Conley D, Laidley TM, Boardman JD, Domingue BW. Changing Polygenic Penetrance on Phenotypes in the 20(th) Century Among Adults in the US Population.
Sci Rep 2016;
6:30348. [PMID:
27456657 PMCID:
PMC4960614 DOI:
10.1038/srep30348]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates changes in genetic penetrance—defined as the association between an additive polygenic score and its associated phenotype—across birth cohorts. Situating our analysis within recent historical trends in the U.S., we show that, while height and BMI show increasing genotypic penetrance over the course of 20th Century, education and heart disease show declining genotypic effects. Meanwhile, we find genotypic penetrance to be historically stable with respect to depression. Our findings help inform our understanding of how the genetic and environmental landscape of American society has changed over the past century, and have implications for research which models gene-environment (GxE) interactions, as well as polygenic score calculations in consortia studies that include multiple birth cohorts.
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