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Amish SJ, Bernall S, DeHaan P, Miller M, O’Rourke S, Boyer MC, Muhlfeld C, Lodmell A, Leary RF, Luikart G. Rapid SNP genotyping, sex identification, and hybrid-detection in threatened bull trout. CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-022-01289-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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2
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Bangley CW, Edwards ML, Mueller C, Fisher RA, Aguilar R, Heggie K, Richie K, Ahr BJ, Ogburn MB. Environmental associations of cownose ray (
Rhinoptera bonasus
) seasonal presence along the U.S. Atlantic Coast. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charles W. Bangley
- Fisheries Conservation Laboratory Smithsonian Environmental Research Center 647 Contees Wharf Road Edgewater Maryland 21037 USA
- Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 4R3 Canada
| | - Michelle L. Edwards
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute Florida Atlantic University 5600 US 1 North Fort Pierce Florida 34946 USA
| | - Claire Mueller
- Movement of Life Initiative Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute 1500 Remount Road Front Royal Virginia 22630 USA
| | - Robert A. Fisher
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science 1370 Greate Road Gloucester Point Virginia 23062 USA
| | - Robert Aguilar
- Fisheries Conservation Laboratory Smithsonian Environmental Research Center 647 Contees Wharf Road Edgewater Maryland 21037 USA
| | - Keira Heggie
- Fisheries Conservation Laboratory Smithsonian Environmental Research Center 647 Contees Wharf Road Edgewater Maryland 21037 USA
| | - Kimberly Richie
- Fisheries Conservation Laboratory Smithsonian Environmental Research Center 647 Contees Wharf Road Edgewater Maryland 21037 USA
| | - Bonnie J. Ahr
- Herndon Solutions Group, LLC NASA Environmental and Medical Contract Kennedy Space Center Mail Code: NEM‐022 Merritt Island Florida 32899 USA
| | - Matthew B. Ogburn
- Fisheries Conservation Laboratory Smithsonian Environmental Research Center 647 Contees Wharf Road Edgewater Maryland 21037 USA
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3
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Birnie-Gauvin K, Bordeleau X, Cooke SJ, Davidsen JG, Eldøy SH, Eliason EJ, Moore A, Aarestrup K. Life-history strategies in salmonids: the role of physiology and its consequences. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:2304-2320. [PMID: 34043292 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Salmonids are some of the most widely studied species of fish worldwide. They span freshwater rivers and lakes to fjords and oceans; they include short- and long-distance anadromous migrants, as well as partially migratory and non-migratory populations; and exhibit both semelparous and iteroparous reproduction. Salmonid life-history strategies represent some of the most diverse on the planet. For this reason, salmonids provide an especially interesting model to study the drivers of these different life-history pathways. Over the past few decades, numerous studies and reviews have been published, although most have focused on ultimate considerations where expected reproductive success of different developmental or life-history strategies are compared. Those that considered proximate causes generally focused on genetics or the environment, with less consideration of physiology. Our objective was therefore to review the existing literature on the role of physiology as a proximate driver for life-history strategies in salmonids. This link is necessary to explore since physiology is at the core of biological processes influencing energy acquisition and allocation. Energy acquisition and allocation processes, in turn, can affect life histories. We find that life-history strategies are driven by a range of physiological processes, ranging from metabolism and nutritional status to endocrinology. Our review revealed that the role of these physiological processes can vary across species and individuals depending on the life-history decision(s) to be made. In addition, while findings sometimes vary by species, results appear to be consistent in species with similar life cycles. We conclude that despite much work having been conducted on the topic, the study of physiology and its role in determining life-history strategies in salmonids remains somewhat unexplored, particularly for char and trout (excluding brown trout) species. Understanding these mechanistic links is necessary if we are to understand adequately how changing environments will impact salmonid populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Birnie-Gauvin
- Section for Freshwater Fisheries and Ecology, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Vejlsøvej 39, Silkeborg, 8600, Denmark
| | - Xavier Bordeleau
- Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Maurice Lamontagne Institute, 850 route de la Mer, Mont-Joli, QC, G5H 3Z4, Canada
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Department of Biology & Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Jan G Davidsen
- NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 1, Trondheim, 7491, Norway
| | - Sindre H Eldøy
- NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 1, Trondheim, 7491, Norway
| | - Erika J Eliason
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, California, UCSB Marine Science Institute, Building 520, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106-6150, U.S.A
| | - Andy Moore
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk, NR33 0HT, U.K
| | - Kim Aarestrup
- Section for Freshwater Fisheries and Ecology, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Vejlsøvej 39, Silkeborg, 8600, Denmark
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4
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Evans ML, Hard JJ, Black AN, Sard NM, O’Malley KG. A quantitative genetic analysis of life-history traits and lifetime reproductive success in reintroduced Chinook salmon. CONSERV GENET 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-019-01174-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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5
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Harvey AC, Tang Y, Wennevik V, Skaala Ø, Glover KA. Timing is everything: Fishing-season placement may represent the most important angling-induced evolutionary pressure on Atlantic salmon populations. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:7490-7502. [PMID: 28944033 PMCID: PMC5606871 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fisheries‐induced evolution can change the trajectory of wild fish populations by selectively targeting certain phenotypes. For important fish species like Atlantic salmon, this could have large implications for their conservation and management. Most salmon rivers are managed by specifying an angling season of predetermined length based on population demography, which is typically established from catch statistics. Given the circularity of using catch statistics to estimate demographic parameters, it may be difficult to quantify the selective nature of angling and its evolutionary impact. In the River Etne in Norway, a recently installed trap permits daily sampling of fish entering the river, some of which are subsequently captured by anglers upstream. Here, we used 31 microsatellites to establish an individual DNA profile for salmon entering the trap, and for many of those subsequently captured by anglers. These data permitted us to investigate time of rod capture relative to river entry, potential body size‐selective harvest, and environmental variables associated with river entry. Larger, older fish entered the river earlier than smaller, younger fish of both sexes, and larger, older females were more abundant than males and vice versa. There was good agreement between the sizes of fish harvested by angling, and the size distribution of the population sampled on the trap. These results demonstrate that at least in this river, and with the current timing of the season, the angling catch reflects the population's demographics and there is no evidence of size‐selective harvest. We also demonstrated that the probability of being caught by angling declines quickly after river entry. Collectively, these data indicate that that the timing of the fishing season, in relation to the upstream migration patterns of the different demographics of the population, likely represents the most significant directional evolutionary force imposed by angling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yongkai Tang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Wuxi China
| | | | | | - Kevin A Glover
- Institute of Marine Research Bergen Norway.,Department of Biology Sea Lice Research Centre University of Bergen Bergen Norway
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6
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Abstract
In polygynandrous mating systems, in which females limit reproductive success, males can increase their success by investing in courtship. Earlier arrival at the spawning ground compared to when females arrive may increase their opportunities in competitive mating systems. In this study, we used passive telemetry to test whether a male minnow known as the asp, Leuciscus aspius, times its arrival at spawning grounds relative to the arrival of females. Males arrived in a model stream approximately five days earlier than females on average and left four to five days later than females over two years. Both sexes performed a daily migration between a staging ground (standing water, low energy costs) and the fluvial spawning ground (high energy costs). Fish abundance peaked twice a day, with a major peak at sunset and a minor peak at sunrise and with the evening peak abundance for males occurring 1 hour 40 minutes earlier than that of females. The number of females on the spawning ground never exceeded the number of males. While the degree of protandry is hypothesized to be influenced by the operational sex ratio (ranging from 0.5 to 1 in our study), our data did not support this theory.
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7
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Lennox RJ, Falkegård M, Vøllestad LA, Cooke SJ, Thorstad EB. Influence of harvest restrictions on angler release behaviour and size selection in a recreational fishery. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 176:139-148. [PMID: 27054530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Fishing regulations such as harvest restrictions are implemented to limit the exploitation of many fish stocks and ensure the sustainability of fisheries. In Norway, inland recreational fisheries are co-managed by the government and by local riparian rights holders, meaning that Atlantic salmon Salmo salar harvest restrictions differ somewhat among rivers. Data from Norwegian rivers from 2009 to 2013 were used to test for variation in the proportion of salmon released by anglers and the relative size of salmon harvested and released by anglers in rivers that had varying harvest restrictions in terms of quotas, size restrictions, and/or female harvest restrictions. The proportion of the catch released by anglers was higher in rivers where there were harvest restrictions (proportion released = 0.09-0.24) than in rivers with no such restrictions (proportion released = 0.01). On average, salmon released in rivers with size restrictions larger (average mass difference between harvested and released salmon = -1.25 kg) than those released in rivers without harvest restrictions (difference = 0.60 kg). The proportion of the catch released was larger in rivers with seasonal quotas (0.29) than in rivers with daily (0.07) or collective (i.e. total catch for the river; 0.06) quotas. Rivers with low daily (one salmon per angler per day) or seasonal (<5 salmon per angler per year) quotas had a larger proportion of salmon released (0.23, 0.38, respectively) than rivers with moderate (0.10, 0.21) or high (0.07, 0.16) quotas. High seasonal quotas resulted in larger individuals harvested than released (difference = 1.16 kg), on average, compared to moderate (1.22 kg) and high seasonal quotas (-0.30 kg). We conclude that harvest restrictions influenced the extent to which fish were released and thus the stock composition (i.e. size distribution) escaping the recreational fishery with the potential to spawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Lennox
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada; Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, P. O. Box 5685, Sluppen, N-7485 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Morten Falkegård
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Fram Centre, P. O. Box 6606, Langnes, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - L Asbjørn Vøllestad
- University of Oslo, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, P.O.Box 1066, Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Eva B Thorstad
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, P. O. Box 5685, Sluppen, N-7485 Trondheim, Norway
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8
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Coulter AA, Bailey EJ, Keller D, Goforth RR. Invasive Silver Carp movement patterns in the predominantly free-flowing Wabash River (Indiana, USA). Biol Invasions 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-015-1020-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Tibblin P, Forsman A, Borger T, Larsson P. Causes and consequences of repeatability, flexibility and individual fine-tuning of migratory timing in pike. J Anim Ecol 2015; 85:136-45. [PMID: 26412457 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Many organisms undertake migrations between foraging and breeding habitats and while it is assumed that reproductive timing affects fitness, little is known about the degree of individual consistency, and about the causes and consequences of individual variation in migratory timing in organisms other than birds. Here, we report on a 6-year mark-recapture study, including 2048 individuals, of breeding migration in anadromous pike (Esox lucius), an iteroparous top-predatory fish that displays homing behaviour. By repeated sampling across years at a breeding site, we first quantify individual variation both within and between breeding events and then investigate phenotypic correlates and fitness consequences of arrival timing to the breeding site. Our data demonstrate that males arrive before females, that large males arrive later than small males, that the timing of breeding migration varies among years and that individuals are consistent in their timing across years relative to other individuals in the population. Furthermore, data on return rates indicate that arrival time is under stabilizing viability selection, and that individuals who are more flexible in their timing of arrival during the first reproductive years survive longer compared with less flexible individuals. Finally, longitudinal data demonstrate that individuals consistently fine-tune their arrival timing across years, showing that the timing of arrival to breeding sites is influenced by experience. These findings represent rare evidence of how between- and within-individual variations in migratory timing across breeding events are correlated with phenotypic and fitness traits in an ecologically important keystone species. Our results emphasize the importance of considering variation in migratory timing both between and within individuals in studies investigating the fitness consequences of migratory behaviour and have implications for future management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petter Tibblin
- Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, EEMiS, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Barlastgatan 11, SE-39182, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Anders Forsman
- Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, EEMiS, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Barlastgatan 11, SE-39182, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Tobias Borger
- The County Administration of Kalmar, Fish and Wildlife, Malmbrogatan 6, SE-39186, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Per Larsson
- Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, EEMiS, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Barlastgatan 11, SE-39182, Kalmar, Sweden
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10
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Crozier LG, Hutchings JA. Plastic and evolutionary responses to climate change in fish. Evol Appl 2014; 7:68-87. [PMID: 24454549 PMCID: PMC3894899 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The physical and ecological 'fingerprints' of anthropogenic climate change over the past century are now well documented in many environments and taxa. We reviewed the evidence for phenotypic responses to recent climate change in fish. Changes in the timing of migration and reproduction, age at maturity, age at juvenile migration, growth, survival and fecundity were associated primarily with changes in temperature. Although these traits can evolve rapidly, only two studies attributed phenotypic changes formally to evolutionary mechanisms. The correlation-based methods most frequently employed point largely to 'fine-grained' population responses to environmental variability (i.e. rapid phenotypic changes relative to generation time), consistent with plastic mechanisms. Ultimately, many species will likely adapt to long-term warming trends overlaid on natural climate oscillations. Considering the strong plasticity in all traits studied, we recommend development and expanded use of methods capable of detecting evolutionary change, such as the long term study of selection coefficients and temporal shifts in reaction norms, and increased attention to forecasting adaptive change in response to the synergistic interactions of the multiple selection pressures likely to be associated with climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey A Hutchings
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University Halifax, NS, Canada ; Department of Biosciences, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
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11
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Forsythe PS, Scribner KT, Crossman JA, Ragavendran A, Baker EA, Davis C, Smith KK. Environmental and lunar cues are predictive of the timing of river entry and spawning-site arrival in lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2012; 81:35-53. [PMID: 22747803 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2012.03308.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The associations were quantified between daily and interannual variation in the timing of a closed population of lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens migration and arrival at spawning sites with stream environmental and lunar covariates. Spawning data were gathered from 1262 fish in Black Lake, Michigan 2001 to 2008 and by video monitoring 2000 to 2002. Sex-specific variation in responses to external cues was also tested. Results showed that a greater number of individuals initiated migration from lake to riverine habitats at dawn and dusk relative to other times of the day. Current and lagged effects of water temperature and river discharge, and periods in the lunar cycle were important variables in models quantifying movements into the river and timing of adult arrival at spawning sites. Different suites of covariates were predictive of A. fulverscens responses during different periods of the spawning season. The timing of initiation of migration and spawning, and the importance of covariates to the timing of these events, did not differ between sexes. Stream flow and temperature covaried with other variables including day length and the lunar cycle. Anthropogenic disruption of relationships among variables may mean that environmental cues may no longer reliably convey information for Acipenseriformes and other migratory fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Forsythe
- Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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12
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Evans K, Patterson TA, Reid H, Harley SJ. Reproductive schedules in southern bluefin tuna: are current assumptions appropriate? PLoS One 2012; 7:e34550. [PMID: 22514636 PMCID: PMC3326032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Southern bluefin tuna (SBT) appear to comprise a single stock that is assumed to be both mixed across its distribution and having reproductive adults that are obligate, annual spawners. The putative annual migration cycle of mature SBT consists of dispersed foraging at temperate latitudes with migration to a single spawning ground in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean. Spawning migrations have been assumed to target two peaks in spawning activity; one in September-October and a second in February-March. SBT of sizes comparable to that of individuals observed on the spawning ground were satellite tagged in the Tasman Sea region (2003–2008) and demonstrated both migrations to the spawning grounds and residency in the Tasman Sea region throughout the whole year. All individuals undertaking apparent spawning migrations timed their movements to coincide with the second recognised spawning peak or even later. These observations suggest that SBT may demonstrate substantial flexibility in the scheduling of reproductive events and may even not spawn annually as currently assumed. Further, the population on the spawning grounds may be temporally structured in association with foraging regions. These findings provide new perspectives on bluefin population and spatial dynamics and warrant further investigation and consideration of reproductive schedules in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Evans
- Wealth from Oceans National Research Flagship, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Division of Marine and Atmospheric Research, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
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13
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Jonsson B, Jonsson N. A review of the likely effects of climate change on anadromous Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and brown trout Salmo trutta, with particular reference to water temperature and flow. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2009; 75:2381-447. [PMID: 20738500 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02380.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The present paper reviews the effects of water temperature and flow on migrations, embryonic development, hatching, emergence, growth and life-history traits in light of the ongoing climate change with emphasis on anadromous Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and brown trout Salmo trutta. The expected climate change in the Atlantic is for milder and wetter winters, with more precipitation falling as rain and less as snow, decrease in ice-covered periods and frequent periods with extreme weather. Overall, thermal limits for salmonids are species specific. Scope for activity and growth and optimal temperature for growth increase with temperature to an optimal point before constrain by the oxygen content of the water. The optimal temperature for growth decreases with increasing fish size and varies little among populations within species, whereas the growth efficiency may be locally adapted to the temperature conditions of the home stream during the growth season. Indirectly, temperature influences age and size at smolting through its effect on growth. Time of spawning, egg hatching and emergence of the larvae vary with temperature and selective effects on time of first feeding. Traits such as age at first maturity, longevity and fecundity decrease with increasing temperature whilst egg size increases with temperature. Water flow influences the accessibility of rivers for returning adults and speed of both upstream and downstream migration. Extremes in water flow and temperature can decrease recruitment and survival. There is reason to expect a northward movement of the thermal niche of anadromous salmonids with decreased production and population extinction in the southern part of the distribution areas, migrations earlier in the season, later spawning, younger age at smolting and sexual maturity and increased disease susceptibility and mortality. Future research challenges are summarized at the end of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Jonsson
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway.
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14
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Berger U, Glynn A, Holmström KE, Berglund M, Ankarberg EH, Törnkvist A. Fish consumption as a source of human exposure to perfluorinated alkyl substances in Sweden - analysis of edible fish from Lake Vättern and the Baltic Sea. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 76:799-804. [PMID: 19457539 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2008] [Revised: 04/04/2009] [Accepted: 04/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) were analyzed in muscle tissue from edible fish species caught in the second largest freshwater lake in Sweden, Lake Vättern (LV), and in the brackish water Baltic Sea (BS). Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the predominant PFAS found. PFOS concentrations were higher in LV (medians 2.9-12 ng g(-1) fresh weight) than in BS fish (medians 1.0-2.5 ng g(-1) fresh weight). Moreover, LV fish was more contaminated with several other PFAS than BS fish. This may be due to anthropogenic discharges from urban areas around LV. The PFAS pattern differed between LV and BS fish, indicating different sources of contamination for the two study areas. Human exposure to PFOS via fish intake was calculated for three study groups, based on consumption data from literature. The groups consisted of individuals that reported moderate or high consumption of BS fish or high consumption of LV fish, respectively. The results showed that PFOS intake strongly depended on individual fish consumption as well as the fish catchment area. Median PFOS intakes were estimated to 0.15 and 0.62 ng kg(-1) body weight (bw) d(-1) for the consumers of moderate and high amounts of BS fish, respectively. For the group with high consumption of LV fish a median PFOS intake of 2.7 ng kg(-1)bw d(-1) was calculated. Fish consumption varied considerably within the consumer groups, with maximum PFOS intakes of 4.5 (BS fish) or 9.6 ng kg(-1)bw d(-1) (LV fish). Comparison of our results with literature data on PFOS intake from food suggests that fish from contaminated areas may be a significant source of dietary PFOS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs Berger
- Department of Applied Environmental Science (ITM), Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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Kuparinen A, O'Hara RB, Merilä J. Lunar periodicity and the timing of river entry in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2009; 74:2401-2408. [PMID: 20735561 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02255.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Historical catch records of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar from three rivers discharging to the Baltic Sea in an area free from tides and from strong effects of the moon on illumination were analysed to investigate whether timing of S. salar river entry was associated with lunar cycles directly. Although a significant effect of lunar phase on river entry was detected, with more fish entering rivers around the full moon than other phases, the effect of the lunar cycle was very small compared with other sources of variation. Hence, the biological role of lunar cycle as a determinant of the timing of S. salar runs in the investigated populations was negligible, suggesting that lunar cycle per se does not play a role in the timing of S. salar river entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kuparinen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, P. O. Box 65, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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Kikkert DA, Crowl TA, Covich AP. Upstream migration of amphidromous shrimps in the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico: temporal patterns and environmental cues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1899/08-019.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. A. Kikkert
- Ecology Center, Utah State University, UMC 5205, Logan, Utah 84322-5205 USA
| | - T. A. Crowl
- Ecology Center, Utah State University, UMC 5205, Logan, Utah 84322-5205 USA
| | - A. P. Covich
- Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2202 USA
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17
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Sherrill-Mix SA, James MC, Myers RA. Migration cues and timing in leatherback sea turtles. Behav Ecol 2007. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arm104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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