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Becker B, Wottawa F, Bakr M, Koncina E, Mayr L, Kugler J, Yang G, Windross SJ, Neises L, Mishra N, Harris D, Tran F, Welz L, Schwärzler J, Bánki Z, Stengel ST, Ito G, Krötz C, Coleman OI, Jaeger C, Haller D, Paludan SR, Blumberg R, Kaser A, Cicin-Sain L, Schreiber S, Adolph TE, Letellier E, Rosenstiel P, Meiser J, Aden K. Serine metabolism is crucial for cGAS-STING signaling and viral defense control in the gut. iScience 2024; 27:109173. [PMID: 38496294 PMCID: PMC10943449 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases are characterized by the chronic relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. While the molecular causality between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and intestinal inflammation is widely accepted, the metabolic consequences of chronic ER stress on the pathophysiology of IBD remain unclear. By using in vitro, in vivo models, and patient datasets, we identified a distinct polarization of the mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism and a fine-tuning of the amino acid uptake in intestinal epithelial cells tailored to support GSH and NADPH metabolism upon ER stress. This metabolic phenotype strongly correlates with IBD severity and therapy response. Mechanistically, we uncover that both chronic ER stress and serine limitation disrupt cGAS-STING signaling, impairing the epithelial response against viral and bacterial infection and fueling experimental enteritis. Consequently, the antioxidant treatment restores STING function and virus control. Collectively, our data highlight the importance of serine metabolism to allow proper cGAS-STING signaling and innate immune responses upon gut inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Becker
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Felix Wottawa
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Mohamed Bakr
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Eric Koncina
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Université du Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Lisa Mayr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Metabolism & Endocrinology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia Kugler
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Guang Yang
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Laura Neises
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Neha Mishra
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Danielle Harris
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Florian Tran
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lina Welz
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Julian Schwärzler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Metabolism & Endocrinology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zoltán Bánki
- Institute of Virology, Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Public Health, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stephanie T. Stengel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Go Ito
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christina Krötz
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Olivia I. Coleman
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Christian Jaeger
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Dirk Haller
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- ZIEL-Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | | | - Richard Blumberg
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arthur Kaser
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, UK
| | - Luka Cicin-Sain
- Helmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Timon E. Adolph
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Metabolism & Endocrinology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Letellier
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Université du Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannes Meiser
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Konrad Aden
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Garbers C, Lokau J. Cytokines of the interleukin-6 family as emerging targets in inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:57-65. [PMID: 38217849 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2306341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an umbrella term that includes different chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. IBD affects more than 6 million people worldwide and constitutes not only a debilitating disease for the patients, but also a significant factor for society due to costs for health care and reduced working capacity. Despite the introduction of biologicals for the treatment of IBD, the identification of novel targets that could lead to novel therapeutics is still needed. AREAS COVERED In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the interleukin-6 family of cytokines as potential therapeutic targets for improving the therapy of patients with IBD. We discuss cytokines like IL-6 itself for which therapeutics such as inhibitory monoclonal antibodies have already entered the clinics, but also focus on other family members whose therapeutic potential has not been explored yet. EXPERT OPINION The different cytokines of the IL-6 family offer multiple therapeutic targets that can potentially be used to treat patients with inflammatory bowel disease, but unwanted side effects like inhibition of epithelial regeneration have to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Garbers
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Juliane Lokau
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Jiménez C, Fernández J, Aroca M, Bordagaray MJ, Pellegrini E, Contador J, Hernández M, Valenzuela F, Fernández A. Association of Periodontitis and Atopic Dermatitis with the Levels of IL-13, IL-31, and TSLP in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15592. [PMID: 37958576 PMCID: PMC10650793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging epidemiological evidence links atopic dermatitis (AD) and periodontitis, although the mechanisms remain unclear. Th2-derived cytokines are key in the development of both diseases, and different gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) profiles among healthy and diseased subjects have been previously reported. This case-control study examined the GCF levels of interleukins (IL)-13, IL-31, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in 29 subjects with moderate-to-severe AD and 33 controls. All subjects underwent comprehensive clinical and oral evaluations, followed by GCF collection. GCF levels of IL-13, IL-31, and TSLP were assessed using a multiplex-bead immunoassay. Demographic and periodontal parameters were similar among groups (p > 0.05). The GCF levels of IL-31 and TSLP were higher in AD subjects compared to controls (p < 0.05), whereas no significant differences in the GCF levels of IL-13 were noticed (p = 0.377). Moderate-to-severe AD was positively associated with the GCF levels of IL-31 and TSLP, whereas severe periodontitis was negatively associated with IL-31 (p < 0.05). The GCF levels of IL-13 showed no significant associations with either condition (p = 0.689). There was no significant interaction between AD and periodontitis for IL-31 (p < 0.869). These results suggest that AD and periodontitis independently influence the GCF levels of IL-31 in opposing ways, whereas AD alone influences the levels of TSLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Jiménez
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Echaurren 237, Santiago 8370133, Chile; (C.J.); (M.A.)
| | - Javier Fernández
- International Center for Clinical Studies (CIEC), Probity Medical Research, Manzano 343, Santiago 8420383, Chile;
| | - Marcela Aroca
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Echaurren 237, Santiago 8370133, Chile; (C.J.); (M.A.)
| | - María José Bordagaray
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 943, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (M.J.B.); (E.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Elizabeth Pellegrini
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 943, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (M.J.B.); (E.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Javier Contador
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Av. Plaza 2501, Santiago 7620157, Chile;
| | - Marcela Hernández
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 943, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (M.J.B.); (E.P.); (M.H.)
- Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, 943 Olivos Street, Santiago 8380544, Chile
| | - Fernando Valenzuela
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Av. Plaza 2501, Santiago 7620157, Chile;
| | - Alejandra Fernández
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Echaurren 237, Santiago 8370133, Chile; (C.J.); (M.A.)
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Chen J, Zheng Y, Wang L, Pang X, Gao F, Xiao H, Huo N. Expression, purification, and biological characterization of recombinant human interleukin-31 protein. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:1731-1740. [PMID: 37096330 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-31 (IL-31), belonging to the IL-6 cytokine family, is involved in skin inflammation and pruritus, as well as some tumors' progression. Here, we reported the expression and purification of recombinant human IL-31 (rhIL-31) using a prokaryotic system. This recombinant protein was expressed in the form of inclusion bodies, refolded and purified by size-exclusion chromatography. Circular dichroism analysis revealed that the secondary structure of rhIL-31 was mainly composed of alpha-helix, which is in consistence with the 3D model structure built by AlphaFold server. In vitro studies showed that rhIL-31 exhibited a good binding ability to the recombinant hIL-31 receptor alpha fused with human Fc fragment (rhIL-31RA-hFc) with EC50 value of 16.36 µg/mL in ELISA assay. Meanwhile, flow cytometry demonstrated that rhIL-31 was able to bind to hIL-31RA or hOSMRβ expressed on the cell surface, independently. Furthermore, rhIL-31 could induce the phosphorylation of STAT3 in A549 cells. In conclusion, the prepared rhIL-31 in this study possesses the binding ability to its receptors, and can activate the signal pathway of JAK/STAT. Thus, it can be applied in further studies, including investigation of hIL-31-related diseases, structural analysis, and development of therapeutic drugs, and monoclonal antibodies targeting hIL-31.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Vaccines, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Vaccines, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Lixian Wang
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Vaccines, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuefei Pang
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Vaccines, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Vaccines, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Haixia Xiao
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Vaccines, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Nairui Huo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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Corano Scheri K, Liang X, Dalal V, Le Poole IC, Varga J, Hayashida T. SARA suppresses myofibroblast precursor transdifferentiation in fibrogenesis in a mouse model of scleroderma. JCI Insight 2022; 7:160977. [PMID: 36136606 PMCID: PMC9675568 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.160977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that Smad anchor for receptor activation (SARA) plays a critical role in maintaining epithelial cell phenotype. Here, we show that SARA suppressed myofibroblast precursor transdifferentiation in a mouse model of scleroderma. Mice overexpressing SARA specifically in PDGFR-β+ pericytes and pan-leukocytes (SARATg) developed significantly less skin fibrosis in response to bleomycin injection compared with wild-type littermates (SARAWT). Single-cell RNA-Seq analysis of skin PDGFR-β+ cells implicated pericyte subsets assuming myofibroblast characteristics under fibrotic stimuli, and SARA overexpression blocked the transition. In addition, a cluster that expresses molecules associated with Th2 cells and macrophage activation was enriched in SARAWT mice, but not in SARATg mice, after bleomycin treatment. Th2-specific Il-31 expression was increased in skin of the bleomycin-treated SARAWT mice and patients with scleroderma (or systemic sclerosis, SSc). Receptor-ligand analyses indicated that lymphocytes mediated pericyte transdifferentiation in SARAWT mice, while with SARA overexpression the myofibroblast activity of pericytes was suppressed. Together, these data suggest a potentially novel crosstalk between myofibroblast precursors and immune cells in the pathogenesis of SSc, in which SARA plays a critical role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Corano Scheri
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Pediatric Nephrology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Vidhi Dalal
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Pediatric Nephrology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - I. Caroline Le Poole
- Departments of Dermatology and Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John Varga
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tomoko Hayashida
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Pediatric Nephrology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Development and characterization of a novel mouse anti-canine oncostatin M receptor beta monoclonal antibody. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 614:114-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Yan C, Xu H, Rong C, Cao M, Miao Z, Zhou H. IL-31 expression in HIV-infected patients with different routes of disease transmission. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29509. [PMID: 35758393 PMCID: PMC9276414 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). AIDS is characterized by an impaired immune system and low cellular immunity. The main manifestation of AIDS is a reduction in the number of CD4+ T cells and alteration in cytokine concentration. The present work aimed to explore the expression of IL-31 in HIV infection and disease progression.Serum samples were collected from HIV-infected patients with different routes of disease transmission. The subjects included 24 patients who were infected with HIV upon blood transmission and 36 patients who had acquired the disease through sexual transmission (21 cases of homosexual transmission and 15 cases of heterosexual transmission). In addition, 20 normal healthy individuals were included to serve as the control group. The levels of IL-31 in the collected serum samples were estimated using the human IL-31 Platinum ELISA kit.The serum analysis results revealed that the concentration of IL-31 in the serum samples for the blood transmission, sexually transmission, and normal group patients was 4.07 ± 1.63 pg/L, 7.43 ± 1.15 pg/L, and 2.87 ± 1.04 pg/L, respectively. The statistical analysis revealed that the concentration of IL-31 in HIV-1 infection was higher than that in the normal control. In addition, the expression of IL-31 was significantly higher in the sexual transmission group compared to the blood transmission group (P < .05).IL-31 could have an important role in HIV infection, although the role of IL-31 in disease progression in HIV-infected individuals requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxin Yan
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Huafeng Xu
- Department of Radio-immunity, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Chunli Rong
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Meilin Cao
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Zhuo Miao
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Haizhou Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
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Iliev P, Hanke D, Page BDG. STAT Protein Thermal Shift Assays to Monitor Protein-Inhibitor Interactions. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200039. [PMID: 35698729 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
STAT3 protein is a sought-after drug target as it plays a key role in the progression of cancer. Many STAT3 inhibitors (STAT3i) have been reported, but accumulating evidence suggests many of these act as off-target/indirect inhibitors of STAT signaling. Herein, we describe the STAT protein thermal shift assay (PTSA) as a novel target engagement tool, which we used to test the binding of known STAT3i to STAT3 and STAT1. This revealed STATTIC, BP-1-102, and Cpd188 destabilized both STATs and produced unique migratory patterns on SDS-PAGE gels, suggesting covalent protein modifications. Mass spectrometry experiments confirmed these compounds are nonspecifically alkylating STATs, as well as an unrelated protein, NUDT5. These experiments have highlighted the benefits of PTSA to investigate interactions with STAT proteins and helped reveal novel reactivity of Cpd188. The described PTSA represents a promising chemical biology tool that could be applied to an array of other protein targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Iliev
- The University of British Columbia, Pharmaceutical Sciences, CANADA
| | - Danielle Hanke
- The University of British Columbia, Pharmaceutical Sciences, CANADA
| | - Brent D G Page
- The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, V6T1Z3, Vancouver, CANADA
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Kim SY, Yoon TH, Na J, Yi SJ, Jin Y, Kim M, Oh TH, Chung TW. Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Canine Adipose Tissue Ameliorates Inflammation, Skin Barrier Function and Pruritus by Reducing JAK/STAT Signaling in Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094868. [PMID: 35563259 PMCID: PMC9101369 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder resulting from imbalance between T lymphocytes. Current canine AD treatments use immunomodulatory drugs, but some of the dogs have limitations that do not respond to standard treatment, or relapse after a period of time. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of mesenchymal stem cells derived from canine adipose tissue (cASCs) and cASCs-derived extracellular vesicles (cASC-EVs) on AD. First, we isolated and characterized cASCs and cASCs-EVs to use for the improvement of canine atopic dermatitis. Here, we investigated the effect of cASCs or cASC-EVs on DNCB-induced AD in mice, before using for canine AD. Interestingly, we found that cASCs and cASC-EVs improved AD-like dermatitis, and markedly decreased levels of serum IgE, (49.6%, p = 0.002 and 32.1%, p = 0.016 respectively) epidermal inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-4 (32%, p = 0.197 and 44%, p = 0.094 respectively), IL-13 (47.4%, p = 0.163, and 50.0%, p = 0.039 respectively), IL-31 (64.3%, p = 0.030 and 76.2%, p = 0.016 respectively), RANTES (66.7%, p = 0.002 and 55.6%, p = 0.007) and TARC (64%, p = 0.016 and 86%, p = 0.010 respectively). In addition, cASCs or cASC-EVs promoted skin barrier repair by restoring transepidermal water loss, enhancing stratum corneum hydration and upregulating the expression levels of epidermal differentiation proteins. Moreover, cASCs or cASC-EVs reduced IL-31/TRPA1-mediated pruritus and activation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Taken together, these results suggest the potential of cASCs or cASC-EVs for the treatment of chronic inflammation and damaged skin barrier in AD or canine AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Youl Kim
- GNG CELL Co., Ltd., R&D Center, 122 Unjung-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si 13466, Korea; (S.Y.K.); (T.H.Y.)
| | - Tae Hong Yoon
- GNG CELL Co., Ltd., R&D Center, 122 Unjung-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si 13466, Korea; (S.Y.K.); (T.H.Y.)
| | - Jungtae Na
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Korea;
| | - Seong Joon Yi
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Yunseok Jin
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea; (Y.J.); (M.K.)
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea; (Y.J.); (M.K.)
| | - Tae-Ho Oh
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea; (Y.J.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: (T.-H.O.); (T.-W.C.)
| | - Tae-Wook Chung
- JIN BioCell Co., Ltd., R&D Center, #101-103, National Clinical Research Center for Korean Medicine, Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital, 20 Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si 50612, Korea
- Correspondence: (T.-H.O.); (T.-W.C.)
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New insights into IL-6 family cytokines in metabolism, hepatology and gastroenterology. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 18:787-803. [PMID: 34211157 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00473-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
IL-6 family cytokines are defined by the common use of the signal-transducing receptor chain glycoprotein 130 (gp130). Increasing evidence indicates that these cytokines are essential in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis as well as in the pathophysiology of multiple gastrointestinal and liver disorders, thus making them attractive therapeutic targets. Over the past few years, therapies modulating gp130 signalling have grown exponentially in several clinical settings including obesity, cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. A newly engineered gp130 cytokine, IC7Fc, has shown promising preclinical results for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, obesity and liver steatosis. Moreover, drugs that modulate gp130 signalling have shown promise in refractory inflammatory bowel disease in clinical trials. A deeper understanding of the main roles of the IL-6 family of cytokines during homeostatic and pathological conditions, their signalling pathways, sources of production and target cells will be crucial to the development of improved treatments. Here, we review the current state of the role of these cytokines in hepatology and gastroenterology and discuss the progress achieved in translating therapeutics targeting gp130 signalling into clinical practice.
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Datsi A, Steinhoff M, Ahmad F, Alam M, Buddenkotte J. Interleukin-31: The "itchy" cytokine in inflammation and therapy. Allergy 2021; 76:2982-2997. [PMID: 33629401 DOI: 10.1111/all.14791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cytokine interleukin-31 has been implicated in the pathophysiology of multiple atopic disorders such as atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis, and airway hyper-reactivity. In AD, IL-31 has been identified as one of the main "drivers" of its cardinal symptom, pruritus. Here, we summarize the mechanisms by which IL-31 modulates inflammatory and allergic diseases. TH 2 cells play a central role in AD and release high levels of TH 2-associated cytokines including IL-31, thereby mediating inflammatory responses, initiating immunoregulatory circuits, stimulating itch, and neuronal outgrowth through activation of the heterodimeric receptor IL-31 receptor A (IL31RA)/Oncostatin M receptor (OSMRβ). IL31RA expression is found on human and murine dorsal root ganglia neurons, epithelial cells including keratinocytes and various innate immune cells. IL-31 is a critical cytokine involved in neuroimmune communication, which opens new avenues for cytokine modulation in neuroinflammatory diseases including AD/pruritus, as validated by recent clinical trials using an anti-IL-31 antibody. Accordingly, inhibition of IL-31-downstream signaling may be a beneficial approach for various inflammatory diseases including prurigo. However, as to whether downstream JAK inhibitors directly block IL-31-mediated-signaling needs to be clarified. Targeting the IL-31/IL31RA/OSMRβ axis appears to be a promising approach for inflammatory, neuroinflammatory, and pruritic disorders in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Datsi
- Institute for Transplantational Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics University Hospital Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
- Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health SystemHamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
- Dermatology Institute Academic Health SystemHamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
- Department of Dermatology Weill Cornell Medicine‐Qatar Doha Qatar
- Qatar UniversityCollege of Medicine Doha Qatar
| | - Fareed Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
- Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health SystemHamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
- Dermatology Institute Academic Health SystemHamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
| | - Majid Alam
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
- Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health SystemHamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
- Dermatology Institute Academic Health SystemHamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
| | - Joerg Buddenkotte
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
- Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health SystemHamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
- Dermatology Institute Academic Health SystemHamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
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12
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Jiang Q, Li W, Zhu X, Yu L, Lu Z, Liu Y, Ma B, Cheng L. Estrogen receptor β alleviates inflammatory lesions in a rat model of inflammatory bowel disease via down-regulating P2X7R expression in macrophages. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 139:106068. [PMID: 34464722 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) agonists could inhibit inflammation in animal models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the mechanism underlying such effect and the potential role of P2 × 7 receptor (P2X7R) remains unclear. In the present study, we examined whether the effect of ERβ activation in IBD rats was related to P2X7R. Overexpression of ERβ using a recombinant lentivirus in IBD rats improved the IBD-like symptoms, including weight loss, disease activity index (DAI) scores, and inflammatory responses. ERβ agonists DPN and ERB-041 attenuated P2X7R expression in macrophages from colitis rats and in a murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7) in response to either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or adenosine triphosphate (ATP). DPN and ERB-041 also blocked increased production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in the rectocolon of colitis rats. The two ERβ agonists reversed LPS- and ATP-induced up-regulation of P2X7R and its downstream proteins, including NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and pro-IL-1β, in RAW264.7 cells. Also, in both the rectocolon of colitis rats and RAW264.7 cells, ERβ agonists reversed the up-regulation of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), but not up-regulation of serine threonine kinase or cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB). Blockade of JAK2 or STAT3 phosphorylation significantly reduced the ability of DPN to down-regulate P2X7R expression and the ability of ERB-041 and DPN to inhibit IL-1β release from RAW264.7 cells. We found that ERβ and P2X7R co-localized in the macrophages of rat rectocolon and in RAW264.7 cells. Deletion of macrophages from colitis rats with clodronate abolished the inhibitory effect of DPN. These results suggest that ERβ plays an important anti-inflammatory role in IBD rats by down-regulating P2X7R expression and inhibiting IL-1β release from macrophages through the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenxin Li
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lihua Yu
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanying Lu
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Ma
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liming Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Targeting JAK/STAT signaling pathways in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Res 2021; 70:753-764. [PMID: 34212215 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-021-01482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Janus kinase/signal transduction and transcriptional activator (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway is a transport hub for cytokine secretion and exerts its effects. The activation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway is essential for the regulation of inflammatory responses. Inappropriate activation or deletion of JAK/STAT signaling pathway is the initiator of the inflammatory response. JAK/STAT signaling pathway has been demonstrated to be involved in the process of innate and adaptive immune response to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this review, we discuss the role of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in the regulation of different cells in IBD, as well as new findings on the involvement of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in the regulation of the intestinal immune response. The current status of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of IBD is summarized as well. This review highlights natural remedies that can serve as potential JAK inhibitors. These phytochemicals may be useful in the identification of precursor compounds in the process of designing and developing novel JAK inhibitors.
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14
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Kabashima K, Irie H. Interleukin-31 as a Clinical Target for Pruritus Treatment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:638325. [PMID: 33644103 PMCID: PMC7906974 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.638325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the published literature has suggested the key involvement of the cytokine interleukin-31 (IL-31) in the symptomatology of pruritus, and both IL-31 and its receptor have become potential therapeutic targets for a range of pruritic diseases. Elevated levels of IL-31 or its receptor have been reported in the tissue or serum of patients with pruritic skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, prurigo nodularis, and psoriasis. Pruritus places a heavy burden on patients, and can have a negative impact on daily life, sleep, and mental health. Since current anti-pruritic treatments are often ineffective, affected patients are in urgent need of new therapies. As a result, drug development targeting the IL-31 pathway is evolving rapidly. To date, only nemolizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-31 receptor, has successfully completed late-stage clinical studies. This article will highlight our current clinical understanding of the role of IL-31 in pruritic disease, and explore recent progress in drug development as well as the anticipated future advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Irie
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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15
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Nemmer JM, Kuchner M, Datsi A, Oláh P, Julia V, Raap U, Homey B. Interleukin-31 Signaling Bridges the Gap Between Immune Cells, the Nervous System and Epithelial Tissues. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:639097. [PMID: 33644104 PMCID: PMC7902767 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.639097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pruritus represents one of the most common symptoms in dermatology and general medicine. Chronic pruritus severely impairs the quality of life of affected patients. During the last two decades a number of modulators and mediator of pruritus have been identified. Recently, Interleukin (IL)-31 and its receptor complex attracted significant interest, as clinical phase two studies demonstrated therapeutic efficacy of the neutralizing IL-31 receptor A (IL-31RA) antibody nemolizumab in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis or prurigo nodularis. IL-31 has also been shown to play relevant roles in allergic contact dermatitis, urticaria, mastocytosis, allergic rhinitis and asthma. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the novel cytokine IL-31 and its receptor regarding cellular origin, regulation, signaling pathways and their involvement in biological processes such as pruritus, neuronal growth, inflammation, barrier dysfunction and tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Maria Nemmer
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcus Kuchner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Angeliki Datsi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapy, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Péter Oláh
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Oncodermatology, Medical Faculty, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Ulrike Raap
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, Department of Dermatology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Homey
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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16
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Yeo H, Ahn SS, Lee YH, Shin SY. Regulation of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) gene transcription by interleukin-31 via early growth response 1 (EGR-1) in HaCaT keratinocytes. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:5953-5962. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05668-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Medina-Cucurella AV, Bammert GF, Dunkle W, Javens C, Zhu Y, Mutchler VT, Teel JT, Stein CA, Dunham SA, Whitehead TA. Feline Interleukin-31 Shares Overlapping Epitopes with the Oncostatin M Receptor and IL-31RA. Biochemistry 2020; 59:2171-2181. [PMID: 32459958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-31 (IL-31) is a major protein involved in severe inflammatory skin disorders. Its signaling pathway is mediated through two type I cytokine receptors, IL-31RA (also known as the gp130-like receptor) and the oncostatin M receptor (OSMR). Understanding molecular details in these interactions would be helpful for developing antagonist anti-IL-31 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as potential therapies. Previous studies suggest that human IL-31 binds to IL-31RA and then recruits OSMR to form a ternary complex. In this model, OSMR cannot interact with IL-31 in the absence of IL-31RA. In this work, we show that feline IL-31 (fIL-31) binds independently with feline OSMR using surface plasmon resonance, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and yeast surface display. Moreover, competition experiments suggest that OSMR shares a partially overlapping epitope with IL-31RA. We then used deep mutational scanning to map the binding sites of both receptors on fIL-31. In agreement with previous studies of the human homologue, the binding site for IL31-RA contains fIL-31 positions E20 and K82, while the binding site for OSMR comprises the "PADNFERK" motif (P103-K110) and position G38. However, our results also revealed a new overlapping site, composed of positions R69, R72, P73, D76, D81, and E97, between both receptors that we called the "shared site". The conformational epitope of an anti-feline IL-31 mAb that inhibits both OSMR and IL-31RA also mapped to this shared site. Combined, our results show that fIL-31 binds IL-31RA and OSMR independently through a partially shared epitope. These results suggest reexamination of the putative canonical mechanisms for IL-31 signaling in higher animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica V Medina-Cucurella
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, Engineering Building, 428 South Shaw Lane, Room 2100, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Gary F Bammert
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis Global Therapeutic Research, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, United States
| | - William Dunkle
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis Global Therapeutic Research, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, United States
| | - Christopher Javens
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis Global Therapeutic Research, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, United States
| | - Yaqi Zhu
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis Global Therapeutic Research, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, United States
| | - Veronica T Mutchler
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis Global Therapeutic Research, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, United States
| | - Janet T Teel
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis Global Therapeutic Research, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, United States
| | - Caitlin A Stein
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, Engineering Building, 428 South Shaw Lane, Room 2100, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Steve A Dunham
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis Global Therapeutic Research, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, United States
| | - Timothy A Whitehead
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, Engineering Building, 428 South Shaw Lane, Room 2100, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
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18
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Che DN, Cho BO, Kim JS, Shin JY, Kang HJ, Jang SI. Luteolin and Apigenin Attenuate LPS-Induced Astrocyte Activation and Cytokine Production by Targeting MAPK, STAT3, and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Inflammation 2020; 43:1716-1728. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01245-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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19
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Mannucci C, Calapai G, Gangemi S. Commentary: Circulatory pattern of cytokines, adipokines and bone markers in postmenopausal women with low BMD. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2666. [PMID: 31798591 PMCID: PMC6868060 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Mannucci
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gioacchino Calapai
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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20
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Polak KL, Chernosky NM, Smigiel JM, Tamagno I, Jackson MW. Balancing STAT Activity as a Therapeutic Strategy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111716. [PMID: 31684144 PMCID: PMC6895889 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Driven by dysregulated IL-6 family member cytokine signaling in the tumor microenvironment (TME), aberrant signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) and (STAT5) activation have been identified as key contributors to tumorigenesis. Following transformation, persistent STAT3 activation drives the emergence of mesenchymal/cancer-stem cell (CSC) properties, important determinants of metastatic potential and therapy failure. Moreover, STAT3 signaling within tumor-associated macrophages and neutrophils drives secretion of factors that facilitate metastasis and suppress immune cell function. Persistent STAT5 activation is responsible for cancer cell maintenance through suppression of apoptosis and tumor suppressor signaling. Furthermore, STAT5-mediated CD4+/CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been implicated in suppression of immunosurveillance. We discuss these roles for STAT3 and STAT5, and weigh the attractiveness of different modes of targeting each cancer therapy. Moreover, we discuss how anti-tumorigenic STATs, including STAT1 and STAT2, may be leveraged to suppress the pro-tumorigenic functions of STAT3/STAT5 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey L Polak
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Noah M Chernosky
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Jacob M Smigiel
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Ilaria Tamagno
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Mark W Jackson
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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21
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Miake S, Tsuji G, Takemura M, Hashimoto-Hachiya A, Vu YH, Furue M, Nakahara T. IL-4 Augments IL-31/IL-31 Receptor Alpha Interaction Leading to Enhanced Ccl 17 and Ccl 22 Production in Dendritic Cells: Implications for Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164053. [PMID: 31434203 PMCID: PMC6719908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe pruritus is a characteristic feature of atopic dermatitis (AD) and is closely related to its activity. Recent studies have shown that IL-31 is a key determinant of pruritus in AD. Anti-IL-31 receptor alpha (IL-31RA) antibody treatment has also been reported to improve pruritus clinically, subsequently contributing to the attenuation of AD disease activity. Therefore, IL-31 has been thought to be an important cytokine for regulating pruritus and AD disease activity; however, how IL-31 is involved in the immune response in AD has remained largely unknown. Epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) and dermal dendritic cells (DCs) derived from bone marrow cells have been reported to play a critical role in AD pathogenesis. LCs and DCs produce Ccl 17 and Ccl 22, which chemoattract Th2 cells, leading to AD development. Therefore, we aimed to clarify how IL-31/IL-31RA interaction affects Ccl 17 and Ccl 22 production. To test this, we analyzed murine bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) stimulated with IL-4, an important cytokine in AD development. We found that IL-31RA expression was upregulated by IL-4 stimulation in a dose-dependent manner in BMDCs. Furthermore, IL-31 upregulates Ccl 17 and Ccl 22 production in the presence of IL-4, whereas IL-31 stimulation alone did not produce Ccl 17 and Ccl 22. These findings suggest that IL-4 mediates IL-31RA expression and IL-31/IL-31RA interaction augments Ccl 17 and Ccl 22 production in BMDCs, which promotes Th2-deviated immune response in AD. Since we previously reported that soybean tar Glyteer, an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligand, impairs IL-4/Stat 6 signaling in BMDCs, we examined whether Glyteer affects IL-31RA expression induced by IL-4 stimulation. Glyteer inhibited upregulation of IL-31RA expression induced by IL-4 stimulation in a dose-dependent manner. Glyteer also inhibited Ccl 17 and Ccl 22 production induced by IL-4 and IL-31 stimulation. Taken together, these findings suggest that Glyteer treatment may improve AD disease activity by impairing IL-31/IL-31RA interaction in DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Miake
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Gaku Tsuji
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Masaki Takemura
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akiko Hashimoto-Hachiya
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yen Hai Vu
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakahara
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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22
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Gibbs BF, Patsinakidis N, Raap U. Role of the Pruritic Cytokine IL-31 in Autoimmune Skin Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1383. [PMID: 31281316 PMCID: PMC6598004 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Many autoimmune skin diseases, such as bullous pemphigoid (BP), psoriasis and certain types of chronic urticaria, are associated with intensive pruritus. While histamine and neuropeptides have previously been ascribed to play a role in itch that accompanies these diseases, recent evidence suggests that the pruritogenic cytokine interleukin (IL)-31 is a major driver of pruritic responses. IL-31 was originally shown to be produced by activated helper T cells, particularly Th2 cells, mast cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. However, more recent evidence demonstrated that eosinophils are a major source of this cytokine too, particularly in bullous pemphigoid. Basophils have also been shown to express the cytokine which, through autocrine action, strongly supports the production of other Th2-type cytokines from these cells. These investigations suggest that the dynamic recruitment of eosinophils and basophils in some autoimmune skin diseases could play an important role in the severity of IL-31-mediated itch. Furthermore, these studies suggest that IL-31, in addition to its pruritic actions, also has potential immunomodulatory roles in terms of supporting Th2-type immunity, which often underpins IgE-associated autoimmune diseases (such as bullous pemphigoid and urticaria) as well as allergies. While the role of IL-31 in psoriasis remains to be clarified, current evidence shows that this cytokine plays a major role in BP, chronic spontaneous urticaria and dermatomyositis. This suggests potential use of IL-31 receptor-blocking therapeutic approaches (e.g., Nemolizumab) for the treatment of IL-31-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard F Gibbs
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Patsinakidis
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Raap
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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23
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Maksymowych WP. Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Axial Spondyloarthritis, Disease Activity, Prognosis, and Prediction of Response to Therapy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:305. [PMID: 30899255 PMCID: PMC6416369 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There exists a major unmet need for biomarkers that can identify axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) early after disease onset because of the availability of highly effective therapies. Several recent reports have examined the autoantibody response in patients with axSpA through the use of protein microarrays and protein-protein interactions although diagnostic performance of biomarkers identified to date has been inadequate. An example of such a biomarker is protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1A. Antibodies to the human leukocyte antigen class II-associated invariant chain peptide (anti-CD74) are candidate diagnostic biomarkers but sensitivity declines with increasing duration of disease. Metabolomic studies have employed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry to identify disease-specific metabolites related to fat metabolism and intestinal microbial metabolism. A second major unmet need exists for biomarkers of disease activity that have superiority over standard C-reactive protein assessment and reflect MRI inflammation in the axial spine. Several biomarkers reflecting inflammation (calprotectin), angiogenesis (vasoactive endothelial growth factor), and connective tissue turnover (C2M, C3M, and citrullinated metalloproteinase degraded fragment of vimentin) have recently been shown to reflect disease activity when compared with clinical outcomes but comparisons with MRI inflammation are very limited. With increasing availability of highly effective but costly therapies, a third unmet need is biomarkers that can predict response to therapies with different mechanisms of action and are superior to C-reactive protein. Calprotectin is currently the only candidate. Although there are as yet no proven therapies for preventing progression of disease there is an unmet need for biomarkers of prognosis that are more responsive than radiography. Aside from CRP no consistent candidates have emerged. Future studies will need to be prospective, include consecutive patients presenting with undiagnosed back pain, and use more reliable and objective endpoints such as MRI inflammation. Moreover, it has become evident that targeted biomarker studies have not been successful in identifying clinically useful biomarkers and technologies that can simultaneously assess “multiomic” markers will need to be analyzed for future advances. These include more sophisticated metabolomic profiling and universal metabolome-standard (UMS) methodology, next generation RNA sequencing, and affinity-based quantitative proteomics based on the use of nucleic acid binders such as the aptamer-based SOMAscan assay.
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Correlation of IL-31 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility and clinical recurrence of bladder cancer. Fam Cancer 2019; 17:577-585. [PMID: 29116431 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-017-0060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-31 is a crucial cytokine triggering inflammation which could be one of the risk factors of tumors. However, data for correlation between IL-31 and tumors are limited. The purpose of our study was to discuss whether genetic polymorphisms of IL-31 were associated with the susceptibility and clinical outcomes of bladder cancer. Our study enrolled 478 controls, 156 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and 138 muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used for genotyping two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-31 gene including rs7977932 and rs4758680. Our results showed that A allele and CA/AA genotypes of rs4758680 were associated with susceptibility to bladder cancer (P = 0.04, OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.01-1.72, and P = 0.02, OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.05-1.96, respectively), and G allele of rs7977932 might be a protect factor for tobacco smoking patients compared with non-smoking patients (P = 0.005, OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.23-0.76). Furthermore, CA/AA genotypes of rs4758680 might be the independent risk factors for the decreased recurrence-free survival of the patients with MIBC (P = 0.03, OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.06-3.85. Our data indicated that polymorphisms of IL-31 are associated with bladder cancer, and rs4758680 could be an independent prediction for MIBC patients with a high risk of recurrence.
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Huang J, Yue H, Jiang T, Gao J, Shi Y, Shi B, Wu X, Gou X. IL-31 plays dual roles in lung inflammation in an OVA-induced murine asthma model. Biol Open 2019; 8:bio.036244. [PMID: 30647024 PMCID: PMC6361213 DOI: 10.1242/bio.036244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 31 (IL-31) is a four-helix cytokine made predominantly by Th2 CD4+ T cells. It was initially identified as being associated with the promotion of atopic dermatitis, where increased levels of IL-31 levels have been found and IL-31 induced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in a human bronchial epithelial cell line. However, subsequent study has shown that IL-31RA knockout mice developed exacerbated type 2 inflammation in the lung following infection with Schistosoma mansoni eggs. In this study, we investigated the dynamic expression of IL-31 and IL-31RA during eight consecutive ovalbumin (OVA) challenges and measured the chemokines from lung alveolar epithelial cells induced by IL-31. In addition, we examined the effect deletion of IL-31RA has on lung inflammation and the differentiation of CD4+ T cells. Our results demonstrate that the expression of IL-31 and IL-31RA was elevated after each weekly OVA challenge, although slightly less of both observed after the first week of OVA challenge. IL-31 also promoted the expression of inflammatory chemokines CCL5, CCL6, CCL11, CCL16, CCL22, CCL28, CX3CL1, CXCL3, CXCL14 and CXCL16 in alveolar epithelial cells. Migration of macrophages and T cells was enhanced by culture supernatants of IL-31-stimulated alveolar epithelial cells. Lastly, and in contrast to the IL-31 results, mice deficient in IL-31RA developed exacerbated lung inflammation, increased IL-4-positive cell infiltrates and elevated Th2 cytokine responses in draining lymph nodes. The proliferation of IL-31RA-/- CD4+ T cells was enhanced in vitro after anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibody stimulation. These data indicate that IL-31/IL-31RA may play dual roles, first as an early inflammatory mediator promoting the secretion of chemokines to recruit inflammatory cells, and subsequently as a late inflammatory suppressor, limiting Th2 cytokine responses in allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiong Huang
- Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China .,School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Huan Yue
- Medical Laboratory, First People Hospital of Zunyi, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Infectious Disease Department, First People Hospital of Zunyi, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Bin Shi
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wu
- Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Xiaoqin Gou
- Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
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Carraro U. Collection of the Abstracts of the 2019Sp PMD: Translational Myology and Mobility Medicine. Eur J Transl Myol 2019; 29:8155. [PMID: 31019666 PMCID: PMC6460219 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2019.8155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Interdepartmental Research Centre of Myology (CIR-Myo), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy and the A&C M-C Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova, Italy organized with the scientific support of Helmut Kern, Jonathan C. Jarvis, Viviana Moresi, Marco Narici, Feliciano Protasi, Marco Sandri and Ugo Carraro, the 2019SpringPaduaMuscleDays: Translational Myology and Mobility Medicine, an International Conference held March 28-30, 2019 in Euganei Hills and Padova (Italy). Presentations and discussions of the Three Physiology Lectures and of the seven Sessions (I: Spinal Cord Neuromodulation and h-bFES in SC; II: Muscle epigenetics in aging and myopathies; III: Experimental approaches in animal models; IV: Face and Voice Rejuvenation; V: Muscle Imaging; VI: Official Meeting of the EU Center of Active Aging; VII: Early Rehabilitation after knee and hip replacement) were at very high levels. This was true in the past and will be true in future events thanks to researchers and clinicians who were and are eager to attend the PaduaMuscleDays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Carraro
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Myology (CIR-Myo), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
- A&C M-C Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova, Italy
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Zheng XB, Liu HS, Zhang LJ, Liu XH, Zhong XL, Zhou C, Hu T, Wu XR, Hu JC, Lian L, Deng QL, Chen YF, Ke J, He XW, Wu XJ, He XS, Lan P. Engulfment and Cell Motility Protein 1 Protects Against DSS-induced Colonic Injury in Mice via Rac1 Activation. J Crohns Colitis 2019; 13:100-114. [PMID: 30219846 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mucosal healing is an emerging therapeutic goal that could result in clinical remission of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. We sought to determine the role of engulfment and cell motility protein 1 [ELMO1] in wound healing in vitro and in vivo and to investigate the underlying pathways. METHODS RNA transcriptome sequencing was performed to detect the expression profiles of mRNA between inflamed tissues and corresponding non-inflamed tissues of IBD patients, followed by Gene Expression Omnibus [GEO] datasets and western blot analysis. The effects of ELMO1 overexpression or knockdown on cell migration and proliferation were determined. The dependence of these effects on Rac1 was assessed using a Rac1 inhibitor [NSC23766] and a Rac1 pull-down assay. We identified the underlying pathways involved by Gene Ontology [GO] analysis. A dextran sulphate sodium [DSS]-induced colitis model was established to evaluate the role of ELMO1 in colonic mucosal healing. RESULTS ELMO1 was upregulated in inflamed tissues compared with corresponding non-inflamed tissues. ELMO1 overexpression increased cell migration in a Rac1-dependent manner. Depletion of ELMO1, or NSC23766 administration, abolished this effect. GO analysis revealed that ELMO1 overexpression preferentially affected pathways involved in cytoskeletal regulation and wound healing, which was demonstrated by enhanced F-actin staining and increased numbers of extending lamellipodia in cells overexpressing ELMO1. In DSS-induced colitis, systemic delivery of pSin-EF2-ELMO1-Pur attenuated colonic inflammation and promoted recovery from colonic injury. The protective effect of ELMO1 was dependent on Rac1 activation. CONCLUSIONS ELMO1 protects against DSS-induced colonic injury in mice through its effect on epithelial migration via Rac1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bin Zheng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua-Shan Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Long-Juan Zhang
- Laboratory of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuan-Hui Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhong
- Joint Cardiac Surgery Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chi Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tuo Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xian-Rui Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Cong Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Lian
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi-Ling Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Feng Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Ke
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Wen He
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Sheng He
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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28
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Tada H, Nishioka T, Takase A, Numazaki K, Bando K, Matsushita K. Porphyromonas gingivalisinduces the production of interleukin-31 by human mast cells, resulting in dysfunction of the gingival epithelial barrier. Cell Microbiol 2018; 21:e12972. [DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tada
- Division of Oral Microbiology; Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Sendai Miyagi Japan
- Division of Oral Immunology; Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Takashi Nishioka
- Division of Oral Diagnosis; Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Aya Takase
- Division of Oral Microbiology; Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Kento Numazaki
- Division of Oral Microbiology; Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Sendai Miyagi Japan
- Division of Oral Immunology; Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Kanan Bando
- Division of Oral Immunology; Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Kenji Matsushita
- Department of Oral Disease Research; National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology; Obu Aichi Japan
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29
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Rath T, Billmeier U, Ferrazzi F, Vieth M, Ekici A, Neurath MF, Atreya R. Effects of Anti-Integrin Treatment With Vedolizumab on Immune Pathways and Cytokines in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1700. [PMID: 30131801 PMCID: PMC6090141 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Despite proven clinical efficacy of vedolizumab (VDZ) for inducing and maintaining remission in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), subgroups of patients have no therapeutic benefit from anti-α4β7 integrin therapy with VDZ. Within this study, we aimed to identify genetic, cellular, and immunological mechanisms that define response and failure to VDZ treatment. Methods Intestinal RNA sequencing was performed in UC and CD patients before and at week 14 of VDZ therapy. α4β7 expression on peripheral and mucosal immune cells was assessed by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Cellular modes of VDZ-mediated action were analyzed ex vivo and in VDZ-treated inflammatory bowel disease patients. Results Transcriptome analysis showed an impairment of signaling cascades associated with adhesion, diapedesis, and migration of granulocytes and agranulocytes upon VDZ therapy. In non-remitters to VDZ therapy, a tissue destructive and leukocyte-mediated inflammatory activity with activation of TNF-dependent pathways was present, all of which were inhibited in remitters to VDZ. Clinical remission was associated with a significant reduction of α4β7 expression on Th2 and Th17 polarized mucosal CD4+ T cells at week 14 of VDZ therapy and with significantly higher numbers of α4β7-expressing mucosal cells prior to the initiation of VDZ therapy compared with non-remitters. Conclusion Intestinal α4β7 expression prior to VDZ therapy might represent a biomarker that predicts therapeutic response to subsequent VDZ treatment. Due to high activation of TNF signaling in VDZ non-remitters, anti-TNF treatment might represent a promising therapeutic strategy in VDZ refractory patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Rath
- Department of Medicine 1, Division of Gastroenterology, Pneumology and Endocrinology, Ludwig Demling Endoscopy Center of Excellence, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Billmeier
- Department of Medicine 1, Division of Gastroenterology, Pneumology and Endocrinology, Ludwig Demling Endoscopy Center of Excellence, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fulvia Ferrazzi
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Vieth
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Arif Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Division of Gastroenterology, Pneumology and Endocrinology, Ludwig Demling Endoscopy Center of Excellence, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raja Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, Division of Gastroenterology, Pneumology and Endocrinology, Ludwig Demling Endoscopy Center of Excellence, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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30
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DeLuca JAA, Allred KF, Menon R, Riordan R, Weeks BR, Jayaraman A, Allred CD. Bisphenol-A alters microbiota metabolites derived from aromatic amino acids and worsens disease activity during colitis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:864-875. [PMID: 29874946 PMCID: PMC6022909 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218782139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a complex collection of disorders. Microbial dysbiosis as well as exposure to toxins including xenoestrogens are thought to be risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease development and relapse. Bisphenol-A has been shown to exert estrogenic activity in the colon and alter intestinal function, but the role that xenoestrogens, such as bisphenol-A , play in colonic inflammation has been previously described but with conflicting results. We investigated the ability of bisphenol-A to exacerbate colonic inflammation and alter microbiota metabolites derived from aromatic amino acids in an acute dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis model. Female C57BL/6 mice were ovariectomized and exposed to bisphenol-A daily for 15 days. Disease activity measures include body weight, fecal consistency, and rectal bleeding. Colons were scored for inflammation, injury, and nodularity. Alterations in the levels of microbiota metabolites derived from aromatic amino acids known to reflect phenotypic changes in the gut microbiome were analyzed. Bisphenol-A exposure increased mortality and worsened disease activity as well as inflammation and nodularity scores in the middle colon region following dextran sulfate sodium exposure. Unique patterns of metabolites were associated with bisphenol-A consumption. Regardless of dextran sulfate sodium treatment, bisphenol-A reduced levels of tryptophan and several metabolites associated with decreased inflammation in the colon. This is the first study to show that bisphenol-A treatment alone can reduce microbiota metabolites derived from aromatic amino acids in the colon which may be associated with increased colonic inflammation and inflammatory bowel disease. Impact statement As rates of inflammatory bowel disease rise, discovery of the mechanisms related to the development of these conditions is important. Environmental exposure is hypothesized to play a role in etiology of the disease, as are alterations in the gut microbiome and the metabolites they produce. This study is the first to show that bisphenol-A alone alters tryptophan and microbiota metabolites derived from aromatic amino acids in a manner consistent with autoimmune diseases, specifically inflammatory bowel diseases, regardless of dextran sulfate sodium treatment. These findings indicate a potential mechanism by which bisphenol-A negatively affects gut physiology to exacerbate inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer AA DeLuca
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Kimberly F Allred
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Rani Menon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Rebekah Riordan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Brad R Weeks
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Clinton D Allred
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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31
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Increase In Il-31 Serum Levels Is Associated With Reduced Structural Damage In Early Axial Spondyloarthritis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7731. [PMID: 29769586 PMCID: PMC5956108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25722-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In spondyloarthritis, little is known about the relation between circulating cytokines and patient phenotype. We have quantified serum levels of T helper type 1 cell (Th1), Th2 and Th17 cytokines in patients with recent-onset axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) from the DESIR cohort, a prospective, multicenter French cohort consisting of 708 patients with recent-onset inflammatory back pain (duration >3 months but <3 years) suggestive of AxSpA. Serum levels of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines were assessed at baseline in patients from the DESIR cohort fulfilling the ASAS criteria (ASAS+) and were compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls. At baseline, ASAS+ patients (n = 443) and healthy controls (n = 79) did not differ in levels of most of the Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokines except for IL-31, and sCD40L, which were significantly higher for ASAS+ patients than controls (p < 0.001 and p = 0.012, respectively). On multivariable analysis of ASAS+ patients, IL-31 level was associated with sCD40L level (p < 0.0001), modified Stoke AS Spine Score (mSASSS) < 1 (p = 0.035). The multivariable analyses showed that IL-31 was an independent factor associated with mSASSS < 1 (p = 0.001) and low bone mineral density (p = 0.01). Increased level of IL-31 might protect against structural damage but is also related to low BMD.
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32
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Takamori A, Nambu A, Sato K, Yamaguchi S, Matsuda K, Numata T, Sugawara T, Yoshizaki T, Arae K, Morita H, Matsumoto K, Sudo K, Okumura K, Kitaura J, Matsuda H, Nakae S. IL-31 is crucial for induction of pruritus, but not inflammation, in contact hypersensitivity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6639. [PMID: 29703903 PMCID: PMC5923199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25094-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-31, which is a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines, is produced mainly by activated CD4+ T cells, in particular activated Th2 cells, suggesting a contribution to development of type-2 immune responses. IL-31 was reported to be increased in specimens from patients with atopic dermatitis, and IL-31-transgenic mice develop atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation, which is involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. However, the role of IL-31 in development of contact dermatitis/contact hypersensitivity (CHS), which is mediated by hapten-specific T cells, including Th2 cells, is not fully understood. Therefore, we investigated this using IL-31-deficient (Il31−/−) mice, which we newly generated. We demonstrated that the mice showed normal migration and maturation of skin dendritic cells and induction of hapten-specific T cells in the sensitization phase of FITC-induced CHS, and normal induction of local inflammation in the elicitation phase of FITC- and DNFB-induced CHS. On the other hand, those mice showed reduced scratching frequency and duration during FITC- and/or DNFB-induced CHS. Our findings suggest that IL-31 is responsible for pruritus, but not induction of local skin inflammation, during CHS induced by FITC and DNFB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Takamori
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.,Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo, 113-8412, Japan
| | - Aya Nambu
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Keiko Sato
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Sachiko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kenshiro Matsuda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Molecular Pathology and Therapeutics, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Takafumi Numata
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takeru Sugawara
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Takamichi Yoshizaki
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan
| | - Ken Arae
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Hideaki Morita
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsumoto
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Katsuko Sudo
- Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo, 113-8412, Japan
| | - Jiro Kitaura
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo, 113-8412, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Molecular Pathology and Therapeutics, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakae
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan. .,Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
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Bağci IS, Ruzicka T. IL-31: A new key player in dermatology and beyond. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 141:858-866. [PMID: 29366565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
IL-31 is a novel cytokine expressed in many human tissues and involved mainly in TH2-weighted inflammation. IL-31 signals through a receptor complex consisting of IL-31 receptor α and oncostatin M receptor β. The available data show that IL-31 is strongly linked with chronic pruritic skin disorders, such as atopic eczema, and represents a novel target for directed drug therapy. Regulation of immune responses and cellular differentiation and proliferation are recently elucidated effects of IL-31, suggesting a more complex and diverse area of effect for this novel cytokine. This review summarizes the current knowledge on IL-31 and its receptors and the involvement of IL-31 in diseases both in human subjects and mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Işın Sinem Bağci
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany.
| | - Thomas Ruzicka
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany
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Hamann CR, Thyssen JP. Monoclonal antibodies against interleukin 13 and interleukin 31RA in development for atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2017; 78:S37-S42. [PMID: 29248521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The interleukin 13 (IL-13) and IL-31 cytokines and inflammatory pathways have been identified as important for the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis (AD). Monoclonal antibodies against IL-13 have been studied for the treatment of asthma since 2011. More recently, 2 phase 2 trials have been completed with these antibodies in AD treatment. In both trials, significant reductions of Eczema Area and Severity Index scores were seen. IL-31 is thought to play a role transmitting itch sensation to the central nervous system, and blocking IL-31 activity reduces itch in patients with AD. One phase 2 trial has been completed for a humanized antibody against IL-31 receptor alpha, which is 1 subunit of the IL-31 receptor complex. This study showed significant dose-dependent reductions in pruritus, Eczema Area and Severity Index scores, and markers of sleep quality. Initial clinical trials for monoclonal antibodies against IL-13 and IL-31 receptor A all show promise, although long-term safety and efficacy data are lacking. Nevertheless, these medications will likely play a role in the treatment of moderate-to-severe AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten R Hamann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy and the Copenhagen Research Group for Inflammatory Skin (CORGIS), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy and the Copenhagen Research Group for Inflammatory Skin (CORGIS), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
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The antiangiogenic role of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-31. Oncotarget 2017; 8:16430-16444. [PMID: 28147314 PMCID: PMC5369974 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines in the tumor microenvironment are known for their ability to either inhibit or promote cancer progression. Here we evaluated the role of Interleukin-31 (IL31), a protein belonging to the pro-inflammatory IL-6 cytokine family which has been characterized in autoimmune disease, in tumorigenesis. We show that IL31 and its receptor, IL31RA, are highly expressed in various human and mouse cancer cell lines, as well as in tumor specimens from cancer patients. MC38 murine colon carcinoma cells depleted of IL31 exhibit an increase in invasive and migratory properties in vitro, effects that are reversed by supplementing the cells with exogenous IL31. In vivo, IL31-depleted MC38 tumor cells implanted to mice grow faster than control tumors. In contrast, MC38 tumor-bearing mice infused with recombinant IL31, exhibit a significant reduction in tumor growth than control mice. Furthermore, IL31 infusion reduces the number of metastatic lesions in the lungs of mice bearing 4T1 murine metastatic breast carcinoma. Lastly, injecting tumor-bearing, chemotherapy-treated mice with a long-lived IL31-IgG fusion protein reduces tumor growth, angiogenesis and pulmonary metastasis to a greater extent than when chemotherapy is used alone. The IL31 anti-tumor activity is explained, in part, by the anti-angiogenic effects demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo highlighting the potential use of IL31 as an anti-cancer drug.
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Interleukin-31 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression in plasma and lymph node from Hodgkin lymphoma patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:85263-85275. [PMID: 29156718 PMCID: PMC5689608 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is a tumor of B-cell origin characterized by Hodgkin and Reed-Stenberg (H/RS) cells embedded in an inflammatory tissue where numerous cytokines/chemokines contribute to shape the microenvironment, leading to the typical clinical symptoms. We investigated: i) the expression of Interleukin-IL-31 (IL-31) and Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP), two Th2-related cytokines with tumor-promoting and pruritogenic functions, and of the respective receptors in HL invaded lymph nodes by flow cytometry, and ii) the potential association of IL-31/TSLP plasma concentrations with clinical characteristics by ELISA. H/RS cells and the major immune cell types infiltrating HL lymph nodes expressed intracytoplasmic and surface IL-31/TSLP, and their receptors. A subgroup of patients showing at diagnosis elevated IL-31 and TSLP plasma levels had an International Prognostic Score>2, indicative of high risk of relapse, and a subsequent positive interim PET-scan, indicative of insufficient response to chemotherapy. No correlation was found between IL-31/TSLP plasma levels and overall or event-free survival. In conclusion, IL-31/TSLP and their receptors are expressed in HL cells and in immune cells infiltrating affected lymph nodes, where both cytokines may contribute to local immune suppression. The clinical impact of IL-31 and TSLP plasma levels has to be further defined in larger patient cohorts.
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Lian Q, Xu J, Yan S, Huang M, Ding H, Sun X, Bi A, Ding J, Sun B, Geng M. Chemotherapy-induced intestinal inflammatory responses are mediated by exosome secretion of double-strand DNA via AIM2 inflammasome activation. Cell Res 2017; 27:784-800. [PMID: 28409562 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2017.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapies are known often to induce severe gastrointestinal tract toxicity but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study considers the widely applied cytotoxic agent irinotecan (CPT-11) as a representative agent and demonstrates that treatment induces massive release of double-strand DNA from the intestine that accounts for the dose-limiting intestinal toxicity of the compound. Specifically, "self-DNA" released through exosome secretion enters the cytosol of innate immune cells and activates the AIM2 (absent in melanoma 2) inflammasome. This leads to mature IL-1β and IL-18 secretion and induces intestinal mucositis and late-onset diarrhoea. Interestingly, abrogation of AIM2 signalling, either in AIM2-deficient mice or by a pharmacological inhibitor such as thalidomide, significantly reduces the incidence of drug-induced diarrhoea without affecting the anticancer efficacy of CPT-11. These findings provide mechanistic insights into how chemotherapy triggers innate immune responses causing intestinal toxicity, and reveal new chemotherapy regimens that maintain anti-tumour effects but circumvent the associated adverse inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoshi Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shanshan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.,School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Min Huang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Honghua Ding
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology &Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Aiwei Bi
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology &Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Meiyu Geng
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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Ferretti E, Corcione A, Pistoia V. The IL-31/IL-31 receptor axis: general features and role in tumor microenvironment. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 102:711-717. [PMID: 28408397 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3mr0117-033r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-31 is a recently identified cytokine with a well-defined role in the pathogenesis of pruritus. IL-31, whose production is induced by IL-4 and IL-33, binds a heterodimeric receptor (R) composed of the exclusive IL-31RA chain and the shared oncostatin M R. Signaling through the IL-31R involves the MAPK, PI3K/AKT and Jak/STAT pathways. Different variants and isoforms of IL-31RA with different signaling activities have been identified. IL-31 is produced predominantly by circulating Th2 lymphocytes and skin-homing CLA+CD45RO+ T cells. Studies in humans have demonstrated a pathogenic role for IL-31 in atopic dermatitis and allergic asthma. The first demonstration of the involvement of the IL-31/IL-31R axis in cancer came from studies in patients with mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome, the most frequent, cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Tumor cells were shown to produce IL-31, whose serum levels correlated with pruritus intensity. Follicular lymphoma (FL) B cells and their counterparts-germinal center B cells-produced IL-31 and expressed IL-31R, which signaled in the former, but not the latter, cells. IL-31 released in association with microvesicles promoted tumor growth through autocrine/paracrine loops. Malignant mast cells from patients with mastocytosis or Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative disorder produced IL-31, which contributed to pruritus pathogenesis. Finally, patients with endometrial carcinoma displayed high serum levels of IL-31 and IL-33, which may represent promising disease biomarkers. Targeting strategies for the IL-31/IL-31R axis have been developed, including the CIMM331 humanized anti-human IL-31RA antibody recently tested in a phase I/Ib study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ferretti
- Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy; and
| | - Anna Corcione
- Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy; and
| | - Vito Pistoia
- Immunology Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy
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Yu L, Yan J, Sun Z. D-limonene exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in an ulcerative colitis rat model via regulation of iNOS, COX-2, PGE2 and ERK signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2339-2346. [PMID: 28260017 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
D-limonene has been demonstrated to have important immunomodulatory properties, including antitumor effects, and may alleviate asthma and allergies. In the present study, the anti‑inflammatory effects of D‑limonene were investigated in an ulcerative colitis (UC) rat model. Healthy male Sprague‑Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, untreated UC, and treatment with 50 or 100 mg/kg D‑limonene UC groups. In UC rats, disease activity and colonic mucosa damage were significantly reduced by the anti‑inflammatory effects of D‑limonene, via suppression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑2 and ‑9 gene expression. In addition, treatment with D‑limonene significantly increased antioxidant, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX‑2) protein expression levels in UC rats. A decrease in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, transforming growth factor‑β (TGF‑β) gene expression and an increase phosphorylated‑extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 expression levelswere observed in UC rats treated with D‑limonene. In conclusion, D‑limonene reduced MMP‑2 and ‑9 mRNA expression levels via regulation of the iNOS, COX‑2, PGE2, TGF‑β and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in a UC rat model, indicating its potential antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuxi Third People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214041, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Zhiguang Sun
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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Tvedt TH, Lie SA, Reikvam H, Rye KP, Lindås R, Gedde-Dahl T, Ahmed AB, Bruserud Ø. Pretransplant Levels of CRP and Interleukin-6 Family Cytokines; Effects on Outcome after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111823. [PMID: 27809289 PMCID: PMC5133824 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several pretransplant factors, including CRP (C-reactive protein) levels, reflect the risk of complications after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. IL-6 induces CRP increase, and we therefore investigated the effects of pretransplant IL-6, soluble IL-6 receptors, IL-6 family cytokines and CRP serum levels on outcome for 100 consecutive allotransplant recipients. All patients had related donors, none had active infections and 99 patients were in complete remission before conditioning. The incidence of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) requiring treatment was 40%, survival at Day +100 82%, and overall survival 48%. Despite a significant correlation between pretransplant CRP and IL-6 levels, only CRP levels significantly influenced transplant-related mortality (TRM). However, CRP did not influence overall survival (OS). Pretransplant IL-31 influenced late TRM. Finally, there was a significant association between pretransplant IL-6 and early postconditioning weight gain (i.e., fluid retention), and this fluid retention was a risk factor for aGVHD, TRM and OS. To conclude, pretransplant CRP, IL-31 and early posttransplant fluid retention were independent risk factors for TRM and survival after allotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tor Henrik Tvedt
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Stein Atle Lie
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Håkon Reikvam
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
- Section for Hematology, Institute of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Kristin Paulsen Rye
- Section for Hematology, Institute of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Roald Lindås
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
| | | | - Aymen Bushra Ahmed
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Øystein Bruserud
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
- Section for Hematology, Institute of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
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41
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Li B, Su H, Cao J, Zhang L. CXCL13 rather than IL-31 is a potential indicator in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Cytokine 2016; 89:91-97. [PMID: 27663978 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the expression and role of serum CXC chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and cytokine IL-31 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. METHODS A case-control study including preoperative serum samples of 78 patients with HCC, 78 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and 36 healthy controls (HCs) was conducted. The levels of serum CXCL13 and IL-31 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The correlation of serum cytokines and clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS Serum CXCL13, rather than IL-31, was significantly higher in patients with HCC compared with CHB patients or healthy controls. Moreover, there were no statistical differences between CHB patients and healthy controls. Serum CXCL13 was further increased in patients with large tumor size, metastasis and advanced HCC (TNM III-IV Stage). On correlation analysis, the levels of serum CXCL13 were related to HB, ALB, CHE, INR and Child-Pugh scores. The area under the ROC curve values for combination of CXCL13 and AFP was 0.938, whose sensitivity and specificity was 82.8% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that CXCL13 rather than IL-31 may have clinical values of diagnosis and prognosis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huiting Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ju Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Yu YN, Yu TC, Zhao HJ, Sun TT, Chen HM, Chen HY, An HF, Weng YR, Yu J, Li M, Qin WX, Ma X, Shen N, Hong J, Fang JY. Berberine may rescue Fusobacterium nucleatum-induced colorectal tumorigenesis by modulating the tumor microenvironment. Oncotarget 2016; 6:32013-26. [PMID: 26397137 PMCID: PMC4741656 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence links colorectal cancer (CRC) with the intestinal microbiota. However, the disturbance of intestinal microbiota and the role of Fusobacterium nucleatum during the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence have not yet been evaluated. Methods 454 FLX pyrosequencing was used to evaluate the disturbance of intestinal microbiota during the adenoma-carcinoma sequence pathway of CRC. Intestinal microbiota and mucosa tumor-immune cytokines were detected in mice after introducing 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH), F. nucleatum or Berberine (BBR), using pyrosequencing and Bio-Plex Pro™ cytokine assays, respectively. Protein expressions were detected by western blotting. Results The levels of opportunistic pathogens, such as Fusobacterium, Streptococcus and Enterococcus spp. gradually increased during the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence in human fecal and mucosal samples. F. nucleatum treatment significantly altered lumen microbial structures, with increased Tenericutes and Verrucomicrobia (opportunistic pathogens) (P < 0.05 = in wild-type C57BL/6 and mice with DMH treatment). BBR intervention reversed the F. nucleatum-mediated increase in opportunistic pathogens, and the secretion of IL-21/22/31, CD40L and the expression of p-STAT3, p-STAT5 and p-ERK1/2 in mice, compared with mice fed with F. nucleatum alone. Conclusions F. nucleatum colonization in the intestine may prompt colorectal tumorigenesis. BBR could rescue F. nucleatum-induced colorectal tumorigenesis by modulating the tumor microenvironment and blocking the activation of tumorigenesis-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ta-Chung Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Jun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Tian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Fang An
- Shanghai Majorbio Bio-pharm Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Rong Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease and LKS Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Min Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Xin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
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Izzo R, Bevivino G, Monteleone G. Tofacitinib for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2016; 25:991-7. [PMID: 27177233 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2016.1189900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Management of patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC), one of the most frequent inflammatory bowel diseases in human beings, is mainly based on the use of mesalamine and corticosteroids. Since in the long-term, these two drugs may be ineffective in nearly one third of the patients, immunosuppressants and/or biologics are needed to control disease activity. AREAS COVERED The marked activation of JAK/STAT molecules in inflamed mucosa of UC patients and the demonstration that UC-associated mucosal injury is driven by soluble factors that signal through JAK/STAT pathways led to investigation of JAK inhibitors for the treatment of active UC. Tofacitinib, an oral inhibitor of the cytokine-driven JAK-STAT signalling cascade, has recently been proposed for the treatment of moderate-to-severe UC. Phase 2 study showed the efficacy of tofacitinib to induce clinical and endoscopic improvement/remission and the safety profile of the drug. Herein the authors review this compound. EXPERT OPINION The results obtained from clinical trials with tofacitinib suggest that this drug could be a new treatment option for patients with moderate to severe UC. However, further experimentation is needed to assess the efficacy of this drug in selected subgroups of patients as well as to maintain remission and to determine the long-term safety profile of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Izzo
- a Department of Systems Medicine , University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' , Rome , Italy
| | - Gerolamo Bevivino
- a Department of Systems Medicine , University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' , Rome , Italy
| | - Giovanni Monteleone
- a Department of Systems Medicine , University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' , Rome , Italy
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Potential diagnostic value of serum/pleural fluid IL-31 levels for tuberculous pleural effusion. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20607. [PMID: 26864868 PMCID: PMC4750077 DOI: 10.1038/srep20607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the diagnostic value of IL-31 levels in the pleural fluid and plasma to differentially diagnose tuberculous and malignant pleural effusion. We enrolled 91 cases, including tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE, n = 50), malignant pleural effusion (MPE, n = 41), other cases including pneumonia with pleural fluid, pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy people as controls. Whole blood was stimulated with the M. tuberculosis-specific antigens and plasma was collected. The multiplex bead-based cytokine immunoassay was employed to measure the levels of various cytokines. IL-31 was found to be the most prominent cytokine (P < 0.0001), and with an optimal cut-off value of 67.5 pg/mL, the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of TPE were 86% and 100%, respectively. Furthermore, the tuberculosis-specific IL-31 levels in the plasma of TPE patients were higher than that of MPE patients (P = 0.0002). At an optimal cut-off value of 23.9 pg/mL, the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of TPE were 92.9% and 85.7%, respectively. Ultimately, the combination of pleural fluid with the plasma tuberculosis-specific IL-31 levels improved the sensitivity and specificity to 94.0% and 95.1%, respectively. Thus, we identified a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of TPE for clinical application.
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Boosani CS, Agrawal DK. Methylation and microRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation of SOCS3. Mol Biol Rep 2015; 42:853-72. [PMID: 25682267 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-015-3860-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic gene silencing of several genes causes different pathological conditions in humans, and DNA methylation has been identified as one of the key mechanisms that underlie this evolutionarily conserved phenomenon associated with developmental and pathological gene regulation. Recent advances in the miRNA technology with high throughput analysis of gene regulation further increased our understanding on the role of miRNAs regulating multiple gene expression. There is increasing evidence supporting that the miRNAs not only regulate gene expression but they also are involved in the hypermethylation of promoter sequences, which cumulatively contributes to the epigenetic gene silencing. Here, we critically evaluated the recent progress on the transcriptional regulation of an important suppressor protein that inhibits cytokine-mediated signaling, SOCS3, whose expression is directly regulated both by promoter methylation and also by microRNAs, affecting its vital cell regulating functions. SOCS3 was identified as a potent inhibitor of Jak/Stat signaling pathway which is frequently upregulated in several pathologies, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, viral infections, and the expression of SOCS3 was inhibited or greatly reduced due to hypermethylation of the CpG islands in its promoter region or suppression of its expression by different microRNAs. Additionally, we discuss key intracellular signaling pathways regulated by SOCS3 involving cellular events, including cell proliferation, cell growth, cell migration and apoptosis. Identification of the pathway intermediates as specific targets would not only aid in the development of novel therapeutic drugs, but, would also assist in developing new treatment strategies that could successfully be employed in combination therapy to target multiple signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra S Boosani
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
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46
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Ginaldi L, De Martinis M, Ciccarelli F, Saitta S, Imbesi S, Mannucci C, Gangemi S. Increased levels of interleukin 31 (IL-31) in osteoporosis. BMC Immunol 2015; 16:60. [PMID: 26449657 PMCID: PMC4599585 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-015-0125-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several inflammatory cytokines play a key part in the induction of osteoporosis. Until now, involvement of the Th2 cytokine interleukin-31 (IL-31) in osteoporosis hadn’t yet been studied. IL-31 is a proinflammatory cytokine mediating multiple immune functions, whose involvement in a wide range of diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, inflammatory bowel diseases and cutaneous lymphomas, is now emerging. Given the important role of IL-31 in inflammation, we measured its serum levels in postmenopausal osteoporotic patients. Methods and results In fifty-six postmenopausal females with osteoporosis and 26 healthy controls, bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were performed by using calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) technique, confirmed at the lumbar spine and hip by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Both patients and controls were divided according to age (less or more than 65 years) and disease severity (T-score levels and presence of fractures). Serum IL-31 levels were measured by ELISA technique. Osteoporotic patients exhibited elevated levels of serum IL-31 compared with healthy controls (43.12 ± 6.97 vs 29.58 ± 6.09 pg/ml; p < 0.049). IL-31 expression was higher in over 65 years old patients compared to age-matched controls (45 ± 11.05 vs. 17.92 ± 5.92; p < 0.01), whereas in younger subjects no statistically significant differences were detected between patients and controls (37.91 ± 6.9 vs 32.08 ± 8.2). No statistically significant differences were found between IL-31 levels in patients affected by mild (T-score > -3) compared to severe (T-score < -3) osteoporosis (59.17 ± 9.22 vs 37.91 ± 10.52), neither between fractured and unfractured osteoporotic women (33.75 ± 9.16 vs 51.25 ± 8.9). Conclusions We showed for the first time an increase of IL-31 serum levels in postmenopausal women with decreased BMD. Although they did not reflect the severity of osteoporosis and/or the presence of fractures, they clearly correlated with age, as reflected by the higher levels of this cytokine in aged patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Ginaldi
- Department of Life, Health, & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Massimo De Martinis
- Department of Life, Health, & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Fedra Ciccarelli
- Department of Life, Health, & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Saitta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Selene Imbesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Carmen Mannucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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47
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Hermanns HM. Oncostatin M and interleukin-31: Cytokines, receptors, signal transduction and physiology. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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48
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Takeuchi M, Sato T, Tanaka A, Muraoka T, Taguchi M, Sakurai Y, Karasawa Y, Ito M. Elevated Levels of Cytokines Associated with Th2 and Th17 Cells in Vitreous Fluid of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137358. [PMID: 26352837 PMCID: PMC4564282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are involved in low-grade inflammation in diabetes, and play pathogenic roles in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) by producing proinflammatory cytokines. T cells as well as other cells are also activated by proinflammatory cytokines, and infiltration into the vitreous of patients with PDR has been shown. In this study, we measured helper T (Th) cell-related cytokines in the vitreous of PDR patients to define the characteristics of Th-mediated immune responses associated with PDR. The study group consisted of 25 type 2 diabetic patients (25 eyes) with PDR. The control group consisted of 27 patients with epiretinal membrane (ERM), 26 patients with idiopathic macular hole (MH), and 26 patients with uveitis associated with sarcoidosis. Vitreous fluid was obtained at the beginning of vitrectomy, and centrifuging for cellular removals was not performed. Serum was also collected from PDR patients. IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL-25, IL-31, IL-33, IFN-γ, soluble sCD40L, and TNFα in the vitreous and serum samples were measured. Both percent detectable and levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-22, and TNFα in the vitreous were significantly higher than those in the serum in PDR patients. Vitreous levels of these cytokines and IL-31 were significantly higher in PDR than in ERM or MH patients. Vitreous levels of IL-4, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-31, and TNFα in PDR patients were also significantly higher than those of sarcoidosis patients. In PDR patients, vitreous IL-17A level correlated significantly with vitreous levels of IL-22 and IL-31, and especially with IL-4 and TNFα. Although it is unclear whether these cytokines play facilitative roles or inhibitory roles for the progression of PDR, the present study indicated that Th2- and Th17-related immune responses are involved in the pathogenesis of PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Takeuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Tomohito Sato
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tadashi Muraoka
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Manzo Taguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yutaka Sakurai
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoko Karasawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masataka Ito
- Department of Developmental Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
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49
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Maier E, Mittermeir M, Ess S, Neuper T, Schmiedlechner A, Duschl A, Horejs-Hoeck J. Prerequisites for Functional Interleukin 31 Signaling and Its Feedback Regulation by Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3). J Biol Chem 2015; 290:24747-59. [PMID: 26306032 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.661306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-31 (IL-31) is a T helper type 2 cell-derived cytokine tightly associated with inflammatory skin disorders. IL-31-induced signaling is mediated by a receptor complex composed of oncostatin M receptor β and the cytokine-specific receptor subunit IL-31Rα, of which there are several isoforms. The latter can be classified as long or short isoforms with respect to their intracellular domain. At present, the signaling capabilities of the different isoforms remain inchoately understood, and potential mechanisms involved in negative regulation of IL-31Rα signaling have so far not been studied in detail. Here, we show that both the long and short isoforms of IL-31Rα are capable of inducing STAT signaling. However, the presence of a functional JAK-binding box within IL-31Rα is an essential prerequisite for functional IL-31-mediated STAT3 signaling. Moreover, both the long and short isoforms require oncostatin M receptor β for their activity. We also show that IL-31 induces expression of four suppressor of cytokine signaling family members and provide evidence that SOCS3 acts as a potent feedback inhibitor of IL-31-induced signaling. Taken together, this study identifies crucial requirements for IL-31 signaling and shows its counter-regulation by SOCS3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Maier
- From the Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michaela Mittermeir
- From the Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Stefanie Ess
- From the Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Theresa Neuper
- From the Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Angela Schmiedlechner
- From the Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Albert Duschl
- From the Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jutta Horejs-Hoeck
- From the Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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50
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Liu F, Yu C. IL-8 promote carcinogenesis of primary epithelial cells from familial adenomatous polyposis. Cell Biochem Biophys 2015; 70:1765-71. [PMID: 25030408 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-0126-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Accumulated evidences supported IL-8 play an important role during colorectal carcinogenesis. However, few direct-related evidences are available. In this paper, we found that high level of IL-8 was constitutively present both in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) tissue and carcinoma tissue. Using primary epithelial cells from FAP samples, we study IL-8 effect on their growth, migration, and colonies formation. The results showed that IL-8 stimulated cells proliferation, migration, and colonies formation. Furthermore, High level of CEA, CK20, and EGFR was detected after exposure to IL-8 in primary epithelial cells. In conclusion, our findings showed that IL-8 promotes the adenoma-carcinoma transition in primary epithelial cells from FAP. Targeting IL-8 at adenoma stage may prevent or reduce carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2 Yinghua East Road, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
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