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Al-Binali F, Dargham SR, Mahfoud ZR. Positive Association Between Family and Teachers' Tobacco Use on the Smoking Behaviors of Iraqi Adolescents Attending Schools - A Cross Sectional Study Using the Global Youth Tobacco Survey. Tob Use Insights 2024; 17:1179173X241283468. [PMID: 39314802 PMCID: PMC11418361 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x241283468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: Adolescent tobacco and E-cigarette use have been rising globally in the past decade. Iraq's post-war conflict and economic crises posed psychosocial and mental health trauma, contributing to increased vulnerability to drug and substance use among adolescents. This study looks to assess the potential relationship between current tobacco and E-cigarette smoking and exposure to smoking at home and school among Iraqi adolescents attending schools. Methods: Data analysis for the 2019 Iraq Global Youth Tobacco Survey, a cross-sectional study completed by 2560 Iraqi adolescents aged 11 to 17 years old was conducted. The survey tool which includes demographic, tobacco use, knowledge and attitudes towards tobacco use questions is anonymous and self-administered using paper-based bubble sheets that are scannable. Current tobacco and E-cigarette use (defined as past 30-days) were the main outcomes. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between the main outcomes and the following variables: participants' demographics, exposure to smoking, attitude and knowledge scores. Results: Current tobacco and E-cigarette smoking prevalence among Iraqi adolescents attending school were 14.9% (95% CI: 13.5%-16.4%) and 9.7% (95% CI: 8.6%-11.0%), respectively. Exposure to smoking at home was high among fathers (39.1%), mothers (13.9%), siblings smoke (23.9%), other individuals smoke (56.1%). The percentages of students who witnessed people smoking within school premises was 45.7% and observed teachers smoking in schools was 57.6%. The current use of tobacco smoking among Iraqi adolescents was significantly and positively associated with exposure to smoking by the father (AOR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.05-1.85), mother (AOR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.30-2.60), sibling (AOR = 3.50; 95% CI: 2.62-4.67), teacher (AOR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.10-1.98), and people in school (AOR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.57-2.53). Similarly, the current use of E-cigarettes was significantly associated with father smoking (AOR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.29-3.16), sibling smoking (AOR = 3.09; 95% CI: 2.04-4.67), and people smoking in school (AOR2.02; 95% CI: 1.39-2.95). Conclusion: Stricter policies need to be enforced to ensure safer school environments that do not expose adolescents to smoking habits of teachers or other students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soha R. Dargham
- Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ziyad R. Mahfoud
- Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, NY, USA
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Heo G, Kim S, Cho SI, Yoo S, Hwang J. Factors influencing the overall satisfaction of teachers participating in a nationwide school-based smoking prevention program in Korea. Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-129. [PMID: 38988744 PMCID: PMC11234343 DOI: 10.18332/tid/190067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous studies of school-based smoking prevention programs (SSPPs) exist; however, most have been conducted from the students' perspective, and insufficient research has explored teachers' perceptions. Our study aimed to identify factors affecting overall satisfaction and operational status from the perspective of teachers participating in the SSPP. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study analyzing data from a survey regarding the operation of an SSPP conducted by the Korea Health Promotion Institute in 2022. The study sample comprised 669 teachers involved in the SSPP: 215 from elementary schools, 212 from middle schools, and 242 from high schools. To identify factors influencing teachers' overall satisfaction, independent variables were categorized into three types of factors: personal, school, and teacher perceptions. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed for each factor to test the independent association. RESULTS For elementary school teachers, as the necessity of smoking prevention and cessation education (β=0.292; 95% CI: 0.182-0.382) increased, the overall satisfaction with the operation of the SSPP significantly improved. Similarly, for middle school teachers, as the necessity of smoking prevention and cessation education (β=0.231; 95% CI: 0.104-0.336) increased, the overall satisfaction significantly improved. Conversely, for high school teachers, the effectiveness (β=0.347; 95% CI: 0.184-0.520) was the variable that significantly improved overall satisfaction with the SSPP operation. The variables affecting teacher satisfaction across all school levels were the necessity of smoking prevention and cessation education, the effectiveness of the SSPP, and its impact on smoking cessation among smoking students, all of which belonged to the teacher perceptions factor. CONCLUSIONS Smoking education in schools requires teachers to play a crucial role. Among participating teachers, overall satisfaction with SSPP operations and the influencing factors differed according to school level, highlighting the importance of careful consideration to establish a more effective operational environment tailored to each school level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon Heo
- Department of Health Administration, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulgi Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-il Cho
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Yoo
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Hwang
- Department of Health Administration, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Dadras O. Predictor of smoking cessation among school-going adolescents in Indonesia: a secondary analysis based on the transtheoretical model of behavioral change. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1374731. [PMID: 38516262 PMCID: PMC10954880 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1374731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study elucidates the complex journey of adolescents toward smoking cessation, investigating the association of relevant demographic factors, advertising, promotion, anti-cigarette messages, and individual knowledge and attitudes with being in different smoking cessation stages. Methods Utilizing data from the 2019 Indonesia Global Youth Tobacco Survey, this secondary analysis included adolescents who reported ever smoking. The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) guided the categorization of the outcome variable into three smoking cessation stages based on the responses to two questions related to the intention and timing of the smoking cessation. This included contemplation, action, and maintenance stages. Multinomial logistic regression analyzed the associations between each independent variable and being in each stage of smoking cessation. The study comprised 3596 Indonesian adolescents from grades 7-12, of which 2484 responded to two questions related to intention and timing of smoking cessation and were included in regression analysis. Results Findings indicate that males and those aged ≥16 were predominantly in contemplation phase. Early smoking initiation, usage of other tobacco products, and exposure to various forms of smoke increased the likelihood of being in contemplation and action phases. Parental smoking, school smoking exposure, and second-hand smoke were significant contemplation phase predictors. Exposure to tobacco advertising was linked to an increased likelihood of being in contemplation and action phases, whereas anti-cigarette messages showed no significant impact. Awareness of cigarette and second-hand smoke harms reduced the odds of being in the contemplation phase, while enjoying smoking and willingness to accept cigarettes from friends increased the odds of being in contemplation and action phases rather than in maintenance phase. Conclusion Addressing age, gender, cultural influences, environmental factors, and attitudes towards smoking through tailored interventions is vital for aiding smoking cessation in Indonesian adolescents. Strengthened tobacco control in schools and public places is recommended to bolster these efforts. Longitudinal studies are required to explore the evolving patterns of smoking cessation behaviors over time, enhancing our understanding of the factors influencing sustained cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Dadras
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Danielsen D, Vinther JL, Holt DH, Jakobsen GS, Bast LS, Andersen S. Factors sustaining legitimacy of smoking in Vocational Education and Training (VET) schools: a qualitative needs assessment. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:683. [PMID: 38438986 PMCID: PMC10913276 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most adult smokers started smoking in their teenage years, which increases the risk of nicotine dependence. In Denmark, there is a high prevalence of youth smoking among students in Vocational Education and Training (VET). However, reducing and preventing smoking in this group is a major challenge. This article presents a needs assessment aimed to explore factors sustaining legitimacy of smoking in VET schools and consider the measures needed to prepare VET schools' implementation of smoking reduction and prevention interventions. METHODS Participant observations were conducted in four VET classes representing three VET schools in Denmark with a duration of four days each. Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted with teachers, managers, and a student advisor, as well as four focus groups with a total of 20 students. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed, and the data material was analyzed following Malterud's systematic text condensation. FINDINGS Factors that helped sustain legitimacy of smoking in VET schools included a positive and normalized attitude towards smoking at home and among friends, an understanding of smoking as an integral and expected practice in VET professions and schools, a perceived reliance on smoking as an icebreaker in new social relations and as a pedagogical tool, and smoking as a habit and a means to deal with boredom and stress relief. CONCLUSIONS The factors sustaining legitimacy of smoking in VET schools are reciprocal and call for smoking reduction and prevention intervention efforts which consider and address social influence, habitual behavior, and psychological needs, as well as changes at the policy level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Danielsen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Johan Lerbech Vinther
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ditte Heering Holt
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte Sofie Jakobsen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lotus Sofie Bast
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susan Andersen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Terefe B, Jembere MM, Chekole B, Assimamaw NT, Gebeyehu DA. Frequency of cigarette smoking and its associated factors among men in East Africa: a pooled prevalence analysis of national survey using multinomial regression. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:668. [PMID: 38429672 PMCID: PMC10908029 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the harmful effects of smoking, there have been few studies to pinpoint the factors of this habit, and little is known about it in the East African region. For this reason, this study sought to determine the frequency and factors of cigarette smoking among men in the region. METHODS Data from recent demographic and health surveys carried out in ten East African countries between 2015 and 2022 were analyzed in this study. Data from 87,022 men was collected. The key factors affecting the smoking rates in the area were investigated using binary and multiple multinomial logistic regression. To ascertain if variables were statistically significant in the final model for binary regression and multiple regression, P values of ≤ 0.2 and < 0.05 were used respectively. RESULTS Overall, about 14.69% of people currently smoke cigarettes. Of this about 11.03 (95% CI = 10.82, 11.24) was for daily active tobacco use. As compared to < 26-year-old men, men with an age range of 26-35 years (RRR = 2.17, 95% CI: 2.01,2.34), 36-45 years (RRR = 2.82, 95% CI: 2.60, 3.07), and > 45 years old (RRR = 3.68, 95% CI: 3.38, 4.02), were using cigarettes daily rather than no-smoking cigarettes. Men who had begun their first sexual intercourse at the age of 7-19 years (RRR = 6.27,95% CI, 5.35,7.35), 20-25 years (RRR = 4.01, 95% CI, 3.40,4.72), and greater than 25 years old (RRR = 3.08, 95% CI, 2.55,3.71) have shown a higher relative risk ratio to smoke cigarette daily rather than using not smoke cigarette respectively, married (RRR = 0.86, 95% CI, 0.79,0.93), divorced or widowed (RRR = 2.51, 95% CI, 2.27,2.77), middle wealth index (RRR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.98,2.24), and rich (RRR = 1.44, 95% CI, 1.34,1.54), secondary/higher education (RRR = 0.72, 05% CI, 0.66,0.77), rural men (RRR = 0.69, 95% CI, 0.65,0.73), employed men (RRR = 1.26,95% CI, 1.17,1.36), mass media exposure (RRR = 0.76, 95% CI, 0.73,0.81), men who have one sex partner (RRR = 1.23,95% CI,1.13,1.35), and more than one sex partner (RRR = 1.63, 95% CI, 1.47,1.79) more times as compared to those participants who had no sex partner respectively. CONCLUSIONS Men in East African nations were substantially more likely to smoke cigarettes if they were older, had less education, had a higher wealth index, were divorced or widowed, had many sexual relationships, had early sexual activity, resided in an urban area, were employed, or had no media exposure. The identified factors should be considered by policymakers and public health professionals to lower smoking initiation and increase smoking cessation among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bewuketu Terefe
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Post Office Box: 196, Ethiopia.
| | - Mahlet Moges Jembere
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Bogale Chekole
- Department of Comprehensive Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Southern, Ethiopia
| | - Nega Tezera Assimamaw
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Ayelegne Gebeyehu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Ma Y, Zhou M, Yu W, Zou Z, Ge P, Ma ZF, Tong Y, Li W, Li Q, Li Y, Zhu S, Sun X, Wu Y. Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and e-health literacy(e-HL) to investigate the tobacco control intentions and behaviors of non-smoking college students in China: a cross-sectional investigation. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:765. [PMID: 37098499 PMCID: PMC10127360 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15644-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-smoking college students are starting to smoke in increasing numbers, which shows that their tobacco control situation seems not optimistic. The UTAUT and e-HL are commonly used models and theories to predict health behaviors, while there are few studies on tobacco control. This paper aims to study the influencing factors of tobacco control intention and behavior of non-smoking college students in China by combining the UTAUT and e-HL. METHODS Based on the stratified sampling method, 625 college students from 12 universities were selected. Data were collected using a self-made questionnaire designed based on the UTAUT and e-health literacy scales. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 and AMOS 26, including descriptive statistics, one-way variance analysis and structural equation model analysis. RESULTS The results of one-way variance analysis showed that there were significant differences in the score of non-smoking college students' tobacco control intention or behavior by hometowns, monthly living expenses, and parents' smoking history. Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence had direct positive effects on behavioral intention. Facilitating condition, behavioral intention had direct positive impacts on use behavior and e-HL had an indirect positive impact on use behavior. CONCLUSIONS The combination of the UTAUT and e-HL can be used as an appropriate framework to predict the influencing factors of non-smoking college students' intention and behavior of tobacco control. Improving performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and e-HL among non-smoking college students, creating positive social environments, and providing facilitating condition are key aspects of increasing their tobacco control intention and behavior. It is also beneficial to promote the implementation of smoke-free campus and smoke-free family projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ma
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Mengxia Zhou
- School of Media and Communication, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Wenli Yu
- School of Foreign Languages, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, 262700, China
| | - Ziyue Zou
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Pu Ge
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zheng Feei Ma
- Centre for Public Health and Wellbeing, School of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Yuting Tong
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Second Clinical Medical School, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qiyu Li
- School of Humanities and Health Management, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China
| | - Yunshan Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Siya Zhu
- School of Foreign Languages, Anhui University of Technology, Anhui, 243000, China
| | - Xinying Sun
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Haidian District, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Haidian District, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Cheng X, Guo X, Jin C. Social determinants of smoking among school adolescents in Beijing, China. Tob Induc Dis 2022; 20:73. [PMID: 36118554 PMCID: PMC9426650 DOI: 10.18332/tid/152202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the social determinants that influence adolescent smoking behavior has a meaningful impact on adolescent health. Few studies have simultaneously analyzed the impact of teacher smoking and peer smoking on adolescent smoking. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the impact of teacher smoking, peer smoking, and other social factors, on adolescent smoking. METHODS The participants were drawn from schools in Beijing, China, in 2011, 2013, and 2015, using a multi-stage random group sampling method. The number of schools selected for each year was 160. The study participants were 57240 adolescents aged 8-19 years. The generalized linear model with a binomial distribution and logarithmic link function was used to estimate the influence of social determinants on adolescent smoking behavior. RESULTS The results show that both teacher smoking and peer smoking were significantly associated with adolescent smoking. Compared to adolescents whose teachers did not smoke, the prevalence ratio (PR) was 1.28 for adolescents with one teacher who smoked and 1.34 for adolescents with two or more teachers who smoked (95% CI: 1.16-1.41/1.23-1.46, p<0.001/0.001, respectively). Compared to adolescents whose peers did not smoke, the prevalence ratio (PR) was 3.73 for adolescents with one peer who smoked and 8.52 for adolescents with two or more peers who smoked (95% CI: 3.20-4.35/7.48-9.69, p<0.001/0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Teacher smoking and peer smoking are significant social determinants of adolescent smoking. Prevention programs should concurrently target peer groups, school settings, and individual students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cheng
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Guo
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenggang Jin
- Research Center for Health and Social Policy, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
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Tan YL, Chen ZY, He YP, Xu G, Yu ZP, Zhu JF. Awareness of tobacco control policies and anti-tobacco attitudes and behaviors among school personnel. Tob Induc Dis 2022; 20:54. [PMID: 35799622 PMCID: PMC9179323 DOI: 10.18332/tid/149926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescent smoking is a serious public health concern, and the role of personnel in reducing students’tobacco use has been proven. Anti-tobacco policies are strong factors for tobacco control but most are newly implemented in China. This study aimed to examine the awareness of anti-tobacco policies among school personnel in a southern city of China, and assess its influence on personnel’s anti-tobacco attitudes and behaviors towards students. METHODS An online cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2017 and January 2018 in schools of Shanghai, China. A total of 3194 subjects from 33 schools were selected by a two-stage stratified cluster randomized sampling design. Prevalence of anti-tobacco policy awareness is presented. Crude (ORs) and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess the association between policy awareness and anti-tobacco attitudes or behaviors. RESULTS In all, 22.4% of surveyed participants knew four or five polices presented in the survey and 13.0% of personnel knew none of these policies. Most of the participants fully support prohibiting indoor (94.6%) and outdoor (86.3%) smoking in public places, bans on tobacco advertising (90.9%), and printing warning pictures on cigarette boxes (89.5%). Less than half of the personnel had taken action to stop students from smoking (45.7%), encourage students to quit smoking (42.4%) or participated in relevant educational activities held by schools (37.4%) in the previous year. The school personnel’s anti-tobacco attitudes (AOR=1.28; 95% CI: 1.21–1.36) and behaviors (AOR=1.10; 95% CI: 1.03–1.17) were strengthened with increasing level of policy awareness. CONCLUSIONS The involvement of school personnel can be an important part of intervention to improve anti-tobacco campaigns on campus. The study calls for the implementation of projects or activities to improve anti-tobacco policy awareness in the school environment as part of school tobacco control strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Liang Tan
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Yue Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Ping He
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, United States
| | - Jing-Fen Zhu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Temam S, Billaudeau N, Kab S, Zins M, Alexander S, Vercambre MN. Health behaviours of teachers and other education professionals in France: can we do better? Health Promot Int 2021; 37:6372722. [PMID: 34542611 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daab151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Education professionals play a critical role in health education, both as knowledge providers and as role-models. Drawing on the CONSTANCES French cohort (baseline 2012-19) and adjusting for important confounders, we compared education professionals (n = 14 730) with a random sample of non-education sector employees (n = 34 244) on three indicators of high-risk behaviour (at-risk drinking, current smoking, past-year cannabis use) and three indicators of unhealthy lifestyle (low physical activity, poor adherence to nutritional guidelines, overweight/obesity). Among education professionals, we distinguished between teachers (n = 12 820), school principals (n = 372), senior education advisers (n = 189), school health professionals (n = 128) and school service staff (n = 1221). Compared with non-education sector employees with similar demographic and socioeconomic profiles, teachers were less likely to be at-risk drinkers, to smoke, to have used cannabis in the past year and to be overweight/obese. Other non-teaching education professionals were also less involved in high-risk behaviours than non-education employees, but results were more mixed concerning some lifestyle indicators, with certain non-teaching education professional groups showing a higher likelihood of being physically inactive or overweight/obese. In this nationwide French study, our results suggest a window of opportunity to promote school staff health but also indirectly, that of the youth with whom they interact daily. We suggest that school staff should be supported in health matters not only through the provision of health information but also most importantly, through the development of a favourable and supportive environment enabling them to put health knowledge into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Temam
- MGEN Foundation for Public Health, 3 square Max-Hymans, 75748 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Nathalie Billaudeau
- MGEN Foundation for Public Health, 3 square Max-Hymans, 75748 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Sofiane Kab
- Inserm UMS 011, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant-Couturier, 94 807 Villejuif, France
| | - Marie Zins
- Inserm UMS 011, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant-Couturier, 94 807 Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Faculty of Medicine, 15 rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Alexander
- MGEN Foundation for Public Health, 3 square Max-Hymans, 75748 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Marie-Noël Vercambre
- MGEN Foundation for Public Health, 3 square Max-Hymans, 75748 Paris Cedex 15, France
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Henderson E, Lugo A, Liu X, Continente X, Fernández E, López MJ, Gallus S. Secondhand smoke presence in outdoor areas in 12 European countries. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110806. [PMID: 33515582 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Secondhand smoke (SHS) causes morbidity and mortality among non-smokers. OBJECTIVES To investigate SHS presence in outdoor areas from 12 European countries and its association with country-level characteristics. METHODS Cross-sectional study performed in 2017-2018 within the TackSHS project. We conducted a face-to-face survey on a representative sample of the population aged 15 years and older from 12 European countries: Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Poland, Portugal, Romania, and Spain. Out of 11,902 participants, 8,562 were non-smokers. SHS presence was assessed in selected outdoor areas and defined as respondents viewing someone smoking the last time they visited each setting within the last 6 months. A ranking score for outdoor SHS presence was assigned to each country based on the SHS presence in each setting. We used Spearman's correlation (r) and the Chi-squared tests to assess the relationship between SHS presence and country-level characteristics. RESULTS Except for children's playgrounds (39.5%; 95% confidence interval, CI: 37.6%-41.3%), more than half of non-smokers reported SHS presence in outdoor areas: schools (52.0%; 95%CI: 50.2%-53.7%), stadia (57.4%; 95%CI: 55.4%-59.4%), parks (67.3%; 95%CI: 66.0%-68.5%), hospitals (67.3%; 95%CI: 65.8%-68.7%), public transport stops (69.9%; 95%CI: 68.6%-71.2%), bar/restaurant terraces (71.4%; 95%CI: 70.2%-72.6%), and beaches (72.8%; 95%CI: 71.4%-74.1%). Residents in Latvia showed the highest overall outdoor SHS presence rank, followed by Greece, and Portugal. Outdoor SHS presence was directly correlated to the country's smoking prevalence (r = 0.64), and inversely correlated to the Tobacco Control Scale 2016 overall score (r = -0.62), the socio-demographic index 2017 (r = -0.56), and Gross Domestic Product per capita 2018 (r = -0.47) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS SHS presence is high in most outdoor areas in Europe, especially in countries with higher smoking prevalence and lower tobacco control performance. To address outdoor SHS exposure, our findings require considering smoking bans along with other strategies to reduce smoking prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Henderson
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut (DCEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alessandra Lugo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Xiaoqiu Liu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Xavier Continente
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Sant Pau Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esteve Fernández
- Tobacco Control Unit, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Tobacco Control Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria J López
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut (DCEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Sant Pau Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Silvano Gallus
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Rahman KMM, Tareque MI. Determinants of cigarette/bidi smoking among youth male in rural Mymensingh of Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244335. [PMID: 33370411 PMCID: PMC7769457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking cigarette/bidi, is a serious health threat, causes preventable premature morbidity and mortality. Higher prevalence of smoking among the youth hampers a country's development, as the youth are the main drivers of socio-economic development. An effective understanding of factors associated with youth smoking is precious to prevent youth smoking. This study aims to identify the determinants of smoking cigarette/bidi among the youth male of the rural areas of Mymensingh district in Bangladesh. METHODS The primary data from the project "Knowledge, awareness and practices among youth smokers in Trishal Upazila under Mymensingh district: A micro-survey study", funded by the Research and Extension Center, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Bangladesh was utilized in the current study. The data consists of 385 youth males aged 15-24 years who were interviewed face-to-face from the rural areas of Mymensingh district in Bangladesh. Univariate distribution, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression model were employed to identify the factors associated with smoking cigarette/bidi among the youth male. RESULTS The prevalence of smoking cigarette/bidi among the youth male is 40.3% [95% CI: 35.0%-45.0%]. Age, occupation, monthly income, family's monthly income, cigarette/bidi smoking status of father, brother and close friends, and knowledge about harmfulness of smoking are revealed as the determinants of cigarette/bidi smoking. For instance, the odds of being smoker increases with the increase in age (Odds ratio [OR]: 1.33 [1.17-1.51]). Business owner is less likely (OR: 0.15 [0.03-0.68]) to smoke than the day labourer. Having smoker fathers (OR: 2.51 [1.39-4.53]), smoker brothers (OR: 2.88 [1.39-5.96]), smoker friends (OR: 9.85 [5.85-1.27]) are significantly associated with smoking cigarette/bidi. CONCLUSION As the first study, it provides the determinants of cigarette/bidi smoking among youth male of the rural areas of Mymensingh district in Bangladesh. Relevant authorities are suggested to consider the study's findings and recommendations to revise the existing smoking policies so that smoking among youth can be prevented for future development of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. M. Mustafizur Rahman
- Department of Population Science, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ismail Tareque
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- * E-mail: ,
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Henderson E, Continente X, Fernández E, Tigova O, Cortés-Francisco N, Gallus S, Lugo A, Semple S, O'Donnell R, Clancy L, Keogan S, Ruprecht A, Borgini A, Tzortzi A, Vyzikidou VK, Gorini G, López-Nicolás A, Soriano JB, Geshanova G, Osman J, Mons U, Przewozniak K, Precioso J, Brad R, López MJ. Secondhand smoke exposure and other signs of tobacco consumption at outdoor entrances of primary schools in 11 European countries. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 743:140743. [PMID: 32758838 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although smoking restrictions at child-related settings are progressively being adopted, school outdoor entrances are neglected in most smoke-free policies across Europe. OBJECTIVES To describe secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and tobacco-related signs in outdoor entrances of primary schools in Europe according to area-level socioeconomic status (SES), smoke-free policy, national smoking prevalence, and geographical region. METHODS In this cross-sectional study we monitored vapor-phase nicotine concentrations at 220 school outdoor entrances in 11 European countries (March 2017-October 2018). To account for nicotine presence, we used the laboratory's limit of quantification of 0.06 μg/m3 as point threshold. We also recorded the presence of smell of smoke, people smoking, cigarette butts, and ashtrays. Half of the schools were in deprived areas. We grouped countries according to their Tobacco Control Scale (TCS) score, smoking prevalence (2017-2018), and United Nations M49 geographical region. RESULTS There were detectable levels of nicotine in 45.9% of the outdoor entrances, in 29.1% smell of smoke, in 43.2% people smoking, in 75.0% discarded butts, and in 14.6% ashtrays. Median nicotine concentration was below the laboratory's limit of quantification <0.06 μg/m3 (Interquartile range:<0.06-0.119). We found higher SHS levels in countries with lower TCS scores, higher national smoking prevalence, and in the Southern and Eastern European regions. People smoking were more common in schools from lower area-level SES and in countries with lower TCS scores (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Smoking at school outdoor entrances is a source of SHS exposure in Europe. These findings support the extension of smoking bans with a clear perimeter to the outdoor entrances of schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Henderson
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Pl. Lesseps, 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut (DCEXS), Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 282029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Continente
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Pl. Lesseps, 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 282029 Madrid, Spain; Sant Pau Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esteve Fernández
- Tobacco Control Unit, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Av. Granvia de l'Hospitalet 199-203, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Tobacco Control Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Av. Granvia de l'Hospitalet 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga, s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 282029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olena Tigova
- Tobacco Control Unit, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Av. Granvia de l'Hospitalet 199-203, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Tobacco Control Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Av. Granvia de l'Hospitalet 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga, s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 282029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Cortés-Francisco
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Pl. Lesseps, 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; Sant Pau Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvano Gallus
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lugo
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Sean Semple
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - Rachel O'Donnell
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - Luke Clancy
- TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sheila Keogan
- TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ario Ruprecht
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Giacomo Venezian, 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Borgini
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Giacomo Venezian, 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Tzortzi
- George D. Behrakis Research Lab-Hellenic Cancer Society, 17 B Ipitou Street, 10557 Athens, Greece
| | - Vergina K Vyzikidou
- George D. Behrakis Research Lab-Hellenic Cancer Society, 17 B Ipitou Street, 10557 Athens, Greece
| | - Giuseppe Gorini
- Istituto per lo Studio, la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio, 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Angel López-Nicolás
- Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (UPCT), Plaza Cronista Isidoro Valverde, s/n, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Joan B Soriano
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 282029 Madrid, Spain; Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP), Diego de León, 62, Planta 1, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gergana Geshanova
- Smoke-free Life Coalition, Slivnitsa Blvd, 257, 1202 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Joseph Osman
- OFT Conseil, Office Français de santé et bien-être au Travail, Rue Gobert, 12, 75011 Paris, France
| | - Ute Mons
- Cancer Prevention Unit & WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld, 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Przewozniak
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 15B Wawelska Str., 02-034, Warsaw, Poland; The Foundation Smart Health - Health in 3D, 24 Makolagwy Str., 02-811 Warsaw, Poland; Collegium Civitas, 1 Defilad Square, 00-901 Warsaw, Poland
| | - José Precioso
- Instituto de Educação, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ramona Brad
- Healthy Romania Generation 2035 Association, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria J López
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Pl. Lesseps, 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut (DCEXS), Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 282029 Madrid, Spain; Sant Pau Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
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Muñoz-Pindado C, Muñoz-Pindado C, Gómez-Fernández M, Lora-Pablos D, Muñoz-Méndez J. [High level of student smokers in Madrid compared with a similar previous study of 2014]. Semergen 2020; 46:313-323. [PMID: 32089401 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2019.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is a public health problem that affects young people, and influenced by the environment and cultural level. OBJECTIVES To determine smoking prevalence among high-level baccalaureate students in the Autonomous Community of Madrid during the 2018-2019 academic year. To assess the influence of the socio-cultural environment on the onset of youth smoking. To compare the results with previous studies conducted on students of baccalaureate of excellence (BE) and the general population. POPULATION AND METHODS Cross-sectional study on BE students in the Autonomous Community of Madrid. Using an anonymous questionnaire, they were asked about tobacco, alcohol and drug consumption, as well as the influence of the environment, friends, and family in the beginning. To compare with previous studies. RESULTS A total of 740 valid questionnaires were collected, of which 430 (58.1%) were female, an overall mean age of 16.57±0.61 years, and 53 (7.18%) were smokers. The majority 39 (78%) of smokers acknowledged their friends' influence at its onset. Alcohol was consumed by 349 (47.48%) and other drugs by 109 (15.27%). Being a smoker was related to alcohol, other drugs, a smoking mother, smoking siblings and smoking friends. CONCLUSIONS Smoking prevalence among students of BE in Autonomous Community of Madrid continues to be lower than the prevalence of adolescents of their age and there are no variations from previous reports. Starting smoking is related to smoking by friends, siblings, and the mother and with the consumption of alcohol and other substances. Education is very important in the beginning and prevention of smoking, and it is necessary to implement prevention programs at early ages in order to promote their effectiveness, and aimed at young people, parents and teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Muñoz-Pindado
- Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Atención Primaria de Manlleu, Hospital Universitario de Vic, Barcelona, España.
| | - M Gómez-Fernández
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital HM Puerta del Sur, Móstoles, Madrid, España; Facultad de Medicina USP-CEU, Madrid, España
| | - D Lora-Pablos
- Servicio de Estadística, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España
| | - J Muñoz-Méndez
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España
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Escario JJ, Wilkinson AV. Exploring predictors of online gambling in a nationally representative sample of Spanish adolescents. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Boing AC, Boing AF, Subramanian SV. Association of violence in schools' vicinity and smoking in schools' premises with tobacco use among Brazilian adolescents. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2019; 35:e00057919. [PMID: 31800782 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00057919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to quantify the overall importance of schools in explaining the individual variance of tobacco use and to test the association between characteristics of the school environment and its vicinity with the experimentation and current use of cigarettes. We analyzed data from 102,072 Brazilian adolescents interviewed in the 2015 National School Health Survey (PeNSE). Multilevel logistic regression models were performed to estimate the between-schools variance and to test the association between school-level variables and the use of tobacco. Violence in the vicinity of the school and presence of teachers or students smoking on school premises were the school-level characteristics. The analyses were adjusted by individual covariates and stratified by gender. Around 12.5% of the individual variance in ever smoking was explained by between-school variation among girls (9.2% among boys). The figures were even higher for current smoking (14.9% girls; 12.2% boys) and current use of other tobacco products (27.7% girls; 17.8% boys). In general, the use of tobacco was associated with the existence of violence in the vicinity of the schools and was higher among students whose schools reported that students and teachers (teachers only for use of other tobacco products among girls) smoke on school premises. Tobacco use on school premises and the safety of the neighborhood where the school is located are associated with some smoking behaviors among adolescents. Such findings reinforce the necessity to effectively consider interventions in the school environment and neighborhood to fight smoking among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Fernando Boing
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brasil.,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, U.S.A
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Zhao X, Davey G, Wan X. Mindfulness, Smoking Intention, and Nicotine Dependence Among Buddhist Ethnic Minority Adolescents in China. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/1067828x.2019.1680469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhao
- Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
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Duko B, Melese Y, Ebrahim J. Determinants of cigarette smoking among adolescents in Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Tob Induc Dis 2019; 17:62. [PMID: 31582951 PMCID: PMC6770620 DOI: 10.18332/tid/110800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cigarette smoking is an important health hazard and major preventable cause of morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of cigarette smoking among Tabor secondary and preparatory school students in Hawassa City, Ethiopia, 2018. METHODS A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 564 students aged 15-22 years using simple random sampling techniques, in the period 5-19 March 2018. Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) was used to assess smoking behaviours. Logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with cigarette smoking. RESULTS The student prevalence of cigarette smoking was found to be 11% (95% CI: 8.5-13.9) of which 9.4% were current smokers. The proportion of cigarette smoking among male and female students was 8.2% and 2.8%, respectively. An age ≥18 years (AOR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.29-7.00), students having friends who smoke (AOR= 4.04, 95% CI: 2.04-7.45), khat chewing (AOR=5.57, 95% CI: 2.44-12.76), alcohol consumption (AOR=4.14, 95% CI: 1.84-9.70) and illegal or illicit drug use (AOR=5.84, 95% CI: 1.96-17.36) were found to be significantly associated with cigarette smoking. CONCLUSIONS Cost-effective programs that involve the participation of families, teachers and other stakeholders to deliver health education and which restrict accessibility, advertising and use of substances like alcohol, cigarettes, and other illicit drugs, are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bereket Duko
- Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Yirdaw Melese
- Department of Nursing, Rift Valley University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Jemal Ebrahim
- Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
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The visibility of smoking in Europe and its relationship with youth's positive beliefs about smoking. Int J Public Health 2019; 64:1335-1344. [PMID: 31486855 PMCID: PMC6868106 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-019-01288-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To determine adolescent-reported visibility of smoking in different public and private spaces in Europe and associations between smoking visibility and beliefs about the benefits of smoking. Methods We used SILNE-R cross-sectional survey data (2016/2017) of 10,798 14–16-year-old students from 55 secondary schools in seven European cities. Respondents reported for private and public spaces whether they had seen others smoke there in the last 6 months. Beliefs about the benefits of smoking were measured on a 7-item scale; higher scores indicated more positive beliefs. Multilevel linear regression analyses determined associations while controlling for potential confounders and stratifying by smoking status. Results Most students reported observing others smoke in public spaces, especially at train/bus stations (84%). Positive beliefs about smoking of never smokers were positively associated with seeing others smoke in train/bus stations and leisure/sports facilities, but not at home, a friend’s home, restaurants or bars, when fully adjusted. Associations were of similar magnitude for ever smokers. Conclusions Smoking in several public places is highly visible to adolescents. Reducing this visibility might weaken positive beliefs that adolescents have about smoking. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00038-019-01288-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Zhu J, Shi F, Xu G, Li N, Li J, He Y, Yu J. Conventional Cigarette and E-Cigarette Smoking among School Personnel in Shanghai, China: Prevalence and Determinants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16173197. [PMID: 31480564 PMCID: PMC6747063 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Smoking cigarettes and e-cigarettes is widely popular among Chinese students. Considering that school personnel are considered role models in the student community, we investigated the prevalence and determinants of such behavior among high school personnel in China so as to provide references for future related intervention measures. We used a stratified cluster sampling design on a total number of 3311 school employees recruited from 33 representative schools. Complex sampling analysis and logistic regressions were used for univariate and multivariate analyses. Among 3194 participants that met the study criteria, 7.4% were cigarette users, and 3.6% e-cigarette consumers. For conventional cigarette smokers, certain characteristics, such as being older and male, attaining less education, and having been exposed to secondhand smoke, were associated with heavier smoking. Nevertheless, e-cigarette users were predominantly male and of younger age. Those who understood the hazards of conventional cigarette smoking had less inclination to smoke but were at a higher risk of e-cigarette use. Our analysis suggests that it is necessary to target different populations for monitoring and controlling conventional cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use respectively among school personnel. In addition, China is in need of more relevant and strict anti-smoking regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfen Zhu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fanghui Shi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Gang Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yaping He
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Jinming Yu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Laguna MC, Hecht AA, Ponce J, Jue T, Brindis CD, Patel AI. Teachers as Healthy Beverage Role Models: Relationship of Student and Teacher Beverage Choices in Elementary Schools. J Community Health 2019; 45:121-127. [PMID: 31407126 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-019-00717-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Schools are a key setting for curbing student intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). While studies suggest that restrictions on SSBs, increased access to healthier beverages, and education about the importance of drinking water instead of SSBs can promote healthier beverage patterns among students, there is little known about the impact that teachers' own beverage choices can have on those of their students. Data were drawn from cross-sectional surveys administered as part of a larger evaluation of a drinking water access and promotion intervention in public elementary schools in the San Francisco Bay Area region of California. Descriptive statistics were used to examine teacher (n = 56) and student (n = 1176) self-reported beverage consumption at school. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to examine associations between teacher and student beverage intake adjusting for clustering of students by teacher. Teachers were also surveyed via open-ended questions about strategies to increase student water consumption at school. Nearly all teachers reported drinking water during the school day (95%), often in front of students. Teacher SSB intake was rare (9%). Students whose teachers drank water in front of their classes were significantly more likely to report drinking water during the school day. Teachers tend to select healthy beverages at work and may serve as role models to encourage student consumption of water instead of SSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith C Laguna
- Division of General Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 2330 Post St. #320, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| | - Amelie A Hecht
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Julian Ponce
- University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, USA
| | - Tyson Jue
- FIRST 5 Santa Clara County, San Jose, USA
| | - Claire D Brindis
- Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Anisha I Patel
- Division of General Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
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