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Priyanka HP, Pratap UP, Nair RS, Vasantharekha R, ThyagaRajan S. Estrogen-receptor status determines differential regulation of α1- and α2-adrenoceptor-mediated cell survival, angiogenesis, and intracellular signaling responses in breast cancer cell lines. Med Oncol 2024; 41:92. [PMID: 38526769 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02322-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Psychosocial stress promotes cancer pathogenesis involving angiogenesis through alterations in neuroendocrine-immune functions that may involve adrenoceptor (AR)-dependent signaling mechanisms in the brain, lymphoid organs, and cancerous cells. Various concentrations of α1- and α2- AR-specific agonists and antagonists were incubated in vitro with estrogen receptor-positive (ER +) MCF-7, and ER (-) MDA MB-231 cells to examine the secretions of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and nitric oxide (NO), and expression of signaling molecules- p-ERK, p-CREB, and p-Akt on the proliferation of breast cancer cell lines. Cellular proliferation, VEGF-A and NO secretion, expression of p-ERK, p-CREB, and p-Akt were enhanced in MCF-7 cells treated with α1-AR agonist while VEGF-C secretion alone was enhanced in MDA MB-231 cells. Treatment of MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 cells with α2- AR agonist similarly enhanced proliferation and decreased NO production and p-CREB expression while VEGF-C secretion was decreased in MCF-7 cells and p-Akt expression was decreased in MDA MB-231 cells. α1-AR inhibition reversed cellular proliferation and VEGF-A secretion by MCF-7 cells while α2-AR inhibition reversed the proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 cells and VEGF-C secretion by MCF-7 cells. Taken together, breast cancer pathogenesis may be influenced by distinct α-AR-mediated signaling mechanisms on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis that are dependent on estrogen receptor status.
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Grants
- BT/PR9199/Med/30/12/2007 Department of Bio-Technology, Government of India, New Delhi.
- BT/PR9199/Med/30/12/2007 Department of Bio-Technology, Government of India, New Delhi.
- BT/PR9199/Med/30/12/2007 Department of Bio-Technology, Government of India, New Delhi.
- BT/PR9199/Med/30/12/2007 Department of Bio-Technology, Government of India, New Delhi.
- BT/PR9199/Med/30/12/2007 Department of Bio-Technology, Government of India, New Delhi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah P Priyanka
- Institute of Advanced Research in Health Sciences, Tamil Nadu Government Multi Super Speciality Hospital, Omandurar Government Estate, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uday P Pratap
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rahul S Nair
- Institute of Advanced Research in Health Sciences, Tamil Nadu Government Multi Super Speciality Hospital, Omandurar Government Estate, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasamy Vasantharekha
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Srinivasan ThyagaRajan
- Institute of Advanced Research in Health Sciences, Tamil Nadu Government Multi Super Speciality Hospital, Omandurar Government Estate, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Maines LW, Keller SN, Smith CD. Opaganib (ABC294640) Induces Immunogenic Tumor Cell Death and Enhances Checkpoint Antibody Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16901. [PMID: 38069222 PMCID: PMC10706694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-based cancer drugs that target the checkpoint proteins CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1 provide marked improvement in some patients with deadly diseases such as lung cancer and melanoma. However, most patients are either unresponsive or relapse following an initial response, underscoring the need for further improvement in immunotherapy. Certain drugs induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in tumor cells in which the dying cells promote immunologic responses in the host that may enhance the in vivo activity of checkpoint antibodies. Sphingolipid metabolism is a key pathway in cancer biology, in which ceramides and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) regulate tumor cell death, proliferation and drug resistance, as well as host inflammation and immunity. In particular, sphingosine kinases are key sites for manipulation of the ceramide/S1P balance that regulates tumor cell proliferation and sensitivity to radiation and chemotherapy. We and others have demonstrated that inhibition of sphingosine kinase-2 by the small-molecule investigational drug opaganib (formerly ABC294640) kills tumor cells and increases their sensitivities to other drugs and radiation. Because sphingolipids have been shown to regulate ICD, opaganib may induce ICD and improve the efficacy of checkpoint antibodies for cancer therapy. This was demonstrated by showing that in vitro treatment with opaganib increases the surface expression of the ICD marker calreticulin on a variety of tumor cell types. In vivo confirmation was achieved using the gold standard immunization assay in which B16 melanoma, Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) or Neuro-2a neuroblastoma cells were treated with opaganib in vitro and then injected subcutaneously into syngeneic mice, followed by implantation of untreated tumor cells 7 days later. In all cases, immunization with opaganib-treated cells strongly suppressed the growth of subsequently injected tumor cells. Interestingly, opaganib treatment induced crossover immunity in that opaganib-treated B16 cells suppressed the growth of both untreated B16 and LLC cells and opaganib-treated LLC cells inhibited the growth of both untreated LLC and B16 cells. Next, the effects of opaganib in combination with a checkpoint antibody on tumor growth in vivo were assessed. Opaganib and anti-PD-1 antibody each slowed the growth of B16 tumors and improved mouse survival, while the combination of opaganib plus anti-PD-1 strongly suppressed tumor growth and improved survival (p < 0.0001). Individually, opaganib and anti-CTLA-4 antibody had modest effects on the growth of LLC tumors and mouse survival, whereas the combination of opaganib with anti-CTLA-4 substantially inhibited tumor growth and increased survival (p < 0.001). Finally, the survival of mice bearing B16 tumors was only marginally improved by opaganib or anti-PD-L1 antibody alone but was nearly doubled by the drugs in combination (p < 0.005). Overall, these studies demonstrate the ability of opaganib to induce ICD in tumor cells, which improves the antitumor activity of checkpoint antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charles D. Smith
- Apogee Biotechnology Corporation, 1214 Research Blvd, Suite 2015, Hummelstown, PA 17036, USA; (L.W.M.)
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3
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Liang C, Wei T, Zhang T, Niu C. Adipose‑derived stem cell‑mediated alphastatin targeting delivery system inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth in glioma. Mol Med Rep 2023; 28:215. [PMID: 37772382 PMCID: PMC10568251 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioma is a highly vascularized tumor. Therefore, inhibition of angiogenesis is an effective treatment strategy for it. Alphastatin is a 24‑amino acid peptide that has been demonstrated to inhibit glioma angiogenesis and tumor growth. Adipose‑derived stem cells (ADSCs) are considered an ideal targeted drug delivery system for glioma therapy due to their targeted tropism for cancer and the intrinsic attribute of autologous transplantation. The aim of the present study was to construct an ADSC‑mediated alphastatin targeted delivery system and investigate its effects on angiogenesis in glioma. The sequence encoding the human neurotrophin‑4 signal peptide and alphastatin fusion gene fragment was transferred into ADSCs using a lentiviral vector to construct the ADSC‑mediated alphastatin targeted delivery system (Al‑ADSCs). Flow cytometry was used to detect the stem cell surface markers of Al‑ADSCs. Western blot analysis and ELISA were used to detect the expression and secretion of alphastatin peptide in Al‑ADSCs. Cell migration assay was used to detect the tendency of Al‑ADSCs to target CD133+ glioma stem cells (GSCs). The effects of Al‑ADSCs on angiogenesis in vitro were detected by tube formation assay. A Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay was used to detect the effects of Al‑ADSCs on endothelial cell (EC) proliferation. Wound healing assay was used to examine the effects of Al‑ADSCs on EC migration. Intracranial xenograft models were constructed and in vivo fluorescence imaging was used to examine the effects of Al‑ADSCs on glioma growth. Fluorescence microscopy was used to detect the distribution of Al‑ADSCs in glioma tissue and CD133 immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the effects of Al‑ADSCs on GSCs in glioma tissue. The results revealed that ADSCs exhibited more marked tropism to GSCs than to other types of cells (P<0.01). Al‑ADSCs maintained the surface markers of ADSCs and there was no significant difference between the ADSCs and Al‑ADSCs regarding tropism to GSCs (P=0.639 for GSCs‑SHG44 cells; and P=0.386 for GSCs‑U87 cells). Al‑ADSCs were able to successfully secrete and express alphastatin peptide and inhibited EC‑mediated angiogenesis (P<0.01) and EC migration (P<0.01) and proliferation (P<0.01) in vitro. In vivo, Al‑ADSCs were detected in glioma tissue and were able to inhibit tumor growth. In addition, the Al‑ADSCs reduced the number of GSCs and microvascular density (P<0.01) in the tumors. Overall, the results of the present study indicated that the Al‑ADSCs were able to target glioma tissue and inhibit glioma angiogenesis and tumor growth. This anti‑angiogenic targeted therapy system may provide a new strategy for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061 P.R. China
| | - Ting Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061 P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061 P.R. China
| | - Chen Niu
- Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061 P.R. China
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Zhang Y, Popel AS, Bazzazi H. Combining Multikinase Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Targeting the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Cluster of Differentiation 47 Signaling Pathways Is Predicted to Increase the Efficacy of Antiangiogenic Combination Therapies. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:710-726. [PMID: 37200806 PMCID: PMC10186363 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a critical step in tumor growth, development, and invasion. Nascent tumor cells secrete vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that significantly remodels the tumor microenvironment through interaction with multiple receptors on vascular endothelial cells, including type 2 VEGF receptor (VEGFR2). The complex pathways initiated by VEGF binding to VEGFR2 lead to enhanced proliferation, survival, and motility of vascular endothelial cells and formation of a new vascular network, enabling tumor growth. Antiangiogenic therapies that inhibit VEGF signaling pathways were among the first drugs that targeted stroma rather than tumor cells. Despite improvements in progression-free survival and higher response rates relative to chemotherapy in some types of solid tumors, the impact on overall survival (OS) has been limited, with the majority of tumors eventually relapsing due to resistance or activation of alternate angiogenic pathways. Here, we developed a molecularly detailed computational model of endothelial cell signaling and angiogenesis-driven tumor growth to investigate combination therapies targeting different nodes of the endothelial VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway. Simulations predicted a strong threshold-like behavior in extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation relative to phosphorylated VEGFR2 levels, as continuous inhibition of at least 95% of receptors was necessary to abrogate phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK1/2). Combinations with mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase (MEK) and spingosine-1-phosphate inhibitors were found to be effective in overcoming the ERK1/2 activation threshold and abolishing activation of the pathway. Modeling results also identified a mechanism of resistance whereby tumor cells could reduce pERK1/2 sensitivity to inhibitors of VEGFR2 by upregulation of Raf, MEK, and sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), thus highlighting the need for deeper investigation of the dynamics of the crosstalk between VEGFR2 and SphK1 pathways. Inhibition of VEGFR2 phosphorylation was found to be more effective at blocking protein kinase B, also known as AKT, activation; however, to effectively abolish AKT activation, simulations identified Axl autophosphorylation or the Src kinase domain as potent targets. Simulations also supported activating cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) on endothelial cells as an effective combination partner with tyrosine kinase inhibitors to inhibit angiogenesis signaling and tumor growth. Virtual patient simulations supported the effectiveness of CD47 agonism in combination with inhibitors of VEGFR2 and SphK1 pathways. Overall, the rule-based system model developed here provides new insights, generates novel hypothesis, and makes predictions regarding combinations that may enhance the OS with currently approved antiangiogenic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Aleksander S. Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Hojjat Bazzazi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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5
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Wongviriya A, Shelton RM, Cooper PR, Milward MR, Landini G. The relationship between sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 and epidermal growth factor in migration and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:65. [PMID: 37038210 PMCID: PMC10088162 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02906-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid mediator and its binding to the S1P receptor 2 (S1PR2) is reported to regulate cytoskeletal organization. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been shown to induce migration and invasion in tumour cells. Since binding of S1P to S1PR2 and EGF to the EGF receptors exhibit some overlapping functionality, this study aimed to determine whether S1PR2 was involved in EGF-induced migration and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) lines and to identify any potential crosstalk between the two pathways. Migration was investigated using the scratch wound assay while invasion was studied using the transwell invasion and multicellular tumour spheroid (MCTS) assays. Activity of Rac1, a RhoGTPase, was measured using G-LISA (small GTPase activation assays) while S1P production was indirectly measured via the expression of sphingosine kinase (Sphk). S1PR2 inhibition with 10 µM JTE013 reduced EGF-induced migration, invasion and Rac1 activity, however, stimulation of S1PR2 with 10 µM CYM5478 did not enhance the effect of EGF on migration, invasion or Rac1 activity. The data demonstrated a crosstalk between EGF/EGFR and S1P/S1PR2 pathways at the metabolic level. S1PR2 was not involved in EGF production, but EGF promoted S1P production through the upregulation of Sphk1. In conclusion, OSCC lines could not migrate and invade without S1PR2 regulation, even with EGF stimulation. EGF also activated S1PR2 by stimulating S1P production via Sphk1. The potential for S1PR2 to control cellular motility may lead to promising treatments for OSCC patients and potentially prevent or reduce metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adjabhak Wongviriya
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Richard M Shelton
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paul R Cooper
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Michael R Milward
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gabriel Landini
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
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6
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Jeong JH, Ojha U, Jang H, Kang S, Lee S, Lee YM. Dual anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic activity of myriocin synergistically enhances the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:117-132. [PMID: 36329364 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00737-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor microenvironment consists of various kind of cells, forming complex interactions and signal transductions for tumor growth. Due to this complexity, targeting multiple kinases could yield improved clinical outcomes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential of myriocin, from Mycelia sterilia, as a novel dual-kinase inhibitor and suggest myriocin as a candidate for combined chemotherapy. METHODS We initially evaluated the anti-tumor and anti-metastatic effect of myriocin in mouse allograft tumor models. We examined the effects of myriocin on angiogenesis and tumor vasculature using in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo models, and also tested the anti-migration effect of myriocin in in vitro models. Next, we explored the effects of myriocin alone and in combination with cisplatin on tumor growth and vascular normalization in mouse models. RESULTS We found that myriocin inhibited tumor growth and lung metastasis in mouse allograft tumor models. Myriocin induced normalization of the tumor vasculature in the mouse models. We also found that myriocin suppressed angiogenesis through the VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT pathway in endothelial cells (ECs), as well as cancer cell migration by blocking the IκBα/NF-κB(p65)/MMP-9 pathway. Finally, we found that myriocin enhanced the drug delivery efficacy of cisplatin by increasing the integrity of tumor vasculature in the mouse models, which synergistically increased the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin. CONCLUSION We suggest that myriocin is a novel potent anti-cancer agent that dually targets both VEGFR2 in ECs and IκBα in cancer cells, and exerts more pronounced anti-tumor effects than with either kinase being inhibited alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hak Jeong
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center (VOICE, MRC), Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- National Basic Research Lab. of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Uttam Ojha
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center (VOICE, MRC), Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- National Basic Research Lab. of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonha Jang
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center (VOICE, MRC), Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- National Basic Research Lab. of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Kang
- National Basic Research Lab. of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhee Lee
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center (VOICE, MRC), Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - You Mie Lee
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center (VOICE, MRC), Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
- National Basic Research Lab. of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Rong W, Shukun W, Xiaoqing W, Wenxin H, Mengyuan D, Chenyang M, Zhang H. Regulatory roles of non-coding RNAs and m6A modification in trophoblast functions and the occurrence of its related adverse pregnancy outcomes. Crit Rev Toxicol 2022; 52:681-713. [PMID: 36794364 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2022.2144711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, fetal growth restriction, and recurrent miscarriage, occur frequently in pregnant women and might further induce morbidity and mortality for both mother and fetus. Increasing studies have shown that dysfunctions of human trophoblast are related to these adverse pregnancy outcomes. Recent studies also showed that environmental toxicants could induce trophoblast dysfunctions. Moreover, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been reported to play important regulatory roles in various cellular processes. However, the roles of ncRNAs in the regulation of trophoblast dysfunctions and the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes still need to be further investigated, especially with exposure to environmental toxicants. In this review, we analyzed the regulatory mechanisms of ncRNAs and m6A methylation modification in the dysfunctions of trophoblast cells and the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and also summarized the harmful effects of environmental toxicants. In addition to DNA replication, mRNA transcription, and protein translation, ncRNAs and m6A modification might be considered as the fourth and fifth elements that regulate the genetic central dogma, respectively. Environmental toxicants might also affect these processes. In this review, we expect to provide a deeper scientific understanding of the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and to discover potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Rong
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wan Shukun
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wang Xiaoqing
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huang Wenxin
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dai Mengyuan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mi Chenyang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huidong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Petrusca DN, Lee KP, Galson DL. Role of Sphingolipids in Multiple Myeloma Progression, Drug Resistance, and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets. Front Oncol 2022; 12:925807. [PMID: 35756630 PMCID: PMC9213658 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.925807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incapacitating hematological malignancy characterized by accumulation of cancerous plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM) and production of an abnormal monoclonal protein (M-protein). The BM microenvironment has a key role in myeloma development by facilitating the growth of the aberrant plasma cells, which eventually interfere with the homeostasis of the bone cells, exacerbating osteolysis and inhibiting osteoblast differentiation. Recent recognition that metabolic reprograming has a major role in tumor growth and adaptation to specific changes in the microenvironmental niche have led to consideration of the role of sphingolipids and the enzymes that control their biosynthesis and degradation as critical mediators of cancer since these bioactive lipids have been directly linked to the control of cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis, among other cellular functions. In this review, we present the recent progress of the research investigating the biological implications of sphingolipid metabolism alterations in the regulation of myeloma development and its progression from the pre-malignant stage and discuss the roles of sphingolipids in in MM migration and adhesion, survival and proliferation, as well as angiogenesis and invasion. We introduce the current knowledge regarding the role of sphingolipids as mediators of the immune response and drug-resistance in MM and tackle the new developments suggesting the manipulation of the sphingolipid network as a novel therapeutic direction for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela N Petrusca
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kelvin P Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Deborah L Galson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, HCC Research Pavilion, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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9
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Techarang T, Jariyapong P, Punsawad C. Role of sphingosine kinase and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor in the liver pathology of mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266055. [PMID: 35333897 PMCID: PMC8956183 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreased serum sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) has been reported in severe malaria patients, but the expression of receptors and enzymes associated with S1P has not been investigated in the liver of malaria patients. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the expression of sphingosine kinase (SphK) and S1P receptors (S1PRs) in the liver of malaria-infected mice. C57BL/6 male mice were divided into a control group (n = 10) and a Plasmodium berghei (PbA)-infected group (n = 10). Mice in the malaria group were intraperitoneally injected with 1×106 P. berghei ANKA-infected red blood cells, whereas control mice were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline. Liver tissues were collected on Day 13 of the experiment to evaluate histopathological changes by hematoxylin and eosin staining and to investigate SphK and S1PR expression by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. Histological examination of liver tissues from the PbA-infected group revealed sinusoidal dilatation, hemozoin deposition, portal tract inflammation and apoptotic hepatocytes, which were absent in the control group. Immunohistochemical staining showed significant increases in the expression of SphK1 and SphK2 and significant decreases in the expression of S1PR1, S1PR2, and S1PR3 in the endothelium, hepatocytes, and Kupffer cells in liver tissue from the PbA-infected group compared with the control group. Real-time PCR analysis showed the upregulation of SphK1 and the downregulation of S1PR1, S1PR2, and S1PR3 in the liver in the PbA-infected group compared with the control group. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time that SphK1 mRNA expression is upregulated and that S1PR1, S1PR2, and S1PR3 expression is decreased in the liver tissue of PbA-infected mice. Our findings suggest that the decreased levels of S1PR1, S1PR2, and S1PR3 might play an important role in liver injury during malaria infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tachpon Techarang
- Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Pitchanee Jariyapong
- Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Chuchard Punsawad
- Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Research Center in Tropical Pathobiology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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10
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Venkatraman G, Tang X, Du G, Parisentti AM, Hemmings DG, Brindley DN. Lysophosphatidate Promotes Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Metabolism and Signaling: Implications for Breast Cancer and Doxorubicin Resistance. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:531-545. [PMID: 34415509 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-01024-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidate (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) promote vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and wound healing by activating a plethora of overlapping signaling pathways that stimulate mitogenesis, cell survival, and migration. As such, maladaptive signaling by LPA and S1P have major effects in increasing tumor progression and producing poor patient outcomes after chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Many signaling actions of S1P and LPA are not redundant; each are vital in normal physiology and their metabolisms differ. In the present work, we studied how LPA signaling impacts S1P metabolism and signaling in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. LPA increased sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1) synthesis and rapidly activated cytosolic SphK1 through association with membranes. Blocking phospholipase D activity attenuated the LPA-induced activation of SphK1 and the synthesis of ABCC1 and ABCG2 transporters that secrete S1P from cells. This effect was magnified in doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 cells. LPA also facilitated S1P signaling by increasing mRNA expression for S1P1 receptors. Doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 cells had increased S1P2 and S1P3 receptor expression and show increased LPA-induced SphK1 activation, increased expression of ABCC1, ABCG2 and greater S1P secretion. Thus, LPA itself and LPA-induced S1P signaling counteract doxorubicin-induced death of MCF-7 cells. We conclude from the present and previous studies that LPA promotes S1P metabolism and signaling to coordinately increase tumor growth and metastasis and decrease the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiotherapy for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Venkatraman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Xiaoyun Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Guangwei Du
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Amadeo M Parisentti
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2H2, Canada
| | - Denise G Hemmings
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada.
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada.
| | - David N Brindley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada.
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada.
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11
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Sattar RSA, Sumi MP, Nimisha, Apurva, Kumar A, Sharma AK, Ahmad E, Ali A, Mahajan B, Saluja SS. S1P signaling, its interactions and cross-talks with other partners and therapeutic importance in colorectal cancer. Cell Signal 2021; 86:110080. [PMID: 34245863 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) plays an important role in normal physiology, inflammation, initiation and progression of cancer. Deregulation of S1P signaling causes aberrant proliferation, affects survival, leads to angiogenesis and metastasis. Sphingolipid rheostat is crucial for cellular homeostasis. Discrepancy in sphingolipid metabolism is linked to cancer and drug insensitivity. Owing to these diverse functions and being a potent mediator of tumor growth, S1P signaling might be a suitable candidate for anti-tumor therapy or combination therapy. In this review, with a focus on colorectal cancer we have summarized the interacting partners of S1P signaling pathway, its therapeutic approaches along with the contribution of S1P signaling to various cancer hallmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Real Sumayya Abdul Sattar
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Mamta P Sumi
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Nimisha
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Apurva
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Abhay Kumar Sharma
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Ejaj Ahmad
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Asgar Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS), Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Bhawna Mahajan
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India; Department of Biochemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Sundeep Singh Saluja
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India; Department of GI Surgery, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India.
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12
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Kim JH, Han J, Suk K. Protective Effects of Complement Component 8 Gamma Against Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown. Front Physiol 2021; 12:671250. [PMID: 34149451 PMCID: PMC8209513 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.671250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) regulates the traffic of micromolecules and macromolecules between the peripheral blood and the central nervous system, to maintain brain homeostasis. BBB disruption and dysfunction accompany a variety of neurological disorders and are closely related with the neuroinflammatory cascades that are triggered by leukocyte infiltration and glial activation. Here, we explored the role of complement component 8 gamma (C8G) in the maintenance of BBB integrity. Previously, C8G was shown to inhibit neuroinflammation by interfering with the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)-S1PR2 interaction. The results of the present study revealed that C8G is localized in perivascular astrocytes, whereas S1PR2 is expressed in endothelial cells (ECs). In the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation model, the intracerebroventricular administration of the recombinant C8G protein protected the integrity of the BBB, whereas shRNA-mediated C8G knockdown enhanced BBB permeability and neutrophil infiltration. Using pharmacological agonists and antagonists of S1PR2, we demonstrated that C8G inhibited the inflammatory activation of ECs in culture by antagonizing S1PR2. In the in vitro BBB model, the addition of the recombinant C8G protein preserved endothelial integrity, whereas the knockdown of C8G exacerbated endothelial leakage under inflammatory conditions. Together, our findings indicate an important role for astrocytic C8G in protecting the BBB in the inflamed brain, suggesting a novel mechanism of cross talk between astrocytes and ECs in terms of BBB maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Heon Kim
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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13
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Pan Y, Gao F, Zhao S, Han J, Chen F. Role of the SphK-S1P-S1PRs pathway in invasion of the nervous system by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:637-650. [PMID: 33565127 PMCID: PMC8014301 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Global spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is still ongoing. Before an effective vaccine is available, the development of potential treatments for resultant coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is crucial. One of the disease hallmarks is hyper‐inflammatory responses, which usually leads to a severe lung disease. Patients with COVID‐19 also frequently suffer from neurological symptoms such as acute diffuse encephalomyelitis, brain injury and psychiatric complications. The metabolic pathway of sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) is a dynamic regulator of various cell types and disease processes, including the nervous system. It has been demonstrated that S1P and its metabolic enzymes, regulating neuroinflammation and neurogenesis, exhibit important functions during viral infection. S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) analogues including AAL‐R and RP‐002 inhibit pathophysiological responses at the early stage of H1N1 virus infection and then play a protective role. Fingolimod (FTY720) is an S1P receptor modulator and is being tested for treating COVID‐19. Our review provides an overview of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and critical role of the SphK‐S1P‐SIPR pathway in invasion of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, particularly in the central nervous system (CNS). This may help design therapeutic strategies based on the S1P‐mediated signal transduction, and the adjuvant therapeutic effects of S1P analogues to limit or prevent the interaction between the host and SARS‐CoV‐2, block the spread of the SARS‐CoV‐2, and consequently treat related complications in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehai Pan
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shangdong, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shangdong, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bonn University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jinming Han
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shangdong, China
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14
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Drexler Y, Molina J, Mitrofanova A, Fornoni A, Merscher S. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Metabolism and Signaling in Kidney Diseases. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:9-31. [PMID: 33376112 PMCID: PMC7894665 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020050697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, sphingolipids and sphingolipid metabolites have gained attention because of their essential role in the pathogenesis and progression of kidney diseases. Studies in models of experimental and clinical nephropathies have described accumulation of sphingolipids and sphingolipid metabolites, and it has become clear that the intracellular sphingolipid composition of renal cells is an important determinant of renal function. Proper function of the glomerular filtration barrier depends heavily on the integrity of lipid rafts, which include sphingolipids as key components. In addition to contributing to the structural integrity of membranes, sphingolipid metabolites, such as sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), play important roles as second messengers regulating biologic processes, such as cell growth, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis. This review will focus on the role of S1P in renal cells and how aberrant extracellular and intracellular S1P signaling contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelena Drexler
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension/Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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15
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Velazquez FN, Hernandez-Corbacho M, Trayssac M, Stith JL, Bonica J, Jean B, Pulkoski-Gross MJ, Carroll BL, Salama MF, Hannun YA, Snider AJ. Bioactive sphingolipids: Advancements and contributions from the laboratory of Dr. Lina M. Obeid. Cell Signal 2020; 79:109875. [PMID: 33290840 PMCID: PMC8244749 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids and their synthetic enzymes have emerged as critical mediators in numerous diseases including inflammation, aging, and cancer. One enzyme in particular, sphingosine kinase (SK) and its product sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), has been extensively implicated in these processes. SK catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to S1P and exists as two isoforms, SK1 and SK2. In this review, we will discuss the contributions from the laboratory of Dr. Lina M. Obeid that have defined the roles for several bioactive sphingolipids in signaling and disease with an emphasis on her work defining SK1 in cellular fates and pathobiologies including proliferation, senescence, apoptosis, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola N Velazquez
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Maria Hernandez-Corbacho
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Magali Trayssac
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Stith
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Joseph Bonica
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA
| | - Bernandie Jean
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Michael J Pulkoski-Gross
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA
| | - Brittany L Carroll
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA
| | - Mohamed F Salama
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Ashley J Snider
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
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16
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Zhang S, Gan Y, Shao L, Liu T, Wei D, Yu Y, Guo H, Zhu H. Virus Mimetic Shell-Sheddable Chitosan Micelles for siVEGF Delivery and FRET-Traceable Acid-Triggered Release. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:53598-53614. [PMID: 33201664 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) using small interfering RNA (siVEGF) has shown great potential in inhibiting the growth, proliferation, and migration of tumors by reducing the proliferation of blood vessels. On the basis of bionic principles, a novel pH-responsive and virus mimetic shell-sheddable chitosan (CS) micelles (CMs) as siRNA delivery system was introduced in this study. The cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-d-Phe-Lys) (cRGD) modified poly(enthylene glycol) (PEG) was conjugated to the HA2 modified chitosan via a hydrazone linkage (cRGD-PEG-Hz-CS-HA2). The cRGD-PEG-Hz-CS-HA2 conjugate could form micelles by interacting with the complex of octanal, Boc-l-lysine, and 9-d-arginine (9R) (octyl-Lys-9R) as a hydrophodic core forming agent, termed as cRGD-PEG-Hz-CS-HA2/octyl-Lys-9R (abbreviated as cRGD/HA2/Hz-CMs).The CMs modified with cRGD can accurately target glioma cells (U87MG cells) with high expression of αvβ3. The payloads of siVEGF were packed into the core of cRGD/HA2/Hz-CMs via electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interaction. The intracellular cargo release was achieved by the pH-responsive lysis of the hydrazone bond in acidic environment of endosome. Moreover, the exposed HA2, as a pH-sensitive membrane-disruptive peptide, assists the escape of the carriers from endosome into cytosol. In addition, cRGD/HA2/Hz-CMs can effectively deliver siVEGF and silence VEGF gene expression in U87MG cells, leading to the significant tumor growth inhibition. This study demonstrates that cRGD/HA2/Hz-CMs can deliver and release siVEGF in a controlled manner, which was traced by the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) system in order to achieve RNAi-based anti-angiogenic treatment of cancer in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Haimen People's Hospital, Nantong 226100, China
| | - Ye Gan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Lanlan Shao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Tianqing Liu
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 1006, Australia
| | - Danyi Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Hongwei Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education &Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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17
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Sun M, Deng R, Wang Y, Wu H, Zhang Z, Bu Y, Zhang H. Sphingosine kinase 1/sphingosine 1-phosphate/sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 pathway: A novel target of geniposide to inhibit angiogenesis. Life Sci 2020; 256:117988. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Alshaker H, Thrower H, Pchejetski D. Sphingosine Kinase 1 in Breast Cancer-A New Molecular Marker and a Therapy Target. Front Oncol 2020; 10:289. [PMID: 32266132 PMCID: PMC7098968 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well-established that sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) plays a significant role in breast cancer development, progression, and spread, whereas SK1 knockdown can reverse these processes. In breast cancer cells and tumors, SK1 was shown to interact with various pathways involved in cell survival and chemoresistance, such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB), Notch, Ras/MAPK, PKC, and PI3K. SK1 is upregulated by estrogen signaling, which, in turn, confers cancer cells with resistance to tamoxifen. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) produced by SK1 has been linked to tumor invasion and metastasis. Both SK1 and S1P are closely linked to inflammation and adipokine signaling in breast cancer. In human tumors, high SK1 expression has been linked with poorer survival and prognosis. SK1 is upregulated in triple negative tumors and basal-like subtypes. It is often associated with high phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2, SFK, LYN, AKT, and NFκB. Higher tumor SK1 mRNA levels were correlated with poor response to chemotherapy. This review summarizes the up-to-date evidence and discusses the therapeutic potential for the SK1 inhibition in breast cancer, with emphasis on the mechanisms of chemoresistance and combination with other therapies such as gefitinib or docetaxel. We have outlined four key areas for future development, including tumor microenvironment, combination therapies, and nanomedicine. We conclude that SK1 may have a potential as a target for precision medicine, its high expression being a negative prognostic marker in ER-negative breast cancer, as well as a target for chemosensitization therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Thrower
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitri Pchejetski
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
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19
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Schneider G. S1P Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1223:129-153. [PMID: 32030688 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35582-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), together with other phosphosphingolipids, has been found to regulate complex cellular function in the tumor microenvironment (TME) where it acts as a signaling molecule that participates in cell-cell communication. S1P, through intracellular and extracellular signaling, was found to promote tumor growth, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, and metastasis; it also regulates anticancer immune response, modulates inflammation, and promotes angiogenesis. Interestingly, cancer cells are capable of releasing S1P and thus modifying the behavior of the TME components in a way that contributes to tumor growth and progression. Therefore, S1P is considered an important therapeutic target, and several anticancer therapies targeting S1P signaling are being developed and tested in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Schneider
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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20
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Emerging Connections of S1P-Metabolizing Enzymes with Host Defense and Immunity During Virus Infections. Viruses 2019; 11:v11121097. [PMID: 31783527 PMCID: PMC6950728 DOI: 10.3390/v11121097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) metabolic pathway is a dynamic regulator of multiple cellular and disease processes. Identification of the immune regulatory role of the sphingosine analog FTY720 led to the development of the first oral therapy for the treatment of an autoimmune disease, multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, inhibitors of sphingosine kinase (SphK), which mediate S1P synthesis, are being evaluated as a therapeutic option for the treatment of cancer. In conjunction with these captivating discoveries, S1P and S1P-metabolizing enzymes have been revealed to display vital functions during virus infections. For example, S1P lyase, which is known for metabolizing S1P, inhibits influenza virus replication by promoting antiviral type I interferon innate immune responses. In addition, both isoforms of sphingosine kinase have been shown to regulate the replication or pathogenicity of many viruses. Pro- or antiviral activities of S1P-metabolizing enzymes appear to be dependent on diverse virus–host interactions and viral pathogenesis. This review places an emphasis on summarizing the functions of S1P-metabolizing enzymes during virus infections and discusses the opportunities for designing pioneering antiviral drugs by targeting these host enzymes.
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21
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Developing Trojan horses to induce, diagnose and suppress Alzheimer’s pathology. Pharmacol Res 2019; 149:104471. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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22
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Fang Z, Pyne S, Pyne NJ. WITHDRAWN: Ceramide and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate in adipose dysfunction. Prog Lipid Res 2019:100991. [PMID: 31442525 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.100991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Fang
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161, Cathedral St, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
| | - Susan Pyne
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161, Cathedral St, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
| | - Nigel J Pyne
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161, Cathedral St, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
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23
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR-2)/KDR Inhibitors: Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2019.100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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24
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Activation of sphingosine kinase by lipopolysaccharide promotes prostate cancer cell invasion and metastasis via SphK1/S1PR4/matriptase. Oncogene 2019; 38:5580-5598. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0833-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate in adipose dysfunction. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 74:145-159. [PMID: 30951736 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The increased adipose tissue mass of obese individuals enhances the risk of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. During pathological expansion of adipose tissue, multiple molecular controls of lipid storage, adipocyte turn-over and endocrine secretion are perturbed and abnormal lipid metabolism results in a distinct lipid profile. There is a role for ceramides and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in inducing adipose dysfunction. For instance, the alteration of ceramide biosynthesis, through the de-regulation of key enzymes, results in aberrant formation of ceramides (e.g. C16:0 and C18:0) which block insulin signaling and promote adipose inflammation. Furthermore, S1P can induce defective adipose tissue phenotypes by promoting chronic inflammation and inhibiting adipogenesis. These abnormal changes are discussed in the context of possible therapeutic approaches to re-establish normal adipose function and to, thereby, increase insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. Such novel approaches include blockade of ceramide biosynthesis using inhibitors of sphingomyelinase or dihydroceramide desaturase and by antagonism of S1P receptors, such as S1P2.
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Katayama Y, Uchino J, Chihara Y, Tamiya N, Kaneko Y, Yamada T, Takayama K. Tumor Neovascularization and Developments in Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030316. [PMID: 30845711 PMCID: PMC6468754 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors undergo fast neovascularization to support the rapid proliferation of cancer cells. Vasculature in tumors, unlike that in wound healing, is immature and affects the tumor microenvironment, resulting in hypoxia, acidosis, glucose starvation, immune cell infiltration, and decreased activity, all of which promote cancer progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. This innate defect of tumor vasculature can however represent a useful therapeutic target. Angiogenesis inhibitors targeting tumor vascular endothelial cells important for angiogenesis have attracted attention as cancer therapy agents that utilize features of the tumor microenvironment. While angiogenesis inhibitors have the advantage of targeting neovascularization factors common to all cancer types, some limitations to their deployment have emerged. Further understanding of the mechanism of tumor angiogenesis may contribute to the development of new antiangiogenic therapeutic approaches to control tumor invasion and metastasis. This review discusses the mechanism of tumor angiogenesis as well as angiogenesis inhibition therapy with antiangiogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Katayama
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Junji Uchino
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Chihara
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Nobuyo Tamiya
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Yoshiko Kaneko
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Tadaaki Yamada
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Koichi Takayama
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
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Koutelou E, Wang L, Schibler AC, Chao HP, Kuang X, Lin K, Lu Y, Shen J, Jeter CR, Salinger A, Wilson M, Chen YC, Atanassov BS, Tang DG, Dent SYR. USP22 controls multiple signaling pathways that are essential for vasculature formation in the mouse placenta. Development 2019; 146:dev.174037. [PMID: 30718289 DOI: 10.1242/dev.174037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
USP22, a component of the SAGA complex, is overexpressed in highly aggressive cancers, but the normal functions of this deubiquitinase are not well defined. We determined that loss of USP22 in mice results in embryonic lethality due to defects in extra-embryonic placental tissues and failure to establish proper vascular interactions with the maternal circulatory system. These phenotypes arise from abnormal gene expression patterns that reflect defective kinase signaling, including TGFβ and several receptor tyrosine kinase pathways. USP22 deletion in endothelial cells and pericytes that are induced from embryonic stem cells also hinders these signaling cascades, with detrimental effects on cell survival and differentiation as well as on the ability to form vessels. Our findings provide new insights into the functions of USP22 during development that may offer clues to its role in disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Koutelou
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA .,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Program in Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andria C Schibler
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Program in Genes and Development, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hsueh-Ping Chao
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Program in Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xianghong Kuang
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Kevin Lin
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Jianjun Shen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Collene R Jeter
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Andrew Salinger
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Marenda Wilson
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yi Chun Chen
- MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Program in Genes and Development, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Boyko S Atanassov
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Dean G Tang
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Sharon Y R Dent
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA .,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Vasjari L, Bresan S, Biskup C, Pai G, Rubio I. Ras signals principally via Erk in G1 but cooperates with PI3K/Akt for Cyclin D induction and S-phase entry. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:204-225. [PMID: 30560710 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1560205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies exploring oncogenic Ras or manipulating physiological Ras signalling have established an irrefutable role for Ras as driver of cell cycle progression. Despite this wealth of information the precise signalling timeline and effectors engaged by Ras, particularly during G1, remain obscure as approaches for Ras inhibition are slow-acting and ill-suited for charting discrete Ras signalling episodes along the cell cycle. We have developed an approach based on the inducible recruitment of a Ras-GAP that enforces endogenous Ras inhibition within minutes. Applying this strategy to inhibit Ras stepwise in synchronous cell populations revealed that Ras signaling was required well into G1 for Cyclin D induction, pocket protein phosphorylation and S-phase entry, irrespective of whether cells emerged from quiescence or G2/M. Unexpectedly, Erk, and not PI3K/Akt or Ral was activated by Ras at mid-G1, albeit PI3K/Akt signalling was a necessary companion of Ras/Erk for sustaining cyclin-D levels and G1/S transition. Our findings chart mitogenic signaling by endogenous Ras during G1 and identify limited effector engagement restricted to Raf/MEK/Erk as a cogent distinction from oncogenic Ras signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ledia Vasjari
- a Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine , Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany
| | - Stephanie Bresan
- a Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine , Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany
| | - Christoph Biskup
- b Biomolecular Photonics Group , Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany
| | - Govind Pai
- a Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine , Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany
| | - Ignacio Rubio
- a Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine , Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany
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Ng ML, Yarla NS, Menschikowski M, Sukocheva OA. Regulatory role of sphingosine kinase and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling in progenitor/stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2018; 10:119-133. [PMID: 30310531 PMCID: PMC6177561 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v10.i9.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Balanced sphingolipid signaling is important for the maintenance of homeostasis. Sphingolipids were demonstrated to function as structural components, second messengers, and regulators of cell growth and survival in normal and disease-affected tissues. Particularly, sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and its product sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) operate as mediators and facilitators of proliferation-linked signaling. Unlimited proliferation (self-renewal) within the regulated environment is a hallmark of progenitor/stem cells that was recently associated with the S1P signaling network in vasculature, nervous, muscular, and immune systems. S1P was shown to regulate progenitor-related characteristics in normal and cancer stem cells (CSCs) via G-protein coupled receptors S1Pn (n = 1 to 5). The SphK/S1P axis is crucially involved in the regulation of embryonic development of vasculature and the nervous system, hematopoietic stem cell migration, regeneration of skeletal muscle, and development of multiple sclerosis. The ratio of the S1P receptor expression, localization, and specific S1P receptor-activated downstream effectors influenced the rate of self-renewal and should be further explored as regeneration-related targets. Considering malignant transformation, it is essential to control the level of self-renewal capacity. Proliferation of the progenitor cell should be synchronized with differentiation to provide healthy lifelong function of blood, immune systems, and replacement of damaged or dead cells. The differentiation-related role of SphK/S1P remains poorly assessed. A few pioneering investigations explored pharmacological tools that target sphingolipid signaling and can potentially confine and direct self-renewal towards normal differentiation. Further investigation is required to test the role of the SphK/S1P axis in regulation of self-renewal and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li Ng
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Nagendra S Yarla
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530 045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Mario Menschikowski
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden D-01307, Germany
| | - Olga A Sukocheva
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park SA 5042, Australia
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30
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Sukocheva OA. Expansion of Sphingosine Kinase and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Function in Normal and Cancer Cells: From Membrane Restructuring to Mediation of Estrogen Signaling and Stem Cell Programming. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020420. [PMID: 29385066 PMCID: PMC5855642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids, sphingolipid metabolizing enzymes, and their receptors network are being recognized as part of the signaling mechanisms, which govern breast cancer cell growth, migration, and survival during chemotherapy treatment. Approximately 70% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor (ER) positive and, thus, rely on estrogen signaling. Estrogen activates an intracellular network composed of many cytoplasmic and nuclear mediators. Some estrogen effects can be mediated by sphingolipids. Estrogen activates sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and amplifies the intracellular concentration of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in breast cancer cells during stimulation of proliferation and survival. Specifically, Estrogen activates S1P receptors (S1PR) and induces growth factor receptor transactivation. SphK, S1P, and S1PR expression are causally associated with endocrine resistance and progression to advanced tumor stages in ER-positive breast cancers in vivo. Recently, the network of SphK/S1PR was shown to promote the development of ER-negative cancers and breast cancer stem cells, as well as stimulating angiogenesis. Novel findings confirm and broaden our knowledge about the cross-talk between sphingolipids and estrogen network in normal and malignant cells. Current S1PRs therapeutic inhibition was indicated as a promising chemotherapy approach in non-responsive and advanced malignancies. Considering that sphingolipid signaling has a prominent role in terminally differentiated cells, the impact should be considered when designing specific SphK/S1PR inhibitors. This study analyzes the dynamic of the transformation of sphingolipid axis during a transition from normal to pathological condition on the level of the whole organism. The sphingolipid-based mediation and facilitation of global effects of estrogen were critically accented as a bridging mechanism that should be explored in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Sukocheva
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia.
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31
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Bao Y, Guo Y, Zhang C, Fan F, Yang W. Sphingosine Kinase 1 and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102109. [PMID: 28991193 PMCID: PMC5666791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1) is a highly conserved lipid kinase that phosphorylates sphingosine to form sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Growing studies have demonstrated that Sphk1 is overexpressed in various types of solid cancers and can be induced by growth factors, cytokines, and carcinogens, leading to the increase of S1P production. Subsequently, the increased Sphk1/S1P facilitates cancer cell proliferation, mobility, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Therefore, Sphk1/S1P signaling plays oncogenic roles. This review summarizes the features of Sphk1/S1P signaling and their functions in colorectal cancer cell growth, tumorigenesis, and metastasis, as well as the possible underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Bao
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China.
| | - Yongchen Guo
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China.
| | - Chenglan Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Health Professional College of Heilongjiang Province, Beian 164000, China.
| | - Fenghua Fan
- Department of Nursing, Health Professional College of Heilongjiang Province, Beian 164000, China.
| | - Wancai Yang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China.
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago 60612, IL, USA.
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Arish M, Alaidarous M, Ali R, Akhter Y, Rub A. Implication of sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in diseases: molecular mechanism and therapeutic strategies. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2017; 37:437-446. [PMID: 28758826 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2017.1358282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling is emerging as a critical regulator of cellular processes that is initiated by the intracellular production of bioactive lipid molecule, sphingosine-1-phosphate. Binding of sphingosine-1-phosphate to its extracellular receptors activates diverse downstream signaling that play a critical role in governing physiological processes. Increasing evidence suggests that this signaling pathway often gets impaired during pathophysiological and diseased conditions and hence manipulation of this signaling pathway may be beneficial in providing treatment. In this review, we summarized the recent findings of S1P signaling pathway and the versatile role of the participating candidates in context with several disease conditions. Finally, we discussed its possible role as a novel drug target in different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Arish
- a Infection and Immunity Lab, Department of Biotechnology , Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) , New Delhi , India
| | - Mohammed Alaidarous
- b Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences , Majmaah University , Al Majmaah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahat Ali
- a Infection and Immunity Lab, Department of Biotechnology , Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) , New Delhi , India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- c Centre for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences , Central University of Himachal Pradesh , Shahpur, Kangra , India
| | - Abdur Rub
- a Infection and Immunity Lab, Department of Biotechnology , Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) , New Delhi , India.,b Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences , Majmaah University , Al Majmaah , Saudi Arabia
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S1P Provokes Tumor Lymphangiogenesis via Macrophage-Derived Mediators Such as IL-1 β or Lipocalin-2. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:7510496. [PMID: 28804221 PMCID: PMC5539930 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7510496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A pleiotropic signaling lipid, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), has been implicated in various pathophysiological processes supporting tumor growth and metastasis. However, there are only a few descriptive studies suggesting a role of S1P in tumor lymphangiogenesis, which is critical for tumor growth and dissemination. Corroborating own data, the literature suggests that apoptotic tumor cell-derived S1P alters the phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to gain protumor functions. However, mechanistically, the role of TAM-induced lymphangiogenesis has only been poorly described, mostly linked to the production of lymphangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and VEGF-D, or transdifferentiation into lymphatic endothelial cells. Recent findings highlight a rather underappreciated role of S1P in tumor lymphangiogenesis, referring to the production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and lipocalin-2 (LCN2) by a tumor-promoting macrophage phenotype. In this review, we aim to provide to the readers with the current understanding of the molecular mechanism how apoptotic cell-derived S1P triggers TAMs to promote lymphangiogenesis.
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Targeting sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling for cancer therapy. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-017-9046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Zhu YJ, You H, Tan JX, Li F, Qiu Z, Li HZ, Huang HY, Zheng K, Ren GS. Overexpression of sphingosine kinase 1 is predictive of poor prognosis in human breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:63-72. [PMID: 28693136 PMCID: PMC5494825 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) is a bioactive lipid mediator that has been identified as a biomarker in various cancers and is considered to play an important role in tumor progression. In the present study, the expression level of SPHK1 was examined in breast cancer clinical specimens, and its association with patient survival was investigated to clarify the clinical significance of SPHK1 in breast cancer. SPHK1 mRNA expression was increased in breast cancer tissues compared with that in matched adjacent breast tissues in 19 of 32 paired tissue specimens (59.4%). Immunohistochemical analysis of 122 breast cancer cases revealed that the expression levels of SPHK1 were upregulated in 64 tumor tissues (52.5%), and increased expression levels of the protein were significantly associated with the presence of lymph node metastasis (P=0.0016), number of positive lymph nodes (P=0.0268) and presence of distant metastasis (P=0.0097). Increased SPHK1 protein expression was also associated with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status (P=0.0100), initial symptoms (P=0.0025) and tumor location (P=0.0457). Patients with increased SPHK1 protein expression had shorter overall survival and disease-free survival times compared with patients with lower SPHK1. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that high SPHK1 expression may be a poor prognostic factor. These results indicated that SPHK1 may perform an important role in breast cancer and may be a predictive factor in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jing Zhu
- Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hua You
- Department of Lymphoma, Head and Neck Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Xiang Tan
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zhu Qiu
- Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Zhong Li
- Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Huang
- Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.,Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Sheng Ren
- Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.,Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Computational investigation of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and calcium dependent ERK1/2 activation downstream of VEGFR2 in endothelial cells. PLoS Comput Biol 2017; 13:e1005332. [PMID: 28178265 PMCID: PMC5298229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a powerful regulator of neovascularization. VEGF binding to its cognate receptor, VEGFR2, activates a number of signaling pathways including ERK1/2. Activation of ERK1/2 is experimentally shown to involve sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) activation and its calcium-dependent translocation downstream of ERK1/2. Here we construct a rule-based computational model of signaling downstream of VEGFR2, by including SphK1 and calcium positive feedback mechanisms, and investigate their consequences on ERK1/2 activation. The model predicts the existence of VEGF threshold in ERK1/2 activation that can be continuously tuned by cellular concentrations of SphK1 and sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P). The computer model also predicts powerful effects of perturbations in plasma and ER calcium pump rates and the current through the CRAC channels on ERK1/2 activation dynamics, highlighting the critical role of intracellular calcium in shaping the pERK1/2 signal. The model is then utilized to simulate anti-angiogenic therapeutic interventions targeting VEGFR2-ERK1/2 axis. Simulations indicate that monotherapies that exclusively target VEGFR2 phosphorylation, VEGF, or VEGFR2 are ineffective in shutting down signaling to ERK1/2. By simulating therapeutic strategies that target multiple nodes of the pathway such as Raf and SphK1, we conclude that combination therapy should be much more effective in blocking VEGF signaling to EKR1/2. The model has important implications for interventions that target signaling pathways in angiogenesis relevant to cancer, vascular diseases, and wound healing. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling is a potent regulator of angiogenesis, the growth and development of new vessels out of a preexisting vascular network. Angiogenesis requires enhanced survival, proliferation, and motility of the vascular endothelial cells. Crucial signaling endpoints in VEGF-mediated angiogenic response include elevation in intracellular calcium and the activation of the proteins ERK1 and 2 (ERK1/2). In this study, we have developed a novel computer model for the activation of ERK1/2 and calcium downstream of VEGF receptor type 2 (VEGFR2). Our model is the first of its kind to incorporate and investigate the consequences of calcium elevation and the role of a cellular lipid modifier known as sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1). We also utilize the model to simulate therapeutic strategies targeting VEGF signaling to ERK1/2 indicating inefficiency of single therapies known as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) that target receptor phosphorylation. Computer simulations indicate that combination therapy is essential for effective blockade of this important pathway. Our results have important implications for human diseases such as cancer where plethora of anti-VEGF therapies are currently employed. Overall, our computer model sheds new light on a complex feedback involving SphK1 and calcium that radically alters the response of cells to VEGF.
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Bazzazi H, Isenberg JS, Popel AS. Inhibition of VEGFR2 Activation and Its Downstream Signaling to ERK1/2 and Calcium by Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1): In silico Investigation. Front Physiol 2017; 8:48. [PMID: 28220078 PMCID: PMC5292565 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
VEGF signaling through VEGFR2 is a central regulator of the angiogenic response. Inhibition of VEGF signaling by the stress-induced matricellular protein TSP1 plays a role in modulating the angiogenic response to VEGF in both health and disease. TSP1 binding to CD47 inhibits VEGFR2 activation. The full implications of this inhibitory interaction are unknown. We developed a detailed rule-based computational model to inquire if TSP1-CD47 signaling through VEGF had downstream effects upon ERK1/2 and calcium. Our Simulations suggest that enhanced degradation of VEGFR2 initiated by the binding of TSP1 to CD47 is sufficient to explain the inhibition of VEGFR2 phosphorylation, calcium elevation, and ERK1/2 activation downstream of VEGF. A complementary mechanism involving the recruitment of phosphatases to the VEGFR2 complex with consequent increase in the rate of receptor dephosphorylation may augment the inhibition of the VEGF signal. The model was then utilized to simulate the effect of inhibiting external TSP1 or the depletion of CD47 as potential therapeutic strategies in restoring VEGF signaling. Results suggest that depleting CD47 is a more efficient strategy in inhibiting the effects of TSP1/CD47 on VEGF signaling. Our results highlight the utility of in silico investigations in elucidating and clarifying molecular mechanisms at the intersection of TSP1 and VEGF biology and in differentiating between competing pro-angiogenic therapeutic strategies relevant to peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojjat Bazzazi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeffery S Isenberg
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aleksander S Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
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Howell DW, Duran CL, Tsai SP, Bondos SE, Bayless KJ. Functionalization of Ultrabithorax Materials with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Enhances Angiogenic Activity. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3558-3569. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David W. Howell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Camille L. Duran
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Shang-Pu Tsai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Sarah E. Bondos
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kayla J. Bayless
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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Hernández-Coronado CG, Guzmán A, Rodríguez A, Mondragón JA, Romano MC, Gutiérrez CG, Rosales-Torres AM. Sphingosine-1-phosphate, regulated by FSH and VEGF, stimulates granulosa cell proliferation. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 236:1-8. [PMID: 27342378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive polar sphingolipid which stimulates proliferation, growth and survival in various cell types. In the ovary S1P has been shown protect the granulosa cells and oocytes from insults such as oxidative stress and radiotherapy, and S1P concentrations are greater in healthy than atretic large follicles. Hence, we postulate that S1P is fundamental in follicle development and that it is activated in ovarian granulosa cells in response to FSH and VEGF. To test this hypothesis we set out: i) to evaluate the effect of FSH and VEGF on S1P synthesis in cultured bovine granulosa cells and ii) to analyse the effect of S1P on proliferation and survival of bovine granulosa cells in vitro. Seventy five thousand bovine granulosa cells from healthy medium-sized (4-7mm) follicles were cultured in 96-well plates in McCoy's 5a medium containing 10ng/mL of insulin and 1ng/mL of LR-IGF-I at 37°C in a 5% CO2/air atmosphere at 37°C. Granulosa cell production of S1P was tested in response to treatment with FSH (0, 0.1, 1 and 10ng/mL) and VEGF (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100ng/mL) and measured by HPLC. Granulosa cells produced S1P at 48 and 96h, with the maximum production observed with 1ng/mL of FSH. Likewise, 0.01ng/mL of VEGF stimulated S1P production at 48, but not 96h of culture. Further, the granulosa cell expression of sphingosine kinase-1 (SK1), responsible for S1P synthesis, was demonstrated by Western blot after 48h of culture. FSH increased the expression of phosphorylated SK1 (P<0.05) and the addition of a SK1 inhibitor reduced the constitutive and FSH-stimulated S1P synthesis (P<0.05). Sphingosine-1-phosphate had a biphasic effect on granulosa cell number after culture. At low concentration S1P (0.1μM) increased granulosa cell number after 48h of culture (P<0.05) and the proportion of cells in the G2 and M phase of the cell cycle (P<0.05), whereas higher concentrations decreased cell number (10μM; P<0.05) by an increase (P<0.05) in the proportion of cells in apoptosis (hypodiploid cells). In addition, treatment with SK-178 suppressed the FSH- and VEGF-stimulated rise of the granulosa cells number (P<0.05). Interestingly, the effect of 0.1μM S1P on granulosa cell number and their proportion in G2/M phases is similar to that observed with 1ng/mL FSH. The results of this study are the first to demonstrate sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) synthesis in granulosa cells under the control of FSH and VEGF. The later achieved through the regulation of sphingosine kinase 1 expression. This S1P augments the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle that translates in increased granulosa cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Hernández-Coronado
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Estudiante del Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Mexico
| | - A Guzmán
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Departamento Producción Agrícola y Animal, Calzada del Hueso 1100, CP 04960 México City, Mexico
| | - A Rodríguez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Av. Universidad 3000, CP 04510 México City, Mexico
| | - J A Mondragón
- CINVESTAV, I.P.N. Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Código Postal 07360 México City, Mexico
| | - M C Romano
- CINVESTAV, I.P.N. Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Código Postal 07360 México City, Mexico
| | - C G Gutiérrez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Av. Universidad 3000, CP 04510 México City, Mexico
| | - A M Rosales-Torres
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Departamento Producción Agrícola y Animal, Calzada del Hueso 1100, CP 04960 México City, Mexico.
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40
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Lee SO, Kim JS, Lee MS, Lee HJ. Anti-cancer effect of pristimerin by inhibition of HIF-1α involves the SPHK-1 pathway in hypoxic prostate cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:701. [PMID: 27581969 PMCID: PMC5007821 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia is a typical character of locally advanced solid tumours. The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is the main regulator under the hypoxic environment. HIF-1α regulates various genes to enhance tumour progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK-1) is a modulator of HIF-1α. METHODS To investigate the molecular mechanisms of pristimerin in association with SPHK-1 pathways in hypoxic PC-3 cancer cells. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production, cell cycles, and SPHK-1 activity were measured, and western blotting, an MTT assay, and an RNA interference assay were performed. RESULTS Pristimerin inhibited HIF-1α accumulation in a concentration- and-time-dependent manner in hypoxic PC-3 cells. Pristimerin suppressed the expression of HIF-1α by inhibiting SPHK-1. Moreover, inhibiting SPHK-1 with a sphingosine kinase inhibitor enhanced the suppression of HIF-1α, phosphorylation AKT, and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) by pristimerin under hypoxia. Furthermore, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger enhanced the inhibition of HIF-1α and SPHK-1 by pristimerin. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings suggest that pristimerin can exert an anti-cancer activity by inhibiting HIF-1α through the SPHK-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Ok Lee
- Department of Cancer Preventive Material Development, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Seok Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Sun Lee
- Department of Cancer Preventive Material Development, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jeong Lee
- Department of Cancer Preventive Material Development, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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41
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Vogt D, Stark H. Therapeutic Strategies and Pharmacological Tools Influencing S1P Signaling and Metabolism. Med Res Rev 2016; 37:3-51. [PMID: 27480072 DOI: 10.1002/med.21402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During the last two decades the study of the sphingolipid anabolic, catabolic, and signaling pathways has attracted enormous interest. Especially the introduction of fingolimod into market as first p.o. therapeutic for the treatment of multiple sclerosis has boosted this effect. Although the complex regulation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and other catabolic and anabolic sphingosine-related compounds is not fully understood, the influence on different (patho)physiological states from inflammation to cytotoxicity as well as the availability of versatile pharmacological tools that represent new approaches to study these states are described. Here, we have summarized various aspects concerning the many faces of sphingolipid function modulation by different pharmacological tools up to clinical candidates. Due to the immense heterogeneity of physiological or pharmacological actions and complex cross regulations, it is difficult to predict their role in upcoming therapeutic approaches. Currently, inflammatory, immunological, and/or antitumor aspects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Vogt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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42
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David MM, Enard D, Ozturk A, Daniels J, Jung JY, Diaz-Beltran L, Wall DP. Comorbid Analysis of Genes Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders Reveals Differential Evolutionary Constraints. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157937. [PMID: 27414027 PMCID: PMC4945013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The burden of comorbidity in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is substantial. The symptoms of autism overlap with many other human conditions, reflecting common molecular pathologies suggesting that cross-disorder analysis will help prioritize autism gene candidates. Genes in the intersection between autism and related conditions may represent nonspecific indicators of dysregulation while genes unique to autism may play a more causal role. Thorough literature review allowed us to extract 125 ICD-9 codes comorbid to ASD that we mapped to 30 specific human disorders. In the present work, we performed an automated extraction of genes associated with ASD and its comorbid disorders, and found 1031 genes involved in ASD, among which 262 are involved in ASD only, with the remaining 779 involved in ASD and at least one comorbid disorder. A pathway analysis revealed 13 pathways not involved in any other comorbid disorders and therefore unique to ASD, all associated with basal cellular functions. These pathways differ from the pathways associated with both ASD and its comorbid conditions, with the latter being more specific to neural function. To determine whether the sequence of these genes have been subjected to differential evolutionary constraints, we studied long term constraints by looking into Genomic Evolutionary Rate Profiling, and showed that genes involved in several comorbid disorders seem to have undergone more purifying selection than the genes involved in ASD only. This result was corroborated by a higher dN/dS ratio for genes unique to ASD as compare to those that are shared between ASD and its comorbid disorders. Short-term evolutionary constraints showed the same trend as the pN/pS ratio indicates that genes unique to ASD were under significantly less evolutionary constraint than the genes associated with all other disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude M. David
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Systems Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - David Enard
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Alp Ozturk
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Systems Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Jena Daniels
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Systems Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Jae-Yoon Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Systems Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Leticia Diaz-Beltran
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Systems Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Dennis. P. Wall
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Systems Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
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43
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Fagiani E, Lorentz P, Bill R, Pavotbawan K, Kopfstein L, Christofori G. VEGF receptor-2-specific signaling mediated by VEGF-E induces hemangioma-like lesions in normal and in malignant tissue. Angiogenesis 2016; 19:339-58. [PMID: 27038485 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-016-9508-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Viral VEGF-E (ovVEGF-E), a homolog of VEGF-A, was discovered in the genome of Orf virus. Together with VEGF-A, B, C, D, placental growth factor (PlGF) and snake venom VEGF (svVEGF), ovVEGF-E is a member of the VEGF family of potent angiogenesis factors with a bioactivity similar to VEGF-A it induces proliferation, migration and sprouting of cultured vascular endothelial cells and proliferative lesions in the skin of sheep, goat and man that are characterized by massive capillary proliferation and dilation. These biological functions are mediated exclusively via its interaction with VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). Here, we have generated transgenic mice specifically expressing ovVEGF-E in β-cells of the endocrine pancreas (Rip1VEGF-E; RVE). RVE mice show an increase in number and size of the islets of Langerhans and a distorted organization of insulin and glucagon-expressing cells. Islet endothelial cells of RVE mice hyper-proliferate and form increased numbers of functional blood vessels. In addition, the formation of disorganized lymphatic vessels and increased immune cell infiltration is observed. Upon crossing RVE single-transgenic mice with Rip1Tag2 (RT2) transgenic mice, a well-studied model of pancreatic β-cell carcinogenesis, double-transgenic mice (RT2;RVE) display hyper-proliferation of endothelial cells resulting in the formation of hemangioma-like lesions. In addition, RT2;RVE mice exhibit activated lymphangiogenesis at the tumor periphery and increased neutrophil and macrophage tumor infiltration and micro-metastasis to lymph nodes and lungs. These phenotypes markedly differ from the phenotypes observed with the transgenic expression of the other VEGF family members in β-cells of normal mice and of RT2 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesta Fagiani
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Pascal Lorentz
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ruben Bill
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kirusigan Pavotbawan
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lucie Kopfstein
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Christofori
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
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Sphingosine Kinases: Emerging Structure-Function Insights. Trends Biochem Sci 2016; 41:395-409. [PMID: 27021309 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinases (SK1 and SK2) catalyse the conversion of sphingosine into sphingosine 1-phosphate and control fundamental cellular processes, including cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and immune function. In this review, we highlight recent breakthroughs in the structural and functional characterisation of SK1 and these are contextualised by analysis of crystal structures for closely related prokaryotic lipid kinases. We identify a putative dimerisation interface and propose novel regulatory mechanisms governing structural plasticity induced by phosphorylation and interaction with phospholipids and proteins. Our analysis suggests that the catalytic function and regulation of the enzymes might be dependent on conformational mobility and it provides a roadmap for future interrogation of SK1 function and its role in physiology and disease.
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Desroches-Castan A, Quélard D, Demeunynck M, Constant JF, Dong C, Keramidas M, Coll JL, Barette C, Lafanechère L, Feige JJ. A new chemical inhibitor of angiogenesis and tumorigenesis that targets the VEGF signaling pathway upstream of Ras. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5382-411. [PMID: 25742784 PMCID: PMC4467156 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapies on cancer patients is limited by the emergence of drug resistance, urging the search for second-generation drugs. In this study, we screened an academic chemical library (DCM, University of Grenoble-Alpes) and identified a leader molecule, COB223, that inhibits endothelial cell migration and proliferation. It inhibits also Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC/2) cell proliferation whereas it does not affect fibroblast proliferation. The anti-angiogenic activity of COB223 was confirmed using several in vitro and in vivo assays. In a mouse LLC/2 tumor model, ip administration of doses as low as 4 mg/kg COB223 efficiently reduced the tumor growth rate. We observed that COB223 inhibits endothelial cell ERK1/2 phosphorylation induced by VEGF, FGF-2 or serum and that it acts downstream of PKC and upstream of Ras. This molecule represents a novel anti-angiogenic and anti-tumorigenic agent with an original mechanism of action that deserves further development as an anti-cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Desroches-Castan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1036, Biology of Cancer and Infection, Grenoble, F-38054, France.,Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV/iRTSV, Grenoble, F-38054, France
| | - Delphine Quélard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1036, Biology of Cancer and Infection, Grenoble, F-38054, France.,Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV/iRTSV, Grenoble, F-38054, France.,Janssen, Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson and Johnson, Issy-les-Moulineaux, F-92130, France
| | - Martine Demeunynck
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5063, Department of Molecular Pharmacochemistry, Grenoble, F-38041, France
| | - Jean-François Constant
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5250, Department of Molecular Chemistry, Grenoble, F-38041, France
| | - Chongling Dong
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5250, Department of Molecular Chemistry, Grenoble, F-38041, France
| | - Michelle Keramidas
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 823, Albert Bonniot Research Center, La Tronche, F-38700, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 823, Albert Bonniot Research Center, La Tronche, F-38700, France
| | - Caroline Barette
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV/iRTSV, Grenoble, F-38054, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1038, Large Scale Biology, Grenoble, F-38054, France
| | - Laurence Lafanechère
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV/iRTSV, Grenoble, F-38054, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 823, Albert Bonniot Research Center, La Tronche, F-38700, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Feige
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1036, Biology of Cancer and Infection, Grenoble, F-38054, France.,Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV/iRTSV, Grenoble, F-38054, France
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Li F, Yu Z, Chen P, Lin G, Li T, Hou L, Du Y, Tan W. The increased excretion of urinary orosomucoid 1 as a useful biomarker for bladder cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:331-340. [PMID: 27186407 PMCID: PMC4859664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving the early detection rate and prediction of bladder cancer remains a great challenge in management of this disease. To examine the value of urinary orosomucoid 1 (ORM1) for the early detection and surveillance of bladder cancer, two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOFMS) were applied to identify the differently expressed proteins in urine between bladder cancer and healthy controls. Thirteen different proteins including ORM1 were identified. After verification by western blotting, the ORM1 expressions were quantified in 186 urine samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) correcting for creatinine expression. ELISA quantification showed the urinary ORM1-Cr was found to be higher in bladder cancer patients compared to controls and benign cases (7172.23±3049.67 versus 2243.16±969.01, 2493.48±830.37 ng/ml, respectively, P<0.0001). Furthermore, the pearson correlation analysis indicated that urinary ORM1 had high positive correlation with the pathology classification of bladder cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to calculate the cut-off value for early diagnosis of bladder cancer, and rendered an optimum cut-off value of 3912.97 ng/mg corresponding to 91.96% sensitivity and 94.34% specificity. Moreover, a cut-off value with 7351.28 ng/mg was utilized to distinguish infiltrating urothelial carcinoma from bladder cancer patients corresponding to 91.89% sensitivity and 90.67% specificity. In conclusion, our findings suggested the elevated urinary ORM1 could be a useful biomarker for bladder cancer. Further research is warranted to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of elevated ORM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Yu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Pengliang Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Guangzheng Lin
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Tieqiu Li
- Department of Urology, Mawangdui Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial Research Institute of GeriatricsChangsha 410016, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Lina Hou
- Department of Healthy Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yuejun Du
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wanlong Tan
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong, P. R. China
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47
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Mouse Sphingosine Kinase 1a Is Negatively Regulated through Conventional PKC-Dependent Phosphorylation at S373 Residue. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143695. [PMID: 26642194 PMCID: PMC4671553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase is a lipid kinase that converts sphingosine into sphingosine-1-phosphate, an important signaling molecule with intracellular and extracellular functions. Although diverse extracellular stimuli influence cellular sphingosine kinase activity, the molecular mechanisms underlying its regulation remain to be clarified. In this study, we investigated the phosphorylation-dependent regulation of mouse sphingosine kinase (mSK) isoforms 1 and 2. mSK1a was robustly phosphorylated in response to extracellular stimuli such as phorbol ester, whereas mSK2 exhibited a high basal level of phosphorylation in quiescent cells regardless of agonist stimulation. Interestingly, phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of mSK1a correlated with suppression of its activity. Chemical inhibition of conventional PKCs (cPKCs) abolished mSK1a phosphorylation, while overexpression of PKCα, a cPKC isoform, potentiated the phosphorylation, in response to phorbol ester. Furthermore, an in vitro kinase assay showed that PKCα directly phosphorylated mSK1a. In addition, phosphopeptide mapping analysis determined that the S373 residue of mSK1a was the only site phosphorylated by cPKC. Interestingly, alanine substitution of S373 made mSK1a refractory to the inhibitory effect of phorbol esters, whereas glutamate substitution of the same residue resulted in a significant reduction in mSK1a activity, suggesting the significant role of this phosphorylation event. Taken together, we propose that mSK1a is negatively regulated through cPKC-dependent phosphorylation at S373 residue.
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48
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Nadolny C, Dong X. Liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1): a potential therapeutic target for cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:997-1004. [PMID: 25951367 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1045693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1) is a nuclear receptor involved in various biological processes. This nuclear receptor has critical functions in embryonic development as well as in adult homeostasis. Although the physiological functions of LRH-1 in normal breast, pancreas, and intestine have been widely investigated, the dysregulation that occurs during pathological conditions is not well understood. LRH-1 has been implicated in pancreatic, breast, and gastrointestinal cancer, where it exerts its effect of initiation and progression by promoting cell proliferation and metastasis. In addition to mechanistic studies, LRH-1 agonists and antagonists are being explored. Identification and development of endogenous and synthetic ligands has been pursued using computational-based structural analysis. Through ligand identification and a thorough understanding of the pathological roles of LRH-1, new therapeutic avenues for cancer treatment based upon LRH-1 may be a desirable focus for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Nadolny
- a Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Rhode Island ; Kingston , RI , USA
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49
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Li R, Bourcy K, Wang T, Sun M, Kang YJ. The involvement of vimentin in copper-induced regression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Metallomics 2015; 7:1331-7. [PMID: 26168186 DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00094g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Vimentin is critically involved in the VEGFR-1 mediated activation of the PKG-1 signaling pathway, leading to the regression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Katherine Bourcy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- University of Louisville School of Medicine
- Louisville, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Miao Sun
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Y. James Kang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
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50
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Zheng L, Han P, Liu J, Li R, Yin W, Wang T, Zhang W, Kang YJ. Role of copper in regression of cardiac hypertrophy. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 148:66-84. [PMID: 25476109 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pressure overload causes an accumulation of homocysteine in the heart, which is accompanied by copper depletion through the formation of copper-homocysteine complexes and the excretion of the complexes. Copper supplementation recovers cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) activity and promotes myocardial angiogenesis, along with the regression of cardiac hypertrophy and the recovery of cardiac contractile function. Increased copper availability is responsible for the recovery of CCO activity. Copper promoted expression of angiogenesis factors including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in endothelial cells is responsible for angiogenesis. VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) is critical for hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes and VEGFR-1 is essential for the regression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Copper, through promoting VEGF production and suppressing VEGFR-2, switches the VEGF signaling pathway from VEGFR-2-dependent to VEGFR-1-dependent, leading to the regression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Copper is also required for hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) transcriptional activity, acting on the interaction between HIF-1 and the hypoxia responsible element and the formation of HIF-1 transcriptional complex by inhibiting the factor inhibiting HIF-1. Therefore, therapeutic targets for copper supplementation-induced regression of cardiac hypertrophy include: (1) the recovery of copper availability for CCO and other critical cellular events; (2) the activation of HIF-1 transcriptional complex leading to the promotion of angiogenesis in the endothelial cells by VEGF and other factors; (3) the activation of VEGFR-1-dependent regression signaling pathway in the cardiomyocytes; and (4) the inhibition of VEGFR-2 through post-translational regulation in the hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. Future studies should focus on target-specific delivery of copper for the development of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Zheng
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Pengfei Han
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Rui Li
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Wen Yin
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Y James Kang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
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