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João GA, Rodriguez D, Tavares LD, Carvas Júnior N, Pontes Júnior FL, Rica RL, Bocalini DS, Baker JS, Figueira Júnior A. THE EFFECT OF HIGH-INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING ON POST-EXERCISE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION: A META-ANALYSIS. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202329012021_0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: The objective of this study was to present a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare total excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) for two training intervention models in healthy individuals, and the secondary objective was to understand whether oxygen consumption after exercise could really promote a meaningful help. Design: To design a meta-analysis review to compare two training intervention models (experimental: high-intensity interval training; and control: continuous moderate-intensity) and their effects on total EPOC in healthy individuals. Participants: Seventeen studies were considered to be of good methodological quality and with a low risk of bias. Methods: Literature searches were performed using the electronic databases with no restriction on year of publication. The keywords used were obtained by consulting Mesh Terms (PubMed) and DeCS (BIREME Health Science Descriptors). Results: The present study findings showed a tendency (random-effects model: 0.87, 95%-CI [0.35,1.38], I2=73%, p<0.01) to increase EPOC when measured following high-intensity interval training. Conclusions: Our study focused on the analysis of high- and moderate-intensity oxygen uptake results following exercise. Despite the growing popularity of high-intensity interval training, we found that the acute and chronic benefits remain limited. We understand that the lack of a standard protocol and standard training variables provides limited consensus to determine the magnitude of the EPOC. We suggest that longitudinal experimental studies may provide more robust conclusions. Another confounding factor in the studies investigated was the magnitude (time in minutes) of VO2 measurements when assessing EPOC. Measurement times ranged from 60 min to 720 min. Longitudinal studies and controlled experimental designs would facilitate more precise measurements and correct subject numbers would provide accurate effect sizes. Systematic reviewb of Level II studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lucas D. Tavares
- Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas, Brazil; Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
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Li S, Guo R, Yu T, Li S, Han T, Yu W. Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training Combined with Blood Flow Restriction at Different Phases on Abdominal Visceral Fat among Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11936. [PMID: 36231251 PMCID: PMC9565218 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and blood flow restriction (BFR) represent a critical nonpharmacological strategy to reduce the excess deposition of visceral fat, as well as relevant complications, among obese populations. Applying BFR at diverse phases may have different effects. Therefore, the exercise program of this study combined HIIT with BFR, so as to explore the effect of BFR on abdominal visceral fat area and its mechanism in different periods of HIIT. The aim is to provide a more effective exercise prescription for obese people who want to reduce visceral fat quickly. METHODS This study was a randomized controlled trial involving 72 obese adults. One week before intervention, both regional and whole-body fat masses, abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat areas, variables of blood metabolism, and VO2max were recorded. Additionally, subjects with a matched fat percentage were randomized as a no-training control (C), HIIT (H), HIIT with BFR during interval (I), and HIIT with BFR during exercise (E) groups for 24 sessions within a 12-week period, using a cycle ergometer. During session one, this study recorded blood lactate, specific serum lipolytic hormones, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and exercise heart rate (HR) and compared them among three groups. The baseline tests were repeated at 1 week after intervention. RESULTS There was no significant statistical difference in the indicators of each group at baseline (p > 0.05). The improvement of trunk fat mass and fat percentage of the I and E groups markedly increased relative to the H group (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the I group had improved android fat mass and whole-body fat mass relative to group H (p < 0.05). Those exercise groups had markedly improved indices compared with the C group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the reduction in the I group had remarkably superior abdominal visceral fat areas (AVFA) to the H and E groups (p < 0.05). Immediately and 30 min following exercise, the E and I groups had remarkably increased growth hormone (GH) compared with the H group (p < 0.05). After exercise, the I group showed markedly increased epinephrine (EPI) compared with the H group (p < 0.05). The LA level in the I group evidently increased relative to the E group (p < 0.05), while that in the E group evidently increased compared with the H group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Compared with HIIT alone, HIIT with BFR can better improve the body-fat level and glucose metabolism. HIIT with BFR in the interval phase better reduces the abdominal visceral-fat level than in the exercise phase, which may be due to the increase in lipolytic hormone level caused by the higher physiological load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoqi Li
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Rong Guo
- School of Foreign Languages, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Physical Education, Shandong Weihai Sports Training Center, Weihai 264400, China
| | - Shiming Li
- Department of Physical Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Tenghai Han
- Department of Physical Education, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Wenbing Yu
- Department of Physical Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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Effects of Two Workload-Matched High-Intensity Interval Training Protocols on Regional Body Composition and Fat Oxidation in Obese Men. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041096. [PMID: 33801691 PMCID: PMC8066011 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of two high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols on regional body composition and fat oxidation in men with obesity were compared using a parallel randomized design. Sixteen inactive males (age, 38.9 ± 7.3 years; body fat, 31.8 ± 3.9%; peak oxygen uptake, VO2peak, 30.9 ± 4.1 mL/kg/min; all mean ± SD) were randomly assigned to either HIIT10 (48 × 10 s bouts at 100% of peak power [Wpeak] with 15 s of recovery) or HIIT60 group (8 × 60 s bouts at 100% Wpeak with 90 s of recovery), and subsequently completed eight weeks of training, while maintaining the same diet. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) showed only a main effect of time (p < 0.01) and no group or interaction effects (p > 0.05) in the examined parameters. Total and trunk fat mass decreased by 1.81 kg (90%CI: −2.63 to −0.99 kg; p = 0.002) and 1.45 kg (90%CI: −1.95 to −0.94 kg; p < 0.001), respectively, while leg lean mass increased by 0.86 kg (90%CI: 0.63 to 1.08 kg; p < 0.001), following both HIIT protocols. HIIT increased peak fat oxidation (PFO) (from 0.20 ± 0.05 to 0.33 ± 0.08 g/min, p = 0.001), as well as fat oxidation over a wide range of submaximal exercise intensities, and shifted PFO to higher intensity (from 33.6 ± 4.6 to 37.6 ± 6.7% VO2peak, p = 0.039). HIIT, irrespective of protocol, improved VO2peak by 20.0 ± 7.2% (p < 0.001), while blood lactate at various submaximal intensities decreased by 20.6% (p = 0.001). In conclusion, both HIIT protocols were equally effective in improving regional body composition and fat oxidation during exercise in obese men.
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Sarmiento A, Diaz-Castro J, Pulido-Moran M, Moreno-Fernandez J, Kajarabille N, Chirosa I, Guisado IM, Javier Chirosa L, Guisado R, Ochoa JJ. Short-term ubiquinol supplementation reduces oxidative stress associated with strenuous exercise in healthy adults: A randomized trial. Biofactors 2016; 42:612-622. [PMID: 27193497 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Studies about Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 ) supplementation on strenuous exercise are scarce, especially those related with oxidative stress associated with physical activity and virtually nonexistent with the reduced form, Ubiquinol. The objective of this study was to determine, for the first time, whether a short-term supplementation with Ubiquinol can prevent oxidative stress associated to strenuous exercise. The participants (n = 100 healthy and well trained, but not on an elite level) were classified in two groups: Ubiquinol (experimental group), and placebo group (control). The protocol consisted of conducting two identical strenuous exercise tests with a rest period between tests of 24 h. Blood and urine samples were collected from the participants before supplementation (basal value) (T1), after supplementation (2 weeks) (T2), after first physical exercise test (T3), after 24 h of rest (T4), and after second physical exercise test (T5).The increase observed in the lactate, isoprostanes, DNA damage, and hydroperoxide levels reveals the severity of the oxidative damage induced by the exercise. There was a reduction in the isoprostanes, 8-OHdG, oxidized LDL, and hydroperoxydes in the supplemented Ubiquinol group, an increase in total antioxidant status, fat soluble antioxidant (both plasma and membrane), and CAT activity. Also, NO in the Ubiquinol-supplemented group was maintained within a narrow range. Oxidative stress induced by strenuous exercise is accumulative and increases transiently in subsequent sessions of physical activity. A short-term supplementation (2 weeks) with Ubiquinol (200 mg/day) before strenuous exercise, decreases oxidative stress and increases plasma NO, fact that could improve endothelial function, energetic substrate supply, and muscle recovery after strenuous exercise. © 2016 BioFactors, 42(6):612-622, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Sarmiento
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix," University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Human Nutrition Ph.D. Program, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Diaz-Castro
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix," University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Mario Pulido-Moran
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix," University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernandez
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix," University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Naroa Kajarabille
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix," University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ignacio Chirosa
- Departament of Physical Education, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Isabel M Guisado
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Rafael Guisado
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Julio J Ochoa
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix," University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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do Nascimento Salvador PC, de Aguiar RA, Teixeira AS, Souza KMD, de Lucas RD, Denadai BS, Guglielmo LGA. Are the oxygen uptake and heart rate off-kinetics influenced by the intensity of prior exercise? Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2016; 230:60-7. [PMID: 27181327 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prior exercise on the heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake (VO2) off-kinetics after a subsequent high-intensity running exercise. Thirteen male futsal players (age 22.8±6.1years) performed a series of high-intensity bouts without prior exercise (control), preceded by a prior same intensity continuous exercise (CE+CE) and a prior sprint exercise (SE+CE). The magnitude of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOCm-4.25±0.19 vs. 3.69±0.20Lmin(-1) in CE+CE and 3.62±0.18Lmin(-1) in control; p<0.05) and the parasympathetic reactivation (HRR60s-33±3 vs. 37±3bpm in CE+CE and 42±3 bpm in control; p<0.05) in the SE+CE were higher and slower, compared with another two conditions. The EPOCτ (time to attain 63% of total response; 53±2s) and the heart rate time-course (HRτ-86±5s) were significantly longer after the SE+CE condition than control transition (48±2s and 69±5s, respectively; p<0.05). The SE+CE induce greater stress on the metabolic function, respiratory system and autonomic nervous system regulation during post-exercise recovery than CE, highlighting that the inclusion of sprint-based exercises can be an effective strategy to increase the total energy expenditure following an exercise session.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Cesar do Nascimento Salvador
- Physical effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rua Antonio Edu Vieira, Pantanal, CDS/UFSC, Florianopolis 88040-970, SC, Brazil, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Human Performance Research Group, Center of Health and Sport Sciences, Santa Catarina State University, Rua Pascoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros, Florianopolis CEP: 88080-350, SC, Brazil, Brazil.
| | - Anderson Santiago Teixeira
- Physical effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rua Antonio Edu Vieira, Pantanal, CDS/UFSC, Florianopolis 88040-970, SC, Brazil, Brazil.
| | - Kristopher Mendes de Souza
- Physical effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rua Antonio Edu Vieira, Pantanal, CDS/UFSC, Florianopolis 88040-970, SC, Brazil, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Dantas de Lucas
- Physical effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rua Antonio Edu Vieira, Pantanal, CDS/UFSC, Florianopolis 88040-970, SC, Brazil, Brazil.
| | - Benedito Sérgio Denadai
- Human Performance Laboratory, UNESP, Avenida 24 A, 1515, Bela Vista, Rio Claro CEP: 13506-900, SP, Brazil, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Guilherme Antonacci Guglielmo
- Physical effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rua Antonio Edu Vieira, Pantanal, CDS/UFSC, Florianopolis 88040-970, SC, Brazil, Brazil.
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