1
|
A new platform for ultra-high dose rate radiobiological research using the BELLA PW laser proton beamline. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1484. [PMID: 35087083 PMCID: PMC8795353 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05181-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is the current standard of care for more than 50% of all cancer patients. Improvements in radiotherapy (RT) technology have increased tumor targeting and normal tissue sparing. Radiations at ultra-high dose rates required for FLASH-RT effects have sparked interest in potentially providing additional differential therapeutic benefits. We present a new experimental platform that is the first one to deliver petawatt laser-driven proton pulses of 2 MeV energy at 0.2 Hz repetition rate by means of a compact, tunable active plasma lens beamline to biological samples. Cell monolayers grown over a 10 mm diameter field were exposed to clinically relevant proton doses ranging from 7 to 35 Gy at ultra-high instantaneous dose rates of 107 Gy/s. Dose-dependent cell survival measurements of human normal and tumor cells exposed to LD protons showed significantly higher cell survival of normal-cells compared to tumor-cells for total doses of 7 Gy and higher, which was not observed to the same extent for X-ray reference irradiations at clinical dose rates. These findings provide preliminary evidence that compact LD proton sources enable a new and promising platform for investigating the physical, chemical and biological mechanisms underlying the FLASH effect.
Collapse
|
2
|
Tajima T, Necas A, Mourou G, Gales S, Leroy M. Spent Nuclear Fuel Incineration by Fusion-Driven Liquid Transmutator Operated in Real Time by Laser. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2021.1889918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Tajima
- TAE Technologies, 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610
| | - A. Necas
- TAE Technologies, 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610
| | - G. Mourou
- Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - S. Gales
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire d’Orsay, IN2P3/CNRS and University Paris-Sud, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - M. Leroy
- University of Strasbourg, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kojima S, Inoue S, Dinh TH, Hasegawa N, Mori M, Sakaki H, Yamamoto Y, Sasaki T, Shiokawa K, Kondo K, Yamanaka T, Hashida M, Sakabe S, Nishikino M, Kondo K. Compact Thomson parabola spectrometer with variability of energy range and measurability of angular distribution for low-energy laser-driven accelerated ions. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:053305. [PMID: 32486709 DOI: 10.1063/5.0005450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This article reports the development of a compact Thomson parabola spectrometer for laser-accelerated ions that can measure angular distribution with a high energy resolution and has a variable measurable energy range. The angular-resolved energy spectra for different ion species can be measured in a single shot, and the sampling angle can be selected from outside the vacuum region. The electric and magnetic fields are applied to the ion dispersion by using a permanent magnetic circuit and annulus sector-shaped electrodes with a wedge configuration. The compact magnetic circuit consists of permanent magnets, fixed yokes, and movable yokes. The magnetic flux is intentionally leaked to the movable yokes, allowing the magnetic field to be adjusted from 53 mT to 259 mT. The annulus sector-shaped electrodes with a wedge configuration provide better trace separation for high-energy ions, retain the lower-energy part of the ion signal, and subject ions passing through all pinholes to an equivalent Lorentz force. The magnetic and electric fields are designed for measuring protons and carbon ions with an energy range of 0.1-5 MeV. The spectrometer allows for the adjustment of the observable energy range afterward according to the parameters of the accelerated ion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadaoki Kojima
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Inoue
- Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Thanh Hung Dinh
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
| | - Noboru Hasegawa
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
| | - Michiaki Mori
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
| | - Hironao Sakaki
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
| | - Yoichi Yamamoto
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
| | - Teru Sasaki
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Shiokawa
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
| | - Kotaro Kondo
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamanaka
- Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masaki Hashida
- Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shuji Sakabe
- Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masaharu Nishikino
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
| | - Kiminori Kondo
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Matsui R, Fukuda Y, Kishimoto Y. Dynamics of the boundary layer created by the explosion of a dense object in an ambient dilute gas triggered by a high power laser. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:013203. [PMID: 31499930 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.013203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of the boundary layer in between two distinct collisionless plasmas created by the interaction between a dense object modeling a cluster and a short laser pulse in the presence of an ambient gas is studied with two dimensional relativistic particle-in-cell simulations, which are found to be described by three successive processes. In the first phase, a collisionless electrostatic shock wave, launched near the cluster expansion front, reflects the ambient gas ions at a contact surface as a moving wall, which allows a particle acceleration with a narrower energy spread. In the second phase, the contact surface disappears and the compressed surface of the ambient gas ions passes over the shock potential, forming an overlapping region between the cluster expansion front and the compressed surface of the ambient gas. Here, another type of nonlinear wave is found to be evolved, leading to a relaxation of the shock structure, while continuing to reflect the ambient gas ions. The nonlinear wave exhibits a bipolar electric field structure that is sustained for a long timescale coupled with slowly evolving ion dynamics, suggesting that a quasistationary kinetic equilibrium dominated by electron vortices in the phase space is established. In the third phase, a rarefaction wave is triggered and evolves at the compressed surface of ambient gas. This is because some of the ambient gas ions tend to pass over the potential of the bipolar electric field. Simultaneously, a staircase structure, i.e., a kind of internal shock, is formed in the cluster due to the deceleration of cluster ions. Such structure formations and successive dynamics accompanied by the transitions from the shock wave phase through the overlapping phase to the rarefaction wave phase are considered to be a unique nature at the boundary layer created by an explosion of a dense plasma object in an ambient dilute plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Matsui
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.,Kansai Photon Science Institute (KPSI), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
| | - Yuji Fukuda
- Kansai Photon Science Institute (KPSI), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Kishimoto
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Asavei T, Bobeica M, Nastasa V, Manda G, Naftanaila F, Bratu O, Mischianu D, Cernaianu MO, Ghenuche P, Savu D, Stutman D, Tanaka KA, Radu M, Doria D, Vasos PR. Laser-driven radiation: Biomarkers for molecular imaging of high dose-rate effects. Med Phys 2019; 46:e726-e734. [PMID: 31357243 PMCID: PMC6899889 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently developed short‐pulsed laser sources garner high dose‐rate beams such as energetic ions and electrons, x rays, and gamma rays. The biological effects of laser‐generated ion beams observed in recent studies are different from those triggered by radiation generated using classical accelerators or sources, and this difference can be used to develop new strategies for cancer radiotherapy. High‐power lasers can now deliver particles in doses of up to several Gy within nanoseconds. The fast interaction of laser‐generated particles with cells alters cell viability via distinct molecular pathways compared to traditional, prolonged radiation exposure. The emerging consensus of recent literature is that the differences are due to the timescales on which reactive molecules are generated and persist, in various forms. Suitable molecular markers have to be adopted to monitor radiation effects, addressing relevant endogenous molecules that are accessible for investigation by noninvasive procedures and enable translation to clinical imaging. High sensitivity has to be attained for imaging molecular biomarkers in cells and in vivo to follow radiation‐induced functional changes. Signal‐enhanced MRI biomarkers enriched with stable magnetic nuclear isotopes can be used to monitor radiation effects, as demonstrated recently by the use of dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) for biomolecular observations in vivo. In this context, nanoparticles can also be used as radiation enhancers or biomarker carriers. The radiobiology‐relevant features of high dose‐rate secondary radiation generated using high‐power lasers and the importance of noninvasive biomarkers for real‐time monitoring the biological effects of radiation early on during radiation pulse sequences are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodor Asavei
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Mariana Bobeica
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Viorel Nastasa
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.,National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Gina Manda
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, 050096, Romania
| | - Florin Naftanaila
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Dr Carol Davila Central Mil University Emergency Hospital, 88th Mircea Vulcanescu Str, Bucharest, Romania.,Amethyst Radiotherapy Clinic, Dr Odaii 42, Otopeni, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Bratu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Dr Carol Davila Central Mil University Emergency Hospital, 88th Mircea Vulcanescu Str, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dan Mischianu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Dr Carol Davila Central Mil University Emergency Hospital, 88th Mircea Vulcanescu Str, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihail O Cernaianu
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Petru Ghenuche
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Diana Savu
- Department of Life and Environmental Physics, Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Dan Stutman
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.,National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.,Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218, USA
| | - Kazuo A Tanaka
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Mihai Radu
- Department of Life and Environmental Physics, Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Domenico Doria
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.,Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R Vasos
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.,Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), 36-46 B-dul M. Kogalniceanu, RO-050107, Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lübcke A, Andreev AA, Höhm S, Grunwald R, Ehrentraut L, Schnürer M. Prospects of target nanostructuring for laser proton acceleration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44030. [PMID: 28290479 PMCID: PMC5349587 DOI: 10.1038/srep44030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In laser-based proton acceleration, nanostructured targets hold the promise to allow for significantly boosted proton energies due to strong increase of laser absorption. We used laser-induced periodic surface structures generated in-situ as a very fast and economic way to produce nanostructured targets capable of high-repetition rate applications. Both in experiment and theory, we investigate the impact of nanostructuring on the proton spectrum for different laser-plasma conditions. Our experimental data show that the nanostructures lead to a significant enhancement of absorption over the entire range of laser plasma conditions investigated. At conditions that do not allow for efficient laser absorption by plane targets, i.e. too steep plasma gradients, nanostructuring is found to significantly enhance the proton cutoff energy and conversion efficiency. In contrast, if the plasma gradient is optimized for laser absorption of the plane target, the nanostructure-induced absorption increase is not reflected in higher cutoff energies. Both, simulation and experiment point towards the energy transfer from the laser to the hot electrons as bottleneck.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lübcke
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander A. Andreev
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Höhm
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruediger Grunwald
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lutz Ehrentraut
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Schnürer
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Palaniyappan S, Huang C, Gautier DC, Hamilton CE, Santiago MA, Kreuzer C, Sefkow AB, Shah RC, Fernández JC. Efficient quasi-monoenergetic ion beams from laser-driven relativistic plasmas. Nat Commun 2015; 6:10170. [PMID: 26657147 PMCID: PMC4682178 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Table-top laser-plasma ion accelerators have many exciting applications, many of which require ion beams with simultaneous narrow energy spread and high conversion efficiency. However, achieving these requirements has been elusive. Here we report the experimental demonstration of laser-driven ion beams with narrow energy spread and energies up to 18 MeV per nucleon and ∼5% conversion efficiency (that is 4 J out of 80-J laser). Using computer simulations we identify a self-organizing scheme that reduces the ion energy spread after the laser exits the plasma through persisting self-generated plasma electric (∼10(12) V m(-1)) and magnetic (∼10(4) T) fields. These results contribute to the development of next generation compact accelerators suitable for many applications such as isochoric heating for ion-fast ignition and producing warm dense matter for basic science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chengkun Huang
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Donald C Gautier
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | | | | | | | - Adam B Sefkow
- Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Rahul C Shah
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Juan C Fernández
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hofmann KM, Masood U, Pawelke J, Wilkens JJ. A treatment planning study to assess the feasibility of laser-driven proton therapy using a compact gantry design. Med Phys 2015; 42:5120-9. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4927717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
9
|
Braenzel J, Andreev AA, Platonov K, Klingsporn M, Ehrentraut L, Sandner W, Schnürer M. Coulomb-driven energy boost of heavy ions for laser-plasma acceleration. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:124801. [PMID: 25860747 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.124801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented increase of kinetic energy of laser accelerated heavy ions is demonstrated. Ultrathin gold foils have been irradiated by an ultrashort laser pulse at a peak intensity of 8×10^{19} W/ cm^{2}. Highly charged gold ions with kinetic energies up to >200 MeV and a bandwidth limited energy distribution have been reached by using 1.3 J laser energy on target. 1D and 2D particle in cell simulations show how a spatial dependence on the ion's ionization leads to an enhancement of the accelerating electrical field. Our theoretical model considers a spatial distribution of the ionization inside the thin target, leading to a field enhancement for the heavy ions by Coulomb explosion. It is capable of explaining the energy boost of highly charged ions, enabling a higher efficiency for the laser-driven heavy ion acceleration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Braenzel
- Max Born Institute, Max Born Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Technical University Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - A A Andreev
- Max Born Institute, Max Born Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Vavilov State Optical Institute, Birzhevaya line 12, 199064 St. Petersburg, Russia
- St. Petersburg University, University emb.7, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - K Platonov
- Vavilov State Optical Institute, Birzhevaya line 12, 199064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M Klingsporn
- IHP, Im Technologiepark 25, 15236 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - L Ehrentraut
- Max Born Institute, Max Born Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - W Sandner
- Max Born Institute, Max Born Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Technical University Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- ELI-DC International Association AISBL, Platanenallee 6, Zeuthen 15738, Germany
| | - M Schnürer
- Max Born Institute, Max Born Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Degiovanni A, Amaldi U. History of hadron therapy accelerators. Phys Med 2015; 31:322-32. [PMID: 25812487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 60 years, hadron therapy has made great advances passing from a stage of pure research to a well-established treatment modality for solid tumours. In this paper the history of hadron therapy accelerators is reviewed, starting from the first cyclotrons used in the thirties for neutron therapy and passing to more modern and flexible machines used nowadays. The technical developments have been accompanied by clinical studies that allowed the selection of the tumours which are more sensitive to this type of radiotherapy. This paper aims at giving a review of the origin and the present status of hadron therapy accelerators, describing the technological basis and the continuous development of this application to medicine of instruments developed for fundamental science. At the end the present challenges are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ugo Amaldi
- TERA Foundation, Via Puccini 11, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jung D, Senje L, McCormack O, Yin L, Albright BJ, Letzring S, Gautier DC, Dromey B, Toncian T, Fernandez JC, Zepf M, Hegelich BM. On the analysis of inhomogeneous magnetic field spectrometer for laser-driven ion acceleration. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:033303. [PMID: 25832219 DOI: 10.1063/1.4914845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a detailed study of the use of a non-parallel, inhomogeneous magnetic field spectrometer for the investigation of laser-accelerated ion beams. Employing a wedged yoke design, we demonstrate the feasibility of an in-situ self-calibration technique of the non-uniform magnetic field and show that high-precision measurements of ion energies are possible in a wide-angle configuration. We also discuss the implications of a stacked detector system for unambiguous identification of different ion species present in the ion beam and explore the feasibility of detection of high energy particles beyond 100 MeV/amu in radiation harsh environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Jung
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - L Senje
- Lund University, P.O. Box 118, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - O McCormack
- Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - L Yin
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B J Albright
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Letzring
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D C Gautier
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B Dromey
- Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - T Toncian
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J C Fernandez
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Zepf
- Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ma WJ, Bin JH, Wang HY, Yeung M, Kreuzer C, Streeter M, Foster PS, Cousens S, Kiefer D, Dromey B, Yan XQ, Meyer-ter-Vehn J, Zepf M, Schreiber J. Bright subcycle extreme ultraviolet bursts from a single dense relativistic electron sheet. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:235002. [PMID: 25526132 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.235002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Double-foil targets separated by a low density plasma and irradiated by a petawatt-class laser are shown to be a copious source of coherent broadband radiation. Simulations show that a dense sheet of relativistic electrons is formed during the interaction of the laser with the tenuous plasma between the two foils. The coherent motion of the electron sheet as it transits the second foil results in strong broadband emission in the extreme ultraviolet, consistent with our experimental observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W J Ma
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J H Bin
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany and Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - H Y Wang
- Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology & Center of Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - M Yeung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom and Helmholtz Institute Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - C Kreuzer
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Streeter
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - P S Foster
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom and Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - S Cousens
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - D Kiefer
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - B Dromey
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - X Q Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology & Center of Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - J Meyer-ter-Vehn
- Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Zepf
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom and Helmholtz Institute Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - J Schreiber
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany and Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Towards Laser Driven Hadron Cancer Radiotherapy: A Review of Progress. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/app4030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
14
|
Szerypo J, Maier HJ, Wirth HF, Friebel HU, Frischke D. Present status of the Technological Laboratory at the LMU Munich. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-013-2638-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
15
|
Kim IJ, Pae KH, Kim CM, Kim HT, Sung JH, Lee SK, Yu TJ, Choi IW, Lee CL, Nam KH, Nickles PV, Jeong TM, Lee J. Transition of proton energy scaling using an ultrathin target irradiated by linearly polarized femtosecond laser pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:165003. [PMID: 24182274 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.165003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Particle acceleration using ultraintense, ultrashort laser pulses is one of the most attractive topics in relativistic laser-plasma research. We report proton and/or ion acceleration in the intensity range of 5×10(19) to 3.3×10(20) W/cm2 by irradiating linearly polarized, 30-fs laser pulses on 10-to 100-nm-thick polymer targets. The proton energy scaling with respect to the intensity and target thickness is examined, and a maximum proton energy of 45 MeV is obtained when a 10-nm-thick target is irradiated by a laser intensity of 3.3×10(20) W/cm2. The proton acceleration is explained by a hybrid acceleration mechanism including target normal sheath acceleration, radiation pressure acceleration, and Coulomb explosion assisted-free expansion. The transition of proton energy scaling from I(1/2) to I is observed as a consequence of the hybrid acceleration mechanism. The experimental results are supported by two- and three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Jong Kim
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea and Center for Relativistic Laser Science, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Gwangju 500-712, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Allison RR, Sibata C, Patel R. Future radiation therapy: photons, protons and particles. Future Oncol 2013; 9:493-504. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy plays a critical role in the current management of cancer patients. The most common linear accelerator-based treatment device delivers photons of radiation. In an ever more precise fashion, state-of-the-art technology has recently allowed for both modulation of the radiation beam and imaging for this treatment delivery. This has resulted in better patient outcome with far fewer side effects than were achieved even a decade ago. Recently, a push has begun for proton therapy, which may have clinical advantage in select indications, although significant limitations for these devices have become apparent. In addition, currently, heavy particle therapy has been touted as a potential means to improve cancer patient outcomes. This article will highlight current benefits and drawbacks to modern radiation therapy and speculate on future tools that will likely dramatically improve radiation oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ron R Allison
- 21st Century Oncology, 801 WH Smith Blvd., Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
| | | | - Rajen Patel
- 21st Century Oncology, 801 WH Smith Blvd., Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hofmann KM, Schell S, Wilkens JJ. Laser-driven beam lines for delivering intensity modulated radiation therapy with particle beams. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2012; 5:903-911. [PMID: 22930653 PMCID: PMC3672655 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Laser-accelerated particles are a promising option for radiation therapy of cancer by potentially combining a compact, cost-efficient treatment unit with the physical advantages of charged particle beams. To design such a treatment unit we consider different dose delivery schemes and analyze the necessary devices in the required particle beam line for each case. Furthermore, we point out that laser-driven treatment units may be ideal tools for motion adaptation during radiotherapy. Reasons for this are the potential of a flexible gantry and the time structure of the beam with high particle numbers in ultrashort bunches. One challenge that needs to be addressed is the secondary radiation produced in several beam line elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jan J Wilkens
- * Corresponding author: e-mail: , Phone: +49 89 4140 7316, Fax: +49 89 4140 7317
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schell S, Wilkens JJ. Dosimetric effects of energy spectrum uncertainties in radiation therapy with laser-driven particle beams. Phys Med Biol 2012; 57:N47-53. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/57/5/n47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Schell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 München, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Auer S, Hable V, Greubel C, Drexler GA, Schmid TE, Belka C, Dollinger G, Friedl AA. Survival of tumor cells after proton irradiation with ultra-high dose rates. Radiat Oncol 2011; 6:139. [PMID: 22008289 PMCID: PMC3215966 DOI: 10.1186/1748-717x-6-139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laser acceleration of protons and heavy ions may in the future be used in radiation therapy. Laser-driven particle beams are pulsed and ultra high dose rates of >10⁹ Gy s⁻¹ may be achieved. Here we compare the radiobiological effects of pulsed and continuous proton beams. METHODS The ion microbeam SNAKE at the Munich tandem accelerator was used to directly compare a pulsed and a continuous 20 MeV proton beam, which delivered a dose of 3 Gy to a HeLa cell monolayer within < 1 ns or 100 ms, respectively. Investigated endpoints were G2 phase cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and colony formation. RESULTS At 10 h after pulsed irradiation, the fraction of G2 cells was significantly lower than after irradiation with the continuous beam, while all other endpoints including colony formation were not significantly different. We determined the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for pulsed and continuous proton beams relative to x-irradiation as 0.91 ± 0.26 and 0.86 ± 0.33 (mean and SD), respectively. CONCLUSIONS At the dose rates investigated here, which are expected to correspond to those in radiation therapy using laser-driven particles, the RBE of the pulsed and the (conventional) continuous irradiation mode do not differ significantly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Auer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
An increasing number of proton therapy facilities are being planned and built at hospital based centers. Most facilities are employing traditional dose delivery methods. A second generation of dose application techniques, based on pencil beam scanning, is slowly being introduced into the commercially available proton therapy systems. New developments in accelerator physics are needed to accommodate and fully exploit these new techniques. At the same time new developments such as the development of small cyclotrons, Dielectric Wall Accelerator (DWA) and laser driven systems, aim for smaller, single room treatment units. In general the benefits of proton therapy could be exploited optimally when achieving a higher level in accuracy, beam energy, beam intensity, safety and system reliability. In this review an overview of the current developments will be given followed by a discussion of upcoming new technologies and needs, like increase of energy, on-line MRI and proton beam splitting for independent uses of treatment rooms.
Collapse
|
21
|
Jung D, Hörlein R, Gautier DC, Letzring S, Kiefer D, Allinger K, Albright BJ, Shah R, Palaniyappan S, Yin L, Fernández JC, Habs D, Hegelich BM. A novel high resolution ion wide angle spectrometer. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:043301. [PMID: 21528999 DOI: 10.1063/1.3575581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A novel ion wide angle spectrometer (iWASP) has been developed, which is capable of measuring angularly resolved energy distributions of protons and a second ion species, such as carbon C(6 +), simultaneously. The energy resolution for protons and carbon ions is better than 10% at ∼50 MeV/nucleon and thus suitable for the study of novel laser-ion acceleration schemes aiming for ultrahigh particle energies. A wedged magnet design enables an acceptance angle of 30°(∼524 mrad) and high angular accuracy in the μrad range. First, results obtained at the LANL Trident laser facility are presented demonstrating high energy and angular resolution of this novel iWASP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Jung
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jung D, Hörlein R, Kiefer D, Letzring S, Gautier DC, Schramm U, Hübsch C, Öhm R, Albright BJ, Fernandez JC, Habs D, Hegelich BM. Development of a high resolution and high dispersion Thomson parabola. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:013306. [PMID: 21280824 DOI: 10.1063/1.3523428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report on the development of a novel high resolution and high dispersion Thomson parabola for simultaneously resolving protons and low-Z ions of more than 100 MeV/nucleon necessary to explore novel laser ion acceleration schemes. High electric and magnetic fields enable energy resolutions of ΔE∕E < 5% at 100 MeV/nucleon and impede premature merging of different ion species at low energies on the detector plane. First results from laser driven ion acceleration experiments performed at the Trident Laser Facility demonstrate high resolution and superior species and charge state separation of this novel Thomson parabola for ion energies of more than 30 MeV/nucleon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Jung
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico 87545, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Schell S, Wilkens JJ. Advanced treatment planning methods for efficient radiation therapy with laser accelerated proton and ion beams. Med Phys 2010; 37:5330-40. [PMID: 21089768 DOI: 10.1118/1.3491406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Str 22, 81675 München, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tajima T. Laser acceleration and its future. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2010; 86:147-57. [PMID: 20228616 PMCID: PMC3417841 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.86.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Laser acceleration is based on the concept to marshal collective fields that may be induced by laser. In order to exceed the material breakdown field by a large factor, we employ the broken-down matter of plasma. While the generated wakefields resemble with the fields in conventional accelerators in their structure (at least qualitatively), it is their extreme accelerating fields that distinguish the laser wakefield from others, amounting to tiny emittance and compact accelerator. The current research largely falls on how to master the control of acceleration process in spatial and temporal scales several orders of magnitude smaller than the conventional method. The efforts over the last several years have come to a fruition of generating good beam properties with GeV energies on a table top, leading to many applications, such as ultrafast radiolysis, intraoperative radiation therapy, injection to X-ray free electron laser, and a candidate for future high energy accelerators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Tajima
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Garching, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|