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Vakayil R, Ramasamy S, Alahmadi TA, Almoallim HS, Natarajan N, Mathanmohun M. Boswellia serrata-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles-coated cotton fabrics for the wound healing and antibacterial applications against nosocomial pathogens. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02573-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kar B, Sharma M, Peter A, Chetia P, Neog B, Borah A, Pati S, Bhattacharya D. Prevalence and molecular characterization of β-lactamase producers and fluoroquinolone resistant clinical isolates from North East India. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:628-637. [PMID: 33848892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rapid emergence and variations of antibiotic resistance among common gram negative bacteria cause a significant concern specially in India and all over the world because of high mortality and morbidity rates. METHODS In our study, we screened 189 bacterial isolates from Assam Medical College & Hospital, Dibrugarh for antibiotic resistance pattern and tried to identify the resistant genes causing responsible for β-lactam and fluoroquinolones resistance. RESULTS More than 80% and 45% strains were resistant to all the 3rd generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones respectively. Among the 3rd generation cephalosporin resistant strains, 38% and 24% isolates were only ESBL and MBL producers respectively and 11% were reported to have both ESBL and MBL genes. The ESBL positive isolates have shown the dominance of CTX-M3 gene. VIM-1 gene was mostly reported in MBL producers. Our study probably for the first time reporting SIM-1 and SPM-1 MBL gene from India. Mutations in QRDR is found to be the primary cause of fluoroquinolone resistance along with efflux pump and PMQR presence. CONCLUSION The study represents the first detailed study on antibiotic resistance from NE India this could help to take control measures for the emerging antibiotic resistance in hospital and community based infections in North East India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipasa Kar
- Department of Bacteriology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre (Dept. of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, India.
| | - Mohan Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India.
| | - Annalisha Peter
- Department of Bacteriology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre (Dept. of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, India.
| | - Pankaj Chetia
- Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India.
| | - Bijoy Neog
- Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India.
| | - Amrit Borah
- Department of Microbiology, Assam Medical College & Hospital, Dibrugarh 786002, Assam, India.
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Department of Bacteriology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre (Dept. of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, India.
| | - Debdutta Bhattacharya
- Department of Bacteriology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre (Dept. of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, India.
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Dubey S, Maiti B, Kim SH, Sivadasan SM, Kannimuthu D, Pandey PK, Girisha SK, Mutoloki S, Chen SC, Evensen Ø, Karunasagar I, Munang'andu HM. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Edwardsiella isolates from different fish species and geographical areas in Asia: Implications for vaccine development. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2019; 42:835-850. [PMID: 30851008 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The genus Edwardsiella is one of the major causes of fish diseases globally. Herein, we examined 37 isolates from ten different fish species from India, South Korea and Taiwan to gain insight into their phenotypic and genotypic properties, of which 30 were characterized as E. tarda with phenotypic homology estimated at 85.71% based on API-20E biochemical tests. Genotyping using 16S rRNA put all isolates together with E. anguillarum, E. hoshinae, E. tarda, E. piscicida and E. ictaluri reference strains in a monophyletic group. In contrast, the gyrB phylogenetic tree clearly separated E. ictaluri, E. tarda and E. hoshinae reference strains from our isolates and put our isolates into two groups with group I being homologous with the E. anguillarum reference strain while group II was homologous with the E. piscicida reference strain. Hence, our findings point to E. piscicida and E. anguillarum as species infecting different fish species in Asia. Homology of the ompW protein suggested that strains with broad protective coverage could be identified as vaccine candidates. This study underscores the importance of combining genotyping with phenotyping for valid species classification. In addition, it accentuates the importance of phylogenetic comparison of bacterial antigens for identification of potential vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Dubey
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Biswajit Maiti
- UNESCO MIRCEN for Medical and Marine Biotechnology, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | | | - Sangeetha Madambithara Sivadasan
- Department of Fisheries Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Karnataka Veterinary Animal & Fisheries Sciences University, Mangalore, India
| | | | | | - Shivani Kallappa Girisha
- Department of Fisheries Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Karnataka Veterinary Animal & Fisheries Sciences University, Mangalore, India
| | - Stephen Mutoloki
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shih-Chu Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Øystein Evensen
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Indrani Karunasagar
- UNESCO MIRCEN for Medical and Marine Biotechnology, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Hetron Mweemba Munang'andu
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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Metabolic fingerprints of Serratia liquefaciens under simulated Martian conditions using Biolog GN2 microarrays. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15721. [PMID: 30356072 PMCID: PMC6200771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33856-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms growing at atmospheric pressures of 0.7 kPa may have a significant impact on the search for life on Mars. Data on their nutrient requirements in a simulated Martian environment are required to ascertain both the potential risk of forward contamination and the potential of past or present habitability of Mars. Serratia liquefaciens can grow at concomitant conditions of low pressure, low temperature, and anoxic atmosphere. Changes in the metabolic fingerprint of S. liquefaciens grown under varying physical conditions including diverse atmospheric pressures (0.7 kPa to 101.3 kPa), temperatures (30 °C or 0 °C), and atmospheric gas compositions (Earth or CO2) were investigated using Biolog GN2 assays. Distinct patterns for each condition were observed. Above 10 kPa S. liquefaciens performed similar to Earth-normal pressure conditions (101.3 kPa) whereas below 10 kPa shifts in metabolic patterns were observed. The differences indicated a physiological alteration in which S. liquefaciens lost its ability to metabolize the majority of the provided carbon sources at 0.7 kPa with a significant decrease in the oxidation of amino acids. By measuring the physiological responses to different carbon sources we were able to identify nutritional constraints that support cellular replication under simulated shallow Mars subsurface conditions.
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Choi JG, Kim N, Ju IG, Eo H, Lim SM, Jang SE, Kim DH, Oh MS. Oral administration of Proteus mirabilis damages dopaminergic neurons and motor functions in mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1275. [PMID: 29352191 PMCID: PMC5775305 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19646-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, studies on the relationship between gut dysbiosis and Parkinson's disease (PD) have increased, but whether a specific gut bacterium may cause PD remains unexplored. Here, we report, for the first time, that a specific gut bacterium directly induces PD symptoms and dopaminergic neuronal damage in the mouse brain. We found that the number of Enterobacteriaceae, particularly Proteus mirabilis, markedly and commonly increased in PD mouse models. Administration of P. mirabilis isolated from PD mice significantly induced motor deficits, selectively caused dopaminergic neuronal damage and inflammation in substantia nigra and striatum, and stimulated α-synuclein aggregation in the brain as well as in the colon. We found that lipopolysaccharides, a virulence factor of P. mirabilis, may be associated in these pathological changes via gut leakage and inflammatory actions. Our results suggest a role of P. mirabilis on PD pathogenesis in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Gyu Choi
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Namkwon Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - In Gyoung Ju
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoon Eo
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Min Lim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Eun Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Controlled-shed poultry farming practices in Pakistan select for antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2017; 12:24-25. [PMID: 29203411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Isolation and Characterization of Aquatic-Borne Klebsiella pneumoniae from Tropical Estuaries in Malaysia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:426. [PMID: 27092516 PMCID: PMC4847088 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13040426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen that is responsible for causing nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Despite its common presence in soil and aquatic environments, the virulence potential of K. pneumoniae isolates of environmental origin is largely unknown. Hence, in this study, K. pneumoniae isolated from the estuarine waters and sediments of the Matang mangrove estuary were screened for potential virulence characteristics: antibiotic susceptibility, morphotype on Congo red agar, biofilm formation, presence of exopolysaccharide and capsule, possession of virulence genes (fimH, magA, ugE, wabG and rmpA) and their genomic fingerprints. A total of 55 strains of K. pneumoniae were isolated from both human-distributed sites (located along Sangga Besar River) and control sites (located along Selinsing River) where less human activity was observed, indicated that K. pneumoniae is ubiquitous in the environment. However, the detection of potentially virulent strains at the downstream of Kuala Sepetang village has suggested an anthropogenic contamination source. In conclusion, the findings from this study indicate that the Matang mangrove estuary could harbor potentially pathogenic K. pneumoniae with risk to public health. More studies are required to compare the environmental K. pneumoniae strains with the community-acquired K. pneumoniae strains.
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Tominaga T, Masuda K, Sekine M. Development of a Rapid Microorganism Analysis System Based on Gene Detection : A Regional Food Factory Feasibility Study. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.61.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kilonzo-Nthenge A, Rotich E, Nahashon S. Evaluation of drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in retail poultry and beef. Poult Sci 2013; 92:1098-107. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Schuerger AC, Ulrich R, Berry BJ, Nicholson WL. Growth of Serratia liquefaciens under 7 mbar, 0°C, and CO2-enriched anoxic atmospheres. ASTROBIOLOGY 2013; 13:115-31. [PMID: 23289858 PMCID: PMC3582281 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2011.0811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-six strains of 22 bacterial species were tested for growth on trypticase soy agar (TSA) or sea-salt agar (SSA) under hypobaric, psychrophilic, and anoxic conditions applied singly or in combination. As each factor was added to multi-parameter assays, the interactive stresses decreased the numbers of strains capable of growth and, in general, reduced the vigor of the strains observed to grow. Only Serratia liquefaciens strain ATCC 27592 exhibited growth at 7 mbar, 0°C, and CO2-enriched anoxic atmospheres. To discriminate between the effects of desiccation and hypobaria, vegetative cells of Bacillus subtilis strain 168 and Escherichia coli strain K12 were grown on TSA surfaces and simultaneously in liquid Luria-Bertani (LB) broth media. Inhibition of growth under hypobaria for 168 and K12 decreased in similar ways for both TSA and LB assays as pressures were reduced from 100 to 25 mbar. Results for 168 and K12 on TSA and LB are interpreted to indicate a direct low-pressure effect on microbial growth with both species and do not support the hypothesis that desiccation alone on TSA was the cause of reduced growth at low pressures. The growth of S. liquefaciens at 7 mbar, 0°C, and CO2-enriched anoxic atmospheres was surprising since S. liquefaciens is ecologically a generalist that occurs in terrestrial plant, fish, animal, and food niches. In contrast, two extremophiles tested in the assays, Deinococcus radiodurans strain R1 and Psychrobacter cryohalolentis strain K5, failed to grow under hypobaric (25 mbar; R1 only), psychrophilic (0°C; R1 only), or anoxic (< 0.1% ppO2; both species) conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Schuerger
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida , Space Life Sciences Lab, Kennedy Space Center, Florida 32899, USA.
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Tominaga T, Sekine M, Oyaizu H. Tracing the contamination origin of coliform bacteria in two small food-processing factories. J Food Prot 2008; 71:1910-4. [PMID: 18810877 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-71.9.1910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to trace contamination sources of coliform bacteria by comparing the types of coliforms between food samples and the processing environments in two small food-processing factories (factories A and B). Fermentation tests of five sugars enabled the successful classification of 16 representative type strains into eight distinct groups. The grouping procedure was then applied to comparison of the coliform flora between food products and various locations in their processing environments. The consistency between each food and the tested locations was evaluated using the Jaccard index. The air conditioner and refrigeration room floor in factory A showed an index of 1.00, while the shaping machine in factory B showed an index of 0.98, indicating that these locations could be contamination sources. The validity of our results was confirmed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, which showed 100% matched profiles between the air conditioner and the food in factory A, and highly matched profiles between the machine and the food in factory B. This method for comparing the coliform flora between food and environments has the potential to be a reliable tracing tool for various food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Tominaga
- Saitama Industrial Technology Center North Institute, 2-133 Suehiro, Kumagaya-shi, Saitama 360-0031, Japan.
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Orji MU, Mbata TI, Kalu OU. Isolation of pathogenic bacteria from hospital staff apparel in Nigeria. Malawi Med J 2005; 17:128-30. [PMID: 27529000 PMCID: PMC3345511 DOI: 10.4314/mmj.v17i4.10896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A survey of bacteria contamination of hospital staff apparel in use in Anambra State, Nigeria, was carried out to determine the extent of contamination by clinically important bacteria. Of a total of 125 swab samples of hospital staff apparel, 72 (58%) showed bacterial contamination including 32 (70%) of 46 samples from hand gloves, 28 of 45 (62%) samples from protective gowns, and 12 of 34 (35%) samples from face-shields. The potentially pathogenic bacteria isolated were Salmonella spp, Proteus vulgaris, Shigella dysenteriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The isolation of clinically important bacteria from the apparel suggests the need for improved infection control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M U Orji
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - T I Mbata
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - O U Kalu
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
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Olsson C, Olofsson T, Ahrné S, Molin G. The Yersinia HPI is present in Serratia liquefaciens isolated from meat. Lett Appl Microbiol 2003; 37:275-80. [PMID: 12969488 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-765x.2003.01387.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the study was to screen the Enterobacteriaceae flora of meat for the presence of bacteria harbouring the Yersinia high-pathogenicity island (HPI). METHODS AND RESULTS Bacteria from 29 meat and 29 liver samples were isolated on violet-red bile glucose agar. A total of 197 isolates were screened for the presence of the irp2 gene, encoded within the HPI, by PCR. One isolate that was positive for irp2 gene was also positive for the fyuA, irp1, ybtP/ybtQ, ybtX/ybtS and int/asn tRNA genes by PCR. The presence of fyuA, irp1 and irp2 genes was confirmed by Southern hybridization. CONCLUSIONS The isolate was identified as Serratia liquefaciens by sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and by ribotyping. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first report of a Serratia harbouring the Yersinia HPI. Serratia is a frequently occurring Enterobacteriaceae genus in chill-stored meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Olsson
- Department of Food Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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MENDONCA AF, MOLINS RA, KRAFT AA, WALKER HW. Effects of Potassium Sorbate, Sodium Acetate, Phosphates and Sodium Chloride Alone or in Combination on Shelf Life of Vacuum-Packaged Pork Chops. J Food Sci 1989. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1989.tb03067.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Duszkiewicz-Reinhard W, Khan K, Funke B. Microbiological evaluation of navy bean flour and its blend with retail ground beef. Meat Sci 1988; 24:189-99. [DOI: 10.1016/0309-1740(88)90077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/1988] [Accepted: 09/05/1988] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Gaya P, Medina M, Nuñez M. Enterobacteriaceae, coliforms, faecal coliforms and salmonellas in raw ewes' milk. THE JOURNAL OF APPLIED BACTERIOLOGY 1987; 62:321-6. [PMID: 3597207 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1987.tb04927.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-nine samples of freshly drawn ewes' milk collected at 13 farms, and 120 samples of raw ewes' milk collected on arrival at a dairy were examined. Farm samples had geometric mean counts of 4.4 X 10(2) Enterobacteriaceae/ml, 3.9 X 10(2) coliforms/ml and 2.0 X 10(2) faecal coliforms/ml, whereas the respective mean counts were 6.2 X 10(3)/ml, 5.4 X 10(3)/ml and 1.3 X 10(3)/ml for dairy samples. Salmonellas were not detected by enrichment procedures in any of the 159 samples examined. Escherichia coli (47.5% strains), Enterobacter cloacae (17.7%), Ent. agglomerans (11.3%), Hafnia alvei (6.5%) and Klebsiella oxytoca (6.0%) were the predominant species in 434 Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from farm samples. Levels and species of Enterobacteriaceae found in the present work in raw ewes' milk imply a considerable risk of early blowing in cheese-making from unpasteurized milk.
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Growth studies of spoilage and pathogenic bacteria in vacuum-packed Bologna-type sausage produced with NaCl or mixed NaCl and KCl. Food Microbiol 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0740-0020(86)80038-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
The genus Klebsiella is seemingly ubiquitous in terms of its habitat associations. Klebsiella is a common opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, as well as being resident or transient flora (particularly in the gastrointestinal tract). Other habitats include sewage, drinking water, soils, surface waters, industrial effluents, and vegetation. Until recently, almost all these Klebsiella have been identified as one species, ie, K. pneumoniae. However, phenotypic and genotypic studies have shown that "K. pneumoniae" actually consists of at least four species, all with distinct characteristics and habitats. General habitat associations of Klebsiella species are as follows: K. pneumoniae--humans, animals, sewage, and polluted waters and soils; K. oxytoca--frequent association with most habitats; K. terrigena--unpolluted surface waters and soils, drinking water, and vegetation; K. planticola--sewage, polluted surface waters, soils, and vegetation; and K. ozaenae/K. rhinoscleromatis--infrequently detected (primarily with humans).
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Evaluation of the Catalase and Limulus Amoeboctye Lysate Tests for Rapid Determination of The Microbial Quality of Vacuum-Packed Cooked Turkey. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0315-5463(83)72202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
The source of Enterobacteriaceae on meats was shown to be associated with the meat-handling work surfaces in two packing plants studies. A total of 2,343 Enterobacteriaceae were isolated and identified from meat samples and work surfaces at the packing plants and at the retail facilities. Escherichia coli biotype I and Serratia liquefaciens were detected at all stages of meat handling, indicating that they may be present in meats throughout the meat-handling system. Enterobacter agglomerans and S. liquefaciens were the predominant Enterobacteriaceae at the retail level, but they had limited indicator potential for sanitation and hygiene, Klebsiella pneumoniae was a frequent isolate among Enterobacteriaceae from meats and meat-handling surfaces in the packing plants but not at the retail level, indicating that this organism might signal unhygienic handling of meats at the retail level.
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