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Schubert MC, Soyka SJ, Tamimi A, Maus E, Schroers J, Wißmann N, Reyhan E, Tetzlaff SK, Yang Y, Denninger R, Peretzke R, Beretta C, Drumm M, Heuer A, Buchert V, Steffens A, Walshon J, McCortney K, Heiland S, Bendszus M, Neher P, Golebiewska A, Wick W, Winkler F, Breckwoldt MO, Kreshuk A, Kuner T, Horbinski C, Kurz FT, Prevedel R, Venkataramani V. Deep intravital brain tumor imaging enabled by tailored three-photon microscopy and analysis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7383. [PMID: 39256378 PMCID: PMC11387418 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51432-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Intravital 2P-microscopy enables the longitudinal study of brain tumor biology in superficial mouse cortex layers. Intravital microscopy of the white matter, an important route of glioblastoma invasion and recurrence, has not been feasible, due to low signal-to-noise ratios and insufficient spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we present an intravital microscopy and artificial intelligence-based analysis workflow (Deep3P) that enables longitudinal deep imaging of glioblastoma up to a depth of 1.2 mm. We find that perivascular invasion is the preferred invasion route into the corpus callosum and uncover two vascular mechanisms of glioblastoma migration in the white matter. Furthermore, we observe morphological changes after white matter infiltration, a potential basis of an imaging biomarker during early glioblastoma colonization. Taken together, Deep3P allows for a non-invasive intravital investigation of brain tumor biology and its tumor microenvironment at subcortical depths explored, opening up opportunities for studying the neuroscience of brain tumors and other model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Cicero Schubert
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stella Judith Soyka
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amr Tamimi
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emanuel Maus
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian Schroers
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niklas Wißmann
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ekin Reyhan
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Svenja Kristin Tetzlaff
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Yang
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Denninger
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robin Peretzke
- Division of Medical Image Computing (MIC), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carlo Beretta
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Drumm
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alina Heuer
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Buchert
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alicia Steffens
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jordain Walshon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kathleen McCortney
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sabine Heiland
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Neher
- Division of Medical Image Computing (MIC), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Golebiewska
- NORLUX Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1526, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Winkler
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael O Breckwoldt
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Kreshuk
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kuner
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Felix Tobias Kurz
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Robert Prevedel
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Rome, Italy.
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Varun Venkataramani
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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Li Y, Zhu H, Liu Y, Ding Y, Li S, Li L, Zhang J, Jiang J, Shen N, Zhu W. Assessment the Impact of IDH Mutation Status on MRI Assessments of White Matter Integrity in Glioma Patients: Insights From Peak Width of Skeletonized Mean Diffusivity and Free Water Metrics. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 39165049 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas are highly invasive brain tumors that evade accurate geographic assessment by conventional MRI due to microscopic invasion along white matter (WM) tracts. Advanced diffusion MRI techniques are needed to assess occult WM involvement. PURPOSE To evaluate peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) and peak width of skeletonized free water (PSFW), and axonal water fraction (AWF) for assessing glioma-induced alterations in normal-appearing WM and their relationship with isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation. STUDY TYPE Retrospective. POPULATION One hundred five glioma patients (46 ± 13 years), 53 healthy controls (HCs) (46 ± 9 years). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0 T, T1WI, T1-CE, T2WI, T2FLAIR, and DKI. ASSESSMENT PSMD and PSFW were compared between lesion and contralateral sides in glioma patients and between patients and HCs. The associations between these metrics and clinical variables, including IDH1 mutation, was assessed. Corpus callosum (CC) injury, quantified by the AWF, was evaluated for its mediated effect of IDH1 mutation on contralesional PSMD and PSFW. STATISTICAL TESTS Paired-t tests, ANCOVA, univariate and multivariate linear regression, and mediation analysis with significance set at P < 0.05. RESULTS Contralateral PSMD and PSFW were significantly higher in left-sided gliomas (PSMD: 0.206 ± 0.027 vs. 0.193 ± 0.023; PSFW: 0.119 ± 0.019 vs. 0.106 ± 0.020) than in HCs, with similar increases in right-sided gliomas (PSMD: 0.219 ± 0.036 vs. 0.195 ± 0.023; PSFW: 0.129 ± 0.031 vs. 0.109 ± 0.020). IDH1 wild-type gliomas were associated with higher contralateral PSMD and PSFW (β = -0.302 and -0.412). AWF of CC mediated the impact of IDH1 mutations on contralesional PSMD and PSFW (mediated proportion: 42.7% and 53.7%). DATA CONCLUSION PSMD and PSFW are effective biomarkers for assessing WM integrity in gliomas, significantly associated with IDH1 mutation status. AWF of CC mediates the relationship between IDH1 mutation and contralesional PSMD and PSFW. EVIDENCE LEVEL 4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Li
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongquan Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujie Ding
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shihui Li
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nanxi Shen
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhen Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Simińska D, Kojder K, Jeżewski D, Tarnowski M, Tomasiak P, Piotrowska K, Kolasa A, Patrycja K, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. Estrogen α and β Receptor Expression in the Various Regions of Resected Glioblastoma Multiforme Tumors and in an In Vitro Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4130. [PMID: 38612938 PMCID: PMC11012502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant tumor with a higher prevalence in men and a higher survival rate in transmenopausal women. It exhibits distinct areas influenced by changing environmental conditions. This study examines how these areas differ in the levels of estrogen receptors (ERs) which play an important role in the development and progression of many cancers, and whose expression levels are often correlated with patient survival. This study utilized two research models: an in vitro model employing the U87 cell line and a second model involving tumors resected from patients (including tumor core, enhancing tumor region, and peritumoral area). ER expression was assessed at both gene and protein levels, with the results validated using confocal microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Under hypoxic conditions, the U87 line displayed a decrease in ERβ mRNA expression and an increase in ERα mRNA expression. In patient samples, ERβ mRNA expression was lower in the tumor core compared to the enhancing tumor region (only in males when the study group was divided by sex). In addition, ERβ protein expression was lower in the tumor core than in the peritumoral area (only in women when the study group was divided by sex). Immunohistochemical analysis indicated the highest ERβ protein expression in the enhancing tumor area, followed by the peritumoral area, and the lowest in the tumor core. The findings suggest that ER expression may significantly influence the development of GBM, exhibiting variability under the influence of conditions present in different tumor areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donata Simińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.); (K.P.); (I.B.-B.)
| | - Klaudyna Kojder
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Jeżewski
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
- Department of Applied Neurocognitivistics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maciej Tarnowski
- Department of Physiology in Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54, 70-210 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Tomasiak
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 70-453 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Piotrowska
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Kolasa
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Kapczuk Patrycja
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.); (K.P.); (I.B.-B.)
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.); (K.P.); (I.B.-B.)
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.); (K.P.); (I.B.-B.)
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4
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Jayaram MA, Phillips JJ. Role of the Microenvironment in Glioma Pathogenesis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 19:181-201. [PMID: 37832944 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-051122-110348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are a diverse group of primary central nervous system tumors that affect both children and adults. Recent studies have revealed a dynamic cross talk that occurs between glioma cells and components of their microenvironment, including neurons, astrocytes, immune cells, and the extracellular matrix. This cross talk regulates fundamental aspects of glioma development and growth. In this review, we discuss recent discoveries about the impact of these interactions on gliomas and highlight how tumor cells actively remodel their microenvironment to promote disease. These studies provide a better understanding of the interactions in the microenvironment that are important in gliomas, offer insight into the cross talk that occurs, and identify potential therapeutic vulnerabilities that can be utilized to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Anjali Jayaram
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA;
| | - Joanna J Phillips
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA;
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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5
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Salvalaggio A, Pini L, Gaiola M, Velco A, Sansone G, Anglani M, Fekonja L, Chioffi F, Picht T, Thiebaut de Schotten M, Zagonel V, Lombardi G, D’Avella D, Corbetta M. White Matter Tract Density Index Prediction Model of Overall Survival in Glioblastoma. JAMA Neurol 2023; 80:1222-1231. [PMID: 37747720 PMCID: PMC10520843 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.3284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Importance The prognosis of overall survival (OS) in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) may depend on the underlying structural connectivity of the brain. Objective To examine the association between white matter tracts affected by GBM and patients' OS by means of a new tract density index (TDI). Design, Setting, and Participants This prognostic study in patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of GBM examined a discovery cohort of 112 patients who underwent surgery between February 1, 2015, and November 30, 2020 (follow-up to May 31, 2023), in Italy and 70 patients in a replicative cohort (n = 70) who underwent surgery between September 1, 2012, and November 30, 2015 (follow-up to May 31, 2023), in Germany. Statistical analyses were performed from June 1, 2021, to May 31, 2023. Thirteen and 12 patients were excluded from the discovery and the replicative sets, respectively, because of magnetic resonance imaging artifacts. Exposure The density of white matter tracts encompassing GBM. Main Outcomes and Measures Correlation, linear regression, Cox proportional hazards regression, Kaplan-Meier, and prediction analysis were used to assess the association between the TDI and OS. Results were compared with common prognostic factors of GBM, including age, performance status, O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase methylation, and extent of surgery. Results In the discovery cohort (n = 99; mean [SD] age, 62.2 [11.5] years; 29 female [29.3%]; 70 male [70.7%]), the TDI was significantly correlated with OS (r = -0.34; P < .001). This association was more stable compared with other prognostic factors. The TDI showed a significant regression pattern (Cox: hazard ratio, 0.28 [95% CI, 0.02-0.55; P = .04]; linear: t = -2.366; P = .02). and a significant Kaplan-Meier stratification of patients as having lower or higher OS based on the TDI (log-rank test = 4.52; P = .03). Results were confirmed in the replicative cohort (n = 58; mean [SD] age, 58.5 [11.1] years, 14 female [24.1%]; 44 male [75.9%]). High (24-month cutoff) and low (18-month cutoff) OS was predicted based on the TDI computed in the discovery cohort (accuracy = 87%). Conclusions and Relevance In this study, GBMs encompassing regions with low white matter tract density were associated with longer OS. These findings indicate that the TDI is a reliable presurgical outcome predictor that may be considered in clinical trials and clinical practice. These findings support a framework in which the outcome of GBM depends on the patient's brain organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Salvalaggio
- Clinica Neurologica, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pini
- Clinica Neurologica, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Gaiola
- Clinica Neurologica, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Aron Velco
- Clinica Neurologica, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulio Sansone
- Clinica Neurologica, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Lucius Fekonja
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Matters of Activity. Image Space Material,” Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franco Chioffi
- Division of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Thomas Picht
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Matters of Activity. Image Space Material,” Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michel Thiebaut de Schotten
- Brain Connectivity and Behaviour Laboratory, Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France
- Groupe d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives-UMR 5293, CNRS, CEA University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Vittorina Zagonel
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lombardi
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Domenico D’Avella
- Academic Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Corbetta
- Clinica Neurologica, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Fondazione Biomedica, Padova, Italy
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6
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Safarians G, Sohrabi A, Solomon I, Xiao W, Bastola S, Rajput BW, Epperson M, Rosenzweig I, Tamura K, Singer B, Huang J, Harrison MJ, Sanazzaro T, Condro MC, Kornblum HI, Seidlits SK. Glioblastoma Spheroid Invasion through Soft, Brain-Like Matrices Depends on Hyaluronic Acid-CD44 Interactions. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2203143. [PMID: 36694362 PMCID: PMC10238626 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Increased secretion of hyaluronic acid (HA), a glycosaminoglycan abundant in the brain extracellular matrix (ECM), correlates with worse clinical outcomes for glioblastoma (GBM) patients. GBM cells aggressively invade the brain parenchyma while encountering spatiotemporal changes in their local ECM, including HA concentration. To investigate how varying HA concentrations affect GBM invasion, patient-derived GBM cells are cultured within a soft, 3D matrix in which HA concentration is precisely varied and cell migration observed. Data demonstrate that HA concentration can determine the invasive activity of patient-derived GBM cells in a biphasic and highly sensitive manner, where the absolute concentration of HA at which cell migration peaked is specific to each patient-derived line. Furthermore, evidence that this response relies on phosphorylated ezrin, which interacts with the intracellular domain of HA-engaged CD44 to effectively link the actin cytoskeleton to the local ECM is provided. Overall, this study highlights CD44-HA binding as a major mediator of GBM cell migration that acts independently of integrins and focal adhesion complexes and suggests that targeting HA-CD44-ezrin interactions represents a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent tumor cell invasion in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gevick Safarians
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Alireza Sohrabi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Itay Solomon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Weikun Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Soniya Bastola
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Bushra W Rajput
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mary Epperson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Isabella Rosenzweig
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kelly Tamura
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Breahna Singer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Joyce Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mollie J Harrison
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Talia Sanazzaro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Michael C Condro
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Stephanie K Seidlits
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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7
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Mandal AS, Brem S, Suckling J. Brain network mapping and glioma pathophysiology. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad040. [PMID: 36895956 PMCID: PMC9989143 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult diffuse gliomas are among the most difficult brain disorders to treat in part due to a lack of clarity regarding the anatomical origins and mechanisms of migration of the tumours. While the importance of studying networks of glioma spread has been recognized for at least 80 years, the ability to carry out such investigations in humans has emerged only recently. Here, we comprehensively review the fields of brain network mapping and glioma biology to provide a primer for investigators interested in merging these areas of inquiry for the purposes of translational research. Specifically, we trace the historical development of ideas in both brain network mapping and glioma biology, highlighting studies that explore clinical applications of network neuroscience, cells-of-origin of diffuse glioma and glioma-neuronal interactions. We discuss recent research that has merged neuro-oncology and network neuroscience, finding that the spatial distribution patterns of gliomas follow intrinsic functional and structural brain networks. Ultimately, we call for more contributions from network neuroimaging to realize the translational potential of cancer neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan S Mandal
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Steven Brem
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John Suckling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
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8
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Hashimoto N, Kitai R, Fujita S, Yamauchi T, Isozaki M, Kikuta KI. Single-Cell Analysis of Unidirectional Migration of Glioblastoma Cells Using a Fiber-Based Scaffold. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:765-773. [PMID: 36758146 PMCID: PMC9945112 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant incurable brain tumor in which immature neoplastic cells infiltrate brain tissue by spreading along nerve fibers. The aim of the study was to compare the migration abilities of glioma cells with those of other cancer cells and elucidate the migratory profiles underlying the differential migration of glioma cells using a fiber-based quantitative migration assay. Here, wound healing and transwell assays were used to assess cell mobility in four cell lines: U87-MG glioblastoma cells, MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, HCT116 colorectal cancer cells, and MKN45 gastric cancer cells. We also assessed cell mobility using a fiber model that mimics nerve fibers. Time-lapse video microscopy was used to observe cell migration and morphology. The cytoskeleton arrangement was assessed in the fiber model and compared with that in the conventional cell culture model. The conventional evaluation of cell migration ability revealed that the migration ability of breast cancer and glioblastoma cell lines was higher than that of colon cancer and gastric cancer cell lines. The fiber model confirmed that the glioblastoma cell line had a significantly higher migration ability than other cell lines. Tubulin levels were significantly higher in the glioblastoma cells than in other cell lines. In conclusion, the developed fiber-based culture model revealed the specific migratory profile of GBM cells during invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norichika Hashimoto
- Division of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3, Matsuokashimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Fukui General Hospital, 58-16-1 Egami-cho, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8561, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Kitai
- Division of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3, Matsuokashimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kaga Medical Center, Kaga, Ri 36, Sakumi-machi, Kaga-shi, Ishikawa 922-8522, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Department of Frontier Fiber Technology and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8507, Japan.,Organization for Life Science Advancement Programs, University of Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamauchi
- Division of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3, Matsuokashimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.,Organization for Life Science Advancement Programs, University of Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Makoto Isozaki
- Division of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3, Matsuokashimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Kikuta
- Division of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3, Matsuokashimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.,Organization for Life Science Advancement Programs, University of Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
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9
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Leu S, Hutter G, Boulay JL. Proteome-based insights for IDH-mutant glioma classification. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100909. [PMID: 36652918 PMCID: PMC9873937 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this issue, Bader et al.1 characterize the proteomes of diffuse glioma brain tumors by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and classify isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant gliomas into two subtypes, which differ in oncogenic pathways and aerobic/anaerobic energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severina Leu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Laboratory of Brain Tumor Immunotherapy and Biology, Department of BioMedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Hutter
- Department of Neurosurgery and Laboratory of Brain Tumor Immunotherapy and Biology, Department of BioMedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Louis Boulay
- Department of Neurosurgery and Laboratory of Brain Tumor Immunotherapy and Biology, Department of BioMedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
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10
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Sachdeva P, Ghosh S, Ghosh S, Han S, Banerjee J, Bhaskar R, Sinha JK. Childhood Obesity: A Potential Key Factor in the Development of Glioblastoma Multiforme. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12101673. [PMID: 36295107 PMCID: PMC9605119 DOI: 10.3390/life12101673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant primary tumor type of the central nervous system (CNS). This type of brain tumor is rare and is responsible for 12-15% of all brain tumors. The typical survival rate of GBM is only 12 to 14 months. GBM has a poor and unsatisfactory prognosis despite advances in research and therapeutic interventions via neurosurgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. The molecular heterogeneity, aggressive nature, and occurrence of drug-resistant cancer stem cells in GB restricts the therapeutic efficacy. Interestingly, the CNS tumors in children are the second most usual and persistent type of solid tumor. Since numerous research studies has shown the association between obesity and cancer, childhood obesity is one of the potential reasons behind the development of CNS tumors, including GBM. Obesity in children has almost reached epidemic rates in both developed and developing countries, harming children's physical and mental health. Obese children are more likely to face obesity as adults and develop non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease as compared to adults with normal weight. However, the actual origin and cause of obesity are difficult to be pointed out, as it is assumed to be a disorder with numerous causes such as environmental factors, lifestyle, and cultural background. In this narrative review article, we discuss the various molecular and genetic drivers of obesity that can be targeted as potential contributing factors to fight the development of GBM in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punya Sachdeva
- GloNeuro, Sector 107, Vishwakarma Road, Noida 201301, India
| | - Shampa Ghosh
- GloNeuro, Sector 107, Vishwakarma Road, Noida 201301, India
- ICMR—National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Soumya Ghosh
- GloNeuro, Sector 107, Vishwakarma Road, Noida 201301, India
| | - Sungsoo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Juni Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar 382426, India
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (R.B.); (J.K.S.)
| | - Rakesh Bhaskar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (R.B.); (J.K.S.)
| | - Jitendra Kumar Sinha
- GloNeuro, Sector 107, Vishwakarma Road, Noida 201301, India
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (R.B.); (J.K.S.)
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11
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DTI Abnormalities Related to Glioblastoma: A Prospective Comparative Study with Metastasis and Healthy Subjects. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:2823-2834. [PMID: 35448204 PMCID: PMC9027882 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29040230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) shows complex mechanisms of spreading of the tumor cells, up to remote areas, and little is still known of these mechanisms, thus we focused on MRI abnormalities observable in the tumor and the brain adjacent to the lesion, up to the contralateral hemisphere, with a special interest on tensor diffusion imaging informing on white matter architecture; (2) Material and Methods: volumes, macroscopic volume (MV), brain-adjacent-tumor (BAT) volume and abnormal color-coded DTI volume (aCCV), and region-of-interest samples (probe volumes, ipsi, and contra lateral to the lesion), with their MRI characteristics, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fractional anisotropy (FA) values, and number of fibers (DTI fiber tracking) were analyzed in patients suffering GBM (n = 15) and metastasis (n = 9), and healthy subjects (n = 15), using ad hoc statistical methods (type I error = 5%) (3) Results: GBM volumes were larger than metastasis volumes, aCCV being larger in GBM and BAT ADC was higher in metastasis, ADC decreased centripetally in metastasis, FA increased centripetally either in GBM or metastasis, MV and BAT FA values were higher in GBM, ipsi FA values of GBM ROIs were higher than those of metastasis, and the GBM ipsi number of fibers was higher than the GBM contra number of fibers; (4) Conclusions: The MV, BAT and especially the aCCV, as well as their related water diffusion characteristics, could be useful biomarkers in oncology and functional oncology.
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12
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Mandal AS, Romero-Garcia R, Seidlitz J, Hart MG, Alexander-Bloch AF, Suckling J. Lesion covariance networks reveal proposed origins and pathways of diffuse gliomas. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab289. [PMID: 34917940 PMCID: PMC8669792 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse gliomas have been hypothesized to originate from neural stem cells in the subventricular zone and develop along previously healthy brain networks. Here, we evaluated these hypotheses by mapping independent sources of glioma localization and determining their relationships with neurogenic niches, genetic markers and large-scale connectivity networks. By applying independent component analysis to lesion data from 242 adult patients with high- and low-grade glioma, we identified three lesion covariance networks, which reflect clusters of frequent glioma localization. Replicability of the lesion covariance networks was assessed in an independent sample of 168 glioma patients. We related the lesion covariance networks to important clinical variables, including tumour grade and patient survival, as well as genomic information such as molecular genetic subtype and bulk transcriptomic profiles. Finally, we systematically cross-correlated the lesion covariance networks with structural and functional connectivity networks derived from neuroimaging data of over 4000 healthy UK BioBank participants to uncover intrinsic brain networks that may that underlie tumour development. The three lesion covariance networks overlapped with the anterior, posterior and inferior horns of the lateral ventricles respectively, extending into the frontal, parietal and temporal cortices. These locations were independently replicated. The first lesion covariance network, which overlapped with the anterior horn, was associated with low-grade, isocitrate dehydrogenase -mutated/1p19q-codeleted tumours, as well as a neural transcriptomic signature and improved overall survival. Each lesion covariance network significantly coincided with multiple structural and functional connectivity networks, with the first bearing an especially strong relationship with brain connectivity, consistent with its neural transcriptomic profile. Finally, we identified subcortical, periventricular structures with functional connectivity patterns to the cortex that significantly matched each lesion covariance network. In conclusion, we demonstrated replicable patterns of glioma localization with clinical relevance and spatial correspondence with large-scale functional and structural connectivity networks. These results are consistent with prior reports of glioma growth along white matter pathways, as well as evidence for the coordination of glioma stem cell proliferation by neuronal activity. Our findings describe how the locations of gliomas relate to their proposed subventricular origins, suggesting a model wherein periventricular brain connectivity guides tumour development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan S Mandal
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Mapping Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain-Gene Development Lab, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rafael Romero-Garcia
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Mapping Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Jakob Seidlitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain-Gene Development Lab, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael G Hart
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Mapping Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK
- Academic Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Aaron F Alexander-Bloch
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain-Gene Development Lab, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John Suckling
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Mapping Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK
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13
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Jütten K, Weninger L, Mainz V, Gauggel S, Binkofski F, Wiesmann M, Merhof D, Clusmann H, Na CH. Dissociation of structural and functional connectomic coherence in glioma patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16790. [PMID: 34408195 PMCID: PMC8373888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95932-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
With diffuse infiltrative glioma being increasingly recognized as a systemic brain disorder, the macroscopically apparent tumor lesion is suggested to impact on cerebral functional and structural integrity beyond the apparent lesion site. We investigated resting-state functional connectivity (FC) and diffusion-MRI-based structural connectivity (SC) (comprising edge-weight (EW) and fractional anisotropy (FA)) in isodehydrogenase mutated (IDHmut) and wildtype (IDHwt) patients and healthy controls. SC and FC were determined for whole-brain and the Default-Mode Network (DMN), mean intra- and interhemispheric SC and FC were compared across groups, and partial correlations were analyzed intra- and intermodally. With interhemispheric EW being reduced in both patient groups, IDHwt patients showed FA decreases in the ipsi- and contralesional hemisphere, whereas IDHmut patients revealed FA increases in the contralesional hemisphere. Healthy controls showed strong intramodal connectivity, each within the structural and functional connectome. Patients however showed a loss in structural and reductions in functional connectomic coherence, which appeared to be more pronounced in IDHwt glioma patients. Findings suggest a relative dissociation of structural and functional connectomic coherence in glioma patients at the time of diagnosis, with more structural connectomic aberrations being encountered in IDHwt glioma patients. Connectomic profiling may aid in phenotyping and monitoring prognostically differing tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Jütten
- Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Leon Weninger
- Imaging and Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Verena Mainz
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 19, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Siegfried Gauggel
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 19, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Binkofski
- Division of Clinical Cognitive Sciences, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 17, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Wiesmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dorit Merhof
- Imaging and Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hans Clusmann
- Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Chuh-Hyoun Na
- Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
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14
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Reuter G, Lombard A, Suero Molina E, Scholtes F, Bianchi E. Hans Joachim Scherer: an under-recognized pioneer of glioma research in Belgium. Acta Neurol Belg 2021; 121:867-872. [PMID: 33999386 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-021-01708-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hans Joachim Scherer (1906-1946) was a German pathologist who fled Germany to Belgium to work on glioma genesis, growth and progression. Despite being seldom cited, and due to the contributions discussed in this article, Hans Joachim Scherer, can be considered a founding father of contemporary neuropathology and glioma research. We discuss Scherer's achievements in glioma classification, glomerular structures of glioma, primary and secondary glioblastoma, glioma growth patterns, non-resectability of glioma, pseudopalisadic necrosis and the late occurrence of symptoms in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Reuter
- Neurosurgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
- GIGA In-vivo Imaging Center, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Arnaud Lombard
- Neurosurgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Eric Suero Molina
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Münster, Munster, Germany
| | - Felix Scholtes
- Neurosurgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
- Neuroanatomy, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Elettra Bianchi
- Neuropathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège, Belgium
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15
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Ülgen E, Aras FK, Coşgun E, Erşen-Danyeli A, Dinçer A, Usseli Mİ, Özduman K, Pamir MN. Correlation of anatomical involvement patterns of insular gliomas with subnetworks of the limbic system. J Neurosurg 2021; 136:323-334. [PMID: 34298512 DOI: 10.3171/2020.12.jns203652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gliomas frequently involve the insula both primarily and secondarily by invasion. Despite the high connectivity of the human insula, gliomas do not spread randomly to or from the insula but follow stereotypical anatomical involvement patterns. In the majority of cases, these patterns correspond to the intrinsic connectivity of the limbic system, except for tumors with aggressive biology. On the basis of these observations, the authors hypothesized that these different involvement patterns may be correlated with distinct outcomes and analyzed these correlations in an institutional cohort. METHODS Fifty-nine patients who had undergone surgery for insular diffuse gliomas and had complete demographic, pre- and postoperative imaging, pathology, molecular genetics, and clinical follow-up data were included in the analysis (median age 37 years, range 21-71 years, M/F ratio 1.68). Patients with gliomatosis and those with only minor involvement of the insula were excluded. The presence of T2-hyperintense tumor infiltration was evaluated in 12 anatomical structures. Hierarchical biclustering was used to identify co-involved structures, and the findings were correlated with established functional anatomy knowledge. Overall survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis (17 parameters). RESULTS The tumors involved the anterior insula (98.3%), posterior insula (67.8%), temporal operculum (47.5%), amygdala (42.4%), frontal operculum (40.7%), temporal pole (39%), parolfactory area (35.6%), hypothalamus (23.7%), hippocampus (16.9%), thalamus (6.8%), striatum (5.1%), and cingulate gyrus (3.4%). A mean 4.2 ± 2.6 structures were involved. On the basis of hierarchical biclustering, 7 involvement patterns were identified and correlated with cortical functional anatomy (pure insular [11.9%], olfactocentric [15.3%], olfactoopercular [33.9%], operculoinsular [15.3%], striatoinsular [3.4%], translimbic [11.9%], and multifocal [8.5%] patterns). Cox regression identified hippocampal involvement (p = 0.006) and postoperative tumor volume (p = 0.027) as significant negative independent prognosticators of overall survival and extent of resection (p = 0.015) as a significant positive independent prognosticator. CONCLUSIONS The study findings indicate that insular gliomas primarily involve the olfactocentric limbic girdle and that involvement in the hippocampocentric limbic girdle is associated with a worse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ege Ülgen
- Departments of1Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics
| | | | - Erdal Coşgun
- 3Microsoft Research, Genomics Team, Redmond, Washington
| | | | - Alp Dinçer
- 5Radiology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; and
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16
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Mitchell K, Troike K, Silver DJ, Lathia JD. The evolution of the cancer stem cell state in glioblastoma: emerging insights into the next generation of functional interactions. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:199-213. [PMID: 33173943 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity is a hallmark of advanced cancers and has been ascribed in part to a population of self-renewing, therapeutically resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs). Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary malignant brain tumor, has served as a platform for the study of CSCs. In addition to illustrating the complexities of CSC biology, these investigations have led to a deeper understanding of GBM pathogenesis, revealed novel therapeutic targets, and driven innovation towards the development of next-generation therapies. While there continues to be an expansion in our knowledge of how CSCs contribute to GBM progression, opportunities have emerged to revisit this conceptual framework. In this review, we will summarize the current state of CSCs in GBM using key concepts of evolution as a paradigm (variation, inheritance, selection, and time) to describe how the CSC state is subject to alterations of cell intrinsic and extrinsic interactions that shape their evolutionarily trajectory. We identify emerging areas for future consideration, including appreciating CSCs as a cell state that is subject to plasticity, as opposed to a discrete population. These future considerations will not only have an impact on our understanding of this ever-expanding field but will also provide an opportunity to inform future therapies to effectively treat this complex and devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Mitchell
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Katie Troike
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Daniel J Silver
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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17
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A New Era of Neuro-Oncology Research Pioneered by Multi-Omics Analysis and Machine Learning. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040565. [PMID: 33921457 PMCID: PMC8070530 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the incidence of central nervous system (CNS) cancers is not high, it significantly reduces a patient’s quality of life and results in high mortality rates. A low incidence also means a low number of cases, which in turn means a low amount of information. To compensate, researchers have tried to increase the amount of information available from a single test using high-throughput technologies. This approach, referred to as single-omics analysis, has only been partially successful as one type of data may not be able to appropriately describe all the characteristics of a tumor. It is presently unclear what type of data can describe a particular clinical situation. One way to solve this problem is to use multi-omics data. When using many types of data, a selected data type or a combination of them may effectively resolve a clinical question. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive survey of papers in the field of neuro-oncology that used multi-omics data for analysis and found that most of the papers utilized machine learning techniques. This fact shows that it is useful to utilize machine learning techniques in multi-omics analysis. In this review, we discuss the current status of multi-omics analysis in the field of neuro-oncology and the importance of using machine learning techniques.
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18
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Silver DJ, Lathia JD. Go, cancer stem cell, go! CSCs overcome myelin inhibition to move within white matter pathways. Brain 2021; 144:357-360. [PMID: 33693693 PMCID: PMC8453266 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This scientific commentary refers to ‘Modulation of Nogo receptor 1 expression orchestrates myelin-associated infiltration of glioblastoma’, by Hong et al. (doi:10.1093/brain/awaa408).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Silver
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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19
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Martins TA, Schmassmann P, Shekarian T, Boulay JL, Ritz MF, Zanganeh S, Vom Berg J, Hutter G. Microglia-Centered Combinatorial Strategies Against Glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2020; 11:571951. [PMID: 33117364 PMCID: PMC7552736 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.571951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated microglia (MG) and macrophages (MΦ) are important components of the glioblastoma (GBM) immune tumor microenvironment (iTME). From the recent advances in understanding how MG and GBM cells evolve and interact during tumorigenesis, we emphasize the cooperation of MG with other immune cell types of the GBM-iTME, mainly MΦ and T cells. We provide a comprehensive overview of current immunotherapeutic clinical trials and approaches for the treatment of GBM, which in general, underestimate the counteracting contribution of immunosuppressive MG as a main factor for treatment failure. Furthermore, we summarize new developments and strategies in MG reprogramming/re-education in the GBM context, with a focus on ways to boost MG-mediated tumor cell phagocytosis and associated experimental models and methods. This ultimately converges in our proposal of novel combinatorial regimens that locally modulate MG as a central paradigm, and therefore may lead to additional, long-lasting, and effective tumoricidal responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás A Martins
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Tala Shekarian
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Louis Boulay
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Françoise Ritz
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Steven Zanganeh
- Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Johannes Vom Berg
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Hutter
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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20
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Sengul E, Elitas M. Single-Cell Mechanophenotyping in Microfluidics to Evaluate Behavior of U87 Glioma Cells. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11090845. [PMID: 32932941 PMCID: PMC7569913 DOI: 10.3390/mi11090845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Integration of microfabricated, single-cell resolution and traditional, population-level biological assays will be the future of modern techniques in biology that will enroll in the evolution of biology into a precision scientific discipline. In this study, we developed a microfabricated cell culture platform to investigate the indirect influence of macrophages on glioma cell behavior. We quantified proliferation, morphology, motility, migration, and deformation properties of glioma cells at single-cell level and compared these results with population-level data. Our results showed that glioma cells obtained slightly slower proliferation, higher motility, and extremely significant deformation capability when cultured with 50% regular growth medium and 50% macrophage-depleted medium. When the expression levels of E-cadherin and Vimentin proteins were measured, it was verified that observed mechanophenotypic alterations in glioma cells were not due to epithelium to mesenchymal transition. Our results were consistent with previously reported enormous heterogeneity of U87 glioma cell line. Herein, for the first time, we quantified the change of deformation indexes of U87 glioma cells using microfluidic devices for single-cells analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Sengul
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Meltem Elitas
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey;
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-538-810-2930
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21
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Yuan T, Ying J, Zuo Z, Jin L, Gui S, Gao Z, Li G, Wang R, Zhang Y, Li C. Contrahemispheric Cortex Predicts Survival and Molecular Markers in Patients With Unilateral High-Grade Gliomas. Front Oncol 2020; 10:953. [PMID: 32793462 PMCID: PMC7390929 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Malignant high-grade gliomas are characterized by infiltration and destruction of surrounding brain tissue. Alterations in the contrahemispheric brain structure and their roles that may offer prognostically valuable information have not been investigated in high-grade gliomas. Methods: In total, 153 patients with unilateral glioma (low-grade, n = 77; high-grade, n = 76) and 115 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited and scanned with 3-D T1 imaging. The gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume in the contrahemisphere were examined. Partial correlation, logistic regression, and multivariate Cox's regression analyses were performed. Results: The contrahemispheric GM volume (CHGMV) in the high-grade glioma patients was significantly decreased compared to that in the HCs/low-grade gliomas (one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni corrected, p < 0.05). The CHGMV is significantly correlated with the WHO grade (r = -0.22, p < 0.05) and contrast-enhanced volume (r = -0.33, p < 0.01). In the high-grade gliomas, the binary logistic regression revealed that the CHGMV can independently predict isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and P53 mutations. The survival curves revealed that the patients with a low CHGMV had a shorter overall survival (OS) than the patients with a high CHGMV (p = 0.001). The multivariate Cox's regression analysis showed that a low CHGMV can independently predict unfavorable OS with a hazard ratio of 2.883 (p = 0.035). Conclusions: Volume of the contrahemispheric cortex can be potentially used in clinical practice as an imaging biomarker to predict survival and molecular markers in patients with unilateral high-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoyang Yuan
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyou Ying
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhentao Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Songbai Gui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixian Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guilin Li
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Brain Tumor Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chuzhong Li
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Brain Tumor Center, Beijing, China
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22
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Reddy SV, Kaiser AE, Liuzzi FJ. Characterization and Histological Examination of a Rare Giant Cell Glioblastoma. Cureus 2020; 12:e9237. [PMID: 32821583 PMCID: PMC7430663 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.9237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant glial cell tumor of the brain. GBM typically occurs in the cerebral hemispheres and is characterized as a grade IV neoplasm due to its highly invasive nature. GBM can be subdivided into two subtypes, gliosarcoma and giant cell (GC) glioblastoma. While there are similarities between the subtypes, the biggest differences are the rate of occurrence with GC accounting for only 1% of cases, and the tendency of GC to occur more commonly in younger aged patients. In this case study, a GC neoplasm is documented in a 68-year-old male cadaver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriya V Reddy
- Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA
| | - Anna E Kaiser
- Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA
| | - Francis J Liuzzi
- Anatomy, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA
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23
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Lee CAA, Banerjee P, Wilson BJ, Wu S, Guo Q, Berg G, Karpova S, Mishra A, Lian JW, Tran J, Emmerich M, Murphy GF, Frank MH, Frank NY. Targeting the ABC transporter ABCB5 sensitizes glioblastoma to temozolomide-induced apoptosis through a cell-cycle checkpoint regulation mechanism. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:7774-7788. [PMID: 32317280 PMCID: PMC7261782 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor with a poor prognosis resulting from tumor resistance to anticancer therapy and a high recurrence rate. Compelling evidence suggests that this is driven by subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs) with tumor-initiating potential. ABC subfamily B member 5 (ABCB5) has been identified as a molecular marker for distinct subsets of chemoresistant tumor-initiating cell populations in diverse human malignancies. In the current study, we examined the potential role of ABCB5 in growth and chemoresistance of GBM. We found that ABCB5 is expressed in primary GBM tumors, in which its expression was significantly correlated with the CSC marker protein CD133 and with overall poor survival. Moreover, ABCB5 was also expressed by CD133-positive CSCs in the established human U-87 MG, LN-18, and LN-229 GBM cell lines. Antibody- or shRNA-mediated functional ABCB5 blockade inhibited proliferation and survival of GBM cells and sensitized them to temozolomide (TMZ)-induced apoptosis in vitro Likewise, in in vivo human GBM xenograft experiments with immunodeficient mice, mAb treatment inhibited growth of mutant TP53, WT PTEN LN-229 tumors, and sensitized LN-229 tumors to TMZ therapy. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that ABCB5 blockade inhibits TMZ-induced G2/M arrest and augments TMZ-mediated cell death. Our results identify ABCB5 as a GBM chemoresistance marker and point to the potential utility of targeting ABCB5 to improve current GBM therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A A Lee
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Pallavi Banerjee
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts 02132
| | - Brian J Wilson
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Siyuan Wu
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Qin Guo
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts 02132
| | - Gretchen Berg
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts 02132
| | - Svetlana Karpova
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts 02132
| | - Ananda Mishra
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - John W Lian
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Johnathan Tran
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Max Emmerich
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - George F Murphy
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Markus H Frank
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia 6027, Australia
| | - Natasha Y Frank
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts 02132
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
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24
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Matsumoto Y, Ichikawa T, Kurozumi K, Otani Y, Fujimura A, Fujii K, Tomita Y, Hattori Y, Uneda A, Tsuboi N, Kaneda K, Makino K, Date I. Annexin A2-STAT3-Oncostatin M receptor axis drives phenotypic and mesenchymal changes in glioblastoma. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:42. [PMID: 32248843 PMCID: PMC7132881 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00916-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by extensive tumor cell invasion, angiogenesis, and proliferation. We previously established subclones of GBM cells with distinct invasive phenotypes and identified annexin A2 (ANXA2) as an activator of angiogenesis and perivascular invasion. Here, we further explored the role of ANXA2 in regulating phenotypic transition in GBM. We identified oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) as a key ANXA2 target gene in GBM utilizing microarray analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis of the Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project and The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets. Overexpression of ANXA2 in GBM cells increased the expression of OSMR and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and enhanced cell invasion, angiogenesis, proliferation, and mesenchymal transition. Silencing of OSMR reversed the ANXA2-induced phenotype, and STAT3 knockdown reduced OSMR protein expression. Exposure of GBM cells to hypoxic conditions activated the ANXA2–STAT3–OSMR signaling axis. Mice bearing ANXA2-overexpressing GBM exhibited shorter survival times compared with control tumor-bearing mice, whereas OSMR knockdown increased the survival time and diminished ANXA2-mediated tumor invasion, angiogenesis, and growth. Further, we uncovered a significant relationship between ANXA2 and OSMR expression in clinical GBM specimens, and demonstrated their correlation with tumor histopathology and patient prognosis. Our results indicate that the ANXA2–STAT3–OSMR axis regulates malignant phenotypic changes and mesenchymal transition in GBM, suggesting that this axis is a promising therapeutic target to treat GBM aggressiveness.
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25
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Yool AJ, Ramesh S. Molecular Targets for Combined Therapeutic Strategies to Limit Glioblastoma Cell Migration and Invasion. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:358. [PMID: 32292341 PMCID: PMC7118801 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly invasive nature of glioblastoma imposes poor prospects for patient survival. Molecular evidence indicates glioblastoma cells undergo an intriguing expansion of phenotypic properties to include neuron-like signaling using excitable membrane ion channels and synaptic proteins, augmenting survival and motility. Neurotransmitter receptors, membrane signaling, excitatory receptors, and Ca2+ responses are important candidates for the design of customized treatments for cancers within the heterogeneous central nervous system. Relatively few published studies of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) have evaluated pharmacological agents targeted to signaling pathways in limiting cancer cell motility. Transcriptomic analyses here identified classes of ion channels, ionotropic receptors, and synaptic proteins that are enriched in human glioblastoma biopsy samples. The pattern of GBM-enriched gene expression points to a major role for glutamate signaling. However, the predominant role of AMPA receptors in fast excitatory signaling throughout the central nervous system raises a challenge on how to target inhibitors selectively to cancer cells while maintaining tolerability. This review critically evaluates a panel of ligand- and voltage-gated ion channels and synaptic proteins upregulated in GBM, and the evidence for their potential roles in the pathological disease progress. Evidence suggests combinations of therapies could be more effective than single agents alone. Natural plant products used in traditional medicines for the treatment of glioblastoma contain flavonoids, terpenoids, polyphenols, epigallocatechin gallate, quinones, and saponins, which might serendipitously include agents that modulate some classes of signaling compounds highlighted in this review. New therapeutic strategies are likely to exploit evidence-based combinations of selected agents, each at a low dose, to create new cancer cell-specific therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J. Yool
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sunita Ramesh
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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26
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Signaling Determinants of Glioma Cell Invasion. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1202:129-149. [PMID: 32034712 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-30651-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cell invasiveness is a critical challenge in the clinical management of glioma patients. In addition, there is accumulating evidence that current therapeutic modalities, including anti-angiogenic therapy and radiotherapy, can enhance glioma invasiveness. Glioma cell invasion is stimulated by both autocrine and paracrine factors that act on a large array of cell surface-bound receptors. Key signaling elements that mediate receptor-initiated signaling in the regulation of glioblastoma invasion are Rho family GTPases, including Rac, RhoA and Cdc42. These GTPases regulate cell morphology and actin dynamics and stimulate cell squeezing through the narrow extracellular spaces that are typical of the brain parenchyma. Transient attachment of cells to the extracellular matrix is also necessary for glioblastoma cell invasion. Interactions with extracellular matrix components are mediated by integrins that initiate diverse intracellular signalling pathways. Key signaling elements stimulated by integrins include PI3K, Akt, mTOR and MAP kinases. In order to detach from the tumor mass, glioma cells secrete proteolytic enzymes that cleave cell surface adhesion molecules, including CD44 and L1. Key proteases produced by glioma cells include uPA, ADAMs and MMPs. Increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms that control glioma cell invasion has led to the identification of molecular targets for therapeutic intervention in this devastating disease.
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27
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Lyutfi E, Georgieva R, Stoyanov G, Dzhenkov D. Tumor growth patterns in central nervous system tumors with astrocytic differentiation. GLIOMA 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/glioma.glioma_8_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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28
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Bryukhovetskiy I, Sharma A, Zhang Z, Sharma HS. Preface. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 151:xix-xxvi. [PMID: 32448617 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7742(20)30078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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29
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Sharma HS, Muresanu DF, Castellani RJ, Nozari A, Lafuente JV, Tian ZR, Sahib S, Bryukhovetskiy I, Bryukhovetskiy A, Buzoianu AD, Patnaik R, Wiklund L, Sharma A. Pathophysiology of blood-brain barrier in brain tumor. Novel therapeutic advances using nanomedicine. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 151:1-66. [PMID: 32448602 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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30
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Stoyanov GS, Petkova L, Dzhenkov DL. A Practical Approach to the Differential Diagnosis of Intracranial Tumors: Gross, Histology, and Immunoprofile-based Algorithm. Cureus 2019; 11:e6384. [PMID: 31938662 PMCID: PMC6957037 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracranial tumors are a diverse group of conditions, both benign and malignant, primary and metastatic and always require detailed medical information, radiological reports and deep knowledge of the histological hallmarks and immunohistochemical profile of different types of tumors and tumor-like processes. Despite it clinically often being possible to differentiate between primary and metastatic tumors, based on the tumor location and age of the patient, histological variants and rare tumor entries should always be considered in the histological differential diagnosis. A thorough diagnostic algorithm based on the location of the tumor and its histological features, together with some common pitfalls in immunohistochemical profiling, based on the 2016 revised World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the central nervous system should be implemented in all cases. Such an algorithm is especially valuable in cases where only small tumor fragments are sent for morphological evaluation, such as in deep parenchyma tumors. In these instances where only small fragments of the tumor are present for histology, some key features, corresponding to the WHO grade, may easily be missed or underreported. Furthermore, the histological verification of the tumor entry is the first, often overlooked, step in defining the presence or absence of WHO grade-specific mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- George S Stoyanov
- General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Medical University of Varna, Varna, BGR
| | - Lilyana Petkova
- General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Medical University of Varna, Varna, BGR
| | - Deyan L Dzhenkov
- General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Medical University of Varna, Varna, BGR
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31
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Portela M, Venkataramani V, Fahey-Lozano N, Seco E, Losada-Perez M, Winkler F, Casas-Tintó S. Glioblastoma cells vampirize WNT from neurons and trigger a JNK/MMP signaling loop that enhances glioblastoma progression and neurodegeneration. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000545. [PMID: 31846454 PMCID: PMC6917273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most lethal brain tumor, and Wingless (Wg)-related integration site (WNT) pathway activation in these tumors is associated with a poor prognosis. Clinically, the disease is characterized by progressive neurological deficits. However, whether these symptoms result from direct or indirect damage to neurons is still unresolved. Using Drosophila and primary xenografts as models of human GB, we describe, here, a mechanism that leads to activation of WNT signaling (Wg in Drosophila) in tumor cells. GB cells display a network of tumor microtubes (TMs) that enwrap neurons, accumulate Wg receptor Frizzled1 (Fz1), and, thereby, deplete Wg from neurons, causing neurodegeneration. We have defined this process as "vampirization." Furthermore, GB cells establish a positive feedback loop to promote their expansion, in which the Wg pathway activates cJun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in GB cells, and, in turn, JNK signaling leads to the post-transcriptional up-regulation and accumulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which facilitate TMs' infiltration throughout the brain, TMs' network expansion, and further Wg depletion from neurons. Consequently, GB cells proliferate because of the activation of the Wg signaling target, β-catenin, and neurons degenerate because of Wg signaling extinction. Our findings reveal a molecular mechanism for TM production, infiltration, and maintenance that can explain both neuron-dependent tumor progression and also the neural decay associated with GB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Varun Venkataramani
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Frank Winkler
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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32
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Stoyanov GS, Petkova L, Dzhenkov DL. Hans Joachim Scherer and His Impact on the Diagnostic, Clinical, and Modern Research Aspects of Glial Tumors. Cureus 2019; 11:e6148. [PMID: 31886082 PMCID: PMC6907716 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The historical descriptions of glial tumors are often poorly understood and interpreted. The gross and histological depictions of glial tumors are often credited to Virchow, and while the first true histological description is truly his, gross descriptions can be traced back to the beginning of the 1800s, with their classification and histogenesis attributed to Percival Bailey and Harvey Cushing. Without any question, the most prominent and under-credited researcher in the field of glioma pathobiology was the German neuropathologist Hans Joachim Scherer. Despite the limited armamentarium available to him, his systematic approach led to conclusions, some of which have now been molecularly explained today while some are still being widely researched. Scherer defined pseudopalisadic necrosis as a pathognomonic feature of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), as well as secondary features due to tumor growth, known collectively as secondary Scherer figures, for example, neuronal and vascular satellitosis, tract and subpial aggregation. All these features are key points in the modern histological diagnosis of glial tumors. Other contributions by Scherer include the definition of glomeruloid vascular proliferation and his conclusion that they are caused by vascular factors released by the tumor, decades before vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors were discovered and their role in glioma evolution was established. Furthermore, he concluded that GBMs can arise de novo (primary) or from a preceding lower-grade glioma (secondary). All his contributions find their place in all modern aspects of glioma research, with some giving a simple explanation of the phenomena observed in glial tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- George S Stoyanov
- General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Medical University of Varna, Varna, BGR
| | - Lilyana Petkova
- General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Medical University of Varna, Varna, BGR
| | - Deyan L Dzhenkov
- General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Medical University of Varna, Varna, BGR
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Chinopoulos C, Seyfried TN. Mitochondrial Substrate-Level Phosphorylation as Energy Source for Glioblastoma: Review and Hypothesis. ASN Neuro 2019; 10:1759091418818261. [PMID: 30909720 PMCID: PMC6311572 DOI: 10.1177/1759091418818261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant of the primary adult brain cancers. Ultrastructural and biochemical evidence shows that GBM cells exhibit mitochondrial abnormalities incompatible with energy production through oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). Under such conditions, the mitochondrial F0-F1 ATP synthase operates in reverse at the expense of ATP hydrolysis to maintain a moderate membrane potential. Moreover, expression of the dimeric M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase in GBM results in diminished ATP output, precluding a significant ATP production from glycolysis. If ATP synthesis through both glycolysis and OxPhos was impeded, then where would GBM cells obtain high-energy phosphates for growth and invasion? Literature is reviewed suggesting that the succinate-CoA ligase reaction in the tricarboxylic acid cycle can substantiate sufficient ATP through mitochondrial substrate-level phosphorylation (mSLP) to maintain GBM growth when OxPhos is impaired. Production of high-energy phosphates would be supported by glutaminolysis—a hallmark of GBM metabolism—through the sequential conversion of glutamine → glutamate → alpha-ketoglutarate → succinyl CoA → succinate. Equally important, provision of ATP through mSLP would maintain the adenine nucleotide translocase in forward mode, thus preventing the reverse-operating F0-F1 ATP synthase from depleting cytosolic ATP reserves. Because glucose and glutamine are the primary fuels driving the rapid growth of GBM and most tumors for that matter, simultaneous restriction of these two substrates or inhibition of mSLP should diminish cancer viability, growth, and invasion.
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34
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Venkataramani V, Tanev DI, Strahle C, Studier-Fischer A, Fankhauser L, Kessler T, Körber C, Kardorff M, Ratliff M, Xie R, Horstmann H, Messer M, Paik SP, Knabbe J, Sahm F, Kurz FT, Acikgöz AA, Herrmannsdörfer F, Agarwal A, Bergles DE, Chalmers A, Miletic H, Turcan S, Mawrin C, Hänggi D, Liu HK, Wick W, Winkler F, Kuner T. Glutamatergic synaptic input to glioma cells drives brain tumour progression. Nature 2019; 573:532-538. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1564-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 370] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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35
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Stoyanov GS, Dzhenkov DL. On the Concepts and History of Glioblastoma Multiforme - Morphology, Genetics and Epigenetics. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2019; 60:48-66. [PMID: 29668458 DOI: 10.1515/folmed-2017-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a grade IV WHO malignant tumor with astrocytic differentiation. As one of the most common clinically diagnosed central nervous system (CNS) oncological entries, there have been a wide variety of historical reports of the description and evolution of ideas regarding these tumors. The first recorded reports of gliomas were given in British scientific reports, by Berns in 1800 and in 1804 by Abernety, with the first comprehensive histomorphological description being given in 1865 by Rudolf Virchow. In 1926 Percival Bailey and Harvey Cushing gave the base for the modern classification of gliomas. Between 1934 and 1941 the most prolific researcher in glioma research was Hans-Joachim Scherer, who postulated some of the clinico-morphological aspects of GBM. With the introduction of molecular and genetic tests the true multifomity of GBM has been established, with different genotypes bearing the same histomorphological and IHC picture, as well as some of the aspects of gliomagenesis. For a GBM to develop, a specific trigger mutation needs to occur in a GBM stem cell - primary GBM, or a slow aggregation of individual mutations, without a distinct trigger mutation - secondary GBM. Knowledge of GBM has been closely related to general medical knowledge of the CNS since these malignancies were first described more than 200 years ago. Several great leaps have been made in that time, in the footsteps of both CNS and advancements in general medical knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- George St Stoyanov
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Prof Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Deyan L Dzhenkov
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Prof Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
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36
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Barthel FP, Johnson KC, Wesseling P, Verhaak RGW. Evolving Insights into the Molecular Neuropathology of Diffuse Gliomas in Adults. Neurol Clin 2019; 36:421-437. [PMID: 30072063 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in molecular analysis and genome sequencing have prompted a paradigm shift in neuropathology. This article discusses the discovery and clinical relevance of molecular biomarkers in diffuse gliomas in adults and how these biomarkers led to revision of the World Health Organization classification of these tumors. We relate progress in clinical classification to an overview of studies using molecular profiling to study gene expression and DNA methylation to categorize diffuse gliomas in adults and issues dealing with intratumoral heterogeneity. These efforts will refine the taxonomy of diffuse gliomas, facilitate selection of appropriate treatment regimens, and ultimately improve patient's lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floris P Barthel
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands; The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Kevin C Johnson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Pieter Wesseling
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Roel G W Verhaak
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
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37
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Jütten K, Mainz V, Gauggel S, Patel HJ, Binkofski F, Wiesmann M, Clusmann H, Na CH. Diffusion Tensor Imaging Reveals Microstructural Heterogeneity of Normal-Appearing White Matter and Related Cognitive Dysfunction in Glioma Patients. Front Oncol 2019; 9:536. [PMID: 31293974 PMCID: PMC6606770 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunohistochemical data based on isocitrate–dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status have redefined glioma as a whole-brain disease, while occult tumor cell invasion along white matter fibers is inapparent in conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The functional and prognostic impact of focal glioma may however relate to the extent of white matter involvement. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate microstructural characteristics of whole-brain normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) in relation to cognitive functions as potential surrogates for occult white matter involvement in glioma. Twenty patients (12 IDH-mutated) and 20 individually matched controls were preoperatively examined using DTI combined with a standardized neuropsychological examination. Tumor lesions including perifocal edema were masked, and fractional anisotropy (FA) as well as mean, radial, and axial diffusivity (MD, RD, and AD, respectively) of the remaining whole-brain NAWM were determined by using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics and histogram analyses. The relationship between extratumoral white matter integrity and cognitive performance was examined using partial correlation analyses controlling for age, education, and lesion volumes. In patients, mean FA and AD were decreased as compared to controls, which agrees with the notion of microstructural impairment of NAWM in glioma patients. Patients performed worse in all cognitive domains tested, and higher anisotropy and lower MD and RD values of NAWM were associated with better cognitive performance. In additional analyses, IDH-mutated and IDH-wildtype patients were compared. Patients with IDH-mutation showed higher FA, but lower MD, AD, and RD values as compared to IDH-wildtype patients, suggesting a better preserved microstructural integrity of NAWM, which may relate to a less infiltrative nature of IDH-mutated gliomas. Diffusion-based phenotyping and monitoring microstructural integrity of extratumoral whole-brain NAWM may aid in estimating occult white matter involvement and should be considered as a complementary biomarker in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Jütten
- Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Verena Mainz
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Siegfried Gauggel
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Harshal Jayeshkumar Patel
- Division of Clinical Cognitive Sciences, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Research Center Jülich GmbH, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Jülich, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Binkofski
- Division of Clinical Cognitive Sciences, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Research Center Jülich GmbH, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Jülich, Germany.,Jülich Aachen Research Alliance, Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Wiesmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hans Clusmann
- Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Chuh-Hyoun Na
- Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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38
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Seyfried TN, Shelton L, Arismendi-Morillo G, Kalamian M, Elsakka A, Maroon J, Mukherjee P. Provocative Question: Should Ketogenic Metabolic Therapy Become the Standard of Care for Glioblastoma? Neurochem Res 2019; 44:2392-2404. [PMID: 31025151 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02795-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
No major advances have been made in improving overall survival for glioblastoma (GBM) in almost 100 years. The current standard of care (SOC) for GBM involves immediate surgical resection followed by radiotherapy with concomitant temozolomide chemotherapy. Corticosteroid (dexamethasone) is often prescribed to GBM patients to reduce tumor edema and inflammation. The SOC disrupts the glutamate-glutamine cycle thus increasing availability of glucose and glutamine in the tumor microenvironment. Glucose and glutamine are the prime fermentable fuels that underlie therapy resistance and drive GBM growth through substrate level phosphorylation in the cytoplasm and the mitochondria, respectively. Emerging evidence indicates that ketogenic metabolic therapy (KMT) can reduce glucose availability while elevating ketone bodies that are neuroprotective and non-fermentable. Information is presented from preclinical and case report studies showing how KMT could target tumor cells without causing neurochemical damage thus improving progression free and overall survival for patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas N Seyfried
- Biology Department, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.
| | - Laura Shelton
- Human Metabolome Technologies America, 24 Denby Rd., Boston, MA, 02134, USA
| | - Gabriel Arismendi-Morillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, 526, Venezuela
| | | | - Ahmed Elsakka
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Joseph Maroon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Suite 5C, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Purna Mukherjee
- Biology Department, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA
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Xiao Y, Kim D, Dura B, Zhang K, Yan R, Li H, Han E, Ip J, Zou P, Liu J, Chen AT, Vortmeyer AO, Zhou J, Fan R. Ex vivo Dynamics of Human Glioblastoma Cells in a Microvasculature-on-a-Chip System Correlates with Tumor Heterogeneity and Subtypes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801531. [PMID: 31016107 PMCID: PMC6468969 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The perivascular niche (PVN) plays an essential role in brain tumor stem-like cell (BTSC) fate control, tumor invasion, and therapeutic resistance. Here, a microvasculature-on-a-chip system as a PVN model is used to evaluate the ex vivo dynamics of BTSCs from ten glioblastoma patients. BTSCs are found to preferentially localize in the perivascular zone, where they exhibit either the lowest motility, as in quiescent cells, or the highest motility, as in the invasive phenotype, with migration over long distance. These results indicate that PVN is a niche for BTSCs, while the microvascular tracks may serve as a path for tumor cell migration. The degree of colocalization between tumor cells and microvessels varies significantly across patients. To validate these results, single-cell transcriptome sequencing (10 patients and 21 750 single cells in total) is performed to identify tumor cell subtypes. The colocalization coefficient is found to positively correlate with proneural (stem-like) or mesenchymal (invasive) but not classical (proliferative) tumor cells. Furthermore, a gene signature profile including PDGFRA correlates strongly with the "homing" of tumor cells to the PVN. These findings demonstrate that the model can recapitulate in vivo tumor cell dynamics and heterogeneity, representing a new route to study patient-specific tumor cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiao
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringYale UniversityNew HavenCT06520USA
| | - Dongjoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringYale UniversityNew HavenCT06520USA
| | - Burak Dura
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringYale UniversityNew HavenCT06520USA
| | - Kerou Zhang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringYale UniversityNew HavenCT06520USA
| | - Runchen Yan
- School of Computer ScienceCarnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPA15213USA
| | - Huamin Li
- Applied Math ProgramYale UniversityNew HavenCT06520USA
| | - Edward Han
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringYale UniversityNew HavenCT06520USA
| | - Joshua Ip
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringYale UniversityNew HavenCT06520USA
| | - Pan Zou
- Department of NeurosurgeryYale School of MedicineNew HavenCT06520USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of NeurosurgeryYale School of MedicineNew HavenCT06520USA
| | - Ann Tai Chen
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringYale UniversityNew HavenCT06520USA
| | - Alexander O. Vortmeyer
- Department of PathologyIndiana University Health Pathology LaboratoryIndianapolisIN46202USA
| | - Jiangbing Zhou
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringYale UniversityNew HavenCT06520USA
- Department of NeurosurgeryYale School of MedicineNew HavenCT06520USA
- Yale Comprehensive Cancer CenterNew HavenCT06520USA
| | - Rong Fan
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringYale UniversityNew HavenCT06520USA
- Yale Comprehensive Cancer CenterNew HavenCT06520USA
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40
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Xiao Y, Kim D, Dura B, Zhang K, Yan R, Li H, Han E, Ip J, Zou P, Liu J, Chen AT, Vortmeyer AO, Zhou J, Fan R. Ex vivo Dynamics of Human Glioblastoma Cells in a Microvasculature-on-a-Chip System Correlates with Tumor Heterogeneity and Subtypes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801531. [PMID: 31016107 DOI: 10.1101/400739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The perivascular niche (PVN) plays an essential role in brain tumor stem-like cell (BTSC) fate control, tumor invasion, and therapeutic resistance. Here, a microvasculature-on-a-chip system as a PVN model is used to evaluate the ex vivo dynamics of BTSCs from ten glioblastoma patients. BTSCs are found to preferentially localize in the perivascular zone, where they exhibit either the lowest motility, as in quiescent cells, or the highest motility, as in the invasive phenotype, with migration over long distance. These results indicate that PVN is a niche for BTSCs, while the microvascular tracks may serve as a path for tumor cell migration. The degree of colocalization between tumor cells and microvessels varies significantly across patients. To validate these results, single-cell transcriptome sequencing (10 patients and 21 750 single cells in total) is performed to identify tumor cell subtypes. The colocalization coefficient is found to positively correlate with proneural (stem-like) or mesenchymal (invasive) but not classical (proliferative) tumor cells. Furthermore, a gene signature profile including PDGFRA correlates strongly with the "homing" of tumor cells to the PVN. These findings demonstrate that the model can recapitulate in vivo tumor cell dynamics and heterogeneity, representing a new route to study patient-specific tumor cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Dongjoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Burak Dura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Kerou Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Runchen Yan
- School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Huamin Li
- Applied Math Program Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Edward Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Joshua Ip
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Pan Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Ann Tai Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Alexander O Vortmeyer
- Department of Pathology Indiana University Health Pathology Laboratory Indianapolis IN 46202 USA
| | - Jiangbing Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA
- Department of Neurosurgery Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT 06520 USA
- Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Rong Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA
- Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center New Haven CT 06520 USA
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41
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Brognaro E. Glioblastoma Unique Features Drive the Ways for Innovative Therapies in the Trunk-branch Era. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2019. [DOI: 10.3897/folmed.61.e34900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is a solid tumor with particular aspects due to its organ of origin and its development modalities. The brain is very sensitive to oxygen and glucose deprivation and it is the only organ that cannot be either transplanted or entirely removed. Furthermore, many clues and recent indirect experimental evidence indicate that the micro-infiltration of the whole brain parenchyma occurs in very early stages of tumor bulk growth or likely even before. As a consequence, the primary glioblastoma (IDH-wildtype, WHO 2016) is the only tumor where the malignant (i.e. distantly infiltrating the organ of origin) and deadly (i.e. leading cause to patient’s death) phases coincide and overlap in one single phase of its natural history. To date, the prognosis of optimally treated glioblastoma patients remains dismal despite recent fundamental progress in neurosurgical techniques which are enabling better maximal safe resection and survival outcome. Intratumor variegated heterogeneity of glioblastoma bulk due to trunk-branch evolution and very early micro-infiltration and settlement of neoplastic cells in the entire brain parenchyma are the reasons for resistance to current therapeutic treatments. With the aim of future innovative and effective therapies, this paper deals with the unique glioblastoma features, the appropriate research methods as well as the strategies to follow to overcome current causes of resistance.
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42
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Hatoum A, Mohammed R, Zakieh O. The unique invasiveness of glioblastoma and possible drug targets on extracellular matrix. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:1843-1855. [PMID: 30881112 PMCID: PMC6395056 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s186142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, or glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is described as one of the most invasive cancer types. Although GBM is a rare disease, with a global incidence of <10 per 100,000 people, its prognosis is extremely poor. Patient survival without treatment is ~6 months, which can be extended to around 15 months with the standard treatment protocol. Given the propensity of GBM cells to show widespread local invasion, beyond the margins seen through the best current imaging techniques, tumor margins cannot be clearly defined. Recurrence is inevitable, as the highly invasive nature of GBM means complete surgical resection of the tumor is near impossible without extensive damage to healthy surrounding brain tissue. Here, we outline GBM cell invasion in the unique environment of the brain extracellular matrix (ECM), as well as a deeper exploration of the specific mechanisms upregulated in GBMs to promote the characteristic highly invasive phenotype. Among these is the secretion of proteolytic enzymes for the destruction of the ECM, as well as discussion of a novel theory of amoeboid invasion, termed the “hydrodynamic mode of invasion”. The vast heterogeneity of GBM means that there are significant redundancies in invasive pathways, which pose challenges to the development of new treatments. In the past few decades, only one major advancement has been made in GBM treatment, namely the discovery of temozolomide. Future research should look to elucidate novel strategies for the specific targeting of the invasive cells of the tumor, to reduce recurrence rates and improve patient overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hatoum
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,
| | - Raihan Mohammed
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,
| | - Omar Zakieh
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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43
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The effects of 2-hydroxyglutarate on the tumorigenesis of gliomas. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2018; 22:215-222. [PMID: 30783384 PMCID: PMC6377424 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2018.82642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutation of the isocitrate-dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes is one of the central research topics regarding gliomagenesis. Indeed, 70% of gliomas are associated with a gain-of-function IDH mutation and consequently synthesize the oncometabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). This review aims to elucidate the effects of 2-HG on gliomagenesis. 2-HG promotes tumorigenesis by impacting metabolism, vascularization and altering the epigenome of glioma cells. Glioma metabolism and vascularization is altered by 2-HG's effect on the stability of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and inhibition of endostatin. However, 2-HG's impacts on epigenetic mechanisms are more profound to gliomagenesis. Through competitive inhibition of JHDMs and TET proteins, 2-HG orchestrates histone and DNA hypermethylation, which is associated with gene silencing and dedifferentiation of cells. The hypermethylator phenotype induced by 2-HG also results in alterations of the interaction of the immune system with the tumour. Additionally, this study reviews 2-HG promotion of tumorigenesis by inhibiting repair of DNA alkylation damage through competitive inhibition of AlkB proteins.
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Schaefer T, Ramadoss A, Leu S, Tintignac L, Tostado C, Bink A, Schürch C, Müller J, Schärer J, Moffa G, Demougin P, Moes S, Stippich C, Falbo S, Neddersen H, Bucher H, Frank S, Jenö P, Lengerke C, Ritz MF, Mariani L, Boulay JL. Regulation of glioma cell invasion by 3q26 gene products PIK3CA, SOX2 and OPA1. Brain Pathol 2018; 29:336-350. [PMID: 30403311 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse gliomas progress by invading neighboring brain tissue to promote postoperative relapse. Transcription factor SOX2 is highly expressed in invasive gliomas and maps to chromosome region 3q26 together with the genes for PI3K/AKT signaling activator PIK3CA and effector molecules of mitochondria fusion and cell invasion, MFN1 and OPA1. Gene copy number analysis at 3q26 from 129 glioma patient biopsies revealed mutually exclusive SOX2 amplifications (26%) and OPA1 losses (19%). Both forced SOX2 expression and OPA1 inactivation increased LN319 glioma cell invasion in vitro and promoted cell dispersion in vivo in xenotransplanted D. rerio embryos. While PI3 kinase activity sustained SOX2 expression, pharmacological PI3K/AKT pathway inhibition decreased invasion and resulted in SOX2 nucleus-to-cytoplasm translocation in an mTORC1-independent manner. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter gene assays together demonstrated that SOX2 trans-activates PIK3CA and OPA1. Thus, SOX2 activates PI3K/AKT signaling in a positive feedback loop, while OPA1 deletion is interpreted to counteract OPA1 trans-activation. Remarkably, neuroimaging of human gliomas with high SOX2 or low OPA1 genomic imbalances revealed significantly larger necrotic tumor zone volumes, corresponding to higher invasive capacities of tumors, while autologous necrotic cells are capable of inducing higher invasion in SOX2 overexpressing or OPA1 knocked-down relative to parental LN319. We thus propose necrosis volume as a surrogate marker for the assessment of glioma invasive potential. Whereas glioma invasion is activated by a PI3K/AKT-SOX2 loop, it is reduced by a cryptic invasion suppressor SOX2-OPA1 pathway. Thus, PI3K/AKT-SOX2 and mitochondria fission represent connected signaling networks regulating glioma invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Schaefer
- Stem Cells and Hematopoiesis Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Archana Ramadoss
- Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Severina Leu
- Neurosurgery Clinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lionel Tintignac
- Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cristobal Tostado
- Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Bink
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Clinic for Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Schürch
- Stem Cells and Hematopoiesis Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle Müller
- Stem Cells and Hematopoiesis Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Schärer
- Stem Cells and Hematopoiesis Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giusi Moffa
- Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Demougin
- Life Sciences Training Facility, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Suzette Moes
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Stippich
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Clinic for Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simona Falbo
- Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heike Neddersen
- Neurosurgery Clinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heiner Bucher
- Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Frank
- Division of Neuropathology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul Jenö
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Lengerke
- Stem Cells and Hematopoiesis Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Françoise Ritz
- Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Mariani
- Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Neurosurgery Clinic, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Louis Boulay
- Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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45
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Pišlar A, Jewett A, Kos J. Cysteine cathepsins: Their biological and molecular significance in cancer stem cells. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 53:168-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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46
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Smilowitz HM, Meyers A, Rahman K, Dyment NA, Sasso D, Xue C, Oliver DL, Lichtler A, Deng X, Ridwan SM, Tarmu LJ, Wu Q, Salner AL, Bulsara KR, Slatkin DN, Hainfeld JF. Intravenously-injected gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) access intracerebral F98 rat gliomas better than AuNPs infused directly into the tumor site by convection enhanced delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:3937-3948. [PMID: 30013346 PMCID: PMC6038872 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s154555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravenously (IV)-injected gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) powerfully enhance the efficacy of X-ray therapy of tumors including advanced gliomas. However, pharmacokinetic issues, such as slow tissue clearance and skin discoloration, may impede clinical translation. The direct infusion of AuNPs into the tumor might be an alternative mode of delivery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using the advanced, invasive, and difficult-to-treat F98 rat glioma model, we have studied the biodistribution of the AuNPs in the tumor and surrounding brain after either IV injection or direct intratumoral infusion by convection-enhanced delivery using light microscopy immunofluorescence and direct gold visualization. RESULTS IV-injected AuNPs localize more specifically to intracerebral tumor cells, both in the main tumor mass and in the migrated tumor cells as well as the tumor edema, than do the directly infused AuNPs. Although some of the directly infused AuNPs do access the main tumor region, such access is largely restricted. CONCLUSION These data suggest that IV-injected AuNPs are likely to have a greater therapeutic benefit when combined with radiation therapy than after the direct infusion of AuNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry M Smilowitz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT,
| | - Alexandria Meyers
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT,
| | - Khalil Rahman
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT,
| | - Nathaniel A Dyment
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Dan Sasso
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT,
| | - Crystal Xue
- George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Douglas L Oliver
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT
| | - Alexander Lichtler
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT
| | - Xiaomeng Deng
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Student Affairs Office, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Sharif M Ridwan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT,
| | - Lauren J Tarmu
- Department of Human Behavior, College of Southern Nevada
- Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington
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47
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Kishimoto TE, Uchida K, Thongtharb A, Shibato T, Chambers JK, Nibe K, Kagawa Y, Nakayama H. Expression of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Markers in Canine Oligodendrogliomas. Vet Pathol 2018; 55:634-644. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985818777794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendroglioma is a common brain tumor in dogs, particularly brachycephalic breeds. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are suspected to be a possible origin of oligodendroglioma, although it has not been well elucidated. In the present study, 27 cases of canine brain oligodendrogliomas were histologically and immunohistochemically examined. The most commonly affected breed was the French Bulldog ( n = 19 of 27, 70%). Seizure was the most predominant clinical sign ( n = 17 of 25, 68%). The tumors were located mainly in the cerebrum, particularly in the frontal lobe ( n = 10 of 27, 37%). All cases were diagnosed as anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO) and had common histologic features characterized by the proliferation of round to polygonal cells with pronounced atypia and conspicuous mitotic activity (average, 10.7 mitoses per 10 high-power fields). Honeycomb pattern ( n = 5 of 27, 19%), myxoid matrix ( n = 10, 37%), cyst formation ( n = 6, 22%), necrosis ( n = 19, 70%), pseudopalisading ( n = 5, 18.5%), glomeruloid vessels ( n = 16, 59%), and microcalcification ( n = 5, 19%) were other histopathologic features of the present tumors. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for Olig2 in all cases and for other markers of OPCs in most cases, including SOX10 ( n = 24 of 27, 89%), platelet-derived growth factor receptor α ( n = 24, 89%), and NG2 ( n = 23, 85%). The present AO also consisted of heterogeneous cell populations that were positive for nestin ( n = 13 of 27, 48%), glial fibrillary acidic protein ( n = 5, 19%), doublecortin ( n = 22, 82%), and βIII-tubulin ( n = 15, 56%). Moreover, cultured AO cells obtained from 1 case retained expression of OPC markers and exhibited multipotent characteristics in a serum culture condition. Overall, the findings suggest that transformed multipotent OPCs may be a potential origin of canine AO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya E. Kishimoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atigan Thongtharb
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - James K. Chambers
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumi Nibe
- Japan Animal Referral Medical Center Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Nakayama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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48
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Schiffer D, Cavicchioli D, Giordana MT, Palmucci L, Piazza A. Analysis of Some Factors Effecting Survival in Malignant Gliomas. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 65:119-25. [PMID: 220763 DOI: 10.1177/030089167906500114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Many factors, including the histological aspect, are known to effect the survival of patients with malignant gliomas. The relation between survival and diagnoses such as primary and secondary glioblastoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, etc., is not definitely clear. In 324 malignant gliomas the relationship between survival and age, sex, tumor pathology, occurrence of lymphoplasmacytic infiltrations, and size of the examined specimen was studied. Preoperative intervals of primary and secondary glioblastomas do not differ; anaplastic astrocytomas show definitely longer preoperative intervals and slightly but not significantly longer postoperative patient survival. The correlations are discussed, focusing on importance of knowing the survival times of untreated cases in order to evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs in malignant gliomas.
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49
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Silver DJ, Lathia JD. Revealing the glioma cancer stem cell interactome, one niche at a time. J Pathol 2018; 244:260-264. [PMID: 29282720 PMCID: PMC5820759 DOI: 10.1002/path.5024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) cancer stem cells (CSCs) are insidious. They extensively infiltrate brain tissue, resist radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and are thought to represent the ultimate drivers of disease progression. New research has identified CD109, a GPI-anchored protein, on a population of perivascular CSCs. Investigation of primary human tumour tissue suggests a role for CD109-expressing CSCs in the progression from low-grade to high-grade glioma, and animal modelling reveals a critical role for CD109 in the maintenance of the GBM CSC phenotype. Furthermore, CD109-expressing CSCs appear to drive the proliferation of adjacent non-stem tumour cells (NSTCs) in a rare example of CSC-NSTC cooperative interaction. With this Commentary, we highlight the newly revealed biology of CD109, and offer a synthesis of the published information on glioma CSCs in a variety of anatomical growth zones. We also discuss the landscape of interacting cells within GBM tumours, emphasizing the few reported examples of pro-tumourigenic, interactive tumour cell partnerships, as well as a variety of tumour cell-non-transformed neural cell interactions. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Silver
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
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50
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Lindberg OR, McKinney A, Engler JR, Koshkakaryan G, Gong H, Robinson AE, Ewald AJ, Huillard E, David James C, Molinaro AM, Shieh JT, Phillips JJ. GBM heterogeneity as a function of variable epidermal growth factor receptor variant III activity. Oncotarget 2018; 7:79101-79116. [PMID: 27738329 PMCID: PMC5346701 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) due to a deletion of exons 2-7 of EGFR (EGFRvIII) is a common alteration in glioblastoma (GBM). While this alteration can drive gliomagenesis, tumors harboring EGFRvIII are heterogeneous. To investigate the role for EGFRvIII activation in tumor phenotype we used a neural progenitor cell-based murine model of GBM driven by EGFR signaling and generated tumor progenitor cells with high and low EGFRvIII activation, pEGFRHi and pEGFRLo. In vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro studies suggested a direct association between EGFRvIII activity and increased tumor cell proliferation, decreased tumor cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix, and altered progenitor cell phenotype. Time-lapse confocal imaging of tumor cells in brain slice cultures demonstrated blood vessel co-option by tumor cells and highlighted differences in invasive pattern. Inhibition of EGFR signaling in pEGFRHi promoted cell differentiation and increased cell-matrix adhesion. Conversely, increased EGFRvIII activation in pEGFRLo reduced cell-matrix adhesion. Our study using a murine model for GBM driven by a single genetic driver, suggests differences in EGFR activation contribute to tumor heterogeneity and aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olle R Lindberg
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew McKinney
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jane R Engler
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gayane Koshkakaryan
- Touro University California, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Vallejo, CA, USA
| | - Henry Gong
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aaron E Robinson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew J Ewald
- Departments of Cell Biology, Oncology, and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Huillard
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) UMR-S975, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epiniere, Paris, France
| | - C David James
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Annette M Molinaro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joseph T Shieh
- Institute for Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joanna J Phillips
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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