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Comparison of the Clinical Characteristics of Histiocytic Sarcoma in Bernese Mountain Dogs and Flat-Coated Retrievers. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9090498. [PMID: 36136714 PMCID: PMC9504151 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9090498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a malignant hematopoietic tumor. It can affect any organ in the body and, therefore, can have a broad spectrum of clinical presentations. So far, no complete overview exists of the array of clinical aspects of HS in specific dog breeds in large groups. Therefore, we investigated the clinical characteristics of HS in a population of Bernese Mountain Dogs (BMD; n = 365) and Flat-Coated Retrievers (FCR; n = 289), which are two of the most affected dog breeds. The dogs were selected from veterinary pathology services, and each dog’s clinical and diagnostic characteristics were retrospectively collected. Localized HS was reported significantly more frequently in the FCR (60.6%) than in the BMD (39.2%), and disseminated HS was recorded significantly more frequently in the BMD (60.8%) than in the FCR (39.4%). Lameness as a clinical symptom was observed more frequently in the FCR, predominant in the front legs. With blood examination, the BMD had significantly more often leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia, while no difference in the occurrence of anemia was observed. Strikingly hypercalcemia was only observed in 15 BMD and in none of the FCR in which blood examination was performed. The new information provided in this study can aid the diagnostic process and allow for prompt treatment recommendations. Abstract Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is an aggressive malignant tumor of histiocytes, which can affect almost any organ in the body and is characterized by a broad array of tumor locations and clinical presentations. So far, no complete overview exists of the array of clinical aspects of HS in specific dog breeds in large groups. Therefore, we investigated the clinical characteristics of HS in a population of Bernese Mountain Dogs (BMD; n = 365) and Flat-Coated Retrievers (FCR; n = 289), which are two of the most affected dog breeds. Cases were selected from databases from different pathology services, and clinical information was retrospectively collected for each case. Localized HS was reported significantly more frequently in the FCR (60.6%) than in the BMD (39.2%), and disseminated HS was recorded significantly more frequently in the BMD (60.8%) than in the FCR (39.4%). Lameness was seen more often in FCR than in BMD, and the vast majority (78.1%) of LHS leading to lameness was located in the front legs in the FCR, while in the BMD, there was a more even distribution. BMD had significantly more often leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia, even corrected for the type of HS, than FCR. No significant difference in the frequency of anemia was recorded between BMD and FCR. In those dogs in which blood examination was performed, hypercalcemia was diagnosed in 15 BMD, while none of the FCR had hypercalcemia. The new information provided in this study can aid the diagnostic process and allow for prompt treatment recommendations.
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Pitt K, Tremolada G. Primary histiocytic sarcoma in a dog. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryne Pitt
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - Giovanni Tremolada
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
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Elliott J. Lomustine chemotherapy for the treatment of presumptive haemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma in Flat-coated Retrievers. Aust Vet J 2018; 96:502-507. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Elliott
- Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service; Solihull UK
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Erich SA, Constantino-Casas F, Dobson JM, Teske E. Morphological Distinction of Histiocytic Sarcoma from Other Tumor Types in Bernese Mountain Dogs and Flatcoated Retrievers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 32:7-17. [PMID: 29275293 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) represents a group of malignant canine tumors to which Bernese Mountain Dogs (BMD) and Flatcoated Retrievers (FCR) are predisposed. The differential diagnosis for HS is broad, encompassing round cell tumors, sarcomas and other histiocytic diseases. The aim of this study was to establish morphological and immunohistochemical criteria for routine use on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples and cytological smears for the recognition and differentiation of canine HS and its subtypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospectively, tumor sections were reviewed from 449 BMD and 380 FCR with confirmed or suspected HS, other histiocytic conditions, or a disease of the differential diagnosis of HS. RESULTS In a large proportion of cases, 47.5% for histology and for 46.3% cytology, the initial diagnosis was changed after the revision process. A large variation in morphological features of HS was observed in this study, making the existence of several subtypes in dogs also very likely. Furthermore, the different percentage of morphological features between BMD and FCR indicates the different mixture of cell type origins resulting possibly from genetic or environmental differences at the onset of HS in those breeds. CONCLUSION This study stresses the value of a strictly applied and standardized scoring system for microscopic evaluation of tumor sections and smears, and the implementation of review and revision of pathological diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne A Erich
- Department of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jane M Dobson
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Erik Teske
- Department of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Marcinowska A, Constantino‐Casas F, Dobson JM. Histiocytic sarcoma in a flat‐coated retriever with central and peripheral nervous system sarcomatosis. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2013-000029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Marcinowska
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | | | - J. M. Dobson
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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Yamazaki H, Takagi S, Oh N, Hoshino Y, Hosoya K, Okumura M. Comparative analysis of mRNA expression of surface antigens between histiocytic and nonhistiocytic sarcoma in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2013; 28:204-10. [PMID: 24428323 PMCID: PMC4895529 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Definitive diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma (HS) in dogs is relatively difficult by conventional histopathological examination because objective features of HS are not well defined. Hypothesis Quantitative analysis of mRNA expression of selected cellular surface antigens (SAs) specific to HS in dogs can facilitate objective and rapid diagnosis. Animals Dogs with HS (n = 30) and dogs without HS (n = 36), including those with other forms of lymphoma (n = 4), inflammatory diseases (n = 6), and other malignant neoplasias (n = 26). Methods Retrospective clinical observational study. Specimens were collected by excisional biopsy, needle core biopsy, or fine needle aspiration. To determine HS detection efficacy, mRNA expression levels of selected SAs specific to HS in dogs, including MHC class IIα, CD11b, CD11c, and CD86, were quantitatively analyzed using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results Each SA mRNA expression level was significantly higher in HS dogs than in non‐HS dogs (P = .0082). Cutoff values for discriminating between HS and non‐HS dogs based on these expression levels were calculated on the basis of receiver‐operating characteristic analysis. Accuracy of the cutoff values, including MHC class IIα, CD11b, CD11c, and CD86, was 87.9, 86.4, 86.4, and 84.8%, respectively. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Our results suggest that quantitative analysis of mRNA expression of the selected SAs could be an adjunctive diagnostic technique with high diagnostic accuracy for HS in dogs. Substantial investigation is required for exclusion of diseases with similar cell types of origin to lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sappro, Hokkaido, Japan
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Breed-predispositions to cancer in pedigree dogs. ISRN VETERINARY SCIENCE 2013; 2013:941275. [PMID: 23738139 PMCID: PMC3658424 DOI: 10.1155/2013/941275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a common problem in dogs and although all breeds of dog and crossbred dogs may be affected, it is notable that some breeds of pedigree dogs appear to be at increased risk of certain types of cancer suggesting underlying genetic predisposition to cancer susceptibility. Although the aetiology of most cancers is likely to be multifactorial, the limited genetic diversity seen in purebred dogs facilitates genetic linkage or association studies on relatively small populations as compared to humans, and by using newly developed resources, genome-wide association studies in dog breeds are proving to be a powerful tool for unravelling complex disorders. This paper will review the literature on canine breed susceptibility to histiocytic sarcoma, osteosarcoma, haemangiosarcoma, mast cell tumours, lymphoma, melanoma, and mammary tumours including the recent advances in knowledge through molecular genetic, cytogenetic, and genome wide association studies.
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Empl MT, Macke S, Winterhalter P, Puff C, Lapp S, Stoica G, Baumgärtner W, Steinberg P. The growth of the canine glioblastoma cell line D-GBM and the canine histiocytic sarcoma cell line DH82 is inhibited by the resveratrol oligomers hopeaphenol and r2-viniferin. Vet Comp Oncol 2012; 12:149-59. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2012.00349.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. T. Empl
- Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - S. Macke
- Institute of Food Chemistry; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Braunschweig Germany
| | - P. Winterhalter
- Institute of Food Chemistry; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Braunschweig Germany
| | - C. Puff
- Department of Pathology; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - S. Lapp
- Department of Pathology; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - G. Stoica
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology; Texas A&M University; College Station TX USA
| | - W. Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - P. Steinberg
- Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Hannover Germany
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Childress MO. Hematologic Abnormalities in the Small Animal Cancer Patient. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2012; 42:123-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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TSAI STEVEN, SUTHERLAND-SMITH JAMES, BURGESS KRISTINE, RUTHAZER ROBIN, SATO AMY. IMAGING CHARACTERISTICS OF INTRATHORACIC HISTIOCYTIC SARCOMA IN DOGS. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2011; 53:21-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2011.01863.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- STEVEN TSAI
- Department of Clinical Sciences; Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University; North Grafton; MA 01536
| | - JAMES SUTHERLAND-SMITH
- Department of Clinical Sciences; Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University; North Grafton; MA 01536
| | - KRISTINE BURGESS
- Department of Clinical Sciences; Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University; North Grafton; MA 01536
| | - ROBIN RUTHAZER
- Tufts Medical Center; Biostatistics Research Center; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies; Boston; MA 02111
| | - AMY SATO
- Department of Clinical Sciences; Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University; North Grafton; MA 01536
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Soare T, Noble PJ, Hetzel U, Fonfara S, Kipar A. Paraneoplastic syndrome in haemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma in a dog. J Comp Pathol 2011; 146:168-74. [PMID: 21741052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A case of metastatic splenic haemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma (HHS) in a 6-year-old neutered male flat-coated retriever is described. The main clinical findings were hypoalbuminaemia and regenerative anaemia. The diagnosis was based on histological features and expression of CD11d by the neoplastic cells. Tumour cells were shown to produce interleukin (IL)-6, to phagocytose erythrocytes and to take up albumin, as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural examination. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction identified increased IL-6 gene expression in affected organs. These findings suggest that neoplastic cells are responsible for the clinical features of HHS, by removing erythrocytes and albumin from the blood and releasing cytokines, such as IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Soare
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZJ, UK
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Hedan B, Thomas R, Motsinger-Reif A, Abadie J, Andre C, Cullen J, Breen M. Molecular cytogenetic characterization of canine histiocytic sarcoma: A spontaneous model for human histiocytic cancer identifies deletion of tumor suppressor genes and highlights influence of genetic background on tumor behavior. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:201. [PMID: 21615919 PMCID: PMC3121728 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Histiocytic malignancies in both humans and dogs are rare and poorly understood. While canine histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is uncommon in the general domestic dog population, there is a strikingly high incidence in a subset of breeds, suggesting heritable predisposition. Molecular cytogenetic profiling of canine HS in these breeds would serve to reveal recurrent DNA copy number aberrations (CNAs) that are breed and/or tumor associated, as well as defining those shared with human HS. This process would identify evolutionarily conserved cytogenetic changes to highlight regions of particular importance to HS biology. Methods Using genome wide array comparative genomic hybridization we assessed CNAs in 104 spontaneously occurring HS from two breeds of dog exhibiting a particularly elevated incidence of this tumor, the Bernese Mountain Dog and Flat-Coated Retriever. Recurrent CNAs were evaluated further by multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization and loss of heterozygosity analyses. Statistical analyses were performed to identify CNAs associated with tumor location and breed. Results Almost all recurrent CNAs identified in this study were shared between the two breeds, suggesting that they are associated more with the cancer phenotype than with breed. A subset of recurrent genomic imbalances suggested involvement of known cancer associated genes in HS pathogenesis, including deletions of the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A/B, RB1 and PTEN. A small number of aberrations were unique to each breed, implying that they may contribute to the major differences in tumor location evident in these two breeds. The most highly recurrent canine CNAs revealed in this study are evolutionarily conserved with those reported in human histiocytic proliferations, suggesting that human and dog HS share a conserved pathogenesis. Conclusions The breed associated clinical features and DNA copy number aberrations exhibited by canine HS offer a valuable model for the human counterpart, providing additional evidence towards elucidation of the pathophysiological and genetic mechanisms associated with histiocytic malignancies. Extrapolation of data derived from canine histiocytic disorders to human histiocytic proliferation may help to further our understanding of the propagation and cancerization of histiocytic cells, contributing to development of new and effective therapeutic modalities for both species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Hedan
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Constantino-Casas F, Mayhew D, Hoather TM, Dobson JM. The clinical presentation and histopathologic-immunohistochemical classification of histiocytic sarcomas in the Flat Coated Retriever. Vet Pathol 2010; 48:764-71. [PMID: 20930108 DOI: 10.1177/0300985810385153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Flat Coated Retriever is a breed at risk of development of histiocytic sarcoma (HS), but in contrast to the disseminated form of disease recognized in the Bernese Mountain Dog, most reports of HS in Flat Coated Retrievers describe a localized lesion affecting the musculature or fascia of limbs. The purpose of this study was to review data and material received though an ongoing Flat Coated Retriever tumor survey to better define the presentation of HS in the breed and to determine the utility of subclassification of tumors arising at different sites by histology and immunohistologic phenotyping. Data on 180 dogs bearing HS-like tumors were available for review, which showed that although the majority (101 lesions, 57%) were primary limb lesions, 47 dogs (26%) had visceral, mainly splenic lesions with no peripheral primary tumor. A detailed histologic and immunohistologic review of 20 limb tumors and 20 splenic tumors showed that 2 distinct phenotypic subtypes could be identified: a histiocytic subtype, most prevalent in the splenic tumors, and a histiocytic-spindle-pleomorphic subtype, mainly seen in the limb tumors. Despite their variable morphology, all tumors expressed major histocompatibility complex class II and the leukocyte antigen CD18, but only those tumors in the spleen consistently expressed CD11d. The majority of tumors also contained a mild to moderate infiltrate of T lymphocytes.
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Neta M, Wen X, Moore PF, Bienzle D. Structure and sequence variation of the canine perforin gene. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2009; 133:314-20. [PMID: 19740553 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2008] [Revised: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 08/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity is essential to control viral infections, limit lymphocyte expansion and activation, and survey for malignant cells. Humans with defects in lymphocyte cytotoxicity have reduced perforin function resulting in uncontrolled lymphocyte expansion, leading to excessive histiocyte activation and a hemophagocytic disorder. Dog breeds such as Bernese mountain dogs (BMD) have a high incidence of reactive and malignant diseases affecting histiocytes. This study addressed the hypothesis that changes in the perforin gene contribute to the development of hemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma (HHS) in BMD. Canine perforin DNA was amplified and sequenced through multiple PCR assays from healthy and diseased dogs, and the gene structure determined by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The coding component of the gene consists of 1679bp, with two exons of 536bp and 1143bp separated by an intron of 865bp. Gene configuration and location differ from that in other species although the coding sequence is highly conserved. Three silent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were identified. Analysis of their distribution indicated a consistent genotype among 6 middle-aged to older BMD without histiocytic diseases. Among samples from 10 dogs with HHS and 10 without histiocytic diseases SNP occurred with variable frequency. It was concluded that changes in the amino acid sequence of perforin were not associated with HHS but that a constellation of SNP may characterize BMD without histiocytic disease. Investigation of more dogs is required to confirm a specific genotype. Future studies should focus on the potential contribution of reduced perforin expression and/or function to HHS in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Neta
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Tzipory L, Vernau K, Sturges B, Zabka T, Highland M, Petersen S, Wisner E, Moore P, Vernau W. Antemortem Diagnosis of Localized Central Nervous System Histiocytic Sarcoma in 2 Dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2009; 23:369-74. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2008.0264.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Allison RW, Brunker JD, Breshears MA, Avery AC, Moore PF, Affolter VK, Vernau W. Dendritic cell leukemia in a Golden Retriever. Vet Clin Pathol 2008; 37:190-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-165x.2008.00042.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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