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Ali ANM, Saeed NAHAAH, Omear HA. The Anticancer Properties of Artemisia aucheri Boiss Extract on HT29 Colon Cancer Cells. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 52:113-119. [PMID: 31907764 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-019-00354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, and efforts toward its treatment have not been completely successful. In recent years, more attention has been focused on herbal medicine (HM) due to their anticancer and cytotoxic properties. This study investigated the anticancer and antioxidant effects of Artemisia aucheri (A. aucheri) Boiss extract against HT29 colon cancer cells compared with HEK239 natural cells. METHODS This study was performed on human HT29 colon cancer cells. Various doses of 0, 10, 100, 500, and 1000 μg/ml of A. aucheri extract were subjected to cells at specified time intervals. After treatment, the trypan blue test was employed to determine the viability of the cells. MTT and annexin tests were used to determine cell viability and the apoptosis induced by the extract. Malondialdehyde (MDA) testing was applied to investigate the antioxidant properties of the extract on fatty acids. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22. One-way ANOVA and paired comparison tests were employed for data analysis. RESULTS The highest cytotoxicity effect of A. aucheri extract was observed at 1000 μg/ml (80.63 ± 3.66) being dose-dependent compared with the control in both cell lines (p < 0.001). Additionally, the survival rate of HT29 (IC50 = 57.88 μg/ml) and HEK (IC50 = 295 μg/ml) cancer cells decreased with increasing concentration of A. aucheri (the lowest cell viability was at 1000 μg/ml). Furthermore, the induction of membrane lipid peroxidation was significantly higher in HT29 compared with the control (p < 0.001). Another cytotoxic mechanism for the extract was the induction of apoptosis being significantly higher in HT29 colon cancer cells compared with the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Cytotoxic effects of A. aucheri extract were dose-dependent. This HM exerted cytotoxic effects against HT29 cells through the induction of membrane lipid peroxidation and apoptosis.
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Charlie-Silva I, Feitosa NM, Fukushima HCS, Borra RC, Foglio MA, Xavier RMP, de Melo Hoyos DC, de Oliveira Sousa IM, de Souza GG, Bailone RL, de Andrade Belo MA, Correia SAM, Junior JDC, Pierezan F, Malafaia G. Effects of nanocapsules of poly-ε-caprolactone containing artemisinin on zebrafish early-life stages and adults. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 756:143851. [PMID: 33257061 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin extracted from Artemisia annua L. plants has a range of properties that qualifies it to treat several diseases, such as malaria and cancer. However, it has short half-life, which requires making continuous use of it, which has motivated the association of artemisinin (ART) with polymeric nanoparticles to increase its therapeutic efficiency. However, the ecotoxicological safety of this association has been questioned, given the scarcity of studies in this area. Thus, in this work the toxicity of Poly (ε-Caprolactone) nanocapsules added with ART (ART-NANO) in zebrafish (Danio rerio), embryos and adults was studied. Different endpoints were analyzed in organisms exposed to ART-NANO, including those predictive of embryotoxicity and histopatoxicity. Embryotoxicity was analyzed based on Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guideline (236) for fish embryo acute toxicity applied to zebrafish (Danio rerio) at 96 hpf under five nominal logarithmic concentrations (0.125 to 2.0 mg/ L). Our results demonstrate, mainly, that fertilized eggs presented increased coagulation, lack of heart rate, vitelline sac displacement and lack of somite formation. On the other hand, adult individuals (exposed to the same concentrations and evaluated after 24 and 96 h of exposure) have shown increased pericarditis. Therefore, the treatment based on ART, poly (ε-caprolactone) nanocapsules and on their combination at different concentrations have shown toxic effects on zebrafish embryos and adult individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ives Charlie-Silva
- Pharmacology Department, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália Martins Feitosa
- Integrated Translational Biosciences Laboratory (LIBT), Biodiversity and Sustainability Institute (NUPEM), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)- Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Carneiro Borra
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mary Ann Foglio
- Pharmaceutical Sciences School, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ricardo Lacava Bailone
- Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio de Andrade Belo
- Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Biological Sciences Department, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
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Charlie-Silva I, Fraceto LF, de Melo NFS. Progress in nano-drug delivery of artemisinin and its derivatives: towards to use in immunomodulatory approaches. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:S611-S620. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1505739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Charlie-Silva I, Giglioti R, Magalhães PM, Sousa IMO, Foglio MA, Oliveira MCS, Chagas ACS. Lack of impact of dietary inclusion of dried Artemisia annua leaves for cattle on infestation by Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2018; 9:1115-1119. [PMID: 29693549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated whether a natural dietary additive, dried Artemisia annua leaves, may be useful to control Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus on naturally infested cattle. Twenty heifers of the Canchim breed, weighing around 250 kg, were divided into two equally sized experimental groups: 1) control animals and 2) animals receiving 200 g/day of dried A. annua leaves for two months. Before treatment began, the animals were homogeneously distributed in control and treatment groups based on their pre-treatment weight and tick infestation level. Counts of engorged female ticks then occurred weekly during the two-month experimental period. We also monitored cattle weight gain and packed cell volume (PCV). Artemisinin (0.96%) was quantified in the plant material by high-performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detector (HPLC-IR). No statistical differences between the control and treatment groups were observed for engorged female counts (log averages of 1.3 ticks and 1.4 ticks per animal, respectively), daily cattle weight gain (0.910 kg and 0.888 kg, respectively) or PCV (33.5% and 33.0%, respectively). We conclude that the oral supplementation of cattle feed with dried A. annuna leaves did not control natural infestation of R. (B.) microplus. The hypothesis of artemisinin's action on cattle ticks by ingestion through the animals' blood was not confirmed at the evaluated dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ives Charlie-Silva
- Universidade Brasil, Campus São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 08230-030, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Giglioti
- Universidade Brasil, Campus São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 08230-030, Brazil
| | - Pedro M Magalhães
- Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas, Paulinia, SP, 13140-000, Brazil
| | - Ilza M O Sousa
- Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas, Paulinia, SP, 13140-000, Brazil
| | - Mary Ann Foglio
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-871, Brazil
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Konstat-Korzenny E, Ascencio-Aragón JA, Niezen-Lugo S, Vázquez-López R. Artemisinin and Its Synthetic Derivatives as a Possible Therapy for Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 6:medsci6010019. [PMID: 29495461 PMCID: PMC5872176 DOI: 10.3390/medsci6010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To assess the possibility of using the antimalarial drug artemisinin and its synthetic derivatives as antineoplastic drugs. A Pubmed and Google Scholar (1983–2018) search was performed using the terms artemisinin, cancer, artesunate and Artemisia annua. Case reports and original research articles, review articles, and clinical trials in both humans and animals were evaluated. Both in vitro and in vivo clinical trials and case reports have shown promising activity of the artemisinin drug derivatives in treating certain types of cancer. However, the reported articles are few, and therefore not statistically significant. The minimal toxicity shown in clinical trials and case reports, along with the selective cytotoxic activity of the compounds, make them possible cancer therapies due to the emerging evidence of the drug’s effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Konstat-Korzenny
- Departamento de Microbiología del Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA) Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte. Av. Universidad Anáhuac 46 Col. Lomas Anáhuac Huixquilucan, Estado de México 52786, México.
| | - Jorge Alberto Ascencio-Aragón
- Departamento de Microbiología del Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA) Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte. Av. Universidad Anáhuac 46 Col. Lomas Anáhuac Huixquilucan, Estado de México 52786, México.
| | - Sebastian Niezen-Lugo
- Departamento de Microbiología del Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA) Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte. Av. Universidad Anáhuac 46 Col. Lomas Anáhuac Huixquilucan, Estado de México 52786, México.
| | - Rosalino Vázquez-López
- Departamento de Microbiología del Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA) Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte. Av. Universidad Anáhuac 46 Col. Lomas Anáhuac Huixquilucan, Estado de México 52786, México.
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Tahir H, Shahzad Y, Waters LJ, Hussain T, Yousaf AM, Mahmood T, Sheikh R. Impact of processing methods on the dissolution of artemether from two non-ordered mesoporous silicas. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 112:139-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Poupel F, Aghaei M, Movahedian A, Jafari SM, Shahrestanaki MK. Dihydroartemisinin Induces Apoptosis in Human Bladder Cancer Cell Lines Through Reactive Oxygen Species, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, and Cytochrome C Pathway. Int J Prev Med 2017; 8:78. [PMID: 29114376 PMCID: PMC5651661 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_258_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin and has antiproliferative effect. However, such effects of DHA have not yet been revealed for bladder cancer cells. Methods: We used as bladder cancer cell lines to examine the effect of DHA on the cell viability, cell apoptosis, and monitoring of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) changes. Furthermore, the effect of DHA on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cytochrome c release were also detected. We employed MTT assay to investigate the cell proliferation effect of DHA on the EJ-138 and HTB-9 human bladder cancer cells. Annexin/PI staining, caspase-3 activity assay, Bcl-2/Bax protein expression, mitochondrial membrane potential assay, cytochrome c release, and ROS analysis were used for apoptosis detection. Results: DHA significantly reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Cytotoxicity of DHA was suppressed by N-acetylcysteine. The growth inhibition effect of DHA was related to the induction of cell apoptosis, which were manifested by annexin V-FITC staining, activation of caspase-3. DHA also increased ROS generation, cytochrome c release, and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) in cells. In addition, the downregulation of regulatory protein Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax protein by DHA were also observed. Conclusions: These findings demonstrated that DHA induces apoptosis through mitochondrial signaling pathway. These suggest that DHA may be a potential agent for induction of apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Poupel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Aghaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Movahedian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mehdi Jafari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Keyvanloo Shahrestanaki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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