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Pugsley CE, Isaac RE, Warren NJ, Behra JS, Cappelle K, Dominguez-Espinosa R, Cayre OJ. Protection of Double-Stranded RNA via Complexation with Double Hydrophilic Block Copolymers: Influence of Neutral Block Length in Biologically Relevant Environments. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2362-2373. [PMID: 35549247 PMCID: PMC9198985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Interaction between the anionic phosphodiester backbone of DNA/RNA and polycations can be exploited as a means of delivering genetic material for therapeutic and agrochemical applications. In this work, quaternized poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PQDMAEMA-b-PDMAm) double hydrophilic block copolymers (DHBCs) were synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization as nonviral delivery vehicles for double-stranded RNA. The assembly of DHBCs and dsRNA forms distinct polyplexes that were thoroughly characterized to establish a relationship between the length of the uncharged poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA) block and the polyplex size, complexation efficiency, and colloidal stability. Dynamic light scattering reveals the formation of smaller polyplexes with increasing PDMA lengths, while gel electrophoresis confirms that these polyplexes require higher N/P ratio for full complexation. DHBC polyplexes exhibit enhanced stability in low ionic strength environments in comparison to homopolymer-based polyplexes. In vitro enzymatic degradation assays demonstrate that both homopolymer and DHBC polymers efficiently protect dsRNA from degradation by RNase A enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E. Pugsley
- School
of Chemical and Process Engineering, University
of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
- School
of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - R. Elwyn Isaac
- School
of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas. J. Warren
- School
of Chemical and Process Engineering, University
of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Juliette S. Behra
- School
of Chemical and Process Engineering, University
of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Kaat Cappelle
- Syngenta
Ghent Innovation Center, Technologiepark 30, B-9052 Gent-Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Rosa Dominguez-Espinosa
- Syngenta
Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42
6EY, England
| | - Olivier. J. Cayre
- School
of Chemical and Process Engineering, University
of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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Nakazato R, Sano K, Ichihara H, Ishida T, Shimada T, Takagi S. Factors for the emission enhancement of dimidium in specific media such as in DNA and on a clay surface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:22732-22739. [PMID: 31384860 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03285a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Dimidium (3,8-diamino-5-methyl-6-phenylphenanthridinium: NH2PhP) is a well-known fluorophore as a DNA probe, although its fluorescence enhancement mechanism is not clear. In this study, we investigated the fluorescence enhancement mechanism of NH2PhP on a clay surface by observing the fluorescence behavior. Four systematically selected phenanthridinium derivatives (PDs): NH2PhP, 3,8-bisdimethylamino-5-methyl-6-phenylphenanthridinium (NMe2PhP), 5-methyl-6-phenylphenanthridinium (PhP) and 5-methylphenanthridinium (P) and synthetic clay were used as guest and host materials, respectively. It was revealed that the suppression of hydrogen bonding with water (N-HOH or NH-OH2) is the dominant factor for the fluorescence enhancement on the clay surface for NH2PhP and NMe2PhP. In addition, judging from the fluorescence enhancement for NH2PhP, NMe2PhP and PhP and no fluorescence enhancement for P on the clay surface, the suppression of rotation of the phenyl ring was indicated to make a partial contribution to the fluorescence enhancement mechanism. Because the fluorescence enhancement behavior was quite similar on the clay surface and in DNA, the obtained results afford an important clue to discuss the fluorescence enhancement mechanism of NH2PhP in DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Nakazato
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-ohsawa, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan.
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Izumrudov VA, Mussabayeva BK, Kassymova ZS, Klivenko AN, Orazzhanova LK. Interpolyelectrolyte complexes: advances and prospects of application. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Advances in the development of water-soluble nonstoichiometric polyelectrolyte complexes, which are characterized by high stability and can be involved in competitive interpolyelectrolyte reactions, are summarized and analyzed. The complexes remain stable over a wide range of external conditions (pH, ionic strength, temperature), but show a rapid, reversible and highly sensitive response to environmental changes outside this range by changing the phase state. The review considers methods of preparation and properties of nonstoichiometric polyelectrolyte complexes formed by interactions between oppositely charged polyelectrolytes. These reagents can be used for controlled modification of various surfaces, the preparation of soluble complexes functionalized by different molecules, the suppression and prevention of protein aggregation. The review briefly summarizes new types of soluble polyelectrolytes and polyelectrolyte complexes of different nature and with different structures, including biopolymers and dendrimers, suitable for solving problems in medicine and agricultural biotechnology. In order to evaluate the results achieved, there is a need to integrate and analyze the data on interpolyelectrolyte reactions, which are of most interest for a wide range of researchers.
The bibliography includes 118 references.
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Semenyuk PI, Zhiryakova MV, Izumrudov VA. Supercharged Polyplexes: Full-Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experimental Study. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Maksimova ED, Faizuloev EB, Izumrudov VA, Litmanovich EA, Melik-Nubarov NS. Synthesis of poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) nanogels in reverse micelles for delivery of plasmid DNA and small interfering RNAs into living cells. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES C 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1811238212040029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Faizuloev E, Marova A, Nikonova A, Volkova I, Gorshkova M, Izumrudov V. Water-soluble N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl]chitosan chloride as a nucleic acids vector for cell transfection. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 89:1088-94. [PMID: 24750918 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To endow the cationic polysaccharides with solubility in the whole pH-range without loss of functionality of the amino groups, different chitosan samples were treated with glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride. Each modified unit of the exhaustively alkylated quaternized chitosan (QCht) contained both quaternary and secondary amino groups. The intercalated dye displacement assay and ζ-potential measurements implied stability of QCht polyplexes at physiological conditions and protonation of the secondary amino groups in slightly acidic media which is favorable for transfection according to proton sponge mechanism. The cytotoxicity and transfection efficacy increased with the chain lengthening. Nevertheless, the longest chains of QCht, 250 kDa were less toxic than PEI for COS-1 cells and revealed comparable and even significantly higher transfection activity of siRNA and plasmid DNA, respectively. Thus, highly polymerized QCht (250 kDa) provided the highest level of the plasmid DNA transfection being 5 and 80 times more active than QCht (100 kDa) and QCht (50 kDa), respectively, and 4-fold more effective than PEI, 25 kDa. The established influence of QCht molecular weight on toxicity and transfection efficacy allows elaborating polysaccharide vectors that possess rational balance of these characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Faizuloev
- I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, RAMS, 15, 1st Dubrovskaya Str., 115088 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Marova
- I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, RAMS, 15, 1st Dubrovskaya Str., 115088 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra Nikonova
- I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, RAMS, 15, 1st Dubrovskaya Str., 115088 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Volkova
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, RAS, 29, Leninsky prospekt, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Gorshkova
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, RAS, 29, Leninsky prospekt, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Izumrudov
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Zhiryakova MV, Kuchkina NV, Shifrina ZB, Izumrudov VA. A water-soluble aromatic dendrimer as a model basis for dual-action drugs. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x1108013x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Izumrudov VA, Zhiryakova MV. Competitive reactions in solutions of the complex of chitosan and DNA. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x1106006x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Izumrudov VA, Zhiryakova MV. Complexation and competitive interpolyelectrolyte reactions involving a poly(N-oxyethyl-4-vinylpyridinium) cation. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x09060066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Izumrudov VA, Kuchkina NV, Rusanov AL, Shifrina ZB. Interaction of water-soluble polypyridylphenylene dendrimers with a polymethacrylate anion. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x09030018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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