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Sun C, Jia N, Huang X, Xiao F, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Fu J, Xu Z, Qu D, Cui X, Wang Y. Real-time multiple cross displacement amplification assay for rapid and sensitive detection of Haemophilus influenzae. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1004183. [PMID: 36237430 PMCID: PMC9551287 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1004183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus influenzae is an opportunistic pathogen usually causing bacteremia, meningitis, and pneumonia in children. Here, we developed a method based on multiple cross displacement amplification (MCDA) method and real-tme fluorescence technique for rapid detection of H. influenzae. A set of 10 primers was designed for the H. influenzae real-time MCDA reaction, and a core primer was modified with a restriction endonuclease recognition sequence, a fluorescent, and a quencher according to the principle of the real-time MCDA assay. The H. influenzae real-time MCDA reactions were performed using a fluorescence instrument at 63°C for 40 min. The H. influenzae real-time MCDA assay can specifically detect H. influenzae without any cross-reaction with other bacteria as our results confirmed. The sensitivity of our assay is as low as 10 CFU per reaction. To validate its feasibility, our assay was applied to 40 DNA extracted from sputum samples. The results obtained from H. influenzae real-time MCDA were compared with that of H. influenzae–loop-mediated isothermal amplification (H. influenzae-LAMP) and MCDA-based lateral flow biosensor (MCDA-LFB). The positive rate of the real-time MCDA assay was 62.5%, which was consistent with the H. influenzae-MCDA-LFB assay, but was more sensitive than H. influenzae-LAMP (57.5%). Furthermore, the H. influenzae real-time MCDA assay takes only 40 min, which was less than that of a traditional PCR test. Taken together, the H. influenzae real-time MCDA assay reported here offers a new and valuable diagnostic tool for the reliable and rapid detection of H. influenzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Sun
- Experiment Center, Capitital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Jia
- Experiment Center, Capitital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolan Huang
- Experiment Center, Capitital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Experiment Center, Capitital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Experiment Center, Capitital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Experiment Center, Capitital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Fu
- Experiment Center, Capitital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Experiment Center, Capitital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Qu
- Department of Critical Medicine, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Wang, ; Xiaodai Cui, ; Dong Qu,
| | - Xiaodai Cui
- Experiment Center, Capitital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Wang, ; Xiaodai Cui, ; Dong Qu,
| | - Yi Wang
- Experiment Center, Capitital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Wang, ; Xiaodai Cui, ; Dong Qu,
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2
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Wang Y, Liu A, Fu M, Guo J, Wang L, Zuo X, Ma F. Establishment and Clinical Application of a RPA-LFS Assay for Detection of Capsulated and Non-Capsulated Haemophilus influenzae. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:878813. [PMID: 35531333 PMCID: PMC9068959 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.878813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A recombinase polymerase amplification-lateral flow strip assay was established for detection of the outer membrane protein P6 (omp6) and the capsule encoding gene bexA of Haemophilus influenzae and the detection limit, sensitivity, and specificity were determined. Specific primers and probes were designed based on the published nucleotide sequences of omp6 and bexA. The minimum detection limit was determined with standard strains and the practical applicability of the RPA-LFS assay was assessed by detection of 209 clinical samples. The results confirmed that the RPA-LFS assay was both specific and sensitive for the detection of capsulated and non-capsulated H. influenzae with a detection limit of 1 CFU/µL. The detection rate of the 209 clinical samples was 97.1%, while the detection rate of capsulated H. influenzae was 63.2%. The detection results were consistent with the traditional culture method and dual polymerase chain reaction (PCR), confirming the applicability of the RPA-LFS assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Medicine Laboratory, Department of Cardiac Function Examination, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
| | - Aibo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Fu
- Department of Medicine Laboratory, Department of Cardiac Function Examination, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- Department of Medicine Laboratory, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Medicine Laboratory, Department of Cardiac Function Examination, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Wang, ; Xiaohua Zuo, ; Fenfen Ma,
| | - Xiaohua Zuo
- Department of Pain Management, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People’s Hospital of Huai’an, Huai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Wang, ; Xiaohua Zuo, ; Fenfen Ma,
| | - Fenfen Ma
- Department of Cardiac Function Examination, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang City, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Wang, ; Xiaohua Zuo, ; Fenfen Ma,
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3
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Saadati A, Kholafazad kordasht H, Ehsani M, Hasanzadeh M, Seidi F, Shadjou N. An innovative flexible and portable DNA based biodevice towards sensitive identification of Haemophilus influenzae bacterial genome: A new platform for the rapid and low cost recognition of pathogenic bacteria using point of care (POC) analysis. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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4
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Sohrabi H, Majidi MR, Nami F, Asadpour-Zeynali K, Khataee A, Mokhtarzadeh A. A novel engineered label-free Zn-based MOF/CMC/AuNPs electrochemical genosensor for highly sensitive determination of Haemophilus Influenzae in human plasma samples. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:100. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04757-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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5
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Brodowski M, Kowalski M, Skwarecka M, Pałka K, Skowicki M, Kula A, Lipiński T, Dettlaff A, Ficek M, Ryl J, Dziąbowska K, Nidzworski D, Bogdanowicz R. Highly selective impedimetric determination of Haemophilus influenzae protein D using maze-like boron-doped carbon nanowall electrodes. Talanta 2021; 221:121623. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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6
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Ishiwada N, Fujimaki K, Matsumoto T, Kiyota H, Tateda K, Sato J, Hanaki H, Takayanagi R, Yamaguchi Y, Hoshino T, Kuroki H, Iwata S, Tajima T, Horikoshi Y, Shiro H, Bamba M, Kawamura N, Ouchi K, Matsubara K, Okada T, Furuno K, Tsumura N. Nationwide surveillance of bacterial pathogens isolated from children conducted by the surveillance committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases, and the Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology in 2017: General overview of pathogenic antimicrobial susceptibility. J Infect Chemother 2020; 27:139-150. [PMID: 33277177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A nationwide surveillance of the antimicrobial susceptibility of pediatric patients to bacterial pathogens was conducted by Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases, and the Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology in Japan in 2017. The isolates were collected from 18 medical facilities between March 2017 and May 2018 by the three societies. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted at the central laboratory (Infection Control Research Center, Kitasato University, Tokyo) according to the methods recommended by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute. Susceptibility testing was evaluated in 926 strains (331 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 360 Haemophilus influenzae, 216 Moraxella catarrhalis, 5 Streptococcus agalactiae, and 14 Escherichia coli). The ratio of penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae was 0% based on CLSI M100-ED29 criteria. However, three meropenem or tosufloxacin resistant S. pneumoniae isolates were obtained. Among H. influenzae, 13.1% of them were found to be β-lactamase-producing ampicillin resistant strains, while 20.8% were β-lactamase non-producing ampicillin-resistant strains. No capsular type b strains were detected. In M. catarrhalis, 99.5% of the isolates were β-lactamase-producing strains. All S. agalactiae and E. coli strains were isolated from sterile body sites (blood or cerebrospinal fluid). The ratio of penicillin-resistant S. agalactiae was 0%, while that of extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing E. coli was 14.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naruhiko Ishiwada
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Fujimaki
- The Surveillance Committee of JSC, JAID, and JSCM, Tokyo, Japan; Fujifilm Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Kiyota
- The Surveillance Committee of JSC, JAID, and JSCM, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tateda
- The Surveillance Committee of JSC, JAID, and JSCM, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Sato
- The Surveillance Committee of JSC, JAID, and JSCM, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hanaki
- Infection Control Research Center, The Omura Satoshi Memorial Institution, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Takayanagi
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku Rosai Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshio Yamaguchi
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Infection and Allergy, Tochigi Medical Center, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hoshino
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Division of Infections Diseases, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Haruo Kuroki
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Sotobo Children's Clinic, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwata
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infection Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tajima
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Hakujikai Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuho Horikoshi
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Division of Infections Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shiro
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Bamba
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Kawasaki Municipal Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naohisa Kawamura
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Ouchi
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keita Matsubara
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima City Funairi Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takafumi Okada
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Furuno
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of General Pediatrics and Interdisciplinary Medicine, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Tsumura
- Pediatric Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID), The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Kurume University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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7
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Binding of pDNA with cDNA using hybridization strategy towards monitoring of Haemophilus influenza genome in human plasma samples. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 150:218-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Sakata H, Watanabe A, Iwata S, Sato Y, Suzuki K, Miyashita N, Hori S, Yamaguchi Y, Odajima M, Katakuse Y, Hasegawa T, Maki N, Wada K. Surveillance on susceptibility of strains isolated from pediatric infections. J Infect Chemother 2018; 25:163-169. [PMID: 30600131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
During the period from January to December 2015, 104 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains, 129 Haemophilus influenzae strains and 54 Moraxella catarrhalis strains isolated from clinical specimens of pediatric infections in the national 16 institutions, studied susceptibilities of total 28 antibiotics, the capsular serotype for S. pneumoniae, the capsular b type and β-lactamase production capability for H. influenzae, and the β-lactamase production capability for M. catarrhalis were measured. In S. pneumoniae, the results showed that 68 strains (65.4%) were PSSP, 32 (30.8%) were PISP, and 4 (3.8%) were PRSP. The susceptibilities of TBPM and GRNX among oral antibiotics, and PAPM among injectable antibiotics demonstrated the lowest value with MIC90 ≤ 0.06 μg/mL. The most frequent distribution of S. pneumoniae serotypes was seen in 15B, followed by 19A, and 35B. Serotype strains contained in 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) were 19 strains (18.3%). In H. influenzae, the results showed that BLNAS accounted for 40 strains (31.0%), BLNAI for 28 strains (21.7%), BLNAR for 47 strains (36.4%), β-lactamase producing for 14 strains (10.8%). The susceptibilities of quinolones demonstrated the lowest outcome among oral antibiotics with MIC90 ≤ 0.06 μg/mL, and CTRX and TAZ/PIPC (TAZ4 fixed) among injectable antibiotics with MIC of 0.25 μg/mL. There was no detection of capsular type b strains. In M. catarrhalis, all the isolates were β-lactamase producing strains. The susceptibilities of TBPM, CPFX, TFLX and GRNX among oral antibiotics, and TAZ/PIPC (TAZ4 fixed), PAPM, MEPM and DRPM among injectable antibiotics demonstrated the lowest outcome with MIC of ≤0.06 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Sakata
- The Promotion Committee for Proper Use of Pediatric Quinolones of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Watanabe
- The Promotion Committee for Proper Use of Pediatric Quinolones of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwata
- The Promotion Committee for Proper Use of Pediatric Quinolones of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yoshitake Sato
- The Promotion Committee for Proper Use of Pediatric Quinolones of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- The Promotion Committee for Proper Use of Pediatric Quinolones of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Miyashita
- The Promotion Committee for Proper Use of Pediatric Quinolones of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Hori
- The Promotion Committee for Proper Use of Pediatric Quinolones of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Yamaguchi
- The Promotion Committee for Proper Use of Pediatric Quinolones of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Odajima
- The Promotion Committee for Proper Use of Pediatric Quinolones of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Katakuse
- The Promotion Committee for Proper Use of Pediatric Quinolones of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Hasegawa
- The Promotion Committee for Proper Use of Pediatric Quinolones of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuko Maki
- The Promotion Committee for Proper Use of Pediatric Quinolones of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Wada
- The Promotion Committee for Proper Use of Pediatric Quinolones of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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9
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Driscoll AJ, Karron RA, Morpeth SC, Bhat N, Levine OS, Baggett HC, Brooks WA, Feikin DR, Hammitt LL, Howie SRC, Knoll MD, Kotloff KL, Madhi SA, Scott JAG, Thea DM, Adrian PV, Ahmed D, Alam M, Anderson TP, Antonio M, Baillie VL, Dione M, Endtz HP, Gitahi C, Karani A, Kwenda G, Maiga AA, McClellan J, Mitchell JL, Morailane P, Mugo D, Mwaba J, Mwansa J, Mwarumba S, Nyongesa S, Panchalingam S, Rahman M, Sawatwong P, Tamboura B, Toure A, Whistler T, O'Brien KL, Murdoch DR. Standardization of Laboratory Methods for the PERCH Study. Clin Infect Dis 2018; 64:S245-S252. [PMID: 28575358 PMCID: PMC5447855 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health study was conducted across 7 diverse research sites and relied on standardized clinical and laboratory methods for the accurate and meaningful interpretation of pneumonia etiology data. Blood, respiratory specimens, and urine were collected from children aged 1–59 months hospitalized with severe or very severe pneumonia and community controls of the same age without severe pneumonia and were tested with an extensive array of laboratory diagnostic tests. A standardized testing algorithm and standard operating procedures were applied across all study sites. Site laboratories received uniform training, equipment, and reagents for core testing methods. Standardization was further assured by routine teleconferences, in-person meetings, site monitoring visits, and internal and external quality assurance testing. Targeted confirmatory testing and testing by specialized assays were done at a central reference laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruth A Karron
- Center for Immunization Research, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Susan C Morpeth
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi.,Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.,Microbiology Laboratory, Middlemore Hospital, Counties Manukau District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Niranjan Bhat
- International Vaccine Access Center, and.,Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, PATH, and
| | - Orin S Levine
- International Vaccine Access Center, and.,Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington
| | - Henry C Baggett
- Global Disease Detection Center, Thailand Ministry of Public Health-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration, Nonthaburi.,Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - W Abdullah Brooks
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka and Matlab.,Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Daniel R Feikin
- International Vaccine Access Center, and.,Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Laura L Hammitt
- International Vaccine Access Center, and.,Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi
| | - Stephen R C Howie
- Medical Research Council Unit, Basse, The Gambia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Auckland, and.,Centre for International Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Karen L Kotloff
- Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Vaccine Development, Institute of Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Shabir A Madhi
- Medical Research Council, Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, and.,Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation, Vaccine Preventable Diseases Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - J Anthony G Scott
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi.,Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom
| | - Donald M Thea
- Center for Global Health and Development, Boston University School of Public Health, Massachusetts
| | - Peter V Adrian
- Medical Research Council, Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, and.,Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation, Vaccine Preventable Diseases Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Dilruba Ahmed
- InternationalCentre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka and Matlab
| | - Muntasir Alam
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka
| | - Trevor P Anderson
- Microbiology Department, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Martin Antonio
- Medical Research Council Unit, Basse, The Gambia.,Department of Pathogen Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.,Microbiology and Infection Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Vicky L Baillie
- Medical Research Council, Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, and.,Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation, Vaccine Preventable Diseases Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Michel Dione
- Medical Research Council Unit, Basse, The Gambia.,International Livestock Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Hubert P Endtz
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka and Matlab.,Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Fondation Mérieux, Lyon, France
| | - Caroline Gitahi
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi
| | - Angela Karani
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi
| | - Geoffrey Kwenda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Medicine, and.,Zambia Center for Applied Health Research and Development, Lusaka
| | | | - Jessica McClellan
- Medical Research Council Unit, Basse, The Gambia.,Cummings School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Joanne L Mitchell
- Microbiology Department, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Palesa Morailane
- Medical Research Council, Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, and.,Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation, Vaccine Preventable Diseases Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Daisy Mugo
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi
| | - John Mwaba
- Zambia Center for Applied Health Research and Development, Lusaka.,Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - James Mwansa
- Zambia Center for Applied Health Research and Development, Lusaka.,Cummings School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Salim Mwarumba
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi
| | - Sammy Nyongesa
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi
| | - Sandra Panchalingam
- Department of Medicine, Center for Vaccine Development, Institute of Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore; and
| | - Mustafizur Rahman
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka
| | - Pongpun Sawatwong
- Global Disease Detection Center, Thailand Ministry of Public Health-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration, Nonthaburi
| | | | - Aliou Toure
- Centre pour le Développement des Vaccins (CVD-Mali), Bamako
| | - Toni Whistler
- Global Disease Detection Center, Thailand Ministry of Public Health-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration, Nonthaburi.,Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - David R Murdoch
- Microbiology Department, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand.,Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Nørskov-Lauritsen N. Classification, identification, and clinical significance of Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter species with host specificity for humans. Clin Microbiol Rev 2014; 27:214-40. [PMID: 24696434 PMCID: PMC3993099 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00103-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive update on the current classification and identification of Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter species with exclusive or predominant host specificity for humans. Haemophilus influenzae and some of the other Haemophilus species are commonly encountered in the clinical microbiology laboratory and demonstrate a wide range of pathogenicity, from life-threatening invasive disease to respiratory infections to a nonpathogenic, commensal lifestyle. New species of Haemophilus have been described (Haemophilus pittmaniae and Haemophilus sputorum), and the new genus Aggregatibacter was created to accommodate some former Haemophilus and Actinobacillus species (Aggregatibacter aphrophilus, Aggregatibacter segnis, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans). Aggregatibacter species are now a dominant etiology of infective endocarditis caused by fastidious organisms (HACEK endocarditis), and A. aphrophilus has emerged as an important cause of brain abscesses. Correct identification of Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter species based on phenotypic characterization can be challenging. It has become clear that 15 to 20% of presumptive H. influenzae isolates from the respiratory tracts of healthy individuals do not belong to this species but represent nonhemolytic variants of Haemophilus haemolyticus. Due to the limited pathogenicity of H. haemolyticus, the proportion of misidentified strains may be lower in clinical samples, but even among invasive strains, a misidentification rate of 0.5 to 2% can be found. Several methods have been investigated for differentiation of H. influenzae from its less pathogenic relatives, but a simple method for reliable discrimination is not available. With the implementation of identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, the more rarely encountered species of Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter will increasingly be identified in clinical microbiology practice. However, identification of some strains will still be problematic, necessitating DNA sequencing of multiple housekeeping gene fragments or full-length 16S rRNA genes.
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Abdeldaim GMK, Strålin K, Olcén P, Blomberg J, Mölling P, Herrmann B. Quantitative fucK gene polymerase chain reaction on sputum and nasopharyngeal secretions to detect Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 76:141-6. [PMID: 23541117 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the fucK gene was developed for specific detection of Haemophilus influenzae. The method was tested on sputum and nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) from 78 patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). With a reference standard of sputum culture and/or serology against the patient's own nasopharyngeal isolate, H. influenzae etiology was detected in 20 patients. Compared with the reference standard, fucK PCR (using the detection limit 10(5) DNA copies/mL) on sputum and NPA showed a sensitivity of 95.0% (19/20) in both cases, and specificities of 87.9% (51/58) and 89.5% (52/58), respectively. In a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, sputum fucK PCR was found to be significantly superior to sputum P6 PCR for detection of H. influenzae CAP. NPA fucK PCR was positive in 3 of 54 adult controls without respiratory symptoms. In conclusion, quantitative fucK real-time PCR provides a sensitive and specific identification of H. influenzae in respiratory secretions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guma M K Abdeldaim
- Section of Clinical Bacteriology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, S-75185, Uppsala, Sweden
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Meyler KL, Meehan M, Bennett D, Cunney R, Cafferkey M. Development of a diagnostic real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of invasive Haemophilus influenzae in clinical samples. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2012; 74:356-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for detection of Haemophilus influenzae type b in cerebrospinal fluid. J Clin Microbiol 2011; 49:3621-6. [PMID: 21832019 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00515-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is one of the leading causes of meningitis in developing countries. To establish and evaluate a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for Hib, we designed a LAMP primer set targeting the Hib-specific capsulation locus. LAMP detected 10 copies of purified DNA in a 60-min reaction. This indicated that the detection limit of LAMP was >100-fold lower than the detection limits of both a PCR for the detection of bexA and a nested PCR for Hib (Hib PCR). No H. influenzae, other than Hib or control bacteria, was detected. Linear determination ranged from 10 to 1,000,000 microorganisms per reaction mixture using real-time turbidimetry. We evaluated the Hib LAMP assay using a set of 52 randomly selected cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens obtained from children with suspected meningitis. For comparison, the CSF specimens were tested using a conventional Hib PCR assay. Hib was detected in 30 samples using LAMP and in 22 samples using the Hib PCR assay. The Hib PCR showed a clinical sensitivity of 73.3% and a clinical specificity of 100% relative to the Hib LAMP assay. These results suggest that further development and evaluation of the Hib LAMP will enhance the global diagnostic capability for Hib detection.
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Abdeldaim GMK, Strålin K, Korsgaard J, Blomberg J, Welinder-Olsson C, Herrmann B. Multiplex quantitative PCR for detection of lower respiratory tract infection and meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis. BMC Microbiol 2010; 10:310. [PMID: 21129171 PMCID: PMC3016321 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-10-310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae cause pneumonia and as Neisseria meningitidis they are important agents of meningitis. Although several PCR methods have been described for these bacteria the specificity is an underestimated problem. Here we present a quantitative multiplex real-time PCR (qmPCR) for detection of S. pneumoniae (9802 gene fragment), H. influenzae (omp P6 gene) and N. meningitidis (ctrA gene). The method was evaluated on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from 156 adults with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and 31 controls, and on 87 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from meningitis patients. Results The analytical sensitivity was not affected by using a combined mixture of reagents and a combined DNA standard (S. pneumoniae/H. influenzae/N. meningitidis) in single tubes. By blood- and BAL-culture and S. pneumoniae urinary antigen test, S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae were aetiological agents in 21 and 31 of the LTRI patients, respectively. These pathogens were identified by qmPCR in 52 and 72 of the cases, respectively, yielding sensitivities and specificities of 95% and 75% for S. pneumoniae, and 90% and 65% for H. influenzae, respectively. When using a cut-off of 105 genome copies/mL for clinical positivity the sensitivities and specificities were 90% and 80% for S. pneumoniae, and 81% and 85% for H. influenzae, respectively. Of 44 culture negative but qmPCR positive for H. influenzae, 41 were confirmed by fucK PCR as H. influenzae. Of the 103 patients who had taken antibiotics prior to sampling, S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae were identified by culture in 6% and 20% of the cases, respectively, and by the qmPCR in 36% and 53% of the cases, respectively. In 87 CSF samples S. pneumoniae and N. meningitidis were identified by culture and/or 16 S rRNA in 14 and 10 samples and by qmPCR in 14 and 10 samples, respectively, giving a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 100% for both bacteria. Conclusions The PCR provides increased sensitivity and the multiplex format facilitates diagnosis of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and N. meningitidis and the assay enable detection after antibiotic treatment has been installed. Quantification increases the specificity of the etiology for pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guma M K Abdeldaim
- Section of Clinical Bacteriology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Acevedo-Whitehouse K, Rocha-Gosselin A, Gendron D. A novel non-invasive tool for disease surveillance of free-ranging whales and its relevance to conservation programs. Anim Conserv 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00326.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Detection of Haemophilus influenzae in respiratory secretions from pneumonia patients by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2009; 64:366-73. [PMID: 19446978 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2009.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2008] [Revised: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 03/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on the omp P6 gene was developed to detect Haemophilus influenzae. Its specificity was determined by analysis of 29 strains of 11 different Haemophilus spp. and was compared with PCR assays having other target genes: rnpB, 16S rRNA, and bexA. The method was evaluated on nasopharyngeal aspirates from 166 adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia. When 10(4) DNA copies/mL was used as cutoff limit for the method, P6 PCR had a sensitivity of 97.5% and a specificity of 96.0% compared with the culture. Of 20 culture-negative but P6 PCR-positive cases, 18 were confirmed by fucK PCR as H. influenzae. Five (5.9%) of 84 nasopharyngeal aspirates from adult controls tested PCR positive. We conclude that the P6 real-time PCR is both sensitive and specific for identification of H. influenzae in respiratory secretions. Quantification facilitates discrimination between disease-causing H. influenzae strains and commensal colonization.
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Wang Y, Kong F, Gilbert G, Brown M, Gao W, Yu S, Yang Y. Use of a multiplex PCR-based reverse line blot (mPCR/RLB) hybridisation assay for the rapid identification of bacterial pathogens. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008; 14:155-60. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2007.01890.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wang Y, Kong F, Yang Y, Gilbert GL. A multiplex PCR-based reverse line blot hybridization (mPCR/RLB) assay for detection of bacterial respiratory pathogens in children with pneumonia. Pediatr Pulmonol 2008; 43:150-9. [PMID: 18085683 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.20749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and evaluate a novel method for simultaneous identification of 12 potential bacterial pathogens in children with community-acquired pneumonia. METHODS A multiplex PCR-based reverse line blot (mPCR/RLB) assay was developed, to identify 12 respiratory bacterial pathogens, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Bordetella pertussis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and single (uniplex) PCRs were used for S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae only. In a preliminary evaluation, we compared the results of mPCR/RLB with those of single (uniplex) PCRs and culture of nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) from 100 children under 5 years, admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital between October 2004 and May 2005, with pneumonia. RESULTS Reference strains and clinical isolates of all 12 target species were correctly identified by mPCR/RLB. Potential pathogens were isolated from one blood culture and 26% of respiratory cultures. One or more pathogens were identified in 70% of respiratory specimens--by mPCR/RLB in 63%, uPCR only in another 3%, culture only in 2%, and culture plus uPCR in 2%. The species most commonly identified were S. pneumoniae (54%) and H. influenzae (38%, including type b, 4%). Cultures were not performed for B. pertussis, M. tuberculosis, C. pneumoniae or M. pneumoniae but each was identified by mPCR/RLB in between one and four specimens. Two or more potential pathogens were identified in 35% of specimens. Ten of 14 S. pneumoniae isolates belonged to serotypes represented in the 11-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. CONCLUSIONS The mPCR/RLB assay is a sensitive tool for identification of respiratory pathogens, including mixed infections and bacteria requiring special culture methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Wang
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Maaroufi Y, De Bruyne JM, Heymans C, Crokaert F. Real-time PCR for determining capsular serotypes of Haemophilus influenzae. J Clin Microbiol 2007; 45:2305-8. [PMID: 17507524 PMCID: PMC1932976 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00102-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A two-step real-time PCR assay targeting all six capsulation loci of Haemophilus influenzae (i.e., serotypes a to f) was developed and compared with a previously published qualitative PCR assay by using 131 H. influenzae clinical isolates. There was a 98.5% concordance between the two tests. The sensitivity of detection of capsular type-specific reference strains of H. influenzae a to c (10(1) CFU/PCR) was higher than that for type e (10(3) CFU/PCR) and types d and f (10(4) CFU/PCR), and a broader dynamic range was obtained (5 to 8 log(10) units). No cross-reaction was observed with bacteria commonly isolated from the respiratory tract. We showed that both PCR assays are more reliable than slide agglutination serotyping. The real-time PCR-based assay seems to be an alternative of choice for the epidemiological follow-up of H. influenzae invasive infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes Maaroufi
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Institut Jules Bordet, Rue Héger-Bordet 1, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
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Sakata H. Invasive Haemophilus influenzae infections in children in Kamikawa subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan, 1996-2005, before the introduction of H. influenzae type b vaccination. J Infect Chemother 2007; 13:30-4. [PMID: 17334726 DOI: 10.1007/s10156-006-0491-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2006] [Accepted: 10/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated 52 children with invasive Haemophilus influenzae infection in Kamikawa subprefucture, Hokkaido, Japan between 1996 and 2005. The most frequent disease was meningitis, in 30 children (57.7%), followed by pneumonia in 9 (17.3%), bacteremia in 8 (15.4%), epiglottitis in 4 (7.7%), and cellulitis in 1 (1.9%). Patients ranged in age from 0 days to 8 years. Thirty (57.7%) of the patients were less than 2 years old. Only 6 cases of invasive H. influenzae infection occurred in children older than 5 years. Between 1996 and 2005 the annual incidence rates of invasive H. influenzae infection in children aged less than 5 years, and those aged from 5 to 9 years were 4.3/100,000 to 56.8/100,000 and 0/100,000 to 12.4/100,000, respectively. A marked increase of the annual incidence rate in children aged under 5 years was observed in the most recent 2 years (2004 and 2005). No patients with invasive H. influenzae infection died, but sequelae were seen at discharge in 2 patients with meningitis, predominantly epilepsy and developmental delay of varying severity. Two patients with epiglottitis were treated by endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy. Of 41 strains isolated from 1999 to 2005, 35 were classified for antimicrobial resistance by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The number of strains of beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-susceptible, low beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant, beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant, beta-lactamase-negative amoxicillin/clavulanic acid resistant-I, and beta-lactamase-positive amoxicillin/clavulanic acid resistant-II, were 22, 3, 5, 2, and 3, respectively. The serotype in 37 (97.4%) of 38 cases demonstrated type b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Sakata
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Kosei Hospital, 1-24 Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8211, Japan.
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McMillen L, Fordyce G, Doogan VJ, Lew AE. Comparison of culture and a novel 5' Taq nuclease assay for direct detection of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis in clinical specimens from cattle. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44:938-45. [PMID: 16517880 PMCID: PMC1393111 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.44.3.938-945.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis-specific 5' Taq nuclease PCR assay using a 3' minor groove binder-DNA probe (TaqMan MGB) was developed based on a subspecies-specific fragment of unknown identity (S. Hum, K. Quinn, J. Brunner, and S. L. On, Aust. Vet. J. 75:827-831, 1997). The assay specifically detected four C. fetus subsp. venerealis strains with no observed cross-reaction with C. fetus subsp. fetus-related Campylobacter species or other bovine venereal microflora. The 5' Taq nuclease assay detected approximately one single cell compared to 100 and 10 cells in the conventional PCR assay and 2,500 and 25,000 cells from selective culture from inoculated smegma and mucus, respectively. The respective detection limits following the enrichments from smegma and mucus were 5,000 and 50 cells/inoculum for the conventional PCR compared to 500 and 50 cells/inoculum for the 5' Taq nuclease assay. Field sampling confirmed the sensitivity and the specificity of the 5' Taq nuclease assay by detecting an additional 40 bulls that were not detected by culture. Urine-inoculated samples demonstrated comparable detection of C. fetus subsp. venerealis by both culture and the 5' Taq nuclease assay; however, urine was found to be less effective than smegma for bull sampling. Three infected bulls were tested repetitively to compare sampling tools, and the bull rasper proved to be the most suitable, as evidenced by the improved ease of specimen collection and the consistent detection of higher levels of C. fetus subsp. venerealis. The 5' Taq nuclease assay demonstrates a statistically significant association with culture (chi2 = 29.8; P < 0.001) and significant improvements for the detection of C. fetus subsp. venerealis-infected animals from crude clinical extracts following prolonged transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyle McMillen
- Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, c/o Animal Research Institute, Locked Mail Bag No. 4, Moorooka, 4105 QLD, Australia.
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