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Sood A, Gupta A, Agrawal G. Recent advances in polysaccharides based biomaterials for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Wu D, Zhu X, Ao J, Song E, Song Y. Delivery of Ultrasmall Nanoparticles to the Cytosolic Compartment of Pyroptotic J774A.1 Macrophages via GSDMD Nterm Membrane Pores. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:50823-50835. [PMID: 34689556 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Endosome capture is a major physiological barrier to the successful delivery of nanomedicine. Here, we found a strategy to deliver ultrasmall nanoparticles (<10 nm) to the cytosolic compartment of pyroptotic cells with spontaneous endosomal escape. To mimic pathological pyroptotic cells, J774A.1 macrophages were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus nigericin (Nig) or adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to form specific gasdermin D protein-driven membrane pores at an N-terminal domain (GSDMDNterm). Through GSDMDNterm membrane pores, both anionic and cationic nanoparticles (NPs) with diameters less than 10 nm were accessed into the cytosolic compartment of pyroptotic cells in an energy- and receptor-independent manner, while NPs larger than the size of GSDMDNterm membrane pores failed to enter pyroptotic cells. NPs pass through GSDMDNterm membrane pores via free diffusion and then access into the cytoplasm of pyroptotic cells in a microtubule-independent manner. Interestingly, we found that LPS-primed NPs may act as Trojan horse, deliver extracellular LPS into normal cells through endocytosis, and in turn induce GSDMDNterm membrane pores, which facilitate further internalization of NPs. This study presented a straightforward method of distinguishing normal and pyroptotic cells through GSDMD membrane pores, implicating their potential application in monitoring the delivery of desired nanomedicines in pyroptosis-related diseases and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jian Ao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Erqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China
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Marschall ALJ. Targeting the Inside of Cells with Biologicals: Chemicals as a Delivery Strategy. BioDrugs 2021; 35:643-671. [PMID: 34705260 PMCID: PMC8548996 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-021-00500-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Delivering macromolecules into the cytosol or nucleus is possible in vitro for DNA, RNA and proteins, but translation for clinical use has been limited. Therapeutic delivery of macromolecules into cells requires overcoming substantially higher barriers compared to the use of small molecule drugs or proteins in the extracellular space. Breakthroughs like DNA delivery for approved gene therapies and RNA delivery for silencing of genes (patisiran, ONPATTRO®, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA) or for vaccination such as the RNA-based coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines demonstrated the feasibility of using macromolecules inside cells for therapy. Chemical carriers are part of the reason why these novel RNA-based therapeutics possess sufficient efficacy for their clinical application. A clear advantage of synthetic chemicals as carriers for macromolecule delivery is their favourable properties with respect to production and storage compared to more bioinspired vehicles like viral vectors or more complex drugs like cellular therapies. If biologicals can be applied to intracellular targets, the druggable space is substantially broadened by circumventing the limited utility of small molecules for blocking protein–protein interactions and the limitation of protein-based drugs to the extracellular space. An in depth understanding of the macromolecular cargo types, carrier types and the cell biology of delivery is crucial for optimal application and further development of biologicals inside cells. Basic mechanistic principles of the molecular and cell biological aspects of cytosolic/nuclear delivery of macromolecules, with particular consideration of protein delivery, are reviewed here. The efficiency of macromolecule delivery and applications in research and therapy are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L J Marschall
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany.
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Tarakanchikova YV, Linnik DS, Mashel T, Muslimov AR, Pavlov S, Lepik KV, Zyuzin MV, Sukhorukov GB, Timin AS. Boosting transfection efficiency: A systematic study using layer-by-layer based gene delivery platform. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 126:112161. [PMID: 34082966 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, the nanoparticle-based delivery approach is becoming more and more attractive in gene therapy due to its low toxicity and immunogenicity, sufficient packaging capacity, targeting, and straightforward, low-cost, large-scale good manufacturing practice (GMP) production. A number of research works focusing on multilayer structures have explored different factors and parameters that can affect the delivery efficiency of pDNA. However, there are no systematic studies on the performance of these structures for enhanced gene delivery regarding the gene loading methods, the use of additional organic components and cell/particle incubation conditions. Here, we conducted a detailed analysis of different parameters such as (i) strategy for loading pDNA into carriers, (ii) incorporating both pDNA and organic additives within one carrier and (iii) variation of cell/particle incubation conditions, to evaluate their influence on the efficiency of pDNA delivery with multilayer structures consisting of inorganic cores and polymer layers. Our results reveal that an appropriate combination of all these parameters leads to the development of optimized protocols for high transfection efficiency, compared to the non-optimized process (> 70% vs. < 7%), and shows a good safety profile. In conclusion, we provide the proof-of-principle that these multilayer structures with the developed parameters are a promising non-viral platform for an efficient delivery of nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana V Tarakanchikova
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya, 29, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, St. Petersburg Academic University, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii S Linnik
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya, 29, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Mashel
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya, 29, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Department of Applied Optics, ITMO University, Kronverkskiy pr. 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Albert R Muslimov
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, St. Petersburg Academic University, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Pavlov
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya Ulitsa, 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Kirill V Lepik
- R.M. Gorbacheva Research Institute for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation, Pavlov University, Lev Tolstoy str., 6/8, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail V Zyuzin
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Lomonosova 9, 191002 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Gleb B Sukhorukov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 143026 Moscow, Russian Federation; School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Alexander S Timin
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya, 29, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue, 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation.
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Vocelle D, Chesniak OM, Smith MR, Chan C, Walton SP. Kinetic analysis of the intracellular processing of siRNAs by confocal microscopy. Microscopy (Oxf) 2020; 69:401-407. [PMID: 32525202 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfaa031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe a method for tracking intracellular processing of small interfering RNA (siRNA) containing complexes using automated microscopy controls and image acquisition to minimize user effort and time. This technique uses fluorescence colocalization to monitor dual-labeled fluorescent siRNAs delivered by silica nanoparticles in different intracellular locations, including the early/late endosomes, fast/slow recycling endosomes, lysosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum. Combining the temporal association of siRNAs with each intracellular location, we reconstructed the intracellular pathways used in siRNA processing, and demonstrate how these pathways vary based on the chemical composition of the delivery vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vocelle
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, 428 S Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Olivia M Chesniak
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Milton R Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Christina Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, 428 S Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - S Patrick Walton
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, 428 S Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Vocelle D, Chan C, Walton SP. Endocytosis Controls siRNA Efficiency: Implications for siRNA Delivery Vehicle Design and Cell-Specific Targeting. Nucleic Acid Ther 2020; 30:22-32. [PMID: 31718426 PMCID: PMC6987736 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2019.0804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are commonly used for laboratory studies, development of siRNA therapeutics has been slower than expected, due, in part, to a still limited understanding of the endocytosis and intracellular trafficking of siRNA-containing complexes. With the recent characterization of multiple clathrin-/caveolin-independent endocytic pathways, that is, those mediated by Graf1, Arf6, and flotillin, it has become clear that the endocytic mechanism influences subsequent intracellular processing of the internalized cargo. To explore siRNA delivery in light of these findings, we developed a novel assay that differentiates uptake by each of the endocytic pathways and can be used to determine whether endocytosis by a pathway leads to the initiation of RNA interference (RNAi). Using Lipofectamine 2000 (LF2K), we determined the endocytosis pathway leading to active silencing (whether by clathrin, caveolin, Arf6, Graf1, flotillin, or macropinocytosis) across multiple cell types (HeLa, H1299, HEK293, and HepG2). We showed that LF2K is internalized by Graf1-, Arf6-, or flotillin-mediated endocytosis for the initiation of RNAi, depending on cell type. In addition, we found that a portion of siRNA-containing complexes is internalized by pathways that do not lead to initiation of silencing. Inhibition of these pathways enhanced intracellular levels of siRNAs with concomitant enhancement of silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vocelle
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Christina Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - S. Patrick Walton
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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Chen F, Huang G, Huang H. Preparation and application of dextran and its derivatives as carriers. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 145:827-834. [PMID: 31756474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As a natural and renewable biological macromolecule, dextran not only has excellent biodegradability, but also has good biocompatibility. Dextran and its derivatives are functional polymers for the construction of targeted drug delivery systems. Herein, the application of dextran as prodrug and nanoparticle/nanogel/microsphere/micelle carrier for targeting drug delivery system was summarized. It is clarified that dextran is an important biomaterial with application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Hualiang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, China
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Qu X, Hu Y, Wang H, Song H, Young M, Xu F, Liu Y, Cheng G. Biomimetic Dextran–Peptide Vectors for Efficient and Safe siRNA Delivery. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:1456-1463. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjian Qu
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huifeng Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Haiqing Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Megan Young
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Fujian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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Abstract
Dextrans are a versatile class of polysaccharides with applications that span medicine, cell biology, food science, and consumer goods. Here, we report on a new type of large monofunctionalized dextran that exhibits unusual properties: efficient cytosolic and nuclear uptake. This dextran permeates various human cell types without the use of transfection agents, electroporation, or membrane perturbation. Cellular uptake occurs primarily through active transport via receptor-mediated processes. These monofunctionalized dextrans could serve as intracellular delivery platforms for drugs or other cargos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chyan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Henry R. Kilgore
- Graduate Program in Biophysics, University of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ronald T. Raines
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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