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Kherdekar RS, Dixit A, Kothari A, Pandey KP, Advani H, Gaurav A, Omar BJ. Unusually isolated Staphylococcus arlettae in intra-oral sutures - Case series. Access Microbiol 2023; 5:acmi000555.v4. [PMID: 37691839 PMCID: PMC10484312 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000555.v4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The human oral cavity comprises various niches such as teeth, gingiva, tongue, soft and hard palate, and various dental prostheses, all inhabited by different bacterial species. Although more than 600 taxa belong to the oral cavity, identifying Staphylococcus arlettae , an incompletely understood bacterium, has been rare. Methods Three patients who underwent periodontal flap surgeries were reported with the incidental finding of S. arlettae associated with the intra-oral sutures placed. Environmental sampling was performed, to establish the exact source of this bacterium. Results Staphylococcus arlettae was isolated in three patients' intra-oral sutures. All environmental samples were negative for the presence of the bacterium. Conclusion . To this date, no studies have identified such an occurrence of Staphylococcus arlettae with intra-oral sutures. Its identification in association with foreign materials, such as sutures, can be considered a potential for surgical site infections and requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Sunil Kherdekar
- Department of Dentistry, Periodontics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh- 249203, India
| | - Ashutosh Dixit
- Department of Dentistry, Periodontics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh- 249203, India
| | - Ashish Kothari
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh-249203, India
| | - Kamal Prasad Pandey
- Department of Dentistry, Periodontics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh- 249203, India
| | - Hoshang Advani
- Department of Dentistry, Periodontics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh- 249203, India
| | - Amit Gaurav
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee-247667, India
| | - Balram Ji Omar
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh-249203, India
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Acharyya S, Saha S, Majumder S, Bhattacharya M. Characterization of a mercury tolerant strain of Staphylococcus arlettae from Darjeeling hills with an account of its antibiotic resistance pattern and metabolome. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:5745-5754. [PMID: 34494142 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02563-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a ubiquitous heavy metal grouped with the top ten most toxic pollutants affecting both human and environmental health. Consequently, mercury contamination due to anthropogenic interference has become a rising global concern. The bacterial strain MTD10A was isolated from soil samples collected over the Darjeeling hills. Heavy metal tolerance study conducted exhibited considerable tolerance to mercury by this bacterial isolate at unprecedented concentrations of up to 0.1 mg/mL of HgCl2. Biochemical characterization and molecular identification via 16S rRNA sequencing identified this highly tolerant bacteria as a strain of a Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus arlettae. This study also maps the resistance pattern of MTD10A against clinically relevant antibiotics and contains a broad assessment of the metabolomic profile of the bacteria achieved via GC-MS. Tolerance of MTD10A to such excessive levels of mercury shown in our study suggests the possibility of a promising candidate for bioremediation in heavily mercury contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Acharyya
- Molecular Biology and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Tea Science, University of North Bengal, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal, 734014, India
| | - Sumedha Saha
- Molecular Biology and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Tea Science, University of North Bengal, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal, 734014, India
| | - Soumya Majumder
- Molecular Biology and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Tea Science, University of North Bengal, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal, 734014, India
| | - Malay Bhattacharya
- Molecular Biology and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Tea Science, University of North Bengal, Dist. Darjeeling, Siliguri, West Bengal, 734014, India.
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Lavecchia A, Chiara M, De Virgilio C, Manzari C, Pazzani C, Horner D, Pesole G, Placido A. Comparative Genomics Suggests a Taxonomic Revision of the Staphylococcus cohnii Species Complex. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 13:6134082. [PMID: 33576800 PMCID: PMC8086632 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus cohnii (SC), a coagulase-negative bacterium, was first isolated in 1975 from human skin. Early phenotypic analyses led to the delineation of two subspecies (subsp.), Staphylococcus cohnii subsp. cohnii (SCC) and Staphylococcus cohnii subsp. urealyticus (SCU). SCC was considered to be specific to humans, whereas SCU apparently demonstrated a wider host range, from lower primates to humans. The type strains ATCC 29974 and ATCC 49330 have been designated for SCC and SCU, respectively. Comparative analysis of 66 complete genome sequences-including a novel SC isolate-revealed unexpected patterns within the SC complex, both in terms of genomic sequence identity and gene content, highlighting the presence of 3 phylogenetically distinct groups. Based on our observations, and on the current guidelines for taxonomic classification for bacterial species, we propose a revision of the SC species complex. We suggest that SCC and SCU should be regarded as two distinct species: SC and SU (Staphylococcus urealyticus), and that two distinct subspecies, SCC and SCB (SC subsp. barensis, represented by the novel strain isolated in Bari) should be recognized within SC. Furthermore, since large-scale comparative genomics studies recurrently suggest inconsistencies or conflicts in taxonomic assignments of bacterial species, we believe that the approach proposed here might be considered for more general application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lavecchia
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Matteo Chiara
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy.,Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina De Virgilio
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Caterina Manzari
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Pazzani
- Department of Biology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - David Horner
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy.,Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Graziano Pesole
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy.,Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie, Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonio Placido
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
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Staphylococcus arlettae Genomics: Novel Insights on Candidate Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Genes in an Emerging Opportunistic Pathogen. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7110580. [PMID: 31752379 PMCID: PMC6920755 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7110580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) are becoming increasingly recognized as an important cause of human and animal infections. Notwithstanding their clinical relevance, annotation of genes potentially involved in pathogenicity and/or antibiotic resistance in the CoNS species Staphylococcus arlettae (SAR) is currently very limited. In the current work we describe the genome of a novel methicillin resistant isolate of SAR, which we named Bari, and present a comprehensive analysis of predicted antibiotic resistance profiles and virulence determinants for all the 22 currently available SAR genomes. By comparing predicted antibiotic resistance and virulence-associated genes with those obtained from a manual selection of 148 bacterial strains belonging to 14 different species of staphylococci and to two “outgroup” species, Bacillus subtilis (BS) and Macrococcus caseoliticus (MC), we derived some interesting observations concerning the types and number of antibiotic resistance-related and virulence-like genes in SAR. Interestingly, almost 50% of the putative antibiotic resistance determinants identified in this work, which include the clinically relevant mec, van, and cls genes, were shared among all the SAR strains herein considered (Bari included). Moreover, comparison of predicted antibiotic resistance profiles suggest that SAR is closely related to well-known pathogenic Staphylococcus species, such as Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE). A similar analysis of predicted virulence factors, revealed that several genes associated with pathogenesis (including, for example, ica, nuc, and ssp), which are commonly found in the genomes of pathogenic staphylococci such as Staphylococcus haemolyticus (SH) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (SS), are observed also in the SAR strains for which a genomic sequence is available. All in all, we believe that the analyses presented in the current study, by providing a consistent and comprehensive annotation of virulence and antibiotic resistance-related genes in SAR, can constitute a valuable resource for the study of molecular mechanisms of opportunistic pathogenicity in this species.
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Complete Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus arlettae Strain P2, Isolated from a Laboratory Environment. Microbiol Resour Announc 2019; 8:8/45/e00696-19. [PMID: 31699754 PMCID: PMC6838612 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00696-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus arlettae is one coagulase-negative species in the bacterial genus Staphylococcus. Here, we describe the closed complete genome sequence of S. arlettae strain P2, which was obtained using a hybrid approach combining Oxford Nanopore long-read and Illumina MiSeq short-read sequencing data. Staphylococcus arlettae is one coagulase-negative species in the bacterial genus Staphylococcus. Here, we describe the closed complete genome sequence of S. arlettae strain P2, which was obtained using a hybrid approach combining Oxford Nanopore long-read and Illumina MiSeq short-read sequencing data.
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