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Blasco L, de Aledo MG, Ortiz-Cartagena C, Blériot I, Pacios O, López M, Fernández-García L, Barrio-Pujante A, Hernández-Garcia M, Cantón R, Tomás M. Study of 32 new phage tail-like bacteriocins (pyocins) from a clinical collection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and of their potential use as typing markers and antimicrobial agents. Sci Rep 2023; 13:117. [PMID: 36596850 PMCID: PMC9810705 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phage tail-like bacteriocins (PTLBs) are large proteomic structures similar to the tail phages. These structures function in bacterial competition by making pores in the membrane of their competitors. The PTLBs identified in Pseudomonas aeruginosa are known as R-type and F-type pyocins, which have a narrow spectrum of action. Their specificity is determined by the tail fiber and is closely related to the lipopolysaccharide type of the target competitor strain. In this study, the genome sequences of 32 clinical of P. aeruginosa clinical isolates were analysed to investigate the presence of R-type and F-type pyocins, and one was detected in all strains tested. The pyocins were classified into 4 groups on the basis of the tail fiber and also the homology, phylogeny and structure of the cluster components. A relationship was established between these groups and the sequence type and serotype of the strain of origin and finally the killing spectrum of the representative pyocins was determined showing a variable range of activity between 0 and 37.5%. The findings showed that these pyocins could potentially be used for typing of P. aeruginosa clinical isolates, on the basis of their genomic sequence and cluster structure, and also as antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Blasco
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535Microbiología Traslacional y Multidisciplinar (MicroTM)-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (INIBIC), Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidad de A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain ,Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) the Behalf of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel González de Aledo
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535Microbiología Traslacional y Multidisciplinar (MicroTM)-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (INIBIC), Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidad de A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain ,Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) the Behalf of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Concha Ortiz-Cartagena
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535Microbiología Traslacional y Multidisciplinar (MicroTM)-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (INIBIC), Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidad de A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain ,Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) the Behalf of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Blériot
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535Microbiología Traslacional y Multidisciplinar (MicroTM)-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (INIBIC), Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidad de A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain ,Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) the Behalf of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Pacios
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535Microbiología Traslacional y Multidisciplinar (MicroTM)-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (INIBIC), Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidad de A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain ,Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) the Behalf of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María López
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535Microbiología Traslacional y Multidisciplinar (MicroTM)-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (INIBIC), Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidad de A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain ,Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) the Behalf of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Fernández-García
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535Microbiología Traslacional y Multidisciplinar (MicroTM)-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (INIBIC), Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidad de A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain ,Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) the Behalf of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Barrio-Pujante
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535Microbiología Traslacional y Multidisciplinar (MicroTM)-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (INIBIC), Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidad de A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain ,Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) the Behalf of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Hernández-Garcia
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) the Behalf of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain ,Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Cantón
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) the Behalf of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain ,Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Tomás
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535Microbiología Traslacional y Multidisciplinar (MicroTM)-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (INIBIC), Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidad de A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain ,Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA) the Behalf of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid, Spain
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Yang Y, Xu B, Haverstick J, Ibtehaz N, Muszyński A, Chen X, Chowdhury MEH, Zughaier SM, Zhao Y. Differentiation and classification of bacterial endotoxins based on surface enhanced Raman scattering and advanced machine learning. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:8806-8817. [PMID: 35686584 PMCID: PMC9575096 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01277d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial endotoxin, a major component of the Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane leaflet, is a lipopolysaccharide shed from bacteria during their growth and infection and can be utilized as a biomarker for bacterial detection. Here, the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of eleven bacterial endotoxins with an average detection amount of 8.75 pg per measurement have been obtained based on silver nanorod array substrates, and the characteristic SERS peaks have been identified. With appropriate spectral pre-processing procedures, different classical machine learning algorithms, including support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, random forest, etc., and a modified deep learning algorithm, RamanNet, have been applied to differentiate and classify these endotoxins. It has been found that most conventional machine learning algorithms can attain a differentiation accuracy of >99%, while RamanNet can achieve 100% accuracy. Such an approach has the potential for precise classification of endotoxins and could be used for rapid medical diagnoses and therapeutic decisions for pathogenic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Yang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Beibei Xu
- Department of Statistics, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - James Haverstick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Nabil Ibtehaz
- Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Artur Muszyński
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Xianyan Chen
- Department of Statistics, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Muhammad E H Chowdhury
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, PO. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Susu M Zughaier
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Yiping Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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O-Specific Antigen-Dependent Surface Hydrophobicity Mediates Aggregate Assembly Type in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. mBio 2021; 12:e0086021. [PMID: 34372703 PMCID: PMC8406328 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00860-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria live in spatially organized aggregates during chronic infections, where they adapt to the host environment, evade immune responses, and resist therapeutic interventions. Although it is known that environmental factors such as polymers influence bacterial aggregation, it is not clear how bacterial adaptation during chronic infection impacts the formation and spatial organization of aggregates in the presence of polymers. Here, we show that in an in vitro model of cystic fibrosis (CF) containing the polymers extracellular DNA (eDNA) and mucin, O-specific antigen is a major factor determining the formation of two distinct aggregate assembly types of Pseudomonas aeruginosa due to alterations in cell surface hydrophobicity. Our findings suggest that during chronic infection, the interplay between cell surface properties and polymers in the environment may influence the formation and structure of bacterial aggregates, which would shed new light on the fitness costs and benefits of O-antigen production in environments such as CF lungs.
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Heterogenous Susceptibility to R-Pyocins in Populations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Sourced from Cystic Fibrosis Lungs. mBio 2021; 12:mBio.00458-21. [PMID: 33947755 PMCID: PMC8262887 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00458-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriocins are proteinaceous antimicrobials produced by bacteria that are active against other strains of the same species. R-type pyocins are phage tail-like bacteriocins produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Due to their antipseudomonal activity, R-pyocins have potential as therapeutics in infection. P. aeruginosa is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen and is particularly problematic for individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). P. aeruginosa organisms from CF lung infections develop increasing resistance to antibiotics, making new treatment approaches essential. P. aeruginosa populations become phenotypically and genotypically diverse during infection; however, little is known of the efficacy of R-pyocins against heterogeneous populations. R-pyocins vary by subtype (R1 to R5), distinguished by binding to different residues on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Each type varies in killing spectrum, and each strain produces only one R-type. To evaluate the prevalence of different R-types, we screened P. aeruginosa strains from the International Pseudomonas Consortium Database (IPCD) and from our biobank of CF strains. We found that (i) R1-types were the most prevalent R-type among strains from respiratory sources, (ii) a large number of strains lack R-pyocin genes, and (iii) isolates collected from the same patient have the same R-type. We then assessed the impact of intrastrain diversity on R-pyocin susceptibility and found a heterogenous response to R-pyocins within populations, likely due to differences in the LPS core. Our work reveals that heterogeneous populations of microbes exhibit variable susceptibility to R-pyocins and highlights that there is likely heterogeneity in response to other types of LPS-binding antimicrobials, including phage.IMPORTANCE R-pyocins have potential as alternative therapeutics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in chronic infection; however, little is known about the efficacy of R-pyocins in heterogeneous bacterial populations. P. aeruginosa is known to become resistant to multiple antibiotics and to evolve phenotypic and genotypic diversity over time; thus, it is particularly difficult to eradicate in chronic cystic fibrosis (CF) lung infections. In this study, we found that P. aeruginosa populations from CF lungs maintain the same R-pyocin genotype but exhibit heterogeneity in susceptibility to R-pyocins from other strains. Our findings suggest there is heterogeneity in response to other types of LPS-binding antimicrobials, such as phage, highlighting the necessity of further studying the potential of LPS-binding antimicrobial particles as alternative therapies in chronic infections.
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Wolter DJ, Scott A, Armbruster CR, Whittington D, Edgar JS, Qin X, Buccat AM, McNamara S, Blackledge M, Waalkes A, Salipante SJ, Ernst RK, Hoffman LR. Repeated isolation of an antibiotic-dependent and temperature-sensitive mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from a cystic fibrosis patient. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 76:616-625. [PMID: 33259594 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkaa482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacteria adapt to survive and grow in different environments. Genetic mutations that promote bacterial survival under harsh conditions can also restrict growth. The causes and consequences of these adaptations have important implications for diagnosis, pathogenesis, and therapy. OBJECTIVES We describe the isolation and characterization of an antibiotic-dependent, temperature-sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutant chronically infecting the respiratory tract of a cystic fibrosis (CF) patient, underscoring the clinical challenges bacterial adaptations can present. METHODS Respiratory samples collected from a CF patient during routine care were cultured for standard pathogens. P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from samples were analysed for in vitro growth characteristics, antibiotic susceptibility, clonality, and membrane phospholipid and lipid A composition. Genetic mutations were identified by whole genome sequencing. RESULTS P. aeruginosa isolates collected over 5 years from respiratory samples of a CF patient frequently harboured a mutation in phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (psd), encoding an enzyme responsible for phospholipid synthesis. This mutant could only grow at 37°C when in the presence of supplemented magnesium, glycerol, or, surprisingly, the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole, which the source patient had repeatedly received. Of concern, this mutant was not detectable on standard selective medium at 37°C. This growth defect correlated with alterations in membrane phospholipid and lipid A content. CONCLUSIONS A P. aeruginosa mutant chronically infecting a CF patient exhibited dependence on sulphonamides and would likely evade detection using standard clinical laboratory methods. The diagnostic and therapeutic challenges presented by this mutant highlight the complex interplay between bacterial adaptation, antibiotics, and laboratory practices, during chronic bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Wolter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alison Scott
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Dale Whittington
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John S Edgar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xuan Qin
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Adam Waalkes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen J Salipante
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert K Ernst
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lucas R Hoffman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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6
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Abstract
Detection of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa, characterized by the overproduction of alginate, is correlated with the establishment of a chronic pulmonary infection and disease progression in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). In addition to the overproduction of alginate, loss of O antigen lipopolysaccharide production is also selected for in chronic infection isolates. In this study, we have identified the regulatory network that inversely regulates O antigen and alginate production. Understanding the regulation of these chronic phenotypes will elucidate mechanisms that are important for the establishment of a long-term P. aeruginosa lung infection and ultimately provide an opportunity for intervention. Preventing P. aeruginosa from chronically adapting to the CF lung environment could provide a better outcome for people who are infected. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes chronic lung infections in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Chronic P. aeruginosa isolates generally do not express O antigen and often have a mucoid phenotype, which is characterized by the overproduction of the exopolysaccharide alginate. Therefore, O antigen expression and the mucoid phenotype may be coordinately regulated upon chronic adaption to the CF lung. Here we demonstrate that PDO300, a mucoid strain derived from the nonmucoid laboratory isolate PAO1, does not produce very long O antigen due to decreased expression of Wzz2, the very long O antigen chain length control protein, and that mucoid clinical isolates express reduced levels of Wzz2 compared to nonmucoid isolates. Further, we show that forcing the expression of very long O antigen by PDO300, by providing wzz2 in trans, does not alter alginate production, suggesting that sugar precursors are not limited between the two biosynthesis pathways. Moreover, we confirm that AmrZ, a transcription factor highly expressed in mucoid strains, is a negative regulator of wzz2 promoter activity and very long O antigen expression. These experiments identify the first transcriptional regulator of O antigen chain length in P. aeruginosa and support a model where transition to a chronic mucoid phenotype is correlated with downregulation of very long O antigen through decreased Wzz2 production.
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Environmental Pseudomonads Inhibit Cystic Fibrosis Patient-Derived Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 83:AEM.02701-16. [PMID: 27881418 PMCID: PMC5203635 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02701-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen which is evolving resistance to many currently used antibiotics. While much research has been devoted to the roles of pathogenic P. aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, less is known of its ecological properties. P. aeruginosa dominates the lungs during chronic infection in CF patients, yet its abundance in some environments is less than that of other diverse groups of pseudomonads. Here, we sought to determine if clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa are vulnerable to environmental pseudomonads that dominate soil and water habitats in one-to-one competitions which may provide a source of inhibitory factors. We isolated a total of 330 pseudomonads from diverse habitats of soil and freshwater ecosystems and competed these strains against one another to determine their capacity for antagonistic activity. Over 900 individual inhibitory events were observed. Extending the analysis to P. aeruginosa isolates revealed that clinical isolates, including ones with increased alginate production, were susceptible to competition by multiple environmental strains. We performed transposon mutagenesis on one isolate and identified an ∼14.8-kb locus involved in antagonistic activity. Only two other environmental isolates were observed to carry the locus, suggesting the presence of additional unique compounds or interactions among other isolates involved in outcompeting P. aeruginosa. This collection of strains represents a source of compounds that are active against multiple pathogenic strains. With the evolution of resistance of P. aeruginosa to currently used antibiotics, these environmental strains provide opportunities for novel compound discovery against drug-resistant clinical strains. IMPORTANCE We demonstrate that clinical CF-derived isolates of P. aeruginosa are susceptible to competition in the presence of environmental pseudomonads. We observed that many diverse environmental strains exhibited varied antagonistic profiles against a panel of clinical P. aeruginosa isolates, suggesting the presence of distinct mechanisms of inhibition among these ecological strains. Understanding the properties of these antagonistic events offers the potential for discoveries of antimicrobial compounds or metabolic pathways important to the development of novel treatments for P. aeruginosa infections.
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8
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Steenackers HP, Parijs I, Dubey A, Foster KR, Vanderleyden J. Experimental evolution in biofilm populations. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2016; 40:373-97. [PMID: 26895713 PMCID: PMC4852284 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuw002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are a major form of microbial life in which cells form dense surface associated communities that can persist for many generations. The long-life of biofilm communities means that they can be strongly shaped by evolutionary processes. Here, we review the experimental study of evolution in biofilm communities. We first provide an overview of the different experimental models used to study biofilm evolution and their associated advantages and disadvantages. We then illustrate the vast amount of diversification observed during biofilm evolution, and we discuss (i) potential ecological and evolutionary processes behind the observed diversification, (ii) recent insights into the genetics of adaptive diversification, (iii) the striking degree of parallelism between evolution experiments and real-life biofilms and (iv) potential consequences of diversification. In the second part, we discuss the insights provided by evolution experiments in how biofilm growth and structure can promote cooperative phenotypes. Overall, our analysis points to an important role of biofilm diversification and cooperation in bacterial survival and productivity. Deeper understanding of both processes is of key importance to design improved antimicrobial strategies and diagnostic techniques. This review paper provides an overview of (i) the different experimental models used to study biofilm evolution, (ii) the vast amount of diversification observed during biofilm evolution (including potential causes and consequences) and (iii) recent insights in how growth in biofilms can lead to the evolution of cooperative phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans P Steenackers
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Ilse Parijs
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | | | - Kevin R Foster
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK Oxford Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Jozef Vanderleyden
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
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Korneev KV, Arbatsky NP, Molinaro A, Palmigiano A, Shaikhutdinova RZ, Shneider MM, Pier GB, Kondakova AN, Sviriaeva EN, Sturiale L, Garozzo D, Kruglov AA, Nedospasov SA, Drutskaya MS, Knirel YA, Kuprash DV. Structural Relationship of the Lipid A Acyl Groups to Activation of Murine Toll-Like Receptor 4 by Lipopolysaccharides from Pathogenic Strains of Burkholderia mallei, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Front Immunol 2015; 6:595. [PMID: 26635809 PMCID: PMC4655328 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is required for activation of innate immunity upon recognition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria. The ability of TLR4 to respond to a particular LPS species is important since insufficient activation may not prevent bacterial growth while excessive immune reaction may lead to immunopathology associated with sepsis. Here, we investigated the biological activity of LPS from Burkholderia mallei that causes glanders, and from the two well-known opportunistic pathogens Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (causative agents of nosocomial infections). For each bacterial strain, R-form LPS preparations were purified by hydrophobic chromatography and the chemical structure of lipid A, an LPS structural component, was elucidated by HR-MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The biological activity of LPS samples was evaluated by their ability to induce production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF, by bone marrow-derived macrophages. Our results demonstrate direct correlation between the biological activity of LPS from these pathogenic bacteria and the extent of their lipid A acylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V Korneev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia ; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russia
| | - Nikolay P Arbatsky
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università di Napoli Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Angelo Palmigiano
- CNR Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials , Catania , Italy
| | | | - Mikhail M Shneider
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia
| | - Gerald B Pier
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA
| | - Anna N Kondakova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia
| | - Ekaterina N Sviriaeva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia ; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russia
| | - Luisa Sturiale
- CNR Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials , Catania , Italy
| | - Domenico Garozzo
- CNR Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials , Catania , Italy
| | - Andrey A Kruglov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia ; Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russia
| | - Sergei A Nedospasov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia ; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russia ; Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russia
| | - Marina S Drutskaya
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia
| | - Dmitry V Kuprash
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia ; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russia
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10
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Cahill BK, Seeley KW, Gutel D, Ellis TN. Klebsiella pneumoniae O antigen loss alters the outer membrane protein composition and the selective packaging of proteins into secreted outer membrane vesicles. Microbiol Res 2015; 180:1-10. [PMID: 26505306 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a nosocomial pathogen which naturally secretes lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cell envelope associated proteins into the environment through the production of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). The loss of the LPS O antigen has been demonstrated in other bacterial species to significantly alter the composition of OMVs. Therefore, this study aimed to comprehensively analyze the impact of O antigen loss on the sub-proteomes of both the outer membrane and secreted OMVs from K. pneumoniae. As determined by LC-MS/MS, OMVs were highly enriched with outer membrane proteins involved in cell wall, membrane, and envelope biogenesis as compared to the source cellular outer membrane. Deletion of wbbO, the enzyme responsible for O antigen attachment to LPS, decreased but did not eliminate this enrichment effect. Additionally, loss of O antigen resulted in OMVs with increased numbers of proteins involved in post-translational modification, protein turnover, and chaperones as compared to secreted vesicles from the wild type. This alteration of OMV composition may be a compensatory mechanism to deal with envelope stress. This comprehensive analysis confirms the highly distinct protein composition of OMVs as compared to their source membrane, and provides evidence for a selective sorting mechanism that involves LPS polysaccharides. These data support the hypothesis that modifications to LPS alters both the mechanics of protein sorting and the contents of secreted OMVs and significantly impacts the protein composition of the outer membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethaney K Cahill
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Kent W Seeley
- Center for Drug Discovery and Innovation, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Dedra Gutel
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Terri N Ellis
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States.
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11
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Kumar L, Chhibber S, Harjai K. Zingerone suppresses liver inflammation induced by antibiotic mediated endotoxemia through down regulating hepatic mRNA expression of inflammatory markers in Pseudomonas aeruginosa peritonitis mouse model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106536. [PMID: 25184525 PMCID: PMC4159778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic-induced endotoxin release is associated with high mortality rate even when appropriate antibiotics are used for the treatment of severe infections in intensive care units. Since liver is involved in systemic clearance and detoxification of endotoxin hence it becomes a primary target organ for endotoxin mediated inflammation. Currently available anti-inflammatory drugs give rise to serious side effects. Hence, there is an urgent need for safe and effective anti-inflammatory therapy. It is likely that anti-inflammatory phytochemicals and neutraceutical agents may have the potential to reduce the endotoxin mediated inflammation and complications associated with endotoxin release. Keeping this in mind, the present study was planned to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of zingerone (active compound of zingiber officinale) against liver inflammation induced by antibiotic mediated endotoxemia. The selected antibiotics capable of releasing high content of endotoxin were employed for their in vivo efficacy in P.aeruginosa peritonitis model. Released endotoxin induced inflammation and zingerone as co-anti-inflammatory therapy significantly reduced inflammatory response. Improved liver histology and reduced inflammatory markers MDA, RNI, MPO, tissue damage markers (AST, ALT, ALP) and inflammatory cytokines (MIP-2, IL-6 and TNF-α) were indicative of therapeutic potential of zingerone. The mechanism of action of zingerone may be related to significant inhibition of the mRNA expression of inflammatory markers (TLR4, RelA, NF-kB2, TNF- α, iNOS, COX-2) indicating that zingerone interferes with cell signalling pathway and suppresses hyper expression of cell signaling molecules of inflammatory pathway. Zingerone therapy significantly protected liver from endotoxin induced inflammatory damage by down regulating biochemical as well as molecular markers of inflammation. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that zingerone is a potent anti-inflammatory phytomedicine against hepatic inflammation induced by antibiotic mediated endotoxemia. These results thus suggest that zingerone treatment can be used as a co-therapy with antibiotics to reduced endotoxin induced inflammation during treatment of severe P.aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokender Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, BMS Block, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjay Chhibber
- Department of Microbiology, BMS Block, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kusum Harjai
- Department of Microbiology, BMS Block, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- * E-mail:
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Penterman J, Nguyen D, Anderson E, Staudinger BJ, Greenberg EP, Lam JS, Singh PK. Rapid evolution of culture-impaired bacteria during adaptation to biofilm growth. Cell Rep 2014; 6:293-300. [PMID: 24412364 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm growth increases the fitness of bacteria in harsh conditions. However, bacteria from clinical and environmental biofilms can exhibit impaired growth in culture, even when the species involved are readily culturable and permissive conditions are used. Here, we show that culture-impaired variants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa arise rapidly and become abundant in laboratory biofilms. The culture-impaired phenotype is caused by mutations that alter the outer-membrane lipopolysaccharide structure. Within biofilms, the lipopolysaccharide mutations markedly increase bacterial fitness. However, outside the protected biofilm environment, the mutations sensitize the variants to killing by a self-produced antimicrobial agent. Thus, a biofilm-mediated adaptation produces a stark fitness trade-off that compromises bacterial survival in culture. Trade-offs like this could limit the ability of bacteria to transition between biofilm growth and the free-living state and produce bacterial populations that escape detection by culture-based sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Penterman
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Dao Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Erin Anderson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Benjamin J Staudinger
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Everett P Greenberg
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Joseph S Lam
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Pradeep K Singh
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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