two (6.5%) isolates produced ESBL/pAmpC β-lactamase genes. Isolates from integrated farms harboured CTX-15 (3 isolates), CTX-55 (9 isolates), CTX-229 (1 isolate), or CMY-2 (1 isolate) genes; isolates from conventional farms harboured CTX-1 (1 isolate), CTX-14 (6 isolates), CTX-15 (2 isolates), CTX-27 (3 isolates), CTX-55 (14 isolates), CTX-229 (1 isolate), and CMY-2 (11 isolates) genes. Of the 52 ESBL/pAmpC β-lactamase-producing E. coli isolates, class 1 integrons with 11 different gene cassette arrangements were detected in 39 (75.0%) isolates, and class 2 integrons were detected in 3 isolates. The most common sequence type in both integrated and conventional farms was ST5229, followed by ST101, and then ST10. CONCLUSION Third-generation cephalosporin-resistant patterns and molecular characteristics differed between integrated and conventional farms. Our findings suggest that continuous monitoring of third-generation cephalosporin resistance on pig farms is necessary to prevent the dissemination of resistant isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Won Seo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hyo Do
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Chang Min Jung
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; Onnuri Animals Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Seong Won Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health Korea Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ju Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Lim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Gimcheon, Korea
| | - Wan-Kyu Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; GutBiomeTech, Cheongju, Korea.
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Choi JH, Ali MS, Moon BY, Kang HY, Kim SJ, Song HJ, Mechesso AF, Moon DC, Lim SK. Prevalence and Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Dogs and Cats in South Korea. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040745. [PMID: 37107106 PMCID: PMC10135382 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Overall, 836 Escherichia coli isolates (695 isolates from dogs and 141 from cats) were recovered from the diarrhea, skin/ear, urine, and genitals of dogs and cats between 2018 and 2019. Cefovecin and enrofloxacin resistance were noted in 17.1% and 21.2% of E. coli isolates, respectively. The cefovecin and enrofloxacin resistance rates were higher in dog isolates (18.1% and 22.9%) compared with the rates in cat isolates (12.1%, 12.8%). Interestingly, resistance to both antimicrobials was noted in 10.8% (90/836) of the isolates, predominantly in isolates from dogs. blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-15, and blaCMY-2 were the most frequent extended-spectrum β-lactamase/plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase (ESBL/AmpC)- gene types. The co-existence of blaCTX-M andblaCMY-2 was noted in six E. coli isolates from dogs. Sequencing analysis demonstrated that S83L and D87N in gyrA and S80I in parC were the most frequent point mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of the cefovecin and enrofloxacin-resistant isolates. A total of 11 isolates from dogs carried the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (six aac(6')-Ib-cr, four qnrS, and one qnrB), while only two cat isolates carried the qnrS gene. Multilocus sequence typing of the cefovecin and enrofloxacin-resistant isolates revealed that sequence type (ST)131 E. coli carrying blaCTX-M-14 and blaCTX-M-15 genes and ST405 E. coli carrying blaCMY-2 gene were predominant among the isolated E. coli strains. The majority of the ESBL/AmpC-producing isolates displayed diverse pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles. This study demonstrated that third-generation cephalosporin- and fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli were widely distributed in companion animals. The detection of the pandemic ST131 clone carrying blaCTX-M-14/15 in companion animals presented a public health threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Choi
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Sekendar Ali
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Youn Moon
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Kang
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jeong Kim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Song
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Abraham Fikru Mechesso
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| | - Dong-Chan Moon
- Division of Antimicrobial Resistance Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Lim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
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Sun L, Meng N, Wang Z, Hong J, Dai Y, Wang Z, Wang J, Jiao X. Genomic Characterization of ESBL/AmpC-Producing Escherichia coli in Stray Dogs Sheltered in Yangzhou, China. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:7741-7750. [PMID: 36597449 PMCID: PMC9805715 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s397872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Limited data are available on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of extended spectrum β-lactamase- (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in stray dogs. We aimed to investigate the genomic characteristics of ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli isolated from stray dogs sheltered in Yangzhou, China. Methods We collected 156 samples including 115 fecal swabs, 35 kennel floor swabs, two breeder hand and shoe sole swabs, and four feed samples. The isolates were tested for resistance by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and further analyzed for cefotaxime-resistant E. coli isolates by whole genome sequencing. Results We identified 80 cefotaxime-resistant E. coli isolates (51.3%), 59 isolates (73.8%) from feces and 21 (26.2%) from the environment. Whole-genome sequencing analysis showed that bla CTX-M-15 (n=30) and bla CTX-M-55 (n=29) were the most prevalent genotypes. Two isolates only carried the AmpC β-lactamase gene bla CMY-2; one isolate had a combination of AmpC β-lactamase gene bla DHA-1 and ESBL β-lactamase gene bla CTX-M-14. Other important resistance genes such as bla OXA-10, bla TEM-1B, bla TEM-135, bla TEM-106, tet(A), qnrS1, qnrB4, and oqxAB were also detected. The serotype combination was highly abundant, with O10:H25 predominating (n=12). Most cefotaxime-resistant E. coli isolates belonged to phylogroup A (62.5%, n=50), followed by phylogroup B1 (26.3%, n=21). Thirty different sequence types (STs) and 27 distinct plasmid replicons were identified, among which ST2325 (n=12) and IncFII (n=38) was the most frequent ST and plasmid, respectively. ESBL/AmpC-producing isolates were divided into four major clades; clade IV was the primary lineage containing 37 isolates from feces and 13 from the environment. Three high-risk E. coli clone ST23 strains and one ST10 strain belonged to clades III and IV, respectively. Conclusion Our study provides a comprehensive overview of resistance profiles and genomic characteristics in ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli and highlights the possible role of stray dogs as an antibiotic resistance gene reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zecheng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Hong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Jing Wang; Xinan Jiao, Email ;
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Seo K, Do KH, Lee WK. Molecular characteristics of fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from suckling piglets with colibacillosis. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:216. [PMID: 36109712 PMCID: PMC9476276 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02632-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Colibacillosis is a frequent enteric disease in the pig industry that causes significant economic losses. The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular characteristics of fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistant E. coli isolates from suckling piglets with colibacillosis.
Results
A total of 43 FQ-resistant E. coli isolates were tested in this study and all isolates showed multi-drug resistance (MDR) and mutations in quinolone resistance determining regions (gyrA or parC). Especially, FQ-resistant E. coli isolates with double mutations in both gyrA and parC were shown a high FQs minimum inhibitory concentration (≥ 64 mg/L for ciprofloxacin, ≥ 128 mg/L for enrofloxacin, and ≥ 256 mg/L for norfloxacin). Among 43 FQ-resistant E. coli isolates, 12 (27.9%) were showed plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) positive E. coli. Prevalence of PMQR gene, aac(6’)-Ib-cr, qnrS, and qepA, were identified in 7, 3, and 2 E. coli isolates, respectively. We identified the following in PMQR-positive E. coli isolates: the tetracycline resistance genes tetD (12 isolates, 100.0%), tetE (12 isolates, 100.0%), tetA (11 isolates, 91.7%), and tetB (1 isolate, 8.3%); β-lactamases–encoding blaCMY-2 (10 isolates, 83.3%), blaTEM-1 (7 isolates, 58.3%), blaOXA-1 (7 isolates, 58.3%), blaSHV-1 (3 isolates, 16.7%), and blaAAC-2 (1 isolate, 8.3%); and the chloramphenicol resistance genes (10 isolates, 83.3%); the sulfonamide resistance genes sul1 (9 isolates, 75.0%) and sul2 (10 isolates, 83.3%); the aminoglycoside modifying enzyme gene aac(3)-II (2 isolates, 16.7%). The F4 (7 isolates, 58.3%), LT:STb:EAST1 (5 isolates, 41.7%), and paa (3 isolates, 25.0%) were most common fimbrial antigen, combinations of toxin genes, and non-fimbrial adhesins genes, respectively. All PMQR-positive E. coli carried class I integrons but only 4 isolates carried the gene cassette. The most prevalent plasmid replicon was FIB (9 isolates, 75.0%), followed by FIC, HI1, and N (7 isolates, 58.3%), respectively.
Conclusions
Because FQ-resistant E. coli can serve as a reservoir of FQ resistant genetic determinants that can be transferred to pathogenic bacteria in humans or pigs, this represents a public health hazard.
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Dissemination and Genetic Relatedness of Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from a Burn Hospital in Iraq. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2022; 2022:8243192. [PMID: 35669527 PMCID: PMC9167020 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8243192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an aggressive opportunistic bacterial pathogen that causes severe nosocomial infections, especially among burn patients. An increasing number of hospitals-acquired infections have been reported all over the world. However, little attention has been paid to the relatedness between A. baumannii isolates from different hospital environments and patients. In this study, 27 isolates were collected from the Burn and Plastic Surgery Hospital of Al Sulaymaniyah City, Iraq, from January through December 2019 (11 from patients and 16 from the wards environment), identified to species level as A. baumannii using Vitek 2 system and molecular detection of 16S rRNA gene, and then confirmed by targeting the blaOXA-51 gene. Moreover, the isolates were characterized by means of automated antimicrobial susceptibility assay, antimicrobial-resistant patterns, a phenotypic method using a combined disk test, and molecular methods for the detection of class A and C β-lactamase genes, and finally, the genetic relatedness was classified. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that 63% (17/27) of the retrieved A. baumannii isolates were extensively drug-resistant to 8/9 antimicrobial classes. Furthermore, 37% (10/27) of the isolates were classified as multidrug-resistant; 8 isolates exhibited similar resistant patterns and the other two isolates showed 2 different patterns, while resistance was greater in isolates from patients than from the ward environment. Combined disk test showed that two isolates contained extended-spectrum β-lactamase. All isolates carried blaTEM-1, and two copies of the blaCTX-1 gene were indicated in one isolate, while blaSHV was absent in all isolates. Twenty-four isolates carried the blaAmpC gene; among them, 3 isolates harbored the insertion sequence ISAba-1 upstream to the gene. Using Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus PCR, the isolates were clustered into 6 distinct types; among them, two clusters, each of four strains, were classified to contain isolates from both patients and environments. The clusters of similar genotypes were found in inpatients as well as the environments of different wards during time periods, suggesting transmission within the hospital. Identification of possible infection sources and controlling the transmission of these aggressive resistance strains should be strictly conducted.
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11
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Belas A, Marques C, Menezes J, da Gama LT, Cavaco-Silva P, Pomba C. ESBL/ pAmpC-Producing Escherichia coli Causing Urinary Tract Infections in Non-Related Companion Animals and Humans. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11050559. [PMID: 35625203 PMCID: PMC9137695 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by Escherichia coli are frequently diagnosed in humans and companion animals. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- and cephalosporinase (pAmpC)-producing Escherichia coli are worldwide-disseminated and frequently multidrug-resistant, hence leading to treatment failure and public health concerns. This study aimed to characterize and compare ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli strains causing community-acquired UTI in companion animals and non-related humans. Third-generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistant E. coli (companion animals n = 35; humans n = 85) isolated from patients with UTI were tested against 14 antimicrobials following CLSI guidelines. PCR-based assays were used to detect the major E. coli phylogenetic groups, pathogenicity associated-islands (PAIs), virulence genes, and ESBLs/pAmpC resistance genes. ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli isolates were typed by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and PCR. E. coli strains from companion animals and humans shared two MDR high-risk clonal lineages: ST131 and ST648. To the best of our knowledge, this study reports the first description of E. coli ST131 clade C1-M27 and the clonal lineage ST131 clade A in humans with community-acquired UTI in Portugal. Considering that companion animals with UTI are generally treated at home by the owners, measures should be implemented to avoid the spread of multidrug-resistant high-risk clones to humans and their household environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Belas
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal or (A.B.); or (C.M.); (J.M.); (L.T.d.G.)
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cátia Marques
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal or (A.B.); or (C.M.); (J.M.); (L.T.d.G.)
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Juliana Menezes
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal or (A.B.); or (C.M.); (J.M.); (L.T.d.G.)
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Telo da Gama
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal or (A.B.); or (C.M.); (J.M.); (L.T.d.G.)
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Cavaco-Silva
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal;
- Technophage, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Constança Pomba
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal or (A.B.); or (C.M.); (J.M.); (L.T.d.G.)
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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12
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Osińska M, Nowakiewicz A, Zięba P, Gnat S, Łagowski D, Trościańczyk A. A rich mosaic of resistance in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Poland as a potential effect of increasing synanthropization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 818:151834. [PMID: 34808162 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In our research, we analyzed the resistance of cephalosporin-resistant E. coli strains to antimicrobial agents. The strains were collected during five years from wild animal species commonly inhabiting Poland. We have identified the type of β-lactamases produced and the multidrug-resistance profile. Most strains (73.8%) had genes encoding ESBL enzymes, mainly CTX-M-1 and TEM. Almost all AmpC-β-lactamase-producing isolates had the blaCMY-2 gene. Almost 70% of the strains tested showed a multi-drug resistance profile. The dominant phenotype was resistance to tetracycline (69.05%), and/or sulfamethoxazole (57.1%). We also found high resistance to quinolones: ciprofloxacin 35.7% and nalidixic acid 52.4%. The phenotypic resistance of the strains was in most cases confirmed by the presence of corresponding genes. Among strains, 26.2% were carriers of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (PMQR). MLST analysis revealed a large clonal variation of the strains, which was reflected in 28 different sequence types. More than half of the strains (54.7%) were classified into the following sequence complexes: 10, 23, 69, 101, 155, 156, 168, 354, 398, 446, and 648. Only one strain in the studied group was assigned to the ExPEC pathotype and represented sequence type 117. The results of our research have confirmed that isolates obtained from wild animals possess many resistance determinants and sequence types, which are also found in food-producing animals and humans. This reflects the doctrine of "One health", which clearly indicates that human health is inextricably linked with animal health as well as degree of environmental contamination. We conclude that the resistance and virulence profiles of strains isolated from wildlife animals may be a resultant of various sources encountered by animals, creating a rich and varied mosaic of genes, which is very often unpredictable and not reflected in the correlation between the sequence type and the gene profile of resistance or virulence observed in epidemic clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelina Osińska
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Aneta Nowakiewicz
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Przemysław Zięba
- State Veterinary Laboratory, Droga Męczenników Majdanka 50, 20-325 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Gnat
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Dominik Łagowski
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Trościańczyk
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
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Hata A, Fujitani N, Ono F, Yoshikawa Y. Surveillance of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in Sheltered dogs in the Kanto Region of Japan. Sci Rep 2022; 12:773. [PMID: 35031646 PMCID: PMC8760262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04435-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a lack of an established antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance system in animal welfare centers. Therefore, the AMR prevalence in shelter dogs is rarely known. Herein, we conducted a survey in animal shelters in Chiba and Kanagawa prefectures, in the Kanto Region, Japan, to ascertain the AMR status of Escherichia coli (E. coli) prevalent in shelter dogs. E. coli was detected in the fecal samples of all 61 and 77 shelter dogs tested in Chiba and Kanagawa, respectively. The AMR was tested against 20 antibiotics. E. coli isolates derived from 16.4% and 26.0% of samples from Chiba and Kanagawa exhibited resistance to at least one antibiotic, respectively. E. coli in samples from Chiba and Kanagawa prefectures were commonly resistant to ampicillin, piperacillin, streptomycin, kanamycin, tetracycline, and nalidixic acid; that from the Kanagawa Prefecture to cefazolin, cefotaxime, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin and that from Chiba Prefecture to chloramphenicol and imipenem. Multidrug-resistant bacteria were detected in 18 dogs from both regions; β-lactamase genes (blaTEM, blaDHA-1, blaCTX-M-9 group CTX-M-14), quinolone-resistance protein genes (qnrB and qnrS), and mutations in quinolone-resistance-determining regions (gyrA and parC) were detected. These results could partially represent the AMR data in shelter dogs in the Kanto Region of Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihisa Hata
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ikoino-oka 1-3, Imabari, Ehime, 7948555, Japan
- Biomedical Science Examination and Research Center, Okayama University of Science, Ikoino-oka 1-3, Imabari, Ehime, 7948555, Japan
| | - Noboru Fujitani
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ikoino-oka 1-3, Imabari, Ehime, 7948555, Japan.
- Biomedical Science Examination and Research Center, Okayama University of Science, Ikoino-oka 1-3, Imabari, Ehime, 7948555, Japan.
| | - Fumiko Ono
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ikoino-oka 1-3, Imabari, Ehime, 7948555, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ikoino-oka 1-3, Imabari, Ehime, 7948555, Japan
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14
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Liu FL, Kuan NL, Yeh KS. Presence of the Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase and Plasmid-Mediated AmpC-Encoding Genes in Escherichia coli from Companion Animals-A Study from a University-Based Veterinary Hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10121536. [PMID: 34943748 PMCID: PMC8698527 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10121536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamase are two enzymes commonly found in Enterobacteriaceae that confer resistance to major antibiotics, such as third-generation cephalosporins that are widely prescribed for both human and animals. We screened for Escherichia coli producing ESBL and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase (pAmpC) from dogs and cats brought to National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan from 29 June 2020, to 31 December 2020. The genotypes and phylogenetic relatedness of these E. coli were also analyzed. Fifty samples of E. coli obtained from 249 bacterial isolates were included in this study. Among them, eight isolates had ESBL, seven had pAmpC, and one had both. Thirty-two percent (16/50) of E. coli isolates were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins. The detected ESBL genes included the blaCTX-M-1 and blaCTX-M-9 groups, and the blaCMY-2 group was the only gene type found in pAmpC. ESBL-producing E. coli belonged to the pathogenic phylogroup B2, and the sequence types (STs) were ST131 and ST1193. Three isolates were determined to be ST131-O25b, a highly virulent epidemic clone. The pAmpC-producing E. coli were distributed in multiple phylogroups, primarily the commensal phylogroup B1. The STs of the pAmpC-producing E. coli included ST155, ST315, ST617, ST457, ST767, ST372, and ST93; all of these have been reported in humans and animals. Imipenem was active against all the ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli; however, since in humans it is a last-resort antimicrobial, its use in companion animals should be restricted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ling Liu
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (F.-L.L.); (N.-L.K.)
| | - Nan-Ling Kuan
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (F.-L.L.); (N.-L.K.)
- Biology Division, Animal Health Research Institute, Tansui, New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Sheng Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (F.-L.L.); (N.-L.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-33661289
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15
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Nittayasut N, Yindee J, Boonkham P, Yata T, Suanpairintr N, Chanchaithong P. Multiple and High-Risk Clones of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant and blaNDM-5-Harbouring Uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Cats and Dogs in Thailand. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1374. [PMID: 34827312 PMCID: PMC8614778 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) and carbapenems in Escherichia coli (E. coli), increasingly identified in small animals, indicates a crisis of an antimicrobial resistance situation in veterinary medicine and public health. This study aimed to characterise the genetic features of ESC-resistant E. coli isolated from cats and dogs with urinary tract infections in Thailand. Of 72 ESC-resistant E. coli isolated from diagnostic samples (2016-2018), blaCTX-M including group 1 (CTX-M-55, -15 and -173) and group 9 (CTX-M-14, -27, -65 and -90) variants were detected in 47 isolates (65.28%) using PCR and DNA sequencing. Additional antimicrobial resistance genes, including plasmid-mediated AmpC (CIT and DHA), blaNDM-5, mcr-3, mph(A) and aac(6')-Ib-cr, were detected in these isolates. Using a broth microdilution assay, all the strains exhibited multidrug-resistant phenotypes. The phylogroups were F (36.11%), A (20.83%), B1 (19.44%), B2 (19.44%) and D (4.17%), with several virulence genes, plasmid replicons and an integrase gene. The DNA fingerprinting using a repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence-PCR presented clonal relationships within phylogroups. Multiple human-associated, high-risk ExPEC clones associated with multidrug resistance, including sequence type (ST) 38, ST131, ST224, ST167, ST354, ST410, ST617 and ST648, were identified, suggesting clonal dissemination. Dogs and cats are a potential reservoir of ESC-resistant E. coli and significant antimicrobial resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiyaphat Nittayasut
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (N.N.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jitrapa Yindee
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (N.N.); (J.Y.)
| | - Pongthai Boonkham
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Teerapong Yata
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Nipattra Suanpairintr
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Pattrarat Chanchaithong
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (N.N.); (J.Y.)
- Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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16
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Kim H, Kim YA, Seo YH, Lee H, Lee K. Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli from Multiple Sectors of Poultry Industry in Korea. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10091050. [PMID: 34572632 PMCID: PMC8466054 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) from poultry, the poultry farm environment, and workers in Korea. A total of 1376 non-duplicate samples were collected from 21 poultry farms, 20 retail stores, 6 slaughterhouses, and 111 workers in a nationwide study in Korea from January 2019 to August 2019. The overall positive rate of ESBL-EC was 6.8%, with variable positive rates according to sources (0.9% of worker, 5.2% of poultry, 10.0% of chicken meat, and 14.3% of environment). Common ESBL types were CTX-M-55 and CTX-M-14 in a total of 93 ESBL-EC isolates. Whole genome sequencing revealed that 84 ESBL-EC isolates had an outstanding accumulation of numerous antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes associated with resistance to various classes of antimicrobials for human use and well-known antimicrobial gene (ARG)-carrying plasmids. Core gene multi locus sequence typing, using 2390 core genes, indicated no dominant clone or common type in each province. In conclusion, the isolation rates of ESBL-EC were not negligible in the poultry industry-related samples, sharing common ESBL types of human ESBL-EC isolates in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsoo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Police Hospital, Seoul 05715, Korea;
| | - Young Ah Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang 10444, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-900-0908
| | - Young Hee Seo
- Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.H.S.); (H.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Hyukmin Lee
- Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.H.S.); (H.L.); (K.L.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Kyungwon Lee
- Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.H.S.); (H.L.); (K.L.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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17
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Salgado-Caxito M, Benavides JA, Adell AD, Paes AC, Moreno-Switt AI. Global prevalence and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing- Escherichia coli in dogs and cats - A scoping review and meta-analysis. One Health 2021; 12:100236. [PMID: 33889706 PMCID: PMC8050393 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a major threat to human and animal health. Part of the AMR dimension is the circulation of extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing-Escherichia coli (ESBL-E. coli), which is now commonly reported among companion animals. However, the global perspective of the prevalence and population structure of ESBL-E. coli circulating in dogs and cats has not been estimated limiting our understanding of their role in the dissemination of ESBL-E. coli. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of ESBL-E. coli between dogs and cats and across countries through meta-analysis. We also performed a scoping review to summarize the current knowledge on ESBL genes and E. coli clones circulating among companion animals. A total of 128 studies published in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus up to April 2020 were selected and contained information on prevalence and/or molecular characterization of ESBL genes and ESBL-E. coli clones. Our review shows an increase in the number of publications between 2000 and 2019, concentrated mainly in Europe. Prevalence varied across continents, ranging from 0.63% (Oceania) to 16.56% (Africa) in dogs and from 0% (Oceania) to 16.82% (Asia) in cats. Although there were twice as many studies reporting prevalence on dogs (n = 61) than on cats (n = 32), and only 9 studies focused exclusively on cats, our meta-analysis showed no difference in the global prevalence of ESBL-E. coli between dogs (6.87% [95% CI: 4.46-10.45%]) and cats (5.04% [95% CI: 2.42-10.22%]). A considerable diversity of ESBL genes (n = 60) and sequence types (ST) (n = 171) were recovered from companion animals. ESBL-E. coli encoded by CTX-M-15 (67.5%, 77/114) and SHV-12 (21.9%, 25/114), along with resistant strains of ST38 (22.7%, 15/66) and ST131 (50%, 33/66) were widespread and detected in all continents. While presence of ESBL-E. coli is widespread, the drivers influencing the observed ESBL-E. coli prevalence and the clinical relevance in veterinary medicine and public health along with economic impact of ESBL-E. coli infections among companion animals need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Salgado-Caxito
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research On Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
| | - Julio A. Benavides
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research On Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación para la Sustentabilidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Aiko D. Adell
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research On Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Antonio Carlos Paes
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea I. Moreno-Switt
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research On Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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18
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Molecular characterization of fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli from broiler breeder farms. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101250. [PMID: 34182220 PMCID: PMC8250447 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) have been used effectively antimicrobial agents of choice for treatment of various infections caused by E. coli and FQs-resistance of E. coli from broiler breeders has been implicated in its vertical transmission to their offspring. The objective of this study investigated the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of FQ-resistant E. coli isolates from broiler breeder farms in Korea. A total of 106 FQ-resistant E. coli isolates were tested in this study and all isolates had mutations in quinolone resistance determining regions; all (100%) had mutations in gyrA, 89 (84.0%) had mutations in parE, 8 (7.5%) isolates showed the mutations with parC and parE, and none had mutations in gyrB. The predominant mutation type was double mutation in gyrA (S83L and D87N), and all FQ-resistant E. coli isolates that had mutations in parC or parE also had double mutations in gyrA. Especially, FQ-resistant E. coli isolates which possessed double mutations in gyrA in combination with double mutations in parC or single mutations in both parC and parE were shown high levels of minimum inhibitory concentrations rage. Of the 23 plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR)-positive E. coli isolates, qnrS was detected in 10 (9.4%) isolates, and followed by qnrA (7 isolates, 6.6%), qnrB (4 isolates, 3.8%), and aac(6′)-Ib-cr (2 isolates, 1.9%). Sixteen (69.6%) of the 23 PMQR-positive E. coli isolates harbored class 1 integrons with four different gene cassette arrangements and total of 9 plasmid replicon types were also identified in 23 PMQR-positive E. coli isolates. This is the first study to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of FQ-resistant and PMQR-positive E. coli isolated from the broiler breeder in Korea; it supports that constant monitoring and studies at the broiler breeder level are required to prevent the pyramidal transmission of FQ-resistant E. coli.
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Shin SR, Noh SM, Jung WK, Shin S, Park YK, Moon DC, Lim SK, Park YH, Park KT. Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing and AmpC β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales Isolated from Companion Animals in Korea. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10030249. [PMID: 33802246 PMCID: PMC8001212 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10030249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Gram-negative bacteria is of great concern in both human and veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate ESC-resistant bacterial isolates from companion animals in South Korea between 2017 and 2019. Isolates with ESC resistance genes, which were identified by PCR, were assessed for genetic relatedness by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). In total, 91 ESC-resistant Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Serratia spp., and Enterobacter cloacae isolates harbored the blaTEM gene. Among other ESC resistance genes, blaCTX-M-15, blaCIT, and blaCTX-M-55 were predominantly detected in E. coli isolates, whereas blaSHV and blaDHA were more frequently detected in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. In addition, all blaEBC-positive isolates were classified as E. cloacae. From the MLST results, blaCTX-M-9-carrying ST131, blaCIT-carrying ST405, and blaCTX-M-1-carrying ST3285 strains were dominant among E. coli isolates. ST273 and ST275 strains harboring blaSHV were frequently detected in K. pneumoniae isolates. Various sequence types were obtained in E. cloacae and Klebsiella oxytoca isolates. All isolates demonstrated unique PFGE profiles (<57–98% similarity) and were unlikely to be derived from a single clone. The present study reveals the presence and wide genetic distribution of ESC-resistant bacterial species in South Korean companion animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Ra Shin
- Department of Pathobiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.R.S.); (S.M.N.); (S.S.); (Y.K.P.); (Y.H.P.)
- BK21 PLUS Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seong Mi Noh
- Department of Pathobiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.R.S.); (S.M.N.); (S.S.); (Y.K.P.); (Y.H.P.)
- BK21 PLUS Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Woo Kyung Jung
- Department of Pathobiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.R.S.); (S.M.N.); (S.S.); (Y.K.P.); (Y.H.P.)
- Correspondence: (W.K.J.); (K.T.P.)
| | - Sook Shin
- Department of Pathobiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.R.S.); (S.M.N.); (S.S.); (Y.K.P.); (Y.H.P.)
| | - Young Kyung Park
- Department of Pathobiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.R.S.); (S.M.N.); (S.S.); (Y.K.P.); (Y.H.P.)
| | - Dong Chan Moon
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea; (D.C.M.); (S.-K.L.)
| | - Suk-Kyung Lim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea; (D.C.M.); (S.-K.L.)
| | - Yong Ho Park
- Department of Pathobiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.R.S.); (S.M.N.); (S.S.); (Y.K.P.); (Y.H.P.)
| | - Kun Taek Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea
- Correspondence: (W.K.J.); (K.T.P.)
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Riley LW. Distinguishing Pathovars from Nonpathovars: Escherichia coli. Microbiol Spectr 2020; 8:10.1128/microbiolspec.ame-0014-2020. [PMID: 33385193 PMCID: PMC10773148 DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.ame-0014-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is one of the most well-adapted and pathogenically versatile bacterial organisms. It causes a variety of human infections, including gastrointestinal illnesses and extraintestinal infections. It is also part of the intestinal commensal flora of humans and other mammals. Groups of E. coli that cause diarrhea are often described as intestinal pathogenic E. coli (IPEC), while those that cause infections outside of the gut are called extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). IPEC can cause a variety of diarrheal illnesses as well as extraintestinal syndromes such as hemolytic-uremic syndrome. ExPEC cause urinary tract infections, bloodstream infection, sepsis, and neonatal meningitis. IPEC and ExPEC have thus come to be referred to as pathogenic variants of E. coli or pathovars. While IPEC can be distinguished from commensal E. coli based on their characteristic virulence factors responsible for their associated clinical manifestations, ExPEC cannot be so easily distinguished. IPEC most likely have reservoirs outside of the human intestine but it is unclear if ExPEC represent nothing more than commensal E. coli that breach a sterile barrier to cause extraintestinal infections. This question has become more complicated by the advent of whole genome sequencing (WGS) that has raised a new question about the taxonomic characterization of E. coli based on traditional clinical microbiologic and phylogenetic methods. This review discusses how molecular epidemiologic approaches have been used to address these questions, and how answers to these questions may contribute to our better understanding of the epidemiology of infections caused by E. coli. *This article is part of a curated collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee W Riley
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
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Seo KW, Lee YJ. The occurrence of CTX-M-producing E. coli in the broiler parent stock in Korea. Poult Sci 2020; 100:1008-1015. [PMID: 33518059 PMCID: PMC7858018 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of antimicrobials are used for the treatment of bacterial infections, and the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) in livestock and the transfer of resistant isolates to humans poses a serious potential risk to public health. In particular, broiler parent stock produce thousands of eggs for commercial broiler chickens and can transfer antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and drug-resistance genes to chicks. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing E. coli isolated from the broiler parent stock in Korea. Among 51 cefotaxime-resistant E. coli isolates, 45 (88.2%) isolates were identified as multidrug resistant and 21 isolates showed phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of CTX-M-producing E. coli. The CTX-M genes CTX-M-14, CTX-M-15, CTX-M-1, and CTX-M-1 were detected in 10, 7, 3, and 1 isolates, respectively. ISEcp1 or IS26 + ISEcp1 were identified upstream of all CTX-M-type genes, and orf477 and IS903 were detected downstream of 9 and 10 CTX-M-type genes, respectively. Thirteen (61.9%) of the 21 CTX-M-producing E. coli isolates harbored class 1 integrons with 4 different gene cassette arrangements. Among the plasmid replicons, CTX-M-1 was located on I1, F, and FIB; CTX-M-14 on F and FII; CTX-M-15 on FII, FIA, and FIB; and CTX-M-65 on FIB. This is the first study to investigate the presence and distribution of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant and CTX-M-producing E. coli isolated from the broiler parent stock level in Korea, and the results indicate that comprehensive surveillance and persistent monitoring systems in broiler parent stock farms are necessary to prevent the dissemination of resistant isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Won Seo
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, 39762, USA
| | - Young Ju Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Seo KW, Lee YJ. Prevalence and Characterization of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinants qnr and aac( 6')- Ib- cr in Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Commercial Layer in Korea. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:1180-1183. [PMID: 32423191 PMCID: PMC9728193 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2003.03058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence and characterization of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants in ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from a Korean commercial layer farm were studied. A total of 45 ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli isolates were recovered and all isolates were multidrug-resistant. Eight isolates have the PMQR genes aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1, and qnrB4, and seven isolates exhibited double amino acid exchange at both gyrA and parC, and have high fluoroquinolone minimum inhibitory concentrations. Five transconjugants demonstrated transferability of PMQR and β-lactamase genes and similar antimicrobial resistance. Because PMQR genes in isolates from commercial layer chickens could enter the food supply and directly affect humans, control of ciprofloxacin resistance is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Won Seo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea,Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, MS 39762, USA
| | - Young Ju Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-53-950-7793 Fax: +82-505-950-7793 E-mail:
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Loncaric I, Misic D, Szostak MP, Künzel F, Schäfer-Somi S, Spergser J. Broad-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant and/or Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Enterobacterales Associated with Canine and Feline Urogenital Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E387. [PMID: 32645942 PMCID: PMC7399855 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9070387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to characterize Enterobacterales resistant to 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins, carbapenems and/or fluoroquinolones, isolated from dogs and cats with urogenital infections. In total, 36 strains (Escherichia coli (n = 28), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 3), Serratia marcescens, Raoultella ornithinolytica, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter portucalensis and Enterobacter cloacae (each n = 1)) were included in the present study, 28 from Austria and 8 from Serbia. Isolates were characterized by a polyphasic approach including susceptibility pheno- and genotyping and microarray-based assays. Escherichia (E.) coli isolates were additionally characterized by two-locus (fumC and fimH) sequence phylotyping and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) of selected isolates. MLST of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae isolates was also performed. Among E. coli, the most dominant phylogenetic group was B1 (27.8%), followed by C, (16.6%), A and Clade II (5.5% each), B2 and F (2.77% each). The most predominant β-lactam resistance genes were blaTEM (70%) and blaCTX-M (38.8%), blaCMY (25%). blaNDM was detected in one carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae ST114. The most common ST among selected E. coli was 744 (10.7% isolates). The pandemic clones ST131 and ST648 carrying CTX-M-15 were also detected. Remaining STs belonged to 469, 1287, 1463 and 1642. E. coli clonotyping revealed 20 CH types. Based on the presence of certain virulence genes, three isolates were categorized as ExPEC/UPEC. The most prevalent virulence factors were fimH detected in 61%, iucD and iss both in 55%, iroN in 27.8%, papC in 13.8% and sat in 8.3% isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Loncaric
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Dusan Misic
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Michael P. Szostak
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Frank Künzel
- Clinic for Small Animals, Internal Medicine Unit, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Sabine Schäfer-Somi
- Department for Small Animals and Horses, Platform for AI and ET, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Joachim Spergser
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.S.); (J.S.)
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Yoon MY, Kim YB, Ha JS, Seo KW, Noh EB, Son SH, Lee YJ. Molecular characteristics of fluoroquinolone-resistant avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3628-3636. [PMID: 32616259 PMCID: PMC7597827 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a major pathogen in the poultry industry worldwide including Korea. In this study, the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of 33 fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistant APEC isolates from broilers were analyzed. All FQ-resistant APEC isolates showed amino acid exchanges at both gyrA and parC and high minimal inhibitory concentrations for FQs. A total of 11 (33.3%) isolates were positive for the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, qnrA (8 isolates) and qnrS (3 isolates), and showed multidrug resistance. Among the 11 PMQR-positive isolates, 1 and 2 isolates carried blaCTX-1 and blaCTX-15, respectively, as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers, and the non-ESBL gene, blaTEM-1, was found in 4 isolates. Among 3 aminoglycoside-resistant isolates, aac(3)-II was only detected in 1 isolate. All 8 APEC isolates with resistance to tetracycline carried the tetA gene. Overall, 6 of the 7 trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant isolates carried the sul1 or sul2 genes, while only 2 of the 8 chloramphenicol-resistant isolates carried the catA1 gene. Although 9 isolates carried class I integrons, only 4 isolates carried the gene cassettes dfrA12-aadA2 (2 isolates), dfrA17-aadA5 (1 isolate), extX-psp-aadA2 (1 isolate), and dfrA27 (1 isolate). The most common plasmid replicon was FIB (8 isolates, 72.7%), followed by K/B (4 isolates, 36.4%). Antimicrobial resistance monitoring and molecular analysis of APEC should be performed continuously to surveil the transmission between poultry farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Young Yoon
- Quality Management Department, Samhwa GPS Breeding Agri. Inc., Hongseong-gun, Chung Nam, 32291, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Bin Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Su Ha
- Quality Management Department, Samhwa GPS Breeding Agri. Inc., Hongseong-gun, Chung Nam, 32291, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Won Seo
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, 39762, USA
| | - Eun Bi Noh
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyun Son
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Seo KW, Shim JB, Kim YB, Son SH, Bi Noh E, Yoon S, Lim SK, Ju Lee Y. Impacts and characteristics of antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolates by administration of third-generation cephalosporins in layer hatcheries. Vet Microbiol 2020; 243:108643. [PMID: 32273023 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the characteristics and persistence of Escherichia coli resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) by early administration of ceftiofur or gentamicin and to analyze the impact of 3GC use in hatcheries. We studied 10 ceftiofur-treated flocks (CTFs) and 10 gentamicin-treated flocks (GTFs) of layers. Fecal samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 8, 18, and 30 weeks of age for all flocks. Among the 446 E. coli isolates, 58 (29.0 %) of 200 isolates in CTFs were identified as 3GC-resistant E. coli and 28 (11.4 %) of 246 isolates in GTFs were identified as 3GC-resistant E. coli. The presence of 3GC-resistant E. coli isolates at 1, 2, and 4 weeks was significantly higher in CTFs than in GTFs (p < 0.05). Moreover, the rate of resistance to 3GCs gradually decreased from 83.3 % at 1 week of age to 4.4 % at 30 weeks of age in CTFs. Of the 86 3GC-resistant E. coli isolates, 32 isolates had β-lactamase-encoding gene: blaCTX-M-14 (ten isolates), blaCTX-M-15 (three isolates), blaCMY-2 (five isolates), and blaTEM-1 (twenty-five isolates) genes. Plasmid replicon typing revealed that blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-15, blaCMY-2, and blaTEM-1 were located on F, F and FIB, I1 and K, and I1 and FII, respectively. Furthermore, 18 isolates carried class 1 integrons, with four different gene cassettes. These results revealed that ceftiofur used in hatcheries can lead to an increase in the number of 3GC-resistant E. coli with many characteristics. A voluntary ban must be imposed on the use of 3GCs for 1-day-old chicks in poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Won Seo
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762, USA; College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Bo Shim
- Korean Poultry TS Co., Ltd., Icheon 17415, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Bin Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyun Son
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Bi Noh
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghyun Yoon
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Lim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Na SH, Moon DC, Kang HY, Song HJ, Kim SJ, Choi JH, Yoon JW, Yoon SS, Lim SK. Molecular characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase/AmpC-producing Salmonella enterica serovar Virchow isolated from food-producing animals during 2010-2017 in South Korea. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 322:108572. [PMID: 32169770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Global dissemination of non-typhoidal Salmonella producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) is a public-health concern. Recently, the prevalence of Salmonella spp. resistant to third-generation cephalosporins has been increasing in food-producing animals in Korea. In this study, we investigated resistance mechanisms and molecular characteristics of S. Virchow isolates resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs). We obtained 265 S. Virchow isolates from fecal and carcasses samples of cattle (n = 2), pigs (n = 7), and chickens (n = 256) during 2010-2017, and observed high ESC-resistance (63.8%, 169/265); most of the resistant isolates (96.4%) were obtained from chickens. ESC-resistant S. Virchow isolates (n = 169) showed significantly higher resistance rates to other antimicrobials (especially aminoglycosides and tetracycline, p-value <0.0001), as well as prevalence of multidrug resistance, than did ESC-susceptible S. Virchow isolates (n = 96). All ESC-resistant S. Virchow produced CTX-M-15-type ESBL (n = 147) and/or CMY-2-type AmpC β-lactamase (n = 23). ESC-resistant S. Virchow represented seven pulsotypes, predominantly composed of type II (58.6%) and III (26.0%), detected in 69 farms in 10 provinces, and 33 farms in 7 provinces, respectively. Genes encoding ESC-resistance were horizontally transferred by conjugation to recipient E. coli J53; this was demonstrated in 28.8% (42/146) of blaCTX-M-15-positive isolates and in 50.0% (11/22) of blaCMY-2-positive isolates. All conjugative plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-15 and blaCMY-2 genes belonged to ST2-IncHI2 and ST12/CC12-IncI1, respectively. Genetic features of transferred bla genes were involved with ISEcp1 in both blaCTX-M-15 and blaCMY-2; ISEcp1 plays a critical role in the efficient capture, expression, and mobilization of bla genes. In addition to blaCTX-M-15 genes, resistance markers to aminoglycosides and/or tetracycline were co-transferred to recipient E. coli J53. Our results show a high prevalence of ESBL-producing S. Virchow in chickens and chicken carcasses. Specific blaCTX-M-15 and blaCMY-2-carrying S. Virchow clones and plasmids were predominant in food-producing animals nationwide. Restriction of antimicrobial use and proper biosecurity practices at the farm level should be urgently implemented in the poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hyeon Na
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Chan Moon
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee Young Kang
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Ju Song
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea.
| | - Su-Jeong Kim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Hyun Choi
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jang Won Yoon
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soon-Seek Yoon
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea.
| | - Suk-Kyung Lim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea.
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Obeng-Nkrumah N, Labi AK, Blankson H, Awuah-Mensah G, Oduro-Mensah D, Anum J, Teye J, Kwashie SD, Bako E, Ayeh-Kumi PF, Asmah R. Household cockroaches carry CTX-M-15-, OXA-48- and NDM-1-producing enterobacteria, and share beta-lactam resistance determinants with humans. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:272. [PMID: 31801455 PMCID: PMC6894353 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1629-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to investigate whether household cockroaches harbor cephalosporin-resistant enterobacteria that share resistance determinants with human inhabitants. From February through July 2016, whole cockroach homogenates and human fecal samples from 100 households were cultured for cephalosporin-resistant enterobacteria (CRe). The CRe were examined for plasmid-mediated AmpC, ESBL, and carbapenemase genes; antibiotic susceptibility patterns; and conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Clonal associations between CRe were determined by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). RESULTS Twenty CRe were recovered from whole cockroach homogenates from 15 households. The prevalence of households with cockroaches that harbored CRe, AmpC- (based on phenotype, with no identifiable blaAmpC genes), ESBL-, and carbapenemase-producers were 15, 4, 5%(2 blaCTX-M-15/TEM-1; 1 blaCTX-M-15/TEM-4; 1 blaTEM-24; 1 blaSHV-4) and 3%(2 blaNDM-1 genes and 1 blaOXA-48 gene), respectively. Overall, 20 CRe were recovered from 61 fecal samples of inhabitants from all 15 households that had cockroach samples positive for CRe. Of these, 5CRe (1 per household) were positive for ESBLs (blaTEM-24, blaTEM-14, blaCTX-M-15/TEM-4, blaSHV-3, blaCTX-M-15/TEM-1) and none carried AmpCs or carbapenemases. From 4% of households, the pair of cockroach and human CRe shared the same sequence type (ST), clonal complex (CC), antibiogram, and conjugable bla gene sequence (house 34, E. coli ST9/CC20-blaTEM-4; house 37, E. coli ST44/CC10-blaCTX-15/TEM-4; house 41, E. coli ST443/CC205-blaCTX-15/TEM-1; house 49, K. pneumoniae ST231/CC131-blaSHV-13). CONCLUSION The findings provide evidence that household cockroaches may carry CTX-M-15-, OXA-48- and NDM-1-producers, and share clonal relationship and beta-lactam resistance determinants with humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Obeng-Nkrumah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, P.O. Box KB 143, Accra, Ghana, West Africa
| | - Appiah-Korang Labi
- Department of Microbiology, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, P.O. Box 77, Accra, Ghana, West Africa
| | - Harriet Blankson
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, P.O. Box KB 143, Accra, Ghana, West Africa. .,Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology, Research Centre Bostel, Leibniz Lung Center, Parkallee 1-40, 23845, Borstel, Germany.
| | | | - Daniel Oduro-Mensah
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, University for Development Studies, Navrongo Campus, P.O. Box 24, Navrongo, Ghana, West Africa
| | - Judelove Anum
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, P.O. Box KB 143, Accra, Ghana, West Africa
| | - James Teye
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, P.O. Box KB 143, Accra, Ghana, West Africa
| | - Solomon Dzidzornu Kwashie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, P.O. Box KB 143, Accra, Ghana, West Africa
| | - Evariste Bako
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Patrick Ferdinand Ayeh-Kumi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, P.O. Box KB 143, Accra, Ghana, West Africa
| | - Richard Asmah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, P.O. Box KB 143, Accra, Ghana, West Africa
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Hassen B, Saloua B, Abbassi MS, Ruiz-Ripa L, Mama OM, Hassen A, Hammami S, Torres C. mcr-1 encoding colistin resistance in CTX-M-1/CTX-M-15- producing Escherichia coli isolates of bovine and caprine origins in Tunisia. First report of CTX-M-15-ST394/D E. coli from goats. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 67:101366. [PMID: 31627036 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2019.101366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) from raw bovine and caprine milk samples, as well as from bovine faeces in Tunisia. Therefore, 120 bovine faecal samples and 9 caprine raw milk samples were collected from 2 extensive dairy-cow-farms and 5 ovine farms, respectively. In addition, 94 raw bovine milk samples, from containers and holding tanks from 50 small public-markets in the North of Tunisia, were processed for the isolation of cefotaxime-resistant E. coli (CTXR). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by disc-diffusion/broth-microdilution methods. The presence of genes encoding ESBL, as well as those encoding colistin (mcr-1 to 5 genes)- sulfonamide-, tetracycline-, gentamicin-, quinolone and chloramphenicol-resistance and class 1 integrons were tested by PCR (and sequencing in some cases). ESBL-EC isolates were further characterized by phylogrouping and MLST/PFGE typing. Eight samples (3.6%) contained ESBL-EC isolates (3/2 from raw bovine/goat milk and 3 from cattle faeces) and one isolate/sample was characterized. Four ESBL-EC isolates, all of bovine origin (3 faeces/1 milk), were resistant to colistin (MIC: 8-16 μg/ml), harboured the mcr-1 gene and carried IncP- and IncFIB-type plasmids. The 8 ESBL-EC strains had the following characteristics: a) bovine faeces: mcr-1/CTX-M-1/D-ST1642 (3 strains); b) raw milk: mcr-1/CTX-M-1/A-ST10 (1 strain); CTX-M-15/B1-ST394 (3 strains), and CTX-M-15/A-ST46 (1 strain). Most of bovine ESBL-EC isolates were multidrug-resistant (4/5). Our results showed that ESBL-EC were detected in bovine and caprine samples (CTX-M-1/CTX-M-15 producers), being some of them colistin-resistant (associated with mcr-1 gene), and they belonged to international clonal lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilel Hassen
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie, 20 rue Jebel Lakhdhar, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
| | - Benlabidi Saloua
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie, 20 rue Jebel Lakhdhar, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Salah Abbassi
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie, 20 rue Jebel Lakhdhar, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1006, Tunisia; Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Laboratoire de résistance aux antibiotiques LR99ES09, Tunisia
| | - Laura Ruiz-Ripa
- Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentación, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Olouwafemi M Mama
- Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentación, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Abdennaceur Hassen
- Laboratoire de Traitement des Eaux Usées, Centre des Recherches et des Technologies des Eaux (CERTE), Technopole Borj-Cédria, BP 273, 8020, Soliman, Tunisia
| | - Salah Hammami
- Université de la Manouba, IRESA, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet 2020, Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Carmen Torres
- Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentación, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain.
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Hong JS, Song W, Park HM, Oh JY, Chae JC, Shin S, Jeong SH. Clonal Spread of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Between Companion Animals and Humans in South Korea. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1371. [PMID: 31275286 PMCID: PMC6591270 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Enterobacteriaceae is an increasingly important problem in both human and veterinary medicine. The aims of this study were to describe a comparative molecular characterization of Enterobacteriaceae carrying ESC resistance genes, encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC, isolated from human stool samples, rectal swabs from companion animals, and swabs from the environment of veterinarian hospitals in South Korea, and to examine their possible dissemination and transmission. The ESC resistance genes were identified by PCR and sequencing. Isolates with the predominant ESC resistance genes were assessed for their genetic relatedness by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multi-locus sequence typing. A total of 195 Escherichia coli and 41 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates that exhibited ESC resistance were recovered on CHROMagar ESBL from human, companion animal, and the veterinary hospital environmental samples. In companion animals, most of the ESC resistance genes were blaCMY–2–like (26.4%), followed by blaCTX –M–55 (17.2%) and blaCTX–M–14 (16.1%), whereas blaCTX–M–15 (28.6%) was predominant in human samples. The epidemiological relatedness of isolates carrying ESC resistance genes, including 124 E. coli and 23 K. pneumoniae isolates carrying CMY-2-like, DHA-1-like, or/and CTX-M-type, were analyzed by PFGE. The pulsotypes of five E. coli isolates (three from dogs and two from humans) carrying blaCMY–2–like, which were attributed to sequence type 405, from different veterinary clinics showed >85% similarity. Our results indicate direct transmission and dissemination of ESC-resistant Enterobacteriaceae between humans and companion animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sung Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wonkeun Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hee-Myung Park
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Konkuk University College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Oh
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Konkuk University College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Chae
- Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Saeam Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seok Hoon Jeong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Jeon HY, Seo KW, Kim YB, Kim DK, Kim SW, Lee YJ. Characteristics of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Salmonella from retail chicken meat produced by integrated broiler operations. Poult Sci 2019; 98:1766-1774. [PMID: 30535173 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrated broiler operations, which control and operate vertically through all phases of the chicken industry, have applied biosecurity and sanitation practices, housing technologies, feeding regimens, and antibiotic applications in different ways to improve food safety. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella isolates recovered from 6 different integrated broiler operations and to analyze the characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase (pAmpC)-producing Salmonella isolates. Among 336 chicken meat samples, 57 were observed to be positive for Salmonella. However, the prevalence varied from 6.8% to 45.8% in chicken meat, indicating variations in Salmonella occurrence among the operations. Salmonella Albany was the dominant serovar, followed by Salmonella Virchow. In the antimicrobial resistance test, nalidixic acid-resistant isolates were the most prevalent (73.7%), followed by isolates resistant to ampicillin (49.1%) and tetracycline (42.1%). Among 14 third-generation cephalosporin-resistant isolates, 9 (64.3%) ESBL/pAmpC-producing isolates were only obtained from 2 operations: blaCTX-M-15 (n = 7) and blaCTX-M-79 (n = 1) for ESBL genes and blaCMY-2 (n = 1) for pAmpC. All ESBL/pAmpC-positive isolates exhibited high minimum inhibitory concentrations (≥128 μg/mL) of most cephalosporins and showed multidrug resistance. The transfer of ESBL/pAmpC genes was confirmed in transconjugants, which had the same genes and similar resistance patterns as those of the donor. Our findings suggest that Salmonella with resistance to third-generation cephalosporins can now be found in association with integrated broiler operations, providing data to support the development of monitoring and prevention programs for the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance in integrated broiler operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Young Jeon
- Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Won Seo
- Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Bin Kim
- Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kyu Kim
- Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Woo Kim
- Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Shim JB, Seo KW, Kim YB, Jeon HY, Lim SK, Lee YJ. Molecular characteristics of extended-spectrum and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from commercial layer in Korea. Poult Sci 2019; 98:949-956. [PMID: 30239888 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the poultry industry, commercial layer farms play an important role in meeting the protein demand through the supply of eggs. However, the risk of contamination by β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in eggs laid by commercial chickens is significant. In this study, we investigated the rate of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC) β-lactamase-producing E. coli isolated from layer hens and characterized their molecular background. Among the 92 cefotaxime-resistant E. coli isolates, 66 (71.7%) were identified as multidrug resistant and 29 showed phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of β-lactamase-producing E. coli. The ESBL/pAmpC genes blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-15, and blaCMY-2 were detected in 1, 6, 5, and 4 isolates, respectively. The non-ESBL/pAmpC gene blaTEM-1 was found in 16 isolates. Three isolates harbored both blaTEM-1 and blaCTX-M-14 genes. A total of 12 isolates also carried class 1 integrons, with 3 different gene cassette arrangements found in 8 of these isolates. A pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis of the 29 β-lactamase-producing E. coli isolates revealed that 4 PFGE patterns were consistent with the β-lactamase gene and layer farm origin, and showed a similar antibiotic resistance pattern. Our results suggest that comprehensive surveillance and more prudent use of third-generation cephalosporins in commercial layer farms is necessary to prevent the dissemination of ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Bo Shim
- R&D center, Korean Poultry TS Co., Ltd., Icheon 17415, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Won Seo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Bin Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Young Jeon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Lim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Abbas G, Khan I, Mohsin M, Sajjad-Ur-Rahman, Younas T, Ali S. High rates of CTX-M group-1 extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli from pets and their owners in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:571-578. [PMID: 30881062 PMCID: PMC6411320 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s189884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pet animals have been considered a potential carrier of clinically important multi-drug-resistant Escherichia coli. However, little is known about the role of pets as reservoirs of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli in Pakistan. This study was designed to determine the prevalence and genetic relatedness of ESBL-producing multidrug-resistant E. coli in pets, their owners, and veterinary professionals. METHODS A total of 105 fecal samples were collected from dogs, cats, their owners, and veterinary professionals from veterinary clinics. Isolates of ESBL-producing E. coli were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The presence of bla CTX-M genes and CTX-M groups I and II in multidrug-resistant E. coli was detected using PCR. Clonal diversity was checked using BOX-PCR. RESULTS Of the 105 fecal samples screened, 73 (69.5%) were found to contain ESBL-producing E. coli. The percentage of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates in dogs and dog owners was found to be 81.8% (18/22) and 59% (13/22), respectively. In cats, this percentage was 73.9% (17/23) and in cat owners, 56.5% (13/23). Furthermore, 80% (12/15) of E. coli isolates in veterinary professionals were ESBL producers. Of these 73 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, 23 isolates exhibited a multidrug-resistant phenotype. The most prevalent multidrug-resistant pattern (17.4%) identified was resistant to ampicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, and nitrofurantoin. In the multidrug-resistant E. coli, bla CTX-M was identified as the most common ESBL-producing genotype (19/23), with bla CTX-M-1 dominating in all 19 isolates. Furthermore, BOX-PCR analysis exhibited genetically diverse clonal groups among isolates of the CTX-M-1 group. CONCLUSION Our results provide important baseline information on the potential burden of multidrug-resistant E. coli among companion animals in Pakistan. Further studies are needed to understand the drivers of antimicrobial resistance at human-animal-environmental intersections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazanfar Abbas
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan,
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Section of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Pakistan
| | - Mashkoor Mohsin
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan,
| | - Sajjad-Ur-Rahman
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan,
| | - Tayyaba Younas
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan,
| | - Shahzad Ali
- Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Bourne JA, Chong WL, Gordon DM. Genetic structure, antimicrobial resistance and frequency of human associated Escherichia coli sequence types among faecal isolates from healthy dogs and cats living in Canberra, Australia. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212867. [PMID: 30830915 PMCID: PMC6398920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) cause clinical infections in humans. Understanding the evolution and dissemination of ExPEC strains via potential reservoirs is important due to associated morbidity, health care costs and mortality. To further understanding this survey has examined isolates recovered from the faeces of 221 healthy dogs and 427 healthy cats. The distribution of phylogroups varied with host species, and depended on whether the animal was living in a shelter or a home. The human associated STs 69, 73, 95, 131 and 127 were prevalent, with 30.5% of cat isolates and 10.3% of dog isolates representing these ExPEC sequence types. Resistance to the antibiotics ampicillin and tetracycline was common, but resistance to other antimicrobials was negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A. Bourne
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, the Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Wye Li Chong
- RSPCA Veterinary Clinic, Wright, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - David M. Gordon
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, the Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Seo KW, Shim JB, Lee YJ. Comparative genetic characterization of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coliisolated from a layer operation system in Korea. Poult Sci 2019; 98:1472-1479. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Serratia spp. and Citrobacter spp. Isolates from Companion Animals in Japan: Nosocomial Dissemination of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Citrobacter freundii. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7030064. [PMID: 30823419 PMCID: PMC6462910 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In many countries including Japan, the status of emerging antimicrobial resistance among Serratia spp. and Citrobacter spp. in companion animals remains unknown because these genera are rarely isolated from animals. In this study, 30 Serratia spp. and 23 Citrobacter spp. isolates from companion animals underwent susceptibility testing for 10 antimicrobials. Phenotypic and genetic approaches were used to identify the mechanisms of extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC). Subsequently, ESC-resistant Citrobacter spp. strains underwent multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). A significantly higher rate (34.8%) of ESC resistance was observed in Citrobacter spp. isolates than in Serratia spp. isolates (0%). ESC resistance was detected in five C. freundii strains, two C. portucalensis strains, and one C. koseri strain. All of the ESC-resistant Citrobacter spp. strains harbored CMY-type and/or DHA-type AmpC β-lactamases. Three C. freundii strains harbored the CTX-M-3-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases. Notably, the three blaCTX-3-producing and two blaCMY-117-bearing C. freundii strains (obtained from different patients in one hospital) had the same sequence type (ST156 and ST18, respectively) and similar PFGE profiles. We believe that ESC-resistant Citrobacter spp. are important nosocomial pathogens in veterinary medicine. Therefore, infection control in animal hospitals is essential to prevent dissemination of these resistant pathogens.
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Marques C, Belas A, Franco A, Aboim C, Gama LT, Pomba C. Increase in antimicrobial resistance and emergence of major international high-risk clonal lineages in dogs and cats with urinary tract infection: 16 year retrospective study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 73:377-384. [PMID: 29136156 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate temporal trends in antimicrobial resistance, over 16 years, in bacteria isolated from dogs and cats with urinary tract infection (UTI) and the clonal lineages of bacteria harbouring critical antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted for 948 bacteria isolated from dogs and cats with UTI (1999-2014). Resistance mechanisms were detected by PCR, namely ESBL/AmpC in third-generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistant Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, mecA in methicillin-resistant staphylococci, and aac(6')-Ieaph(2″)-Ia and aph(2″)-1d in high-level gentamicin-resistant (HLGR) enterococci. Resistant bacteria were typed by MLST, and temporal trends in E. coli and Enterobacteriaceae antimicrobial resistance were determined by logistic regression. Results Enterobacteriaceae had a significant temporal increase in resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanate, 3GCs, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, fluoroquinolones, gentamicin and tetracycline (P < 0.001). An increase in MDR was also detected (P < 0.0001). 3GC resistance was mainly caused by the presence of blaCTX-M-15 and blaCMY-2 in E. coli and the presence of blaCMY-2 in P. mirabilis. Two major 3GC-resistant E. coli clonal lineages were detected: O25b:H4-B2-ST131 and ST648. The mecA gene was detected in 9.2% (n = 11/119) of Staphylococcus spp., including MRSA clonal complex (CC) 5 (n = 2) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis CC5 (n = 4). A temporal increase in MDR methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius was detected (P = 0.0069). Some ampicillin-resistant and/or HLGR Enterococcus spp. were found to belong to hospital-adapted CCs, namely Enterococcus faecalis ST6-CC6 (n = 1) and Enterococcus faecium CC17 (n = 8). Conclusions The temporal increase in antimicrobial resistance and in MDR bacteria causing UTI in dogs and cats creates important therapeutic limitations in veterinary medicine. Furthermore, the detection of MDR high-risk clonal lineages raises public health concerns since companion animals with UTI may contribute to the spread of such bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Marques
- Laboratory of Resistance to Antibiotics and Biocides, CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa (FMV-UL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Adriana Belas
- Laboratory of Resistance to Antibiotics and Biocides, CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa (FMV-UL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Franco
- Laboratory of Resistance to Antibiotics and Biocides, CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa (FMV-UL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Aboim
- Laboratory of Resistance to Antibiotics and Biocides, CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa (FMV-UL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Telo Gama
- Animal Genetic Resources, CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa (FMV-UL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Constança Pomba
- Laboratory of Resistance to Antibiotics and Biocides, CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa (FMV-UL), Lisbon, Portugal
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Jeon HY, Kim YB, Lim SK, Lee YJ, Seo KW. Characteristics of cephalosporin-resistant Salmonella isolates from poultry in Korea, 2010–2017. Poult Sci 2019; 98:957-965. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Seo KW, Kim YB, Jeon HY, Lim SK, Lee YJ. Comparative genetic characterization of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from chicken meat produced by integrated broiler operations in South Korea. Poult Sci 2018; 97:2871-2879. [PMID: 29897533 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertical integration of the broiler industry allows producers to combine different biosecurity and sanitation practices, housing technologies, and feeding regimens to improve food safety. The objectives of this study were to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern of β-lactamase-producing E. coli and to compare the characteristics of E. coli recovered from 7 different integrated broiler operations in South Korea. Among 200 chicken meat samples, 101 were observed to be positive for E. coli. However, the prevalence varied from 37.5% to 75.0% in chicken meats from different operations, indicating variation in E. coli occurrence among the operations. Among 101 isolated E. coli from chicken meat, 59 were identified third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli and recovered from 7 different operations. A high proportion of the E. coli isolates were resistant to penicillins (89.8%), quinolones (81.4%). Among 59 third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli isolates, 29 showed phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of β-lactamase-producing E. coli. Prevalence of bla gene, blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-14, blaCMY-2, and blaTEM-1, were identified in 2, 4, 8, and 16 E. coli isolates respectively and only one E. coli had both genes, blaTEM-1 and blaCTX-M-1. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis was performed on 29 β-lactamase-producing E. coli isolates. In PFGE, E. coli included 7 PFGE patterns showing the same operation and an accorded both resistance to β-lactam antibiotics and presence of the bla-gene. Our findings suggest that E. coli with resistance to third-generation cephalosporins can now be found in association with integrated broiler operations, providing the data to support the development of monitoring and preventing program in integrated operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Won Seo
- Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Bin Kim
- Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Young Jeon
- Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Lim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Batalha de Jesus AA, Freitas AAR, de Souza JC, Martins N, Botelho LAB, Girão VBC, Teixeira LM, Riley LW, Moreira BM. High-Level Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Wild Birds in a Large Urban Environment. Microb Drug Resist 2018; 25:167-172. [PMID: 30234422 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2018.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intensive clinical use of antibiotics together with inadequate sanitation in an urban environment may contribute to the dissemination of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in the community. Wild birds living in these areas may become colonized with such organisms and further disseminate these resistant bacteria. In this study, we examined Escherichia coli isolates from the intestine of wild birds in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, for those expressing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), carbapenemase, and other drug resistances. We obtained 353 E. coli isolates from 112 birds admitted to three wildlife centers in Rio de Janeiro state, from July 2010 to December 2013. MDR isolates were found in 43 (38%) birds, including 14 carrying E. coli isolates that expressed ESBL. All ESBL-encoding genes were blaCTX-M type, and no carbapenemase-producing isolates were found. MDR isolates belonged to a variety of lineages. Multilocus sequence type clonal complexes 648 and 155 accounted for carriage in 9 (21%) of 43 birds with MDR isolates. The study birds were nonmigratory, and the bacteria obtained from them likely mirrored urban circulating genotypes. Altogether, these findings indicate a high level of environmental contamination with clinically relevant drug resistance genes in Rio de Janeiro. A large proportion of the MDR strains belonged to clonal lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juliana Carmo de Souza
- 1 Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natacha Martins
- 1 Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lucia Martins Teixeira
- 1 Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lee Woodland Riley
- 2 School of Public Health, University of California , Berkeley, California
| | - Beatriz Meurer Moreira
- 1 Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Fang LX, Li XP, Li L, Chen MY, Wu CY, Li LL, Liao XP, Liu YH, Sun J. IS Ecp1-mediated transposition of chromosome-borne blaCMY-2 into an endogenous ColE1-like plasmid in Escherichia coli. Infect Drug Resist 2018; 11:995-1005. [PMID: 30087569 PMCID: PMC6061673 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s159345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CMY-2 is the most prevalent pAmpC β-lactamase, but the chromosomal blaCMY-2 gene transfer via horizontal transmission has been seldom reported. This study aimed to describe an ISEcp1-mediated transposition of a chromosomal blaCMY-2 gene from Escherichia coli into a small endogenous ColE1-like plasmid, resulting in elevated resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. Methods Three ESCs-resistant ST641 E. coli strains EC6413, EC4103 and EC5106 harbored the blaCMY-2 gene. S1-PFGE, I-ceu I-PFGE, Southern blotting and electroporation experiments were performed to investigate the location and transferability of blaCMY-2. The genetic context and gene expression of blaCMY-2 in the original isolates and the corresponding electroporants were explored by PCR mapping, primer walking strategy and RT-qPCR. Results The blaCMY-2-containing region (ISEcp1-blaCMY-2-∆blc-∆yggR-∆tnp1-orf7-orf8-orf9-∆tnp2-∆hsdR) was transposed into endogenous ColE1-like plasmid pSC137 in the process of electroporation at very low frequencies (10-8-10-9). The transpositions resulted in novel larger blaCMY-2-harboring ColE1-like plasmids with size of 14,845 bp, enabling increase in MICs of 2 to 8-fold for cefotaxime, ceftiofur, and ceftazidime in recipient strains over their respective original counterparts. Transcriptional level analysis revealed that the increased blaCMY-2 expression was correlated with elevated MIC values of cephalosporins. The blaCMY-2 transposition unit was identical to that in a clinical isolate E. coli TN44889 from France isolated in 2004. Conclusions Our results firstly demonstrated that ISEcp1 mediated a transposition of chromosome-borne blaCMY-2 into an endogenous ColE1-like plasmid by electroporation. Amplification of the blaCMY-2 gene facilitates the strain adaptation to a changed environment with an elevated antibiotic pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Xing Fang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xing-Ping Li
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
| | - Liang Li
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
| | - Mu-Ya Chen
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
| | - Cai-Yan Wu
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Lu Li
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jian Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
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Singh NS, Singhal N, Virdi JS. Genetic Environment of blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-15, blaCMY-42 and Characterization of Integrons of Escherichia coli Isolated From an Indian Urban Aquatic Environment. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:382. [PMID: 29563901 PMCID: PMC5845874 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) including those expressing ESBLs and AmpC-β-lactamases in Escherichia coli inhabiting the aquatic environments is a serious health problem. The situation is further complicated by the fact that ARGs can be easily transferred among bacterial species with the help of mobile genetic elements – plasmids, integrons, insertion sequences (IS), and transposons. Therefore, the analysis of genetic environment and mobile genetic elements associated with ARGs is important as these provide useful information about the epidemiology of these genes. In our previous study, we had reported presence of various β-lactam resistance genes present in E. coli strains inhabiting the river Yamuna traversing the National Capital Territory of Delhi (India). In the present study, we have analyzed the genetic environment of three ARGs blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-15, and blaCMY -42 of those E. coli strains. The structure of class 1 integrons and their gene cassettes was also analyzed. Insertion sequence IS26 was present upstream of blaTEM-1, ISEcp1 was present upstream of blaCTXM-15 gene and orf477 was present downstream of blaCTXM-15. ISEcp1 was also present upstream of blaCMY -42 and, blc and sugE genes were present in the downstream region of this gene. Thus, the overall genetic environment surrounding these genes was similar to that reported from E. coli strains isolated globally. Conjugation assays, isolation and analysis of plasmid DNA of the transconjugants indicated that blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-15, blaCMY -42 and class 1 integron were plasmid-mediated and possibly transmit between genera through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). This might lead to dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes in aquatic environment. The work embodied in this paper is the first describing the genetic environment of bla and integrons in aquatic E. coli isolated from India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nambram S Singh
- Microbial Pathogenicity Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Neelja Singhal
- Microbial Pathogenicity Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Jugsharan S Virdi
- Microbial Pathogenicity Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Occurrence of extended spectrum β-lactamase and AmpC genes among multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and emergence of ST131 from poultry meat in Thailand. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii among horses entering a veterinary teaching hospital: The contemporary "Trojan Horse". PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191873. [PMID: 29381714 PMCID: PMC5790241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogens frequently associated with multi-drug resistant (MDR) phenotypes, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from horses admitted to horse clinics, pose a risk for animal patients and personnel in horse clinics. To estimate current rates of colonization, a total of 341 equine patients were screened for carriage of zoonotic indicator pathogens at hospital admission. Horses showing clinical signs associated with colic (n = 233) or open wounds (n = 108) were selected for microbiological examination of nostril swabs, faecal samples and wound swabs taken from the open wound group. The results showed alarming carriage rates of Gram-negative MDR pathogens in equine patients: 10.7% (34 of 318) of validated faecal specimens were positive for ESBL-E (94%: ESBL-producing Escherichia coli), with recorded rates of 10.5% for the colic and 11% for the open wound group. 92.7% of the ESBL-producing E. coli were phenotypically resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobials. A. baumannii was rarely detected (0.9%), and all faecal samples investigated were negative for Salmonella, both directly and after two enrichment steps. Screening results for the equine nostril swabs showed detection rates for ESBL-E of 3.4% among colic patients and 0.9% in the open wound group, with an average rate of 2.6% (9/340) for both indications. For all 41 ESBL-producing E. coli isolated, a broad heterogeneity was revealed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns and whole genome sequencing (WGS) -analysis. However, a predominance of sequence type complex (STC)10 and STC1250 was observed, including several novel STs. The most common genes associated with ESBL-production were identified as blaCTX-M-1 (31/41; 75.6%) and blaSHV-12 (24.4%). The results of this study reveal a disturbingly large fraction of multi-drug resistant and ESBL-producing E. coli among equine patients, posing a clear threat to established hygiene management systems and work-place safety of veterinary staff in horse clinics.
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Abstract
A genome sequence of the Mycoplasma bovis Ningxia-1 strain was tested by Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technology. The strain was isolated from a lesioned calf lung in 2013 in Pengyang, Ningxia, China. The single circular chromosome of 1,033,629 bp shows differences between complete Mycoplasma bovis genome in insertion-like sequences (ISs), integrative conjugative elements (ICEs), lipoproteins (LPs), variable surface lipoproteins (VSPs), pathogenicity islands (PAIs), etc.
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Kim YJ, Moon JS, Oh DH, Chon JW, Song BR, Lim JS, Heo EJ, Park HJ, Wee SH, Sung K. Genotypic characterization of ESBL-producing E. coli from imported meat in South Korea. Food Res Int 2017; 107:158-164. [PMID: 29580473 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Twenty extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli strains were isolated from imported meat in South Korea. ESBL strains of E. coli were detected in chicken (14/20) more often than in pork (6/20) and beef (0/20); the highest number (12/20) was detected in Brazilian meats. The blaCTX-M genes were predominant in meats from many countries. E. coli from pork imported from France produced the blaCTX-M-58 enzyme, which has never been documented previously in ESBL-producing bacteria from clinical or environmental sources. Additionally, the coexistence of the blaCTX-M-2 and blaOXA-1 enzymes in EC12-5 isolate was found for the first time in an ESBL E. coli isolate. A rare blaCTX-M type, blaCTX-M-25, was found in 40% of ESBL E. coli isolates. Phenotypic susceptibility testing showed that E. coli isolates were resistant to up to eleven antibiotics, including ciprofloxacin. For the first time, a new combination in an integron gene cassette, aacA4-cmlA6-qacEΔ1, was found in an E. coli isolate from poultry imported from Brazil. Three E. coli ST117 isolates, from an avian pathogenic lineage producing CTX-M-94, harbored fimH, fyuA, iutA, papC, rfc, and traT virulence genes and were not susceptible to quinolones. For the first time, rfc and papG virulence factors were detected in ESBL E. coli strains isolated from meat products. Even though E. coli CC21 and CC22 were obtained from meats from the USA and Brazil, respectively, they had a similarity coefficient higher than 99% in rep-PCR and the same MLST type (ST117), phenotypic antibiotic resistance pattern, integron gene (qacEΔ1), and plasmid DNA profile. This study indicates that imported meat products may be a source of ESBL-producing E. coli strains in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jo Kim
- Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-San Moon
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Whan Chon
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Bo-Ra Song
- Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Su Lim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jeong Heo
- Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Park
- Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Wee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kidon Sung
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA.
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Wagner S, Lupolova N, Gally DL, Argyle SA. Convergence of plasmid architectures drives emergence of multi-drug resistance in a clonally diverse Escherichia coli population from a veterinary clinical care setting. Vet Microbiol 2017; 211:6-14. [PMID: 29102123 PMCID: PMC5680696 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Multi-drug resistant E. coli associated with urinary tract infections in dogs have a commensal strain background. Beta-lactam resistance is associated with blaCMY-2 located exclusively on a highly clonal IncI1 plasmid. IncI1 plasmids carried no other identifiable resistance genes. Isolates in some cases carried up to 5 plasmids, responsible for carriage of the additional resistances.
The purpose of this study was to determine the plasmid architecture and context of resistance genes in multi-drug resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections in dogs. Illumina and single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing were applied to assemble the complete genomes of E. coli strains associated with clinical urinary tract infections, which were either phenotypically MDR or drug susceptible. This revealed that multiple distinct families of plasmids were associated with building an MDR phenotype. Plasmid-mediated AmpC (CMY-2) beta-lactamase resistance was associated with a clonal group of IncI1 plasmids that has remained stable in isolates collected up to a decade apart. Other plasmids, in particular those with an IncF replicon type, contained other resistance gene markers, so that the emergence of these MDR strains was driven by the accumulation of multiple plasmids, up to 5 replicons in specific cases. This study indicates that vulnerable patients, often with complex clinical histories provide a setting leading to the emergence of MDR E. coli strains in clonally distinct commensal backgrounds. While it is known that horizontally-transferred resistance supplements uropathogenic strains of E. coli such as ST131, our study demonstrates that the selection of an MDR phenotype in commensal E. coli strains can result in opportunistic infections in vulnerable patient populations. These strains provide a reservoir for the onward transfer of resistance alleles into more typically pathogenic strains and provide opportunities for the coalition of resistance and virulence determinants on plasmids as evidenced by the IncF replicons characterised in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Wagner
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Nadejda Lupolova
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - David L Gally
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Sally A Argyle
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom.
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Shimizu T, Harada K, Tsuyuki Y, Kimura Y, Miyamoto T, Hatoya S, Hikasa Y. In vitro efficacy of 16 antimicrobial drugs against a large collection of β-lactamase-producing isolates of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli from dogs and cats. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:1085-1091. [PMID: 28749329 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro efficacy of candidate antimicrobials against extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) from companion animals. METHODOLOGY A total of 90 ESBL-producing ExPEC isolates from dogs and cats were tested for susceptibility to 16 antimicrobials with the agar dilution method. We also identified the ESBLs and AmpC β-lactamases of these isolates with PCR and DNA sequencing.Results/Key findings. All isolates were susceptible to meropenem, tebipenem and amikacin (AMK), and various proportions were susceptible to latamoxef (LMX, 97.8 %), fosfomycin (FOM, 97.8 %), faropenem (FPM, 96.7 %), nitrofurantoin (NFT, 96.7 %), flomoxef (FMX, 93.3 %), piperacillin/tazobactam (PTZ, 92.2 %), cefmetazole (CMZ, 91.1 %), chloramphenicol (80.0 %), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (64.4 %), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (63.3 %), ceftibuten (60.0 %), tetracycline (52.2 %) and enrofloxacin (10.0 %). A genetic analysis showed that 83 of the 90 (92.2 %) isolates were positive for CTX-M-type genes: CTX-M-14 (n=26), CTX-M-27 (n=20), CTX-M-55 (n=17), CTX-M-15 (n=12), CTX-M-2 (n=5), CTX-M-24 (n=2), CTX-M-104 (n=2) and CTX-M-3 (n=1). Eight isolates also expressed AmpC β-lactamase phenotypes. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the susceptibility rates to PTZ, CMZ, LMX, AMK, FOM, FPM, NFT and FMX were similar to those to carbapenems (>90 %), implying that these drugs are available alternatives to carbapenems for the treatment of companion animals infected with ExPEC-producing CTX-M-type ESBLs. Further in vivo studies of the effective use of these antimicrobials are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takae Shimizu
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan.,Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-cho, Tottori-shi, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Kazuki Harada
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-cho, Tottori-shi, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan
| | - Yuzo Tsuyuki
- Sanritsu Zelkova Veterinary Laboratory, 2-5-8 Kuji, Takatsuku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0032, Japan
| | - Yui Kimura
- Miyamoto Animal Hospital, 2265-8 Kurokawa, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-0851, Japan
| | - Tadashi Miyamoto
- Miyamoto Animal Hospital, 2265-8 Kurokawa, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-0851, Japan
| | - Shingo Hatoya
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku Ourai Kita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hikasa
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan.,Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-cho, Tottori-shi, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
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Ingti B, Paul D, Maurya AP, Bora D, Chanda DD, Chakravarty A, Bhattacharjee A. Occurrence of bla DHA-1 mediated cephalosporin resistance in Escherichia coli and their transcriptional response against cephalosporin stress: a report from India. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2017; 16:13. [PMID: 28320396 PMCID: PMC5359928 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-017-0189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment alternatives for DHA-1 harboring strains are challenging as it confers resistance to broad spectrum cephalosporins and may further limit treatment option when expressed at higher levels. Therefore, this study was designed to know the prevalence of DHA genes and analyse the transcription level of DHA-1 against different β-lactam stress. Methods Screening of AmpC β-lactamase phenotypically by modified three dimensional extract method followed by Antimicrobial Susceptibility and MIC determination. Genotyping screening of β-lactamase genes was performed by PCR assay followed by their sequencing. The blaDHA-1 transcriptional response was evaluated under different cephalosporin stress by RT PCR. Transferability of blaDHA gene was performed by transformation and conjugation and plasmid incompatibility typing, DNA fingerprinting by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences PCR. Results 16 DHA-1 genes were screened positive from 176 Escherichia coli isolates and primer extension analysis showed a significant increase in DHA-1 mRNA transcription in response to cefotaxime at 8 µg/ml (6.99 × 102 fold), ceftriaxone at 2 µg/ml (2.63 × 103 fold), ceftazidime at 8 µg/ml (7.06 × 103 fold) and cefoxitin at 4 µg/ml (3.60 × 104 fold) when compared with untreated strain. These transcription data were found significant when analyzed statistically using one way ANOVA. Four different ESBL genes were detected in 10 isolates which include CTX-M (n = 6), SHV (n = 4), TEM (n = 3) and OXA-10 (n = 1), whereas, carbapenemase gene (NDM) was detected only in one isolate. Other plasmid mediated AmpC β-lactamases CIT (n = 9), EBC (n = 2) were detected in nine isolates. All DHA-1 genes detected were encoded in plasmid and incompatibility typing from the transformants indicated that the plasmid encoding blaDHA-1 was carried mostly by the FIA and L/M Inc group. Conclusion This study demonstrates the prevalence of DHA-1 gene in this region and highlights high transcription of DHA-1 when induced with different β-lactam antibiotics. Therefore, cephalosporin treatment must be restricted for the patients infected with pathogen expressing this resistance determinant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birson Ingti
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, India
| | - Deepjyoti Paul
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, India
| | | | - Debajyoti Bora
- Department of Statistics, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Debadatta Dhar Chanda
- Department of Microbiology, Silchar Medical College and Hospital, Silchar, 788014, India
| | - Atanu Chakravarty
- Department of Microbiology, Silchar Medical College and Hospital, Silchar, 788014, India
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Tuerena I, Williams NJ, Nuttall T, Pinchbeck G. Antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in hospitalised companion animals and their hospital environment. J Small Anim Pract 2017; 57:339-47. [PMID: 27385621 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial resistance is a growing concern with implications for animal health. This study investigated the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among commensal and environmental Escherichia coli isolated from animals sampled in referral hospitals in the UK. MATERIALS AND METHODS Resistant Escherichia coli isolated from animal faeces and practice environments were tested for susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. PCR and sequencing techniques were used to identify extended spectrum beta-lactamase and AmpC-producer genotypes. RESULTS In total, 333 faecal and 257 environmental samples were collected. Multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli were found in 13·1% of faecal and 8·9% of environmental samples. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase and AmpC genes were identified 14% and 7·7% of faecal samples and 8·6% and 8·6% of environmental samples, respectively. The most common extended spectrum beta-lactamase gene type detected was blaCTX-M -15 , although blaTEM-158 was detected in faecal and environmental samples from one practice. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Escherichia coli resistant to key antimicrobials were isolated from hospitalised animals and the practice environment. We identified the emergence of the inhibitor resistant and extended spectrum beta-lactamase blaTEM-158 in companion animals. Further investigation to determine risk factors for colonisation with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria is needed to provide evidence for antimicrobial stewardship and infection control programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tuerena
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE
| | - N J Williams
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE
| | - T Nuttall
- School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE
| | - G Pinchbeck
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE
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Shin SW, Jung M, Shin MK, Yoo HS. Profiling of antimicrobial resistance and plasmid replicon types in β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli isolated from Korean beef cattle. J Vet Sci 2016; 16:483-9. [PMID: 26119172 PMCID: PMC4701741 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2015.16.4.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, 78 isolates of Escherichia coli isolated from Korean beef cattle farms were investigated for the production of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and/or AmpC β-lactamase. In the disc diffusion test with ampicillin, amoxicillin, cephalothin, ceftiofur, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and cefoxitin, 38.5% of the isolates showed resistance to all of ampicillin, amoxicillin, and cephalothin. The double disc synergy method revealed that none of the isolates produced ESBL or AmpC β-lactamases. DNA sequencing showed that all isolates encoded genes for TEM-1-type β-lactamase. Moreover, 78.2% of the isolates transferred the TEM-1-type β-lactamase gene via conjugation. In plasmid replicon typing of all donors, IncFIB and IncFIA were identified in 71.4% and 41.0% of plasmids, respectively. In transconjugants, IncFIB and IncFIA were the most frequent types detected (61.5% and 41.0%, respectively). Overall, the present study indicates that selection pressures of antimicrobials on β-lactamases in beef cattle may be low relative to other livestock animals in Korea. Moreover, to reduce selection pressure and dissemination of β-lactamase, the long-term surveillance of antimicrobial use in domestic beef cattle should be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Won Shin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Myunghwan Jung
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Shin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Han Sang Yoo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeungchang 25354, Korea
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