1
|
Zhu Y, Zhang J, Zhang W, Mu W. Recent progress on health effects and biosynthesis of two key sialylated human milk oligosaccharides, 3'-sialyllactose and 6'-sialyllactose. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 62:108058. [PMID: 36372185 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), the third major solid component in breast milk, are recognized as the first prebiotics for health benefits in infants. Sialylated HMOs are an important type of HMOs, accounting for approximately 13% of total HMOs. 3'-Sialyllactose (3'-SL) and 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL) are two simplest sialylated HMOs. Both SLs display promising prebiotic effects, especially in promoting the proliferation of bifidobacteria and shaping the gut microbiota. SLs exhibit several health effects, including antiadhesive antimicrobial ability, antiviral activity, prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis, immunomodulatory activity, regulation of intestinal epithelial cell response, promotion of brain development, and cognition improvement. Both SLs have been approved as "Generally Recognized as Safe" by the American Food and Drug Administration and are commercially added to infant formula. The biosynthesis of SLs using enzymatic or microbial approaches has been widely studied. The enzymatic synthesis of SLs can be realized by two types of enzymes, sialidases with trans-sialidase activity and sialyltransferases. Microbial synthesis can be achieved by the multiple recombinant bacteria in one-pot reaction, which express the enzymes involved in SL synthesis pathways separately or in combination, or by metabolically engineered strains in a fermentation process. In this article, the physiological properties of 3'-SL and 6'-SL are summarized in detail and the biosynthesis of these SLs via enzymatic and microbial synthesis is comprehensively reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jiameng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liston SD, Willis LM. Racing to build a wall: glycoconjugate assembly in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2021; 68:55-65. [PMID: 33429200 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The last two years have seen major advances in understanding the structural basis of bacterial cell envelope glycoconjugate biosynthesis, including capsules, lipopolysaccharide, teichoic acid, cellulose, and peptidoglycan. The recent crystal and cryo-electron microscopy structures of proteins involved in the initial glycosyltransferase steps in the cytoplasm, the transport of large and small lipid-linked glycoconjugates across the inner membrane, the polymerization of glycans in the periplasm, and the export of molecules from the cell have shed light on the mechanisms by which cell envelope glycoconjugates are made. We discuss these recent advances and highlight remaining unanswered questions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean D Liston
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G1M1, Canada
| | - Lisa M Willis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G2T2, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G2T2, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Edmonton, AB, T6G2T2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kocev A, Melamed J, Torgov V, Danilov L, Veselovsky V, Brockhausen I. The wclY gene of Escherichia coli serotype O117 encodes an α1,4-glucosyltransferase with strict acceptor specificity but broad donor specificity. Glycobiology 2020; 30:9003-9014. [PMID: 32421169 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The O antigen of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli serotype O117 consists of repeating units with the structure [-D-GalNAcβ1-3-L-Rhaα1-4-D-Glcα1-4-D-Galβ1-3-D-GalNAcα1-4]n. A related structure is found in E. coli O107 where Glc is replaced by a GlcNAc residue. The O117 and O107 antigen biosynthesis gene clusters are homologous and reveal the presence of four putative glycosyltransferase (GT) genes, wclW, wclX, wclY and wclZ, but the enzymes have not yet been biochemically characterized. We show here that the His6-tagged WclY protein expressed in E. coli Lemo21(DE3) cells is an α1,4-Glc-transferase that transfers Glc to the Gal moiety of Galβ1-3GalNAcα-OPO3-PO3-phenoxyundecyl as a specific acceptor and that the diphosphate moiety of this acceptor is required. WclY utilized UDP-Glc, TDP-Glc, ADP-Glc, as well as UDP-GlcNAc, UDP-Gal or UDP-GalNAc as donor substrates, suggesting an unusual broad donor specificity. Activity using GDP-Man suggested the presence of a novel Man-transferase in Lemo21(DE3) cells. Mutations of WclY revealed that both Glu residues of the Ex7E motif within the predicted GT domain are essential for activity. High GlcNAc-transferase (GlcNAc-T) activities of WclY were created by mutating Arg194 to Cys. A triple mutant identical to WclY in E. coli O107 was identified as an α1,4 GlcNAc-T. The characterization of WclY opens the door for the development of antibacterial approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kocev
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 18 Stuart St., Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada
| | - Jacob Melamed
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 18 Stuart St., Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada
| | - Vladimir Torgov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow, Russia
| | - Leonid Danilov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Veselovsky
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow, Russia
| | - Inka Brockhausen
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 18 Stuart St., Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu B, Furevi A, Perepelov AV, Guo X, Cao H, Wang Q, Reeves PR, Knirel YA, Wang L, Widmalm G. Structure and genetics of Escherichia coli O antigens. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2020; 44:655-683. [PMID: 31778182 PMCID: PMC7685785 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuz028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli includes clonal groups of both commensal and pathogenic strains, with some of the latter causing serious infectious diseases. O antigen variation is current standard in defining strains for taxonomy and epidemiology, providing the basis for many serotyping schemes for Gram-negative bacteria. This review covers the diversity in E. coli O antigen structures and gene clusters, and the genetic basis for the structural diversity. Of the 187 formally defined O antigens, six (O31, O47, O67, O72, O94 and O122) have since been removed and three (O34, O89 and O144) strains do not produce any O antigen. Therefore, structures are presented for 176 of the 181 E. coli O antigens, some of which include subgroups. Most (93%) of these O antigens are synthesized via the Wzx/Wzy pathway, 11 via the ABC transporter pathway, with O20, O57 and O60 still uncharacterized due to failure to find their O antigen gene clusters. Biosynthetic pathways are given for 38 of the 49 sugars found in E. coli O antigens, and several pairs or groups of the E. coli antigens that have related structures show close relationships of the O antigen gene clusters within clades, thereby highlighting the genetic basis of the evolution of diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjing 300457, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Axel Furevi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrei V Perepelov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect, 47, Moscow, Russia
| | - Xi Guo
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjing 300457, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Hengchun Cao
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjing 300457, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Quan Wang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjing 300457, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Peter R Reeves
- School of Molecular and Microbial Bioscience, University of Sydney, 2 Butilin Ave, Darlington NSW 2008, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect, 47, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lei Wang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjing 300457, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Göran Widmalm
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bacterial sialyltransferases and their use in biocatalytic cascades for sialo-oligosaccharide production. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 44:107613. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
6
|
Kocev A, Melamed J, Wang S, Kong X, Vlahakis JZ, Xu Y, Szarek WA, Brockhausen I. Inhibition of bacterial growth and galactosyltransferase activity of WbwC by α, ω-bis(3-alkyl-1H-imidazolium)alkane salts: Effect of varying carbon content. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115494. [PMID: 32312486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of compounds was designed and synthesized having two imidazolium rings separated by a polymethylene spacer and having alkyl substituents on each of the imidazolium rings. The compounds were assayed for their effects on the activity of galactosyltransferase WbwC, and also on the growth of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, as well as human cells. The inhibition observed on enzyme activities and cell growth was dependent on the total number of carbons in the spacer and the alkyl substituents on the imidazolium rings. These readily synthesized, achiral compounds have potential as antimicrobial and antiseptic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kocev
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Jacob Melamed
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Xianqi Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Jason Z Vlahakis
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Yaozu Xu
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Walter A Szarek
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Inka Brockhausen
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Janesch B, Saxena H, Sim L, Wakarchuk WW. Comparison of α2,6-sialyltransferases for sialylation of therapeutic proteins. Glycobiology 2019; 29:735-747. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe development of therapeutic proteins for the treatment of numerous diseases is one of the fastest growing areas of biotechnology. Therapeutic efficacy and serum half-life are particularly important, and these properties rely heavily on the glycosylation state of the protein. Expression systems to produce authentically fully glycosylated therapeutic proteins with appropriate terminal sialic acids are not yet perfected. The in vitro modification of therapeutic proteins by recombinant sialyltransferases offers a promising and elegant strategy to overcome this problem. Thus, the detailed expression and characterization of sialyltransferases for completion of the glycan chains is of great interest to the community. We identified a novel α2,6-sialyltransferase from Helicobacter cetorum and compared it to the human ST6Gal1 and a Photobacterium sp. sialyltransferase using glycoprotein substrates in a 96-well microtiter-plate-based assay. We demonstrated that the recombinant α2,6-sialyltransferase from H. cetorum is an excellent catalyst for modification of N-linked glycans of different therapeutic proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Janesch
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, NanoGlycobiology Unit, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Muthgasse 11, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hirak Saxena
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Lyann Sim
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Michael Smith Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z1, Canada
| | - Warren W Wakarchuk
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Synthesis of Phenoxyundecyl Diphosphate Disaccharides for Studies of the Biosynthesis of O Antigenic Polysaccharides in Enteric Bacteria. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1954:161-174. [PMID: 30864131 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9154-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of O antigenic polysaccharides in enteric bacteria from nucleoside diphosphate sugars (donor substrates) is catalyzed by the corresponding glycosyltransferases and proceeds through the intermediate formation of undecaprenyl diphosphate sugars (acceptor substrates). To study this process, a chemical synthesis of the compounds having the natural structure or their modified analogs is necessary. The phosphoroimidazolidate method is a universal method for synthesis of lipid diphosphate disaccharides containing 2-acetamido-2-deoxyglycosyl residue at the reducing end of the disaccharide moiety and 11-phenoxyundecyl residue as lipid fragment of the molecule. We report here protocols to synthesize the disaccharides P1-(11-phenoxyundecyl)-P2-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-α-D-rhamnopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl) diphosphate [D-Rha(α1-3)-D-GlcNAcα-PP-PhU, Compound 1] and P1-(11-phenoxyundecyl)-P2-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-α-D-galactopyranosyl) diphosphate [D-Gal(β1-3)-D-GalNAcα-PP-PhU, Compound 6]. We describe the procedures for identification and structure estimation of compounds by TLC, NMR, and MS. We also include the biochemical testing of Compound 6 with α2,3-sialyltransferase WbwA from Escherichia coli O104.
Collapse
|
9
|
Brockhausen I, Czuchry D. Enzymatic Synthesis of Repeating Unit Oligosaccharides of Escherichia coli O104. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1954:187-202. [PMID: 30864133 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9154-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli serotype O104:H4 (ECO104) is a potent intestinal pathogen that causes severe bloody diarrhea and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. The O antigenic polysaccharides of ECO104 consist of repeating units with the structure [4Galα1-4Neu5,7,9Ac3α2-3Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-]n. These repeating units are assembled sequentially by specific glycosyltransferases on a diphosphate-undecaprenol intermediate. Internal structures include mimics of the human T and sialyl-T antigen. This protocol describes the in vitro synthesis of the repeating unit by β1,3-Gal-transferase WbwC, α2,3-sialyltransferase WbwA, and α1,4-Gal-transferase WbwB. All of these enzymes require acceptor substrates based on GalNAc-diphosphate-lipid. These methods are applicable for the assembly of bacterial polysaccharides of gram-negative bacteria that require sugar-diphosphate intermediates and are a basis for vaccine synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inka Brockhausen
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| | - Diana Czuchry
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wen L, Edmunds G, Gibbons C, Zhang J, Gadi MR, Zhu H, Fang J, Liu X, Kong Y, Wang PG. Toward Automated Enzymatic Synthesis of Oligosaccharides. Chem Rev 2018; 118:8151-8187. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Wen
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Garrett Edmunds
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Christopher Gibbons
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Jiabin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Madhusudhan Reddy Gadi
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Hailiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Junqiang Fang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xianwei Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yun Kong
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Peng George Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Torgov V, Danilov L, Utkina N, Veselovsky V, Brockhausen I. Synthesis of P 1-(11-phenoxyundecyl)-P 2-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-α-D-rhamnopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl) diphosphate and P 1-(11-phenoxyundecyl)-P 2-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-α-D-galactopyranosyl) diphosphate for the investigation of biosynthesis of O-antigenic polysaccharides in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli O104. Carbohydr Res 2017; 453-454:19-25. [PMID: 29107815 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Two new phenoxyundecyl diphosphate sugars were synthesized for the first time: P1-(11-phenoxyundecyl)-P2- (2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-α-D-rhamnopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl) diphosphate and P1-(11-phenoxyundecyl)-P2-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-α-D-galactopyranosyl) diphosphate to study the third step of biosynthesis of the repeating units of O-antigenic polysaccharides in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E.coli O104 respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Torgov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Leonid Danilov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Utkina
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vladimir Veselovsky
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Inka Brockhausen
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Identification and biochemical characterization of WbwB, a novel UDP-Gal: Neu5Ac-R α1,4-galactosyltransferase from the intestinal pathogen Escherichia coli serotype O104. Glycoconj J 2017; 35:65-76. [PMID: 29063990 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-017-9799-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal pathogen Escherichia coli serotype O104:H4 (ECO104) can cause bloody diarrhea and haemolytic uremic syndrome. The ECO104 O antigen has the unique repeating unit structure [4Galα1-4Neu5,7,9Ac3α2-3Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-], which includes the mammalian sialyl-T antigen as an internal structure. Previously, we identified WbwC from ECO104 as the β3Gal-transferase that synthesizes the T antigen, and showed that α3-sialyl-transferase WbwA transfers sialic acid to the T antigen. Here we identify the wbwB gene product as a unique α1,4-Gal-transferase WbwB that transfers Gal from UDP-Gal to the terminal sialic acid residue of Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAcα-diphosphate-lipid acceptor. NMR analysis of the WbwB enzyme reaction product indicated that Galα1-4Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAcα-diphosphate-lipid was synthesized. WbwB from ECO104 has a unique acceptor specificity for terminal sialic acid as well as the diphosphate group in the acceptor. The characterization studies showed that WbwB does not require divalent metal ion as a cofactor. Mutagenesis identified Lys243 within an RKR motif and both Glu315 and Glu323 of the fourth EX7E motif as essential for the activity. WbwB is the final glycosyltransferase in the biosynthesis pathway of the ECO104 antigen repeating unit. This work contributes to knowledge of the biosynthesis of bacterial virulence factors.
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen C, Hou X, Utkina N, Danilov L, Zhou D, Torgov V, Veselovsky V, Liu B, Feng L. Identification and biochemical characterization of a novel α-1,3-mannosyltransferase WfcD from Escherichia coli O141. Carbohydr Res 2017; 443-444:78-86. [PMID: 28402841 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glycosyltransferases (GTs) catalyze the formation of regio- and stereospecific glycosidic linkages between specific sugar donors and recipients. In this study, the function of the wfcD gene from the Escherichia coli O141 O-antigen gene cluster encoding an α-1,3-mannosyltransferase that catalyzed the formation of the linkage Man(α1-3)-GlcNAc was biochemically characterized. WfcD was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3), and the enzymatic product was identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), collision-induced dissociation electrospray ionization ion trap multiple tandem MS (CID-ESI-IT-MSn) and glycosidase digestion using the donor substrate GDP-Man and the synthetic acceptor substrate decyl diphosphate 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose (GlcNAc-PP-De). The kinetic and physiochemical properties and the substrate specificity of WfcD were investigated. WfcD is the first characterized bacterial mannosyltransferase that acts on the Man(α1-3)-GlcNAc linkage. This study enhances our knowledge of the diverse functions of GTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Xi Hou
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Natalia Utkina
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Leonid Danilov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dawei Zhou
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Vladimir Torgov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Veselovsky
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Bin Liu
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Lu Feng
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, 23 Hongda Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
A systematic analysis of acceptor specificity and reaction kinetics of five human α(2,3)sialyltransferases: Product inhibition studies illustrate reaction mechanism for ST3Gal-I. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 469:606-12. [PMID: 26692484 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.11.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sialyltransferases (STs) catalyze the addition of sialic acids to the non-reducing ends of glycoproteins and glycolipids. In this work, we examined the acceptor specificity of five human α(2,3)sialyltransferases, namely ST3Gal -I, -II, -III, -IV and -VI. KM values for each of these enzymes is presented using radioactivity for acceptors containing Type-I (Galβ1,3GlcNAc), Type-II (Galβ1,4GlcNAc), Type-III (Galβ1,3GalNAc) and Core-2 (Galβ1,3(GlcNAcβ1,6)GalNAc) reactive groups. Several variants of acceptors inhibited ST3Gal activity emphasizing structural role of acceptor in enzyme-catalyzed reactions. In some cases, mass spectrometry was performed for structural verification. The results demonstrate human ST3Gal-I catalysis towards Type-III and Core-2 acceptors with KM = 5-50 μM and high VMax values. The KM for ST3Gal-I and ST3Gal-II was 100 and 30-fold lower, respectively, for Type-III compared to Type-I acceptors. Variants of Type-I and Type-II structures characterized ST3Gal-III, -IV and -VI for their catalytic specificity. This manuscript also estimates KM for human ST3Gal-VI using Type-I and Type-II substrates. Together, these findings built a platform for designing inhibitors of STs having therapeutic potential.
Collapse
|