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Anitua E, Murias-Freijo A, Tierno R, Tejero R, Alkhraisat MH. Assessing peri-implant bacterial community structure: the effect of microbiome sample collection method. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:1001. [PMID: 39187802 PMCID: PMC11348724 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04675-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral microbiota comprises polymicrobial communities shaped by mutualistic coevolution with the host, contributing to homeostasis and regulating immune function. Nevertheless, dysbiosis of oral bacterial communities is associated with a number of clinical symptoms that ranges from infections to oral cancer. Peri-implant diseases are biofilm-associated inflammatory conditions affecting the soft and hard tissues around dental implants. Characterization and identification of the biofilm community are essential for the understanding of the pathophysiology of such diseases. For that sampling methods should be representative of the biofilm communities Therefore, there is a need to know the effect of different sampling strategies on the biofilm characterization by next generation sequencing. METHODS With the aim of selecting an appropriate microbiome sampling procedure for periimplant biofilms, next generation sequencing was used for characterizing the bacterial communities obtained by three different sampling strategies two months after transepithelial abutment placement: adjacent periodontal crevicular fluid (ToCF), crevicular fluid from transepithelial abutment (TACF) and transepithelial abutment (TA). RESULTS Significant differences in multiple alpha diversity indices were detected at both the OTU and the genus level between different sampling procedures. Differentially abundant taxa were detected between sample collection strategies, including peri-implant health and disease related taxa. At the community level significant differences were also detected between TACF and TA and also between TA and ToCF. Moreover, differential network properties and association patterns were identified. CONCLUSIONS The selection of sample collection strategy can significantly affect the community composition and structure. TRIAL REGISTRATION This research is part of a randomized clinical trial that was designed to assess the effect of transepithelial abutment surface on the biofilm formation. The trial was registered at Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov under the number NCT03554876.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain.
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Jacinto Quincoces, 39, Vitoria (Álava), 01007, Spain.
| | - Alia Murias-Freijo
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Jacinto Quincoces, 39, Vitoria (Álava), 01007, Spain
- Biomedical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Roberto Tierno
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Jacinto Quincoces, 39, Vitoria (Álava), 01007, Spain
| | - Ricardo Tejero
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Jacinto Quincoces, 39, Vitoria (Álava), 01007, Spain
| | - Mohammad Hamdan Alkhraisat
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Jacinto Quincoces, 39, Vitoria (Álava), 01007, Spain
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Ng E, Tay JRH, Mattheos N, Bostanci N, Belibasakis GN, Seneviratne CJ. A Mapping Review of the Pathogenesis of Peri-Implantitis: The Biofilm-Mediated Inflammation and Bone Dysregulation (BIND) Hypothesis. Cells 2024; 13:315. [PMID: 38391928 PMCID: PMC10886485 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This mapping review highlights the need for a new paradigm in the understanding of peri-implantitis pathogenesis. The biofilm-mediated inflammation and bone dysregulation (BIND) hypothesis is proposed, focusing on the relationship between biofilm, inflammation, and bone biology. The close interactions between immune and bone cells are discussed, with multiple stable states likely existing between clinically observable definitions of peri-implant health and peri-implantitis. The framework presented aims to explain the transition from health to disease as a staged and incremental process, where multiple factors contribute to distinct steps towards a tipping point where disease is manifested clinically. These steps might be reached in different ways in different patients and may constitute highly individualised paths. Notably, factors affecting the underlying biology are identified in the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis, highlighting that disruptions to the host-microbe homeostasis at the implant-mucosa interface may not be the sole factor. An improved understanding of disease pathogenesis will allow for intervention on multiple levels and a personalised treatment approach. Further research areas are identified, such as the use of novel biomarkers to detect changes in macrophage polarisation and activation status, and bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Ng
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore;
| | - John Rong Hao Tay
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore;
| | - Nikos Mattheos
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Georgios N. Belibasakis
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-Facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore
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Delucchi F, Canepa C, Canullo L, Pesce P, Isola G, Menini M. Biomarkers from Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid (PICF) as Predictors of Peri-Implant Bone Loss: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043202. [PMID: 36834613 PMCID: PMC9966862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present systematic review is to summarize current knowledge regarding the analysis of biomarkers extracted from peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) as predictors of peri-implant bone loss (BL). An electronic search was conducted on three databases, PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, to find clinical trials published until 1 December 2022 suitable to answer the following focused question: in patients with dental implants, are biomarkers harvested from PICF predictive of peri-implant BL? The initial search yielded a total of 158 entries. After a full-text review and application of the eligibility criteria, the final selection consisted of nine articles. The risk of bias in included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools (JBI). According to the present systematic review, some inflammatory biomarkers harvested from PICF (collagenase-2, collagenase-3, ALP, EA, gelatinase b, NTx, procalcitonin, IL-1β, and several miRNAs) seem to be correlated with peri-implant BL and may assist in the early diagnosis of pathological BL, that characterizes peri-implantitis. MiRNA expression demonstrated a predictive potential of peri-implant BL that could be useful for host-targeted preventive and therapeutic purposes. PICF sampling may represent a promising, noninvasive, and repeatable form of liquid biopsy in implant dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Delucchi
- Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), Division of Prosthodontics and Implant Prosthodontics, University of Genoa, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Camilla Canepa
- Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), Division of Prosthodontics and Implant Prosthodontics, University of Genoa, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Canullo
- Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), Division of Prosthodontics and Implant Prosthodontics, University of Genoa, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Paolo Pesce
- Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), Division of Prosthodontics and Implant Prosthodontics, University of Genoa, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Menini
- Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), Division of Prosthodontics and Implant Prosthodontics, University of Genoa, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
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Philip J, Buijs MJ, Pappalardo VY, Crielaard W, Brandt BW, Zaura E. The microbiome of dental and peri-implant subgingival plaque during peri-implant mucositis therapy: A randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 49:28-38. [PMID: 34664294 PMCID: PMC9298297 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aim To assess the microbial effects of mechanical debridement in conjunction with a mouthrinse on sites with peri‐implant mucositis and gingivitis. Materials and methods Eighty‐nine patients with peri‐implant mucositis were included in a double‐blinded, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial with mechanical debridement and 1‐month use of either delmopinol, chlorhexidine (CHX), or a placebo mouthrinse. Submucosal and subgingival plaque samples of implants and teeth were collected at baseline and after 1 and 3 months, processed for 16S V4 rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and analysed bioinformatically. Results The sites with peri‐implant mucositis presented with a less diverse and less anaerobic microbiome. Exposure to delmopinol or CHX, but not to the placebo mouthrinse resulted in microbial changes after 1 month. The healthy sites around the teeth harboured a more diverse and more anaerobe‐rich microbiome than the healthy sites around the implants. Conclusions Peri‐implant sites with mucositis harbour ecologically less complex and less anaerobic biofilms with lower biomass than patient‐matched dental sites with gingivitis while eliciting an equal inflammatory response. Adjunctive antimicrobial therapy in addition to mechanical debridement does affect both dental and peri‐implant biofilm composition in the short term, resulting in a less dysbiotic subgingival biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Philip
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark J Buijs
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Y Pappalardo
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Crielaard
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bernd W Brandt
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Egija Zaura
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Jiang Q, Yu Y, Xu R, Zhang Z, Liang C, Sun H, Deng F, Yu X. The temporal shift of peri-implant microbiota during the biofilm formation and maturation in a canine model. Microb Pathog 2021; 158:105100. [PMID: 34302932 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although the mature peri-implant biofilm composition is well studied, there is very little information on the succession of in vivo dental implant colonization. The aim of this study was to characterize the temporal changes and diversity of peri-implant supra-mucosal and sub-mucosal microbiota during the process of the plaque maturation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dental implants (n = 25) were placed in the mandible of 3 beagle dogs. Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the hypervariable V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene amplicons was used to characterize the supra/sub-mucosal microbiota in the peri-implant niches at 1day (T1), 7days (T2), 14days (T3), 21days (T4) and 28days (T5) after Phase Ⅱ surgery of the healing abutment placement. QIIME, Mothur, LEfSe and R-package were used for downstream analysis. RESULTS A total of 1184 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), assigned into 22 phyla, 264 genera and 339 species were identified. In supra-mucosal niches, the alpha parameters of shannon, sobs and chao1 displayed significant differences between T1 and other time-points. However, in sub-mucosal niches, only sobs, chao1, and ace indexes displayed significant differences between T1 and T3, and T1 and T5. Beta-diversity showed statistically significant difference between T1 and T2, T3, T4, T5 within both sub-mucosal and supra-mucosal plaque. The phyla Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the most dominant phyla of both sub-mucosal and supra-mucosal niches at all time-points and Firmicutes increased during the maturation of peri-implant plaque. At the genus level, Neisseria decreased significantly after T1 suggesting the establishment of an anaerobic microenvironment. A decrease of Porphyromonas during the formation of sub-mucosal microbial community was also detected. Co-occurrence network analysis exhibited a more complicated co-occurrence relationship of bacterial species in the sub-mucosal niches. Fusobacterium nucleatum, Filifactor villosus, and some other species may play a crucial role in biofilm maturation. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggested that the development of peri-implant biofilm followed a similar pattern to dental plaque formation. Sub-mucosal biofilm may go through a more complicated procedure of maturation than supra-mucosal biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Jiang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ruogu Xu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhengchuan Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chaoan Liang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hanyu Sun
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Feilong Deng
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Xiaolin Yu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Shimogishi M, Watanabe T, Shibasaki M, Shiba T, Komatsu K, Nemoto T, Ishihara K, Nakano Y, Iwata T, Kasugai S, Nakagawa I. Patient-specific establishment of bacterial composition within the peri-implant microbiota during the earliest weeks after implant uncovering. J Periodontal Res 2021; 56:964-971. [PMID: 34057208 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Dysbiosis, a loss of balance in the microbiota, is a potential factor of peri-implantitis. However, compositional change of the peri-implant microbiota soon after implant uncovering is still unknown. In this study, bacterial composition in the peri-implant sulcus was examined to understand the establishment of bacterial composition within the peri-implant microbiota during the earliest weeks after implant uncovering. METHODS Microbiota samples were collected at weeks 1, 2, 4, and 6 after stage-two surgery. Bacterial DNA was isolated from the samples, and a 16S rRNA gene library was constructed. Sequence reads were obtained using a high-throughput sequencing platform and were taxonomically assigned at the phylum and genus levels. RESULTS Alpha diversity indices, which did not include taxonomic information, were at similar levels throughout the four time points. At 1 and 2 weeks, the bacterial composition was similar among patients with the predominance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. However, the composition was diverse at 4 and 6 weeks and significantly dissimilar to the composition at 1 week. CONCLUSIONS At 1 week, the peri-implant microbiota was already formed with alpha diversity as high as that at the later time points. However, the bacterial composition was not highly dissimilar among patients at 1 week. The composition changed over the passage of several weeks and was specific for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Shimogishi
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayasu Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Shibasaki
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiko Shiba
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Komatsu
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Nemoto
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yoshio Nakano
- Department of Chemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Kasugai
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakagawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Korsch M, Marten SM, Stoll D, Prechtl C, Dötsch A. Microbiological findings in early and late implant loss: an observational clinical case-controlled study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:112. [PMID: 33706748 PMCID: PMC7948356 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01439-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Implants are a predictable and well-established treatment method in dentistry. Nevertheless, looking at possible failures of dental implants, early and late loss have to be distinguished. The intent of the study was to report microbiological findings on the surface of implants with severe peri-implantitis, which had to be explanted. Methods 53 specimens of implants from 48 patients without severe general illnesses have been examined. The groups investigated were implants that had to be removed in the period of osseointegration (early loss, 13 patients with 14 implants) or after the healing period (late loss, 14 patients with 17 implants). The implant losses were compared with two control groups (implants with no bone loss directly after completed osseointegration, two to four months after implant placement (17 patients with 17 implants) and implants with no bone loss and prosthetic restoration for more than three years (5 patients with 5 implants)). Data about the bacteria located in the peri-implant sulcus was collected using amplification and high throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Results The biofilm composition differed substantially between individuals. Both in early and late implant loss, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis were found to be abundant. Late lost implants showed higher bacterial diversity and in addition higher abundances of Treponema, Fretibacterium, Pseudoramibacter and Desulfobulbus, while microbial communities of early loss implants were very heterogeneous and showed no significantly more abundant bacterial taxa. Conclusions Specific peri-implant pathogens were found around implants that were lost after a primarily uneventful osseointegration. P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum frequently colonized the implant in early and late losses and could therefore be characteristic for implant loss in general. In general, early lost implants showed also lower microbial diversity than late losses. However, the microbial results were not indicative of the causes of early and late losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Korsch
- Dental Academy for Continuing Professional Development, Karlsruhe, Lorenzstrasse 7, 76135, Karlsruhe, Germany. .,Center for Implantology and Oral Surgery, Berliner Straße 41, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Silke-Mareike Marten
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dominic Stoll
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christopher Prechtl
- Dental Academy for Continuing Professional Development, Karlsruhe, Lorenzstrasse 7, 76135, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Center for Implantology and Oral Surgery, Berliner Straße 41, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dötsch
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.,Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Immunological Aspects of Dental Implant Rejection. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7279509. [PMID: 33376734 PMCID: PMC7744195 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7279509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, dental implants are a prominent therapeutic approach among dentists for replacing missing teeth. Failure in dental implants is a severe challenge recently. The factors which lead to dental implant failure are known. These factors can be categorized into different groups. In this article, we discussed the immunological aspects of implant failure as one of these groups. Cytokines and immune cells have extensive and various functions in peri-implantitis. The equilibrium between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and cells, which involve in this orchestra, has a crucial role in implant prognosis. In conclusion, immune cells, especially macrophages and dendritic cells, almost increased in the patients with implant failure. Also, proinflammatory cytokines were proposed as diagnostic factors according to their higher levels in dental implant rejection.
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Lu H, Yan X, Zhu B, Zhang L, Feng X, Piao M, Huang B, Wang X, Zhang H, Wang Q, Meng H. The occurrence of peri-implant mucositis associated with the shift of submucosal microbiome in patients with a history of periodontitis during the first two years. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 48:441-454. [PMID: 33617025 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the dynamic changes of peri-implant microbiome in patients with a history of periodontitis and to construct a microbial prediction model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The prospective study was performed at one month (T1), one year (T2) and two years (T3) after restoration. Clinical examinations [probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), suppuration (SUP)], radiographic examinations and sample collection were conducted at three timepoints. Peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) was collected and analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to identify differences. RESULTS Totally, 168 subjects were assessed for eligibility. Twenty-two patients were recruited in the longitudinal study. Eventually, 67 PISF samples from 24 implants of 12 patients were collected and analysed. Peri-implant microbiome showed increasing diversity and complexity over time. Disease-associated genera Porphyromonas, Tannerella, Treponema and Prevotella dramatically increased from T1 to T3. The prediction model for clinical suppuration at T1 showed a high accuracy of 90%. CONCLUSION The dysbiosis of peri-implant microbiome increased with time during the two-year observation in patients with a history of periodontitis. Genera of Porphyromonas, Tannerella, Treponema and Prevotella were biomarkers of peri-implant mucositis. Microbiota at the early stage could predict subsequent microbial dysbiosis and clinical suppuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Lu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Yan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghui Feng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Muzi Piao
- Department of Periodontology, Second Dental Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Baoxin Huang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiane Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Haidong Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxin Meng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Osseointegrated dental implants are a revolutionary tool in the armament of reconstructive dentistry, employed to replace missing teeth and restore masticatory, occlusal, and esthetic functions. Like natural teeth, the orally exposed part of dental implants offers a pristine nonshedding surface for salivary pellicle-mediated microbial adhesion and biofilm formation. In early colonization stages, these bacterial communities closely resemble those of healthy periodontal sites, with lower diversity. Because the peri-implant tissues are more susceptible to endogenous oral infections, understanding of the ecological triggers that underpin the microbial pathogenesis of peri-implantitis is central to developing improved prevention, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, notably applied to 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicons, has enabled the comprehensive taxonomic characterization of peri-implant bacterial communities in health and disease, revealing a differentially abundant microbiota between these 2 states, or with periodontitis. With that, the peri-implant niche is highlighted as a distinct ecosystem that shapes its individual resident microbial community. Shifts from health to disease include an increase in diversity and a gradual depletion of commensals, along with an enrichment of classical and emerging periodontal pathogens. Metatranscriptomic profiling revealed similarities in the virulence characteristics of microbial communities from peri-implantitis and periodontitis, nonetheless with some distinctive pathways and interbacterial networks. Deeper functional assessment of the physiology and virulence of the well-characterized microbial communities of the peri-implant niche will elucidate further the etiopathogenic mechanisms and drivers of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G N Belibasakis
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - D Manoil
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
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11
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Yu XL, Chan Y, Zhuang L, Lai HC, Lang NP, Keung Leung W, Watt RM. Intra-oral single-site comparisons of periodontal and peri-implant microbiota in health and disease. Clin Oral Implants Res 2019; 30:760-776. [PMID: 31102416 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periodontitis and peri-implantitis are oral infectious-inflammatory diseases that share similarities in their pathology and etiology. Our objective was to characterize the single-site subgingival and submucosal microbiomes of implant-rehabilitated, partially dentate Chinese subjects (n = 18) presenting with both periodontitis and peri-implantitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subgingival/submucosal plaque samples were collected from four clinically distinct sites in each subject: peri-implantitis submucosa (DI), periodontal pocket (DT), clinically healthy (unaffected) peri-implant submucosa (HI), and clinically healthy (unaffected) subgingival sulcus (HT). The bacterial microbiota present was analyzed using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. RESULTS Twenty-six phyla and 5,726 operational taxonomic units (OTUs, 97% sequence similarity cutoff) were identified. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Synergistetes, TM7, and Spirochaetes comprised 99.6% of the total reads detected. Bacterial communities within the DI, DT, HI, and HT sites shared high levels of taxonomic similarity. Thirty-one "core species" were present in >90% sites, with Streptococcus infantis/mitis/oralis (HMT-070/HMT-071/HMT-638/HMT-677) and Fusobacterium sp. HMT-203/HMT-698 being particularly prevalent and abundant. Beta-diversity analyses (PERMANOVA test, weighted UniFrac) revealed the largest variance in the microbiota was at the subject level (46%), followed by periodontal health status (4%). Differing sets of OTUs were associated with periodontitis and peri-implantitis sites, respectively. This included putative "periodontopathogens," such as Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Tannerella, Bacteroidetes [G-5], and Treponema spp. Interaction network analysis identified several putative patterns underlying dysbiosis in periodontitis/peri-implantitis sites. CONCLUSIONS Species (OTU) composition of the periodontal and peri-implant microbiota varied widely between subjects. The inter-subject variations in subgingival/submucosal microbiome composition outweighed differences observed between implant vs. tooth sites, or between diseased vs. healthy (unaffected) peri-implant/periodontal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lin Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuki Chan
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Hong-Chang Lai
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Wai Keung Leung
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rory M Watt
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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