1
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Yi X, He S, Wang S, Zhao H, Wu M, Liu S, Sun X. Detection of genetic variation and activity analysis of the promoter region of the cattle tRNA-modified gene TRDMT1. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:147-155. [PMID: 34084913 PMCID: PMC8162237 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-147-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The tRNA modification gene in eukaryotes is relatively
conservative. As an important modification gene, the TRDMT1 gene plays an
important role in maintaining tRNA structural maintenance and reducing
mistranslation of protein translation by methylation of specific tRNA
subpopulations. Mouse and zebrafish TRDMT1 knockout experiments indicate that it
may mediate growth and development through tRNA modification. However, there
are no systematic reports on the function of tRNA-modified genes in
livestock. In this study, Qinchuan cattle DNA pool sequencing technology
was used. A G>C mutation in the -1223 bp position upstream of
the TRDMT1 translation initiator codon was found. At this locus, the dual-luciferase assay indicated that different genotypes cause differences in
transcriptional activity (P<0.05). Our experiment detected a natural
genetic variation of a tRNA modification gene TRDMT1, which may provide potential
natural molecular materials for the study of tRNA modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Shuai He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Shuhui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Haidong Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Mingli Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Shirong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Xiuzhu Sun
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
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2
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Girodon E, Rebours V, Chen JM, Pagin A, Levy P, Ferec C, Bienvenu T. Clinical interpretation of SPINK1 and CTRC variants in pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2020; 20:1354-1367. [PMID: 32948427 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the description of the SPINK1 gene encoding the serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 and the CTRC gene encoding the Chymotrypsin C as being involved in chronic pancreatitis, more than 56 SPINK1 and 87 CTRC variants have been reported. Assessing the clinical relevance of SPINK1 and CTRC variants is often complicated in the absence of functional evidence and interpretation of rare variants is not very easy in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to review the different variants identified in these two genes and to classify them according to their degree of damaging effect. This classification was based on the results of in vitro experiments, in silico analysis using different prediction tools, and on population data, in comparing the allelic frequency of each variant in patients with pancreatitis and in unaffected control individuals. This review should help geneticists and clinicians in charge of patient's care and genetic counseling to interpret the results of genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Girodon
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires, Hôpital Cochin, APHP. Centre-Université de Paris, France
| | - Vinciane Rebours
- Service de Pancréatologie-Gastroentérologie, Pôle des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Université Denis Diderot, Hôpital Beaujon, APHP, DHU UNITY, Clichy, France; Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Pancréas, PAncreaticRaresDISeases (PaRaDis), France
| | - Jian Min Chen
- UMR1078 "Génétique, Génomique Fonctionnelle et Biotechnologies", INSERM, EFS - Bretagne, Université de Brest, CHRU Brest, Brest, France
| | - Adrien Pagin
- CHU Lille, Service de Toxicologie et Génopathies, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Levy
- Service de Pancréatologie-Gastroentérologie, Pôle des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Université Denis Diderot, Hôpital Beaujon, APHP, DHU UNITY, Clichy, France
| | - Claude Ferec
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Pancréas, PAncreaticRaresDISeases (PaRaDis), France
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires, Hôpital Cochin, APHP. Centre-Université de Paris, France.
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3
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Tang XY, Zou WB, Yu FF, Wang L, Ru N, Zhu JH, Li ZS, Liao Z. Meta-analysis of the impact of the SPINK1 c.194 + 2T > C variant in chronic pancreatitis. Dig Liver Dis 2020; 52:143-148. [PMID: 31401021 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The SPINK1 c.194 + 2T > C variant has been increasingly recognized as an important risk factor for chronic pancreatitis (CP). However, there is no clear agreement on its contribution to different ethnicities and CP etiologies. To address this issue, a meta-analysis of literature was performed. METHODS Studies addressing the presence of the SPINK1 c.194 + 2T > C variant in CP patients and controls were retrieved from the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases. Initial analysis included all CP patients, followed by subgroup analyses for East Asian and non-East Asian patients, and for idiopathic CP (ICP) and non-ICP. RESULTS A total of 13 studies were retrieved for analysis, comprising 2097 cases and 4019 controls. There were 126 cases (10.01%) carrying the SPINK1 c.194 + 2T > C variant in cases, while only two controls were carriers (0.05%). Overall, the variant was significantly associated with an increased risk of CP (OR = 25.73). In the subgroup, the variant was significantly associated with increased risk of CP in East Asians (OR = 73.16), and in non-East Asians (OR = 10.21). Further, the contribution of the variant in ICP (OR = 35.31) was found to be higher than in non-ICP (25.75). CONCLUSIONS The SPINK1 c.194 + 2T > C variant is a strong risk factor for CP, especially in East Asian patients with ICP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ying Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Bin Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Fei Yu
- Medical Service Research Division, The Naval Medical Research Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Ru
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-Shen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhuan Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Mayerle J, Sendler M, Hegyi E, Beyer G, Lerch MM, Sahin-Tóth M. Genetics, Cell Biology, and Pathophysiology of Pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 2019; 156:1951-1968.e1. [PMID: 30660731 PMCID: PMC6903413 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.11.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the first trypsinogen mutation in families with hereditary pancreatitis, pancreatic genetics has made rapid progress. The identification of mutations in genes involved in the digestive protease-antiprotease pathway has lent additional support to the notion that pancreatitis is a disease of autodigestion. Clinical and experimental observations have provided compelling evidence that premature intrapancreatic activation of digestive proteases is critical in pancreatitis onset. However, disease course and severity are mostly governed by inflammatory cells that drive local and systemic immune responses. In this article, we review the genetics, cell biology, and immunology of pancreatitis with a focus on protease activation pathways and other early events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Mayerle
- Medical Department II, University Hospital, LMU, Munich, Germany,Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Sendler
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Eszter Hegyi
- Institute for Translational Medicine, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Georg Beyer
- Medical Department II, University Hospital, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus M. Lerch
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Miklós Sahin-Tóth
- Center for Exocrine Disorders, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
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5
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Tang XY, Lin JH, Zou WB, Masson E, Boulling A, Deng SJ, Cooper DN, Liao Z, Férec C, Li ZS, Chen JM. Toward a clinical diagnostic pipeline for SPINK1 intronic variants. Hum Genomics 2019; 13:8. [PMID: 30755276 PMCID: PMC6373104 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-019-0193-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical significance of SPINK1 intronic variants in chronic pancreatitis has been previously assessed by various approaches including a cell culture-based full-length gene assay. A close correlation between the results of this assay and in silico splicing prediction was apparent. However, until now, a clinical diagnostic pipeline specifically designed to classify SPINK1 intronic variants accurately and efficiently has been lacking. Herein, we present just such a pipeline and explore its efficacy and potential utility in potentiating the classification of newly described SPINK1 intronic variants. Results We confirm a close correlation between in silico splicing prediction and results from the cell culture-based full-length gene assay in the context of three recently reported pathogenic SPINK1 intronic variants. We then integrated in silico splicing prediction and the full-length gene assay into a stepwise approach and tested its utility in the classification of two novel datasets of SPINK1 intronic variants. The first dataset comprised 16 deep intronic variants identified in 52 genetically unexplained Chinese chronic pancreatitis patients by sequencing the entire intronic sequence of the SPINK1 gene. The second dataset comprised five novel rare proximal intronic variants identified through the routine analysis of the SPINK1 gene in French pancreatitis patients. Employing a minor allele frequency of > 5% as a population frequency filter, 6 of the 16 deep intronic variants were immediately classified as benign. In silico prediction of the remaining ten deep intronic variants and the five rare proximal intronic variants with respect to their likely impact on splice site selection suggested that only one proximal intronic variant, c.194 + 5G > A, was likely to be of functional significance. Employing the cell culture-based full-length gene assay, we functionally analyzed c.194 + 5G > A, together with seven predicted non-functional variants, thereby validating their predicted effects on splicing in all cases. Conclusions We demonstrated the accuracy and efficiency of in silico prediction in combination with the cell culture-based full-length gene assay for the classification of SPINK1 intronic variants. Based upon these findings, we propose an operational pipeline for classifying SPINK1 intronic variants in the clinical diagnostic setting. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40246-019-0193-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ying Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Huan Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China.,EFS, Univ Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, 29200, Brest, France
| | - Wen-Bin Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Emmanuelle Masson
- EFS, Univ Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, 29200, Brest, France.,CHU Brest, Service de Génétique, Brest, France
| | - Arnaud Boulling
- EFS, Univ Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, 29200, Brest, France
| | - Shun-Jiang Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - David N Cooper
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Zhuan Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - Claude Férec
- EFS, Univ Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, 29200, Brest, France.,CHU Brest, Service de Génétique, Brest, France
| | - Zhao-Shen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian-Min Chen
- EFS, Univ Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, 29200, Brest, France.
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6
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Dominguez Gutierrez G, Kim J, Lee AH, Tong J, Niu J, Gray SM, Wei Y, Ding Y, Ni M, Adler C, Murphy AJ, Gromada J, Xin Y. Gene Signature of the Human Pancreatic ε Cell. Endocrinology 2018; 159:4023-4032. [PMID: 30380031 PMCID: PMC6963699 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The ghrelin-producing ε cell represents the fifth endocrine cell type in human pancreatic islets. The abundance of ε cells in adult pancreas is extremely low, which has hampered the investigation on the molecular pathways regulating the development and the function of this cell type. In this study, we explored the molecular features defining the function of pancreatic ε cells isolated from adult nondiabetic donors using single-cell RNA sequencing technology. We focus on transcription factors, cell surface receptors, and genes involved in metabolic pathways that contribute to regulation of cellular function. Furthermore, the genes that separate ε cells from the other islet endocrine cell types are presented. This study expands prior knowledge about the genes important for ε cell functioning during development and provides a resource to interrogate the transcriptome of this rare human islet cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinrang Kim
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Ann-Hwee Lee
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Jenny Tong
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - JingJing Niu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sarah M Gray
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yi Wei
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Yueming Ding
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Min Ni
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | | | | | | | - Yurong Xin
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
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7
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Nakashima Y, Miyagi-Shiohira C, Kobayashi N, Saitoh I, Watanabe M, Noguchi H. A proteome analysis of pig pancreatic islets and exocrine tissue by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Islets 2017; 9:159-176. [PMID: 29099648 PMCID: PMC5710700 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2017.1389826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is a proteome analysis method, and the shotgun analysis by LC-MS/MS comprehensively identifies proteins from tissues and cells with high resolving power. In this study, we analyzed the protein expression in pancreatic tissue by LC-MS/MS. Islets isolated from porcine pancreata (purity ≥95%) and exocrine tissue (purity ≥99%) were used in this study. LC-MS/MS showed that 13 proteins were expressed in pancreatic islets only (Group I), 43 proteins were expressed in both islets and exocrine tissue (Group I&E), and 102 proteins were expressed in exocrine tissue only (Group E). Proteins involved in islet differentiation and cell proliferation were identified in Group I (e.g. CLUS, CMGA, MIF). In addition, various functional proteins (e.g. SCG2, TBA1A) were identified in islet by using the new method of 'principal component analysis (PCA)'. However, the function of such proteins on islets remains unclear. EPCAM was identified in Group E. Group E was found to include proteins involved in clinical inflammatory diseases such as pancreatitis (e.g. CBPA1, CGL, CYTB, ISK1 and PA21B). Many of these identified proteins were reported less frequently in previous studies, and HS71B, NEC2, PRAF3 and SCG1 were newly detected in Group I while CPNS1, DPEP1, GANAB, GDIB, GGT1, HSPB1, ICTL, VILI, MUTA, NDKB, PTGR1, UCHL3, VAPB and VINC were newly detected in Group E. These results show that comprehensive expression analysis of proteins by LC-MS/MS is useful as a method to investigate new factors constructing cellular component, biological process, and molecular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Nakashima
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Chika Miyagi-Shiohira
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | - Issei Saitoh
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masami Watanabe
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Noguchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
- CONTACT Hirofumi Noguchi Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan
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8
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Abstract
Genetic investigations have provided unique insight into the mechanism of chronic pancreatitis in humans and firmly established that uncontrolled trypsin activity is a central pathogenic factor. Mutations in the PRSS1, SPINK1, and CTRC genes promote increased activation of trypsinogen to trypsin by stimulation of autoactivation or by impairing protective trypsinogen degradation and/or trypsin inhibition. Here we review key genetic and biochemical features of the trypsin-dependent pathological pathway in chronic pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Hegyi
- Center for Exocrine Disorders, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Evans-433, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Miklós Sahin-Tóth
- Center for Exocrine Disorders, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Evans-433, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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9
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Boulling A, Masson E, Zou WB, Paliwal S, Wu H, Issarapu P, Bhaskar S, Génin E, Cooper DN, Li ZS, Chandak GR, Liao Z, Chen JM, Férec C. Identification of a functional enhancer variant within the chronic pancreatitis-associated SPINK1 c.101A>G (p.Asn34Ser)-containing haplotype. Hum Mutat 2017; 38:1014-1024. [PMID: 28556356 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The haplotype harboring the SPINK1 c.101A>G (p.Asn34Ser) variant (also known as rs17107315:T>C) represents the most important heritable risk factor for idiopathic chronic pancreatitis identified to date. The causal variant contained within this risk haplotype has however remained stubbornly elusive. Herein, we set out to resolve this enigma by employing a hypothesis-driven approach. First, we searched for variants in strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) with rs17107315:T>C using HaploReg v4.1. Second, we identified two candidate SNPs by visual inspection of sequences spanning all 25 SNPs found to be in LD with rs17107315:T>C, guided by prior knowledge of pancreas-specific transcription factors and their cognate binding sites. Third, employing a novel cis-regulatory module (CRM)-guided approach to further filter the two candidate SNPs yielded a solitary candidate causal variant. Finally, combining data from phylogenetic conservation and chromatin accessibility, cotransfection transactivation experiments, and population genetic studies, we suggest that rs142703147:C>A, which disrupts a PTF1L-binding site within an evolutionarily conserved HNF1A-PTF1L CRM located ∼4 kb upstream of the SPINK1 promoter, contributes to the aforementioned chronic pancreatitis risk haplotype. Further studies are required not only to improve the characterization of this functional SNP but also to identify other functional components that might contribute to this high-risk haplotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Boulling
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1078, Brest, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) - Bretagne, Brest, France.,Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Brest, France
| | - Emmanuelle Masson
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1078, Brest, France.,Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et d'Histocompatibilité, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) Brest, Hôpital Morvan, Brest, France
| | - Wen-Bin Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Sumit Paliwal
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Hao Wu
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1078, Brest, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) - Bretagne, Brest, France.,Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Prachand Issarapu
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Seema Bhaskar
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Emmanuelle Génin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1078, Brest, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) - Bretagne, Brest, France.,Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Brest, France
| | - David N Cooper
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Zhao-Shen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Giriraj R Chandak
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Zhuan Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Min Chen
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1078, Brest, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) - Bretagne, Brest, France.,Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Brest, France
| | - Claude Férec
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1078, Brest, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) - Bretagne, Brest, France.,Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Brest, France.,Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et d'Histocompatibilité, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) Brest, Hôpital Morvan, Brest, France
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10
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize observations in clinical chronic pancreatitis in the past year. RECENT FINDINGS A predisposing genetic mutation was identified in 67% of cases of pediatric chronic pancreatitis. A novel susceptibility gene involving a hybrid allele is associated with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis. ABO blood type B and FUT2 nonsecretor status is associated with asymptomatic hyperlipasemia and chronic pancreatitis. Alcohol consumption impairs cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) activity leading to decreased bicarbonate secretion and patients with susceptible CFTR mutations can develop clinical pancreatitis. Computed tomography imaging findings in chronic pancreatitis correlate poorly with pain patterns. Endoscopic ultrasound features correlate poorly with fibrosis. Circulating epithelial cells are present in chronic pancreatitis patients but not healthy volunteers. Surgery is superior to endoscopic treatment in providing durable pain relief (>5 years). Repetitive pancreatic duct stent placements and chronic narcotic use are preoperative predictors of poor outcome after total pancreatectomy with islet cell auto transplantation. SUMMARY Novel genetic mutations for idiopathic chronic pancreatitis are being identified. Alcohol impairs CFTR activity and may explain a mechanism for pancreatitis. Current imaging modalities correlate poorly with clinical pain presentation and fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis. Novel imaging modalities are needed. As total pancreatectomy with islet cell auto transplantation grows, rigorous outcomes analysis is needed to drive patient selection.
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