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Ponomareva MA, Romanova MA, Shaposhnikova AA, Piavchenko GA. Topical Minoxidil Overdose in a Young Man With Androgenetic Alopecia: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e62382. [PMID: 39006707 PMCID: PMC11246695 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Minoxidil is an effective and relatively safe topical drug that is used to treat androgenetic alopecia and other types of alopecia. This active ingredient is used in dermatology as a hair growth stimulant; however, the use of solutions containing minoxidil can be accompanied by a variety of cardiovascular systemic side effects. In this case report, we describe the case of a 23-year-old man who presented with complaints of dizziness, blurred vision, general malaise, fatigue, and feeling pre-syncopal while standing after applying large amounts of topical minoxidil solution for three days in a row. Other potential causes of the presenting condition were excluded. The symptoms quickly resolved after the discontinuation of minoxidil. No other treatment was used apart from minoxidil withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Ponomareva
- Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, RUS
| | - Maria A Romanova
- Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, RUS
| | | | - Gennadii A Piavchenko
- Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, RUS
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Maqoud F, Zizzo N, Mele A, Denora N, Passantino G, Scala R, Cutrignelli A, Tinelli A, Laquintana V, la Forgia F, Fontana S, Franco M, Lopedota AA, Tricarico D. The hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-minoxidil inclusion complex improves the cardiovascular and proliferative adverse effects of minoxidil in male rats: Implications in the treatment of alopecia. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2020; 8:e00585. [PMID: 32378360 PMCID: PMC7203570 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of minoxidil (MXD) ethanolic solutions (1%-5% w/v) in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia is limited by adverse reactions. The toxicological effects of repeated topical applications of escalating dose (0.035%-3.5% w/v) and of single and twice daily doses (3.5% w/v) of a novel hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin MXD GEL formulation (MXD/HP-β-CD) and a MXD solution were investigated in male rats. The cardiovascular effects were evaluated by telemetric monitoring of ECG and arterial pressure in free-moving rats. Ultrasonographic evaluation of cardiac morphology and function, and histopathological and biochemical analysis of the tissues, were performed. A pharmacovigilance investigation was undertaken using the EudraVigilance database for the evaluation of the potential cancer-related effects of topical MXD. Following the application of repeated escalating doses of MXD solution, cardiac hypertrophy, hypotension, enhanced serum natriuretic peptides and K+ -ion levels, serum liver biomarkers, and histological lesions including renal cancer were observed. In addition, the administration of a twice daily dose of MXD solution, at SF rat vs human = 311, caused reductions in the systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure of the rats (-30.76 ± 3%, -28.84 ± 4%, and -30.66 ± 5%, respectively, vs the baseline; t test P < .05). These effects were not reversible following washout of the MXD solution. Retrospective investigation showed 32 cases of cancer associated with the use of topical MXD in humans. The rats treated with MXD HP-β-CD were less severely affected. MXD causes proliferative adverse effects. The MXD HP-β-CD inclusion complex reduces these adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Maqoud
- Section of PharmacologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Nicola Zizzo
- Anatomy PathologyDepartment of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Antonietta Mele
- Section of PharmacologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Nunzio Denora
- Pharmaceutical TechnologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Giuseppe Passantino
- Anatomy PathologyDepartment of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Rosa Scala
- Section of PharmacologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Annalisa Cutrignelli
- Pharmaceutical TechnologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Antonella Tinelli
- Anatomy PathologyDepartment of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Valentino Laquintana
- Pharmaceutical TechnologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Flavia la Forgia
- Farmalabor s.r.I.Centro di Ricerca “Dr. Sergio Fontana 1900‐1982”Canosa di PugliaItaly
| | - Sergio Fontana
- Farmalabor s.r.I.Centro di Ricerca “Dr. Sergio Fontana 1900‐1982”Canosa di PugliaItaly
| | - Massimo Franco
- Pharmaceutical TechnologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Angela Assunta Lopedota
- Pharmaceutical TechnologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Domenico Tricarico
- Section of PharmacologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
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Sfouq Aleanizy F, Yahya Alqahtani F, Alkahtani HM, Alquadeib B, Eltayeb EK, Aldarwesh A, Abdelhady HG, Alsarra IA. Colored Polymeric Nanofiber Loaded with Minoxidil Sulphate as Beauty Coverage and Restoring Hair Loss. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4084. [PMID: 32139735 PMCID: PMC7058081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60863-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric nanofibers fabricated by electrospinning either blank (PVA) or loaded with minoxidil sulphate have yielded optimum fibers with an average diameter 273 nm, and 511 nm, respectively. Thermal analysis of nanofibers indicated no chemical interaction. The NMR spectrum confirmed stability of nanofiber as there were no interactions between functional groups. Prepared nanofibers showed a 47.4% encapsulation efficiency and 73% yield. In vitro drug release of minoxidil sulphate from nanofiber exhibited an initial burst release followed by a slower release pattern. Stability studies revealed that minoxidil nanofiber was stable if stored at room temperature and protected from light with only loss of 9.6% of its nominal concentration within 6 months. As a result, the prepared solid/colored formula serves as an ideal formulation for such instable drug in liquid formula taking the advantage of the attractiveness of beauty colored coverage, and the simple, and non-tousled application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadilah Sfouq Aleanizy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fulwah Yahya Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad M Alkahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bushra Alquadeib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esraa K Eltayeb
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Aldarwesh
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam G Abdelhady
- Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 42 W. Warren Ave., Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ibrahim A Alsarra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
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