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Sun ZC, Liao R, Xian C, Lin R, Wang L, Fang Y, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Wu J. Natural pachypodol integrated, lung targeted and inhaled lipid nanomedicine ameliorates acute lung injury via anti-inflammation and repairing lung barrier. J Control Release 2024; 375:300-315. [PMID: 39265826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a high-mortality disease caused by multiple disorders such as COVID-19, influenza, and sepsis. Current therapies mainly rely on the inhalation of nitric oxide or injection of pharmaceutical drugs (e.g., glucocorticoids); however, their toxicity, side effects, or administration routes limit their clinical application. In this study, pachypodol (Pac), a hydrophobic flavonol with anti-inflammatory effects, was extracted from Pogostemon cablin Benth and intercalated in liposomes (Pac@liposome, Pac-lipo) to improve its solubility, biodistribution, and bioavailability, aiming at enhanced ALI/ARDS therapy. Nanosized Pac-lipo was confirmed to have stable physical properties, good biodistribution, and reliable biocompatibility. In vitro tests proved that Pac-lipo has anti-inflammatory property and protective effects on endothelial and epithelial barriers in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages and endothelial cells, respectively. Further, the roles of Pac-lipo were validated on treating LPS-induced ALI in mice. Pac-lipo showed better effects than did Pac alone on relieving ALI phenotypes: It significantly attenuated lung index, improved pulmonary functions, inhibited cytokine expression such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and iNOS in lung tissues, alleviated lung injury shown by HE staining, reduced protein content and total cell number in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and repaired lung epithelial and vascular endothelial barriers. As regards the underlying mechanisms, RNA sequencing results showed that the effects of the drugs were associated with numerous immune- and inflammation-related signaling pathways. Molecular docking and western blotting demonstrated that Pac-lipo inhibited the activation of the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway. Taken together, for the first time, our new drug (Pac-lipo) ameliorates ALI via inhibition of TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB/MAPK pathway-mediated inflammation and disruption of lung barrier. These findings may provide a promising strategy for ALI treatment in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 55 N, Neihuanxi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Ran Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 55 N, Neihuanxi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Caihong Xian
- Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, Systems Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Ran Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 55 N, Neihuanxi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Liying Wang
- Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, Systems Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yifei Fang
- Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, Systems Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhongde Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 55 N, Neihuanxi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuntao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 55 N, Neihuanxi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jun Wu
- Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, Systems Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong, China; Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 999077, Hong Kong SAR.
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Zong YH, Cao JF, Zhao Y, Gao M, Chen WL, Wu M, Xu X, Xu ZY, Zhang XQ, Tang JZ, Liu Y, Hu XS, Wang SQ, Zhang X. Mechanism of Lian Hua Qing Wen capsules regulates the inflammatory response caused by M 1 macrophage based on cellular experiments and computer simulations. Acta Trop 2024; 257:107320. [PMID: 39002739 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The polarization of macrophages with the resulting inflammatory response play a crucial part in tissue and organ damage due to inflammatory. Study has proved Lian Hua Qing Wen capsules (LHQW) can reduce activation of inflammatory response and damage of tissue derived from the inflammatory reactions. However, the mechanism of LHQW regulates the macrophage-induced inflammatory response is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the mechanism of LHQW regulated the inflammatory response of M1 macrophages by cellular experiments and computer simulations. METHODS This study has analysed the targets and mechanisms of macrophage regulating inflammatory response at gene and protein levels through bioinformatics. The monomeric components of LHQW were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). We established the in vitro cell model by M1 macrophages (Induction of THP-1 cells into M1 macrophages). RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence were used to detect changes in gene and protein levels of key targets after LHQW treatment. Computer simulations were utilized to verify the binding stability of monomeric components and protein targets. RESULTS Macrophages had 140,690 gene targets, inflammatory response had 12,192 gene targets, intersection gene targets were 11,772. Key monomeric components (including: Pinocembrin, Fargesone-A, Nodakenin and Bowdichione) of LHQW were screened by HPLC. The results of cellular experiments indicated that LHQW could significantly reduce the mRNA expression of CCR5, CSF2, IFNG and TNF, thereby alleviating the inflammatory response caused by M1 macrophage. The computer simulations further validated the binding stability and conformation of key monomeric components and key protein targets, and IFNG/Nodakenin was able to form the most stable binding conformation for its action. CONCLUSION In this study, the mechanism of LHQW inhibits the polarization of macrophages and the resulting inflammatory response was investigated by computer simulations and cellular experiments. We found that LHQW may not only reduce cell damage and death by acting on TNF and CCR5, but also inhibit the immune recognition process and inflammatory response by regulating CSF2 and IFNG to prevent polarization of macrophages. Therefore, these results suggested that LHQW may act through multiple targets to inhibit the polarization of macrophages and the resulting inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun-Feng Cao
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | | | - Miao Gao
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | | | - Mei Wu
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | | | | | | | - Yulin Liu
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | | | | | - Xiao Zhang
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China.
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Woo MS, Cao DL, Kim EJ, Jeong YY, Kang D. Broncho-Vaxom Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Acute Lung Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7135. [PMID: 39000242 PMCID: PMC11241551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a condition associated with acute respiratory failure, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. It involves cellular changes such as disruption of the alveolar-capillary membrane, excessive neutrophil migration, and release of inflammatory mediators. Broncho-Vaxom® (BV), a lyophilized product containing cell membrane components derived from eight bacteria commonly found in the respiratory tract, is known for its potential to reduce viral and bacterial lung infections. However, the specific effect of BV on ALI has not been clearly defined. This study explored the preventive effects of BV and its underlying mechanisms in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI mouse model. Oral BV (1 mg/kg) gavage was administered one hour before the intratracheal injection of LPS to evaluate its preventive effect on the ALI model. The pre-administration of BV significantly mitigates inflammatory parameters, including the production of inflammatory mediators, macrophage infiltration, and NF-κB activation in lung tissue, and the increase in inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Moreover, BV (3 μg/mL) pretreatment reduced the expression of M1 macrophage markers, interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α, and cyclooxygenase-2, which are activated by LPS, in both mouse alveolar macrophage MH-S cells and human macrophage THP-1 cells. These findings showed that BV exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing inflammatory mediators through the NF-κB pathway, suggesting its potential to attenuate bronchial and pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seok Woo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Dang Long Cao
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi Yeong Jeong
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawon Kang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
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Zhang S, Zhao X, Xue Y, Wang X, Chen XL. Advances in nanomaterial-targeted treatment of acute lung injury after burns. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:342. [PMID: 38890721 PMCID: PMC11184898 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02615-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common complication in patients with severe burns and has a complex pathogenesis and high morbidity and mortality rates. A variety of drugs have been identified in the clinic for the treatment of ALI, but they have toxic side effects caused by easy degradation in the body and distribution throughout the body. In recent years, as the understanding of the mechanism underlying ALI has improved, scholars have developed a variety of new nanomaterials that can be safely and effectively targeted for the treatment of ALI. Most of these methods involve nanomaterials such as lipids, organic polymers, peptides, extracellular vesicles or cell membranes, inorganic nanoparticles and other nanomaterials, which are targeted to reach lung tissues to perform their functions through active targeting or passive targeting, a process that involves a variety of cells or organelles. In this review, first, the mechanisms and pathophysiological features of ALI occurrence after burn injury are reviewed, potential therapeutic targets for ALI are summarized, existing nanomaterials for the targeted treatment of ALI are classified, and possible problems and challenges of nanomaterials in the targeted treatment of ALI are discussed to provide a reference for the development of nanomaterials for the targeted treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Xue
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, P. R. China
| | - Xianwen Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, P. R. China.
| | - Xu-Lin Chen
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, P. R. China.
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Guo S, Wang D. Novel insights into the potential applications of stem cells in pulmonary hypertension therapy. Respir Res 2024; 25:237. [PMID: 38849894 PMCID: PMC11162078 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02865-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) refers to a group of deadly lung diseases characterized by vascular lesions in the microvasculature and a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. The prevalence of PH has increased over time. Currently, the treatment options available for PH patients have limited efficacy, and none of them can fundamentally reverse pulmonary vascular remodeling. Stem cells represent an ideal seed with proven efficacy in clinical studies focusing on liver, cardiovascular, and nerve diseases. Since the potential therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on PH was first reported in 2006, many studies have demonstrated the efficacy of stem cells in PH animal models and suggested that stem cells can help slow the deterioration of lung tissue. Existing PH treatment studies basically focus on the paracrine action of stem cells, including protein regulation, exosome pathway, and cell signaling; however, the specific mechanisms have not yet been clarified. Apoptotic and afunctional pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) and alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) are two fundamental promoters of PH although they have not been extensively studied by researchers. This review mainly focuses on the supportive communication and interaction between PMVECs and AECs as well as the potential restorative effect of stem cells on their injury. In the future, more studies are needed to prove these effects and explore more radical cures for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Guo
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Dachun Wang
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Lu L, Li J, Jiang X, Bai R. CXCR4/CXCL12 axis: "old" pathway as "novel" target for anti-inflammatory drug discovery. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1189-1220. [PMID: 38178560 DOI: 10.1002/med.22011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation is the body's defense response to exogenous or endogenous stimuli, involving complex regulatory mechanisms. Discovering anti-inflammatory drugs with both effectiveness and long-term use safety is still the direction of researchers' efforts. The inflammatory pathway was initially identified to be involved in tumor metastasis and HIV infection. However, research in recent years has proved that the CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)/CXC motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) axis plays a critical role in the upstream of the inflammatory pathway due to its chemotaxis to inflammatory cells. Blocking the chemotaxis of inflammatory cells by CXCL12 at the inflammatory site may block and alleviate the inflammatory response. Therefore, developing CXCR4 antagonists has become a novel strategy for anti-inflammatory therapy. This review aimed to systematically summarize and analyze the mechanisms of action of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis in more than 20 inflammatory diseases, highlighting its crucial role in inflammation. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory activities of CXCR4 antagonists were discussed. The findings might help generate new perspectives for developing anti-inflammatory drugs targeting the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuxin Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoying Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Renren Bai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Kryvenko V, Vadász I. Alveolar-capillary endocytosis and trafficking in acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1360370. [PMID: 38533500 PMCID: PMC10963603 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1360370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high morbidity and mortality but lacks specific therapeutic options. Diverse endocytic processes play a key role in all phases of acute lung injury (ALI), including the initial insult, development of respiratory failure due to alveolar flooding, as a consequence of altered alveolar-capillary barrier function, as well as in the resolution or deleterious remodeling after injury. In particular, clathrin-, caveolae-, endophilin- and glycosylphosphatidyl inositol-anchored protein-mediated endocytosis, as well as, macropinocytosis and phagocytosis have been implicated in the setting of acute lung damage. This manuscript reviews our current understanding of these endocytic pathways and subsequent intracellular trafficking in various phases of ALI, and also aims to identify potential therapeutic targets for patients with ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalii Kryvenko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Giessen, Germany
| | - István Vadász
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Giessen, Germany
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Tenfen L, Simon Machado R, Mathias K, Piacentini N, Joaquim L, Bonfante S, Danielski LG, Engel NA, da Silva MR, Rezin GT, de Quadros RW, Gava FF, Petronilho F. Short-term hyperoxia induced mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes dysfunction and oxidative stress in lung of rats. Inhal Toxicol 2024; 36:174-188. [PMID: 38449063 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2024.2322497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxygen therapy is an alternative for many patients with hypoxemia. However, this practice can be dangerous as oxygen is closely associated with the development of oxidative stress. METHODS Male Wistar rats were exposed to hyperoxia with a 40% fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) and hyperoxia (FIO2 = 60%) for 120 min. Blood and lung tissue samples were collected for gas, oxidative stress, and inflammatory analyses. RESULTS Hyperoxia (FIO2 = 60%) increased PaCO2 and PaO2, decreased blood pH and caused thrombocytopenia and lymphocytosis. In lung tissue, neutrophil infiltration, nitric oxide concentration, carbonyl protein formation and the activity of complexes I and II of the mitochondrial respiratory chain increased. FIO2 = 60% decreased SOD activity and caused several histologic changes. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we have experimentally demonstrated that short-term exposure to high FIO2 can cause oxidative stress in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Tenfen
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Richard Simon Machado
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Khiany Mathias
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Natalia Piacentini
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Larissa Joaquim
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Sandra Bonfante
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Lucineia Gainski Danielski
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Nicole Alessandra Engel
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Mariella Reinol da Silva
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Frederico Gava
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
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Silva AR, de Souza e Souza KFC, Souza TBD, Younes-Ibrahim M, Burth P, de Castro Faria Neto HC, Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque CF. The Na/K-ATPase role as a signal transducer in lung inflammation. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1287512. [PMID: 38299144 PMCID: PMC10827986 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1287512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is marked by damage to the capillary endothelium and alveolar epithelium following edema formation and cell infiltration. Currently, there are no effective treatments for severe ARDS. Pathologies such as sepsis, pneumonia, fat embolism, and severe trauma may cause ARDS with respiratory failure. The primary mechanism of edema clearance is the epithelial cells' Na/K-ATPase (NKA) activity. NKA is an enzyme that maintains the electrochemical gradient and cell homeostasis by transporting Na+ and K+ ions across the cell membrane. Direct injury on alveolar cells or changes in ion transport caused by infections decreases the NKA activity, loosening tight junctions in epithelial cells and causing edema formation. In addition, NKA acts as a receptor triggering signal transduction in response to the binding of cardiac glycosides. The ouabain (a cardiac glycoside) and oleic acid induce lung injury by targeting NKA. Besides enzymatic inhibition, the NKA triggers intracellular signal transduction, fostering proinflammatory cytokines production and contributing to lung injury. Herein, we reviewed and discussed the crucial role of NKA in edema clearance, lung injury, and intracellular signaling pathway activation leading to lung inflammation, thus putting the NKA as a protagonist in lung injury pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Ribeiro Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Thamires Bandeira De Souza
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Younes-Ibrahim
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Burth
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Cassiano Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Wu XY, Wang FY, Chen HX, Dong HL, Zhao ZQ, Si LF. Chronic heat stress induces lung injury in broiler chickens by disrupting the pulmonary blood-air barrier and activating TLRs/NF-κB signaling pathway. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103066. [PMID: 37769490 PMCID: PMC10539940 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As an important respiratory organ, the lung is susceptible to damage during heat stress due to the accelerated breathing frequency caused by an increase in environmental temperature. This can affect the growth performance of animals and endanger their health. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of lung tissue damage caused by heat stress. Broilers were randomly divided into a control group (Control) and a heat stress group (HS). The HS group was exposed to 35°C heat stress for 12 h per d from 21-days old, and samples were taken from selected broilers at 28, 35, and 42-days old. The results showed a significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in the serum and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the lungs of broiler chickens across all 3 age groups after heat stress (P < 0.01), while the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) was significantly enhanced at 35-days old (P < 0.01). Heat stress also led to significant increases in various proinflammatory factors in serum and expression levels of HSP60 and HSP70 in lung tissue. Histopathological results showed congestion and bleeding in lung blood vessels, shedding of pulmonary epithelial cells, and a large amount of inflammatory infiltration in the lungs after heat stress. The mRNA expression of TLRs/NF-κB-related genes showed an upward trend (P < 0.05) after heat stress, while the mRNA expression of MLCK, a gene related to pulmonary blood-air barrier, significantly increased after heat stress, and the expression levels of MLC, ZO-1, and occludin decreased in contrast. This change was also confirmed by Western blotting, indicating that the pulmonary blood-air barrier is damaged after heat stress. Heat stress can cause damage to the lung tissue of broiler chickens by disrupting the integrity of the blood-air barrier and increasing permeability. This effect is further augmented by the activation of TLRs/NF-κB signaling pathways leading to an intensified inflammatory response. As heat stress duration progresses, broiler chickens develop thermotolerance, which gradually mitigates the damaging effects induced by heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yue Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, PR China
| | - Fei-Yao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, PR China
| | - Hao-Xiang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, PR China
| | - Hui-Li Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, PR China
| | - Zhan-Qin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, PR China
| | - Li-Fang Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, PR China.
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Fan H, Wang Y, Zhao K, Su L, Deng C, Huang J, Chen G. Incomplete Knockdown of MyD88 Inhibits LPS-Induced Lung Injury and Lung Fibrosis in a Mouse Model. Inflammation 2023; 46:2276-2288. [PMID: 37606850 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01877-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening disorder stemmed mainly from an uncontrolled inflammatory response. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is commonly used to induce ALI animal models. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is the main receptor for LPS, and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is a key adaptor protein molecule in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway. Thus, MyD88 knockdown heterozygous mice (MyD88+/-) were used to investigate the effect of incomplete knockout of the MyD88 gene on indirect LPS-induced ALI through intraperitoneal injection of LPS. The LPS-induced ALI significantly upregulated MyD88 expression, and heterozygous mice with incomplete knockout of the MyD88 gene (MyD88+/-) ameliorated LPS-induced histopathological injury and collagen fiber deposition. Heterozygous mice with incomplete knockout of the MyD88 gene (MyD88+/-) inhibited LPS-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway activation, but TLR-4 expression tended to be upregulated. Incomplete knockdown of the MyD88 gene also downregulated LPS-induced expression of IL1-β, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, SMAD2, and α-SMA. The transcriptome sequencing also revealed significant changes in LPS-regulated genes (such as IL-17 signaling pathway genes) after the incomplete knockdown of MyD88. In conclusion, this paper clarified that LPS activates the downstream NF-κB pathway depending on the MyD88 signaling pathway, which induces the secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β/IL-6/TNF-α and ultimately triggers ALI. Incomplete knockdown of the MyD88 reverses LPS-induced lung fibrosis, which confirmed the vital role of MyD88 in LPS-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yanni Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Kaochang Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Chong Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering and Technology, Institute of Industrial Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Better Biotechnology LLC, Chongqing, China
| | - Guozhong Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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12
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Kosyreva AM, Miroshnichenko EA, Tsvetkov IS, Lokhonina AV, Sentyabreva AV, Dzhalilova DS, Fatkhudinov TK, Makarova OV. Morphofunctional Characteristics of Lung Macrophages in Rats with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 175:822-827. [PMID: 37979023 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05954-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive morphofunctional study of the lungs and alveolar macrophages was carried out in Sprague-Dawley rats with acute respiratory distress syndrome (n=10) induced by intratracheal administration of E. coli LPS 0111:B4 in a dose of 15 mg/kg. On the first day after LPS administration, bronchopneumonia was observed in the lungs, the number of macrophages of the bone marrow origin and the number of M1 macrophages with the proinflammatory phenotype in the bronchoalveolar lavage increased, the expression of proinflammatory cytokines increased and the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines decreased, which was accompanied by an increase in LPS and C-reactive protein in the blood serum. The revealed changes correspond to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans, and the decrease in the number of macrophages in the lungs and their predominant polarization to the M1-proinflammatory phenotype substantiate the use of cell therapy with reprogrammed M2 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Kosyreva
- A. P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B. V. Pet-rovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia.
| | - E A Miroshnichenko
- A. P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B. V. Pet-rovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - I S Tsvetkov
- A. P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B. V. Pet-rovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Lokhonina
- A. P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B. V. Pet-rovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Sentyabreva
- A. P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B. V. Pet-rovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Sh Dzhalilova
- A. P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B. V. Pet-rovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Kh Fatkhudinov
- A. P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B. V. Pet-rovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - O V Makarova
- A. P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B. V. Pet-rovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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13
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Kolomaznik M, Hanusrichterova J, Mikolka P, Kosutova P, Vatecha M, Zila I, Mokra D, Calkovska A. Efficiency of exogenous surfactant combined with intravenous N-acetylcysteine in two-hit rodent model of ARDS. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023; 316:104138. [PMID: 37579929 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2023.104138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of reactive oxygen species during hyperoxia together with secondary bacteria-induced inflammation leads to lung damage in ventilated critically ill patients. Antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in combination with surfactant may improve lung function. We compared the efficacy of NAC combined with surfactant in the double-hit model of lung injury. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instilled intratracheally and hyperoxia were used to induce lung injury in Wistar rats. Animals were mechanically ventilated and treated intravenously with NAC alone or in combination with intratracheal surfactant (poractant alfa; PSUR+NAC). Control received saline. Lung functions, inflammatory markers, oxidative damage, total white blood cell (WBC) count and lung oedema were evaluated during 4 hrs. Administration of NAC increased total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and decreased IL-6. This effect was potentiated by the combined administration of surfactant and NAC. In addition, PSUR+NAC reduced the levels of TNFα, IL-1ß, and TAC compared to NAC only and improved lung injury score. The combination of exogenous surfactant with NAC suppresses lung inflammation and oxidative stress in the experimental double-hit model of lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maros Kolomaznik
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Juliana Hanusrichterova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Mikolka
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Petra Kosutova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Martin Vatecha
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Zila
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Mokra
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Calkovska
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia.
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14
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Rissel R, Moellmann C, Albertsmeier V, Renz M, Ruemmler R, Kamuf J, Hartmann EK, Ziebart A. Clinical dosage of lidocaine does not impact the biomedical outcome of sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome in a porcine model. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15875. [PMID: 37637154 PMCID: PMC10448879 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is a common disease in intensive care units worldwide, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This process is often associated with multiple organ failure including acute lung injury. Although massive research efforts have been made for decades, there is no specific therapy for sepsis to date. Early and best treatment is crucial. Lidocaine is a common local anesthetic and used worldwide. It blocks the fast voltage-gated sodium (Na+) channels in the neuronal cell membrane responsible for signal propagation. Recent studies show that lidocaine administered intravenously improves pulmonary function and protects pulmonary tissue in pigs under hemorrhagic shock, sepsis and under pulmonary surgery. The aim of this study is to show that lidocaine inhalative induces equivalent effects as lidocaine intravenously in pigs in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis with acute lung injury. Methods After approval of the local State and Institutional Animal Care Committee, to induce the septic inflammatory response a continuous infusion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered to the pigs in deep anesthesia. Following induction and stabilisation of sepsis, the study medication was randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) lidocaine intravenously, (2) lidocaine per inhalation and (3) sham group. All animals were monitored for 8 h using advanced and extended cardiorespiratory monitoring. Postmortem assessment included pulmonary mRNA expression of mediators of early inflammatory response (IL-6 & TNF-alpha), wet-to-dry ratio and lung histology. Results Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was successfully induced after sepsis-induction with LPS in all three groups measured by a significant decrease in the PaO2/FiO2 ratio. Further, septic hemodynamic alterations were seen in all three groups. Leucocytes and platelets dropped statistically over time due to septic alterations in all groups. The wet-to-dry ratio and the lung histology showed no differences between the groups. Additionally, the pulmonary mRNA expression of the inflammatory mediators IL-6 and TNF-alpha showed no significant changes between the groups. The proposed anti-inflammatory and lung protective effects of lidocaine in sepsis-induced acute lung injury could not be proven in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Rissel
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christian Moellmann
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Victoria Albertsmeier
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Miriam Renz
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Robert Ruemmler
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens Kamuf
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Erik K. Hartmann
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Ziebart
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
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15
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Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang J, Ji X, Qi Q, Xu J, Pan Y, Liu X, Sun F, Zeng R, Dong L. Identification of a novel role for TL1A/DR3 deficiency in acute respiratory distress syndrome that exacerbates alveolar epithelial disruption. Respir Res 2023; 24:182. [PMID: 37434162 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02488-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial barrier is a potential therapeutic target for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, an effective intervention against alveolar epithelial barrier has not been developed. Here, based on single-cell RNA and mRNA sequencing results, death receptor 3 (DR3) and its only known ligand tumor necrosis factor ligand-associated molecule 1A (TL1A) were significantly reduced in epithelium from an ARDS mice and cell models. The apparent reduction in the TL1A/DR3 axis in lungs from septic-ARDS patients was correlated with the severity of the disease. The examination of knockout (KO) and alveolar epithelium conditional KO (CKO) mice showed that TL1A deficiency exacerbated alveolar inflammation and permeability in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ARDS. Mechanistically, TL1A deficiency decreased glycocalyx syndecan-1 and tight junction-associated zonula occludens 3 by increasing cathepsin E level for strengthening cell-to-cell permeability. Additionally, DR3 deletion aggravated barrier dysfunction and pulmonary edema in LPS-induced ARDS through the above mechanisms based on the analyses of DR3 CKO mice and DR3 overexpression cells. Therefore, the TL1A/DR3 axis has a potential value as a key therapeutic signaling for the protection of alveolar epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Jintao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Xiang Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Qi
- Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Yun Pan
- Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Fang Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China.
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16
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Gbotosho OT, Li W, Joiner CH, Brown LAS, Hyacinth HI. The inflammatory profiles of pulmonary alveolar macrophages and alveolar type 2 cells in SCD. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1013-1023. [PMID: 37012678 PMCID: PMC10581160 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231157940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The lung microenvironment plays a crucial role in maintaining lung homeostasis as well as the initiation and resolution of both acute and chronic lung injury. Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a complication of sickle cell disease (SCD) like acute lung injury. Both the endothelial cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells are known to secrete proinflammatory cytokines elevated during ACS episodes. However, in SCD, the lung microenvironment that may favor excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines and the contribution of other lung resident cells, such as alveolar macrophages and alveolar type 2 epithelial (AT-2) cells, to ACS pathogenesis is not completely understood. Here, we sought to understand the pulmonary microenvironment and the proinflammatory profile of lung alveolar macrophages (LAMs) and AT-2 cells at steady state in Townes sickle cell (SS) mice compared to control mice (AA). In addition, we examined lung function and micromechanics molecules essential for pulmonary epithelial barrier function in these mice. Our results showed that bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in SS mice had elevated protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-12 (p ⩽ 0.05) compared to AA controls. We showed for the first time, significantly increased protein levels of inflammatory mediators (Human antigen R (HuR), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), MyD88, and PU.1) in AT-2 cells (1.4 to 2.2-fold) and LAM (17-21%) isolated from SS mice compared to AA control mice at steady state. There were also low levels of anti-inflammatory transcription factors (Nrf2 and PPARy) in SS mice compared to AA controls (p ⩽ 0.05). Finally, we found impaired lung function and a dysregulated composition of surfactant proteins (B and C). Our results demonstrate that SS mice at steady state had a compromised lung microenvironment with elevated expression of proinflammatory cytokines by AT-2 cells and LAM, as well as dysregulated expression of surfactant proteins necessary for maintaining the alveolar barrier integrity and lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwabukola T Gbotosho
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Clinton H Joiner
- Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Lou Ann S Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hyacinth I Hyacinth
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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17
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Rissel R, Kirchner L, Renz M, Mohnke K, Riedel J, Ruemmler R, Hartmann EK, Kamuf J, Ziebart A. Resveratrol influences pulmonary mechanics and inflammatory response in a porcine ARDS model. Life Sci 2023; 319:121410. [PMID: 36681185 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Influencing the inflammatory response represents an important branch in ARDS research. The naturally occurring polyphenol derivative resveratrol has already been confirmed to have strong anti-inflammatory effects on the cardiac and metabolic system. In the present study, we investigated the propagated anti-inflammatory effects of intravenous resveratrol in a porcine ARDS model. MAIN METHODS 20 domestic pigs (30 ± 2 kg; approval G20-1-135), divided into three groups: 1. resveratrol high dose (HD; n = 8), single bolus of 20 mg/kg over 15 min. 2. resveratrol low dose (LD; n = 8), single bolus of 10 mg/kg over 15 min. 3. Vehicle (n = 4), with the carrier solution DMSO over 15 min administered after ARDS induction. ARDS induction: using BAL/oleic acid and a subsequent test period of 8 h. Measurement parameters: Hemodynamics/spirometry data were collected continuously, BGA/laboratory parameters repetitively. Post-mortem: analysis of pulmonary inflammatory markers. STATISTICS Two-way analysis of variance (repeated measurement) and Student-Newman-Keuls method. KEY FINDINGS Resveratrol HD significantly reduced the expression of TNF-alpha in lung tissue compared to the LD group (p < 0.05). A significantly increased functional residual capacity (FRC) could be demonstrated for the HD group at the end of the test (p < 0.05 for HD vs. LD/vehicle). Further, resveratrol HD reduced statistically the EVLWI compared to LD/vehicle (p < 0.05 at T4/T8). SIGNIFICANCE In this study, resveratrol HD ameliorated pulmonary mechanics as reported for the FRC and EVLWI. Further, the proposed anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol, a significant reduction in the expression of TNF-alpha was observed in the HD group.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Rissel
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Louisa Kirchner
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Miriam Renz
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Katja Mohnke
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Julian Riedel
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Robert Ruemmler
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Erik K Hartmann
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Jens Kamuf
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Alexander Ziebart
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
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18
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Kim Y, Bae CR, Kim D, Kim H, Lee S, Zhang H, Noh M, Kim YM, Mochizuki N, Kwon YG. Efficacy of CU06-1004 via regulation of inflammation and endothelial permeability in LPS-induced acute lung injury. J Inflamm (Lond) 2023; 20:13. [PMID: 37024954 PMCID: PMC10078077 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening condition that fundamentally results from inflammation and edema in the lung. There are no effective treatments available for clinical use. Previously, we found that as a leakage blocker CU06-1004 prevents endothelial barrier disruption and enhances endothelial cell survival under inflammatory conditions. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the effect of CU06-1004 in terms of prevention of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in an ALI mouse model. METHODS An ALI model was established that included intraperitoneal administration of LPS. Following LPS administration, survival rates and lung wet/dry ratios were assessed. Histological analysis was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine alveolar and capillary morphology. Cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were analyzed using an ELISA assay of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum. Neutrophil infiltration was observed in BALF using Wright-Giemsa staining, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was assessed. Pulmonary vascular leakage was confirmed using Evans-blue dye, and the expression of junctional proteins was evaluated using immunofluorescent staining. Expression of adhesion molecules was observed using immunofluorescence staining. NF-κB activation was determined using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. RESULTS Survival rates and pulmonary edema were ameliorated with CU06-1004 treatment. Administration of CU06-1004 normalized histopathological changes induced by LPS, and alveolar-capillary wall thickening was reduced. Compared with the LPS-challenged group, after CU06-1004 treatment, the infiltration of immune cells was decreased in the BALF, and MPO activity in lung tissue was reduced. Similarly, in the CU06-1004 treatment group, pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly inhibited in both BALF and serum. Evans-blue leakage was reduced, and the expression of junctional proteins was recovered in the CU06-1004 group. Adhesion molecules were downregulated and NF-κB activation was inhibited after CU06-1004 treatment. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that CU06-1004 had a therapeutic effect against LPS-induced ALI via alleviation of the inflammatory response and protection of vascular integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeomyeong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio Research, Curacle Co. Ltd, Seoul, 06694, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho-Rong Bae
- Department of Bio Research, Curacle Co. Ltd, Seoul, 06694, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyeop Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejeong Kim
- Department of Bio Research, Curacle Co. Ltd, Seoul, 06694, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghye Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Haiying Zhang
- Department of Bio Research, Curacle Co. Ltd, Seoul, 06694, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyoung Noh
- Department of Bio Research, Curacle Co. Ltd, Seoul, 06694, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe- shimmachi, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Young-Guen Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Yang Z, Nicholson SE, Cancio TS, Cancio LC, Li Y. Complement as a vital nexus of the pathobiological connectome for acute respiratory distress syndrome: An emerging therapeutic target. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1100461. [PMID: 37006238 PMCID: PMC10064147 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1100461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The hallmark of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) pathobiology is unchecked inflammation-driven diffuse alveolar damage and alveolar-capillary barrier dysfunction. Currently, therapeutic interventions for ARDS remain largely limited to pulmonary-supportive strategies, and there is an unmet demand for pharmacologic therapies targeting the underlying pathology of ARDS in patients suffering from the illness. The complement cascade (ComC) plays an integral role in the regulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. ComC activation can prime an overzealous cytokine storm and tissue/organ damage. The ARDS and acute lung injury (ALI) have an established relationship with early maladaptive ComC activation. In this review, we have collected evidence from the current studies linking ALI/ARDS with ComC dysregulation, focusing on elucidating the new emerging roles of the extracellular (canonical) and intracellular (non-canonical or complosome), ComC (complementome) in ALI/ARDS pathobiology, and highlighting complementome as a vital nexus of the pathobiological connectome for ALI/ARDS via its crosstalking with other systems of the immunome, DAMPome, PAMPome, coagulome, metabolome, and microbiome. We have also discussed the diagnostic/therapeutic potential and future direction of ALI/ARDS care with the ultimate goal of better defining mechanistic subtypes (endotypes and theratypes) through new methodologies in order to facilitate a more precise and effective complement-targeted therapy for treating these comorbidities. This information leads to support for a therapeutic anti-inflammatory strategy by targeting the ComC, where the arsenal of clinical-stage complement-specific drugs is available, especially for patients with ALI/ARDS due to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangsheng Yang
- Combat Casualty Care Research Team (CRT) 3, United States (US) Army Institute of Surgical Research, Joint Base San Antonio (JBSA)-Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States
| | - Susannah E. Nicholson
- Division of Trauma Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Tomas S. Cancio
- Combat Casualty Care Research Team (CRT) 3, United States (US) Army Institute of Surgical Research, Joint Base San Antonio (JBSA)-Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States
| | - Leopoldo C. Cancio
- United States (US) Army Burn Center, United States (US) Army Institute of Surgical Research, Joint Base San Antonio (JBSA)-Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yansong Li
- Division of Trauma Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- The Geneva Foundation, Immunological Damage Control Resuscitation Program, Tacoma, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Yansong Li,
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20
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Nadi A, Shiravi AA, Mohammadi Z, Aslani A, Zeinalian M. Thymus vulgaris, a natural pharmacy against COVID-19: A molecular review. J Herb Med 2023; 38:100635. [PMID: 36718131 PMCID: PMC9877322 DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2023.100635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction A worldwide pandemic infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of a deadly disease called COVID-19. Interaction of the virus and the Angiotensin converting-enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor leads to an inflammatory-induced tissue damage. Thymus vulgaris L. (TvL) is a plant with a long history in traditional medicine that has antimicrobial, antiseptic, and antiviral properties. Thymol and Carvacrol are two important biological components in Thyme that have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. This study is a molecular review on the potential effects of TvL and its active compounds on SARS-COV2 infection. Method This is a narrative review in which using PubMed, Scopus, ISI, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, Google scholar, and Arxiv preprint databases, the molecular mechanisms of therapeutic and protective effects of TvL and its active compounds have been discussed regarding the molecular pathogenesis in COVID-19. Results Thyme could suppress TNF-alpha, IL-6, and other inflammatory cytokines. It also enhances the anti-inflammatory cytokines like TGF-beta and IL-10. Thyme extract acts also as an inhibitor of cytokines IL-1-beta and IL-8, at both mRNA and protein levels. Thymol may also control the progression of neuro-inflammation toward neurological disease by reducing some factors. Thyme and its active ingredients, especially Thymol and Carvacrol, have also positive effects on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and intestinal microbiota. Conclusions Accordingly, TvL and its bioactive components may prevent COVID-19 complications and has a potential protective role against the deleterious consequences of the disease.
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Key Words
- ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme
- ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme II
- ACEIs, ACE inhibitors
- ALI, acute lung injury
- ARBs, angiotensin receptor blockers
- ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome
- AT1R, angiotensin II receptor type 1
- AngII, angiotensin II
- BALF, brochalveolar lavage fluid
- COVID-19
- CVD, cardio vascular disease
- IL, Interleukin
- Infection
- RAS, renin-angiotensin system
- SARS-COV2
- TGF-β, Transforming growth factor beta
- TMPRSS2, transmembrane serine protease 2
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- Th, T helper
- Thyme
- Thymus vulgaris L
- Treatment
- TvL, Thymus vulgaris L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nadi
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Shiravi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Mohammadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Amin Aslani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Zeinalian
- Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Iranian Cancer Control and Prevention Center (MACSA), Isfahan, Iran,Corresponding author at: Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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21
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Tang L, Zhang S, Zhang M, Wang PJ, Liang GY, Gao XL. Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis to Explore the Amelioration Mechanisms of Rosa roxburghii Tratt Fruit Polyphenols on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3079-3092. [PMID: 36745194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is the main cause of death for the elderly and children due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. Plant-derived functional foods are becoming increasingly important to the healthcare and food industries for adjunctive and alternative treatments of ALI. Polyphenols have been regarded to be beneficial to the prevention and amelioration of ALI. Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit polyphenols (RRTP) has potential to prevent ALI, but mechanism remains unclear. This study was set up to systematically analyze the RRTP extract active ingredients, comprehensively evaluate its protective effects via lung histopathological examination, protein concentration, and cytokines production in ALI mice induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and finally revealed alleviation mechanisms of the regulatory effects of RRTP by proteomics and metabolomics approach. The results demonstrated RRTP could synergistically exert significant preventive effects against ALI by notably ameliorating lung histopathological damage and pulmonary capillary permeability in ALI mice, inhibiting lung tissue inflammatory response and acute phase proteins and S-100 calcium binding proteins, suppressing excessive activation of complement and coagulation cascades, and regulating disordered lipids metabolism and amino acid metabolism. This study illustrated that RRTP has obvious advantages in ALI adjunctive therapy and revealed the complicated amelioration mechanisms, which provides a breakthrough for the development and demonstration of RRTP as a nutritional compound additive for complementary therapy of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- School of Chinese Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Peng-Jiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Gui-You Liang
- Translational Medicine Research Center & State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiu-Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
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22
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Kryvenko V, Alberro-Brage A, Fysikopoulos A, Wessendorf M, Tello K, Morty RE, Herold S, Seeger W, Samakovlis C, Vadász I. Clathrin-Mediated Albumin Clearance in Alveolar Epithelial Cells of Murine Precision-Cut Lung Slices. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032644. [PMID: 36768968 PMCID: PMC9916738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an accumulation of protein-rich alveolar edema that impairs gas exchange and leads to worse outcomes. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of alveolar albumin clearance is of high clinical relevance. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of the cellular albumin uptake in a three-dimensional culture of precision-cut lung slices (PCLS). We found that up to 60% of PCLS cells incorporated labeled albumin in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, whereas virtually no uptake of labeled dextran was observed. Of note, at a low temperature (4 °C), saturating albumin receptors with unlabeled albumin and an inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis markedly decreased the endocytic uptake of the labeled protein, implicating a receptor-driven internalization process. Importantly, uptake rates of albumin were comparable in alveolar epithelial type I (ATI) and type II (ATII) cells, as assessed in PCLS from a SftpcCreERT2/+: tdTomatoflox/flox mouse strain (defined as EpCAM+CD31-CD45-tdTomatoSPC-T1α+ for ATI and EpCAM+CD31-CD45-tdTomatoSPC+T1α- for ATII cells). Once internalized, albumin was found in the early and recycling endosomes of the alveolar epithelium as well as in endothelial, mesenchymal, and hematopoietic cell populations, which might indicate transcytosis of the protein. In summary, we characterize albumin uptake in alveolar epithelial cells in the complex setting of PCLS. These findings may open new possibilities for pulmonary drug delivery that may improve the outcomes for patients with respiratory failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalii Kryvenko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Andrés Alberro-Brage
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Athanasios Fysikopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Miriam Wessendorf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Khodr Tello
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Rory E. Morty
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Translational Pulmonology, and Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Christos Samakovlis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - István Vadász
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-641-985-42354; Fax: +49-641-985-42359
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23
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Peng Y, Chen W, Huang F, Geng M, Li X, Zhang F, Zhu W, Meng L, Holmdahl R, Xu J, Lu S. SLC38A6 expression in macrophages exacerbates pulmonary inflammation. Respir Res 2023; 24:33. [PMID: 36707853 PMCID: PMC9881254 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02330-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary inflammation involves complex changes of the immune cells, in which macrophages play important roles and their function might be influenced by metabolism. Slc38a6 acts as a carrier of nutrient for macrophages (Mφ) to exert the function. In this study, pneumonia patient blood was found up-regulated SLC38A6 expression, which correlated with monocytes number and white blood cell number. The similar result was also shown in LPS induced sepsis mice. To reveal the key role of Slc38a6, we used systemic and conditional knock-out mice. Either systemic or LyzCRE specific knock-out could alleviate the severity of sepsis mice, reduce the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α and IL-1β expression in serum and decrease the monocytes number in bronchial alveolar lavage and peritoneal lavage via flow cytometry. In order to reveal the signal of up-regulated Slc38a6, the Tlr4 signal inhibitor TAK242 and TLR4 knock-out mice were used. By blocking Tlr4 signal in macrophages via TAK242, the expression of Slc38a6 was down-regulated synchronously, and the same results were also found in Tlr4 knock-out macrophages. However, in the overexpressed Slc38a6 macrophages, blocking Tlr4 signal via TAK242, 20% of the mRNA expression of IL-1β still could be expressed, indicating that up-regulated Slc38a6 participates in IL-1β expression process. Collectively, it is the first time showed that an amino acid transporter SLC38A6 up-regulated in monocytes/macrophages promotes activation in pulmonary inflammation. SLC38A6 might be a promising target molecule for pulmonary inflammation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhao Peng
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China
| | - Weichao Chen
- grid.452902.8First Department of Respiratory Diseases, Xi’an Children’s Hospital, The Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710003 China
| | - Fumeng Huang
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China
| | - Manman Geng
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China ,grid.452672.00000 0004 1757 5804National Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710004 China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China ,grid.452672.00000 0004 1757 5804National Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710004 China
| | - Fujun Zhang
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China
| | - Wenhua Zhu
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China
| | - Liesu Meng
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China ,grid.452672.00000 0004 1757 5804National Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710004 China ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Section for Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jing Xu
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China
| | - Shemin Lu
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China ,grid.452902.8First Department of Respiratory Diseases, Xi’an Children’s Hospital, The Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710003 China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 China ,grid.452672.00000 0004 1757 5804National Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710004 China
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24
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Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications of Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion in Lung Transplantation: Potential Benefits and Inherent Limitations. Transplantation 2023; 107:105-116. [PMID: 36508647 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP), a technique in which isolated lungs are continually ventilated and perfused at normothermic temperature, is emerging as a promising platform to optimize donor lung quality and increase the lung graft pool. Over the past few decades, the EVLP technique has become recognized as a significant achievement and gained much attention in the field of lung transplantation. EVLP has been demonstrated to be an effective platform for various targeted therapies to optimize donor lung function before transplantation. Additionally, some physical parameters during EVLP and biological markers in the EVLP perfusate can be used to evaluate graft function before transplantation and predict posttransplant outcomes. However, despite its advantages, the clinical practice of EVLP continuously encounters multiple challenges associated with both intrinsic and extrinsic limitations. It is of utmost importance to address the advantages and disadvantages of EVLP for its broader clinical usage. Here, the pros and cons of EVLP are comprehensively discussed, with a focus on its benefits and potential approaches for overcoming the remaining limitations. Directions for future research to fully explore the clinical potential of EVLP in lung transplantation are also discussed.
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25
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Zhu W, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Immunotherapy strategies and prospects for acute lung injury: Focus on immune cells and cytokines. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1103309. [PMID: 36618910 PMCID: PMC9815466 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1103309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is a disastrous condition, which can be caused by a wide range of diseases, such as pneumonia, sepsis, traumas, and the most recent, COVID-19. Even though we have gained an improved understanding of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome pathogenesis and treatment mechanism, there is still no effective treatment for acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, which is partly responsible for the unacceptable mortality rate. In the pathogenesis of acute lung injury, the inflammatory storm is the main pathological feature. More and more evidences show that immune cells and cytokines secreted by immune cells play an irreplaceable role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. Therefore, here we mainly reviewed the role of various immune cells in acute lung injury from the perspective of immunotherapy, and elaborated the crosstalk of immune cells and cytokines, aiming to provide novel ideas and targets for the treatment of acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Yiwen Zhang, ; Yinghong Wang,
| | - Yinghong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Yiwen Zhang, ; Yinghong Wang,
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26
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Protective Effects of Atractylodis lancea Rhizoma on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via TLR4/NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathways In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416134. [PMID: 36555773 PMCID: PMC9781712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a syndrome caused by an excessive inflammatory response characterized by intractable hypoxemia both inside and outside the lung, for which effective therapeutic drugs are lacking. Atractylodis rhizoma, a traditional Chinese medicine, has excellent anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties in addition to protecting the integrity of the cellular barrier. However, few studies of Atractylodis rhizoma for the treatment of ALI have been published, and its mechanism of action remains unclear. In the present study, the chemical composition of the ethanolic extract of Atractylodis rhizoma (EEAR) was initially clarified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), after which it was studied in vivo using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI rat model. Treatment with EEAR significantly reduced the lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio, neutrophil infiltration, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) formation, and enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) depletion in rats with ALI, thereby improving lung barrier function and effectively reducing lung injury. In addition, EEAR significantly reduced histopathological changes, decreased the expression of inflammatory factors (such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)), and inhibited the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thus reducing inflammation. In addition, EEAR was found to also reduce oxidative stress in ALI by upregulating the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream proteins heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NADPH quinone acceptor oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1). EEAR also reduced LPS-induced inflammatory factor expression in THP-1 cells in vitro by inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway, and reduced damage from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress in THP-1 cells by promoting the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream targets HO-1 and NQO-1, the molecular mechanism of which was consistent with in vivo observations. Therefore, we conclude that EEAR attenuates oxidative stress and inflammatory responses via TLR4/NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathways to alleviate LPS-induced ALI, suggesting that Atractylodis rhizoma is a potential drug candidate for the treatment of ALI.
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27
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Naidoo N, Moodley J, Khaliq OP, Naicker T. Neuropilin-1 in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, HIV-1, and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A review. Virus Res 2022; 319:198880. [PMID: 35905790 PMCID: PMC9316720 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This review explores the role of transmembrane neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) in pregnancy, preeclampsia (PE), human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. Since these conditions are assessed independently, this review attempts to predict their comorbid clinical manifestations. Dysregulation of NRP-1 contributes to the pathogenesis of PE by (a) impairing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling for adequate spiral artery remodeling and placentation, (b) inducing syncytiotrophoblast (ST) cell apoptosis and increasing ST-derived microparticle circulation and (c) by decreasing regulatory T cell activity predisposing maternal immune intolerance. Although NRP-1 is upregulated in SARS-CoV-2 placentae, its exploitation for SARS-CoV-2 internalization and increased infectivity may alter angiogenesis through the competitive inhibition of VEGF. The anti-inflammatory nature of NRP-1 may aid its upregulation in HIV-1 infection; however, the HIV-accessory protein, tat, reduces NRP-1 expression. Upregulated NRP-1 in macrophages and dendritic cells also demonstrated HIV-1 resistance/reduced infectivity. Notably, HIV-1-infected pregnant women receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) to prevent vertical transmission may experience immune reconstitution, impaired decidualization, and elevated markers of endothelial injury. Since endothelial dysfunction and altered immune responses are central to PE, HIV-1 infection, ART usage and SARS-CoV-2 infection, it is plausible that an exacerbation of both features may prevail in the synergy of these events. Additionally, this review identifies microRNAs (miRNAs) mediating NRP-1 expression. MiR-320 and miR-141 are overexpressed in PE, while miR-206 and miR-124-3p showed increased expression in PE and HIV-1 infection. Additionally, miR-214 is overexpressed in PE, HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 infection, implicating treatment strategies to reduce these miRNAs to upregulate and normalize NRP-1 expression. However, inconsistencies in the data of the role and regulation of miRNAs in PE, HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 infections require clarification. This review provides a platform for early diagnosis and potential therapeutic intervention of PE, HIV-1, and SARS-CoV-2 infections independently and as comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitalia Naidoo
- Women's Health and HIV Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
| | - Jagidesa Moodley
- Women's Health and HIV Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Olive Pearl Khaliq
- Women's Health and HIV Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Thajasvarie Naicker
- Optics and Imaging Centre, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Sanches Santos Rizzo Zuttion M, Moore SKL, Chen P, Beppu AK, Hook JL. New Insights into the Alveolar Epithelium as a Driver of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091273. [PMID: 36139112 PMCID: PMC9496395 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The alveolar epithelium serves as a barrier between the body and the external environment. To maintain efficient gas exchange, the alveolar epithelium has evolved to withstand and rapidly respond to an assortment of inhaled, injury-inducing stimuli. However, alveolar damage can lead to loss of alveolar fluid barrier function and exuberant, non-resolving inflammation that manifests clinically as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This review discusses recent discoveries related to mechanisms of alveolar homeostasis, injury, repair, and regeneration, with a contemporary emphasis on virus-induced lung injury. In addition, we address new insights into how the alveolar epithelium coordinates injury-induced lung inflammation and review maladaptive lung responses to alveolar damage that drive ARDS and pathologic lung remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Sanches Santos Rizzo Zuttion
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sarah Kathryn Littlehale Moore
- Lung Imaging Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Peter Chen
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Andrew Kota Beppu
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jaime Lynn Hook
- Lung Imaging Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Correspondence:
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29
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Chaudhary S, Rai P, Joshi A, Yadav P, Sesham K, Kumar S, Mridha AR, Baitha U, Nag TC, Soni KD, Trikha A, Yadav SC. Ultracellular Imaging of Bronchoalveolar Lavage from Young COVID-19 Patients with Comorbidities Showed Greater SARS-COV-2 Infection but Lesser Ultrastructural Damage Than the Older Patients. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2022; 28:1-25. [PMID: 36065953 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927622012430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the cellular infectivity and ultrastructural changes due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the various cells of bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) from intubated patients of different age groups (≥60 years and <60 years) and with common comorbidities such as diabetes, liver and kidney diseases, and malignancies. BALF of 79 patients (38 cases >60 and 41 cases <60 years) were studied by light microscopy, immunofluorescence, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy to evaluate the ultrastructural changes in the ciliated epithelium, type II pneumocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and anucleated granulocytes. This study demonstrated relatively a greater infection and better preservation of subcellular structures in these cells from BALF of younger patients (<60 years compared with the older patients (≥60 years). The different cells of BALF from the patients without comorbidities showed higher viral load compared with the patients with comorbidities. Diabetic patients showed maximum ultrastructural damage in BALF cells in the comorbid group. This study highlights the comparative effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the different airway and inflammatory cells of BALF at the subcellular levels among older and younger patients and in patients with comorbid conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Chaudhary
- Electron Microscope Facility, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Preeti Rai
- Electron Microscope Facility, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Arti Joshi
- Electron Microscope Facility, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Kishore Sesham
- Electron Microscope Facility, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Shailendra Kumar
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Asit Ranjan Mridha
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Upendra Baitha
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Tapas Chandra Nag
- Electron Microscope Facility, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Kapil Dev Soni
- Anaesthesia and Critical Care, JPN Apex Trauma Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Anjan Trikha
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Subhash Chandra Yadav
- Electron Microscope Facility, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi 110029, India
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30
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Qu W, Wang Z, Engelberg-Cook E, Yan D, Siddik AB, Bu G, Allickson JG, Kubrova E, Caplan AI, Hare JM, Ricordi C, Pepine CJ, Kurtzberg J, Pascual JM, Mallea JM, Rodriguez RL, Nayfeh T, Saadi S, Durvasula RV, Richards EM, March K, Sanfilippo FP. Efficacy and Safety of MSC Cell Therapies for Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:688-703. [PMID: 35640138 PMCID: PMC9299515 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
MSC (a.k.a. mesenchymal stem cell or medicinal signaling cell) cell therapies show promise in decreasing mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and suggest benefits in treatment of COVID-19-related ARDS. We performed a meta-analysis of published trials assessing the efficacy and adverse events (AE) rates of MSC cell therapy in individuals hospitalized for COVID-19. Systematic searches were performed in multiple databases through November 3, 2021. Reports in all languages, including randomized clinical trials (RCTs), non-randomized interventional trials, and uncontrolled trials, were included. Random effects model was used to pool outcomes from RCTs and non-randomized interventional trials. Outcome measures included all-cause mortality, serious adverse events (SAEs), AEs, pulmonary function, laboratory, and imaging findings. A total of 736 patients were identified from 34 studies, which included 5 RCTs (n = 235), 7 non-randomized interventional trials (n = 370), and 22 uncontrolled comparative trials (n = 131). Patients aged on average 59.4 years and 32.2% were women. When compared with the control group, MSC cell therapy was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (RR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.35-0.85, I 2 = 0.0%), reduction in SAEs (IRR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.14-0.90, I 2 = 0.0%) and no significant difference in AE rate. A sub-group with pulmonary function studies suggested improvement in patients receiving MSC. These findings support the potential for MSC cell therapy to decrease all-cause mortality, reduce SAEs, and improve pulmonary function compared with conventional care. Large-scale double-blinded, well-powered RCTs should be conducted to further explore these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchun Qu
- Corresponding co-authors: Wenchun Qu, MD, PhD, Department of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224.
| | - Zhen Wang
- Evidence-Based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Dan Yan
- Department of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Guojun Bu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Eva Kubrova
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Arnold I Caplan
- Skeletal Research Center, Biology Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute and Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Camillo Ricordi
- Department of Surgery, Diabetes Research Institute and Cell Transplant Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Carl J Pepine
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, and Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Joanne Kurtzberg
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jorge M Pascual
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jorge M Mallea
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Tarek Nayfeh
- Evidence-Based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Samer Saadi
- Evidence-Based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Elaine M Richards
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center of Regenerative Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Keith March
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, and Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Fred P Sanfilippo
- Fred P. Sanfilippo, MD, PhD, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, 730GCR, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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31
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Zhang Z, Xie J, Shan N, Wang H, Hu B, Wang J, Zhang H, Ma C. Discovery of the specific inhibitory effect of thiamphenicol on LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice through virtual screening and biological evaluation. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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32
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Qi Z, Chen J, Deng M, Zhang Y, Ma T, Ma M. Protection of Toll-Like Receptor 9 Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress of Pulmonary Epithelial Cells via MyD88-Mediated Pathways. Physiol Res 2022; 71:259-273. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a common, severe clinical syndrome. Injury caused by inflammation and oxidative stress in vascular endothelial and alveolar epithelial cells is a vital process in the pathogenesis of ALI. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is highly expressed in LPS-induced ALI rats. In this study, Beas-2B human pulmonary epithelial cells and A549 alveolar epithelial cells were stimulated by LPS, resulting in the upregulation of TLR9 in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, TLR9 overexpression and interference vectors were transfected before LPS administration to explore the role of TLR9 in LPS-induced ALI in vitro. The findings revealed that inhibition of TLR9 reduced inflammation and oxidative stress while suppressing apoptosis of LPS-induced Beas-2B and A549 cells, whereas TLR9 overexpression aggravated these conditions. Moreover, TLR9 inhibition resulted in downregulated protein expression of myeloid differentiation protein 88 (MyD88) and activator activator protein 1 (AP-1), as well as phosphorylation of nuclear factor-B (NF-B), c-Jun N terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). The phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated protein kinases 1/2 was upregulated compared to that of cells subjected to only LPS administration, and this was reversed by TLR9 overexpression. These results indicate that inhibition of TLR9 plays a protective role against LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in Beas-2B and A549 cells, possibly via the MyD88/NF-B and MyD88/MAPKs/AP-1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Qi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China.
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33
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Albtoush N, Petrey AC. The role of Hyaluronan synthesis and degradation in the critical respiratory illness COVID-19. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C1037-C1046. [PMID: 35442830 PMCID: PMC9126216 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00071.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a polysaccharide found in all tissues as an integral component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that plays a central regulatory role in inflammation. In fact, HA matrices are increasingly considered as a barometer of inflammation. A number of proteins specifically recognize the HA structure and these interactions modify cell behavior and control the stability of the ECM. Moreover, inflamed airways are remarkably rich with HA and are associated with various inflammatory diseases including cystic fibrosis, influenza, sepsis, and more recently coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 is a worldwide pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2, and infected individuals have a wide range of disease manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to severe illness. Critically ill COVID-19 patient cases are frequently complicated by development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which typically leads to poor outcomes with high mortality rate. In general, ARDS is characterized by poor oxygenation accompanied with severe lung inflammation, damage, and vascular leakage and has been suggested to be linked to an accumulation of HA within the airways. Here, we provide a succinct overview of known inflammatory mechanisms regulated by HA in general, and those both observed and postulated in critically ill patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nansy Albtoush
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Aaron C Petrey
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States.,Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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34
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Rao Z, Li X, Zhang X, Zeng J, Wang B, Yang R, Zeng N. Fengreqing Oral Liquid Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects by Promoting Apoptosis and Inhibiting PI3K/AKT and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:824579. [PMID: 35370749 PMCID: PMC8967167 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.824579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Fengreqing oral liquid (FOL), a Chinese patent drug frequently used in clinical practice in China, is effective in treating inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract such as colds and flu. However, its anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of FOL and its mechanisms on PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells were explored, as well as the regulatory effect of FOL on apoptosis. In addition, the potential of FOL for the treatment of acute lung injury was explored in LPS-induced ALI mice. The results showed that treatment with FOL significantly reduced the levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the supernatant of LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, and also significantly reduced the phosphorylated protein levels of PI3K and AKT in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and also protein levels of NF-κB p50, phosphorylated NF-κB p65, and IκBα in the NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, the results showed that FOL induced apoptosis in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells at the level of 80%–90%, and significantly increased the protein expression levels of the pro-apoptotic Bax and cleaved-caspase-3. In LPS-induced ALI mice, FOL administration showed inhibition of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and decreased protein expression levels of PI3K, AKT, NF-κB p50, and NF-κB p65, and elevated protein expression levels of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 significantly. These results suggest that FOL may exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to promote apoptosis and leading to attenuated activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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35
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Zhang Y, Zhang J, Fu Z. Molecular hydrogen is a potential protective agent in the management of acute lung injury. Mol Med 2022; 28:27. [PMID: 35240982 PMCID: PMC8892414 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which is a more severe form of ALI, are life-threatening clinical syndromes observed in critically ill patients. Treatment methods to alleviate the pathogenesis of ALI have improved to a great extent at present. Although the efficacy of these therapies is limited, their relevance has increased remarkably with the ongoing pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes severe respiratory distress syndrome. Several studies have demonstrated the preventive and therapeutic effects of molecular hydrogen in the various diseases. The biological effects of molecular hydrogen mainly involve anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and autophagy and cell death modulation. This review focuses on the potential therapeutic effects of molecular hydrogen on ALI and its underlying mechanisms and aims to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of ALI and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiling Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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36
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Investigating the Intercellular Communication Network of Immune Cell in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome with Sepsis. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4586648. [PMID: 35222683 PMCID: PMC8866031 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4586648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is recognized as a serious public health issue that results in respiratory failure and high mortality rates. The syndrome is characterized by immune cell aggregation, communication, activation, and alveolar epithelial damage. To elucidate the complex dynamic process of the immune system's response in ARDS, we construct the intercellular communication network of immune cells in ARDS based on a single-cell RNA sequencing dataset (including three sepsis-induced ARDS patients and four sepsis-only patients). The results show that macrophages relayed most of the intercellular signals (ligand–receptor pairs) in both groups. Many genes related to immune response (IFI44L, ISG, and HLA-DQB1) and biological functions (response to virus, negative regulation of viral life cycle, and response to interferon-beta) were detected via differentially expressed gene analysis of macrophages between the two groups. Deep analysis of the intercellular signals related to the macrophage found that sepsis-induced ARDS harbored distinctive intercellular signals related to chemokine–chemokine receptors (CCL3/4/5−CCR1), which mainly are involved in the disturbance of the STAT family transcription factors (TFs), such as STAT2 and STAT3. These signals and downstream TFs might play key roles in macrophage M1/M2 polarization in the process of sepsis-induced ARDS. This study provides a comprehensive view of the intercellular communication landscape between sepsis and sepsis-induced ARDS and identifies key intercellular communications and TFs involved in sepsis-induced ARDS. We believe that our study provides valuable clues for understanding the immune response mechanisms of ARDS.
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Puri G, Naura AS. Implication of mitochondrial ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome axis during two-hit mediated acute lung injury in mice. Free Radic Res 2022; 56:1-16. [PMID: 35129032 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2021.2023740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) caused by acid aspiration often accompanies bacterial components leading to exaggerated inflammation and can result in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but the underlying mechanisms behind such an exacerbation remain unclear. NLRP3 inflammasome and mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) have been implicated in ALI but its role in injury caused through two hit i.e. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) + Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is not known. Therefore, the present study is designed to elucidate the role of mtROS-NLPR3 inflammasome upon "two-hit" mediated ALI. Our data showed that "two-hit" induced ALI results in aggravated lung inflammation as compared to either of single hit(s) as reflected by a steep increase in inflammatory cells particularly neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Further, enhanced inflammation was associated with increased mtROS as depicted by data on mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of MitoSOX+ neutrophils and macrophages in BALF of two-hit simulated mice. Importantly, ALI results in activation of NLRP3 inflammasome as reflected by active caspase-1 protein expression and IL-1β levels. Interestingly, NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, MCC950 suppressed the lung inflammation remarkably. Further, Mito-tempo, a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, halted "two-hit" mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β release followed by amelioration of lung inflammation. Suppression in MFI of MitoSOX+ stained neutrophils and macrophages by Mito-tempo was associated with down-regulation of phospho-p65-NF-κB and its dependent genes (IL-1β/TNF-α/IL-6). Overall, our data suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome activation by mtROS plays a critical role in pathogenesis of exaggerated inflammation and therefore targeting mtROS-NLRP3 inflammasome axis may be an attractive option for combating ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Puri
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amarjit S Naura
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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38
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Rao Z, Zeng J, Li X, Peng L, Wang B, Luan F, Zeng N. JFNE-A isolated from Jing-Fang n-butanol extract attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and the NF-κB signaling pathway via promotion of autophagy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153891. [PMID: 35026506 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jing-Fang powder consists of Jingjie (Nepeta tenuifolia Benth, (Lamiaceae)). and Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk, (Apiaceae)) Previous studies have revealed that the Jing-Fang powder n-butanol extract (JFNE) has anti-acute lung injury (ALI) and anti-inflammatory properties; however, the active ingredient and mechanism remain unknown. PURPOSE In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of a bioactive fraction obtained from JFNE(JFNE-A) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in mice and explored the underlying mechanism. STUDY DESIGN The anti-acute lung injury effect and mechanism of JFNE-A was investigated by prophylactic administration of JFNE-A in mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury. METHODS The expression levels of myeloperoxidase(MPO) in lung tissues of mice and interleukin(IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, IL-1β, IL-5, interferon (IFN)-γ, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, and MIP-1β in bronchi alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected by reagent kit and the histological changes were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) for general histopathological conditions under a light microscope. In addition, the ultrastructure of the cells in lung tissues were observed and photographed under a transmission electron microscope. The expression levels of protein were detected via Western blotting and the mRNA expression of relative genes were determined of via reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). What's more, we also further clarified the potential targets of JFNE-A through network pharmacology analysis, which could be utilized in ALI treatment. RESULTS Our results showed that pretreatment with JFNE-A for 7 days significantly reduced the lung pathological injury score, alleviated pulmonary edema, and decreased the lung tissue MPO level. Mechanistically, JFNE-A dramatically downregulated the protein levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, M-CSF, and IFN-γ in BALF and mRNA expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-γ in lung tissues. JFNE-A also significantly lowered the protein levels of iNOS and phosphorylated NF-κB (p65) and mRNA expression levels of iNOS, Rela, CHUK, and NF-κB1, and also elevated the protein expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and SOD1 and the mRNA expression levels of Nrf2, Hmox1, and Keap-1 in the lungs. Moreover, JFNE-A significantly decreased the protein expression of p62 and increased the ratio of LC3II/LC3I. It also upregulated the mRNA expression levels of Atg5 and Beclin-1, whereas it reduced the mRNA expression level of SQSTM1 and increased autophagosome structures. CONCLUSION Overall, treatment with JFNE-A ameliorated LPS-induced ALI in mice by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathways and promoting Nrf2 signaling pathways by accelerating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Jiuseng Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Lixia Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Baojun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Fei Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China.
| | - Nan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China.
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Kim TO, Park KJ, Cho YN, Jin HM, Jo YG, Kim HS, Ju JK, Shin HJ, Kho BG, Kee SJ, Park YW. Altered distribution, activation and increased IL-17 production of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Thorax 2022; 77:865-872. [PMID: 35086913 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a subset of innate-like T cells that are engaged in a number of diseases, but their roles in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are not fully examined yet. This study aimed to examine levels and functions of MAIT cells in patients with ARDS. METHODS Peripheral blood samples from patients with ARDS (n=50) and healthy controls (HCs, n=50) were collected. Levels of MAIT cells, cytokines, CD69, programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS Circulating MAIT cell levels were significantly reduced in patients with ARDS than in HCs. MAIT cell levels were inversely correlated with disease severity and mortality. Cytokine production profiles in MAIT cells showed that percentages of interleukin (IL)-17 producing MAIT cell were significantly higher in patients with ARDS than in HCs. Patients with ARDS exhibited higher expression levels of CD69, PD-1 and LAG-3 in circulating MAIT cells. Moreover, levels of MAIT cells and expression levels of CD69, PD-1 and IL-17 in MAIT cells were higher in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples than in peripheral blood samples. Our in vitro experiments showed that MAIT cells triggered macrophages to produce proinflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-α, IL-1β and IL-8. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that circulating MAIT cells are numerically deficient in patients with ARDS. In addition, MAIT cells were found to be activated, migrate into lung, secrete IL-17 and then stimulate macrophages. These findings suggest that MAIT cells contribute to the worsening of inflammation in the lung of patients with ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Ok Kim
- Pulmonology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ki-Jeong Park
- Rheumatology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Young-Nan Cho
- Rheumatology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hye-Mi Jin
- Rheumatology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Young-Goun Jo
- Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyo Shin Kim
- Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae Kyun Ju
- Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hong-Joon Shin
- Pulmonology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Bo-Gun Kho
- Pulmonology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seung-Jung Kee
- Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yong-Wook Park
- Rheumatology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Korea .,Rheumatology, Chonnam National University Bitgoeul Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
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Liu J, Dean DA. Gene Therapy for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Front Physiol 2022; 12:786255. [PMID: 35111077 PMCID: PMC8801611 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.786255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating clinical syndrome that leads to acute respiratory failure and accounts for over 70,000 deaths per year in the United States alone, even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. While its molecular details have been teased apart and its pathophysiology largely established over the past 30 years, relatively few pharmacological advances in treatment have been made based on this knowledge. Indeed, mortality remains very close to what it was 30 years ago. As an alternative to traditional pharmacological approaches, gene therapy offers a highly controlled and targeted strategy to treat the disease at the molecular level. Although there is no single gene or combination of genes responsible for ARDS, there are a number of genes that can be targeted for upregulation or downregulation that could alleviate many of the symptoms and address the underlying mechanisms of this syndrome. This review will focus on the pathophysiology of ARDS and how gene therapy has been used for prevention and treatment. Strategies for gene delivery to the lung, such as barriers encountered during gene transfer, specific classes of genes that have been targeted, and the outcomes of these approaches on ARDS pathogenesis and resolution will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - David A. Dean
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
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Zhang S, Tang C, Wang X. Octreotide activates autophagy to alleviate lipopolysaccharide-induced human pulmonary epithelial cell injury by inhibiting the protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2021; 13:217-226. [PMID: 34898367 PMCID: PMC8805934 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2012908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Octreotide is a synthetic octapeptide of natural somatostatin. We aimed to investigate the influence of Octreotide on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human pulmonary epithelial cell damage. After stimulated by LPS, BEAS-2B cells were treated with various concentrations of Octreotide. CCK-8 assay and LDH kits were to evaluate cell cytotoxicity. ELISA kits were to analyze the levels of inflammatory factors. TUNEL staining was to measure cell apoptosis. Western blot assay was used to assess the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, autophagy-related proteins and AKT/mTOR signaling-related proteins. Then, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) was adopted for treating BEAS-2B cells to determine its effects on inflammation and apoptosis. Afterward, adding AKT agonist (SC79) or mTOR antagonist (rapamycin) to explore the impact of Octreotide on autophagy. Results revealed that Octreotide notably enhanced cell viability and reduced LDH activity. The levels of inflammatory factors were significantly decreased following Octreotide treatment. Additionally, Octreotide attenuated the apoptotic capacity of LPS-induced BEAS-2B cells, led to the up-regulation of Bcl-2 protein level while cut down the protein levels of Bax and cleaved caspase3. Remarkably, the expression of autophagy-related protein LC3II/I and Beclin1 was elevated after Octreotide administration. Importantly, the suppressive effects of Octreotide on the inflammation and apoptosis of LPS-induced BEAS-2B cells was abrogated by 3-MA. Further experiments suggested that Octreotide downregulated p-AKT and mTOR expression in LPS-stimulated BEAS-2B cells. SC79 addition inhibited autophagy, evidenced by downregulated LC3II/I and Beclin1 expression while rapamycin presented the opposite effects. To conclude, Octreotide activates autophagy to alleviate LPS-induced pulmonary epithelial cell injury by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumian Zhang
- Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cijun Tang
- Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuebin Wang
- Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Mori H, Huq MA, Islam MM, Takeyama N. Neutrophil extracellular traps are associated with altered human pulmonary artery endothelial barrier function. EUR J INFLAMM 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/20587392211062386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Acute respiratory response syndrome (ARDS) leads to increased permeability of the endothelial-epithelial barrier, which in turn promotes edema formation and hypoxemic respiratory failure. Although activated neutrophils are thought to play a significant role in mediating ARDS, at present the contribution of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to lung endothelial barrier function is unclear. Methods: To clarify their role, we co-cultured in vitro NETs induced by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)–activated neutrophils with lung endothelial cell monolayers and examined the barrier function of lung endothelial cells by immunofluorescence microscopy and albumin permeability in a double-chamber culture method. Results: Co-culture with stimulated neutrophils increased the albumin permeability of the human pulmonary artery endothelial cell (HPAEC) monolayer and altered cytoskeleton F-actin and vascular endothelial-cadherin in cell-cell junctions. Hyperpermeability to albumin and histological alterations were prevented by inhibition of NET formation with peptidyl arginine deiminase inhibitor or a neutrophil elastase inhibitor and were also prevented by increased degradation of NET structure with DNase. Conclusion: This in vitro experiment shows that altered HPAEC barrier function and increased albumin permeability are caused by the direct effect of PMA-induced NETs and their components. NET formation may be involved in the increased vascular permeability of the lung, which is a common feature in ARDS of various etiologies. These insights may help generate novel approaches for medical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisatake Mori
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Muhammad Aminul Huq
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Md. Monirul Islam
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoshi Takeyama
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
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Kryvenko V, Vadász I. Mechanisms of Hypercapnia-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Dysfunction. Front Physiol 2021; 12:735580. [PMID: 34867444 PMCID: PMC8640499 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.735580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein transcription, translation, and folding occur continuously in every living cell and are essential for physiological functions. About one-third of all proteins of the cellular proteome interacts with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The ER is a large, dynamic cellular organelle that orchestrates synthesis, folding, and structural maturation of proteins, regulation of lipid metabolism and additionally functions as a calcium store. Recent evidence suggests that both acute and chronic hypercapnia (elevated levels of CO2) impair ER function by different mechanisms, leading to adaptive and maladaptive regulation of protein folding and maturation. In order to cope with ER stress, cells activate unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways. Initially, during the adaptive phase of ER stress, the UPR mainly functions to restore ER protein-folding homeostasis by decreasing protein synthesis and translation and by activation of ER-associated degradation (ERAD) and autophagy. However, if the initial UPR attempts for alleviating ER stress fail, a maladaptive response is triggered. In this review, we discuss the distinct mechanisms by which elevated CO2 levels affect these molecular pathways in the setting of acute and chronic pulmonary diseases associated with hypercapnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalii Kryvenko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany.,The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
| | - István Vadász
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany.,The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Giessen, Germany
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Duan X, Yang Y, Yang A, Zhao Y, Fan F, Niu L, Hao N. Terbutaline attenuates LPS-induced injury of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells by cAMP/Epac signaling. Drug Dev Res 2021; 83:699-707. [PMID: 34846077 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI), characterized by an acute onset of severe hypoxemia, is a common and devastating syndrome usually triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infection from bacteria. This study is intended to explore whether terbutaline can alleviate LPS-induced human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell (HPMVEC) injury through cAMP/Epac signaling. LPS was utilized to induce ALI in HPMVECs, and after exposure of LPS-induced HPMVECs to terbutaline, the cellular functions including cell viability and apoptosis were measured by cell counting kit-8 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling. The protein expression related to cAMP/Epac signaling, apoptosis, and that of tight junction and inflammatory factors were evaluated at the same time. The effects of terbutaline on cellular functions were confirmed again after the addition of antagonists of cAMP and Epac, respectively. The levels of both cAMP and Epac reduced by LPS was concentration-dependently increased by terbutaline. The apoptosis and endothelial cell permeability damage of LPS-induced HPMVECs were enhanced after the addition of KT-5720 and ESI-09. The beneficial effects of terbutaline on alleviating the inflammation and apoptosis in HPMVECs injured by LPS are mediated by cAMP/Epac signaling, and this evidence would demonstrate the potential of terbutaline in the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Duan
- Neonatology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingbo Yang
- Neonatology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aping Yang
- Neonatology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Neonatology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengjuan Fan
- Neonatology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Leilei Niu
- Neonatology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nan Hao
- Oncological Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Liu Y, Zhou J, Luo Y, Li J, Shang L, Zhou F, Yang S. Honokiol alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis via Nrf2 activation in vitro and in vivo. Chin Med 2021; 16:127. [PMID: 34844623 PMCID: PMC8628413 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00541-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Honokiol (HKL) has been reported to ameliorate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). However, its potential mechanism of its protective effects remains unclear. In this study, the protective mechanism of HKL on LPS-induced ALI was explored in vivo and in vitro. Methods In vivo, the SD rats were intratracheally instilled with LPS (5 mg/kg) to establish an acute lung injury model and then treated with HKL (1.25/2.5/5 mg/kg) or ML385 (30 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. In vitro, the human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) was stimulated with LPS and ATP to induce pyroptosis and treated with HKL (12.5/25/50 μM). Small interfering RNA (siRNA) technique was used to knockdown Nrf2 in BEAS-2B cells. The protein and mRNA expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, NLRP3, ASC, CASP1, and GSDMD in cells and lung tissues were detected by western blot and real time-PCR. The expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, MPO, MDA, and SOD in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and supernatant were determined by ELISA. The degree of pathological injury of lung tissue was evaluated by H&E staining. Results The results showed that HKL could alleviate oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by regulating the levels of MPO, MDA, SOD, IL-1β, IL-18 in supernatant. And it could also inhibit the expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, CASP1, GSDMD via activation of Nrf2 in BEAS-2B cells. Further studies revealed that HKL could attenuate the pathological injury in LPS-induced ALI rats, and the molecular mechanism was consistent with the results in vitro. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that HKL could alleviate LPS-induced ALI by reducing the oxidative stress and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis, which was partly dependent on the Nrf2 activation. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiabin Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yingying Luo
- School of Clinical Medical, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jinxiao Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Luorui Shang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Fangyuan Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shenglan Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Xia Y, Cao Y, Sun Y, Hong X, Tang Y, Yu J, Hu H, Ma W, Qin K, Bao R. Calycosin Alleviates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury via the Inhibition of Mitochondrial ROS-Mediated Inflammasome Activation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:690549. [PMID: 34737695 PMCID: PMC8560711 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.690549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) culminates in multiple organ failure via uncontrolled inflammatory responses and requires effective treatment. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effect of calycosin (CA), a natural isoflavonoid, on sepsis-induced ALI. CA attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced structural damage and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissues by histopathological analysis. CA significantly reduced lung wet/dry ratio, inflammatory cell infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and myeloperoxidase activity. Moreover, CA improved the survival of septic mice. CA also substantially inhibited interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 levels and cleaved caspase 1 expression and activity in lung tissues. Additionally, CA markedly suppressed oxidative stress by increasing levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione while decreasing malondialdehyde. In vitro assay showed that CA significantly inhibited LPS-induced IL-1β and IL-18 levels and cleaved caspase 1 expression and activity in BMDMs. Moreover, CA blocked the interaction among NLRP3, ASC, and caspase 1 in LPS-treated cells. CA markedly reduced mitochondrial ROS levels. Significantly, compared with CA treatment, the combination of CA and MitoTEMPO (mitochondria-targeted antioxidant) did not further reduce the IL-1β and IL-18 levels and cleaved caspase 1 expression and activity and decreased mitochondrial ROS levels. Collectively, the inhibition of mitochondrial ROS-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to the protective effects of CA, which may be considered a potential therapeutic agent for septic ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, LiShui People Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanbao Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, LiShui People Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, LiShui People Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuying Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, LiShui People Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingyan Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, LiShui People Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, LiShui People Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjuan Hu
- Department Science and Education, LiShui People Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjia Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, LiShui People Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Kailun Qin
- Department of Pediatrics, LiShui People Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Bao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Guo B, Peng Y, Gu Y, Zhong Y, Su C, Liu L, Chai D, Song T, Zhao N, Yan X, Xu T. Resveratrol pretreatment mitigates LPS-induced acute lung injury by regulating conventional dendritic cells' maturation and function. Open Life Sci 2021; 16:1064-1081. [PMID: 34676301 PMCID: PMC8483064 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe syndrome lacking efficient therapy and resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Although resveratrol (RES), a natural phytoalexin, has been reported to protect the ALI by suppressing the inflammatory response, the detailed mechanism of how RES affected the immune system is poorly studied. Pulmonary conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are critically involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung diseases including ALI. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective role of RES via pulmonary cDCs in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI mice. Murine ALI model was established by intratracheally challenging with 5 mg/kg LPS. We found that RES pretreatment could mitigate LPS-induced ALI. Additionally, proinflammatory-skewed cytokines decreased whereas anti-inflammatory-related cytokines increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by RES pretreatment. Mechanistically, RES regulated pulmonary cDCs' maturation and function, exhibiting lower level of CD80, CD86, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II expression, and IL-10 secretion in ALI mice. Furthermore, RES modulated the balance between proinflammation and anti-inflammation of cDCs. Moreover, in vitro RES pretreatment regulated the maturation and function of bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). Finally, the adoptive transfer of RES-pretreated BMDCs enhanced recovery of ALI. Thus, these data might further extend our understanding of a protective role of RES in regulating pulmonary cDCs against ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingnan Guo
- Jiangsu Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Yigen Peng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China
| | - Yuting Gu
- Jiangsu Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Jiangsu Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Chenglei Su
- Jiangsu Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Jiangsu Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Dafei Chai
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Tengfei Song
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, New York, United States
| | - Ningjun Zhao
- Jiangsu Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Xianliang Yan
- Jiangsu Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Tie Xu
- Jiangsu Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China
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Wen XP, Wan QQ. Regulatory effect of insulin on the structure, function and metabolism of Na +/K +-ATPase (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1243. [PMID: 34539839 PMCID: PMC8438676 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Na+/K+-ATPase is an ancient enzyme, the role of which is to maintain Na+ and K+ gradients across cell membranes, thus preserving intracellular ion homeostasis. The regulation of Na+/K+-ATPase is affected by several regulatory factors through a number of pathways, with hormones serving important short-term and long-term regulatory functions. Na+/K+-ATPase can also be degraded through activation of the ubiquitin proteasome and autophagy-lysosomal pathways, thereby affecting its abundance and enzymatic activity. As regards the regulatory effect of insulin, it has been found to upregulate the relative abundance of Na+/K+-ATPase and restore the transport efficiency in multiple in vitro and in vivo experiments. Therefore, elucidating the role of insulin in the regulation Na+/K+-ATPase may help uncover new drug targets for the treatment of related diseases. The aim of the present study was to review the structure and function of Na+/K+-ATPase and to discuss the possible mechanisms through which it may be regulated by insulin, in order to investigate the possibility of designing new therapies for related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Peng Wen
- Transplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Quan Wan
- Transplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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Che Ani AA, Mohd Akhir S, Chiang Li-Xue W, Shahidan NZ, Abd Hamid A. Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage and myocardial infarction: life-threatening effects from self-injected hyaluronic acid dermal filler. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2021; 91. [PMID: 34296835 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2021.1845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a widely used dermal filler for soft tissue augmentation. We described a case of a 38-year-old transwoman who presented with sudden onset of severe respiratory distress following self-injection of HA dermal filler. She developed multiple episodes of pulmonary haemorrhage, and her chest X-ray showed diffuse ground-glass opacities consistent with diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH). There were no relevant drugs or past medical histories. Anti-nuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factor were negative. Initially, the pulmonary haemorrhage episodes and ventilation requirement improved with systemic steroid, however she subsequently developed acute myocardial infarction with progressive clinical deterioration leading to death. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first HA-related DAH with myocardial infarction reported with a fatal outcome. This case highlights the importance of awareness and the necessity of having a high suspicion of DAH in patients with history of illicit HA dermal filler use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Aishah Che Ani
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital Tuanku Fauziah, Perlis, Ministry of Health.
| | - Sakinah Mohd Akhir
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital Tuanku Fauziah, Perlis, Ministry of Health.
| | - Winnie Chiang Li-Xue
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital Tuanku Fauziah, Perlis, Ministry of Health.
| | - Nur Zurairah Shahidan
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital Tuanku Fauziah, Perlis, Ministry of Health.
| | - Azman Abd Hamid
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital Tuanku Fauziah, Perlis, Ministry of Health.
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Gabrielli NM, Mazzocchi LC, Kryvenko V, Tello K, Herold S, Morty RE, Grimminger F, Dada LA, Seeger W, Sznajder JI, Vadász I. TRAF2 Is a Novel Ubiquitin E3 Ligase for the Na,K-ATPase β-Subunit That Drives Alveolar Epithelial Dysfunction in Hypercapnia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:689983. [PMID: 34277634 PMCID: PMC8283768 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.689983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Several acute and chronic lung diseases are associated with alveolar hypoventilation leading to accumulation of CO2 (hypercapnia). The β-subunit of the Na,K-ATPase plays a pivotal role in maintaining epithelial integrity by functioning as a cell adhesion molecule and regulating cell surface stability of the catalytic α-subunit of the transporter, thereby, maintaining optimal alveolar fluid balance. Here, we identified the E3 ubiquitin ligase for the Na,K-ATPase β-subunit, which promoted polyubiquitination, subsequent endocytosis and proteasomal degradation of the protein upon exposure of alveolar epithelial cells to elevated CO2 levels, thus impairing alveolar integrity. Ubiquitination of the Na,K-ATPase β-subunit required lysine 5 and 7 and mutating these residues (but not other lysines) prevented trafficking of Na,K-ATPase from the plasma membrane and stabilized the protein upon hypercapnia. Furthermore, ubiquitination of the Na,K-ATPase β-subunit was dependent on prior phosphorylation at serine 11 by protein kinase C (PKC)-ζ. Using a protein microarray, we identified the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) as the E3 ligase driving ubiquitination of the Na,K-ATPase β-subunit upon hypercapnia. Of note, prevention of Na,K-ATPase β-subunit ubiquitination was necessary and sufficient to restore the formation of cell-cell junctions under hypercapnic conditions. These results suggest that a hypercapnic environment in the lung may lead to persistent epithelial dysfunction in affected patients. As such, the identification of the E3 ligase for the Na,K-ATPase may provide a novel therapeutic target, to be employed in patients with acute or chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure, aiming to restore alveolar epithelial integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves M. Gabrielli
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
| | - Luciana C. Mazzocchi
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
| | - Vitalii Kryvenko
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
| | - Khodr Tello
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
| | - Rory E. Morty
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Friedrich Grimminger
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Giessen, Germany
| | - Laura A. Dada
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Werner Seeger
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Giessen, Germany
| | - Jacob I. Sznajder
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - István Vadász
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
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