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Green HD, Van Horn GT, Williams T, Eberly A, Morales GH, Mann R, Hauter IM, Hadjifrangiskou M, Schmitz JE. Intra-strain colony biofilm heterogeneity in uropathogenic Escherichia coli and the effect of the NlpI lipoprotein. Biofilm 2024; 8:100214. [PMID: 39184815 PMCID: PMC11344014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilm growth facilitates the interaction of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) with the host environment. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of UPEC biofilms are composed prominently of curli amyloid fiber and cellulose polysaccharide. When the organism is propagated as a colony biofilm on agar media, these macromolecules can generate pronounced macroscopic structures. Moreover, curli/cellulose associate tightly with Congo red, generating a characteristic pink-to-red staining pattern when the media is supplemented with this dye. Among different clinical isolates of UPEC, changes in the abundance of curli/cellulose can lead to diverse colony biofilm phenotypes on a strain-by-strain basis. Nevertheless, for any given isolate, these phenotypes are classically homogenous throughout the colony biofilm. Here, we report that a subset of clinical UPEC isolates display heterogenous 'peppermint' colony biofilms, with distinct pale and red subpopulations. Through isolation of these subpopulations and whole genome sequencing, we demonstrate various emergent mutations associated with the phenomenon, including within the gene encoding the outer membrane lipoprotein nlpI. Deletion of nlpI within independent strain-backgrounds increased biofilm rugosity, while its overexpression induced the peppermint phenotype. Upregulation of EPS-associated proteins and transcripts was likewise observed in the absence of nlpI. Overall, these results demonstrate that EPS elaboration in UPEC is impacted by nlpI. More broadly, this phenomenon of intra-strain colony biofilm heterogeneity may be leveraged as a tool to identify additional members within the broad collection of genes that regulate or otherwise affect biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamilton D. Green
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Gerald T. Van Horn
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Center for Personalized Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Timothy Williams
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Allison Eberly
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Grace H. Morales
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Robert Mann
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Indiana M. Hauter
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Maria Hadjifrangiskou
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology & Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Personalized Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jonathan E. Schmitz
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology & Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Personalized Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Wang S, Shao Z, Chen G, Lin B, Li D, Chen J. Assessment of chlorine and hydrogen peroxide on airborne bacteria: Disinfection efficiency and induction of antibiotic resistance. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134697. [PMID: 38823102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Airborne pathogens severely threaten public health worldwide. Air disinfection is essential to ensure public health. However, excessive use of disinfectants may endanger environmental and ecological security due to the residual disinfectants and their by-products. This study systematically evaluated disinfection efficiency, induction of multidrug resistance, and the underlying mechanisms of disinfectants (NaClO and H2O2) on airborne bacteria. The results showed that airborne bacteria were effectively inactivated by atomized NaClO (>160 μg/L) and H2O2 (>320 μg/L) after 15 min. However, some bacteria still survived after disinfection by atomized NaClO (0-80 μg/L) and H2O2 (0-160 μg/L), and they exhibited significant increases in antibiotic resistance. The whole-genome sequencing of the resistant bacteria revealed distinct mutations that were responsible for both antibiotic resistance and virulence. This study also provided evidences and insights into possible mechanisms underlying the induction of antibiotic resistance by air disinfection, which involved intracellular reactive oxygen species formation, oxidative stress responses, alterations in bacterial membranes, activation of efflux pumps, and the thickening of biofilms. The present results also shed light on the role of air disinfection in inducing antibiotic resistance, which could be a crucial factor contributing to the global spread of antibiotic resistance through the air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhiwei Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Shanghai Chengtou Sewage Treatment Co., LtD., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bingjie Lin
- Shanghai Chengtou Sewage Treatment Co., LtD., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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3
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Dotta TC, D'Ercole S, Iezzi G, Pedrazzi V, Galo R, Petrini M. The Interaction between Oral Bacteria and 3D Titanium Porous Surfaces Produced by Selective Laser Melting-A Narrative Review. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:461. [PMID: 39194440 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9080461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The interaction between oral bacteria and dental implant surfaces is a critical factor in the success and longevity of dental implants. With advancements in additive manufacturing technologies, selective laser melting (SLM) has emerged as a prominent method for producing titanium implants with highly controlled microstructures and porosities. These 3D printed titanium surfaces offer significant benefits, such as enhanced osseointegration and improved mechanical properties. However, the same surface features that promote bone cell attachment and proliferation may also provide favorable conditions for bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Understanding the dynamics of these interactions is essential for developing implant surfaces that can effectively resist bacterial colonization while promoting tissue integration. This narrative review explores the complex interplay between oral bacteria and SLM-produced titanium porous surfaces, examining current research findings and potential strategies for optimizing implant design to mitigate the risks of infection and ensure successful clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Cristina Dotta
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Simonetta D'Ercole
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giovanna Iezzi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Vinicius Pedrazzi
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Galo
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Morena Petrini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Choi HY, Kim WG. Tyrosol blocks E. coli anaerobic biofilm formation via YbfA and FNR to increase antibiotic susceptibility. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5683. [PMID: 38971825 PMCID: PMC11227560 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50116-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria within mature biofilms are highly resistant to antibiotics than planktonic cells. Oxygen limitation contributes to antibiotic resistance in mature biofilms. Nitric oxide (NO) induces biofilm dispersal; however, low NO levels stimulate biofilm formation, an underexplored process. Here, we introduce a mechanism of anaerobic biofilm formation by investigating the antibiofilm activity of tyrosol, a component in wine. Tyrosol inhibits E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation by enhancing NO production. YbfA is identified as a target of tyrosol and its downstream targets are sequentially determined. YbfA activates YfeR, which then suppresses the anaerobic regulator FNR. This suppression leads to decreased NO production, elevated bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric GMP levels, and finally stimulates anaerobic biofilm formation in the mature stage. Blocking YbfA with tyrosol treatment renders biofilm cells as susceptible to antibiotics as planktonic cells. Thus, this study presents YbfA as a promising antibiofilm target to address antibiotic resistance posed by biofilm-forming bacteria, with tyrosol acting as an inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Young Choi
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yusong, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Gon Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yusong, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Puri D, Allison KR. Escherichia coli self-organizes developmental rosettes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2315850121. [PMID: 38814871 PMCID: PMC11161754 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2315850121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Rosettes are self-organizing, circular multicellular communities that initiate developmental processes, like organogenesis and embryogenesis, in complex organisms. Their formation results from the active repositioning of adhered sister cells and is thought to distinguish multicellular organisms from unicellular ones. Though common in eukaryotes, this multicellular behavior has not been reported in bacteria. In this study, we found that Escherichia coli forms rosettes by active sister-cell repositioning. After division, sister cells "fold" to actively align at the 2- and 4-cell stages of clonal division, thereby producing rosettes with characteristic quatrefoil configuration. Analysis revealed that folding follows an angular random walk, composed of ~1 µm strokes and directional randomization. We further showed that this motion was produced by the flagellum, the extracellular tail whose rotation generates swimming motility. Rosette formation was found to require de novo flagella synthesis suggesting it must balance the opposing forces of Ag43 adhesion and flagellar propulsion. We went on to show that proper rosette formation was required for subsequent morphogenesis of multicellular chains, rpoS gene expression, and formation of hydrostatic clonal-chain biofilms. Moreover, we found self-folding rosette-like communities in the standard motility assay, indicating that this behavior may be a general response to hydrostatic environments in E. coli. These findings establish self-organization of clonal rosettes by a prokaryote and have implications for evolutionary biology, synthetic biology, and medical microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devina Puri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30322
| | - Kyle R. Allison
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30322
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA30322
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Khan MM, Sidorczuk K, Becker J, Aleksandrowicz A, Baraniewicz K, Ludwig C, Ali A, Kingsley RA, Schierack P, Kolenda R. Characterization of clumpy adhesion of Escherichia coli to human cells and associated factors influencing antibiotic sensitivity. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0260623. [PMID: 38530058 PMCID: PMC11064533 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02606-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli intestinal infection pathotypes are characterized by distinct adhesion patterns, including the recently described clumpy adhesion phenotype. Here, we identify and characterize the genetic factors contributing to the clumpy adhesion of E. coli strain 4972. In this strain, the transcriptome and proteome of adhered bacteria were found to be distinct from planktonic bacteria in the supernatant. A total of 622 genes in the transcriptome were differentially expressed in bacteria present in clumps relative to the planktonic bacteria. Seven genes targeted for disruption had variable distribution in different pathotypes and nonpathogenic E. coli, with the pilV and spnT genes being the least frequent or absent from most groups. Deletion (Δ) of five differentially expressed genes, flgH, ffp, pilV, spnT, and yggT, affected motility, adhesion, or antibiotic stress. ΔflgH exhibited 80% decrease and ΔyggT depicted 184% increase in adhesion, and upon complementation, adhesion was significantly reduced to 13%. ΔflgH lost motility and was regenerated when complemented, whereas Δffp had significantly increased motility, and reintroduction of the same gene reduced it to the wild-type level. The clumps produced by Δffp and ΔspnT were more resistant and protected the bacteria, with ΔspnT showing the best clump formation in terms of ampicillin stress protection. ΔyggT had the lowest tolerance to gentamicin, where the antibiotic stress completely eliminated the bacteria. Overall, we were able to investigate the influence of clump formation on cell surface adhesion and antimicrobial tolerance, with the contribution of several factors crucial to clump formation on susceptibility to the selected antibiotics. IMPORTANCE The study explores a biofilm-like clumpy adhesion phenotype in Escherichia coli, along with various factors and implications for antibiotic susceptibility. The phenotype permitted the bacteria to survive the onslaught of high antibiotic concentrations. Profiles of the transcriptome and proteome allowed the differentiation between adhered bacteria in clumps and planktonic bacteria in the supernatant. The deletion mutants of genes differentially expressed between adhered and planktonic bacteria, i.e., flgH, ffp, pilV, spnT, and yggT, and respective complementations in trans cemented their roles in multiple capacities. ffp, an uncharacterized gene, is involved in motility and resistance to ampicillin in a clumpy state. The work also affirms for the first time the role of the yggT gene in adhesion and its involvement in susceptibility against another aminoglycoside antibiotic, i.e., gentamicin. Overall, the study contributes to the mechanisms of biofilm-like adhesion phenotype and understanding of the antimicrobial therapy failures and infections of E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Moman Khan
- Institute for Biotechnology, Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Sidorczuk
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Juliane Becker
- Institute for Biotechnology, Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Adrianna Aleksandrowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Karolina Baraniewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Christina Ludwig
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Aamir Ali
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Robert A. Kingsley
- Quadram Institute Biosciences, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Schierack
- Institute for Biotechnology, Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Rafał Kolenda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
- Quadram Institute Biosciences, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
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7
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Mehraj I, Hamid A, Gani U, Iralu N, Manzoor T, Saleem Bhat S. Combating Antimicrobial Resistance by Employing Antimicrobial Peptides: Immunomodulators and Therapeutic Agents against Infectious Diseases. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2023-2035. [PMID: 38533844 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The rising prevalence of multiple-drug-resistant pathogens poses a formidable challenge to conventional antimicrobial treatments. The inability of potent antibiotics to combat these "superbugs" underscores the pressing need for alternative therapeutic agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent an alternative class of antibiotics. AMPs are essential immunomodulatory molecules that are found in various organisms. They play a pivotal role in managing microbial ecosystems and bolstering innate immunity by targeting and eliminating invading microorganisms. AMPs also have applications in the agriculture sector by combating animal as well as plant pathogens. AMPs can be exploited for the targeted therapy of various diseases and can also be used in drug-delivery systems. They can be used in synergy with current treatments like antibiotics and can potentially lead to a lower required dosage. AMPs also have huge potential in wound healing and regenerative medicine. Developing AMP-based strategies with improved safety, specificity, and efficacy is crucial in the battle against alarming global microbial resistance. This review will explore AMPs' increasing applicability, their mode of antimicrobial activity, and various delivery systems enhancing their stability and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insha Mehraj
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 05466, India
| | - Aflaq Hamid
- Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 05466, India
| | - Ubaid Gani
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 05466, India
| | - Nulevino Iralu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 05466, India
| | - Tasaduq Manzoor
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 05466, India
| | - Sahar Saleem Bhat
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 05466, India
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Baijal K, Abramchuk I, Herrera CM, Mah TF, Trent MS, Lavallée-Adam M, Downey M. Polyphosphate kinase regulates LPS structure and polymyxin resistance during starvation in E. coli. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002558. [PMID: 38478588 PMCID: PMC10962826 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphosphates (polyP) are chains of inorganic phosphates that can reach over 1,000 residues in length. In Escherichia coli, polyP is produced by the polyP kinase (PPK) and is thought to play a protective role during the response to cellular stress. However, the molecular pathways impacted by PPK activity and polyP accumulation remain poorly characterized. In this work, we used label-free mass spectrometry to study the response of bacteria that cannot produce polyP (Δppk) during starvation to identify novel pathways regulated by PPK. In response to starvation, we found 92 proteins significantly differentially expressed between wild-type and Δppk mutant cells. Wild-type cells were enriched for proteins related to amino acid biosynthesis and transport, while Δppk mutants were enriched for proteins related to translation and ribosome biogenesis, suggesting that without PPK, cells remain inappropriately primed for growth even in the absence of the required building blocks. From our data set, we were particularly interested in Arn and EptA proteins, which were down-regulated in Δppk mutants compared to wild-type controls, because they play a role in lipid A modifications linked to polymyxin resistance. Using western blotting, we confirm differential expression of these and related proteins in K-12 strains and a uropathogenic isolate, and provide evidence that this mis-regulation in Δppk cells stems from a failure to induce the BasRS two-component system during starvation. We also show that Δppk mutants unable to up-regulate Arn and EptA expression lack the respective L-Ara4N and pEtN modifications on lipid A. In line with this observation, loss of ppk restores polymyxin sensitivity in resistant strains carrying a constitutively active basR allele. Overall, we show a new role for PPK in lipid A modification during starvation and provide a rationale for targeting PPK to sensitize bacteria towards polymyxin treatment. We further anticipate that our proteomics work will provide an important resource for researchers interested in the diverse pathways impacted by PPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchi Baijal
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iryna Abramchuk
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carmen M. Herrera
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Thien-Fah Mah
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - M. Stephen Trent
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Mathieu Lavallée-Adam
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Downey
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Su C, Gong JS, Dong Q, Wang NK, Li H, Shi JS, Xu ZH. Efficient production and characterization of a newly identified trehalase for inhibiting the formation of bacterial biofilms. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129928. [PMID: 38309393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Trehalase has attracted widespread attention in medicine, agriculture, food, and ethanol industry due to its ability to specifically degrade trehalose. Efficient expression of trehalase remains a challenge. In this study, a putative trehalase-encoding gene (Tre-zm) from Zunongwangia mangrovi was explored using gene-mining strategy and heterologously expressed in E. coli. Trehalase activity reached 3374 U·mL-1 after fermentation optimization. The scale-up fermentation in a 15 L fermenter was achieved with a trehalase production of 15,068 U·mL-1. The recombinant trehalase TreZM was purified and characterized. It displayed optimal activity at 35 °C and pH 8.5, with Mn2+, Sn2+, Na+, and Fe2+ promoting the activity. Notably, TreZM showed significant inhibition effect on biofilm forming of Staphylococcus epidermidis. The combination of TreZM with a low concentration of antibiotics could inhibit 70 % biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis and 28 % of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hence, this study provides a promising candidate for industrial production of trehalase and highlights its potential application to control harmful biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Su
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, PR China
| | - Jin-Song Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, PR China.
| | - Qi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Nan-Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, PR China
| | - Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, PR China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, PR China.
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, PR China
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10
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Gattu R, Ramesh SS, Ramesh S. Role of small molecules and nanoparticles in effective inhibition of microbial biofilms: A ray of hope in combating microbial resistance. Microb Pathog 2024; 188:106543. [PMID: 38219923 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Microbial biofilms pose a severe threat to global health, as they are associated with deadly chronic infections and antibiotic resistance. To date, very few drugs are in clinical practice that specifically target microbial biofilms. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of novel therapeutic options targeting biofilm-related infections. In this review, we discuss nearly seventy-five different molecular scaffolds published over the last decade (2010-2023) which have exhibited their biofilm inhibition potential. For convenience, we have classified these into five different sub-groups based on their origin and design (excluding peptides as they are placed in between small molecules and biologics), namely, heterocycles; inorganic small molecules & metal complexes; small molecules decorated nanoparticles; small molecules derived from natural products (both plant and marine sources); and small molecules designed by in-silico approach. These antibiofilm agents are capable of disrupting microbial biofilms and can offer a promising avenue for future developments in human medicine. A hitherto review of this kind will lay a platform for the researchers to find new molecular entities to curb the serious menace of antimicrobial resistance especially caused by biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohith Gattu
- Postgraduate Department of Chemistry, JSS College of Arts, Commerce and Science (A Recognized Research Centre of University of Mysore), Ooty Road, Mysuru, 570025, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjay S Ramesh
- Postgraduate Department of Chemistry, JSS College of Arts, Commerce and Science (A Recognized Research Centre of University of Mysore), Ooty Road, Mysuru, 570025, Karnataka, India
| | - Suhas Ramesh
- Postgraduate Department of Chemistry, JSS College of Arts, Commerce and Science (A Recognized Research Centre of University of Mysore), Ooty Road, Mysuru, 570025, Karnataka, India.
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11
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Tabussam T, Shehnaz H, Majeed MI, Nawaz H, Alghamdi AA, Iqbal MA, Shahid M, Shahid U, Umer R, Rehman MT, Farooq U, Hassan A, Imran M. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for studying the interaction of organometallic compound bis(1,3-dihexylimidazole-2-yl) silver(i) hexafluorophosphate (v) with the biofilm of Escherichia coli. RSC Adv 2024; 14:7112-7123. [PMID: 38419676 PMCID: PMC10899858 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08667d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli biofilms are a major cause of gastrointestinal tract diseases, such as esophageal, stomach and intestinal diseases. Nowadays, these are the most commonly occurring diseases caused by consuming contaminated food. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of probiotics in controlling multidrug-resistant E. coli and reducing its ability to form biofilms. Our results substantiate the effective use of probiotics as antimicrobial alternatives and to eradicate biofilms formed by multidrug-resistant E. coli. In this research, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was utilized to identify and evaluate Escherichia coli biofilms and their response to the varying concentrations of the organometallic compound bis(1,3-dihexylimidazole-2-yl) silver(i) hexafluorophosphate (v). Given the escalating challenge of antibiotic resistance in bacteria that form biofilms, understanding the impact of potential antibiotic agents is crucial for the healthcare sector. The combination of SERS with principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) enabled the detection and characterization of the biofilm, providing insights into the biochemical changes induced by the antibiotic candidate. The identified SERS spectral features served as indicators for elucidating the mode of action of the potential drug on the biofilm. Through PCA and PLS-DA, metabolic variations allowing the differentiation and classification of unexposed biofilms and biofilms exposed to different concentrations of the synthesized antibiotic were successfully identified, with 95% specificity, 96% sensitivity, and a 0.75 area under the curve (AUC). This research underscores the efficiency of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy in differentiating the impact of potential antibiotic agents on E. coli biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Tabussam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Hina Shehnaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Abeer Ahmed Alghamdi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Adnan Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Urwa Shahid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Rabiea Umer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | | | - Umer Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University P.O. Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia
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12
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Guliy OI, Evstigneeva SS, Shirokov AA, Bunin VD. Sensor system for analysis of biofilm sensitivity to ampicillin. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:172. [PMID: 38265501 PMCID: PMC10808281 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12831-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The resistance of biofilms to antibiotics is a key factor that makes bacterial infections unsusceptible to antimicrobial therapy. The results of classical tests of cell sensitivity to antibiotics cannot be used to predict therapeutic success in infections associated with biofilm formation. We describe a simple and rapid method for the real-time evaluation of bacterial biofilm sensitivity to antibiotics, with Pseudomonas putida and ampicillin as examples. The method uses an electric biosensor to detect the difference between changes in the biofilm electric polarizability, thereby evaluating antibiotic sensitivity. The electric signals showed that P. putida biofilms were susceptible to ampicillin and that at high antibiotic concentrations, the biofilms differed markedly in their susceptibility (dose-dependent effect). The sensor also detected differences between biofilms before and after ampicillin treatment. The electric-signal changes enabled us to describe the physical picture of the processes occurring in bacterial biofilms in the presence of ampicillin. The approach used in this study is promising for evaluating the activity of various compounds against biofilms, because it permits a conclusion about the antibiotic sensitivity of biofilm bacteria to be made in real time and in a short period (analysis time, not longer than 20 min). An added strong point is that analysis can be done directly in liquid, without preliminary sample preparation. KEY POINTS: • Sensor system to analyze biofilm antimicrobial susceptibility is described. • The signal change depended on the ampicillin concentration (dose-dependent effect). • The sensor allows real-time determination of the antibiofilm effect of ampicillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga I Guliy
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms - Subdivision of the Federal State Budgetary Research Institution Saratov Federal Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), Saratov, 410049, Russia.
| | - Stella S Evstigneeva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms - Subdivision of the Federal State Budgetary Research Institution Saratov Federal Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), Saratov, 410049, Russia
| | - Alexander A Shirokov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms - Subdivision of the Federal State Budgetary Research Institution Saratov Federal Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), Saratov, 410049, Russia
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13
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Wu S, Cui L, Han Y, Lin F, Huang J, Song M, Lan Z, Sun S. Characteristics, Whole-Genome Sequencing and Pathogenicity Analysis of Escherichia coli from a White Feather Broiler Farm. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2939. [PMID: 38138083 PMCID: PMC10745608 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian colibacillosis, caused by avian Escherichia coli (E. coli), has historically been one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in large-scale poultry production, causing growth delays and mortality in chickens, resulting in huge economic losses. In recent years, the widespread use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug resistance in E. coli as a significant global problem and long-term challenge. Resistant E. coli can be transmitted to humans through animal products or the environment, which presents significant public health concerns and food safety issues. In this study, we analyzed the features of 135 E. coli strains obtained from a white feather broiler farm in Shandong, China, including antimicrobial susceptibility tests, detection of class 1 integrons, drug resistance genes, virulence genes, and phylogenetic subgroups. It is particularly worrying that all 135 E. coli strains were resistant to at least five antibiotic agents, and 100% of them were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Notably, the resistance genes of blaTEM, blaCTX-M, qnrS, aaC4, tetA, and tetB exhibited a high prevalence of carriage among the tested resistance genes. However, mcr-2~mcr-9 were not detected, while the prevalence of mcr-1 was found to be 2.96%. The most common virulence genes detected were EAST1 (14.07%, encoding enterotoxins) and fyuA (14.81%, encoding biofilm formation). Phylogenetic subgroup analysis revealed that E. coli belonging to groups B2 and D, which are commonly associated with high virulence, constituted 2.22% and 11.11%, respectively. The positive rate of class 1 integrons was 31.1%. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and animal experiments were performed on a unique isolated strain called 21EC78 with an extremely strong membrane-forming capacity. The WGS results showed that 21EC78 carried 11 drug resistance genes and 16 virulence genes. Animal experiments showed that intraperitoneal injection with 2 × 105 CFU could cause the death of one-day-old SPF chickens in 3 days. However, the mortality of Luhua chickens was comparatively lower than that of SPF chickens. This study reports the isolation of multidrug-resistant E. coli strains in poultry, which may pose a potential threat to human health via the food chain. Furthermore, the findings of this study enhance our comprehension of the frequency and characteristics of multidrug-resistant E. coli in poultry farms, emphasizing the urgent need for improved and effective continuous surveillance to control its dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopeng Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271000, China; (S.W.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (F.L.); (J.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Lulu Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271000, China; (S.W.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (F.L.); (J.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Yu Han
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271000, China; (S.W.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (F.L.); (J.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Fang Lin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271000, China; (S.W.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (F.L.); (J.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271000, China; (S.W.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (F.L.); (J.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Mengze Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271000, China; (S.W.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (F.L.); (J.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Zouran Lan
- Shandong Provincial Center for Animal Disease Control, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Shuhong Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271000, China; (S.W.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (F.L.); (J.H.); (M.S.)
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14
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Gastaldi Guerrieri C, Teixeira Gonçalves M, Ferreira da Silva A, Souza Dos Santos AL, Dos Santos KV, Cruz Spano L. Remarkable antibiofilm activity of ciprofloxacin, cefoxitin, and tobramycin, by themselves or in combination, against enteroaggregative Escherichia coli in vitro. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 107:116048. [PMID: 37657231 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC), a biofilm forming pathogen, causes acute and persistent diarrhea worldwide, requiring antimicrobial therapy in severe or persistent cases. To determine the susceptibility of EAEC biofilm to antimicrobials, as single-agent or combined therapy, biofilm formation was investigated using EAEC clinical strains via peg lid. Of the 78 initially analyzed strains, 35 could form biofilms, 15 (42.9%; 15/35) were resistant to at least 1 tested antimicrobial and 20 (57.1%) were susceptible to all of them in the planktonic form. The biofilms of these susceptible strains were challenged against chosen antimicrobials, and displayed resistance to tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone (85%-100%), tobramycin (25%), cefoxitin (20%), and ciprofloxacin (5%). Moreover, ciprofloxacin combined with ampicillin, and tobramycin eradicated the biofilm of 2 of the 4 tested strains. Ciprofloxacin, cefoxitin, and tobramycin maintained their activity well against EAEC biofilm, suggesting their possible effectiveness to treat diarrhea caused by biofilm-forming EAEC strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Gastaldi Guerrieri
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of EspÃrito Santo, Vitória, EspÃrito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Teixeira Gonçalves
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of EspÃrito Santo, Vitória, EspÃrito Santo, Brazil
| | - Anazi Ferreira da Silva
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of EspÃrito Santo, Vitória, EspÃrito Santo, Brazil
| | - André Luis Souza Dos Santos
- Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kênia Valéria Dos Santos
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of EspÃrito Santo, Vitória, EspÃrito Santo, Brazil
| | - Liliana Cruz Spano
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of EspÃrito Santo, Vitória, EspÃrito Santo, Brazil
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15
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Chung FY, Huang CR, Chen CS, Chen YF. Natural nanogels crosslinked with S-benzyl-L-cysteine exhibit potent antibacterial activity. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 153:213551. [PMID: 37441957 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm-forming bacteria E. coli and P. aeruginosa have both exhibited resistance against multiple antibiotics in clinical settings. To find a solution, researchers have turned to antibacterial structurally modified from natural materials that are harmless to the human body. Among these is DNA, a natural polymer composed of deoxyribose that when treated with HCl exposes its aldehyde groups and produces DNA-HCl. Here, we crosslinked these aldehyde groups with the primary amines in S-benzyl-L-cysteine (SBLC) using a Schiff reaction to obtain DNA-HCl-SBLC. We additionally treated alginate acid (AA) with EDAC, obtaining AA-EDAC, and substituting it with SBLC to produce AA-SBLC. We incorporated the above reactions with an emulsification process to produce nanogels (NGs) that were verified to be spherical and possessing benzene rings successfully grafted onto DNA-HCl and AA-EDAC. These natural NGs were proven to be negatively charged through zeta potential analysis and presented low cytotoxicity toward normal cells in cell organoid viability assays. These SBLC-modified polymers provided better inhibition of bacterial growth than those without modification. Moreover, after incubation with SBLC-modified NGs, bacteria expressed intracellular recA or pvdA in a dose-dependent manner, which was consistent with SEM data from damaged bacteria. Out of four tested NGs, DNA-HCl-SBLC NGs suppressed P. aeruginosa-induced sepsis most effectively and extended the lifespan of C. elegans. This study provides an alternative clinical solution to antibiotics-resistant biofilm strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yu Chung
- Master Program in Biomedicine, National Taitung University, No. 684, Section 1, Zhonghua Rd., Taitung 95092, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., East Dist., Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Rung Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., East Dist., Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Shi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., East Dist., Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Fon Chen
- Master Program in Biomedicine, National Taitung University, No. 684, Section 1, Zhonghua Rd., Taitung 95092, Taiwan.
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16
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Kalia VC, Patel SKS, Lee JK. Bacterial biofilm inhibitors: An overview. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 264:115389. [PMID: 37634478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria that cause infectious diseases adopt biofilms as one of their most prevalent lifestyles. Biofilms enable bacteria to tolerate environmental stress and evade antibacterial agents. This bacterial defense mechanism has rendered the use of antibiotics ineffective for the treatment of infectious diseases. However, many highly drug-resistant microbes have rapidly emerged owing to such treatments. Different signaling mechanisms regulate bacterial biofilm formation, including cyclic dinucleotide (c-di-GMP), small non-coding RNAs, and quorum sensing (QS). A cell density-dependent phenomenon, QS is associated with c-di-GMP (a global messenger), which regulates gene expression related to adhesion, extracellular matrix production, the transition from the planktonic to biofilm stage, stability, pathogenicity, virulence, and acquisition of nutrients. The article aims to provide information on inhibiting biofilm formation and disintegrating mature/preformed biofilms. This treatment enables antimicrobials to target the free-living/exposed bacterial cells at lower concentrations than those needed to treat bacteria within the biofilm. Therefore, a complementary action of antibiofilm and antimicrobial agents can be a robust strategic approach to dealing with infectious diseases. Taken together, these molecules have broad implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjay K S Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Richter-Dahlfors A, Kärkkäinen E, Choong FX. Fluorescent optotracers for bacterial and biofilm detection and diagnostics. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2023; 24:2246867. [PMID: 37680974 PMCID: PMC10481766 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2023.2246867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Effective treatment of bacterial infections requires methods that accurately and quickly identify which antibiotic should be prescribed. This review describes recent research on the development of optotracing methodologies for bacterial and biofilm detection and diagnostics. Optotracers are small, chemically well-defined, anionic fluorescent tracer molecules that detect peptide- and carbohydrate-based biopolymers. This class of organic molecules (luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes) show unique electronic, electrochemical and optical properties originating from the conjugated structure of the compounds. The photophysical properties are further improved as donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D)-type motifs are incorporated in the conjugated backbone. Optotracers bind their biopolymeric target molecules via electrostatic interactions. Binding alters the optical properties of these tracer molecules, shown as altered absorption and emission spectra, as well as ON-like switch of fluorescence. As the optotracer provides a defined spectral signature for each binding partner, a fingerprint is generated that can be used for identification of the target biopolymer. Alongside their use for in situ experimentation, optotracers have demonstrated excellent use in studies of a number of clinically relevant microbial pathogens. These methods will find widespread use across a variety of communities engaged in reducing the effect of antibiotic resistance. This includes basic researchers studying molecular resistance mechanisms, academia and pharma developing new antimicrobials targeting biofilm infections and tests to diagnose biofilm infections, as well as those developing antibiotic susceptibility tests for biofilm infections (biofilm-AST). By iterating between the microbial world and that of plants, development of the optotracing technology has become a prime example of successful cross-feeding across the boundaries of disciplines. As optotracers offers a capacity to redefine the way we work with polysaccharides in the microbial world as well as with plant biomass, the technology is providing novel outputs desperately needed for global impact of the threat of antimicrobial resistance as well as our strive for a circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agneta Richter-Dahlfors
- AIMES – Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elina Kärkkäinen
- AIMES – Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ferdinand X. Choong
- AIMES – Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Buchmann D, Schwabe M, Weiss R, Kuss AW, Schaufler K, Schlüter R, Rödiger S, Guenther S, Schultze N. Natural phenolic compounds as biofilm inhibitors of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli - the role of similar biological processes despite structural diversity. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1232039. [PMID: 37731930 PMCID: PMC10507321 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1232039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens such as Escherichia coli have become increasingly difficult to treat and therefore alternative treatment options are needed. Targeting virulence factors like biofilm formation could be one such option. Inhibition of biofilm-related structures like curli and cellulose formation in E. coli has been shown for different phenolic natural compounds like epigallocatechin gallate. This study demonstrates this effect for other structurally unrelated phenolics, namely octyl gallate, scutellarein and wedelolactone. To verify whether these structurally different compounds influence identical pathways of biofilm formation in E. coli a broad comparative RNA-sequencing approach was chosen with additional RT-qPCR to gain initial insights into the pathways affected at the transcriptomic level. Bioinformatical analysis of the RNA-Seq data was performed using DESeq2, BioCyc and KEGG Mapper. The comparative bioinformatics analysis on the pathways revealed that, irrespective of their structure, all compounds mainly influenced similar biological processes. These pathways included bacterial motility, chemotaxis, biofilm formation as well as metabolic processes like arginine biosynthesis and tricarboxylic acid cycle. Overall, this work provides the first insights into the potential mechanisms of action of novel phenolic biofilm inhibitors and highlights the complex regulatory processes of biofilm formation in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Buchmann
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michael Schwabe
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Romano Weiss
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Andreas W. Kuss
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katharina Schaufler
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Infection Medicine, Christian-Albrecht University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rabea Schlüter
- Imaging Center of the Department of Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Rödiger
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Sebastian Guenther
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nadin Schultze
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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19
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Davidson E, Pereira J, Gan Giannelli G, Murphy Z, Anagnostopoulos V, Santra S. Multi-Functional Chitosan Nanovesicles Loaded with Bioactive Manganese for Potential Wound Healing Applications. Molecules 2023; 28:6098. [PMID: 37630350 PMCID: PMC10459768 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic skin wound is a chronic illness that possesses a risk of infection and sepsis. In particular, infections associated with antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains are challenging to treat. To combat this challenge, a suitable alternative that is complementary to antibiotics is desired for wound healing. In this work, we report multi-functional nanoscale chitosan vesicles loaded with manganese (Chi-Mn) that has potential to serve as a new tool to augment traditional antibiotic treatment for skin wound healing. Chi-Mn showed antioxidant activity increase over time as well as antimicrobial activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa PA01. The modified motility assay that mimicked a skin wound before bacterial colonization showed inhibition of bacterial growth with Chi-Mn treatment at a low area density of 0.04 µg of Mn per cm2. Furthermore, this study demonstrated the compatibility of Chi-Mn with a commercial antibiotic showing no loss of antimicrobial potency. In vitro cytotoxicity of Chi-Mn was assessed with macrophages and dermal cell lines (J774A.1 and HDF) elucidating biocompatibility at a wide range (2 ppm-256 ppm). A scratch wound assay involving human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells was performed to assess any negative effect of Chi-Mn on cell migration. Confocal microscopy study confirmed that Chi-Mn tested at the MIC (16 ppm Mn) has no effect on cell migration with respect to control. Overall, this study demonstrated the potential of Chi-Mn nanovesicles for wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Davidson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (J.P.); (Z.M.); (V.A.)
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA;
| | - Jorge Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (J.P.); (Z.M.); (V.A.)
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA;
| | - Giuliana Gan Giannelli
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA;
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Zachary Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (J.P.); (Z.M.); (V.A.)
| | - Vasileios Anagnostopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (J.P.); (Z.M.); (V.A.)
| | - Swadeshmukul Santra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (J.P.); (Z.M.); (V.A.)
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA;
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
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20
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Baijal K, Abramchuk I, Herrera CM, Stephen Trent M, Lavallée-Adam M, Downey M. Proteomics analysis reveals a role for E. coli polyphosphate kinase in membrane structure and polymyxin resistance during starvation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.06.546892. [PMID: 37461725 PMCID: PMC10350021 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.06.546892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Polyphosphates (polyP) are chains of inorganic phosphates that can reach over 1000 residues in length. In Escherichia coli, polyP is produced by the polyP kinase (PPK) and is thought to play a protective role during the response to cellular stress. However, the molecular pathways impacted by PPK activity and polyP accumulation remain poorly characterized. In this work we used label-free mass spectrometry to study the response of bacteria that cannot produce polyP (∆ppk) during starvation to identify novel pathways regulated by PPK. In response to starvation, we found 92 proteins significantly differentially expressed between wild-type and ∆ppk mutant cells. Wild-type cells were enriched for proteins related to amino acid biosynthesis and transport, while Δppk mutants were enriched for proteins related to translation and ribosome biogenesis, suggesting that without PPK, cells remain inappropriately primed for growth even in the absence of required building blocks. From our dataset, we were particularly interested in Arn and EptA proteins, which were downregulated in ∆ppk mutants compared to wild-type controls, because they play a role in lipid A modifications linked to polymyxin resistance. Using western blotting, we confirm differential expression of these and related proteins, and provide evidence that this mis-regulation in ∆ppk cells stems from a failure to induce the BasS/BasR two-component system during starvation. We also show that ∆ppk mutants unable to upregulate Arn and EptA expression lack the respective L-Ara4N and pEtN modifications on lipid A. In line with this observation, loss of ppk restores polymyxin sensitivity in resistant strains carrying a constitutively active basR allele. Overall, we show a new role for PPK in lipid A modification during starvation and provide a rationale for targeting PPK to sensitize bacteria towards polymyxin treatment. We further anticipate that our proteomics work will provide an important resource for researchers interested in the diverse pathways impacted by PPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchi Baijal
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iryna Abramchuk
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carmen M. Herrera
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - M. Stephen Trent
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Mathieu Lavallée-Adam
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Downey
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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21
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Bi S, Qi J, Zhang W, Jiang X. A liquid metal dressing for anti-inflammatory and anti-infection applications to treat diabetic wounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37334651 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01305g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
We report a dual-effect liquid metal dressing with antibiotic delivery and hydrogen generation capacity for antibacterial and anti-inflammatory applications. This material provides a gentle approach for H2 therapy and responsive drug delivery, and can treat chronic diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunchao Bi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jie Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P. R. China.
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22
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Hajiagha MN, Kafil HS. Efflux pumps and microbial biofilm formation. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023:105459. [PMID: 37271271 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm-related infections are resistant forms of pathogens that are regarded as a medical problem, particularly due to the spread of multiple drug resistance. One of the factors associated with biofilm drug resistance is the presence of various types of efflux pumps in bacteria. Efflux pumps also play a role in biofilm formation by influencing Physical-chemical interactions, mobility, gene regulation, quorum sensing (QS), extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and toxic compound extrusion. According to the findings of studies based on efflux pump expression analysis, their role in the anatomical position within the biofilm will differ depending on the biofilm formation stage, encoding gene expression level, the type and concentration of substrate. In some cases, the function of the efflux pumps can overlap with each other, so it seems necessary to accurate identify the efflux pumps of biofilm-forming bacteria along with their function in this process. Such studies will help to choose treatment strategy, at least in combination with antibiotics. Furthermore, if the goal of treatment is an efflux pump manipulation, we should not limit it to inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdyeh Neghabi Hajiagha
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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23
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Varela MF, Stephen J, Bharti D, Lekshmi M, Kumar S. Inhibition of Multidrug Efflux Pumps Belonging to the Major Facilitator Superfamily in Bacterial Pathogens. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1448. [PMID: 37239119 PMCID: PMC10216197 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens resistant to multiple structurally distinct antimicrobial agents are causative agents of infectious disease, and they thus constitute a serious concern for public health. Of the various bacterial mechanisms for antimicrobial resistance, active efflux is a well-known system that extrudes clinically relevant antimicrobial agents, rendering specific pathogens recalcitrant to the growth-inhibitory effects of multiple drugs. In particular, multidrug efflux pump members of the major facilitator superfamily constitute central resistance systems in bacterial pathogens. This review article addresses the recent efforts to modulate these antimicrobial efflux transporters from a molecular perspective. Such investigations can potentially restore the clinical efficacy of infectious disease chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel F. Varela
- Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Station 33, Portales, NM 88130, USA
| | - Jerusha Stephen
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400061, India; (J.S.); (D.B.); (M.L.); (S.K.)
| | - Deeksha Bharti
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400061, India; (J.S.); (D.B.); (M.L.); (S.K.)
| | - Manjusha Lekshmi
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400061, India; (J.S.); (D.B.); (M.L.); (S.K.)
| | - Sanath Kumar
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400061, India; (J.S.); (D.B.); (M.L.); (S.K.)
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24
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Grudlewska-Buda K, Bauza-Kaszewska J, Wiktorczyk-Kapischke N, Budzyńska A, Gospodarek-Komkowska E, Skowron K. Antibiotic Resistance in Selected Emerging Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens-An Issue of Concern? Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050880. [PMID: 37237783 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance (AR) and multidrug resistance (MDR) have been confirmed for all major foodborne pathogens: Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. Of great concern to scientists and physicians are also reports of antibiotic-resistant emerging food pathogens-microorganisms that have not previously been linked to food contamination or were considered epidemiologically insignificant. Since the properties of foodborne pathogens are not always sufficiently recognized, the consequences of the infections are often not easily predictable, and the control of their activity is difficult. The bacteria most commonly identified as emerging foodborne pathogens include Aliarcobacter spp., Aeromonas spp., Cronobacter spp., Vibrio spp., Clostridioides difficile, Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, Salmonella enterica, Streptocccus suis, Campylobacter jejuni, Helicobacter pylori, Listeria monocytogenes and Yersinia enterocolitica. The results of our analysis confirm antibiotic resistance and multidrug resistance among the mentioned species. Among the antibiotics whose effectiveness is steadily declining due to expanding resistance among bacteria isolated from food are β-lactams, sulfonamides, tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones. Continuous and thorough monitoring of strains isolated from food is necessary to characterize the existing mechanisms of resistance. In our opinion, this review shows the scale of the problem of microbes related to health, which should not be underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Grudlewska-Buda
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Justyna Bauza-Kaszewska
- Department of Microbiology and Food Technology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-029 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Natalia Wiktorczyk-Kapischke
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Budzyńska
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowska
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Skowron
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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25
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Patkowski JB, Dahlberg T, Amin H, Gahlot DK, Vijayrajratnam S, Vogel JP, Francis MS, Baker JL, Andersson M, Costa TRD. The F-pilus biomechanical adaptability accelerates conjugative dissemination of antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1879. [PMID: 37019921 PMCID: PMC10076315 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37600-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Conjugation is used by bacteria to propagate antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment. Central to this process are widespread conjugative F-pili that establish the connection between donor and recipient cells, thereby facilitating the spread of IncF plasmids among enteropathogenic bacteria. Here, we show that the F-pilus is highly flexible but robust at the same time, properties that increase its resistance to thermochemical and mechanical stresses. By a combination of biophysical and molecular dynamics methods, we establish that the presence of phosphatidylglycerol molecules in the F-pilus contributes to the structural stability of the polymer. Moreover, this structural stability is important for successful delivery of DNA during conjugation and facilitates rapid formation of biofilms in harsh environmental conditions. Thus, our work highlights the importance of F-pilus structural adaptations for the efficient spread of AMR genes in a bacterial population and for the formation of biofilms that protect against the action of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonasz B Patkowski
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Tobias Dahlberg
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Himani Amin
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Sukhithasri Vijayrajratnam
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Joseph P Vogel
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Matthew S Francis
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Joseph L Baker
- Department of Chemistry, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ, 08628, USA.
| | | | - Tiago R D Costa
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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26
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Ebrahimi MT, Hedayati MA, Pirlar RF, Mortazavi N, Nazari M, Ahmadi A, Hemmati J, Erfani Y. Investigation of the biofilm formation in extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli ST131 strains and its correlation with the presence of fimH, afa, and kpsMSTII genes. J Appl Genet 2023; 64:367-373. [PMID: 36976452 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-023-00757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) is a multidrug-resistant strain with the global dissemination. Biofilm formation-related factors include the most important virulence factors in extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) ST131 strains causing infections with treatment-limited subjects. This study aims to investigate the biofilm formation ability and its correlation with the presence of fimH, afa, and kpsMSTII genes in clinical isolates of ExPEC ST131. In this regard, the prevalence and characteristics of these strains collected and evaluated. The results revealed strong, moderate, and weak attachment abilities related to biofilm formation attributes in 45%, 20%, and 35% of strains, respectively. In the meantime, the frequency of the fimH, afa, and kpsMSTII genes among the isolates was observed as follows: fimH positive: 65%; afa positive: 55%; and kpsMSTII positive: 85%. The results convey a significant different of biofilm formation ability between clinical E. coli ST131 and non-ST131 isolates. Furthermore, while 45% of ST131 isolates produced strong biofilms, only 2% of non-ST131 isolates showed the ability to form strong biofilms. The attending of fimH, afa, and kpsMSTII genes in the majority of ST131 strains demonstrated a key role leading to biofilm formation. These findings suggested the application of fimH, afa, and kpsMSTII gene suppressors for treating biofilm infections caused by drug-resistant ST131 strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taha Ebrahimi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manouchehr Ahmadi Hedayati
- Liver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Rima Fanaei Pirlar
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Newsha Mortazavi
- Department of Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nazari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amjad Ahmadi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Jaber Hemmati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Yousef Erfani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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27
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Sanmukh SG, Admella J, Moya-Andérico L, Fehér T, Arévalo-Jaimes BV, Blanco-Cabra N, Torrents E. Accessing the In Vivo Efficiency of Clinically Isolated Phages against Uropathogenic and Invasive Biofilm-Forming Escherichia coli Strains for Phage Therapy. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030344. [PMID: 36766686 PMCID: PMC9913540 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is one of the most common members of the intestinal microbiota. Many of its strains are associated with various inflammatory infections, including urinary or gut infections, especially when displaying antibiotic resistance or in patients with suppressed immune systems. According to recent reports, the biofilm-forming potential of E. coli is a crucial factor for its increased resistance against antibiotics. To overcome the limitations of using antibiotics against resistant E. coli strains, the world is turning once more towards bacteriophage therapy, which is becoming a promising candidate amongst the current personalized approaches to target different bacterial infections. Although matured and persistent biofilms pose a serious challenge to phage therapy, they can still become an effective alternative to antibiotic treatment. Here, we assess the efficiency of clinically isolated phages in phage therapy against representative clinical uropathogenic and invasive biofilm-forming E. coli strains. Our results demonstrate that irrespective of host specificity, bacteriophages producing clear plaques with a high burst size, and exhibiting depolymerizing activity, are good candidates against biofilm-producing E. coli pathogens as verified from our in vitro and in vivo experiments using Galleria mellonella where survival was significantly increased for phage-therapy-treated larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil Ganesh Sanmukh
- Bacterial Infections: Antimicrobial Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac, 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: or (S.G.S.); or (E.T.)
| | - Joana Admella
- Bacterial Infections: Antimicrobial Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac, 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Moya-Andérico
- Bacterial Infections: Antimicrobial Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac, 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tamás Fehér
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Betsy Verónica Arévalo-Jaimes
- Bacterial Infections: Antimicrobial Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac, 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Blanco-Cabra
- Bacterial Infections: Antimicrobial Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac, 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Microbiology Section, Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Torrents
- Bacterial Infections: Antimicrobial Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac, 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Microbiology Section, Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: or (S.G.S.); or (E.T.)
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28
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Wang Q, Lavoine N, Salvi D. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma for the sanitation of conveyor belt materials: Decontamination efficacy against adherent bacteria and biofilms of Escherichia coli and effect on surface properties. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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29
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Yang K, Wang L, Cao X, Gu Z, Zhao G, Ran M, Yan Y, Yan J, Xu L, Gao C, Yang M. The Origin, Function, Distribution, Quantification, and Research Advances of Extracellular DNA. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13690. [PMID: 36430193 PMCID: PMC9698649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, DNA is ubiquitous, existing not only inside but also outside of the cells of organisms. Intracellular DNA (iDNA) plays an essential role in different stages of biological growth, and it is defined as the carrier of genetic information. In addition, extracellular DNA (eDNA) is not enclosed in living cells, accounting for a large proportion of total DNA in the environment. Both the lysis-dependent and lysis-independent pathways are involved in eDNA release, and the released DNA has diverse environmental functions. This review provides an insight into the origin as well as the multiple ecological functions of eDNA. Furthermore, the main research advancements of eDNA in the various ecological environments and the various model microorganisms are summarized. Furthermore, the major methods for eDNA extraction and quantification are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lishuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xinghong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhaorui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guowei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mengqu Ran
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yunjun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jinyong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chunhui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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30
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Simulated Micro-, Lunar, and Martian Gravities on Earth—Effects on Escherichia coli Growth, Phenotype, and Sensitivity to Antibiotics. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091399. [PMID: 36143436 PMCID: PMC9502502 DOI: 10.3390/life12091399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial behavior has been studied under microgravity conditions, but very little is known about it under lunar and Martian gravitational regimes. An Earth-based approach was designed and implemented using inclined clinostats and an in-house-developed code to determine the optimal clinorotation angular speed for bacterial liquid cultures of 5 RPM. With this setup, growth dynamics, phenotypic changes, and sensitivity to antibiotics (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of two different classes of antibiotics) for three Escherichia coli strains (including uropathogenic) were examined under simulated micro-, lunar, and Martian gravities. The results included increased growth under simulated micro- and lunar gravities for some strains, and higher concentrations of antibiotics needed under simulated lunar gravity with respect to simulated micro- and Martian gravities. Clinostat-produced results can be considered suggestive but not determinative of what might be expected in altered gravity, as there is still a need to systematically verify these simulation devices’ ability to accurately replicate phenomena observed in space. Nevertheless, this approach serves as a baseline to start interrogating key cellular and molecular aspects relevant to microbial processes on the lunar and Martian surfaces.
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31
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Ballash GA, Mollenkopf DF, Diaz-Campos D, van Balen JC, Cianciolo RE, Wittum TE. Pathogenomics and clinical recurrence influence biofilm capacity of Escherichia coli isolated from canine urinary tract infections. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270461. [PMID: 36006972 PMCID: PMC9409522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm formation enhances bacteria’s ability to colonize unique niches while protecting themselves from environmental stressors. Escherichia coli that colonize the urinary tract can protect themselves from the harsh bladder environment by forming biofilms. These biofilms promote persistence that can lead to chronic and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI). While biofilm formation is frequently studied among urinary E. coli, its association with other pathogenic mechanisms and adaptations in certain host populations remains poorly understood. Here we utilized whole genome sequencing and retrospective medical record analysis to investigate associations between the population structure, phenotypic resistance, resistome, virulome, and patient demographic and clinical findings of 104 unique urinary E. coli and their capacity to form biofilms. We show that population structure including multilocus sequence typing and Clermont phylogrouping had no association with biofilm capacity. Among clinical factors, exposure to multiple antibiotics within that past 30 days and a clinical history of recurrent UTIs were positively associated with biofilm formation. In contrast, phenotypic antimicrobial reduced susceptibility and corresponding acquired resistance genes were negatively associated with biofilm formation. While biofilm formation was associated with increased virulence genes within the cumulative virulome, individual virulence genes did not influence biofilm capacity. We identified unique virulotypes among different strata of biofilm formation and associated the presence of the tosA/R-ibeA gene combination with moderate to strong biofilm formation. Our findings suggest that E. coli causing UTI in dogs utilize a heterogenous mixture of virulence genes to reach a biofilm phenotype, some of which may promote robust biofilm capacity. Antimicrobial use may select for two populations, non-biofilm formers that maintain an arsenal of antimicrobial resistance genes to nullify treatment and a second that forms durable biofilms to avoid therapeutic insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A. Ballash
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Dixie F. Mollenkopf
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Dubraska Diaz-Campos
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Joany C. van Balen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Rachel E. Cianciolo
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Thomas E. Wittum
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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32
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Magadla A, Openda YI, Nyokong T. The implications of Ortho-, Meta- and Para- Directors on the In-Vitro Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Activity of Cationic Pyridyl-dihydrothiazole Phthalocyanines. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:103029. [PMID: 35872353 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cationic Zn phthalocyanine complexes derived by alkylation reaction of tetra-(pyridinyloxy) phthalocyanines at the ortho, meta, and para positions to form Zn (II) Tetrakis 3-(4-(2-pyridin-1-ium-1-yl) butyl)-2-mercapto-4,5-dihydrothiazol-3-ium phthalocyanine (2), Zn (II) Tetrakis 3-(4-(3-pyridin-1-ium-1-yl) butyl)-2-mercapto-4,5-dihydrothiazol-3-ium phthalocyanine (4) and Zn (II) Tetrakis 3-(4-(4-pyridin-1-ium-1-yl) butyl)-2-mercapto-4,5-dihydrothiazol-3-ium phthalocyanine (6). The photophysicochemical behaviours of the Pc complexes are assessed. The meta and para-substituted complexes demonstrate high singlet oxygen quantum yields. The cationic Pcs demonstrate good planktonic antibacterial activity towards Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with the highest log reduction values of 9.29 and 8.55, respectively. The cationic complexes also demonstrate a significant decrease in the viability of in vitro biofilms after photo-antimicrobial chemotherapy at 100 µM for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviwe Magadla
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Yolande Ikala Openda
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
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33
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Luo X, Yang Y, Xie S, Wang W, Li N, Wen C, Zhu S, Chen L. Drying and rewetting induce changes in biofilm characteristics and the subsequent release of metal ions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 433:128832. [PMID: 35390615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Drying and rewetting can markedly influence the microbial structure and function of river biofilm communities and potentially result in the release of metal ions from biofilms containing metals. However, little information is available on the response of metal-enriched biofilms to drying and rewetting over time. In this study, natural biofilms were allowed to develop in four rotating annular bioreactors for 2-11 weeks, followed by drying for 5 days and rewetting for another 5 days. Subsequently, we assessed Zn, Cd, and As desorption from the biofilms and other related parameters (microbial community structure, biofilm morphology, enzyme activity, and surface components as well as characteristics). High-throughput sequencing of the 16 S rRNA gene and confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that the biofilm architecture and bacterial communities were distinct in different growth phases and under drying and rewetting conditions (permutational multivariate analysis of variance; p = 0.001). Proteobacteria was the dominant bacterial phylum, accounting for 69.7-90.1% of the total content. Kinetic experiments revealed that the drying and rewetting process increased metal desorption from the biofilm matrix. The desorption of heavy metals was affected by the age of the biofilm, with the maximum amount of metal ions released from 2-week-old biofilms (one-way ANOVA, Zn: p < 0.001; Cd: p = 0.008; As: p < 0.001). The modifications in biofilm properties and decreased diversity of the bacterial community (paired t-test, p < 0.05) after drying and rewetting decreased the number of specific binding sites for metal ions. In addition, negatively charged arsenate and other anions in the liquid phase could compete with As ions for adsorption sites to promote the release of As(V) and/or reductive desorption of As(III). The results of this study and their interpretation are expected to help refine the behaviors of heavy metals in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Luo
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Yuanhao Yang
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shanshan Xie
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Nihong Li
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Chen Wen
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shijun Zhu
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Liqiang Chen
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming 650500, China.
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34
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Sionov RV, Steinberg D. Targeting the Holy Triangle of Quorum Sensing, Biofilm Formation, and Antibiotic Resistance in Pathogenic Bacteria. Microorganisms 2022; 10:1239. [PMID: 35744757 PMCID: PMC9228545 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic and recurrent bacterial infections are frequently associated with the formation of biofilms on biotic or abiotic materials that are composed of mono- or multi-species cultures of bacteria/fungi embedded in an extracellular matrix produced by the microorganisms. Biofilm formation is, among others, regulated by quorum sensing (QS) which is an interbacterial communication system usually composed of two-component systems (TCSs) of secreted autoinducer compounds that activate signal transduction pathways through interaction with their respective receptors. Embedded in the biofilms, the bacteria are protected from environmental stress stimuli, and they often show reduced responses to antibiotics, making it difficult to eradicate the bacterial infection. Besides reduced penetration of antibiotics through the intricate structure of the biofilms, the sessile biofilm-embedded bacteria show reduced metabolic activity making them intrinsically less sensitive to antibiotics. Moreover, they frequently express elevated levels of efflux pumps that extrude antibiotics, thereby reducing their intracellular levels. Some efflux pumps are involved in the secretion of QS compounds and biofilm-related materials, besides being important for removing toxic substances from the bacteria. Some efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) have been shown to both prevent biofilm formation and sensitize the bacteria to antibiotics, suggesting a relationship between these processes. Additionally, QS inhibitors or quenchers may affect antibiotic susceptibility. Thus, targeting elements that regulate QS and biofilm formation might be a promising approach to combat antibiotic-resistant biofilm-related bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Vogt Sionov
- The Biofilm Research Laboratory, The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, The Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
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35
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Identification of novel biofilm genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli by Tn5 transposon mutant library. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:130. [PMID: 35688968 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the main pathogens that inflict the poultry industry. Biofilm as the pathogenic factors of APEC, which can enhance the anti-host immune system of APEC and improve its survival in the environment. In order to screen for new genes related to APEC biofilm. The APEC strain APEC81 was used to construct a mutant library by Tn5 insertion mutagenesis. Moreover the 28 mutant strains with severely weakened biofilm were successfully screened from 1500 mutant strains by crystal violet staining, in which 17 genes were obtained by high-efficiency thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR. The reported genes include 3 flagella genes (fliS, fliD, and fliR), 4 curli fimbriae genes (csgD, csgA, csgF, and csgG) and 3 type 1 fimbriae genes (fimA, fimD, and fimC). The novel genes include 3 coenzyme genes (gltA, bglX, and mltF) and 4 putative protein genes (yehE, 07045, 11735, 11255). To investigate whether these 17 genes co-regulate the biofilm, the 17 identified genes were deleted from APEC strain APEC81. The results showed that except for the 11735 and 11255 genes, the deletion of 15 genes significantly reduced the biofilm formation ability of APEC81 (P < 0.05). The result of rdar (red, dry and rough) colony morphology showed that curli fimbriae genes (csgD, csgA, csgF, and csgG) and other functional genes (fimC, glxK, yehE, 07045, and 11255) affected the colony morphology. In particular, the hypothetical protein YehE had the greatest influence on the biofilm. It was predicted to have the same structure as the type 1 fimbria protein. When yehE was deleted, the fimE transcription was up-regulated, and the fimA and fimB transcription were down-regulated, resulting in a decrease in type 1 fimbriae. Hence, the yehE mutant significantly reduced the biofilm and the adhesion and invasion ability to cells (P < 0.05). This study identified 5 novel genes (gltA, bglX, mltF, yehE, and 07045) related to biofilm formation and confirmed that yehE affects biofilm formation by type 1 fimbriae, which will benefit further study of the mechanism of biofilm regulation in APEC.
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36
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Human skin processing affects clinical outcome in allograft recipients. Burns 2022; 49:797-805. [PMID: 35725930 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2022.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Skin allografts represent a milestone in burn patient treatment. However, skin procurement is still burdened by high rates of contamination, and validation procedures have not yet been standardized. In addition, it is not clear if tissue viability affects allograft skin outcomes. In 2120 skin samples from 610 donors, a retrospective analysis was performed to identify donor and procurement variables associated with bacterial contamination and tissue viability. Post-processing contamination was associated significantly with the donor type, cause of death, length of hospitalization, procurement site, surgeon, interval between procurement and banking, and decontamination method. Tissue viability appeared to be negatively associated with freezing. In two series of skin allograft recipients (155 and 195 patients), we evaluated the role of skin characteristics and procurement variables on clinical outcomes. We found that the length of hospitalization was associated significantly with donor age. Procalcitonin and PCR values in allograft recipients were correlated with the decontamination method. No significant associations were observed between tissue viability and clinical outcomes (length of hospitalization, cause of donor death, or inflammatory parameters) after allograft transplantation. In these large case series, we identified donor and procurement variables that may affect allograft skin recipients. The decontamination method appeared to be a critical step for skin allograft requiring better standardization.
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Lattwein KR, Beekers I, Kouijzer JJP, Leon-Grooters M, Langeveld SAG, van Rooij T, van der Steen AFW, de Jong N, van Wamel WJB, Kooiman K. Dispersing and Sonoporating Biofilm-Associated Bacteria with Sonobactericide. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1164. [PMID: 35745739 PMCID: PMC9227517 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria encased in a biofilm poses significant challenges to successful treatment, since both the immune system and antibiotics are ineffective. Sonobactericide, which uses ultrasound and microbubbles, is a potential new strategy for increasing antimicrobial effectiveness or directly killing bacteria. Several studies suggest that sonobactericide can lead to bacterial dispersion or sonoporation (i.e., cell membrane permeabilization); however, real-time observations distinguishing individual bacteria during and directly after insonification are missing. Therefore, in this study, we investigated, in real-time and at high-resolution, the effects of ultrasound-induced microbubble oscillation on Staphylococcus aureus biofilms, without or with an antibiotic (oxacillin, 1 μg/mL). Biofilms were exposed to ultrasound (2 MHz, 100-400 kPa, 100-1000 cycles, every second for 30 s) during time-lapse confocal microscopy recordings of 10 min. Bacterial responses were quantified using post hoc image analysis with particle counting. Bacterial dispersion was observed as the dominant effect over sonoporation, resulting from oscillating microbubbles. Increasing pressure and cycles both led to significantly more dispersion, with the highest pressure leading to the most biofilm removal (up to 83.7%). Antibiotic presence led to more variable treatment responses, yet did not significantly impact the therapeutic efficacy of sonobactericide, suggesting synergism is not an immediate effect. These findings elucidate the direct effects induced by sonobactericide to best utilize its potential as a biofilm treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirby R. Lattwein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (I.B.); (J.J.P.K.); (M.L.-G.); (S.A.G.L.); (T.v.R.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Inés Beekers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (I.B.); (J.J.P.K.); (M.L.-G.); (S.A.G.L.); (T.v.R.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Joop J. P. Kouijzer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (I.B.); (J.J.P.K.); (M.L.-G.); (S.A.G.L.); (T.v.R.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Mariël Leon-Grooters
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (I.B.); (J.J.P.K.); (M.L.-G.); (S.A.G.L.); (T.v.R.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Simone A. G. Langeveld
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (I.B.); (J.J.P.K.); (M.L.-G.); (S.A.G.L.); (T.v.R.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Tom van Rooij
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (I.B.); (J.J.P.K.); (M.L.-G.); (S.A.G.L.); (T.v.R.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Antonius F. W. van der Steen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (I.B.); (J.J.P.K.); (M.L.-G.); (S.A.G.L.); (T.v.R.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
- Laboratory of Acoustical Wavefield Imaging, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Building 22, Room D218, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Nico de Jong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (I.B.); (J.J.P.K.); (M.L.-G.); (S.A.G.L.); (T.v.R.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
- Laboratory of Acoustical Wavefield Imaging, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Building 22, Room D218, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Willem J. B. van Wamel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Na9182, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Klazina Kooiman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (I.B.); (J.J.P.K.); (M.L.-G.); (S.A.G.L.); (T.v.R.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
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38
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Abbott C, Grout E, Morris T, Brown HL. Cutibacterium acnes biofilm forming clinical isolates modify the formation and structure of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms, increasing their susceptibility to antibiotics. Anaerobe 2022; 76:102580. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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39
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Bueris V, Sellera FP, Fuga B, Sano E, Carvalho MPN, Couto SCF, Moura Q, Lincopan N. Convergence of virulence and resistance in international clones of WHO critical priority enterobacterales isolated from Marine Bivalves. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5707. [PMID: 35383231 PMCID: PMC8983722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09598-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The global spread of critical-priority antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacterales by food is a public health problem. Wild-caught seafood are broadly consumed worldwide, but exposure to land-based pollution can favor their contamination by clinically relevant antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. As part of the Grand Challenges Explorations: New Approaches to Characterize the Global Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance Program, we performed genomic surveillance and cell culture-based virulence investigation of WHO critical priority Enterobacterales isolated from marine bivalves collected in the Atlantic Coast of South America. Broad-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates were recovered from eight distinct geographical locations. These strains harbored blaCTX-M-type or blaCMY-type genes. Most of the surveyed genomes confirmed the convergence of wide virulome and resistome (i.e., antimicrobials, heavy metals, biocides, and pesticides resistance). We identified strains belonging to the international high-risk clones K. pneumoniae ST307 and E. coli ST131 carrying important virulence genes, whereas in vitro experiments confirmed the high virulence potential of these strains. Thermolabile and thermostable toxins were identified in some strains, and all of them were biofilm producers. These data point to an alarming presence of resistance and virulence genes in marine environments, which may favor horizontal gene transfer and the spread of these traits to other bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Bueris
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Genetics, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fábio P Sellera
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Metropolitan University of Santos, Santos, Brazil.,One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Fuga
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elder Sano
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo P N Carvalho
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Quézia Moura
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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40
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Hu J, Lv X, Niu X, Yu F, Zuo J, Bao Y, Yin H, Huang C, Nawaz S, Zhou W, Jiang W, Chen Z, Tu J, Qi K, Han X. Effect of nutritional and environmental conditions on biofilm formation of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 132:4236-4251. [PMID: 35343028 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To study the effects of environmental stress and nutrient conditions on biofilm formation of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). METHODS AND RESULTS The APEC strain DE17 was used to study biofilm formation under various conditions of environmental stress (including different temperatures, pH, metal ions, and antibiotics) and nutrient conditions (LB and M9 media, with the addition of different carbohydrates, if necessary). The DE17 biofilm formation ability was strongest at 25°C in LB medium. Compared to incubation at 37°C, three biofilm-related genes (csgD, dgcC, and pfs) were significantly upregulated and two genes (flhC and flhD) were downregulated at 25°C, which resulted in decreased motility. However, biofilm formation was strongest in M9 medium supplemented with glucose at 37°C, and the number of live bacteria was the highest as determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The bacteria in the biofilm were surrounded by a thick extracellular matrix, and honeycomb-like or rough surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, biofilm formation of the DE17 strain was remarkably inhibited under acidic conditions, whereas neutral and alkaline conditions were more suitable for biofilm formation. Biofilm formation was also inhibited at specific concentrations of cations (Na+ , K+ , Ca2+ , and Mg2+ ) and antibiotics (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, and spectinomycin). The qRT-PCR showed that the transcription levels of biofilm-related genes change under different environmental conditions. CONCLUSIONS Nutritional and environmental factors played an important role in DE17 biofilm development. The transcription levels of biofilm-related genes changed under different environmental and nutrient conditions. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The findings suggest that nutritional and environmental factors play an important role in APEC biofilm development. Depending on the different conditions involved in this study, it can serve as a guide to treating biofilm-related infections and to eliminating biofilms from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Hu
- Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Control of Animal Original Zoonosis, Fujian Province, College of Life Science, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian, China.,Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaolong Lv
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiangpeng Niu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fangheng Yu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiakun Zuo
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinli Bao
- Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Control of Animal Original Zoonosis, Fujian Province, College of Life Science, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian, China
| | - Huifang Yin
- Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Control of Animal Original Zoonosis, Fujian Province, College of Life Science, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian, China
| | - Cuiqin Huang
- Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Control of Animal Original Zoonosis, Fujian Province, College of Life Science, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian, China
| | - Saqib Nawaz
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoguo Chen
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Tu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kezong Qi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiangan Han
- Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Control of Animal Original Zoonosis, Fujian Province, College of Life Science, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian, China.,Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
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41
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Polyphenols as Inhibitors of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria-Mechanisms Underlying Rutin Interference with Bacterial Virulence. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030385. [PMID: 35337182 PMCID: PMC8952364 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising incidence of antibiotic resistant microorganisms urges novel antimicrobials development with polyphenols as appealing potential therapeutics. We aimed to reveal the most promising polyphenols among hesperetin, hesperidin, naringenin, naringin, taxifolin, rutin, isoquercitrin, morin, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, and gallic acid based on antimicrobial capacity, antibiofilm potential, and lack of cytotoxicity towards HaCaT, and to further test its antivirulence mechanisms. Although the majority of studied polyphenols were able to inhibit bacterial growth and biofilm formation, the most promising activities were observed for rutin. Further investigation proved rutin’s ability to prevent/eradicate Pseudomonas aeruginosa and MRSA urinary catheter biofilms. Besides reduction of biofilm biomass, rutin antibiofilm mechanisms included reduction of cell viability, exopolysaccharide, and extracellular DNA levels. Moderate reduction of bacterial adhesion to human keratinocytes upon treatment was observed. Rutin antivirulence mechanisms included an impact on P. aeruginosa protease, pyocyanin, rhamnolipid, and elastase production and the downregulation of the lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR, pqsA and mvfR genes. Rutin also interfered with membrane permeability. Polyphenols could repress antibiotic resistant bacteria. Rutin has shown wide antimicrobial and antibiofilm capacity employing a range of mechanisms that might be used for the development of novel antimicrobials.
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Antimicrobial Resistance of Heterotrophic Bacteria in Drinking Water-Associated Biofilms. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14060944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major threats to human health and is becoming an environmental challenge for water resources too. Our study’s aim was: to assess the AMR of heterotrophic bacteria in drinking water-associated biofilms against six clinically important antibiotics; to compare the prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) in drinking water and in the associated biofilms; to estimate biofilm formation ability of selected isolates. Culture-dependent methods were used in the population-based study of the biofilms and in assessment of the single-species biofilm formation ability and the AMR phenotype of the isolated strains. The population proportion of the bacteria resistant to each tested antibiotic significantly differed in the biofilms formed in drinking water from different sampling points. In all biofilms, the abundance of tetracycline- and ampicillin-resistant bacteria was low, and of streptomycin-resistant bacteria was high. An increased proportion of the bacteria resistant to ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and streptomycin was detected in the biofilms compared to those found in the drinking water. The prevalence of ARB in the biofilms implies an impact on the drinking water quality and an assessment of the attached and the planktonic bacteria is needed to clarify the prevalence of AMR in the drinking water distribution system.
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Kiel A, Kaltschmidt BP, Asghari E, Hütten A, Kaltschmidt B, Kaltschmidt C. Bacterial Biofilm Formation on Nano-Copper Added PLA Suited for 3D Printed Face Masks. Microorganisms 2022; 10:439. [PMID: 35208893 PMCID: PMC8875673 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 Pandemic leads to an increased worldwide demand for personal protection equipment in the medical field, such as face masks. New approaches to satisfy this demand have been developed, and one example is the use of 3D printing face masks. The reusable 3D printed mask may also have a positive effect on the environment due to decreased littering. However, the microbial load on the 3D printed objects is often disregarded. Here we analyze the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli on suspected antimicrobial Plactiveâ„¢ PLA 3D printing filaments and non-antimicrobial Giantarmâ„¢ PLA. To characterize the biofilm-forming potential scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Confocal scanning electron microscopy (CLSM) and colony-forming unit assays (CFU) were performed. Attached cells could be observed on all tested 3D printing materials. Gram-negative strains P. aeruginosa and E. coli reveal a strong uniform growth independent of the tested 3D filament (for P. aeruginosa even with stressed induced growth reaction by Plactiveâ„¢). Only Gram-positive S. aureus shows strong growth reduction on Plactiveâ„¢. These results suggest that the postulated antimicrobial Plactiveâ„¢ PLA does not affect Gram-negative bacteria species. These results indicate that reusable masks, while better for our environment, may pose another health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Kiel
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (A.K.); (E.A.); (B.K.)
| | - Bernhard Peter Kaltschmidt
- Department of Thin Films and Physics of Nanostructures, Center of Spinelectronic Materials and Devices, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (B.P.K.); (A.H.)
| | - Ehsan Asghari
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (A.K.); (E.A.); (B.K.)
| | - Andreas Hütten
- Department of Thin Films and Physics of Nanostructures, Center of Spinelectronic Materials and Devices, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (B.P.K.); (A.H.)
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (A.K.); (E.A.); (B.K.)
| | - Christian Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (A.K.); (E.A.); (B.K.)
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Novel Phage Lysin Abp013 against Acinetobacter baumannii. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11020169. [PMID: 35203772 PMCID: PMC8868305 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11020169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
As antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to pose an ever-growing global health threat, propelling us into a post-antibiotic era, novel alternative therapeutic agents are urgently required. Lysins are bacteriophage-encoded peptidoglycan hydrolases that display great potential as a novel class of antimicrobials for therapeutics. While lysins against Gram-positive bacteria are highly effective when applied exogenously, it is challenging for lysins to access and cleave the peptidoglycan of Gram-negative bacteria due to their outer membrane. In this study, we identify a novel phage lysin Abp013 against Acinetobacter baumannii. Abp013 exhibited significant lytic activity against multidrug-resistant strains of A. baumannii. Notably, we found that Abp013 was able to tolerate the presence of human serum by up to 10%. Using confocal microscopy and LIVE/DEAD staining, we show that Abp013 can access and kill the bacterial cells residing in the biofilm. These results highlight the intrinsic bacteriolytic property of Abp013, suggesting the promising use of Abp013 as a novel therapeutic agent.
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Suttasattakrit K, Khamkeaw A, Tangwongsan C, Pavasant P, Phisalaphong M. Ionic Silver and Electrical Treatment for Susceptibility and Disinfection of Escherichia coli Biofilm-Contaminated Titanium Surface. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010180. [PMID: 35011409 PMCID: PMC8746777 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, surface disinfection and biofilm susceptibility were investigated by applying ionic silver of 0.4–1.6 µg/mL and cathodic voltage-controlled electrical treatment of 1.8 V and a current of 30 mA to Escherichia coli (E. coli) ATCC 25922 biofilm-contaminated titanium substrates. Herein, it is evident that the treatment exhibited the potential use to enhance the susceptibility of bacterial biofilms for surface disinfection. In vitro studies have demonstrated that the ionic silver treatment of 60 min significantly increased the logarithmic reduction (LR) of bacterial populations on disinfectant-treated substrates and the electrical treatment enhanced the silver susceptibility of E. coli biofilms. The LR values after the ionic silver treatments and the electric-enhanced silver treatments were in the ranges of 1.94–2.25 and 2.10–2.73, respectively. The treatment was also associated with morphological changes in silver-treated E. coli cells and biofilm-contaminated titanium surfaces. Nevertheless, the treatments showed no cytotoxic effects on the L929 mouse skin fibroblast cell line and only a slight decrease in pH was observed during the electrical polarization of titanium substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritphudis Suttasattakrit
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Arnon Khamkeaw
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Chanchana Tangwongsan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Prasit Pavasant
- Center of Excellence for Regenerative Dentistry, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Muenduen Phisalaphong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +662-218-6875
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Wang H, Nie X, You W, Huang W, Chen G, Gao F, Xia L, Zhang L, Wang L, Shen AZ, Wu KL, Ding SG, You YZ. Tug-of-War between Covalent Binding and Electrostatic Interaction Effectively Killing E. coli without Detectable Resistance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:56838-56849. [PMID: 34816709 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacteria has become one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality and a serious worldwide public health concern due to the fact that Gram-negative bacteria have an additional outer membrane protecting them from an unwanted compound invading. It is still very difficult for antimicrobials to reach intracellular targets and very challenging to treat Gram-negative bacteria with the current strategies. Here, we found that (o-(bromomethyl)phenyl)boronic acid was incorporated into poly((2-N,N-diethyl)aminoethyl acrylate) (PDEA), forming a copolymer (poly(o-Bn-DEA)) having both phenylboronic acid (B) and ((2-N,N-diethyl)amino) (DEA) units. Poly(o-Bn-DEA) exhibits very strong intramolecular B-N coordination, which could highly promote the covalent binding of phenylboronic acid with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the outer membrane of E. coli and lodge poly(o-Bn-DEA) on the LPS layer on the surface of E. coli. Meanwhile, the strong electrostatic interaction between poly(o-Bn-DEA) and the negatively charged lipid preferred tugging the poly(o-Bn-DEA) into the lipid bilayer of E. coli. The combating interactions between covalent binding and electrostatic interaction form a tug-of-war action, which could trigger the lysis of the outer membrane, thereby killing Gram-negative E. coli effectively without detectable resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haili Wang
- The Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xuan Nie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wei You
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Weiqiang Huang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Fan Gao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Longhai Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ai-Zong Shen
- The Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Kai-Le Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Sheng-Gang Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Ye-Zi You
- The Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Park NH, Lee SJ, Lee EB, Birhanu BT, Park SC. Colistin Induces Resistance through Biofilm Formation, via Increased phoQ Expression, in Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10111525. [PMID: 34832681 PMCID: PMC8620993 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to optimize the colistin-based antibacterial therapy to prevent antimicrobial resistance related to biofilm formation in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) in chicken. Of all the bacterial isolates (n = 136), 69 were identified as APEC by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Through a series of antibiotic susceptibility tests, susceptibility to colistin (<2 μg/mL) was confirmed in all isolates. Hence, a mutant selection window (MSW) was determined to obtain colistin-induced resistant bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of colistin against the colistin-induced resistant APEC strains ranged from 8 to 16 μg/mL. To identify the inhibitory activity of colistin against the resistant strains, the mutant prevention concentration (MPC) was investigated for 72 h, and the single and multi-dose colistin activities were determined through the time-kill curve against APEC strains. Bacterial regrowth occurred after 12 h at a double MIC50 concentration (1.00 μg/mL), and regrowth was not inhibited even during multiple exposures. However, upon exposure to 8 μg/mL—a concentration that was close to the MPC—the growth of APEC was inhibited, including in the resistant strains. Additionally, colistin-induced resistant strains showed a slower growth compared with the susceptible ones. Colistin-induced resistant APEC strains did not show colistin resistance gene (mcr-1). However, the expression of higher mgrB and phoQ levels was observed in the resistant strains. Furthermore, these strains showed increased formation of biofilm. Hence, the present study indicated that colistin could induce resistance through the increased formation of biofilm in APEC strains by enhancing the expression of phoQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Hye Park
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea;
| | - Seung-Jin Lee
- Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Korea;
| | - Eon-Bee Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Biruk Tesfaye Birhanu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.T.B.); (S.-C.P.); Tel.: +82-53-950-5964 (B.T.B. & S.-C.P.)
| | - Seung-Chun Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.T.B.); (S.-C.P.); Tel.: +82-53-950-5964 (B.T.B. & S.-C.P.)
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Vancomycin-decorated microbubbles as a theranostic agent for Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Int J Pharm 2021; 609:121154. [PMID: 34624449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are a huge burden on our healthcare systems worldwide. The lack of specificity in diagnostic and treatment possibilities result in difficult-to-treat and persistent infections. The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate if microbubbles targeted specifically to bacteria in biofilms could be used both for diagnosis as well for sonobactericide treatment and demonstrate their theranostic potential for biofilm infection management. The antibiotic vancomycin was chemically coupled to the lipid shell of microbubbles and validated using mass spectrometry and high-axial resolution 4Pi confocal microscopy. Theranostic proof-of-principle was investigated by demonstrating the specific binding of vancomycin-decorated microbubbles (vMB) to statically and flow grown Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) biofilms under increasing shear stress flow conditions (0-12 dyn/cm2), as well as confirmation of microbubble oscillation and biofilm disruption upon ultrasound exposure (2 MHz, 250 kPa, and 5,000 or 10,000 cycles) during flow shear stress of 5 dyn/cm2 using time-lapse confocal microscopy combined with the Brandaris 128 ultra-high-speed camera. Vancomycin was successfully incorporated into the microbubble lipid shell. vMB bound significantly more often than control microbubbles to biofilms, also in the presence of free vancomycin (up to 1000 µg/mL) and remained bound under increasing shear stress flow conditions (up to 12 dyn/cm2). Upon ultrasound insonification biofilm area was reduced of up to 28%, as confirmed by confocal microscopy. Our results confirm the successful production of vMB and support their potential as a new theranostic tool for S. aureus biofilm infections by allowing for specific bacterial detection and biofilm disruption.
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Balasubramanian S, Yu K, Cardenas DV, Aubin-Tam ME, Meyer AS. Emergent Biological Endurance Depends on Extracellular Matrix Composition of Three-Dimensionally Printed Escherichia coli Biofilms. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:2997-3008. [PMID: 34652130 PMCID: PMC8609572 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Biofilms are three-dimensional
(3D) bacterial communities that
exhibit a highly self-organized nature in terms of their composition
and complex architecture. Bacteria in biofilms display emergent biological
properties, such as resistance to antimicrobials and disinfectants
that the individual planktonic cells lack. Bacterial biofilms possess
specialized architectural features including unique extracellular
matrix compositions and a distinct spatially patterned arrangement
of cells and matrix components within the biofilm. It is unclear which
of these architectural elements of bacterial biofilms lead to the
development of their emergent biological properties. Here, we report
a 3D printing-based technique for studying the emergent resistance
behaviors of Escherichia coli biofilms
as a function of their architecture. Cellulose and curli are the major
extracellular-matrix components in E. coli biofilms. We show that 3D-printed biofilms expressing either curli
alone or both curli and cellulose in their extracellular matrices
show higher resistance to exposure against disinfectants than 3D prints
expressing either cellulose alone or no biofilm-matrix components.
The 3D-printed biofilms expressing cellulose and/or curli also show
thicker anaerobic zones than nonbiofilm-forming E.
coli 3D prints. Thus, the matrix composition plays
a crucial role in the emergent spatial patterning and biological endurance
of 3D-printed biofilms. In contrast, initial spatial distribution
of bacterial density or curli-producing cells does not have an effect
on biofilm resistance phenotypes. Further, these 3D-printed biofilms
could be reversibly attached to different surfaces (bacterial cellulose,
glass, and polystyrene) and display resistance to physical distortions
by retaining their shape and structure. This physical robustness highlights
their potential in applications including bioremediation, protective
coatings against pathogens on medical devices, or wastewater treatment,
among many others. This new understanding of the emergent behavior
of bacterial biofilms could aid in the development of novel engineered
living materials using synthetic biology and materials science approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikkanth Balasubramanian
- Department of Sustainable Design Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CE Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Kui Yu
- Department of Bionanoscience & Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Vasquez Cardenas
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Eve Aubin-Tam
- Department of Bionanoscience & Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Anne S. Meyer
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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Recent Strategies to Combat Infections from Biofilm-Forming Bacteria on Orthopaedic Implants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910243. [PMID: 34638591 PMCID: PMC8549706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm-related implant infections (BRII) are a disastrous complication of both elective and trauma orthopaedic surgery and occur when an implant becomes colonised by bacteria. The definitive treatment to eradicate the infections once a biofilm has established is surgical excision of the implant and thorough local debridement, but this carries a significant socioeconomic cost, the outcomes for the patient are often poor, and there is a significant risk of recurrence. Due to the large volumes of surgical procedures performed annually involving medical device implantation, both in orthopaedic surgery and healthcare in general, and with the incidence of implant-related infection being as high as 5%, interventions to prevent and treat BRII are a major focus of research. As such, innovation is progressing at a very fast pace; the aim of this study is to review the latest interventions for the prevention and treatment of BRII, with a particular focus on implant-related approaches.
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