1
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Lu KP, Zhou XZ. Pin1-catalyzed conformational regulation after phosphorylation: A distinct checkpoint in cell signaling and drug discovery. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eadi8743. [PMID: 38889227 PMCID: PMC11409840 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adi8743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is one of the most common mechanisms regulating cellular signaling pathways, and many kinases and phosphatases are proven drug targets. Upon phosphorylation, protein functions can be further regulated by the distinct isomerase Pin1 through cis-trans isomerization. Numerous protein targets and many important roles have now been elucidated for Pin1. However, no tools are available to detect or target cis and trans conformation events in cells. The development of Pin1 inhibitors and stereo- and phospho-specific antibodies has revealed that cis and trans conformations have distinct and often opposing cellular functions. Aberrant conformational changes due to the dysregulation of Pin1 can drive pathogenesis but can be effectively targeted in age-related diseases, including cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we review advances in understanding the roles of Pin1 signaling in health and disease and highlight conformational regulation as a distinct signal transduction checkpoint in disease development and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ping Lu
- Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Xiao Zhen Zhou
- Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada
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2
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Gurung D, Danielson JA, Tasnim A, Zhang JT, Zou Y, Liu JY. Proline Isomerization: From the Chemistry and Biology to Therapeutic Opportunities. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1008. [PMID: 37508437 PMCID: PMC10376262 DOI: 10.3390/biology12071008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Proline isomerization, the process of interconversion between the cis- and trans-forms of proline, is an important and unique post-translational modification that can affect protein folding and conformations, and ultimately regulate protein functions and biological pathways. Although impactful, the importance and prevalence of proline isomerization as a regulation mechanism in biological systems have not been fully understood or recognized. Aiming to fill gaps and bring new awareness, we attempt to provide a wholistic review on proline isomerization that firstly covers what proline isomerization is and the basic chemistry behind it. In this section, we vividly show that the cause of the unique ability of proline to adopt both cis- and trans-conformations in significant abundance is rooted from the steric hindrance of these two forms being similar, which is different from that in linear residues. We then discuss how proline isomerization was discovered historically followed by an introduction to all three types of proline isomerases and how proline isomerization plays a role in various cellular responses, such as cell cycle regulation, DNA damage repair, T-cell activation, and ion channel gating. We then explore various human diseases that have been linked to the dysregulation of proline isomerization. Finally, we wrap up with the current stage of various inhibitors developed to target proline isomerases as a strategy for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Gurung
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Jacob A Danielson
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Afsara Tasnim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Toledo College of Engineering, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Jian-Ting Zhang
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Yue Zou
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Jing-Yuan Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Toledo College of Engineering, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
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3
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Lone BA, Siraj F, Sharma I, Verma S, Karna SKL, Ahmad F, Nagar P, Sachidanandan C, Pokharel YR. Non-POU Domain-Containing Octomer-Binding (NONO) protein expression and stability promotes the tumorigenicity and activation of Akt/MAPK/β-catenin pathways in human breast cancer cells. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:157. [PMID: 37370134 PMCID: PMC10294335 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01179-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers with a high mortality rate, underscoring the need to identify new therapeutic targets. Here we report that non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding (NONO) protein is overexpressed in breast cancer and validated the interaction of the WW domain of PIN1 with c-terminal threonine-proline (thr-pro) motifs of NONO. The interaction of NONO with PIN1 increases the stability of NONO by inhibiting its proteasomal degradation, and this identifies PIN1 as a positive regulator of NONO in promoting breast tumor development. Functionally, silencing of NONO inhibits the growth, survival, migration, invasion, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), and stemness of breast cancer cells in vitro. A human metastatic breast cancer cell xenograft was established in transparent zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos to study the metastatic inability of NONO-silenced breast cancer cells in vivo. Mechanistically, NONO depletion promotes the expression of the PDL1 cell-surface protein in breast cancer cells. The identification of novel interactions of NONO with c-Jun and β-catenin proteins and activation of the Akt/MAPK/β-catenin signaling suggests that NONO is a novel regulator of Akt/MAPK/β-catenin signaling pathways. Taken together, our results indicated an essential role of NONO in the tumorigenicity of breast cancer and could be a potential target for anti-cancerous drugs. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Ahmad Lone
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Rajpur Road, Maidangarhi, New Delhi, 110068, India
| | - Fouzia Siraj
- National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, Room No.610, 6th Floor, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ira Sharma
- National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, Room No.610, 6th Floor, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Shweta Verma
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), New Delhi, 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Gaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shibendra Kumar Lal Karna
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Rajpur Road, Maidangarhi, New Delhi, 110068, India
| | - Faiz Ahmad
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Rajpur Road, Maidangarhi, New Delhi, 110068, India
| | - Preeti Nagar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Rajpur Road, Maidangarhi, New Delhi, 110068, India
| | - Chetana Sachidanandan
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), New Delhi, 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Gaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Yuba Raj Pokharel
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Rajpur Road, Maidangarhi, New Delhi, 110068, India.
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4
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In silico design of novel PIN1 inhibitors by combined of 3D-QSAR, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation and ADMET studies. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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5
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Liu Y, Yu F, Dai S, Meng T, Zhu Y, Qiu G, Wen L, Zhou X, Yuan H, Hu F. All-Trans Retinoic Acid and Doxorubicin Delivery by Folic Acid Modified Polymeric Micelles for the Modulation of Pin1-Mediated DOX-Induced Breast Cancer Stemness and Metastasis. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3966-3978. [PMID: 34579532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Stemness and metastasis are the two main challenges in cancer therapy and are related to disease relapse post-treatment. They both have a strong correlation with chemoresistance and poor prognosis, ultimately leading to treatment failure. It has been reported that chemotherapy can induce stemness and metastasis in many cancer types, especially treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX) in breast cancer. A combination treatment is an efficient and elegant approach in cancer therapy through simultaneous delivery of two or more drugs with a delivery system for its synergistic effect, which is not an additive of two individual drugs. Herein, we report a combinatorial system with DOX and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) to address both of the above issues. As a common critical regulatory factor for oncogenic signal transduction pathways, Pin1 is a specific isomerase highly expressed within various tumor cells. ATRA, a newly identified Pin1 inhibitor, can abolish several oncogenic pathways by effectively inhibiting and degrading overexpressed Pin1. We successfully developed a folic acid (FA)-modified chitosan (CSO)-derived polymer (FA-CSOSA) and obtained FA-CSOSA/DOX and FA-CSOSA/ATRA drug-loaded micelles. FA modification can improve the uptake of the nanoparticles in tumor cells and tumor sites via folate receptor-mediated cell internalization. Compared to treatment with DOX alone, the combined treatment induced 4T1 cell apoptosis in a synergistic manner. Reduced stemness-related protein expression and inhibited metastasis were observed during treatment with FA-CSOSA/DOX and FA-CSOSA/ATRA and were found to be associated with Pin1. Further in vivo experiments showed that treatment with FA-CSOSA/DOX and FA-CSOSA/ATRA resulted in 85.5% tumor inhibition, which was 2.5-fold greater than that of cells treated with DOX·HCl alone. This work presents a new paradigm for addressing chemotherapy-induced side effects via degradation of Pin1 induced by tumor-targeted delivery of DOX and ATRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangying Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Suhuan Dai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan 316021, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxi Qiu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Wen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 342700, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqing Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
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6
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Targeting Pin1 for Modulation of Cell Motility and Cancer Therapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040359. [PMID: 33807199 PMCID: PMC8065645 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (Pin1) specifically binds and isomerizes the phosphorylated serine/threonine-proline (pSer/Thr-Pro) motif, which leads to changes in protein conformation and function. Pin1 is widely overexpressed in cancers and plays an important role in tumorigenesis. Mounting evidence has revealed that targeting Pin1 is a potential therapeutic approach for various cancers by inhibiting cell proliferation, reducing metastasis, and maintaining genome stability. In this review, we summarize the underlying mechanisms of Pin1-mediated upregulation of oncogenes and downregulation of tumor suppressors in cancer development. Furthermore, we also discuss the multiple roles of Pin1 in cancer hallmarks and examine Pin1 as a desirable pharmaceutical target for cancer therapy. We also summarize the recent progress of Pin1-targeted small-molecule compounds for anticancer activity.
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7
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Mittal K, Kaur J, Jaczko M, Wei G, Toss MS, Rakha EA, Janssen EAM, Søiland H, Kucuk O, Reid MD, Gupta MV, Aneja R. Centrosome amplification: a quantifiable cancer cell trait with prognostic value in solid malignancies. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:319-339. [PMID: 33106971 PMCID: PMC7897259 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09937-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerical and/or structural centrosome amplification (CA) is a hallmark of cancers that is often associated with the aberrant tumor karyotypes and poor clinical outcomes. Mechanistically, CA compromises mitotic fidelity and leads to chromosome instability (CIN), which underlies tumor initiation and progression. Recent technological advances in microscopy and image analysis platforms have enabled better-than-ever detection and quantification of centrosomal aberrancies in cancer. Numerous studies have thenceforth correlated the presence and the degree of CA with indicators of poor prognosis such as higher tumor grade and ability to recur and metastasize. We have pioneered a novel semi-automated pipeline that integrates immunofluorescence confocal microscopy with digital image analysis to yield a quantitative centrosome amplification score (CAS), which is a summation of the severity and frequency of structural and numerical centrosome aberrations in tumor samples. Recent studies in breast cancer show that CA increases across the disease progression continuum, while normal breast tissue exhibited the lowest CA, followed by cancer-adjacent apparently normal, ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive tumors, which showed the highest CA. This finding strengthens the notion that CA could be evolutionarily favored and can promote tumor progression and metastasis. In this review, we discuss the prevalence, extent, and severity of CA in various solid cancer types, the utility of quantifying amplified centrosomes as an independent prognostic marker. We also highlight the clinical feasibility of a CA-based risk score for predicting recurrence, metastasis, and overall prognosis in patients with solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuna Mittal
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Meghan Jaczko
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Guanhao Wei
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Michael S Toss
- Department of Pathology, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Department of Pathology, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Håvard Søiland
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
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8
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Wang L, Zhou Y, Chen D, Lee TH. Peptidyl-Prolyl Cis/Trans Isomerase Pin1 and Alzheimer's Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:355. [PMID: 32500074 PMCID: PMC7243138 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia with cognitive decline. The neuropathology of AD is characterized by intracellular aggregation of neurofibrillary tangles consisting of hyperphosphorylated tau and extracellular deposition of senile plaques composed of beta-amyloid peptides derived from amyloid precursor protein (APP). The peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase Pin1 binds to phosphorylated serine or threonine residues preceding proline and regulates the biological functions of its substrates. Although Pin1 is tightly regulated under physiological conditions, Pin1 deregulation in the brain contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including AD. In this review, we discuss the expression and regulatory mechanisms of Pin1 in AD. We also focus on the molecular mechanisms by which Pin1 controls two major proteins, tau and APP, after phosphorylation and their signaling cascades. Moreover, the major impact of Pin1 deregulation on the progression of AD in animal models is discussed. This information will lead to a better understanding of Pin1 signaling pathways in the brain and may provide therapeutic options for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases of Fujian Provincial Universities and Colleges, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tae Ho Lee
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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9
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Yu JH, Im CY, Min SH. Function of PIN1 in Cancer Development and Its Inhibitors as Cancer Therapeutics. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:120. [PMID: 32258027 PMCID: PMC7089927 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PIN1) specifically binds and isomerizes the phosphorylated serine/threonine-proline (pSer/Thr-Pro) motif, which results in the alteration of protein structure, function, and stability. The altered structure and function of these phosphorylated proteins regulated by PIN1 are closely related to cancer development. PIN1 is highly expressed in human cancers and promotes cancer as well as cancer stem cells by breaking the balance of oncogenes and tumor suppressors. In this review, we discuss the roles of PIN1 in cancer and PIN1-targeted small-molecule compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Yu
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chun Young Im
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Min
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu, South Korea
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10
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Chen D, Wang L, Lee TH. Post-translational Modifications of the Peptidyl-Prolyl Isomerase Pin1. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:129. [PMID: 32195254 PMCID: PMC7064559 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) Pin1 is a unique enzyme that only binds to Ser/Thr-Pro peptide motifs after phosphorylation and regulates the conformational changes of the bond. The Pin1-catalyzed isomerization upon phosphorylation can have profound effects on substrate biological functions, including their activity, stability, assembly, and subcellular localization, affecting its role in intracellular signaling, transcription, and cell cycle progression. The functions of Pin1 are regulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs) in many biological processes, which include phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation and oxidation. Phosphorylation of different Pin1 sites regulates Pin1 enzymatic activity, binding ability, localization, and ubiquitination by different kinases under various cellular contexts. Moreover, SUMOylation and oxidation have been shown to downregulate Pin1 activity. Although Pin1 is tightly regulated under physiological conditions, deregulation of Pin1 PTMs contributes to the development of human diseases including cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, manipulating the PTMs of Pin1 may be a promising therapeutic option for treating various human diseases. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms of Pin1 regulation by PTMs and the major impact of Pin1 PTMs on the progression of cancer and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Long Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tae Ho Lee
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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11
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Chen D, Zhou XZ, Lee TH. Death-Associated Protein Kinase 1 as a Promising Drug Target in Cancer and Alzheimer's Disease. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2020; 14:144-157. [PMID: 30569876 PMCID: PMC6751350 DOI: 10.2174/1574892814666181218170257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Death-Associated Protein Kinase 1 (DAPK1) plays an important role in apopto-sis, tumor suppression and neurodegeneration including Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Objective: This review will describe the diverse roles of DAPK1 in the development of cancer and AD, and the current status of drug development targeting DAPK1-based therapies. Methods: Reports of DAPK1 regulation, function and substrates were analyzed using genetic DAPK1 manipulation and chemical DAPK1 modulators. Results: DAPK1 expression and activity are deregulated in cancer and AD. It is down-regulated and/or inactivated by multiple mechanisms in many human cancers, and elicits a protective effect to counteract numerous death stimuli in cancer, including activation of the master regulator Pin1. Moreover, loss of DAPK1 expression has correlated strongly with tumor recurrence and metastasis, suggesting that lack of sufficient functional DAPK1 might contribute to cancer. In contrast, DAPK1 is highly expressed in the brains of most human AD patients and has been identified as one of the genetic factors affecting suscepti-bility to late-onset AD. The absence of DAPK1 promotes efficient learning and better memory in mice and prevents the development of AD by acting on many key proteins including Pin1 and its downstream tar-gets tau and APP. Recent patents show that DAPK1 modulation might be used to treat both cancer and AD. Conclusion: DAPK1 plays a critical role in diverse physiological processes and importantly, its deregula-tion is implicated in the pathogenesis of either cancer or AD. Therefore, manipulating DAPK1 activity and/or expression may be a promising therapeutic option for cancer or AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Xiao Z Zhou
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Tae H Lee
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
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12
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13
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Russo Spena C, De Stefano L, Poli G, Granchi C, El Boustani M, Ecca F, Grassi G, Grassi M, Canzonieri V, Giordano A, Tuccinardi T, Caligiuri I, Rizzolio F. Virtual screening identifies a PIN1 inhibitor with possible antiovarian cancer effects. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15708-15716. [PMID: 30697729 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1) is a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase that binds phospho-Ser/Thr-Pro motifs in proteins and catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline peptide bonds. PIN1 is overexpressed in several cancers including high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Since few therapies are effective against this cancer, PIN1 could be a therapeutic target but effective PIN1 inhibitors are lacking. To identify molecules with in vivo inhibitory effects on PIN1, we used consensus docking to model existing PIN1-ligand X-ray structures and to screen a chemical database for candidate inhibitors. Ten molecules were selected and tested in cellular assays, leading to the identification of VS10 that bound and inhibited PIN1. VS10 treatment reduced the viability of ovarian cancer cell lines by inducing proteasomal PIN1 degradation, without effects on PIN1 transcription, and also reduced the levels of downstream targets β-catenin, cyclin D1, and pSer473-Akt. VS10 is a selective PIN1 inhibitor that may offer new opportunities for treating PIN1-overexpressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Russo Spena
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS CRO Aviano-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy.,Doctoral School in Chemistry, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucia De Stefano
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS CRO Aviano-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy.,Doctoral School in Chemistry, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulio Poli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Maguie El Boustani
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS CRO Aviano-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy.,Doctoral School in Molecular Biomedicine, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ecca
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, IRCCS CRO Aviano-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Gabriele Grassi
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mario Grassi
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Canzonieri
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS CRO Aviano-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy.,Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tiziano Tuccinardi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Isabella Caligiuri
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS CRO Aviano-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS CRO Aviano-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy.,Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
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14
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Khanal P, Yeung B, Zhao Y, Yang X. Identification of Prolyl isomerase Pin1 as a novel positive regulator of YAP/TAZ in breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6394. [PMID: 31015482 PMCID: PMC6478839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42767-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signalling pathway plays very important roles in tumorigenesis, metastasis, organ size control, and drug resistance. Although, it has been shown that the two major components of Hippo pathway, YAP and TAZ, play very crucial role in tumorigenesis and drug resistance, the exact molecular mechanisms are still unknown. Recently, we have shown that the prolyl isomerase Pin1 regulates the activity of Hippo pathway through interaction with Hippo component LATS kinase. Thus we asked if Pin1 is also able to interact with other Hippo pathway components. Therefore, in order to investigate whether Pin1 can interacts with other components of the Hippo pathway, we performed GST-pull down and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays and have identified two Hippo components YAP and TAZ oncoproteins as novel binding partner of Pin1. We found that Pin1 interacts with YAP/TAZ in a phosphorylation-independent manner and WW domain of Pin1 is necessary for this interaction. Moreover, by using real time qRT-PCR, Cycloheximide chase, luciferase reporter, cell viability and soft agar assays, we have shown that Pin1 increases the tumorigenic and drug-resistant activity of YAP/TAZ through stabilization of YAP/TAZ at protein levels. Together, we have identified Pin1 as a novel positive regulator of YAP/TAZ in tumorigenesis and drug resistance of breast cancer cells. These findings will provide a significant contribution for targeting the Pin1-YAP/TAZ signaling for the successful treatment of tumorigenesis and drug resistance of breast and other cancers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Khanal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Benjamin Yeung
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Yulei Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.
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15
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Yu S, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Yang H, Chen Y, Yang Y, Zhang Z. Subcellular localization of mutated β-catenins with different incidences of cis-peptide bonds at the Xaa246-P247 site in HepG2 cells. FASEB J 2019; 33:6574-6583. [PMID: 30807699 PMCID: PMC6497428 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801937rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mutations may ultimately change the local conformation of proteins; however, little attention has been paid to alterations in protein function caused by the incidence of cis-peptide bonds (ICPB) in mammalian cells. In this study, a statistical approach, coimmunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence staining have been used to confirm that S246→Y and S246→W missense mutations, which help increase the ICPB in Xaa246-P247 (Xaa is any amino acid) in human β-catenin, can reduce the interactions between β-catenin and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and between β-catenin and Ca2+-dependent cell adhesion molecule family in epithelial tissue (E-cadherin), eventually leading to increased nuclear migration of β-catenin in the HepG2 cell line (an immortalized cell line consisting of human liver carcinoma cells). Conversely, S246→L and S246→M missense mutations, which reduce the ICPB in Xaa246-P247 in human β-catenin, can enhance interactions between β-catenin and APC and between β-catenin and E-cadherin, leading to decreased nuclear migration of β-catenin. These results not only indicate that a change in the ICPB may be an important cause of functional protein changes but also provide a new basis for the study of genetic disease prediction, gene diagnosis, individualized treatment, and protein modification at the gene level for clinicians and other professionals.—Yu, S., Zhang, Y., Wu, Y., Yang, H., Chen, Y., Yang, Y., Zhang, Z. Subcellular localization of mutated β-catenins with different incidences of cis-peptide bonds at the Xaa246-P247 site in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Information Institute of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuyun Wu
- School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongying Yang
- School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingbin Yang
- School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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16
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Zannini A, Rustighi A, Campaner E, Del Sal G. Oncogenic Hijacking of the PIN1 Signaling Network. Front Oncol 2019; 9:94. [PMID: 30873382 PMCID: PMC6401644 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular choices are determined by developmental and environmental stimuli through integrated signal transduction pathways. These critically depend on attainment of proper activation levels that in turn rely on post-translational modifications (PTMs) of single pathway members. Among these PTMs, post-phosphorylation prolyl-isomerization mediated by PIN1 represents a unique mechanism of spatial, temporal and quantitative control of signal transduction. Indeed PIN1 was shown to be crucial for determining activation levels of several pathways and biological outcomes downstream to a plethora of stimuli. Of note, studies performed in different model organisms and humans have shown that hormonal, nutrient, and oncogenic stimuli simultaneously affect both PIN1 activity and the pathways that depend on PIN1-mediated prolyl-isomerization, suggesting the existence of evolutionarily conserved molecular circuitries centered on this isomerase. This review focuses on molecular mechanisms and cellular processes like proliferation, metabolism, and stem cell fate, that are regulated by PIN1 in physiological conditions, discussing how these are subverted in and hijacked by cancer cells. Current status and open questions regarding the use of PIN1 as biomarker and target for cancer therapy as well as clinical development of PIN1 inhibitors are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Zannini
- National Laboratory CIB, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rustighi
- National Laboratory CIB, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Giannino Del Sal
- National Laboratory CIB, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,IFOM - Istituto FIRC Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
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17
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Abstract
Cell cycle progression is tightly controlled by many cell cycle-regulatory proteins that are in turn regulated by a family of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) through protein phosphorylation. The peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase PIN1 provides a further post-phosphorylation modification and functional regulation of these CDK-phosphorylated proteins. PIN1 specifically binds the phosphorylated serine or threonine residue preceding a proline (pSer/Thr-Pro) motif of its target proteins and catalyzes the cis/trans isomerization on the pSer/Thr-Pro peptide bonds. Through this phosphorylation-dependent prolyl isomerization, PIN1 fine-tunes the functions of various cell cycle-regulatory proteins including retinoblastoma protein (Rb), cyclin D1, cyclin E, p27, Cdc25C, and Wee1. In this review, we discussed the essential roles of PIN1 in regulating cell cycle progression through modulating the functions of these cell cycle-regulatory proteins. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying PIN1 overexpression in cancers were also explored. Finally, we examined and summarized the therapeutic potential of PIN1 inhibitors in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wai Cheng
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Tse
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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18
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Chen X, Liu X, Deng B, Martinka M, Zhou Y, Lan X, Cheng Y. Cytoplasmic Pin1 expression is increased in human cutaneous melanoma and predicts poor prognosis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16867. [PMID: 30442923 PMCID: PMC6238011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The prolyl isomerase Pin1 is widely over-expressed or over-activated in cancers and promotes tumorigenesis. The authors investigated the expression level of Pin1 and analyzed the prognostic value of Pin1 expression using a large-scale melanoma tissue microarray study. Two independent sets of tissue microarrays were employed, including 114 melanoma cases in the discovery set and 424 in the validation set (538 cases in total), 32 normal nevi and 86 dysplastic nevi 118 cases of nevi. The subcellular Pin1 expression in different stages of melanocytic lesions and its prognostic significance were studied. High expression (IRS 0-8) of cytoplasmic Pin1 was observed in 3.13%, 8.33%, 16.49% and 22.76% of the biopsies in normal nevi, dysplastic nevi, primary melanoma and metastatic melanoma, respectively. Significant differences for cytoplasmic Pin1 staining were observed between normal nevi and metastatic melanoma (P = 0.011, χ2 test), between dysplastic nevi and primary melanoma (P = 0.046, χ2 test) and between dysplastic nevi and metastatic melanoma (P = 0.016, χ2 test). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that increased cytoplasmic Pin1 expression was associated with a worse 5-year melanoma-specific survival of melanoma (P < 0.001) and metastatic melanoma patients (P = 0.004). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that cytoplasmic Pin1 expression is an independent prognostic factor in melanoma. Our data indicate that cytoplasmic Pin1 plays an important role in melanoma pathogenesis and progression, and serve as a potential prognostic marker for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Institute for laboratory Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of General Dentistry, The 174th Hospital of Chinese PLA (Chenggong Hospital affiliated to Medical School of Xiamen University), Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and Center for Stress Signaling Networks, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Magdalena Martinka
- Department of Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Youwen Zhou
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Xiaopeng Lan
- Institute for laboratory Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Yabin Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and Center for Stress Signaling Networks, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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19
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Schumann M, Malešević M, Hinze E, Mathea S, Meleshin M, Schutkowski M, Haehnel W, Schiene-Fischer C. Regulation of the Minichromosome Maintenance Protein 3 (MCM3) Chromatin Binding by the Prolyl Isomerase Pin1. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:5169-5181. [PMID: 30316783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Human Pin1 is a peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase with a unique preference for phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro substrate motifs. Here we report that MCM3 (minichromosome maintenance complex component 3) is a novel target of Pin1. MCM3 interacts directly with the WW domain of Pin1. Proline-directed phosphorylation of MCM3 at S112 and T722 are crucial for the interaction with Pin1. MCM3 as a subunit of the minichromosome maintenance heterocomplex MCM2-7 is part of the pre-replication complex responsible for replication licensing and is implicated in the formation of the replicative helicase during progression of replication. Our data suggest that Pin1 coordinates phosphorylation-dependently MCM3 loading onto chromatin and its unloading from chromatin, thereby mediating S phase control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schumann
- Department of Enzymology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Miroslav Malešević
- Max Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding Halle, Weinbergweg 22, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Erik Hinze
- Max Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding Halle, Weinbergweg 22, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Sebastian Mathea
- Max Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding Halle, Weinbergweg 22, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Marat Meleshin
- Department of Enzymology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Mike Schutkowski
- Department of Enzymology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Haehnel
- Institute of Biology II / Biochemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Schänzlestr. 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cordelia Schiene-Fischer
- Department of Enzymology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany.
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20
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Prolyl isomerase Pin1: a promoter of cancer and a target for therapy. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:883. [PMID: 30158600 PMCID: PMC6115400 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0844-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pin1 is the only known peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase (PPIase) that specifically recognizes and isomerizes the phosphorylated Serine/Threonine-Proline (pSer/Thr-Pro) motif. The Pin1-mediated structural transformation posttranslationally regulates the biofunctions of multiple proteins. Pin1 is involved in many cellular processes, the aberrance of which lead to both degenerative and neoplastic diseases. Pin1 is highly expressed in the majority of cancers and its deficiency significantly suppresses cancer progression. According to the ground-breaking summaries by Hanahan D and Weinberg RA, the hallmarks of cancer comprise ten biological capabilities. Multiple researches illuminated that Pin1 contributes to these aberrant behaviors of cancer via promoting various cancer-driving pathways. This review summarized the detailed mechanisms of Pin1 in different cancer capabilities and certain Pin1-targeted small-molecule compounds that exhibit anticancer activities, expecting to facilitate anticancer therapies by targeting Pin1.
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21
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Kozono S, Lin YM, Seo HS, Pinch B, Lian X, Qiu C, Herbert MK, Chen CH, Tan L, Gao ZJ, Massefski W, Doctor ZM, Jackson BP, Chen Y, Dhe-Paganon S, Lu KP, Zhou XZ. Arsenic targets Pin1 and cooperates with retinoic acid to inhibit cancer-driving pathways and tumor-initiating cells. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3069. [PMID: 30093655 PMCID: PMC6085299 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05402-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) combination safely cures fatal acute promyelocytic leukemia, but their mechanisms of action and efficacy are not fully understood. ATRA inhibits leukemia, breast, and liver cancer by targeting isomerase Pin1, a master regulator of oncogenic signaling networks. Here we show that ATO targets Pin1 and cooperates with ATRA to exert potent anticancer activity. ATO inhibits and degrades Pin1, and suppresses its oncogenic function by noncovalent binding to Pin1's active site. ATRA increases cellular ATO uptake through upregulating aquaporin-9. ATO and ATRA, at clinically safe doses, cooperatively ablate Pin1 to block numerous cancer-driving pathways and inhibit the growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells and tumor-initiating cells in cell and animal models including patient-derived orthotopic xenografts, like Pin1 knockout, which is substantiated by comprehensive protein and microRNA analyses. Thus, synergistic targeting of Pin1 by ATO and ATRA offers an attractive approach to combating breast and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kozono
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yu-Min Lin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Hyuk-Soo Seo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Benika Pinch
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Xiaolan Lian
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Chenxi Qiu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Megan K Herbert
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Chun-Hau Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Li Tan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ziang Jeff Gao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Walter Massefski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Zainab M Doctor
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Trace Element Analysis Lab, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Yuanzhong Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Sirano Dhe-Paganon
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kun Ping Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Xiao Zhen Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
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22
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Jusino S, Fernández-Padín FM, Saavedra HI. Centrosome aberrations and chromosome instability contribute to tumorigenesis and intra-tumor heterogeneity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 4. [PMID: 30381801 PMCID: PMC6205736 DOI: 10.20517/2394-4722.2018.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Centrosomes serve as the major microtubule organizing centers in cells and thereby contribute to cell shape, polarity, and motility. Also, centrosomes ensure equal chromosome segregation during mitosis. Centrosome aberrations arise when the centrosome cycle is deregulated, or as a result of cytokinesis failure. A long-standing postulate is that centrosome aberrations are involved in the initiation and progression of cancer. However, this notion has been a subject of controversy because until recently the relationship has been correlative. Recently, it was shown that numerical or structural centrosome aberrations can initiate tumors in certain tissues in mice, as well as invasion. Particularly, we will focus on centrosome amplification and chromosome instability as drivers of intra-tumor heterogeneity and their consequences in cancer. We will also discuss briefly the controversies surrounding this theory to highlight the fact that the role of both centrosome amplification and chromosome instability in cancer is highly context-dependent. Further, we will discuss single-cell sequencing as a novel technique to understand intra-tumor heterogeneity and some therapeutic approaches to target chromosome instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Jusino
- Basic Sciences Department, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR 00732, USA
| | - Fabiola M Fernández-Padín
- Basic Sciences Department, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR 00732, USA
| | - Harold I Saavedra
- Basic Sciences Department, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR 00732, USA
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23
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Kim SA, Choi HS, Ahn SG. Pin1 induces the ADP-induced migration of human dental pulp cells through P2Y1 stabilization. Oncotarget 2018; 7:85381-85392. [PMID: 27863418 PMCID: PMC5356743 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PIN1, which belongs to a family of prolyl isomerases, specifically binds to phosphorylated Ser/Thr-pro motifs to catalytically regulate the post-phosphorylation conformation of its substrates. This study aimed to investigate the importance of Pin1 expression in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) to understand the involvement of Pin1 in the regulation of P2Y1 and the activation of ADP-mediated P2Y1 signaling. This study found that the protein levels of P2Y1 gradually decreased after the onset of cell recovery following heat stress. Interestedly, hDPC migration significantly decreased during the recovery period. An in vitro study revealed that the silencing of PIN1 by siRNA or the pharmacologic inhibition of its activity decreased the migration of P2Y1 and P2Y1 expression in these cells. In addition, we found that Pin1 directly interacts with S252 of P2Y1 and that its binding stabilizes the P2Y1 protein to increase migration activity. These results strongly suggest that Pin1 mediates cell migration by stabilizing P2Y1 and that the Pin1/P2Y1 signaling pathways might serve as a novel mechanism of cell migration progression in hDPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-A Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - Hong Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Gun Ahn
- Department of Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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24
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Initiation of prolyl cis-trans isomerisation in the CDR-H3 loop of an antibody in response to antigen binding. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16964. [PMID: 29208911 PMCID: PMC5717248 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16766-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Proline cis-trans isomerisation is a regulatory mechanism used in a range of biological processes, and is related to various diseases such as Alzheimers disease and cancer. However, the details of the exact molecular mechanism by which it occurs are not known. Using X-ray crystallography, proline isomerisation has been shown to occur following formation of an antigen-antibody complex between the target epiregulin (EPR) and the antibody 9E5, at proline (Pro103), located in the third complementarity-determining region (CDR) of the heavy chain of 9E5. To obtain an accurate description of the pathway involved in cis-trans isomerisation in this system, we performed ten independent long molecular dynamics (MD) simulations starting at a stable transient bound structure obtained from many short binding MD simulations. As a result, we were able to describe the process by which cis-trans isomerisation is initiated, and suggest a catalysis mechanism for cis-trans isomerization in this antigen-antibody system. We found that Asp102, which is immediately adjacent to Pro103, rotates while changing its interacting partner residues in the light chain of 9E5, and at the same time EPR polar residues help to stabilise the intermediate states in the isomerisation process by interacting strongly with Asp102.
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25
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Prolyl isomerase PIN1 regulates the stability, transcriptional activity and oncogenic potential of BRD4. Oncogene 2017; 36:5177-5188. [PMID: 28481868 PMCID: PMC5589477 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BRD4 has emerged as an important factor in tumorigenesis by promoting the transcription of genes involved in cancer development. However, how BRD4 is regulated in cancer cells remains largely unknown. Here, we report that the stability and functions of BRD4 are positively regulated by prolyl-isomerase PIN1 in gastric cancer cells. PIN1 directly binds to phosphorylated threonine (T) 204 of BRD4 as revealed by peptide binding and crystallographic studies and enhances BRD4’s stability by inhibiting its ubiquitination. PIN1 also catalyses the isomerization of proline 205 of BRD4 and induces its conformational change, which promotes its interaction with CDK9 and increases BRD4’s transcriptional activity. Substitution of BRD4 with PIN1 binding-defective BRD4-T204A mutant in gastric cancer cells reduces BRD4’s stability, attenuates BRD4-mediated gene expression by impairing its interaction with CDK9, and suppresses gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and tumor formation. Our results identify BRD4 as a new target of PIN1 and suggest that interfering with their interaction could be a potential therapeutic approach for cancer treatment.
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26
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Dynamic regulation of Pin1 expression and function during zebrafish development. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175939. [PMID: 28426725 PMCID: PMC5398671 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prolyl isomerase Pin1 plays a key role in the modulation of proline-directed phosphorylation signaling by inducing local conformational changes in phosphorylated protein substrates. Extensive studies showed different roles for Pin1 in physiological processes and pathological conditions such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. However, there are still several unanswered questions regarding its biological role. Notably, despite evidences from cultured cells showing that Pin1 expression and activity may be regulated by different mechanisms, little is known on their relevance in vivo. Using Danio rerio (zebrafish) as a vertebrate model organism we showed that pin1 expression is regulated during embryogenesis to achieve specific mRNA and protein distribution patterns. Moreover, we found different subcellular distribution in particular stages and cell types and we extended the study of Pin1 expression to the adult zebrafish brain. The analysis of Pin1 overexpression showed alterations on zebrafish development and the presence of p53-dependent apoptosis. Collectively, our results suggest that specific mechanisms are operated in different cell types to regulate Pin1 function.
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Prognostic value of CA20, a score based on centrosome amplification-associated genes, in breast tumors. Sci Rep 2017; 7:262. [PMID: 28325915 PMCID: PMC5428291 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00363-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrosome amplification (CA) is a hallmark of cancer, observable in ≥75% of breast tumors. CA drives aggressive cellular phenotypes such as chromosomal instability (CIN) and invasiveness. Thus, assessment of CA may offer insights into the prognosis of breast cancer and identify patients who might benefit from centrosome declustering agents. However, it remains unclear whether CA is correlated with clinical outcomes after adjusting for confounding factors. To gain insights, we developed a signature, “CA20”, comprising centrosome structural genes and genes whose dysregulation is implicated in inducing CA. We found that CA20 was a significant independent predictor of worse survival in two large independent datasets after adjusting for potentially confounding factors. In multivariable analyses including both CA20 and CIN25 (a gene expression-based score that correlates with aneuploidy and has prognostic value in many types of cancer), only CA20 was significant, suggesting CA20 captures the risk-predictive information of CIN25 and offers information beyond it. CA20 correlated strongly with CIN25, so a high CA20 score may reflect tumors with high CIN and potentially other aggressive features that may require more aggressive treatment. Finally, we identified processes and pathways differing between CA20-low and high groups that may be valuable therapeutic targets.
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28
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Cheng CW, Leong KW, Tse E. Understanding the role of PIN1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:9921-9932. [PMID: 28018099 PMCID: PMC5143759 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i45.9921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PIN1 is a peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase that binds and catalyses isomerization of the specific motif comprising a phosphorylated serine or threonine residue preceding a proline (pSer/Thr-Pro) in proteins. PIN1 can therefore induce conformational and functional changes of its interacting proteins that are regulated by proline-directed serine/threonine phosphorylation. Through this phosphorylation-dependent prolyl isomerization, PIN1 fine-tunes the functions of key phosphoproteins (e.g., cyclin D1, survivin, β-catenin and x-protein of hepatitis B virus) that are involved in the regulation of cell cycle progression, apoptosis, proliferation and oncogenic transformation. PIN1 has been found to be over-expressed in many cancers, including human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been shown previously that overexpression of PIN1 contributes to the development of HCC in-vitro and in xenograft mouse model. In this review, we first discussed the aberrant transcription factor expression, miRNAs dysregulation, PIN1 gene promoter polymorphisms and phosphorylation of PIN1 as potential mechanisms underlying PIN1 overexpression in cancers. Furthermore, we also examined the role of PIN1 in HCC tumourigenesis by reviewing the interactions between PIN1 and various cellular and viral proteins that are involved in β-catenin, NOTCH, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways, apoptosis, angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Finally, the potential of PIN1 inhibitors as an anti-cancer therapy was explored and discussed.
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29
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Rustighi A, Zannini A, Campaner E, Ciani Y, Piazza S, Del Sal G. PIN1 in breast development and cancer: a clinical perspective. Cell Death Differ 2016; 24:200-211. [PMID: 27834957 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammary gland development, various stages of mammary tumorigenesis and breast cancer progression have the peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase PIN1 at their centerpiece, in virtue of the ability of this unique enzyme to fine-tune the dynamic crosstalk between multiple molecular pathways. PIN1 exerts its action by inducing conformational and functional changes on key cellular proteins, following proline-directed phosphorylation. Through this post-phosphorylation signal transduction mechanism, PIN1 controls the extent and direction of the cellular response to a variety of inputs, in physiology and disease. This review discusses PIN1's roles in normal mammary development and cancerous progression, as well as the clinical impact of targeting this enzyme in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Rustighi
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zannini
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, Trieste 34149, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Weiss 2, Trieste 34128, Italy
| | - Elena Campaner
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, Trieste 34149, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Weiss 2, Trieste 34128, Italy
| | - Yari Ciani
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Silvano Piazza
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, Trieste 34149, Italy.,Bioinformatics Core Facility, Centre for Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 18, 38123, Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - Giannino Del Sal
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, Trieste 34149, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Weiss 2, Trieste 34128, Italy
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30
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The role of Pin1 in the development and treatment of cancer. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:1609-1620. [PMID: 27572155 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0821-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation and post-phosphorylation events regulate many cellular signaling pathways. Peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (Pin1) is the only peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase that interacts with numerous oncogenic or tumor suppressive phosphorylated proteins, causes conformational changes in target proteins, and eventually regulates the activities of such proteins. These alterations in activity play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis. Since Pin1 is overexpressed and/or activated in various types of cancers, and the dysregulation of proline-directed phosphorylation contributes to tumorigenesis, Pin1 represents an attractive target for cancer therapy. This review will describe the role of Pin1 in cancer and the current status of Pin1 inhibitor development.
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31
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Abstract
Targeted drugs have changed cancer treatment but are often ineffective in the long term against solid tumours, largely because of the activation of heterogeneous oncogenic pathways. A central common signalling mechanism in many of these pathways is proline-directed phosphorylation, which is regulated by many kinases and phosphatases. The structure and function of these phosphorylated proteins are further controlled by a single proline isomerase: PIN1. PIN1 is overactivated in cancers and it promotes cancer and cancer stem cells by disrupting the balance of oncogenes and tumour suppressors. This Review discusses the roles of PIN1 in cancer and the potential of PIN1 inhibitors to restore this balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhen Zhou
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Kun Ping Lu
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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32
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Shin HR, Islam R, Yoon WJ, Lee T, Cho YD, Bae HS, Kim BS, Woo KM, Baek JH, Ryoo HM. Pin1-mediated Modification Prolongs the Nuclear Retention of β-Catenin in Wnt3a-induced Osteoblast Differentiation. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:5555-5565. [PMID: 26740630 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.698563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The canonical Wnt signaling pathway, in which β-catenin nuclear localization is a crucial step, plays an important role in osteoblast differentiation. Pin1, a prolyl isomerase, is also known as a key enzyme in osteogenesis. However, the role of Pin1 in canonical Wnt signal-induced osteoblast differentiation is poorly understood. We found that Pin1 deficiency caused osteopenia and reduction of β-catenin in bone lining cells. Similarly, Pin1 knockdown or treatment with Pin1 inhibitors strongly decreased the nuclear β-catenin level, TOP flash activity, and expression of bone marker genes induced by canonical Wnt activation and vice versa in Pin1 overexpression. Pin1 interacts directly with and isomerizes β-catenin in the nucleus. The isomerized β-catenin could not bind to nuclear adenomatous polyposis coli, which drives β-catenin out of the nucleus for proteasomal degradation, which consequently increases the retention of β-catenin in the nucleus and might explain the decrease of β-catenin ubiquitination. These results indicate that Pin1 could be a critical target to modulate β-catenin-mediated osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Rim Shin
- From the Departments of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, and
| | - Rabia Islam
- From the Departments of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, and
| | - Won-Joon Yoon
- From the Departments of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, and
| | - Taegyung Lee
- From the Departments of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, and
| | - Young-Dan Cho
- From the Departments of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, and; Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-749, Korea
| | - Han-Sol Bae
- From the Departments of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, and
| | - Bong-Su Kim
- From the Departments of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, and
| | - Kyung-Mi Woo
- From the Departments of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, and
| | - Jeong-Hwa Baek
- From the Departments of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, and
| | - Hyun-Mo Ryoo
- From the Departments of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, and.
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33
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Zhao X, Ji J, Yu LR, Veenstra T, Wang XW. Cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation of nucleophosmin and its potential regulation by peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOCHEMISTRY 2015; 4:95-103. [PMID: 27099843 PMCID: PMC4834723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nucleophosmin (NPM) is a ubiquitously expressed phosphoprotein involved in many cellular processes. Phosphorylation is considered the major regulatory mechanism of the NPM protein, associated with diverse cellular events. In this study, we characterized the phosphorylation status of several physiological phosphorylation sites of NPM, especially the newly confirmed in vivo site threonine 95 (Thr95). NPM-Thr95 exhibits a transient and cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation state compared to several other in vivo phosphorylation sites examined, including Ser4, Thr199 and Thr234/Thr237. In addition, we characterized a functional interaction between NPM and the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1, which specifically bind to each other during mitosis. The demonstration of this binding represents a novel post-phosphorylation regulatory mechanism for NPM that has not been investigated before. Mutated Pin1 putative binding sites result in defected cell division and reduced number of mitotic cells, suggesting that post-phosphorylation is important for NPM in regulating cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Zhao
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Junfang Ji
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Li-Rong Yu
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, SAIC-Frederick, Inc. Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 20702
| | - Timothy Veenstra
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, SAIC-Frederick, Inc. Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 20702
| | - Xin Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
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34
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Shi M, Chen L, Ji J, Cai Q, Yu Y, Liu B, Zhu Z, Zhang J. Pin1 is overexpressed and correlates with poor prognosis in gastric cancer. Cell Biochem Biophys 2015; 71:857-64. [PMID: 25280783 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-0274-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The prolyl isomerase Pin1, which isomerizes the p-Ser/Thr-Pro peptide bonds and effects conformational and functional changes of the bound proteins, has been identified as a regulator of phosphorylation signaling in several diseases including cancer. The aim of this study is to determine the expression status of Pin1 in gastric cancer, its relationship between clinicopathologic features and patients' outcome. The mRNA levels of Pin1 in human normal and gastric cancer tissues were analyzed using the datasets from the publicly available Oncomine database ( www.oncomine.org ). Pin1 protein levels in human gastric cancer cells and tissues were analyzed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry staining, respectively. The Pin1 protein expression levels and its clinicopathologic correlations were investigated using tumor tissue microarray including 182 cases of human gastric cancer samples with survival information. Pin1 mRNA expression was found to be overexpressed in gastric cancer by using several datasets of Oncomine database analyzing. Pin1 protein expression is higher in 10 gastric cancer cell lines than that in normal gastric epithelial cell line GES-1. Pin1 positive expression was observed in 109 of 182 (59.9 %) gastric cancer samples and in 55 of 182 (30.2 %) normal gastric tissues (P < 0.001). Correlation analysis showed that high expression of Pin1 was significantly associated with pT (P = 0.017), pN (P = 0.043), TNM staging (P = 0.027), Lauren's classification (P < 0.001), as well as shorter overall survival in gastric cancer patients (29 mos vs. 47 mos. P = 0.048). Moreover, Pin1 expression, pT, and differentiation were independent prognostic factors of gastric cancer in Cox regression analysis. Pin1 is overexpressed in gastric cancer and correlates with clinicopathologic features, which might predict poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shi
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
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35
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Zhan YA, Ytreberg FM. The cis conformation of proline leads to weaker binding of a p53 peptide to MDM2 compared to trans. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 575:22-9. [PMID: 25840370 PMCID: PMC5444545 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The cis and trans conformations of the Xaa-Pro (Xaa: any amino acid) peptide bond are thermodynamically stable while other peptide bonds strongly prefer trans. The effect of proline cis-trans isomerization on protein binding has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, computer simulations were used to calculate the absolute binding affinity for a p53 peptide (residues 17-29) to MDM2 for both cis and trans isomers of the p53 proline in position 27. Results show that the cis isomer of p53(17-29) binds more weakly to MDM2 than the trans isomer, and that this is primarily due to the difference in the free energy cost associated with the loss of conformational entropy of p53(17-29) when it binds to MDM2. The population of cis p53(17-29) was estimated to be 0.8% of the total population in the bound state. The stronger binding of trans p53(17-29) to MDM2 compared to cis may leave a minimal level of p53 available to respond to cellular stress. This study demonstrates that it is feasible to estimate the absolute binding affinity for an intrinsically disordered protein fragment binding to an ordered protein that are in good agreement with experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqian Ada Zhan
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - F Marty Ytreberg
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States; Department of Physics, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States.
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36
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Wei S, Kozono S, Kats L, Nechama M, Li W, Guarnerio J, Luo M, You MH, Yao Y, Kondo A, Hu H, Bozkurt G, Moerke NJ, Cao S, Reschke M, Chen CH, Rego EM, LoCoco F, Cantley L, Lee TH, Wu H, Zhang Y, Pandolfi PP, Zhou XZ, Lu KP. Active Pin1 is a key target of all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia and breast cancer. Nat Med 2015; 21:457-66. [PMID: 25849135 PMCID: PMC4425616 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A common key regulator of oncogenic signaling pathways in multiple tumor types is the unique isomerase Pin1. However, available Pin1 inhibitors lack the required specificity and potency for inhibiting Pin1 function in vivo. By using mechanism-based screening, here we find that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)--a therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) that is considered the first example of targeted therapy in cancer, but whose drug target remains elusive--inhibits and degrades active Pin1 selectively in cancer cells by directly binding to the substrate phosphate- and proline-binding pockets in the Pin1 active site. ATRA-induced Pin1 ablation degrades the protein encoded by the fusion oncogene PML-RARA and treats APL in APL cell and animal models as well as in human patients. ATRA-induced Pin1 ablation also potently inhibits triple-negative breast cancer cell growth in human cells and in animal models by acting on many Pin1 substrate oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Thus, ATRA simultaneously blocks multiple Pin1-regulated cancer-driving pathways, an attractive property for treating aggressive and drug-resistant tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Catalysis
- Catalytic Domain
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/metabolism
- MCF-7 Cells
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Knockout
- NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/genetics
- Phosphates/chemistry
- Phosphorylation
- Proline/chemistry
- Tretinoin/metabolism
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wei
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shingo Kozono
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lev Kats
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Morris Nechama
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wenzong Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jlenia Guarnerio
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manli Luo
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mi-Hyeon You
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yandan Yao
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Asami Kondo
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hai Hu
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gunes Bozkurt
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nathan J. Moerke
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shugeng Cao
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Markus Reschke
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chun-Hau Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eduardo M. Rego
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Francesco LoCoco
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University and Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Lewis Cantley
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tae Ho Lee
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Pier Paolo Pandolfi
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiao Zhen Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kun Ping Lu
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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37
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Lin CH, Li HY, Lee YC, Calkins MJ, Lee KH, Yang CN, Lu PJ. Landscape of Pin1 in the cell cycle. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:403-8. [PMID: 25662955 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215570829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pin1 is a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase which plays a critical role in many diseases including cancer and Alzheimer's disease. The essential role of Pin1 is to affect stability, localization or function of phosphoproteins by catalyzing structural changes. Among the collection of Pin1 substrates, many have been shown to be involved in regulating cell cycle progression. The cell cycle disorder caused by dysregulation of these substrates is believed to be a common phenomenon in cancer. A number of recent studies have revealed possible functions of several important Pin1-binding cell cycle regulators. Investigating the involvement of Pin1 in the cell cycle may assist in the development of future cancer therapeutics. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding the network of Pin1 substrates and Pin1 regulators in cell cycle progression. In G1/S progression, cyclin D1, RB, p53, p27, and cyclin E are all well-known cell cycle regulators that are modulated by Pin1. During G2/M transition, our lab has shown that Aurora A suppresses Pin1 activity through phosphorylation at Ser16 and cooperates with hBora to modulate G2/M transition. We conclude that Pin1 may be thought of as a molecular timer which modulates cell cycle progression networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Han Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yi Li
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Marcus J Calkins
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Haur Lee
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ning Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National University of Kaohsiung, 811, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jung Lu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
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38
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KSHV reactivation and novel implications of protein isomerization on lytic switch control. Viruses 2015; 7:72-109. [PMID: 25588053 PMCID: PMC4306829 DOI: 10.3390/v7010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) oncogenesis, both latency and reactivation are hypothesized to potentiate tumor growth. The KSHV Rta protein is the lytic switch for reactivation. Rta transactivates essential genes via interactions with cofactors such as the cellular RBP-Jk and Oct-1 proteins, and the viral Mta protein. Given that robust viral reactivation would facilitate antiviral responses and culminate in host cell lysis, regulation of Rta’s expression and function is a major determinant of the latent-lytic balance and the fate of infected cells. Our lab recently showed that Rta transactivation requires the cellular peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase Pin1. Our data suggest that proline‑directed phosphorylation regulates Rta by licensing binding to Pin1. Despite Pin1’s ability to stimulate Rta transactivation, unchecked Pin1 activity inhibited virus production. Dysregulation of Pin1 is implicated in human cancers, and KSHV is the latest virus known to co-opt Pin1 function. We propose that Pin1 is a molecular timer that can regulate the balance between viral lytic gene expression and host cell lysis. Intriguing scenarios for Pin1’s underlying activities, and the potential broader significance for isomerization of Rta and reactivation, are highlighted.
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Abstract
Proline-directed phosphorylation is a posttranslational modification that is instrumental in regulating signaling from the plasma membrane to the nucleus, and its dysregulation contributes to cancer development. Protein interacting with never in mitosis A1 (Pin1), which is overexpressed in many types of cancer, isomerizes specific phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro bonds in many substrate proteins, including glycolytic enzyme, protein kinases, protein phosphatases, methyltransferase, lipid kinase, ubiquitin E3 ligase, DNA endonuclease, RNA polymerase, and transcription activators and regulators. This Pin1-mediated isomerization alters the structures and activities of these proteins, thereby regulating cell metabolism, cell mobility, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, cell survival, apoptosis and tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Lu
- 1] Brain Tumor Center and Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA [2] Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA [3] Cancer Biology Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tony Hunter
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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40
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Pin1: a molecular orchestrator in the heart. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2014; 24:256-62. [PMID: 25070718 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pin1 is an evolutionarily conserved peptidyl-prolyl isomerase that binds and changes the three-dimensional conformation of specific phospho-proteins. By regulating protein structure and folding, Pin1 affects the stability, interaction, and activity of a broad spectrum of target proteins, thus impacting upon diverse cellular processes. This review discusses the pivotal role Pin1 plays in regulating cardiac pathophysiology by functioning as a "molecular orchestrator" of a myriad of signal transduction pathways in the heart.
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Luo ML, Gong C, Chen CH, Lee DY, Hu H, Huang P, Yao Y, Guo W, Reinhardt F, Wulf G, Lieberman J, Zhou XZ, Song E, Lu KP. Prolyl isomerase Pin1 acts downstream of miR200c to promote cancer stem-like cell traits in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2014; 74:3603-16. [PMID: 24786790 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-2785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer stem-like cells (BCSC) have been implicated in tumor growth, metastasis, drug resistance, and relapse but druggable targets in appropriate subsets of this cell population have yet to be identified. Here we identify a fundamental role for the prolyl isomerase Pin1 in driving BCSC expansion, invasiveness, and tumorigenicity, defining it as a key target of miR200c, which is known to be a critical regulator in BCSC. Pin1 overexpression expanded the growth and tumorigenicity of BCSC and triggered epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Conversely, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of Pin1 reduced the abundance and self-renewal activity of BCSC. Moreover, moderate overexpression of miR200c-resistant Pin1 rescued the BCSC defect in miR200c-expressing cells. Genetic deletion of Pin1 also decreased the abundance and repopulating capability of normal mouse mammary stem cells. In human cells, freshly isolated from reduction mammoplasty tissues, Pin1 overexpression endowed BCSC traits to normal breast epithelial cells, expanding both luminal and basal/myoepithelial lineages in these cells. In contrast, Pin1 silencing in primary breast cancer cells freshly isolated from clinical samples inhibited the expansion, self-renewal activity, and tumorigenesis of BCSC in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our work demonstrated that Pin1 is a pivotal regulator acting downstream of miR200c to drive BCSC and breast tumorigenicity, highlighting a new therapeutic target to eradicate BCSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Li Luo
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
| | - Chang Gong
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou; and
| | - Chun-Hau Chen
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
| | - Daniel Y Lee
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
| | - Hai Hu
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
| | - Pengyu Huang
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
| | - Yandan Yao
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
| | - Wenjun Guo
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ferenc Reinhardt
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Gerburg Wulf
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
| | - Judy Lieberman
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Xiao Zhen Zhou
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
| | - Erwei Song
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou; and
| | - Kun Ping Lu
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Institute for Translational Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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42
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Khanal P, Kim G, Lim SC, Yun HJ, Lee KY, Choi HK, Choi HS. Prolyl isomerase Pin1 negatively regulates the stability of SUV39H1 to promote tumorigenesis in breast cancer. FASEB J 2013; 27:4606-18. [PMID: 23934277 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-236851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pin1, a conserved eukaryotic peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase, has profound effects on numerous key-signaling molecules, and its deregulation contributes to disease, particularly cancer. Although Pin1-mediated prolyl isomerization of protein servers as a regulatory switch in signaling pathways, the significance of proline isomerase activity in chromatin modifying complex remains unclear. Here, we identify Pin1 as a key negative regulator for suppressor of variegation 3-9 homologue 1 (SUV39H1) stability, a major methyltransferase responsible for histone H3 trimethylation on Lys9 (H3K9me3). Pin1 interacts with SUV39H1 in a phosphorylation-dependent manner and promotes ubiquitination-mediated degradation of SUV39H1. Consequently, Pin1 reduces SUV39H1 abundance and suppresses SUV39H1 ability to induce H3K9me3. In contrast, depletion of Pin1 in cancer cells leads to elevated SUV39H1 expression, which subsequently increases H3K9me3, inhibiting tumorigenecity of cancer cells. In a xenograft model with 4T1 metastatic mouse breast carcinoma cells, Pin1 overexpression increases tumor growth, whereas SUV39H1 overexpression abrogates it. In human breast cancer patients, immunohistochemical staining shows that Pin1 levels are negatively correlated with SUV39H1 as well as H3K9me3 levels. Thus, Pin1-mediated reduction of SUV39H1 stability contributes to convey oncogenic signals for aggressiveness of human breast cancer, suggesting that Pin1 may be a promising drug target for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Khanal
- 2College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea.
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43
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Chen CH, Chang CC, Lee TH, Luo M, Huang P, Liao PH, Wei S, Li FA, Chen RH, Zhou XZ, Shih HM, Lu KP. SENP1 deSUMOylates and regulates Pin1 protein activity and cellular function. Cancer Res 2013; 73:3951-62. [PMID: 23633483 PMCID: PMC3818121 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-4360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The Pin1 prolyl isomerase regulates phosphorylation signaling by controlling protein conformation after phosphorylation, and its upregulation promotes oncogenesis via acting on numerous oncogenic molecules. SUMOylation and deSUMOylation are dynamic mechanisms regulating a spectrum of protein activities. The SUMO proteases (SENP) remove SUMO conjugate from proteins, and their expression is deregulated in cancers. However, nothing is known about the role of SUMOylation in regulating Pin1 function. Here, we show that Pin1 is SUMOylated on Lys6 in the WW domain and on Lys63 in the PPIase domain. Pin1 SUMOylation inhibits its protein activity and oncogenic function. We further identify that SENP1 binds to and deSUMOylates Pin1. Importantly, either overexpression of SENP1 or disruption of Pin1 SUMOylation promotes the ability of Pin1 to induce centrosome amplification and cell transformation. Moreover, SENP1 also increases Pin1 protein stability in cell cultures, and Pin1 levels are positively correlated with SENP1 levels in human breast cancer specimens. These results not only uncover Pin1 SUMOylation on Lys6/63 as a novel mechanism to inhibit its activity and function but also identify a critical role for SENP1-mediated deSUMOylation in promoting Pin1 function during tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hau Chen
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Che-Chang Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tae Ho Lee
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - ManLi Luo
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Pengyu Huang
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Pei-Hsin Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shuo Wei
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Fu-An Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Hwa Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Xiao Zhen Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hsiu-Ming Shih
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kun Ping Lu
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Craveur P, Joseph AP, Poulain P, de Brevern AG, Rebehmed J. Cis-trans isomerization of omega dihedrals in proteins. Amino Acids 2013; 45:279-89. [PMID: 23728840 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1511-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Peptide bonds in protein structures are mainly found in trans conformation with a torsion angle ω close to 180°. Only a very low proportion is observed in cis conformation with ω angle around 0°. Cis-trans isomerization leads to local conformation changes which play an important role in many biological processes. In this paper, we reviewed the recent discoveries and research achievements in this field. First, we presented some interesting cases of biological processes in which cis-trans isomerization is directly implicated. It is involved in protein folding and various aspect of protein function like dimerization interfaces, autoinhibition control, channel gating, membrane binding. Then we reviewed conservation studies of cis peptide bonds which emphasized evolution constraints in term of sequence and local conformation. Finally we made an overview of the numerous molecular dynamics studies and prediction methodologies already developed to take into account this structural feature in the research area of protein modeling. Many cis peptide bonds have not been recognized as such due to the limited resolution of the data and to the refinement protocol used. Cis-trans proline isomerization reactions represents a vast and promising research area that still needs to be further explored for a better understanding of isomerization mechanism and improvement of cis peptide bond predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierrick Craveur
- INSERM UMR-S 665, Dynamique des Structures et Interactions des Macromolécules Biologiques, Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, INTS, 6, rue Alexandre Cabanel, 75739 Paris cedex 15, France
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45
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Pin1 interacts with the Epstein-Barr virus DNA polymerase catalytic subunit and regulates viral DNA replication. J Virol 2012; 87:2120-7. [PMID: 23221557 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02634-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (Pin1) protein is known as a regulator which recognizes phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro motifs and increases the rate of cis and trans amide isomer interconversion, thereby altering the conformation of its substrates. We found that Pin1 knockdown using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) technology resulted in strong suppression of productive Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA replication. We further identified the EBV DNA polymerase catalytic subunit, BALF5, as a Pin1 substrate in glutathione S-transferase (GST) pulldown and immunoprecipitation assays. Lambda protein phosphatase treatment abolished the binding of BALF5 to Pin1, and mutation analysis of BALF5 revealed that replacement of the Thr178 residue by Ala (BALF5 T178A) disrupted the interaction with Pin1. To further test the effects of Pin1 in the context of virus infection, we constructed a BALF5-deficient recombinant virus. Exogenous supply of wild-type BALF5 in HEK293 cells with knockout recombinant EBV allowed efficient synthesis of viral genome DNA, but BALF5 T178A could not provide support as efficiently as wild-type BALF5. In conclusion, we found that EBV DNA polymerase BALF5 subunit interacts with Pin1 through BALF5 Thr178 in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Pin1 might modulate EBV DNA polymerase conformation for efficient, productive viral DNA replication.
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46
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Vöhringer-Martinez E, Duarte F, Toro-Labbé A. How Does Pin1 Catalyze the Cis–Trans Prolyl Peptide Bond Isomerization? A QM/MM and Mean Reaction Force Study. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:12972-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp307946h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Laboratorio de Química
Teórica Computacional (QTC), Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago,
Chile
| | - Alejandro Toro-Labbé
- Laboratorio de Química
Teórica Computacional (QTC), Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago,
Chile
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47
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Anderhub SJ, Krämer A, Maier B. Centrosome amplification in tumorigenesis. Cancer Lett 2012; 322:8-17. [PMID: 22342684 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Anderhub
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology, German Cancer Research Center, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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48
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Bidoia C. Human T-lymphotropic virus proteins and post-translational modification pathways. World J Virol 2012; 1:115-30. [PMID: 24175216 PMCID: PMC3782272 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v1.i4.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell life from the cell cycle to the signaling transduction and response to stimuli is finely tuned by protein post-translational modifications (PTMs). PTMs alter the conformation, the stability, the localization, and hence the pattern of interactions of the targeted protein. Cell pathways involve the activation of enzymes, like kinases, ligases and transferases, that, once activated, act on many proteins simultaneously, altering the state of the cell and triggering the processes they are involved in. Viruses enter a balanced system and hijack the cell, exploiting the potential of PTMs either to activate viral encoded proteins or to alter cellular pathways, with the ultimate consequence to perpetuate through their replication. Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is known to be highly oncogenic and associates with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis and other inflammatory pathological conditions. HTLV-1 protein activity is controlled by PTMs and, in turn, viral activity is associated with the modulation of cellular pathways based on PTMs. More knowledge is acquired about the PTMs involved in the activation of its proteins, like Tax, Rex, p12, p13, p30, HTLV-I basic leucine zipper factor and Gag. However, more has to be understood at the biochemical level in order to counteract the associated fatal outcomes. This review will focus on known PTMs that directly modify HTLV-1 components and on enzymes whose activity is modulated by viral proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Bidoia
- Carlo Bidoia, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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49
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Rangasamy V, Mishra R, Sondarva G, Das S, Lee TH, Bakowska JC, Tzivion G, Malter JS, Rana B, Lu KP, Kanthasamy A, Rana A. Mixed-lineage kinase 3 phosphorylates prolyl-isomerase Pin1 to regulate its nuclear translocation and cellular function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:8149-54. [PMID: 22566623 PMCID: PMC3361382 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1200804109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear protein peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1-mediated prolyl isomerization is an essential and novel regulatory mechanism for protein phosphorylation. Therefore, tight regulation of Pin1 localization and catalytic activity is crucial for its normal nuclear functions. Pin1 is commonly dysregulated during oncogenesis and likely contributes to these pathologies; however, the mechanism(s) by which Pin1 catalytic activity and nuclear localization are increased is unknown. Here we demonstrate that mixed-lineage kinase 3 (MLK3), a MAP3K family member, phosphorylates Pin1 on a Ser138 site to increase its catalytic activity and nuclear translocation. This phosphorylation event drives the cell cycle and promotes cyclin D1 stability and centrosome amplification. Notably, Pin1 pSer138 is significantly up-regulated in breast tumors and is localized in the nucleus. These findings collectively suggest that the MLK3-Pin1 signaling cascade plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle, centrosome numbers, and oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Subhasis Das
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics and
| | - Tae Ho Lee
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | | | - Guri Tzivion
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216
| | - James S. Malter
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Basabi Rana
- Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153
- Hines Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Hines, IL 60141; and
| | - Kun Ping Lu
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Anumantha Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Ajay Rana
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics and
- Hines Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Hines, IL 60141; and
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50
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Min SH, Lau AW, Lee TH, Inuzuka H, Wei S, Huang P, Shaik S, Lee DY, Finn G, Balastik M, Chen CH, Luo M, Tron AE, Decaprio JA, Zhou XZ, Wei W, Lu KP. Negative regulation of the stability and tumor suppressor function of Fbw7 by the Pin1 prolyl isomerase. Mol Cell 2012; 46:771-83. [PMID: 22608923 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2012.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 12/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Fbw7 is the substrate recognition component of the Skp1-Cullin-F-box (SCF)-type E3 ligase complex and a well-characterized tumor suppressor that targets numerous oncoproteins for destruction. Genomic deletion or mutation of FBW7 has been frequently found in various types of human cancers; however, little is known about the upstream signaling pathway(s) governing Fbw7 stability and cellular functions. Here we report that Fbw7 protein destruction and tumor suppressor function are negatively regulated by the prolyl isomerase Pin1. Pin1 interacts with Fbw7 in a phoshorylation-dependent manner and promotes Fbw7 self-ubiquitination and protein degradation by disrupting Fbw7 dimerization. Consequently, overexpressing Pin1 reduces Fbw7 abundance and suppresses Fbw7's ability to inhibit proliferation and transformation. By contrast, depletion of Pin1 in cancer cells leads to elevated Fbw7 expression, which subsequently reduces Mcl-1 abundance, sensitizing cancer cells to Taxol. Thus, Pin1-mediated inhibition of Fbw7 contributes to oncogenesis, and Pin1 may be a promising drug target for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyun Min
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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