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Bansal G, Ghanem M, Sears KT, Galen JE, Tennant SM. Genetic engineering of Salmonella spp. for novel vaccine strategies and therapeutics. EcoSal Plus 2024:eesp00042023. [PMID: 39023252 DOI: 10.1128/ecosalplus.esp-0004-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica is a diverse species that infects both humans and animals. S. enterica subspecies enterica consists of more than 1,500 serovars. Unlike typhoidal Salmonella serovars which are human host-restricted, non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars are associated with foodborne illnesses worldwide and are transmitted via the food chain. Additionally, NTS serovars can cause disease in livestock animals causing significant economic losses. Salmonella is a well-studied model organism that is easy to manipulate and evaluate in animal models of infection. Advances in genetic engineering approaches in recent years have led to the development of Salmonella vaccines for both humans and animals. In this review, we focus on current progress of recombinant live-attenuated Salmonella vaccines, their use as a source of antigens for parenteral vaccines, their use as live-vector vaccines to deliver foreign antigens, and their use as therapeutic cancer vaccines in humans. We also describe development of live-attenuated Salmonella vaccines and live-vector vaccines for use in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Bansal
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mostafa Ghanem
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Khandra T Sears
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - James E Galen
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sharon M Tennant
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Liu G, Li C, Liao S, Guo A, Wu B, Chen H. C500 variants conveying complete mucosal immunity against fatal infections of pigs with Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis C78-1 or F18+ Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1210358. [PMID: 37779705 PMCID: PMC10536267 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1210358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis (S. Choleraesuis) C500 strain is a live, attenuated vaccine strain that has been used in China for over 40 years to prevent piglet paratyphoid. However, this vaccine is limited by its toxicity and does not offer protection against diseases caused by F18+ Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), which accounts for substantial economic losses in the swine industry. We recently generated a less toxic derivative of C500 strain with both asd and crp deletion (S. Choleraesuis C520) and assessed its efficacy in mice. In addition, we demonstrate that C520 is also less toxic in pigs and is effective in protecting pigs against S. Choleraesuis when administered orally. To develop a vaccine with a broader range of protection, we prepared a variant of C520 (S. Choleraesuis C522), which expresses rSF, a fusion protein comprised of the fimbriae adhesin domain FedF and the Shiga toxin-producing IIe B domain antigen. For comparison, we also prepared a control vector strain (S. Choleraesuis C521). After oral vaccination of pigs, these strains contributed to persistent colonization of the intestinal mucosa and lymphoid tissues and elicited both cytokine expression and humoral immune responses. Furthermore, oral immunization with C522 elicited both S. Choleraesuis and rSF-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies in the sera and gut mucosa, respectively. To further evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of these strains as mucosal delivery vectors via oral vaccination, we evaluated their protective efficacy against fatal infection with S. Choleraesuis C78-1, as well as the F18+ Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli field strain Ee, which elicits acute edema disease. C521 conferred complete protection against fatal infection with C78-1; and C522 conferred complete protection against fatal infection with both C78-1 and Ee. Our results suggest that C520, C521, and C522 are competent to provide complete mucosal immune protection against fatal infection with S. Choleraesuis in swine and that C522 equally qualifies as an oral vaccine vector for protection against F18+ Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Liu
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Institute of Cross Biological Health Industry Technology, Jingzhou, China
| | - Chunqi Li
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Hubei Institute of Cross Biological Health Industry Technology, Jingzhou, China
| | - Shengrong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aizhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Ji HJ, Jang AY, Song JY, Ahn KB, Han SH, Bang SJ, Jung HK, Hur J, Seo HS. Development of Live Attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium Vaccine Strain Using Radiation Mutation Enhancement Technology (R-MET). Front Immunol 2022; 13:931052. [PMID: 35898510 PMCID: PMC9310569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.931052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica is a leading cause of food-borne diseases in humans worldwide, resulting in severe morbidity and mortality. They are carried asymptomatically in the intestine or gallbladder of livestock, and are transmitted predominantly from animals to humans via the fecal-oral route. Thus, the best preventive strategy is to preemptively prevent transmission to humans by vaccinating livestock. Live attenuated vaccines have been mostly favored because they elicit both cellular and humoral immunity and provide long-term protective immunity. However, developing these vaccines is a laborious and time-consuming process. Therefore, most live attenuated vaccines have been mainly used for phenotypic screening using the auxotrophic replica plate method, and new types of vaccines have not been sufficiently explored. In this study, we used Radiation-Mutation Enhancement Technology (R-MET) to introduce a wide variety of mutations and attenuate the virulence of Salmonella spp. to develop live vaccine strains. The Salmonella Typhimurium, ST454 strain (ST WT) was irradiated with Cobalt60 gamma-irradiator at 1.5 kGy for 1 h to maximize the mutation rate, and attenuated daughter colonies were screened using in vitro macrophage replication capacity and in vivo mouse infection assays. Among 30 candidates, ATOMSal-L6, with 9,961-fold lower virulence than the parent strain (ST454) in the mouse LD50 model, was chosen. This vaccine candidate was mutated at 71 sites, and in particular, lost one bacteriophage. As a vaccine, ATOMSal-L6 induced a Salmonella-specific IgG response to provide effective protective immunity upon intramuscular vaccination of mice. Furthermore, when mice and sows were orally immunized with ATOMSal-L6, we found a strong protective immune response, including multifunctional cellular immunity. These results indicate that ATOMSal-L6 is the first live vaccine candidate to be developed using R-MET, to the best of our knowledge. R-MET can be used as a fast and effective live vaccine development technology that can be used to develop vaccine strains against emerging or serotype-shifting pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Ji
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute (DRI), School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A-Yeung Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon Young Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki Bum Ahn
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Han
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute (DRI), School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seok Jin Bang
- Research and Development Center, HONGCHEON CTCVAC Co., Ltd., Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Ho Kyoung Jung
- Research and Development Center, HONGCHEON CTCVAC Co., Ltd., Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jin Hur, ; Ho Seong Seo,
| | - Ho Seong Seo
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
- Department of Radiation Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jin Hur, ; Ho Seong Seo,
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Zhou Z, Lundstrøm I, Tran-Dien A, Duchêne S, Alikhan NF, Sergeant MJ, Langridge G, Fotakis AK, Nair S, Stenøien HK, Hamre SS, Casjens S, Christophersen A, Quince C, Thomson NR, Weill FX, Ho SYW, Gilbert MTP, Achtman M. Pan-genome Analysis of Ancient and Modern Salmonella enterica Demonstrates Genomic Stability of the Invasive Para C Lineage for Millennia. Curr Biol 2018; 28:2420-2428.e10. [PMID: 30033331 PMCID: PMC6089836 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi C causes enteric (paratyphoid) fever in humans. Its presentation can range from asymptomatic infections of the blood stream to gastrointestinal or urinary tract infection or even a fatal septicemia [1]. Paratyphi C is very rare in Europe and North America except for occasional travelers from South and East Asia or Africa, where the disease is more common [2, 3]. However, early 20th-century observations in Eastern Europe [3, 4] suggest that Paratyphi C enteric fever may once have had a wide-ranging impact on human societies. Here, we describe a draft Paratyphi C genome (Ragna) recovered from the 800-year-old skeleton (SK152) of a young woman in Trondheim, Norway. Paratyphi C sequences were recovered from her teeth and bones, suggesting that she died of enteric fever and demonstrating that these bacteria have long caused invasive salmonellosis in Europeans. Comparative analyses against modern Salmonella genome sequences revealed that Paratyphi C is a clade within the Para C lineage, which also includes serovars Choleraesuis, Typhisuis, and Lomita. Although Paratyphi C only infects humans, Choleraesuis causes septicemia in pigs and boar [5] (and occasionally humans), and Typhisuis causes epidemic swine salmonellosis (chronic paratyphoid) in domestic pigs [2, 3]. These different host specificities likely evolved in Europe over the last ∼4,000 years since the time of their most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) and are possibly associated with the differential acquisitions of two genomic islands, SPI-6 and SPI-7. The tMRCAs of these bacterial clades coincide with the timing of pig domestication in Europe [6]. Salmonella enterica aDNA sequences were found within 800-year-old teeth and bone The invasive Para C lineage was defined from 50,000 modern S. enterica genomes The Para C lineage includes Ragna, the aDNA genome, and human and swine pathogens Only few genomic changes occurred in the Para C lineage over its 3,000-year history
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhemin Zhou
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Inge Lundstrøm
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alicia Tran-Dien
- Unité des Bactéries Pathogènes Entériques, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Sebastián Duchêne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Nabil-Fareed Alikhan
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Martin J Sergeant
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | | | - Anna K Fotakis
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Stian S Hamre
- Department of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies and Religion, University of Bergen, Post Box 7805, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Sherwood Casjens
- Pathology Department, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | | | - Christopher Quince
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | | | | | - Simon Y W Ho
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences; University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
| | - M Thomas P Gilbert
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark; NTNU University Museum, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Mark Achtman
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
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Li YA, Ji Z, Wang X, Wang S, Shi H. Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis vector delivering SaoA antigen confers protection against Streptococcus suis serotypes 2 and 7 in mice and pigs. Vet Res 2017; 48:89. [PMID: 29268787 PMCID: PMC5740921 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-017-0494-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis is one of the major pathogens that cause economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. However, current bacterins only provide limited prophylactic protection in the field. An ideal vaccine against S. suis should protect pigs against the clinical diseases caused by multiple serotypes, or at least protect against the dominant serotype in a given geographic region. A new recombinant Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis vaccine vector, rSC0011, that is based on the regulated delayed attenuation system and regulated delayed antigen synthesis system, was developed recently. In this study, an improved recombinant attenuated Salmonella Choleraesuis vector, rSC0016, was developed by incorporating a sopB mutation to ensure adequate safety and maximal immunogenicity. In the spleens of mice, rSC0016 colonized less than rSC0011. rSC0016 and rSC0011 colonized similarly in Peyer's patches of mice. The recombinant vaccine rSC0016(pS-SaoA) induced stronger cellular, humoral, and mucosal immune responses in mice and swine against SaoA, a conserved surface protein that is present in many S. suis serotypes, than did rSC0011(pS-SaoA) without sopB or rSC0018(pS-SaoA), which is an avirulent, chemically attenuated vaccine strain. rSC0016(pS-SaoA) provided 100% protection against S. suis serotype 2 in mice and pigs, and full cross-protection against SS7 in pigs. This new vaccine vector provides a foundation for the development of a universal vaccine against multiple serotypes of S. suis in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-An Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zhenying Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Shifeng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611-0880, USA
| | - Huoying Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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