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Wilson P, Wood R, Lykke K, Hauskov Graungaard A, Ertmann RK, Andersen MK, Haavet OR, Lagerløv P, Abildsnes E, Dahli MP, Mäkelä M, Varinen A, Hietanen M. International variation in programmes for assessment of children's neurodevelopment in the community: Understanding disparate approaches to evaluation of motor, social, emotional, behavioural and cognitive function. Scand J Public Health 2018; 46:805-816. [PMID: 29726749 DOI: 10.1177/1403494818772211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few areas of medicine demonstrate such international divergence as child development screening and surveillance. Many countries have nationally mandated surveillance policies, but the content of programmes and mechanisms for delivery vary enormously. The cost of programmes is substantial but no economic evaluations have been carried out. We have critically examined the history, underlying philosophy, content and delivery of programmes for child development assessment in five countries with comprehensive publicly funded health services (Denmark, Finland, Norway, Scotland and Sweden). The specific focus of this article is on motor, social, emotional, behavioural and global cognitive functioning including language. FINDINGS Variations in developmental surveillance programmes are substantially explained by historical factors and gradual evolution although Scotland has undergone radical changes in approach. No elements of universal developmental assessment programmes meet World Health Organization screening criteria, although some assessments are configured as screening activities. The roles of doctors and nurses vary greatly by country as do the timing, content and likely costs of programmes. Inter-professional communication presents challenges to all the studied health services. No programme has evidence for improved health outcomes or cost effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS Developmental surveillance programmes vary greatly and their structure appears to be driven by historical factors as much as by evidence. Consensus should be reached about which surveillance activities constitute screening, and the predictive validity of these components needs to be established and judged against World Health Organization screening criteria. Costs and consequences of specific programmes should be assessed, and the issue of inter-professional communication about children at remediable developmental risk should be prioritised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Wilson
- 1 Centre for Rural Health, University of Aberdeen, Scotland.,2 Centre for Research and Education in General Practice, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rachael Wood
- 3 Women and Children's Health, NHS National Services Scotland, Information Services Division, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Kirsten Lykke
- 2 Centre for Research and Education in General Practice, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anette Hauskov Graungaard
- 2 Centre for Research and Education in General Practice, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ruth Kirk Ertmann
- 2 Centre for Research and Education in General Practice, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Per Lagerløv
- 5 Department of general practice, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirik Abildsnes
- 6 Department of global public health and primary care, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Mina P Dahli
- 5 Department of general practice, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Marjukka Mäkelä
- 2 Centre for Research and Education in General Practice, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,7 THL (National Institute for Health and Welfare), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aleksi Varinen
- 8 Department of General Practice, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland
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Thomson RM, Allely CS, Purves D, Puckering C, McConnachie A, Johnson PCD, Golding J, Gillberg C, Wilson P. Predictors of positive and negative parenting behaviours: evidence from the ALSPAC cohort. BMC Pediatr 2014; 14:247. [PMID: 25280577 PMCID: PMC4287514 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-14-247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to establish the predictors of positive and negative parenting behaviours in a United Kingdom population. The majority of previous research has focused on specific risk factors and has used a variety of outcome measures. This study used a single assessment of parenting behaviours and started with a wide range of potential pre- and post-natal variables; such an approach might be used to identify families who might benefit from parenting interventions. METHODS Using a case-control subsample of 160 subjects from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), regression analysis was undertaken to model parenting behaviours at 12 months as measured by the Mellow Parenting Observational System. RESULTS Positive parenting increased with maternal age at delivery, levels of education and with prenatal anxiety. More negative interactions were observed among younger mothers, mothers with male infants, with prenatal non-smokers and among mothers who perceived they had a poor support structure. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates two factors which may be important in identifying families most at risk of negative parenting: younger maternal age at delivery and lack of social support during pregnancy. Such factors could be taken into account when planning provision of services such as parenting interventions. We also established that male children were significantly more likely to be negatively parented, a novel finding which may suggest an area for future research. However the findings have to be accepted cautiously and have to be replicated, as the measures used do not have established psychometric validity and reliability data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Thomson
- />Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, RHSC Yorkhill, Glasgow, G3 8SJ Scotland
| | - Clare S Allely
- />School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Allerton Building, Frederick Road, Salford, M6 6PU England, UK
| | - David Purves
- />Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Boyd Orr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ Scotland
| | - Christine Puckering
- />Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, RHSC Yorkhill, Glasgow, G3 8SJ Scotland
| | - Alex McConnachie
- />Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Boyd Orr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ Scotland
| | - Paul CD Johnson
- />Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Boyd Orr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ Scotland
| | - Jean Golding
- />Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK
| | - Christopher Gillberg
- />Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, RHSC Yorkhill, Glasgow, G3 8SJ Scotland
| | - Philip Wilson
- />Centre for Rural Health, The Centre for Health Science, University of Aberdeen, Old Perth Road, Inverness, IV2 3JH Scotland
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Puckering C, Allely CS, Doolin O, Purves D, McConnachie A, Johnson PCD, Marwick H, Heron J, Golding J, Gillberg C, Wilson P. Association between parent-infant interactions in infancy and disruptive behaviour disorders at age seven: a nested, case-control ALSPAC study. BMC Pediatr 2014; 14:223. [PMID: 25193601 PMCID: PMC4177234 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-14-223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective early intervention to prevent oppositional/conduct disorders requires early identification of children at risk. Patterns of parent-child interaction may predict oppositional/conduct disorders but large community-based prospective studies are needed to evaluate this possibility. METHODS We sought to examine whether the Mellow Parenting Observational System (MPOS) used to assess parent-infant interactions at one year was associated with psychopathology at age 7. The MPOS assesses positive and negative interactions between parent and child. It examines six dimensions: anticipation of child's needs, responsiveness, autonomy, cooperation, containment of child distress, and control/conflict; these are summed to produce measures of total positive and negative interactions. We examined videos from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) sub-cohort who attended the 'Children in Focus' clinic at one year of age. Our sample comprised 180 videos of parent-infant interaction: 60 from infants who received a psychiatric diagnostic categorisation at seven years and 120 randomly selected controls who were group-matched on sex. RESULTS A negative association between positive interactions and oppositional/conduct disorders was found. With the exception of pervasive developmental disorders (autism), an increase of one positive interaction per minute predicted a 15% (95% CI: 4% to 26%) reduction in the odds of the infant being case diagnosed. There was no statistically significant relationship between negative parenting interactions and oppositional/conduct disorders, although negative interactions were rarely observed in this setting. CONCLUSIONS The Mellow Parenting Observation System, specifically low scores for positive parenting interactions (such as Responsiveness which encompasses parental warmth towards the infant), predicted later psychiatric diagnostic categorisation of oppositional/conduct disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Puckering
- />Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, RHSC Yorkhill, Glasgow, Scotland G3 8SJ UK
| | - Clare S Allely
- />School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Allerton Building, Frederick Road, Salford, England M6 6PU UK
| | - Orla Doolin
- />Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Boyd Orr Building, Glasgow, Scotland G12 8QQ UK
| | - David Purves
- />Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Boyd Orr Building, Glasgow, Scotland G12 8QQ UK
| | - Alex McConnachie
- />Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Boyd Orr Building, Glasgow, Scotland G12 8QQ UK
| | - Paul CD Johnson
- />Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Boyd Orr Building, Glasgow, Scotland G12 8QQ UK
| | - Helen Marwick
- />National Centre for Autism Studies, the University of Strathclyde, Scotland, UK
| | - Jon Heron
- />Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK
| | - Jean Golding
- />Centre for Mental Health, Addiction and Suicide Research, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK
| | - Christopher Gillberg
- />Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, RHSC Yorkhill, Glasgow, Scotland G3 8SJ UK
| | - Philip Wilson
- />Centre for Rural Health, University of Aberdeen, The Centre for Health Science, Old Perth Road, Inverness, Scotland, IV2 3JH UK
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Johnson P, Ahamat B, Mcconnachie A, Puckering C, Marwick H, Furnivall D, Marwick R, Gillberg C, Heron J, Wilson P. Motor activity at age one year does not predict ADHD at seven years. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2014; 23:9-18. [PMID: 24496957 PMCID: PMC6878585 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We have examined the predictive utility of motor activity in infancy towards diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in later childhood. We conducted a nested case-control study using videos of infants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Sixty videos of children who received any Development and Well-being Assessment (DAWBA) psychiatric diagnosis at age 91 months (including 16 with ADHD) plus two controls per case were selected for data analysis. Body movements were measured at age one year: associations between motor activity-derived variables using factor analysis, and later ADHD diagnoses were sought. No significant association was found between infant motor activity and later ADHD. A positive association between motor activity and inattentive ADHD was found in males. Motor activity at age one year did not predict ADHD at age seven years. The positive association with inattentive ADHD in males requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Johnson
- Robertson Centre for BiostatisticsUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Boolang Ahamat
- Institute of Health and WellbeingUniversity of GlasgowRoyal Hospital for Sick ChildrenGlasgowUK
| | - Alex Mcconnachie
- Robertson Centre for BiostatisticsUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Christine Puckering
- Institute of Health and WellbeingUniversity of GlasgowRoyal Hospital for Sick ChildrenGlasgowUK
| | - Helen Marwick
- National Centre for Autism StudiesUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK
| | - Daniel Furnivall
- Institute of Health and WellbeingUniversity of GlasgowRoyal Hospital for Sick ChildrenGlasgowUK
| | - Robbie Marwick
- Institute of Health and WellbeingUniversity of GlasgowRoyal Hospital for Sick ChildrenGlasgowUK
| | - Christopher Gillberg
- Institute of Health and WellbeingUniversity of GlasgowRoyal Hospital for Sick ChildrenGlasgowUK
| | - Jon Heron
- School of Social and Community MedicineBristolUK
| | - Philip Wilson
- Institute of Health and WellbeingUniversity of GlasgowRoyal Hospital for Sick ChildrenGlasgowUK
- Centre for Rural HealthUniversity of AberdeenUK
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Sim F, O’Dowd J, Thompson L, Law J, Macmillan S, Affleck M, Gillberg C, Wilson P. Language and social/emotional problems identified at a universal developmental assessment at 30 months. BMC Pediatr 2013; 13:206. [PMID: 24330767 PMCID: PMC3878792 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-13-206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preschool language and neurodevelopmental problems often persist and impede learning. The aims of the current study are to assess the uptake of a new universal 30 month health visitor contact and to quantify the prevalence of language delay and social/emotional difficulties. METHODS All families of 30 month old children in four Glasgow localities were offered a visit from their health visitor. Structured data were collected relating to language, social and emotional development using three instruments; The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the abbreviated Sure Start Language Measure and a two-item language screen. RESULTS From an eligible population of 543 children, there was a 90% return rate of contact forms from the health visitors, and assessments were completed on 78% of eligible children. Visit completion rates did not differ significantly by socio-economic status. 3-8% of children were reported to have language delay depending on the method of assessment. 8.8% of children scored in the "abnormal" range of SDQ total difficulties scores and 31.1% had an abnormality in at least one subscale. There was substantial overlap between language delay and abnormal scores on the SDQ. CONCLUSIONS Universal assessment of neurodevelopmental function at 30 months identified a significant proportion of children, including those previously considered at low risk, with both language and social/emotional difficulties. Further work is required to assess the precise nature of these difficulties and to assess the potential impact on services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Sim
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Health Sciences, University of Glasgow, Caledonia House, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow, Yorkhill, G3 8SJ, UK
| | | | - Lucy Thompson
- Centre for Rural Health, University of Aberdeen, Centre for Health Sciences, Old Perth Rd, Inverness, IV2 3JH, Scotland
| | - James Law
- Communication & Language Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK
| | - Susan Macmillan
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Health Sciences, University of Glasgow, Caledonia House, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow, Yorkhill, G3 8SJ, UK
| | | | | | - Philip Wilson
- Centre for Rural Health, University of Aberdeen, Centre for Health Sciences, Old Perth Rd, Inverness, IV2 3JH, Scotland
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Allely CS, Johnson PCD, Marwick H, Lidstone E, Kočovská E, Puckering C, McConnachie A, Golding J, Gillberg C, Wilson P. Prediction of 7-year psychopathology from mother-infant joint attention behaviours: a nested case-control study. BMC Pediatr 2013; 13:147. [PMID: 24063312 PMCID: PMC3848970 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-13-147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate whether later diagnosis of psychiatric disorder can be predicted from analysis of mother-infant joint attention (JA) behaviours in social-communicative interaction at 12 months. METHOD Using data from a large contemporary birth cohort, we examined 159 videos of a mother-infant interaction for joint attention behaviour when children were aged one year, sampled from within the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort. Fifty-three of the videos involved infants who were later considered to have a psychiatric disorder at seven years and 106 were same aged controls. Psychopathologies included in the case group were disruptive behaviour disorders, oppositional-conduct disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, pervasive development disorder, anxiety and depressive disorders. Psychiatric diagnoses were obtained using the Development and Wellbeing Assessment when the children were seven years old. RESULTS None of the three JA behaviours (shared look rate, shared attention rate and shared attention intensity) showed a significant association with the primary outcome of case-control status. Only shared look rate predicted any of the exploratory sub-diagnosis outcomes and was found to be positively associated with later oppositional-conduct disorders (OR [95% CI]: 1.5 [1.0, 2.3]; p = 0.041). CONCLUSIONS JA behaviours did not, in general, predict later psychopathology. However, shared look was positively associated with later oppositional-conduct disorders. This suggests that some features of JA may be early markers of later psychopathology. Further investigation will be required to determine whether any JA behaviours can be used to screen for families in need of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare S Allely
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, RHSC Yorkhill, Glasgow G3 8SJ, Scotland
| | - Paul CD Johnson
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Boyd Orr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Helen Marwick
- National Centre for Autism Studies at the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Emma Lidstone
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, RHSC Yorkhill, Glasgow G3 8SJ, Scotland
| | - Eva Kočovská
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, RHSC Yorkhill, Glasgow G3 8SJ, Scotland
| | - Christine Puckering
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, RHSC Yorkhill, Glasgow G3 8SJ, Scotland
| | - Alex McConnachie
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Boyd Orr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Jean Golding
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Christopher Gillberg
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, RHSC Yorkhill, Glasgow G3 8SJ, Scotland
| | - Philip Wilson
- Centre for Rural Health, University of Aberdeen, The Centre for Health Science, Old Perth Road, Inverness IV2 3JH, Scotland
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Myors KA, Schmied V, White E. Child and family health nurses working with families of preschool-aged children. J Clin Nurs 2013; 23:181-90. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Myors
- Clinical Nurse, School of Nursing and Midwifery; University of Western Sydney; Penrith South DC NSW Australia
| | - Virginia Schmied
- Clinical Nurse, School of Nursing and Midwifery; University of Western Sydney; Penrith South DC NSW Australia
| | - Edward White
- Osman Consulting Pty Ltd; Sydney NSW Australia
- School of Psychiatry; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
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Language delay is not predictable from available risk factors. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:947018. [PMID: 23576912 PMCID: PMC3618945 DOI: 10.1155/2013/947018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims. To investigate factors associated with language delay in a cohort of 30-month-old children and determine if identification of language delay requires active contact with families. Methods. Data were collected at a pilot universal 30-month health contact. Health visitors used a simple two-item language screen. Data were obtained for 315 children; language delay was found in 33. The predictive capacity of 13 variables which could realistically be known before the 30-month contact was analysed. Results. Seven variables were significantly associated with language delay in univariate analysis, but in logistic regression only five of these variables remained significant. Conclusion. The presence of one or more risk factors had a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 45%, but a positive predictive value of only 15%. The presence of one or more of these risk factors thus can not reliably be used to identify language delayed children, nor is it possible to define an “at risk” population because male gender was the only significant demographic factor and it had an unacceptably low specificity (52.5%). It is not possible to predict which children will have language delay at 30 months. Identification of this important ESSENCE disorder requires direct clinical contact with all families.
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Hodgins S, Larm P, Ellenbogen M, Vitaro F, Tremblay RE. Teachers' ratings of childhood behaviours predict adolescent and adult crime among 3016 males and females. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2013; 58:143-50. [PMID: 23461885 DOI: 10.1177/070674371305800304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine associations of teacher-rated conduct problems (CP) and hurtful and uncaring behaviours (HUB) at age 6 and 10 with criminal convictions up to age 24 among 1593 males and 1423 females, and to determine whether aggressive behaviour at age 12 mediated the associations of CP and HUB with criminal convictions. METHOD Teachers assessed HUB and CP at ages 6 and 10 and ratings above the 90th percentile at each age and within each sex were used to assign participants to 1 of 4 groups. Teachers assessed proactive, reactive, indirect, and verbal aggression at age 12. Juvenile and adult criminal records were obtained. RESULTS High CP and HUB males, aged 6, were 4 times more likely than males with lower ratings to acquire convictions for violent crimes and 5 times more likely to acquire convictions for nonviolent crimes by age 24. High HUB and CP females, aged 6, were 5 times more likely than females with lower ratings to have a conviction for a nonviolent offence by age 24. Among males, both aged 6 and 10, high HUB without CP were associated with elevations at risk of convictions for violent and nonviolent crimes, while among females the elevations at risk were limited to convictions for nonviolent crimes. Different types of aggressive behaviour mediated associations of high HUB and CP with subsequent criminal convictions, but not the association of HUB without CP and crime. CONCLUSIONS Teachers in elementary schools rated behaviours that, from age 6 onward, significantly predicted criminal convictions into early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheilagh Hodgins
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Allely C, Purves D, McConnachie A, Marwick H, Johnson P, Doolin O, Puckering C, Golding J, Gillberg C, Wilson P. Parent-infant vocalisations at 12 months predict psychopathology at 7 years. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2013; 34:985-93. [PMID: 23291516 PMCID: PMC4046631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2012.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the utility of adult and infant vocalisation in the prediction of child psychopathology. Families were sampled from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort. Vocalisation patterns were obtained from 180 videos (60 cases and 120 randomly selected sex-matched controls) of parent-infant interactions when infants were one year old. Cases were infants who had been subsequently diagnosed aged seven years, with at least one psychiatric diagnostic categorisation using the Development and Wellbeing Assessment. Psychopathologies included in the case group were disruptive behaviour disorders, oppositional-conduct disorders, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, pervasive development disorder, and emotional disorders. Associations between infant and parent vocalisations and later psychiatric diagnoses were investigated. Low frequencies of maternal vocalisation predicted later development of infant psychopathology. A reduction of five vocalisations per minute predicted a 44% (95%CI: 11-94%; p-value=0.006) increase in the odds of an infant being a case. No association was observed between infant vocalisations and overall case status. In sum, altered vocalisation frequency in mother-infant interactions at one year is a potential risk marker for later diagnosis of a range of child psychopathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.S. Allely
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, RHSC Yorkhill, Glasgow G3 8SJ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - D. Purves
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Boyd Orr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - A. McConnachie
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Boyd Orr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - H. Marwick
- National Centre for Autism Studies at the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - P. Johnson
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Boyd Orr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - O. Doolin
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Boyd Orr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - C. Puckering
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, RHSC Yorkhill, Glasgow G3 8SJ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - J. Golding
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, England, United Kingdom
| | - C. Gillberg
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, RHSC Yorkhill, Glasgow G3 8SJ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - P. Wilson
- Centre for Rural Health, University of Aberdeen, The Centre for Health Science, Old Perth Road, Inverness IV2 3JH, Scotland, United Kingdom
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[Identification of early childhood behavioral disorders by German preschool medical examinations]. Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr 2013; 61:691-705. [PMID: 23304835 DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2012.61.9.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Increasing prevalence of behavioral disorders among preschool children, such as ADHD, conduct and emotional disorders, has led to growing interest in research concerning prevention measures and early identification of children at risk. This paper gives an overview of prevalence data and characteristics of behavioural disorders in preschool children and their influence on the children's quality of life. The necessity of diagnostic measures in early childhood is discussed and German prevention programmes for preschoolers are reviewed for their ability to identify children at risk.
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12
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Wilson P, Bradshaw P, Tipping S, Henderson M, Der G, Minnis H. What predicts persistent early conduct problems? Evidence from the Growing Up in Scotland cohort. J Epidemiol Community Health 2013; 67:76-80. [PMID: 22844082 PMCID: PMC3534305 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2011-200856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a strong case for early identification of factors predicting life-course-persistent conduct disorder. The authors aimed to identify factors associated with repeated parental reports of preschool conduct problems. METHOD Nested case-control study of Scottish children who had behavioural data reported by parents at 3, 4 and 5 years. RESULTS 79 children had abnormal conduct scores at all three time points ('persistent conduct problems') and 434 at one or two points ('inconsistent conduct problems'). 1557 children never had abnormal scores. Compared with children with no conduct problems, children with reported problems were significantly more likely to have mothers who smoked during pregnancy. They were less likely to be living with both parents and more likely to be in poor general health, to have difficulty being understood, to have a parent who agrees that smacking is sometimes necessary and to be taken to visit other people with children rarely. The results for children with persistent and inconsistent conduct problems were similar, but associations with poverty and maternal smoking were significantly less strong in the inconsistent group. CONCLUSION These factors may be valuable in early identification of risk of major social difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Wilson
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Caledonia House, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow G3 8SJ, UK.
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Latimer K, Wilson P, Kemp J, Thompson L, Sim F, Gillberg C, Puckering C, Minnis H. Disruptive behaviour disorders: a systematic review of environmental antenatal and early years risk factors. Child Care Health Dev 2012; 38:611-28. [PMID: 22372737 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2012.01366.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Disruptive behaviour disorders (DBDs), including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) are chronic disorders with significant overlap in aetiology and presentation. An integrative examination of environmental risk factors is lacking. Six literature searches of web-based bibliographic databases were completed to identify literature on DBDs in general and five disorders in particular: CD, ODD, ADHD, deficits of attention, motor control and perception, and reactive attachment disorder. Searches were filtered to focus on studies including diagnostic assessment, focussing on environmental risk and protective factors in the first 4 years of life. The database searches generated 9806 papers of which 47 were reviewed after filters had been applied. The evidence suggests links between a number of early life risk factors and DBDs, including prenatal cigarette smoking and alcohol use, prenatal viral illness, maternal stress and anxiety, low birthweight, peri-partum and early neonatal complications, parental stress and parenting styles in infancy, early deprivation, adoption and separation. Despite the understanding that there is sharing of risk factors between the DBDs, there has been a disproportionate focus on the role of certain risk factors at the expense of others and the field is weakened by difficulties in controlling for all potential confounding variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Latimer
- Institute of Mental Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
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Inexpensive video cameras used by parents to record social communication in epidemiological investigations in early childhood-A feasibility study. Infant Behav Dev 2010; 34:63-71. [PMID: 21036401 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2010.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2009] [Revised: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We tested the feasibility of parents recording social interactions with their infants using inexpensive camcorders, as a potential method of effective, convenient, and economical large scale data gathering on social communication. Participants were asked to record two short video clips during either play or a mealtime, and return the data. Sixty-five video clips (32 pairs) were returned by 33 families, comprising 8.5% of families contacted, 44.6% of respondents and 51.6% of those sent a camcorder, and the general visual and sound quality of the data was assessed. Audio and video quality were adequate for analysis in 85% of clips and several social behaviours, including social engagement and contingent responsiveness, could be assessed in 97% of clips. We examined two quantifiable social behaviours quantitatively in both adults and infants: gaze direction and duration, and vocalization occurrence and duration. It proved difficult for most observers to obtain a simultaneous clear view of the parents and infant's face. Video clips obtained by parents are informative and usable for analysis. Further work is required to establish the acceptability of this technique in longitudinal studies of child development and to maximize the return of usable data.
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