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Mougabure-Cueto G, Fronza G, Nattero J. What happens when the insecticide does not kill? A review of sublethal toxicology and insecticide resistance in triatomines. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39167411 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Chagas disease is considered one of the most important human parasitosis in the United States. This disease is mainly transmitted by insects of the subfamily Triatominae. The chemical vector control is the main tool for reducing the incidence of the disease. However, the presence of triatomines after pyrethroids spraying has been reported in some regions, as in the case of Triatoma infestans in Argentina and Bolivia. The presence of insects can be explained by the colonization from neighbouring areas, the reduction of insecticide dose to sublethal levels due to environmental factors, and/or by the evolution of insecticide resistance. In the last two scenarios, a proportion of the insects is not killed by insecticide and gives rise to residual populations. This article focuses on the toxicological processes associated with these scenarios in triatomines. Sublethal doses may have different effects on insect biology, that is, sublethal effects, which may contribute to the control. In addition, for insect disease vectors, sublethal doses could have negative effects on disease transmission. The study of sublethal effects in triatomines has focused primarily on the sequence of symptoms associated with nervous intoxication. However, the effects of sublethal doses on excretion, reproduction and morphology have also been studied. Rhodnius prolixus and T. infestans and pyrethroids insecticides were the triatomine species and insecticides, respectively, mainly studied. Insecticide resistance is an evolutionary phenomenon in which the insecticide acts as a selective force, concentrating on the insect population's pre-existing traits that confer resistance. This leads to a reduction in the susceptibility to the insecticide, which was previously effective in controlling this species. The evolution of resistance in triatomines received little attention before the 2000s, but after the detection of the first focus of resistance associated with chemical control failures in T. infestans from Argentina in 2002, the study of resistance increased remarkably. A significant number of works have studied the geographical distribution, the resistance mechanisms, the biological modifications associated with resistance, the environmental influences and the genetic of T. infestans resistant to pyrethroid insecticides. Currently, studies of insecticide resistance are gradually being extended to other areas and other species. The aim of this article was to review the knowledge on both phenomena (sublethal effects and insecticide resistance) in triatomines. For a better understanding of this article, some concepts and processes related to insect-insecticide interactions, individual and population toxicology and evolutionary biology are briefly reviewed. Finally, possible future lines of research in triatomine toxicology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gastón Mougabure-Cueto
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de Insectos, Departamento Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental (DBBE), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA, UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Georgina Fronza
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores, Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, Escuela de Hábitat y Sostenibilidad (IIIA, EHyS, UNSAM-CONICET), Universidad de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Nattero
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (CONICET-IEGEBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Savi PJ, de Moraes GJ, Hountondji FCC, Nansen C, de Andrade DJ. Compatibility of synthetic and biological pesticides with a biocontrol agent Phytoseiulus longipes (Acari: Phytoseiidae). EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2024; 93:273-295. [PMID: 38869728 PMCID: PMC11269511 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-024-00926-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Phytoseiulus longipes is a predatory mite of Tetranychus evansi, which is an invasive pest in Africa and elsewhere. The introduction of this predator in Africa has considerable potential, but little is known about the compatibility of P. longipes with commonly used pesticides. Here, we examined lethal and sublethal effects of two pyrethroids (cypermethrin and deltamethrin), two organophosphates (dimethoate and chlorpyrifos), one nicotinoid (imidacloprid), two acaricides (propargite and abamectin), two naturally derived pesticides (oxymatrine and azadirachtin), and one entomopathogenic fungal-based formulation (Hirsutella thompsonii) on P. longipes eggs and adults. The pesticides were sprayed at their maximum recommended concentrations. Topical exposures to azadirachtin, imidacloprid, propargite, abamectin, oxymatrine, and H. thompsonii significantly reduced the net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ)of P. longipes. Pesticide lethal and sublethal effects on the predator were summarized in a reduction coefficient (Ex) for the classification based on IOBC toxicity categories. Results revealed that Azadirachtin and H. thompsonii were slightly harmful effects to adults. Imidacloprid, propargite, abamectin, and oxymatrine were moderately harmful to both eggs and adults. Residual persistence bioassays revealed that 4-day-old residue of azadirachtin had no harmful effect on the predator. Abamectin, oxymatrine, and H. thompsonii became harmless to it 10 days post-spraying, and propargite and imidacloprid were considered harmless after 20 days. Cypermethrin, deltamethrin, dimethoate, and chlorpyrifos were highly harmful to both eggs and adults, persistence remaining high even after 31 days of application. These findings provide valuable insights into decision-making when considering P. longipes for use in IPM programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Jacob Savi
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
- Departamento de Fitossanidade, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - Laboratório de Acarologia (AcaroLab), Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brasil.
| | - Gilberto José de Moraes
- Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brasil
| | | | - Christian Nansen
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Júnior de Andrade
- Departamento de Fitossanidade, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - Laboratório de Acarologia (AcaroLab), Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brasil
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Saber M, Mokhtari B. Effect of Eucalyptus globulus and Ferula assafoetida essential oils and their nanoformulations on the life table parameters of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2024; 93:297-315. [PMID: 38869726 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-024-00929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
One of the most damaging pests of agricultural crops across the globe is the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. A wide variety of arthropods and plant pathogens can be controlled by essential oils, which are secondary metabolites produced by plants. It is possible to enhance the stability as well as the anti-pest efficiency of plant essential oils by encapsulation. Water distillation was used to extract the essential oils from Eucalyptus globulus and Ferula assafoetida. The chitosan nanoparticles were used to load both essential oils into nanoformulations. Studies were conducted on T. urticae life table characteristics under experimental circumstances to determine the sublethal impacts of essential oils and their nanoformulations. Intrinsic growth rate (r) for population exposed to E. globulus, F. assafoetida essential oils, their nanoformulations and the control were 0.1, 0.069, 0.051, 0.018 and 0.21 per day, respectively. F. assafoetida and E. globulus nanoformulations resulted the lowest fecundity compared to the other treatments. According the result of the lethal and sublethal effects of purified essential oils and nanoformulations of F. assafoetida and E. globulus, they would be recommended for controlling the two-spotted spider mites, T. urticae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moosa Saber
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Batool Mokhtari
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Xu L, Wu Z, Li J, Xu Y, Zhou F, Zhang F, Li D, Zhou L, Liu R. The low-lethal concentrations of rotenone and pyrethrins suppress the population growth of Rhopalosiphum padi. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16570. [PMID: 39019954 PMCID: PMC11255243 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
As an important pest on winter wheat, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) causes damage to the wheat yield by sucking plant nutrients, transmitting plant viruses and producing mildew. R. padi has been reported to develop resistance to pyrethroids and neonicotinoids. To explore potential alternative approaches for R. padi control, the activity of 10 botanical insecticides was evaluated. Results suggested that the toxicity of rotenone and pyrethrins to R. padi were the highest and near to the commonly used chemical insecticides. When exposed to the low-lethal concentrations (LC10, LC30) of rotenone or pyrethrins for 24 h, the lifespan and fecundity of adults in F0 generation decreased significantly compared to control. The negative effect could also be observed in the F1 generation, including the decreased average offspring, longevity of adult, and prolonged nymph period. The population parameters in F1 generation of R. padi were also inhibited by exposing to the low-lethal concentrations of rotenone or pyrethrins, including the decreased net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of natural increase, finite rate of population increase, and gross reproduction rate. Co-toxocity factor results showed that mixtures of rotenone and thiamethoxam, pyrethrins and thiamethoxam showed synergistic effect. Our work suggested that rotenone and pyrethrins showed negative effect on the population growth under low-lethal concentrations. They are suitable for R. padi control as foliar spraying without causing population resurgence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Zhenghua Wu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jingkun Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yihao Xu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Fulong Zhang
- Beijing Kingbo Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 101399, China
| | - Dongzhi Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Plant Protection College, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Runqiang Liu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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Gul H, Güncan A, Ullah F, Desneux N, Liu X. Intergenerational Sublethal Effects of Flonicamid on Cotton Aphid, Aphis gossypii: An Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table Study. INSECTS 2024; 15:529. [PMID: 39057262 PMCID: PMC11277007 DOI: 10.3390/insects15070529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Flonicamid is a novel systemic insecticide widely used against aphids. However, the intergenerational sublethal effects of flonicamid on cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, have not been fully studied. This study aimed to evaluate the sublethal effects of flonicamid on the biological parameters of adult A. gossypii (F0) and its subsequent intergenerational effects on the offspring (F1 generation) through age-stage, two-sex life table analysis. The results of the bioassays indicate that flonicamid exhibits significant toxicity toward adult A. gossypii, as evidenced by an LC50 value of 0.372 mg L-1 after a 48-h exposure period. The longevity, fecundity, and reproductive days of adult cotton aphids (F0) were significantly decreased when treated with the sublethal concentrations of flonicamid. The pre-adult stage exhibited an increase, whereas the adult longevity, total longevity, and fecundity experienced a notable decrease in F1 aphids after the exposure of F0 aphids to sublethal concentrations of flonicamid. Furthermore, the key demographic parameters, including r, λ, R0, and RPd, showed a significant decrease, while the total pre-reproductive period (TPRP) experienced a significant increase in the F1 generation. Collectively, our findings indicate that sublethal concentrations of flonicamid impact the demographic parameters of A. gossypii, resulting in suppression of population growth. This study presents comprehensive information on the overall impact of flonicamid on A. gossypii, which could potentially aid in managing this major pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Gul
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Ali Güncan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ordu University, 52200 Ordu, Turkey;
| | - Farman Ullah
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- Université Côte d’Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
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Li K, Ren Y, Liu XY, Pan D, Dou W, Wang JJ, Yuan G. Sublethal and transgenerational effects of broflanilide on the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38924229 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The citrus red mite, Panonychus citri is a serious pest of the citrus industry and has developed resistance to many acaricides. Broflanilide is a novel meta-diamide insecticide that binds to a new site on the γ -aminobutyric acid receptor with high potency against pests. However, little information has been reported about its effect on the citrus red mite. RESULTS Broflanilide exhibited higher toxicity to female adults and eggs of a laboratory strain of P. citri The median lethal concentration (LC50), 9.769 mg/L and 4.576 mg/L, respectively) than other commonly used acaricides and was also toxic to two P. citri field strains. Broflanilide treatment with LC10, LC20, and LC30 significantly decreased the fecundity and longevity of female adults of F0 P. citri compared with the control. The duration of larva, protonymph, deutonymph and adult, and total life span in the F1 generation were significantly reduced after treatment of F0 with broflanilide. Population parameters, including the intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ), were significantly increased, and the mean generation time (T) of F1 progeny was significantly reduced in the LC20 treatment. The predicted population size of F1 increased when parental female adults were treated with sublethal concentrations. CONCLUSION Broflanilide had high acaricidal activity toward P. citri, and exposure to a sublethal concentration significantly inhibited the population growth of F0. The transgenerational hormesis effect is likely to cause population expansion of F1. More attention should be paid when broflanilide is applied to control P. citri in citrus orchards. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiting Ren
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xun-Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Deng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guorui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Li X, Zhang W, Zhang H, Zhang X, Song C, Zhang P, Li G, Zhu X, Zhang B. The sublethal concentration of acetamiprid suppresses the population growth of 2 species of wheat aphids, Sitobion miscanthi and Schizaphis graminum (Hemiptera: Aphididae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2024:toae114. [PMID: 38856713 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Sitobion miscanthi and Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) are the 2 main aphid species that occur simultaneously, causing significant loss to wheat production. Acetamiprid has been used to control a variety of pests, including aphids. In this study, the sublethal effect of acetamiprid on S. miscanthi and S. graminum was evaluated using life-table analyses. The results showed that acetamiprid has a high toxicity to S. miscanthi and S. graminum with a LC50 of 1.90 and 3.58 mg/L at 24 h, respectively. The adult longevity and fecundity of S. miscanthi and S. graminum F0 generation were significantly reduced after being exposed to a sublethal concentration of acetamiprid. Additionally, the sublethal concentration of acetamiprid had negative transgenerational effects on S. miscanthi and S. graminum, which showed a significant decrease in fecundity and population life-table parameters involving age-stage-specific survival rate (sxj), age-specific survival rate (lx), and intrinsic rate of increase (r). Furthermore, the population projections showed that the total population size of S. miscanthi and S. graminum was significantly lower in the aphid group exposed to sublethal concentration of acetamiprid compared to the control group. These results suggest that sublethal concentration of acetamiprid suppresses the population growth of S. miscanthi and S. graminum. This finding is beneficial to the control of wheat aphids, and is important to fully understand the role of acetamiprid in integrated pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinan Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Chengze Song
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Guangling Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Baizhong Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Xinxiang 453003, China
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Dourdin TS, Berthelin C, Guyomard K, Morin A, Morandi N, Elie N, Villain-Naud N, Rivière G, Sussarellu R. The Pacific oyster reproduction is affected by early-life exposure to environmental pesticide mixture: A multigenerational study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 937:173569. [PMID: 38810751 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides threat marine organisms worldwide. Among them, the Pacific oyster is a bivalve mollusc model in marine ecotoxicology. A large body of literature already stated on the multiple-scale effects pesticides can trigger in the Pacific oyster, throughout its life cycle and in a delayed manner. In particular, reproductive toxicity is of major concern because of its influence on population dynamics. However, past studies mostly investigated pesticide reprotoxicity as a direct effect of exposure during gametogenesis or directly on gametes and little is known about the influence of an early embryo exposure on the breed capacity. Therefore, we studied delayed and multigenerational consequences through gametogenesis features (i.e. sex ratio, glycogen content, gene expression) and reproductive success in two consecutive oyster generations (F0 and F1) exposed to an environmentally-relevant pesticide mixture (sum nominal concentration: 2.85 μg.L-1) during embryo-larval development (0-48 h post fertilization, hpf). In the first generation, glycogen content increased in exposed individuals and the expression of some gametogenesis target genes was modified. The reproductive success measured 48 hpf was higher in exposed individuals. A multigenerational influence was observed in the second generation, with feminisation, acceleration of gametogenesis processes and the sex-specific modification of glycogen metabolism in individuals from exposed parents. This study is the first to highlight the delayed effects on reproduction induced by an early exposure to pesticides, and its multigenerational implications in the Pacific oyster. It suggests that environmental pesticide contamination can have impacts on the recruitment and the dynamics of natural oyster populations exposed during their embryo-larval phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sol Dourdin
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000, France
| | - Clothilde Berthelin
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), UMR8067, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche et Développement (IRD), Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Caen Normandie (UCN), Université des Antilles (UA), 75231 Paris CEDEX, France
| | - Killian Guyomard
- Ifremer, EMMA Plateforme Expérimentale Mollusques Marins Atlantique, F-85230, France
| | - Alicia Morin
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000, France
| | - Nathan Morandi
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), UMR8067, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche et Développement (IRD), Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Caen Normandie (UCN), Université des Antilles (UA), 75231 Paris CEDEX, France
| | - Nicolas Elie
- Université de Caen Normandie, Structure Federative 4207 'Normandie Oncologie', PLATON Services Unit, Virtual'His, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Nadège Villain-Naud
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), UMR8067, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche et Développement (IRD), Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Caen Normandie (UCN), Université des Antilles (UA), 75231 Paris CEDEX, France
| | - Guillaume Rivière
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), UMR8067, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche et Développement (IRD), Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Caen Normandie (UCN), Université des Antilles (UA), 75231 Paris CEDEX, France
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Zhang L, Wu HZ, He PY, Cao HQ, Zhang WN, Peng YC, Sheng CW. Sublethal effect and detoxifying metabolism of metaflumizone and indoxacarb on the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 201:105879. [PMID: 38685245 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), is a highly polyphagous invasive pest that damages various crops. Pesticide control is the most common and effective strategy to control FAW. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of metaflumizone and indoxacarb against third-instar FAW larvae using the insecticide-incorporated artificial diet method under laboratory conditions. Both metaflumizone and indoxacarb exhibited substantial toxicity against FAW, with LC50 values of 2.43 and 14.66 mg/L at 72 h, respectively. The sublethal effects of metaflumizone and indoxacarb on parental and F1 generation FAW were investigated by exposing third-instar larvae to LC10 and LC30 concentrations of these insecticides. Sublethal exposure to these two insecticides significantly shortened adult longevity, extended pupal developmental times and led to reduced pupal weight, pupation rates, and adult fecundity in the treated parental generation and F1 generation at LC10 or LC30 concentrations, in comparison to the control group. The larval developmental times were shortened in the parental generation but prolonged in the F1 generation, after being treated with sublethal concentrations of metaflumizone. Furthermore, larvae exposed to LC10 or LC30 concentrations of indoxacarb exhibited elevated activity levels of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and glutathione S-transferase, which coincides with the observed synergistic effect of piperonyl butoxide and diethyl maleate. In conclusion, the high toxicity and negative impact of metaflumizone and indoxacarb on FAW provided significant implications for the rational utilization of insecticides against this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, the Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Hui-Zi Wu
- Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company Zunyi Branch, Zunyi 563000, PR China
| | - Pei-Yun He
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, the Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Hai-Qun Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, the Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Wan-Na Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Ying-Chuan Peng
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China.
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, the Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, PR China.
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Kapp ABP, Vechia JFD, Sinico TE, Bassanezi RB, Ramos-González PL, Freitas-Astúa J, Andrade DJ. Brevipalpus yothersi Baker (Tenuipalpidae) development in sweet orange plants is influenced by previous mite infestation and the presence of shelters. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2024; 92:759-775. [PMID: 38512422 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-024-00903-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Citrus leprosis is the most important viral disease affecting citrus. The disease is caused predominantly by CiLV-C and is transmitted by Brevipalpus yothersi Baker mites. This study brings some insight into the colonization of B. yothersi in citrus [(Citrus × sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Rutaceae)] previously infested by viruliferous or non-viruliferous B. yothersi. It also assesses the putative role of shelters on the behavior of B. yothersi. Expression of PR1 and PR4 genes, markers of plant defense mechanisms, were evaluated by RT-qPCR to correlate the role of the plant hormonal changes during the tri-trophic virus-mite-plant interplay. A previous infestation with either non-viruliferous and viruliferous mites positively influenced oviposition and the number of adult individuals in the resulting populations. Mite populations were higher on branches that had received a previous mite infestation than branches that did not. There was an increase in the expression of PR4, a marker gene in the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway, in the treatment with non-viruliferous mites, indicating a response from the plant to their feeding. Conversely, an induced expression of PR1, a marker gene in the salicylic acid (SA) pathway, was observed mainly in the treatment with viruliferous mites, which suggests the activation of a plant response against the pathogen. The earlier mite infestation, as well as the presence of leprosis lesions and a gypsum mixture as artificial shelters, all fostered the growth of the B. yothersi populations after the second infestation, regardless of the presence or absence of CiLV-C. Furthermore, it is suggested that B. yothersi feeding actually induces the JA pathway in plants. At the same time, the CiLV-C represses the JA pathway and induces the SA pathway, which benefits the mite vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Piai Kapp
- Laboratório de Acarologia (AcaroLab), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV-Unesp), Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/nº, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, CEP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Franciosi Della Vechia
- Laboratório de Acarologia (AcaroLab), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV-Unesp), Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/nº, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, CEP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Thaís Elise Sinico
- Instituto Biológico/IB, São Paulo, São Paulo, 04014-002, Brazil
- Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira/IAC, Cordeirópolis, São Paulo, 13490-970, Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliana Freitas-Astúa
- Instituto Biológico/IB, São Paulo, São Paulo, 04014-002, Brazil
- Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, 44380-000, Brazil
| | - Daniel Júnior Andrade
- Laboratório de Acarologia (AcaroLab), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV-Unesp), Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/nº, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, CEP 14884-900, Brazil.
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Kim SE, Kim HK, Kim GH. Sublethal Effects of Spirotetramat, Cyantraniliprole, and Pymetrozine on Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae). INSECTS 2024; 15:247. [PMID: 38667377 PMCID: PMC11050133 DOI: 10.3390/insects15040247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The toxicity and sublethal effects of three insecticides (spirotetramat, cyantraniliprole, and pymetrozine) on Aphis gossypii, a major agricultural pest, were investigated. The nymphal stage showed greater susceptibility than the adult stage to all the insecticides, with a difference of up to 8.9 times at the LC50 of spirotetramat. The effects of sublethal concentrations (LC10, LC30, LC50, and LC70) of the insecticides on the on the developmental period, survival rate, adult longevity, fecundity, and deformity rate were compared with those of the control. Compared with the control, cyantraniliprole and pymetrozine did not significantly affect the developmental period in the parental or F1 generation when applied at the nymphal stage at any concentration. Nonviable nymphs occurred in the F1 generation when both nymphs and adults were treated with spirotetramat and cyantraniliprole but not in the F2 generation. The age-specific maternity (lxmx) of A. gossypii treated with sublethal concentrations (LC10, LC30) decreased with increasing concentration. Spirotetramat at the LC30 resulted in significant differences in all life table parameters (R0, rm, λ, T, DT) compared with those of the control. Similarly, compared with that of the control (43.8), the net reproductive rate (R0) significantly decreased for all the insecticides except cyantraniliprole at the LC10 (37.5). Therefore, this study indicated that sublethal concentrations (over the LC30) of spirotetramat, cyantraniliprole, or pymetrozine might be useful for the density management of A. gossypii.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gil Hah Kim
- Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (S.E.K.); (H.K.K.)
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Gul H, Haq IU, Güncan A, Abbas A, Khan S, Yaseen A, Ullah F, Desneux N, Liu X. Thiamethoxam-Induced Intergenerational Sublethal Effects on the Life History and Feeding Behavior of Rhopalosiphum padi. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:865. [PMID: 38592875 PMCID: PMC10975832 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Thiamethoxam, a second-generation neonicotinoid insecticide is widely used for controlling sap-sucking insect pests including Rhopalosiphum padi. The current study aimed to investigate the life-history parameters and feeding behavior of R. padi following treatments with sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam. The lethal concentration 50 (LC50) value of thiamethoxam against adult R. padi was 11.458 mg L-1 after 48 h exposure. The sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam (LC5 and LC10) significantly decreased the adult longevity, fecundity, and reproductive days in the directly exposed aphids (F0 generation). In the progeny R. padi (F1), the developmental durations and total prereproductive period (TPRP) were decreased while the adult longevity, fecundity, and reproductive days (RPd) were increased at both thiamethoxam concentrations. The demographic parameters including the net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), and finite rate of increase (λ) were prolonged only at the LC5 of thiamethoxam. The EPG results indicated that the sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam increases the total duration of non-probing (Np) while reducing the total duration of E2 in directly exposed aphids (F0). Interestingly, the E2 were significantly increased in the progeny generation (F1) descending from previously exposed parental aphids (F0). Overall, this study showed that thiamethoxam exhibited high toxicity against directly exposed individuals (F0), while inducing intergenerational hormetic effects on the progeny generation (F1) of R. padi. These findings provided crucial details about thiamethoxam-induced hormetic effects that might be useful in managing resurgences of this key pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Gul
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Insect Pest Management Program, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan ul Haq
- Insect Pest Management Program, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Güncan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ordu University, 52200 Ordu, Turkey;
| | - Arzlan Abbas
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Shanza Khan
- Insect Pest Management Program, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Yaseen
- Insect Pest Management Program, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ullah
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- Université Côte d’Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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13
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Xia MH, Pan D, Li CZ, Li YC, Dou W, Wang JJ. Sublethal and transgenerational effects of lufenuron on the biological traits of Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 198:105727. [PMID: 38225066 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor), is a globally important pest that has developed severe resistance to various pesticides. Lufenuron has been widely used in the control of the related pests in citrus orchard ecosystem. In this study, the susceptibilities of egg, larva, deutonymph and female adult of P. citri to lufenuron was determined, and the LC50 values were 161.354 mg/L, 49.595 mg/L, 81.580 mg/L, and 147.006 mg/L, respectively. Life-table analysis indicated that the fecundities were significantly increased by 11.86% and 26.84% after the mites were treated with LC20 concentrations of lufenuron at the egg or deutonymph stages, respectively. After eggs were treated with lufenuron, the immature stage and longevity were also affected, and resulted in a significant increase in r, R0 and λ. After exposure of female adults to LC20 of lufenuron, the fecundity and longevity of F0 generation significantly decreased by 31.99% and 10.94%, respectively. Furthermore, the expression level of EcR and Vg was significantly inhibited upon mites was treated with lufenuron. However, lufenuron exposure has a positive effect on fecundity and R0 in F1 generation, the expression of all reproduction-related genes was significantly up-regulated. In conclusion, there was a stimulating effect on the offspring population. Our results will contribute to the assessment of the resurgence of P. citri in the field after the application of lufenuron and the development of integrated pest control strategies in citrus orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Deng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Chuan-Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yu-Chuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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14
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Lisi F, Mansour R, Cavallaro C, Alınç T, Porcu E, Ricupero M, Zappalà L, Desneux N, Biondi A. Sublethal effects of nine insecticides on Drosophila suzukii and its major pupal parasitoid Trichopria drosophilae. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:5003-5014. [PMID: 37548138 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the pupal parasitoid Trichopria drosophilae is used in conservative and augmentative biocontrol of Drosophila suzukii infestations, current pest management strategies mostly rely on multiple insecticide applications. In this context, the aim of the study was to investigate the baseline toxicity of nine insecticides on D. suzukii larvae and their multiple sublethal effects (LC10 ) on immature stages of the pest feeding on contaminated diet and T. drosophilae developing within the intoxicated host. RESULTS Chlorpyriphos and azadirachtin showed the lowest and the highest LC10 , the values of which were 9.78 × 1013 and 1.46 × 103 times lower than their recommended label field rate, respectively. Among tested insecticides, imidacloprid, malathion and dimethoate were the only treatments that did not affect the juvenile development time of D. suzukii, while spinosad and the organophosphates chlorpyriphos and dimethoate did not influence fly pupal size. No sublethal effects were recorded on T. drosophilae degree of infestation (DI) and juvenile development time. On the contrary, cyazypyr and dimethoate negatively affected the success of parasitism (SP) and the number of progeny of the pupal parasitoid, in association with malathion for the first parameter and spinosad for the fertility. Compared to the untreated control, more female progeny emerged following azadirachtin exposure, while dimethoate caused the opposite effect. Imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin and spinetoram decreased hind tibia length of emerged parasitoids. CONCLUSION This study provides new insights on the (eco)toxicological profile of nine insecticides and new information needed to support the deployment of T. drosophilae in the field within the sustainable management techniques against D. suzukii. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Lisi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Ramzi Mansour
- Section of Biological Sciences, University of Carthage, ISEP-BG La Soukra, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Carmelo Cavallaro
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Tuğcan Alınç
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Emanuele Porcu
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Michele Ricupero
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Zappalà
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Biondi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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15
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Guo J, An J, Chang H, Li Y, Dang Z, Wu C, Gao Z. The Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Lambda-Cyhalothrin and Emamectin Benzoate on the Soybean Pest Riptortus pedestris (Fabricius). TOXICS 2023; 11:971. [PMID: 38133372 PMCID: PMC10747274 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11120971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Riptortus pedestris (Fabricius, 1775) (Hemiptera: Alydidae) is a major soybean pest in East Asia that can cause soybean staygreen syndrome. To date, no insecticides have been registered for the control of R. pedestris in China, and these insects are primarily controlled in the field through the application of broad-spectrum insecticides including lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) and emamectin benzoate (EMB). Here, the lethal and sublethal effects of LCT and EMB on R. pedestris were comprehensively evaluated. LCT and EMB were both found to exhibit high levels of toxicity and concentration-dependent repellent effects for R. pedestris. The exposure of third instar nymphs from the F0 generation to LC30 concentrations of LCT and EMB resulted in a significant increase in the duration of nymph development and adult pre-oviposition period (APOP), together with reductions in fifth instar nymph and adult body weight, longevity, oviposition days, fecundity, vitellarium length, lateral oviduct diameter, and vitellogenin (Vg) gene expression as compared to control treatment. Strikingly, these suppressive effects were transmitted to the F1 generation, which similarly experienced the prolongation of preadult development and the preoviposition period (TPOP). Relative to control-treated populations, the F1 generation for these insecticide-treated groups also exhibited significant decreases in population parameter values. Overall, these data offer new insight into the impact that LCT and EMB treatment can have on R. pedestris, providing a valuable foundation for the application of these pesticides in the context of integrated pest management strategies aimed at soybean crop preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianglong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, China; (J.G.); (J.A.); (Y.L.); (Z.D.)
| | - Jingjie An
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, China; (J.G.); (J.A.); (Y.L.); (Z.D.)
| | - Hong Chang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Yaofa Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, China; (J.G.); (J.A.); (Y.L.); (Z.D.)
| | - Zhihong Dang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, China; (J.G.); (J.A.); (Y.L.); (Z.D.)
| | - Chi Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Zhanlin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, China; (J.G.); (J.A.); (Y.L.); (Z.D.)
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16
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Ji X, Jiang YT, Guo TX, Zhang P, Li XA, Kong FB, Zhang BZ. Sublethal effects of imidacloprid on the fitness of two species of wheat aphids, Schizaphis graminum (R.) and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294877. [PMID: 38011174 PMCID: PMC10681248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide that efficiently controls piercing-sucking mouthparts pests. However, the impact of low lethal concentration of imidacloprid on key demographic parameters of wheat aphids, Schizaphis graminum (R.) and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) has been scarcely studied. In this study, we used the age stage, two-sex life table approach to investigate the sublethal effects of imidacloprid on the biological traits of S. graminum and R. padi. Bioassays showed that imidacloprid possesses high toxicity to adult S. graminum and R. padi, with LC50 of 3.59 and 13.78 mg L-1 following 24 h exposure. A low lethal concentration of imidacloprid (LC25) significantly decreased adult longevity and total longevity of progeny generation aphids (F1) of S. graminum. Nevertheless, imidacloprid (LC25) had no significant effects on the fecundity and longevity of directly exposed parental parental S. graminum and R. padi (F0). Our results showed that the low lethal concentration of imidacloprid affected the demographic parameters that ultimately impact on the population of S. graminum. This study provides detailed information about the overall effects of imidacloprid on S. graminum and R. padi that might help to manage these two key pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ji
- Hebi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Henan Polytechnic University, Hebi, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Tai Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Xin Guo
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Pei Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China
| | - Xin-an Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China
| | - Fan-Bin Kong
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China
| | - Bai-Zhong Zhang
- Hebi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Henan Polytechnic University, Hebi, P.R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China
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Tabet DH, Visentin E, Bonadio M, Bjeljac M, Reyes-Domínguez Y, Gallmetzer A, Spitaler U. Efficacy of Insecticides against the Invasive Apricot Aphid, Myzus mumecola. INSECTS 2023; 14:746. [PMID: 37754715 PMCID: PMC10531954 DOI: 10.3390/insects14090746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The invasive apricot aphid (Myzus mumecola Matsumura) is an important pest of apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca L.). In the presented study, laboratory bioassays using treated leaf disks of apricot were conducted to test the efficacy of twelve insecticides according to the maximum field dose. Additionally, dose-response curves were established for selected insecticides, and the effects on colony development were evaluated. Furthermore, a field trial was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of commonly used insecticides in apricot cultivation. The dose-response curves showed LC50 values ranging from 0.08 mg/L for flupyradifurone, 0.15 mg/L for acetamiprid, 0.70 mg/L for etofenprox, 1.89 mg/L for sulfoxaflor, 2.64 mg/L for pirimicarb, 3.97 mg/L for deltamethrin, up to 6.79 mg/L for tau-fluvalinate. These aforementioned insecticides resulted in mortality rates ranging from 95 to 100% at the field dose. Azadirachtin, flonicamid, and pyrethrins showed mortality rates of 27 to 45%. Spirotetramat reduced the colony development and decreased the number of infested shoots by 86%. Spinosad, which is not recommended against aphids, showed minimal impact; reducing the number of exuviae in nymphs in the colony development bioassay. It can be concluded that the majority of the tested insecticides are effective against M. mumecola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania H. Tabet
- Institute for Plant Health, Laimburg Research Centre, 39040 Auer (Ora), Italy; (D.H.T.); (E.V.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (Y.R.-D.); (A.G.)
| | - Edoardo Visentin
- Institute for Plant Health, Laimburg Research Centre, 39040 Auer (Ora), Italy; (D.H.T.); (E.V.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (Y.R.-D.); (A.G.)
| | - Martina Bonadio
- Institute for Plant Health, Laimburg Research Centre, 39040 Auer (Ora), Italy; (D.H.T.); (E.V.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (Y.R.-D.); (A.G.)
| | - Marko Bjeljac
- Institute for Plant Health, Laimburg Research Centre, 39040 Auer (Ora), Italy; (D.H.T.); (E.V.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (Y.R.-D.); (A.G.)
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100 Bozen (Bolzano), Italy
| | - Yazmid Reyes-Domínguez
- Institute for Plant Health, Laimburg Research Centre, 39040 Auer (Ora), Italy; (D.H.T.); (E.V.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (Y.R.-D.); (A.G.)
| | - Andreas Gallmetzer
- Institute for Plant Health, Laimburg Research Centre, 39040 Auer (Ora), Italy; (D.H.T.); (E.V.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (Y.R.-D.); (A.G.)
| | - Urban Spitaler
- Institute for Plant Health, Laimburg Research Centre, 39040 Auer (Ora), Italy; (D.H.T.); (E.V.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (Y.R.-D.); (A.G.)
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18
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un-Nisa E, Ahmad M, Sheikh UAA, Imran M, Parveen N, Rahim J. Lethal and sublethal effects of flubendiamide and spirotetramat against the leaf worm, S podoptera litura(Fabricius) under laboratory conditions. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15745. [PMID: 37601256 PMCID: PMC10434074 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The leaf worm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a notorious insect pest of many economically important cultivated crops like cotton, maize, tobocco and vegetables causing severe economic losses from 50-100%. In most crops, damage arises due to voracious feeding by the larvae and leads to the skeletonizing of leaves. Toxicological studies were performed to estimate lethal and sublethal levels of flubendiamide and spirotetramat against S. litura. Effects of these estimated values were assessed on different biological traits of S. litura including life duration, survival and next generation potential. Both flubendiamide and spirotetramat showed toxic responses against second instar larvae of S. litura under laboratory conditions. Larval duration and survival rate of S. litura to were significantly different. Exposure to test insecticides resulted in negative effect on the demography of S. litura as longer life cycle and decreased fecundity. Changes in net reproductive rate and intrinsic rate of increase also helped to decide the fate of these insecticides. Low reproductive potential and low hatching percentage due to exposure to test insecticides can help to manage next generation of target pest. These two new chemistry insecticides can be recommended for their effective and long-term utilization against this important leaf feeder which may help its management and decrease economic losses faced by the growers. Their impact on larval duration and low survival rate at lethal levels guides about their potential in pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erum un-Nisa
- Department of Entomology, University of Arid Agriculture RawalpindiRawalpindiPunjabPakistan
| | - Munir Ahmad
- Department of Entomology, University of Arid Agriculture RawalpindiRawalpindiPunjabPakistan
| | - Umer Ayyaz Aslam Sheikh
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of PoonchRawalakotAzad Jammu & KashmirPakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of PoonchRawalakotAzad Jammu & KashmirPakistan
| | - Nighat Parveen
- Biology Department, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl-AinUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Junaid Rahim
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of PoonchRawalakotAzad Jammu & KashmirPakistan
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19
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Gul H, Ul Haq I, Ullah F, Khan S, Yaseen A, Shah SH, Tariq K, Güncan A, Desneux N, Liu X. Impact of sublethal concentrations of flonicamid on key demographic parameters and feeding behavior of Schizaphis graminum. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:756-767. [PMID: 37462788 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02682-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Flonicamid is a novel systemic insecticide that efficiently controls sap-sucking insect pests. However, the impact of sublethal concentrations of flonicamid on key demographic parameters and the feeding behavior of greenbug, Schizaphis graminum has not yet been studied. In this study, we used the age stage, two-sex life table approach, and electrical penetration graphs (EPGs) to investigate the sublethal effects of flonicamid on the biological traits and feeding behavior of S. graminum. Bioassays showed that flonicamid possesses high toxicity to adult S. graminum with LC50 of 5.111 mg L-1 following 48 h exposure. Sublethal concentrations of flonicamid (LC5 and LC10) significantly decreased the longevity and fecundity of directly exposed parental aphids (F0), while the reproductive days were reduced only at LC10. The pre-adult stage and total pre-reproductive period (TPRP) increased in F1 individuals after exposure of F0 aphids to the sublethal concentrations of flonicamid. Furthermore, the adult longevity, fecundity and key demographic parameters (R0, r, and λ) were significantly reduced in progeny generation (F1). EPG recordings showed that the total duration of phloem sap ingestion and concurrent salivation (E2) decreased substantially in F0 and F1 aphids after exposure to LC5 and LC10 of flonicamid. Taken together, our results showed that the sublethal concentrations of flonicamid affect the demographic parameters and feeding behavior that ultimately suppress the population growth of S. graminum. This study provides in-depth information about the overall effects of flonicamid on S. graminum that might help to manage this key pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Gul
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Insect Pest Management Program, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan Ul Haq
- Insect Pest Management Program, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ullah
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shanza Khan
- Insect Pest Management Program, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Yaseen
- Insect Pest Management Program, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Said Hussain Shah
- Insect Pest Management Program, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kaleem Tariq
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ali Güncan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ordu University, 52200, Ordu, Turkey.
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000, Nice, France
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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20
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Rigopoulou M, Rumbos C, Athanassiou C. Evaluation of the susceptibility of Alphitobius diaperinus meal to infestations by major stored-product beetle species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27602-0. [PMID: 37195619 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27602-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The projections for the production of insects as food and feed show an enormous increase for insect production in the near future, which will subsequently lead to the increase of the stored quantities of insect meals and related products. However, information on the susceptibility of insect meals to infestations by stored-product insects is rather limited. To this end, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential of major storage insect species to grow and reproduce on insect meals that are based on larvae of the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus. The progeny production of thirteen stored-product insects on A. diaperinus meal, as well as their instantaneous rate of increase, as a measure of population growth, was recorded for each species. Based on the results, six out of the thirteen examined insect species (A. diaperinus, Tenebrio molitor, Trogoderma granarium, Lasioderma serricorne, Tribolium confusum, and Tribolium castaneum) were able to infest pure A. diaperinus meal, as they grew well and developed progeny on the insect meal substrate. Tribolium confusum, T. castaneum, and especially T. granarium gave the highest progeny production numbers in the A. diaperinus meal with the latter giving an instantaneous rate of increase of 0.067. Expecting the upcoming increase in the production of insect-based products globally, further research in this field is needed for improved production and storage facilities, detection and estimation methods, and technologies to minimize insect infestations without causing negative effects to farmed insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Rigopoulou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str, 38446, Volos, Magnesia, Greece
| | - Christos Rumbos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str, 38446, Volos, Magnesia, Greece
| | - Christos Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str, 38446, Volos, Magnesia, Greece.
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21
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Yang J, Guan D, Wei J, Ge H, Cao X, Lv S, Zhou X, Zheng Y, Meng X, Wang J, Qian K. Mechanisms underlying the effects of low concentrations of chlorantraniliprole on development and reproduction of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:105362. [PMID: 36963952 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that sublethal dose of insecticides induces life history trait changes of both target and non-target insect species, however, the underlying mechanisms remain not well understood. In this study, the effects of low concentrations of the anthranilic diamide insecticide chlorantraniliprole on the development and reproduction of the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, were evaluated, and the underlying mechanisms were explored. The results showed that exposure of FAW to LC10 and LC30 chlorantraniliprole prolonged the larvae duration, decreased the mean weight of the larvae and pupae, and lowered the pupation rate as well as emergence rate. The fecundity of female adults was also negatively affected by treatment with low concentrations of chlorantraniliprole. Consistently, we found that exposure of FAW to LC30 chlorantraniliprole downregulated the mRNA expression of juvenile hormone (JH) esterase (SfJHE), leading to the increase of JH titer in larvae. We also found that treatment with low concentrations of chlorantraniliprole suppressed the expression of ribosomal protein S6 kinase1 (SfS6K1) in female adults, resulting in the downregulation of the gene encoding vitellogenin (SfVg). These results provided insights into the mechanisms underlying the effects of low concentrations of insecticides on insect pests, and had applied implications for the control of FAW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Daojie Guan
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiaping Wei
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Huichen Ge
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaoli Cao
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Susu Lv
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiangkun Meng
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Kun Qian
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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22
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Roy D, Biswas S, Sarkar S, Adhikary S, Chakraborty G, Sarkar PK, Al-Shuraym LA, Sayed S, Gaber A, Hossain A. Risk Assessment of Fluxametamide Resistance and Fitness Costs in Fall Armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda). TOXICS 2023; 11:307. [PMID: 37112534 PMCID: PMC10144201 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is one of the most devastating invasive polyphagous pests, which has attracted recent global attention by developing resistance to various insecticidal active ingredients with independent mode of action. Fluxametamide, a newly commercialized isoxazoline insecticide, is exceptionally selective towards several lepidopteran pests. The present study aimed to evaluate resistance risk in FAW to fluxametamide and the fitness costs associated with fluxametamide resistance. A field-collected and genetically mixed population of FAW was artificially selected through continuous exposure to fluxametamide. After successive selection of 10 generations, there was no obvious increase in the LC50 (RF: 2.63-fold). The realized heritability (h2) of fluxametamide resistance was estimated as h2 = 0.084 using a quantitative genetic approach. Compared with the susceptible F0 strain, the Flux-SEL (F10) strain of FAW displayed no significant cross-resistance to broflanilide, chlorantraniliprole, fipronil, indoxacarb, lambda cyhalothrin, spinetoram, and tetraniliprole, except emamectin benzoate (RF: 2.08-fold). Increased activity of glutathione S-transferase (ratio 1.94) was observed in the Flux-SEL (F10) strain of FAW, while the cytochrome P450 and carboxylesterase activities were not altered. The fluxametamide-selection significantly affected the development and reproductive traits of FAW with a lower R0, T and relative fitness (Rf = 0.353). The results alluded that the risk of fluxametamide resistance evolution in FAW is relatively lower; however, proactive implementation of resistance management approaches should be done to maintain the field efficacy of fluxametamide against FAW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Roy
- Dhaanya Ganga Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Sargachhi, Murshidabad 742408, West Bengal, India
| | - Sujan Biswas
- Dhaanya Ganga Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Sargachhi, Murshidabad 742408, West Bengal, India
| | - Sukamal Sarkar
- School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Kolkata 700103, West Bengal, India
| | - Samrat Adhikary
- Dhaanya Ganga Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Sargachhi, Murshidabad 742408, West Bengal, India
| | - Gautam Chakraborty
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, West Bengal, India
| | - Pijush Kanti Sarkar
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, West Bengal, India
| | - Laila A. Al-Shuraym
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Sayed
- Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Gaber
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akbar Hossain
- Division of Soil Science, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
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23
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Godói CTD, Campos SO, Monteiro SH, Ronchi CP, Silva AA, Guedes RNC. Thiamethoxam in soybean seed treatment: Plant bioactivation and hormesis, besides whitefly control? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159443. [PMID: 36252665 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Amid concerns on the myriad of existing chemical stressors in agroecosystems, pesticides and particularly neonicotinoid insecticides are in the forefront. Despite that, these neurotoxic compounds remain the dominant group of insecticides in worldwide use with the added versatility of use in seed coatings. Such use sparks environmental concerns counterbalanced by their reported insecticidal efficacy and potential plant bioactivation. Nonetheless, this alleged double benefit and interconnection expected with neonicotinoids has been little explored particularly when the whole plant phenology is considered. Regardless of the expected efficacy against targeted insect pest species, like whiteflies, neonicotinoids may spark dual effect on plants - negative at higher concentrations, positive at low concentrations, which is consistent with the hormesis phenomenon that may be expressed as a plant bioactivation. This effect may also cascade to the targeted insect species, what deserves attention. Therefore, soybean seeds treated with increasing concentrations of the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam were followed throughout their development in greenhouse, recording the plant response and yield, besides their effect in whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci MEAM1). Thiamethoxam application was correlated to leaf contents of thiamethoxam and its metabolite clothianidin. Plant hormesis was found for leaf area and root growth, but not for other plant morphological or physiological parameters, nor plant yield. The insecticide concentration-dependency compromised whitefly population growth without evidence of cascading any plant-mediated hormesis to the insects. Thus, although plant hormesis was recognized with thiamethoxam in treated soybean seeds in relevant parameters, no evidence of plant bioactivation was observed to justify its use with such a secondary objective, nor did this hormesis impair whitefly control.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T D Godói
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - S O Campos
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - S H Monteiro
- Unidade de Referência Laboratorial em Análise e Pesquisa de Contaminantes em Alimentos e Ambiente, Instituto Biológico, Av. Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves, 1252, São Paulo, SP 04014-900, Brazil
| | - C P Ronchi
- Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - Campus Florestal, Florestal, MG 35690-000, Brazil
| | - A A Silva
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - R N C Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil.
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24
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Collares LJ, Turchen LM, Guedes RNC. Research Trends, Biases, and Gaps in Phytochemicals as Insecticides: Literature Survey and Meta-Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12020318. [PMID: 36679031 PMCID: PMC9866902 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A 76-year literature survey and meta-analyses were carried out to recognize the trends, biases, and knowledge gaps of studies focusing on major groups of compounds of botanical origin, or phytochemicals, as insecticides. The survey found that the main phytochemicals prospected as insecticides belong to the following major chemical groups: terpenoids, terpenes, and carbonyl, all of which were tested, mainly against beetles (Coleoptera), caterpillars (i.e., larvae of Lepidoptera), and mosquitoes and other flies (i.e., Diptera). These studies are burgeoning at an exponential rate, with an evident focus on mortality endpoint estimates, but they are also neglecting sublethal assessments. China and India in Asia, as well as Brazil in the Americas, were responsible for most studies. The majority of the papers used stored grain insects as experimental models, which limits the applicability and representativeness of the findings. As a result, the main modes of exposure tested were fumigation and contact, which leads to the prevalence of estimates of lethal concentration in these studies. Therefore, a broader range of insect species deserves testing, with suitable modes of exposure identifying and characterizing the main molecules responsible for the insecticidal activity, which is seldom performed. Attention to these needs will circumvent current biases and allow the recognition of the main patterns of association between the origin and structure of phytochemicals and their insecticidal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara J. Collares
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 3657-900, MG, Brazil
- Neo Ventures, Rua Alameda Vicente Pinzon, 54, 9° Andar, Vila Olímpia, São Paulo 04547-130, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M. Turchen
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 3657-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Raul Narciso C. Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 3657-900, MG, Brazil
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25
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Duchet C, Mitchell CJ, McIntyre JK, Stark JD. Chronic toxicity of three formulations of neonicotinoid insecticides and their mixture on two daphniid species: Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 254:106351. [PMID: 36423469 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides represent nearly a quarter of the global insecticide market and are widely used in agriculture but also for lawn, garden care, and pest control. They are highly water-soluble, persistent in soil, may enter the aquatic compartment via spray drift, runoff, or leaching, and contribute to downstream aquatic toxicity. Although insects appear to be the most sensitive group to neonicotinoids, other groups, such as crustaceans, may also be affected. Furthermore, most studies focus on single-insecticide exposure and very little is known concerning the impact of neonicotinoid mixtures on aquatic invertebrates. The present study was designed to test potential toxicological effects of an environmentally relevant mixture of imidacloprid, clothianidin, and thiamethoxam on populations of Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia magna under controlled conditions. Chronic toxicity tests were conducted in the laboratory, and survival and reproduction were measured for both species under environmentally relevant, 'worst-case' concentrations for each compound separately and in combination as pesticides are often detected as mixtures in aquatic environments. The neonicotinoids did not appear to affect the survival of C. dubia and D. magna. Reproduction of C. dubia was affected by the mixture whereas all three individual insecticides as well as the mixture caused a significant reduction in the reproduction of D. magna. Our results highlight the complexity of pesticide toxicity and show that traditional toxicological approaches such as, acute mortality studies and tests with single compounds can underestimate negative impacts that occur in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Duchet
- Puyallup Research & Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, WA 98371, United States; Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic.
| | - Chelsea J Mitchell
- Puyallup Research & Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, WA 98371, United States
| | - Jenifer K McIntyre
- Puyallup Research & Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, WA 98371, United States
| | - John D Stark
- Puyallup Research & Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, WA 98371, United States
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26
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Jia B, Zhang J, Hong S, Chang X, Li X. Sublethal effects of chlorfenapyr on Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:88-96. [PMID: 36087295 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.), is the most destructive pest of cruciferous vegetables worldwide. Chlorfenapyr is an important insecticide for controlling DBM. The impacts of three sublethal doses (LC1 , LC10 and LC30 ) of chlorfenapyr on the chlorfenapyr-exposed DBM individuals and their unexposed F1 and F2 offspring were investigated in order to reveal the non-lethal deleterious effects of chlorfenapyr and its potential hormetic effects. RESULTS LC1 significantly increased female pupa weight of F0 and F1 generations, and F0 fecundity as well as F1 gross reproduction rate (GRR). The LC1 -elicited rise in emergency rate and fecundity was significantly greater in F0 than in F1 . By contrast, LC30 significantly decreased age-specific survival rates, pupation rate, male pupal weight, emergence rate and fecundity of F0 and F1 generations as well as female adult proportion and GRR, net reproduction rate (R0 ), intrinsic rate of increase (rm ) and finite rate of increase (λ) of F1 generation. The LC30 -induced reductions in pupation rate, adult emergence rate, male and female pupa weight, and fecundity were greater in F1 than in F0 . While LC10 elicited only a mild inhibition (extension of pupal duration) in F0 , it yielded both deleterious (drops in female proportion and age-specific survivals) and hormetic effects (ups in male longevity and female fecundity) in F1 . CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that the sublethal effects of chlorfenapyr on DBM vary from inhibition to stimulatory hormesis, depending on the dose and generation. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biantao Jia
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Shanshan Hong
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Xiaoli Chang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-carbon Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianchun Li
- Department of Entomology and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Iftikhar A, Hafeez F, Aziz MA, Hashim M, Naeem A, Yousaf HK, Saleem MJ, Hussain S, Hafeez M, Ali Q, Rehman M, Akhtar S, Marc RA, Syaad KMA, Mostafa YS, Saeed FAA. Assessment of sublethal and transgenerational effects of spirotetramat, on population growth of cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Front Physiol 2022; 13:1014190. [PMID: 36579021 PMCID: PMC9791945 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1014190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) is a devastating pest of cruciferous crops causing economic damage worldwide and notably owing to its increasing resistance to commonly used pesticides. Such resistance prompts the development of integrated pest management (IPM) programs that include novel pesticides being effective against the aphids. Spirotetramat is a novel insecticide used against sap-sucking insect pests, particularly aphids. This study evaluated the toxicity of spirotetramat to adult apterous B. brassicae after 72 h using the leaf dipping method. According to the toxicity bioassay results, the LC50 value of spirotetramat to B. brassicae was 1.304 mgL-1. However, the sublethal concentrations (LC5 and LC15) and transgenerational effects of this novel insecticide on population growth parameters were estimated using the age-stage, two-sex life table theory method. The sublethal concentrations (LC5; 0.125 mgL-1 and LC15; 0.298 mgL-1) of spirotetramat reduced the adult longevity and fecundity of the parent generation (F0). These concentrations prolonged the preadult developmental duration while decreasing preadult survival, adult longevity and reproduction of the F1 generation. The adult pre-reproductive period was also extended by spirotetramat treatment groups. Subsequently, the population growth parameters such as the intrinsic rate of increase r, finite rate of increase λ and net reproductive rate R 0 of the F1 generation were decreased in spirotetramat treatment groups whereas, the mean generation time T of the F1 generation was not affected when compared to the control. These results indicated the negative effect of sublethal concentrations of spirotetramat on the performance of B. brassicae by reducing its nymphal survival, extending the duration of some immature stages and suppressing the population growth of B. brassicae. Overall, we demonstrated that spirotetramat is a pesticide showing both sublethal activities, and transgenerational effects on cabbage aphid; it may be useful for implementation in IPM programs against this aphid pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Iftikhar
- Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan,*Correspondence: Ayesha Iftikhar, ; Muhammad Hafeez,
| | - Faisal Hafeez
- Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Aziz
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Crop and Food Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hashim
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Afifa Naeem
- Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Jawad Saleem
- Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sabir Hussain
- Department of Agriculture, Mir Chakar Khan Rind University, Sibi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Ayesha Iftikhar, ; Muhammad Hafeez,
| | - Qurban Ali
- Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muzammal Rehman
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Sumreen Akhtar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Khalid M. Al Syaad
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yassor Sabry Mostafa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah A. Al Saeed
- Department of Biology, Saudi Arabia Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Stark JD, Qiao M, Banks JE. Toxicity of Chlorantraniliprole and it's Formulated Product, Altacor®, to Individuals and Populations of Ceriodaphnia Dubia Richard. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 109:996-1000. [PMID: 36074128 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of the insecticide chlorantraniliprole and its formulated product Altacor® was determined for the Cladoceran, Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard. Acute toxicity (48 h) and 21 d population studies were conducted. The hypothesis of this study was that these two compounds would have different toxicities. We conducted acute and chronic toxicity studies for each compound and compared the results to test this hypothesis. 48 h LC50s (95% CL) for chlorantraniliprole and Altacor® were 8.5 (6.6-11.5) and 6.0 (3.7-9.0) µg chlorantraniliprole/L water, respectively. Therefore, chlorantraniliprole and Altacor® were equitoxic to C. dubia at LC50 based on overlap of the 95% CL. In the population study, chlorantraniliprole and Altacor® concentrations equivalent to the acute LC5, 10, 25, and 50 for each product were evaluated on populations of C. dubia. Number of individuals after 21 d was the endpoint evaluated. T-tests conducted at each LC value indicated that there was no significant difference in population size between these two products at each LC value evaluated. Previous studies show that toxicity can vary greatly between formulated and technical grade pesticides. However, our results show that chlorantraniliprole and its formulated product, Altacor® were equally toxic to C. dubia. Therefore, making assumptions about the toxicity of formulated and unformulated products is ill advised.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Stark
- Ecotoxicology Program, Department of Entomology, Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, 98371, Puyallup, WA, USA.
| | - Mu Qiao
- Ecotoxicology Program, Department of Entomology, Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, 98371, Puyallup, WA, USA
| | - John E Banks
- California State University, Monterey Bay 100 Campus Center, 93955, Seaside, CA, USA
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Deans C, Hutchison WD. Hormetic and transgenerational effects in spotted-wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in response to three commonly-used insecticides. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271417. [PMID: 35862486 PMCID: PMC9302851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although insecticide formulations and spray rates are optimized to achieve lethal exposure, there are many factors in agricultural settings that can reduce the effective exposure of insect pests. These include weather patterns, timing of application, chemical degradation/volatilization, plant structural complexity, and resistant populations. While sub-lethal exposure to insecticides can still have negative impacts on pest populations, they can also lead to stimulatory, or hormetic, responses that can increase the fitness of surviving insects. Sub-lethal concentrations may also produce increased tolerance in the offspring of surviving adults through transgenerational effects. Sub-lethal effects are pertinent for the invasive fruit pest, spotted-wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), because its small size, diurnal movement patterns, and utilization of hosts with complex plant structures, such as caneberries and blueberries, make effective insecticide applications tenuous. In this study, we measured spotted-wing Drosophila survivorship, reproductive performance, and offspring tolerance in flies exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of three commonly-used insecticides (zeta-cypermethrin, spinetoram, and pyrethrin). We found some evidence for hormesis, with survival effects being sex- and concentration-dependent for all insecticides. Males were far more susceptible to insecticides than females, which in some cases exhibited higher eclosion success and reproductive rates when exposed to sub-lethal doses. We did not observe significant transgenerational effects at sub-lethal concentrations, despite trends of increased offspring viability for zeta-cypermethrin and spinetoram. More research, however, is needed to fully understand the role that sub-lethal effects may play in pest population dynamics, insecticide efficacy, and the development of genetic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Deans
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
| | - William D. Hutchison
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
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Musa A, Međo I, Marić I, Marčić D. Transovarial toxicity matters: lethal and sublethal effects of hexythiazox on the two-spotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae). EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2022; 87:175-194. [PMID: 35867194 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-022-00733-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The effects of hexythiazox on life-history traits and demographic parameters of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) were evaluated using the age-stage two-sex life table (in fecundity-based and fertility-based variants), with emphasis on its transovarial toxicity. Hexythiazox was applied when T. urticae females were either in the preovipositional period or in the first day of oviposition. In the F0 generation bioassay, treatments with concentrations of 50, 12.5 and 3.125 mg/l significantly reduced the longevity of females and their fecundity. These effects were mostly the result of mortality of treated females (18-23%) over the 24-h exposure period. Even though the net reproductive rate (R0) decreased significantly, the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ) and doubling time (D) were not significantly different from the control. The strongest transovarial toxic effect occurred within the first 4 days following treatment, when 52-89% of the eggs laid by treated females (96% in control) hatched. Fertility was significantly reduced by concentrations of 50, 12.5, 3.125, 0.781 and 0.195 mg/l. These concentrations caused significant reductions in R0 (34-54%), r (12-24%) and λ (3-5%), whereas D was extended for 0.4-0.7 days. In the F1 generation bioassay, 50, 12.5, 3.125, 0.781, 0.049 and 0.012 mg/l caused significant reductions in R0 (34-92%), r (10-68%) and λ (3-17%), whereas extending D for 0.3-5.6 days. These effects were mostly the consequence of transovarial toxicity. Application of the fecundity-based life table underestimated population-level effects of hexythiazox on T. urticae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Musa
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Banatska 31B, P.O. Box 163, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Irena Međo
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Banatska 31B, P.O. Box 163, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Marić
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Banatska 31B, P.O. Box 163, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan Marčić
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Banatska 31B, P.O. Box 163, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Wang L, Atlihan R, Chai R, Dong Y, Luo C, Hu Z. Assessment of Non-Consumptive Predation Risk of Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on the Population Growth of Sitobion miscanthi (Hemiptera: Aphididae). INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13060524. [PMID: 35735862 PMCID: PMC9224950 DOI: 10.3390/insects13060524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Changes in prey biology driven by predation threats that do not involve direct consumption are referred to as non-consumptive effects (NCEs). In general, NCEs are considered common and can affect herbivores sometimes stronger than the direct consumptive effects. However, how the NCEs of predators affect the development, survival, fecundity, and population growth of prey has not been well documented, which is the primary consideration for the compatibility of prey with its natural enemies in agricultural ecosystems. We examined the NCEs of the predator Coccinella septempunctata on the life-history traits and population growth of Sitobion miscanthi via caged predator (i.e., S. miscanthi co-existed with caged C. septempunctata) and caged prey (i.e., C. septempunctata co-existed with caged S. miscanthi) treatments by employing the age-stage, two-sex life table. The findings indicate that S. miscanthi could respond to the predation risk of caged predators by either accelerating the developmental rate or reducing the net reproductive rate, while S. miscanthi might reduce their fitness in response to the predation risk of caged prey. Furthermore, S. miscanthi might also increase the number of winged morphs under both of the above treatments. The results have practical ramifications on managing this economically important pest on wheat production with reduced insecticide applications. Abstract How the non-consumptive effects (NCEs) of predators influence the development, survival, fecundity, and population growth of prey has not been well documented, which is the primary consideration for the compatibility of prey with its natural enemies in agricultural ecosystems. We herein employed the age-stage, two-sex life table to examine the NCEs of the predator Coccinella septempunctata on the life-history traits and population growth of prey Sitobion miscanthi via caged predator (prey co-existing with caged predator) and caged prey (predator co-existing with caged prey) treatments with daily different exposure times (i.e., 0 h (control), 12 h, and 24 h). The results indicated that the predation risk of a caged predator could reduce the first nymphal duration and net reproductive rate (R0) of S. miscanthi at 12 h, and the first nymphal duration, preadult duration, and mean generation time (T) at 24 h. However, the predation risk of the caged prey resulted in the prolongation of the pre-adult development time and total pre-reproductive period (TPRP) as well as lowered the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (𝜆), R0, life expectancy, and reproductive value of S. miscanthi after both 12 h and 24 h. Furthermore, the predation risk of both the caged predator and caged prey could increase the percent of winged morph at 24 h. These findings indicate that S. miscanthi could respond to the predation risk of the caged predator by either accelerating the developmental rate or reducing the net reproductive rate, while S. miscanthi might reduce their fitness in response to the predation risk of caged prey. Furthermore, S. miscanthi might also alter to winged morphs for dispersal under both of the above treatments. The findings obtained have practical ramifications for managing this economically important pest in wheat production with reduced insecticide applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (L.W.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Remzi Atlihan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65080 Van, Turkey;
| | - Ruirui Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (L.W.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Yao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (L.W.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Chen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (L.W.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Zuqing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (L.W.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-29-8708-2710
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Larras F, Charles S, Chaumot A, Pelosi C, Le Gall M, Mamy L, Beaudouin R. A critical review of effect modeling for ecological risk assessment of plant protection products. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:43448-43500. [PMID: 35391640 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19111-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A wide diversity of plant protection products (PPP) is used for crop protection leading to the contamination of soil, water, and air, which can have ecotoxicological impacts on living organisms. It is inconceivable to study the effects of each compound on each species from each compartment, experimental studies being time consuming and cost prohibitive, and animal testing having to be avoided. Therefore, numerous models are developed to assess PPP ecotoxicological effects. Our objective was to provide an overview of the modeling approaches enabling the assessment of PPP effects (including biopesticides) on the biota. Six categories of models were inventoried: (Q)SAR, DR and TKTD, population, multi-species, landscape, and mixture models. They were developed for various species (terrestrial and aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates, primary producers, micro-organisms) belonging to diverse environmental compartments, to address different goals (e.g., species sensitivity or PPP bioaccumulation assessment, ecosystem services protection). Among them, mechanistic models are increasingly recognized by EFSA for PPP regulatory risk assessment but, to date, remain not considered in notified guidance documents. The strengths and limits of the reviewed models are discussed together with improvement avenues (multigenerational effects, multiple biotic and abiotic stressors). This review also underlines a lack of model testing by means of field data and of sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. Accurate and robust modeling of PPP effects and other stressors on living organisms, from their application in the field to their functional consequences on the ecosystems at different scales of time and space, would help going toward a more sustainable management of the environment. Graphical Abstract Combination of the keyword lists composing the first bibliographic query. Columns were joined together with the logical operator AND. All keyword lists are available in Supplementary Information at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5775038 (Larras et al. 2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriane Larras
- INRAE, Directorate for Collective Scientific Assessment, Foresight and Advanced Studies, Paris, 75338, France
| | - Sandrine Charles
- University of Lyon, University Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5558, Laboratory of Biometry and Evolutionary Biology, Villeurbanne Cedex, 69622, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology laboratory, Villeurbanne, F-69625, France
| | - Céline Pelosi
- Avignon University, INRAE, UMR EMMAH, Avignon, 84000, France
| | - Morgane Le Gall
- Ifremer, Information Scientifique et Technique, Bibliothèque La Pérouse, Plouzané, 29280, France
| | - Laure Mamy
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, Thiverval-Grignon, 78850, France
| | - Rémy Beaudouin
- Ineris, Experimental Toxicology and Modelling Unit, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Verneuil en Halatte, 65550, France.
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Janssen A, Fonseca MM, Marcossi I, Kalile MO, Cardoso AC, Walerius AH, Hanel A, Marques V, Ferla JJ, Farias V, Carbajal PAF, Pallini A, Nachman G. Estimating intrinsic growth rates of arthropods from partial life tables using predatory mites as examples. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2022; 86:327-342. [PMID: 35286552 PMCID: PMC8967767 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-022-00701-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic rate of natural increase of a population (rm) has been in focus as a key parameter in entomology and acarology. It is considered especially important in studies of predators that are potential biological control agents of fast-growing pests such as mites, whiteflies and thrips. Life-table experiments under controlled laboratory conditions are standard procedures to estimate rm. However, such experiments are often time consuming and may critically depend on the precise assessment of the developmental time and the fecundity rate early in the reproductive phase. Using selected studies of predatory mites with suitable life-table data, we investigated whether and how measurements of growth rates can be simplified. We propose a new method for estimating rm from partial life tables, in which the researcher can choose a level of precision based on a stand-in measure of relative error. Based on this choice, the procedure helps the researcher to decide when a life-table experiment can be terminated. Depending on the chosen precision, significant amounts of experimental time can be saved without seriously compromising the reliability of the estimated growth parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Janssen
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Evolutionary and Population Biology, IBED, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Italo Marcossi
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | | | - Andre Costa Cardoso
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | | | - Aldo Hanel
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Vinicius Marques
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Júlia Jantsch Ferla
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Vanessa Farias
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Paola A. F. Carbajal
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Angelo Pallini
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Gösta Nachman
- Department of Biology, Section of Ecology and Evolution, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Oliveira C, Orozco-Restrepo SM, Alves AC, Pinto BS, Miranda MS, Barbosa MH, Picanço MC, Pereira EJ. Seed treatment for managing fall armyworm as a defoliator and cutworm on maize: plant protection, residuality, and the insect life history. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:1240-1250. [PMID: 34850531 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The highly polyphagous and invasive fall armyworm (FAW, Spodoptera frugiperda) can feed on different plant parts of host crops, damaging whorls and stalks in early maize growth stages. Systemic insecticide seed treatment (IST) could minimize this damage, although the residual efficacy may vary with the plant tissue damaged. Using damage rating scales and artificial infestation in controlled conditions, we determined the potential of IST against FAW attacking maize whorl leaves or the stalk base. RESULTS Chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, or thiodicarb + imidacloprid IST similarly killed > 80% FAWs for 1 or 2 weeks after plant emergence depending on the plant tissue attacked. The residual efficacy (i.e. time after plant emergence sustaining > 80% larval mortality) lasted from the first to the eleventh day (VE-V3 maize growth stages), while for cutworm on the maize stalk base, it lasted 3-7 days after plant emergence (V1-V2 stages). In terms of damage, the ISTs lasted 15 days after emergence (V4 stage) for FAW on whorl leaves and 10 days (V3 stage) for FAW feeding on the stalk base. The larvae surviving on the seed-treated plants underwent sublethal effects in growth and development, reducing insect fitness. CONCLUSION Diamide or carbamate + neonicotinoid seed treatments kill FAW larvae on maize whorls or stalks in favorable edaphoclimatic and insecticide-susceptibility conditions. The cumulative impacts of systemic IST on aboveground insect pests go beyond mortality. The ISTs studied can be valuable against FAW in maize, for instance, to help protect varieties that may not express sufficient insect resistance in maize early growth stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Oliveira
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Silvana M Orozco-Restrepo
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Antônio Cl Alves
- Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Braullio S Pinto
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Morgana S Miranda
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Márcio Hp Barbosa
- Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C Picanço
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Eliseu Jg Pereira
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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Kheradmand K, Heidari M, Sedaratian-Jahromi A, Talaei-Hassanloui R, Havasi M. Biological responses of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) to sub-lethal concentrations of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2022; 112:70-77. [PMID: 34429185 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485321000523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) is one of the most important pests of agricultural crops with worldwide distribution causing considerable damage to different products. Application of chemical acaricides is one of the most important strategies used for the control of this pest. Entomopathogenic fungi, however, have been proposed as alternative control agents. In this study, sub-lethal effects (LC10 = 6.76 × 102, LC20 = 8.74 × 103, and LC30 = 55.38 × 103 conidia ml-1) of Beauveria bassiana strain TV on the life table parameters of T. urticae were evaluated under laboratory conditions. The results demonstrated that by increasing the concentration, a significant decline was observed in adult longevity of both male and female individuals. Total fecundity of T. urticae was calculated as 45.16, 36.28, 23.98, and 18.21 eggs in control, LC10, LC20, and LC30 treatments, respectively. Sub-lethal concentrations drastically affected the population parameters of this mite pest. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) ranged from 0.1983 to 0.1688 day-1 for the mites treated with distilled water and LC20 treatments, respectively. The net reproductive rate (R0) was affected by the sub-lethal concentrations (lower value at LC30 concentration: 11.19 offspring/individual). Considering the detrimental effects of B. bassiana on some biological parameters of T. urticae, it can be concluded that this product can be used to develop targeted interventions aimed at integrated pest management of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katayoon Kheradmand
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Heidari
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Reza Talaei-Hassanloui
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Havasi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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Shang S, Chang Y, Li WZ, Chang-Qing W, Peng-Cheng N. Effects of B-azolemiteacrylic on life-history traits and demographic parameters of two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2022; 86:61-71. [PMID: 34783937 PMCID: PMC8702512 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-021-00678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate sublethal effects of B-azolemiteacrylic on the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Female adults of T. urticae were exposed to LC10 and LC30 of the acaricide, and the effects on treated females and their offspring were evaluated. The results showed that the fecundity of F0 female adults treated with LC10 and LC30 of B-azolemiteacrylic was reduced by 30.9 and 39.2%, respectively. Longevity and oviposition period of the females were significantly reduced as well. The developmental duration of egg and deutonymph stage of the F1 generation were not significantly different from that of the control. The protonymph stage after LC30 treatment lasted significantly longer, whereas the larva, deutonymph and female stage were significantly shorter than the control. The oviposition period of the F1 generation was significantly shortened, the fecundity of each female decreased significantly, and the ratio of female-to-male was reduced too. Moreover, the average generation period of T. urticae after LC10 and LC30 treatments was shorter than that of the control, and the net production rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and finite rate of increase (λ) were all reduced by 33.3, 7.5 and 1.9% (LC10 treatment) and by 51.3, 14.8 and 3.6% (LC30 treatment), respectively. The population doubling time was prolonged by 7.5 and 14.8% after LC10 and LC30 treatments, respectively, compared with the control. These results indicate that B-azolemiteacrylic may effectively inhibit the development rate of the F0 and F1 populations of T. urticae, which will help design integrated strategies for the comprehensive control of T. urticae and rational use of pesticides in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suqin Shang
- College of Plant Protection, Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Yun Chang
- College of Plant Protection, Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wei-Zhen Li
- College of Plant Protection, Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wang Chang-Qing
- College of Plant Protection, Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Nie Peng-Cheng
- College of Plant Protection, Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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Liu X, Fu Z, Zhu Y, Gao X, Liu TX, Liang P. Sublethal and transgenerational effects of afidopyropen on biological traits of the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sluzer). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 180:104981. [PMID: 34955174 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), is a cosmopolitan agricultural pest and causes great damages each year. Afidopyropen is a novel insecticide with high efficacy against even the insecticides resistant M. persicae. However, the sublethal and transgenerational effects of afidopyropen on M. persicae is not clear. In the present paper, sublethal and transgenerational effects of afidopyropen on biological traits of M. persicae were determined based on the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. The afidopyropen was more toxic against M. persicae than other widely used insecticides, with LC50 of 0.086 mg/L. The treatment with LC5, LC15 and LC25 concentrations of afidopyropen remarkably reduced the longevity and fecundity of F0M. persicae by 15.9-64.4% and 24.3-76.7%, respectively, compared with those of the control. The life history traits of F1 generation including the pre-adult development time, mean total longevity, pre-adult survival rate, total pre-oviposition period and fecundity were significantly affected after treatment of the F0 with afidopyropen, and the population parameters, including the net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) were also remarkably decreased, while the mean generation time (T) was extended by 6.94%. Among four development and reproduction related genes investigated, JHEH was downregulated by 31.8-38.0% in the afidopyropen treated F0 generation, while the EcR and JHAMT were overexpressed and the Vg was significantly downregulated in F1 generation compared to the control group. All these data indicated that the afidopyropen had significant sublethal and transgenerational effects on M. persicae. These results provide insights into comprehensively understanding of the insecticidal effects of afidopyropen on M. persicae as well as the management of resistant M. persicae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Liu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhixiao Fu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Yanfei Zhu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Xiwu Gao
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Tong-Xian Liu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China.
| | - Pei Liang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Gregarines modulate insect responses to sublethal insecticide residues. Oecologia 2021; 198:255-265. [PMID: 34851452 PMCID: PMC8803800 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-05086-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Throughout their lifetime, insects face multiple environmental challenges that influence their performance. Gregarines are prevalent endoparasites in most invertebrates that affect the fitness of their hosts, but are often overlooked in ecological studies. Next to such biotic factors, a current common challenge is anthropogenic pollution with pesticides, which causes a major threat to non-target organisms that are readily exposed to lethal or sublethal concentrations. In a laboratory study, we investigated whether the presence of gregarines modulates the food consumption and life history traits of a (non-target) leaf beetle species, Phaedon cochleariae, in response to sublethal insecticide exposure. We show that the larval food consumption of the herbivore was neither affected by gregarine infection nor sublethal insecticide exposure. Nevertheless, infection with gregarines led to a delayed development, while insecticide exposure resulted in a lower body mass of adult males and a reduced reproduction of females. Individuals exposed to both challenges suffered most, as they had the lowest survival probability. This indicates detrimental effects on the population dynamics of non-target insects infected with naturally occurring gregarines that face additional stress from agrochemical pollution. Moreover, we found that the infection load with gregarines was higher in individuals exposed to sublethal insecticide concentrations compared to unexposed individuals. To counteract the global decline of insects, the potential of natural parasite infections in modulating insect responses to anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic environmental factors should be considered in ecological risk assessment.
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Khan MM, Ali MW, Hafeez M, Fan ZY, Ali S, Qiu BL. Lethal and sublethal effects of emamectin benzoate on life-table and physiological parameters of citrus red mite, Panonychus citri. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2021; 85:173-190. [PMID: 34677719 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-021-00667-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The citrus red mite (Panonychus citri) is a challenge to manage in citrus orchards due to resistance against several pesticides. There is a necessity therefore to find new pesticides for effective control of P. citri. This study was designed to evaluate the lethal and sublethal effects of emamectin benzoate against P. citri. The results showed that the LC50 of emamectin benzoate to adults of P. citri was 0.35 (0.26-0.43) mg a.i. L-1 and the LC90 was 1.44 (1.16-1.96) mg a.i. L-1. The sublethal concentration exposures (LC10 and LC30) had a significant negative impact on the larval, protonymph, and deutonymph developmental periods. Male longevity was much lower in LC30 treatments than in the controls. Although female longevity was unaffected, the fecundity (eggs per female) was decreased in the sublethal concentration treatments. Results revealed that the adult pre-oviposition period (APOP) and total pre-oviposition period (TPOP) were increased. Other growth parameters r, λ, and R0 decreased, whereas mean generation time (T) increased due to pesticide exposure. The survival rate (Sxj), age-specific fecundity and net maternity, life expectancy (Exj), and reproduction (Vxj) was reduced by LC10 and LC30 exposure. An increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) contents with increasing emamectin benzoate concentration demonstrates that emamectin benzoate induces oxidative stress in P. citri. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD and catalase, CAT) was decreased due to LC30 and LC10 treatments compared to the control. Detoxification enzyme activity (cytochrome P450, glutathione-S-transferases, GST and acetylcholinesterase, AChE) was increased in treated mites compared to the control. This study demonstrates that emamectin benzoate has both a lethal effect on citrus red mite and sublethal effects on its biology and physiology. It is, therefore, potentially an effective pesticide for management of P. citri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Musa Khan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
| | - Muhammad Waqar Ali
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Muhammad Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Ze-Yun Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Bao-Li Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
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40
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Della Vechia JF, Zanardi OZ, Kapp ABP, Bassanezi RB, de Andrade DJ. Lethal and sublethal effects of insecticides on the survival and reproduction of Brevipalpus yothersi (Acari: Tenuipalpidae). EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2021; 85:191-204. [PMID: 34739615 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-021-00672-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The overuse of insecticides to control vector insects such as Diaphorina citri Kuwayama in citrus groves has altered the population dynamics of pest mites. Among phytophagous mites, population outbreaks of citrus leprosis mite, Brevipalpus yothersi Baker, have been increasingly intense and frequent in Brazilian citrus groves. Despite the great importance of the B. yothersi mite for citrus production, the lethal and sublethal effects of insecticides on this mite have not yet been studied. Therefore, in this study, the effects of insecticides commonly used for D. citri control on B. yothersi mortality, reproduction, and instantaneous growth rate were assessed. For this, two experiments were carried out, one under controlled conditions and another in a greenhouse. The insecticides tested were beta-cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, buprofezin, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, pyriproxyfen, and thiamethoxam at 0 (control), 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and twofold the recommended insecticide concentration for D. citri control. The pyriproxyfen insecticide provided high mortality of B. yothersi even at low concentrations. Furthermore, this insecticide negatively interfered with the reproduction of this mite. Beta-cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, buprofezin, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, and thiamethoxam, in the tested concentrations, showed low impact on citrus leprosis mite. Regarding the reproduction of the mite, no significant increase in fecundity was observed on B. yothersi females exposed to insecticide residues, regardless of the concentration tested. Therefore, the application of these insecticides in the management of pest insects is unlikely to promote an increase in the citrus leprosis mite population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Franciosi Della Vechia
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP/FCAV), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, S/N, Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Odimar Zanuzo Zanardi
- Department of Education, Research and Extension, Federal Institute of Santa Catarina (IFSC), São Miguel do Oeste, Santa Catarina, 89900-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Piai Kapp
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP/FCAV), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, S/N, Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Júnior de Andrade
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP/FCAV), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, S/N, Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
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41
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Schuijt LM, Peng FJ, van den Berg SJP, Dingemans MML, Van den Brink PJ. (Eco)toxicological tests for assessing impacts of chemical stress to aquatic ecosystems: Facts, challenges, and future. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 795:148776. [PMID: 34328937 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring of chemicals in the aquatic environment by chemical analysis alone cannot completely assess and predict the effects of chemicals on aquatic species and ecosystems. This is primarily because of the increasing number of (unknown) chemical stressors and mixture effects present in the environment. In addition, the ability of ecological indices to identify underlying stressors causing negative ecological effects is limited. Therefore, additional complementary methods are needed that can address the biological effects in a direct manner and provide a link to chemical exposure, i.e. (eco)toxicological tests. (Eco)toxicological tests are defined as test systems that expose biological components (cells, individuals, populations, communities) to (environmental mixtures of) chemicals to register biological effects. These tests measure responses at the sub-organismal (biomarkers and in vitro bioassays), whole-organismal, population, or community level. We performed a literature search to obtain a state-of-the-art overview of ecotoxicological tests available for assessing impacts of chemicals to aquatic biota and to reveal datagaps. In total, we included 509 biomarkers, 207 in vitro bioassays, 422 tests measuring biological effects at the whole-organismal level, and 78 tests at the population- community- and ecosystem-level. Tests at the whole-organismal level and biomarkers were most abundant for invertebrates and fish, whilst in vitro bioassays are mostly based on mammalian cell lines. Tests at the community- and ecosystem-level were almost missing for organisms other than microorganisms and algae. In addition, we provide an overview of the various extrapolation challenges faced in using data from these tests and suggest some forward looking perspectives. Although extrapolating the measured responses to relevant protection goals remains challenging, the combination of ecotoxicological experiments and models is key for a more comprehensive assessment of the effects of chemical stressors to aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M Schuijt
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Feng-Jiao Peng
- Wageningen Environmental Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Sanne J P van den Berg
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen Environmental Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Milou M L Dingemans
- KWR Water Research Institute, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul J Van den Brink
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen Environmental Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
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42
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Stark JD, Banks JE. A tale of two metrics: the EPA Risk Quotient Approach versus the delay in Population Growth Index for determination of pesticide risk to aquatic species. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:1922-1928. [PMID: 34382175 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The potential risk that two closely related insecticides, spinetoram and spinosad, posed to three Cladoceran species, Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia pulex, and D. magna was determined using two approaches, the USEPA Risk Quotient method and the Delay in Population Growth Index (DPGI). Results of the RQ method showed that spinetoram posed a risk to all three species, but spinosad posed a risk only to C. dubia. The DPGI analysis showed that exposure to spinetoram resulted in populations of all three species being delayed ≥ 3 generation times. Exposure to the LC50 and the lower 95% CL resulted in delayed populations while exposure to the upper 95% CL concentration of spinetoram resulted in no recovery of any of the three species over the course of the modeling exercise (88 d). Exposure to the lower and upper 95% Cl and the LC50 of spinosad resulted in C. dubia populations being delayed ≥ 3 generations. D. pulex populations were not negatively affected after exposure to spinosad. D. magna populations were delayed ≥ 3 generations, but only after exposure to the upper 95% Cl of spinosad. These results illustrate that although the EPA risk quotient method indicated that spinetoram posed a risk to all three species and that spinosad only posed a risk to C. dubia, the DPGI showed that D. magna would be negatively affected by spinosad and none of the three species would reach a predetermined number of individuals after exposure to the upper 95% CL of spinetoram. Because the DPGI uses the 95% Cl as well as the LC50 in its calculation and produces a measure of population growth it provides more detailed information in terms of the potential risk of pesticides to populations than the RQ method.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Stark
- Ecotoxicology Program, Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Research and Extension Center, Puyallup, WA, 98371, USA.
| | - John E Banks
- California State University, Monterey Bay 100 Campus Center, Seaside, CA, 93955, USA
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Kordestani M, Mahdian K, Baniameri V, Sheikhi Garjan A. Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Proteus, Matrine, and Pyridalyl on Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:1137-1144. [PMID: 34279589 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvab071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) is one of the most harmful pests of crops in greenhouses and fields. Considering the need for studies that introduce new insecticides for control of the WFT, the leaf dip method was carried out to study the acute toxicity of Proteus, matrine, and pyridalyl to adult thrips, and life tables were constructed to assess the impacts of sublethal concentrations (LC25) of these insecticides on the development and reproduction of the F1 generation. Bioassays showed that the toxicity of matrine (LC50: 45.9 µl ml-1) and Proteus (LC50: 54.5 µl ml-1) was higher than pyridalyl (LC50: 176.5 µl ml-1). At LC25 concentration, both Proteus and matrine prolonged the development period and reduced the survival rate of eggs, larval stages, and pupae in the F1 generation. Also, the adults' longevity, oviposition duration, and the cumulative number of eggs laid per female (fecundity) were decreased significantly. Sublethal concentrations of Proteus and matrine inhibited the population growth rate relative to the control based on the predicted number of offspring. The lowest net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), and finite rate of increase (λ) were estimated for Proteus (7.02 offspring/individual, 0. 0838 d-1, and 1. 08 d-1, respectively). In contrast, the WFT F1 generation that resulted from parent adults treated with pyridalyl was neither affected in their developmental time, nor fecundity, or the intrinsic rate of increase. According to our findings, all tested insecticides, especially Proteus, showed good potential for use in integrated pest management strategies against F. occidentalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Kordestani
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Kamran Mahdian
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Valiollah Baniameri
- Department of Plant Protection, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aziz Sheikhi Garjan
- Department of Plant Protection, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran
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Gul H, Ullah F, Hafeez M, Tariq K, Desneux N, Gao X, Song D. Sublethal concentrations of clothianidin affect fecundity and key demographic parameters of the chive maggot, Bradysia odoriphaga. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:1150-1160. [PMID: 34165677 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02446-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bradysia odoriphaga is a major insect pest that infests Chinese chive in northern China. Clothianidin is a second-generation neonicotinoid insecticide that is commonly used against B. odoriphaga. In this study, the effect of sublethal clothianidin concentrations (LC5 and LC10) on key biological characteristics of B. odoriphaga was investigated using an age-stage, two-sex life table method. Bioassays results showed that clothianidin exhibited high toxicity against B. odoriphaga with LC50 of 1.898 mg L-1 following 24 h exposure. The developmental duration of larvae was significantly increased when exposed to the LC5 (0.209 mg L-1) and LC10 (0.340 mg L-1) of clothianidin. No significant effects were observed on the pupal stage, adult pre-oviposition period (APOP), total pre-oviposition period (TPOP), and mean longevities of male and female. The oviposition period and fecundity of B. odoriphaga were reduced in clothianidin-treated groups. Moreover, key demographic parameters, including the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and net reproductive rate (R0), were significantly decreased by the LC5 and LC10 of clothianidin, while no effects were noted on mean generation time (T). Overall, this study showed that sublethal concentrations of clothianidin have a detrimental effect on B. odoriphaga developmental period, fecundity, and life table parameters. Therefore, clothianidin has the potential to suppress the population of B. odoriphaga even at sublethal concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Gul
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Farman Ullah
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Muhammad Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, P. R. China
| | - Kaleem Tariq
- Department of Agriculture Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000, Nice, France
| | - Xiwu Gao
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dunlun Song
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Sánchez-Bayo F. Indirect Effect of Pesticides on Insects and Other Arthropods. TOXICS 2021; 9:177. [PMID: 34437495 PMCID: PMC8402326 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9080177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides released to the environment can indirectly affect target and non-target species in ways that are often contrary to their intended use. Such indirect effects are mediated through direct impacts on other species or the physical environment and depend on ecological mechanisms and species interactions. Typical mechanisms are the release of herbivores from predation and release from competition among species with similar niches. Application of insecticides to agriculture often results in subsequent pest outbreaks due to the elimination of natural enemies. The loss of floristic diversity and food resources that result from herbicide applications can reduce populations of pollinators and natural enemies of crop pests. In aquatic ecosystems, insecticides and fungicides often induce algae blooms as the chemicals reduce grazing by zooplankton and benthic herbivores. Increases in periphyton biomass typically result in the replacement of arthropods with more tolerant species such as snails, worms and tadpoles. Fungicides and systemic insecticides also reduce nutrient recycling by impairing the ability of detritivorous arthropods. Residues of herbicides can reduce the biomass of macrophytes in ponds and wetlands, indirectly affecting the protection and breeding of predatory insects in that environment. The direct impacts of pesticides in the environment are therefore either amplified or compensated by their indirect effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Sánchez-Bayo
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Eveleigh, NSW 2015, Australia
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Simbula G, Macale D, Gomes V, Vignoli L, Carretero MA. Effects of pesticides on eggs and hatchlings of the Italian wall lizard (Podarcis siculus) exposed via maternal route. ZOOL ANZ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Moreno-Gómez M, Bueno-Marí R, Miranda MA. A Three-Pronged Approach to Studying Sublethal Insecticide Doses: Characterising Mosquito Fitness, Mosquito Biting Behaviour, and Human/Environmental Health Risks. INSECTS 2021; 12:546. [PMID: 34208127 PMCID: PMC8230870 DOI: 10.3390/insects12060546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/30/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, pyrethroids are one of the most widely used insecticide classes. In addition to serving as personal protection products, they are also a key line of defence in integrated vector management programmes. Many studies have assessed the effects of sublethal pyrethroid doses on mosquito fitness and behaviour. However, much remains unknown about the biological, physiological, demographic, and behavioural effects on individual mosquitoes or mosquito populations when exposure occurs via spatial treatments. Here, females and males of two laboratory-reared mosquito species, Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus, were exposed to five different treatments: three doses of the pyrethroid prallethrin, as well as an untreated and a negative control. The effects of each treatment on mosquito species, sex, adult mortality, fertility, F1 population size, and biting behaviour were also evaluated. To compare knockdown and mortality among treatments, Mantel-Cox log-rank tests were used. The results showed that sublethal doses reduced mosquito survival, influencing population size in the next generation. They also provided 100% protection to human hosts and presented relatively low risks to human and environmental health. These findings emphasise the need for additional studies that assess the benefits of using sublethal doses as part of mosquito management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Moreno-Gómez
- Henkel Ibérica S.A, Research and Development (R&D) Insect Control Department, Carrer Llacuna 22, 1-1, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén Bueno-Marí
- Laboratorios Lokímica, Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo (I+D), Ronda Auguste y Louis Lumière 23, Nave 10, Parque Tecnológico, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain;
- Área de Parasitología, Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnologia Farmacéutica y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
| | - Miguel. A. Miranda
- Applied Zoology and Animal Conservation Research Group, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemossa km 7,5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
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Shen N, Li Y, Leviticus K, Chang XL, Tang T, Cui L, Han ZJ, Zhao CQ. Effect of broflanilide on the phytophagous mite Tetranychus urticae and the predatory mite Typhlodromips swirskii. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:2964-2970. [PMID: 33624401 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch, is one of the most serious pests of agricultural crops. Broflanilide exhibits high lethality against various pests and has been marketed worldwide under the Vedira and Tenebenal brands in 2020. Nevertheless, little information has been reported about its effects on agricultural mites. RESULTS Broflanilide displayed higher toxicity to TSSM eggs (24 h LC50 , 1.015 mg L-1 ) and adult females (24 h LC50 , 2.062 mg L-1 ) than commercial acaricides, including cyflumetofen, bifenazate, and profenofos. In contrast, the adverse effects of broflanilide on the predatory mite, Typhlodromips swirskii Athias-Henriot, was lower than those of fenpyroximate and abamectin. In the sublethal effect study, while adult females were treated with broflanilide, the number of eggs and longevity were reduced in LC10 and LC30 treatments; when eggs were treated with broflanilide, the egg duration and deutonymph duration were prolonged in LC30 treatment. A significant decrease in the total life span and duration and fecundity of adult females was observed in LC10 and LC30 treatments. Furthermore, the number of eggs per adult female was significantly reduced from 103.48 ± 3.69 in the control group to 69.42 ± 2.22 and 48.33 ± 1.75 in LC10 and LC30 treatments, respectively. In the greenhouse bioassay, broflanilide 5% suspension concentrate (MCI-8007) showed excellent acaricidal activity to TSSM, with 99.22% corrected control, compared with the MCI-8007 untreated group. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that broflanilide has a high acaricidal activity to TSSM and significant inhibition to fecundity of adult female, and could be considered as a potential alternative for TSSM management. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Shen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yao Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Kipchoge Leviticus
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Li Chang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Tao Tang
- Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Li Cui
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Jun Han
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Chun Qing Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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Simbula G, Vignoli L, Carretero MA, Kaliontzopoulou A. Fluctuating asymmetry as biomarker of pesticides exposure in the Italian wall lizards (Podarcis siculus). ZOOLOGY 2021; 147:125928. [PMID: 34022741 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2021.125928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The extensive use of pesticides in agricultural environments produces drastic effects on wildlife, hence the need for less invasive indicators of environmental stress to monitoring the impact of agriculture treatments on biological systems. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA), as measure of developmental instability, has recently been proposed as reliable biomarker of populations stress due to environmental disturbance. We investigate femoral pores (FP) and dorsal head shape (HS) traits in populations of the Italian wall lizard inhabiting agricultural environments to examine whether different pesticide exposures (conventional, organic and control) can cause distinctive degree of FA. High-resolution photographs of FP and HS were taken in the field with a digital camera. The number of FP were counted twice on both sides and HS was analysed using geometric morphometrics with 25 landmarks and 12 semilandmarks. Individuals under conventional management showed higher levels of FA compared to control ones, and females exhibited higher FA levels than males for the FP. However, no significant difference was found for the HS trait. Our study provided evidence that FA may have a real potential as biomarker of population stress in wall lizards, highlighting the importance in the choice of the experimental design and the traits adopted for estimating DI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Simbula
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi 446, Rome, 00146, Italy.
| | - Leonardo Vignoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi 446, Rome, 00146, Italy.
| | - Miguel A Carretero
- CIBIO - Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, 4485-661, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, R. Campo Alegre, s/n, Porto, 4169 - 007, Portugal.
| | - Antigoni Kaliontzopoulou
- CIBIO - Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, 4485-661, Portugal.
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Zhou J, Du N, Li D, Qin J, Li H, Chen G. Combined effects of perchlorate and hexavalent chromium on the survival, growth and reproduction of Daphnia carinata. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144676. [PMID: 33485194 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) are common cocontaminants in aquatic environments due to their high water solubility, stability, mobility, and some coapplications. However, few studies have investigated their combined toxicity to organisms. In this work, we studied the acute and chronic toxicities of perchlorate and Cr(VI), alone and in combination, with survival, growth, and reproduction as endpoints using Daphnia carinata as a model organism. For a single contaminant, Cr(VI) was found to be more toxic than perchlorate to D. carinata not only in terms of survival but also in terms of growth and reproduction. In regard to the combined pattern, the interactive effects on survival, growth, and reproduction were mainly additivity, antagonism, and synergism, respectively, suggesting that the interactive response of perchlorate and Cr(VI) is endpoint-specific. Due to significant synergism, over 21 days of observation, the inhibition of 0.1 mg/L perchlorate and 0.2 mg/L Cr(VI) on cumulative offspring per female in the first seven broods reached 63.9 ± 3.6%, suggesting that long-term exposure to perchlorate and Cr(VI) at environmentally relevant concentrations may affect D. carinata reproduction in the natural environment. Our results will be significant for understanding the complicated combined toxicity of perchlorate and Cr to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ningning Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dongqin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junhao Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huashou Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guikui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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