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Chakraborty S, Baindara P, Sharma P, Jose T A, V K, Manoharan R, Mandal SM. Anti-Biofilm Action of Cineole and Hypericum perforatum to Combat Pneumonia-Causing Drug-Resistant P. aeruginosa. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:689. [PMID: 39199989 PMCID: PMC11350762 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13080689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hospital-acquired antibiotic-resistant pneumonia is one of the major causes of mortality around the world that pose a catastrophic threat. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most significant opportunistic pathogens responsible for hospital-acquired pneumonia and gained resistance to the majority of conventional antibiotics. There is an urgent need for antibiotic alternatives to control drug-resistant pneumonia and other related respiratory infections. In the present study, we explored the antibacterial potential of cineole in combination with homeopathic medicines against biofilm-forming drug-resistant P. aeruginosa. Out of 26 selected and screened homeopathic medicines, Hypericum Perforatum (HyPer) was found to eradicate biofilm-forming drug-resistant P. aeruginosa most effectively when used in combination with cineole. Interestingly, the synergistic action of HyPer and cineole was also found to be similarly effective against planktonic cells of P. aeruginosa. Further, the potential synergistic killing mechanisms of cineole and HyPer were determined by analyzing zeta membrane potential, outer membrane permeability, and DNA release from P. aeruginosa cells upon treatment with cineole and HyPer. Additionally, molecular docking analysis revealed strong binding affinities of hypericin (an active ingredient of HyPer) with the PqsA (a quorum sensing protein) of P. aeruginosa. Overall, our findings revealed the potential synergistic action of cineole and HyPer against biofilm-forming drug-resistant P. aeruginosa. Cineole and HyPer could be used in combination with other bronchodilators as inhalers to control the biofilm-forming drug-resistant P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Chakraborty
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India;
| | - Piyush Baindara
- Animal Sciences Research Center, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Pralay Sharma
- National Institute of Homoeopathy, Block-GE, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India; (P.S.); (A.J.T.); (K.V.)
| | - Austin Jose T
- National Institute of Homoeopathy, Block-GE, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India; (P.S.); (A.J.T.); (K.V.)
| | - Kumaravel V
- National Institute of Homoeopathy, Block-GE, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India; (P.S.); (A.J.T.); (K.V.)
| | - Raja Manoharan
- National Institute of Homoeopathy, Block-GE, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India; (P.S.); (A.J.T.); (K.V.)
| | - Santi M. Mandal
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India;
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Casonato Melo C, Fux AC, Himly M, Bastús NG, Schlahsa L, Siewert C, Puntes V, Duschl A, Gessner I, Fauerbach JA. Recovering What Matters: High Protein Recovery after Endotoxin Removal from LPS-Contaminated Formulations Using Novel Anti-Lipid A Antibody Microparticle Conjugates. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13971. [PMID: 37762274 PMCID: PMC10531372 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Endotoxins or lipopolysaccharides (LPS), found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls, can stimulate the human innate immune system, leading to life-threatening symptoms. Therefore, regulatory limits for endotoxin content apply to injectable pharmaceuticals, and excess LPS must be removed before commercialization. The majority of available endotoxin removal systems are based on the non-specific adsorption of LPS to charged and/or hydrophobic surfaces. Albeit effective to remove endotoxins, the lack of specificity can result in the unwanted loss of essential proteins from the pharmaceutical formulation. In this work, we developed microparticles conjugated to anti-Lipid A antibodies for selective endotoxin removal. Anti-Lipid A particles were characterized using flow cytometry and microscopy techniques. These particles exhibited a depletion capacity > 6 ×103 endotoxin units/mg particles from water, as determined with two independent methods (Limulus Amebocyte Lysate test and nanoparticle tracking analysis). Additionally, we compared these particles with a non-specific endotoxin removal system in a series of formulations of increasing complexity: bovine serum albumin in water < insulin in buffer < birch pollen extracts. We demonstrated that the specific anti-Lipid A particles show a higher protein recovery without compromising their endotoxin removal capacity. Consequently, we believe that the specificity layer integrated by the anti-Lipid A antibody could be advantageous to enhance product yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Casonato Melo
- Chemical Biology Department, R&D Reagents, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (C.C.M.); (A.C.F.); (L.S.); (C.S.)
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Biosciences & Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (M.H.); (A.D.)
| | - Alexandra C. Fux
- Chemical Biology Department, R&D Reagents, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (C.C.M.); (A.C.F.); (L.S.); (C.S.)
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Biosciences & Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (M.H.); (A.D.)
| | - Martin Himly
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Biosciences & Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (M.H.); (A.D.)
| | - Neus G. Bastús
- Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (N.G.B.); (V.P.)
- Networking Research Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Schlahsa
- Chemical Biology Department, R&D Reagents, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (C.C.M.); (A.C.F.); (L.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Christiane Siewert
- Chemical Biology Department, R&D Reagents, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (C.C.M.); (A.C.F.); (L.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Victor Puntes
- Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (N.G.B.); (V.P.)
- Networking Research Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Duschl
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Biosciences & Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (M.H.); (A.D.)
| | - Isabel Gessner
- Chemical Biology Department, R&D Reagents, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (C.C.M.); (A.C.F.); (L.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Jonathan A. Fauerbach
- Chemical Biology Department, R&D Reagents, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (C.C.M.); (A.C.F.); (L.S.); (C.S.)
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Sheraba NS, Hesham A, Fawzy M, Diab E, Basuony ME, Yassin AS, Zedan HH, Abu-Elghait M. Advanced approaches for endotoxin detection and removal from snake antivenoms. Toxicon 2023; 222:107003. [PMID: 36535530 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.107003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive assessment of the literature on strategies for the detection and removing endotoxin from biotechnological preparations was conducted. This study highlighted the brief history of endotoxin. After that, a review of endotoxin's chemical and physical features, as well as its pathophysiological consequences when the body is exposed to LPS excessively or systemically, is presented. The procedures for determining endotoxin and the interaction of endotoxin with proteins are also discussed, considering both known approaches and cutting-edge technology in this sector. This review presented the endotoxin detection and removal approaches from antisera with an economical approach using several processes documented in the literature (e.g., adsorption, ultrafiltration, and chromatography). Different methods with relatively high protein recoveries are mentioned. This review concludes that heat activation at 70 °C-80 °C for 10 min and rehydration of the LAL reagent with endotoxin-specific buffer solution is the best technique to control the enhancement problem when testing polyvalent snake venom antiserum samples by the LAL method. The most efficient method for eliminating endotoxins has proven to be affinity resin-based chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhan S Sheraba
- VACSERA, The Holding Company for Biological Products and Vaccines, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hesham
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt; Middle East for Vaccines (MEVAC), El-Salihya El-Gededa, El-Sharkia, 44671, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fawzy
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Emad Diab
- Middle East for Vaccines (MEVAC), El-Salihya El-Gededa, El-Sharkia, 44671, Egypt; Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamad E Basuony
- Middle East for Vaccines (MEVAC), El-Salihya El-Gededa, El-Sharkia, 44671, Egypt; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Aymen S Yassin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hamdallah H Zedan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Abu-Elghait
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11884, Cairo, Egypt.
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Yeung WY, Tordik PA, Martinho FC, Ernst RK. Positively Charged Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membrane: A Potential Alternative for Absorbent Paper Points in Endodontics. J Endod 2021; 48:263-268. [PMID: 34813795 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study compared the absorbency capacity of paper points (PPs) with positively charged and noncharged polyvinylidene fluoride membranes (PVDFMs) and investigated the ability of PPs and PVDFMs to bind and remove endotoxin. METHODS Three commercially available PPs were compared with PVDFM (Millipore Sigma, Burlington, MA) prototype points. We recorded the initial dry weight for each PP and PVDFM using a digital balance to ±0.0001 precision for absorbency. PPs and PVDFMs were then immersed in deionized water and weighed to obtain the wet weight. The absorbency was calculated with the following formula: percent increase = ([wet weight - dry weight]/dry weight) × 100. For endotoxin removal, we first quantified endotoxin remaining in wells after immersing PPs and PVDFMs in a 24-well plate containing 10 endotoxin units/mL Escherichia coli O55:B5 (Lonza, Walkersville, MD). We then extracted and quantified endotoxin from PPs and PVDFMs. Endotoxin was quantified using the Kinetic-QCL test (Lonza). RESULTS The absorbencies for the positively charged and noncharged PVDFMs were higher than the PPs (P < .05), with no difference between them (P > .05). The positively charged PVDFMs removed more endotoxin than the noncharged PVDFMs and the PPs (P < .05). Moreover, the noncharged PVDFMs bound and removed more endotoxin than any PPs (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS PVDFM prototype points are more absorbent than PPs. Moreover, the positively charged PVDFM points are more effective in binding and removing endotoxin than noncharged PVDFMs and PPs. This study suggests that positively charged PVDFMs with a 0.22-μm pore size could potentially replace PPs used in endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Yee Yeung
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Patricia A Tordik
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Frederico C Martinho
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Robert K Ernst
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
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Asghari E, Kiel A, Kaltschmidt BP, Wortmann M, Schmidt N, Hüsgen B, Hütten A, Knabbe C, Kaltschmidt C, Kaltschmidt B. Identification of Microorganisms from Several Surfaces by MALDI-TOF MS: P. aeruginosa Is Leading in Biofilm Formation. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9050992. [PMID: 34064414 PMCID: PMC8147854 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9050992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
New ecological trends and changes in consumer behavior are known to favor biofilm formation in household appliances, increasing the need for new antimicrobial materials and surfaces. Their development requires laboratory-cultivated biofilms, or biofilm model systems (BMS), which allow for accelerated growth and offer better understanding of the underlying formation mechanisms. Here, we identified bacterial strains in wildtype biofilms from a variety of materials from domestic appliances using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF-MS). Staphylococci and pseudomonads were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS as the main genera in the habitats and were analyzed for biofilm formation using various in vitro methods. Standard quantitative biofilm assays were combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to characterize biofilm formation. While Pseudomonas putida, a published lead germ, was not identified in any of the collected samples, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be the most dominant biofilm producer. Water-born Pseudomonads were dominantly found in compartments with water contact only, such as in detergent compartment and detergent enemata. Furthermore, materials in contact with the washing load are predominantly colonized with bacteria from the human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Asghari
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (E.A.); (A.K.); (C.K.)
| | - Annika Kiel
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (E.A.); (A.K.); (C.K.)
| | - Bernhard Peter Kaltschmidt
- Department of Thin Films & Physics of Nanostructures, Center of Spinelectronic Materials and Devices, Faculty of Physics, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (B.P.K.); (A.H.)
| | - Martin Wortmann
- Department of Plastics Technology, University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany; (M.W.); (B.H.)
| | - Nadine Schmidt
- Institute for Laboratory- and Transfusion Medicine, Heart- and Diabetes Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; (N.S.); (C.K.)
| | - Bruno Hüsgen
- Department of Plastics Technology, University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany; (M.W.); (B.H.)
| | - Andreas Hütten
- Department of Thin Films & Physics of Nanostructures, Center of Spinelectronic Materials and Devices, Faculty of Physics, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (B.P.K.); (A.H.)
| | - Cornelius Knabbe
- Institute for Laboratory- and Transfusion Medicine, Heart- and Diabetes Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; (N.S.); (C.K.)
| | - Christian Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (E.A.); (A.K.); (C.K.)
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (E.A.); (A.K.); (C.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Bagherzadeh A, Vaziri H, Nasimi FS, Ahmadian S, Feyzi A, Farhadi M, Yahyavi F, Hashemi B, Rahbarghazi R, Mahdipour M. Bacterial Lipase Neutralized Toxicity of Lipopolysaccharide on Chicken Embryo Cardiac Tissue. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:582-591. [PMID: 33856644 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09651-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that near all organs, especially the cardiovascular system, are affected by bacterial lipopolysaccharide via the activation of Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Here, we tried to find the blunting effect of bacterial lipase on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiac tissue toxicity in chicken embryos. 7-day fertilized chicken eggs were divided randomly into different groups as follows; Control, Normal Saline, LPS (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kbw), and LPS (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kbw) plus 5 mg/ml Lipase. On day 17, the hearts were sampled. The expression of genes such as GATA4, NKX2.5, EGFR, TRIF, and NF-ƙB was monitored using real-time PCR analysis. Using western blotting, we measured NF-ƙB protein level. Total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, and Catalase activity were also studied. Microvascular density and anterior wall thickness were monitored in histological samples using H&E staining. High dose of LPS (1 mg/kbw) increased the expression of TRIF but not NF-ƙB compared to the control group (p < 0.05). We found a statistically significant reduction in groups that received LPS + Lipase compared to the control and LPS groups (p < 0.05). Western blotting revealed that the injection of Lipase could reduce LPS-induced NF-ƙB compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The expression of GATA4, NKx2.5, and EGFR was not altered in the LPS group, while the simultaneous application of LPS and Lipase significantly reduced GATA4, NKx2.5, and EGFR levels below the control (p < 0.05). We found non-significant differences in glutathione peroxidase, and Catalase activity in all groups (p > 0.05), while total antioxidant capacity was increased in groups that received LPS + Lipase. Anterior wall thickness was diminished in LPS groups and the use of both lipase and LPS returned near-to-control values (p < 0.05). Despite a slight increase in microvascular density, we found statistically non-significant differences in all groups (p > 0.05). Bacterial lipase reduces detrimental effects of LPS on chicken embryo heart induced via Toll-like receptor signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamidreza Vaziri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Shahin Ahmadian
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Adel Feyzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Farhadi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Yahyavi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnam Hashemi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Yang SK, Yusoff K, Ajat M, Yap WS, Lim SHE, Lai KS. Antimicrobial activity and mode of action of terpene linalyl anthranilate against carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Pharm Anal 2020; 11:210-219. [PMID: 34012697 PMCID: PMC8116216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mining of plant-derived antimicrobials is the major focus at current to counter antibiotic resistance. This study was conducted to characterize the antimicrobial activity and mode of action of linalyl anthranilate (LNA) against carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-KP). LNA alone exhibited bactericidal activity at 2.5% (V/V), and in combination with meropenem (MPM) at 1.25% (V/V). Comparative proteomic analysis showed a significant reduction in the number of cytoplasmic and membrane proteins, indicating membrane damage in LNA-treated KPC-KP cells. Up-regulation of oxidative stress regulator proteins and down-regulation of oxidative stress-sensitive proteins indicated oxidative stress. Zeta potential measurement and outer membrane permeability assay revealed that LNA increases both bacterial surface charge and membrane permeability. Ethidium bromide influx/efflux assay showed increased uptake of ethidium bromide in LNA-treated cells, inferring membrane damage. Furthermore, intracellular leakage of nucleic acid and proteins was detected upon LNA treatment. Scanning and transmission electron microscopies again revealed the breakage of bacterial membrane and loss of intracellular materials. LNA was found to induce oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that initiate lipid peroxidation and damage the bacterial membrane. In conclusion, LNA generates ROS, initiates lipid peroxidation, and damages the bacterial membrane, resulting in intracellular leakage and eventually killing the KPC-KP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Kai Yang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khatijah Yusoff
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mokrish Ajat
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wai-Sum Yap
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Swee-Hua Erin Lim
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Corresponding author.
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Das NM, Singh AK, Ghosh D, Bandyopadhyay D. Graphene oxide nanohybrids for electron transfer-mediated antimicrobial activity. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:3727-3740. [PMID: 36133551 PMCID: PMC9418889 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00272c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The rapid increase in the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains poses a global health risk. In this scenario, alternative strategies are needed to combat the alarming rise in multidrug-resistant bacterial populations. For example, metal-incorporated graphene derivatives have emerged as model nanomaterials owing to their intrinsic antibacterial activity together with their biocompatibility. Interestingly, photon-activated phthalocyanine sensitizers have also shown promising physiochemical biocidal effects against pathogenic bacteria populations when conjugated with diverse nanomaterials. Herein, we report the facile synthesis of graphene oxide incorporated zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc-GO) nanohybrids showing bactericidal activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells, in the absence of any photo-excitation. The ZnPc-GO hybrid nanomaterials were synthesized by the in situ deposition of GO flakes on ZnPc-coated indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates. Two types of morphologically different ZnPc molecules, potato-chip-like α-phase ZnPc, namely ZnPc(A), and nanorod-like β-phase ZnPc(B), were used for the synthesis of the ZnPc(A/B)-GO nanocomposites. The interactions of GO with the underlying ZnPc(A/B) entities in the ZnPc-GO systems were investigated using multiple characterization techniques. It was observed that the GO flakes in the ZnPc(B)-GO nanocomposite possess stronger π-π interactions and thus show a more efficient electron transfer mechanism when compared with the ZnPc(A) counterpart. Furthermore, the E. coli bacterial cells with an electronegative surface demonstrated a profound adherence to the electron-withdrawing ZnPc(B)-GO surface. The death kinetics of bacteria with ZnPc(B)-GO were further investigated using surface potential mapping and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) analysis. Upon direct contact with ZnPc(B)-GO, the adhered bacterial cells showed outer cell deformation and membrane protein leakage, induced by a proposed charge-transfer mechanism between negatively charged cells and the electron-withdrawing ZnPc(B)-GO surface. These new findings may provide insights into the design of potential ZnPc-GO-based novel antimicrobial nanomaterials or surface coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayan Mani Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati - 781039 India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati - 781039 India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati - 781039 India
| | - Debdatta Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati - 781039 India
| | - Dipankar Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati - 781039 India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati - 781039 India
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Mulakhudair AR, Al‐Mashhadani M, Hanotu J, Zimmerman W. Inactivation combined with cell lysis of Pseudomonas putida using a low pressure carbon dioxide microbubble technology. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (OXFORD, OXFORDSHIRE : 1986) 2017; 92:1961-1969. [PMID: 28781404 PMCID: PMC5518213 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.5299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inactivation processes can be classified into non-thermal inactivation methods such as ethylene oxide and γ-radiation, and thermal methods such as autoclaving. The ability of carbon dioxide enriched microbubbles to inactivate Pseudomonas putida suspended in physiological saline, as a non-thermal sterilisation method, was investigated in this study with many operational advantages over both traditional thermal and non-thermal sterilisation methods. RESULTS Introducing carbon dioxide enriched microbubbles can achieve ∼2-Log reduction in the bacterial population after 90 min of treatment, addition of ethanol to the inactivation solution further enhanced the inactivation process to achieve 3, 2.5 and 3.5-Log reduction for 2%, 5% and 10 %( v/v) ethanol, respectively. A range of morphological changes was observed on Pseudomonas cells after each treatment, and these changes extended from changing cell shape from rod shape to coccus shape to severe lesions and cell death. Pseudomonas putida KT 2440 was used as a model of gram-negative bacteria. CONCLUSION Using CO2 enriched microbubbles technology has many advantages such as efficient energy consumption (no heat source), avoidance of toxic and corrosive reagents, and in situ treatment. In addition, many findings from this study could apply to other gram-negative bacteria. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali R Mulakhudair
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- The University of BabylonThe Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific ResearchIraq
| | | | - James Hanotu
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - William Zimmerman
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
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Sun W, Wan W, Zhu S, Wang S, Wang S, Wen X, Zheng H, Zhang Y, Li S. Characterization of a novel anti-lipopolysaccharide factor isoform (SpALF5) in mud crab, Scylla paramamosain. Mol Immunol 2014; 64:262-75. [PMID: 25553523 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs), the potential antimicrobial peptides that bind and neutralize lipopolysaccharide (LPS), are common effectors of innate immunity in crustaceans. In this study, a novel isoform of ALFs (SpALF5) was isolated from the hemocytes of mud crab Scylla paramamosain. The full-length 975bp SpALF5 contains a 375bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 125 amino acids. Although SpALF5 exhibits a low degree of nucleotide homology with other reported ALFs, it contains the conserved amino acid sequence with a signal peptide and a LPS-binding domain including two conservative cysteine residues. The genomic organization of SpALF5 consists of four exons and three introns, with each intron containing one or more tandem repeats. Unlike most of ALFs mainly distributed in crab hemocytes, SpALF5 transcript was predominantly observed in the brain, muscle and skin, while barely detected in the hemocytes in our study. In situ hybridization assay also showed that SpALF5 mRNA was localized in brain, muscle and skin tissues of mud crab. Further, SpALF5 transcript was significantly up-regulated after challenge with LPS, polyinosinic polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C) (with the except of that in brain), Vibrio parahemolyticus or white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The recombinant SpALF5 protein showed a varying degree of binding activity towards bacteria and fungus. Moreover, in vitro, the recombinant SpALF5 revealed a strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (V. parahemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus, Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila) and fungus (Sacchromyces cerevisiae), but could only inhibited the growth of some Gram-positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus. The results suggest that SpALF5 is a potent immune protector and plays an important role in immune defense against invading pathogens in S. paramamosain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwei Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Weisong Wan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shuo Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Xiaobo Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Huaiping Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
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12
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Delivery of rifampicin-chitin nanoparticles into the intracellular compartment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 74:36-43. [PMID: 25475841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) provide the primary host defence against invading pathogens by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and microbicidal products. However, few pathogens can survive for a prolonged period of time within the PMNs. Additionally their intracellular lifestyle within the PMNs protect themselves from the additional lethal action of host immune systems such as antibodies and complements. Antibiotic delivery into the intracellular compartments of PMNs is a major challenge in the field of infectious diseases. In order to deliver antibiotics within the PMNs and for the better treatment of intracellular bacterial infections we synthesized rifampicin (RIF) loaded amorphous chitin nanoparticles (RIF-ACNPs) of 350±50 nm in diameter. RIF-ACNPs nanoparticles are found to be non-hemolytic and non-toxic against a variety of host cells. The release of rifampicin from the prepared nanoparticles was ∼60% in 24 h, followed by a sustained pattern till 72 h. The RIF-ACNPs nanoparticles showed 5-6 fold enhanced delivery of RIF into the intracellular compartments of PMNs. The RIF-ACNPs showed anti-microbial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and a variety of other bacteria. In summary, our results suggest that RIF-ACNPs could be used to treat a variety of intracellular bacterial infections.
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13
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Arockiaraj J, Kumaresan V, Bhatt P, Palanisamy R, Gnanam AJ, Pasupuleti M, Kasi M, Chaurasia MK. A novel single-domain peptide, anti-LPS factor from prawn: synthesis of peptide, antimicrobial properties and complete molecular characterization. Peptides 2014; 53:79-88. [PMID: 24269604 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we reported a complete molecular characterization including bioinformatics features, gene expression, peptide synthesis and its antimicrobial activities of an anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) factor (ALF) cDNA identified from the established cDNA library of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (named as MrALF). The mature protein has an estimated molecular weight of 11.240 kDa with an isoelectric point of 9.46. The bioinformatics analysis showed that the MrALF contains an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) region between T54 and P77 with two conserved cysteine residues (Cys55 and Cys76) which have an anti-parallel β-sheet confirmation. The β-sheet is predicted as cationic with hydrophobic nature containing a net charge of +5. The depicted AMP region is determined to be amphipathic with a predicted hydrophobic face 'FPVFI'. A highest MrALF gene expression was observed in hemocytes and is up-regulated with virus [white spot syndrome baculovirus (WSBV)], bacteria (Aeromonas hydrophila) and Escherichia coli LPS at various time points. The LPS binding region of MrALF peptide was synthesized to study the antimicrobial property, bactericidal efficiency and hemolytic capacity. The peptide showed antimicrobial activity against both the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The bactericidal assay showed that the peptide recognized the LPS of bacterial cell walls and binding on its substrate and thereby efficiently distinguishing the pathogens. The hemolytic activity of MrALF peptide is functioning in a concentration dependant manner. In summary, the comprehensive analysis of MrALF showed it to be an effective antimicrobial peptide and thus it plays a crucial role in the defense mechanism of M. rosenbergii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesu Arockiaraj
- Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Venkatesh Kumaresan
- Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prasanth Bhatt
- Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajesh Palanisamy
- Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Annie J Gnanam
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A4800, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Mukesh Pasupuleti
- Lab PCN 206, Microbiology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226 031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Marimuthu Kasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Semeling, Bedong, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
| | - Mukesh Kumar Chaurasia
- Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Bononi I, Forgetta C, Baldisserotto A, Tognon M. Simulated infusion of paclitaxel with in-line filters. Chemotherapy 2011; 57:204-8. [PMID: 21555881 DOI: 10.1159/000327368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paclitaxel is one of the most effective anticancer drugs ever developed. To prevent hazards associated with intravenous (IV) administration which include the formation of microbubbles, microbiological contamination and particulate matter, the suppliers recommend that an in-line IV filter should be used during the infusion of the chemotherapeutic agent. METHODS To rule out the possibility that polyethersulfone (PES) membranes retain the paclitaxel during filtration, we carried out specific tests. Paclitaxel retention by PES in-line IV filters was evaluated by a simulated-drug IV infusion and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. RESULTS In our model of study, no variation of paclitaxel concentration was revealed before and after filtration using two different filter devices. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that, under our experimental conditions, paclitaxel concentration in saline solution remains constant before and after filtration. Indeed, our study indicates that the filters analyzed herein, other than preventing hazards associated with IV administration, do not retain paclitaxel, thus avoiding the reduction of the drug concentration and potency during filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Bononi
- Section of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Morphology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, Italy
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Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Retention by a Positively Charged Filter. Appl Environ Microbiol 2009; 75:1219; author reply 1219. [DOI: 10.1128/aem.02517-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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