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Laulumaa S, Kumpula EP, Huiskonen JT, Varjosalo M. Structure and interactions of the endogenous human Commander complex. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024; 31:925-938. [PMID: 38459129 PMCID: PMC11189303 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-024-01246-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The Commander complex, a 16-protein assembly, plays multiple roles in cell homeostasis, cell cycle and immune response. It consists of copper-metabolism Murr1 domain proteins (COMMD1-10), coiled-coil domain-containing proteins (CCDC22 and CCDC93), DENND10 and the Retriever subcomplex (VPS26C, VPS29 and VPS35L), all expressed ubiquitously in the body and linked to various diseases. Here, we report the structure and key interactions of the endogenous human Commander complex by cryogenic-electron microscopy and mass spectrometry-based proteomics. The complex consists of a stable core of COMMD1-10 and an effector containing DENND10 and Retriever, scaffolded together by CCDC22 and CCDC93. We establish the composition of Commander and reveal major interaction interfaces. These findings clarify its roles in intracellular transport, and uncover a strong association with cilium assembly, and centrosome and centriole functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saara Laulumaa
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esa-Pekka Kumpula
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha T Huiskonen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Markku Varjosalo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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2
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Laulumaa S, Varjosalo M. Commander Complex-A Multifaceted Operator in Intracellular Signaling and Cargo. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123447. [PMID: 34943955 PMCID: PMC8700231 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Commander complex is a 16-protein complex that plays multiple roles in various intracellular events in endosomal cargo and in the regulation of cell homeostasis, cell cycle and immune response. It consists of COMMD1-10, CCDC22, CCDC93, DENND10, VPS26C, VPS29, and VPS35L. These proteins are expressed ubiquitously in the human body, and they have been linked to diseases including Wilson's disease, atherosclerosis, and several types of cancer. In this review we describe the function of the commander complex in endosomal cargo and summarize the individual known roles of COMMD proteins in cell signaling and cancer. It becomes evident that commander complex might be a much more important player in intracellular regulation than we currently understand, and more systematic research on the role of commander complex is required.
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3
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Campion CG, Verissimo T, Cossette S, Tremblay J. Does Subtelomeric Position of COMMD5 Influence Cancer Progression? Front Oncol 2021; 11:642130. [PMID: 33768002 PMCID: PMC7985453 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.642130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The COMMD proteins are a family of ten pleiotropic factors which are widely conserved throughout evolution and are involved in the regulation of many cellular and physiological processes. COMMD proteins are mainly expressed in adult tissue and their downregulation has been correlated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in cancer. Among this family, COMMD5 emerged as a versatile modulator of tumor progression. Its expression can range from being downregulated to highly up regulated in a variety of cancer types. Accordingly, two opposing functions could be proposed for COMMD5 in cancer. Our studies supported a role for COMMD5 in the establishment and maintenance of the epithelial cell phenotype, suggesting a tumor suppressor function. However, genetic alterations leading to amplification of COMMD5 proteins have also been observed in various types of cancer, suggesting an oncogenic function. Interestingly, COMMD5 is the only member of this family that is located at the extreme end of chromosome 8, near its telomere. Here, we review some data concerning expression and role of COMMD5 and propose a novel rationale for the potential link between the subtelomeric position of COMMD5 on chromosome 8 and its contrasting functions in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole G Campion
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Verissimo
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Suzanne Cossette
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Johanne Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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4
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Campion CG, Zaoui K, Verissimo T, Cossette S, Matsuda H, Solban N, Hamet P, Tremblay J. COMMD5/HCaRG Hooks Endosomes on Cytoskeleton and Coordinates EGFR Trafficking. Cell Rep 2018; 24:670-684.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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5
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Matsuda H, Campion CG, Fujiwara K, Ikeda J, Cossette S, Verissimo T, Ogasawara M, Gaboury L, Saito K, Yamaguchi K, Takahashi S, Endo M, Fukuda N, Soma M, Hamet P, Tremblay J. HCaRG/COMMD5 inhibits ErbB receptor-driven renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:69559-69576. [PMID: 29050225 PMCID: PMC5642500 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension-related, calcium-regulated gene (HCaRG/COMMD5) is highly expressed in renal proximal tubules, where it contributes to the control of cell proliferation and differentiation. HCaRG accelerates tubular repair by facilitating re-differentiation of injured proximal tubular epithelial cells, thus improving mouse survival after acute kidney injury. Sustained hyper-proliferation and de-differentiation are important hallmarks of tumor progression. Here, we demonstrate that cancer cells overexpressing HCaRG maintain a more differentiated phenotype, while several of them undergo autophagic cell death. Its overexpression in mouse renal cell carcinomas led to smaller tumor size with less tumor vascularization in a homograft tumor model. Mechanistically, HCaRG promotes de-phosphorylation of the proto-oncogene erythroblastosis oncogene B (ErbB)2/HER2 and epigenetic gene silencing of epidermal growth factor receptor and ErbB3 via promoter methylation. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase, AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin which mediate ErbB-dowstream signaling pathways are inactivated by HCaRG expression. In addition, HCaRG is underexpressed in human renal cell carcinomas and more expressed in normal tissue adjacent to renal cell carcinomas of patients with favorable prognosis. Taken together, our data suggest a role for HCaRG in the inhibition of tumor progression as a natural inhibitor of the ErbB signals in cancer and as a potential prognostic marker for renal cell carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Matsuda
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2X 0A9
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 173-8610
| | - Carole G. Campion
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2X 0A9
| | - Kyoko Fujiwara
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 173-8610
| | - Jin Ikeda
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 173-8610
| | - Suzanne Cossette
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2X 0A9
| | - Thomas Verissimo
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2X 0A9
| | - Maiko Ogasawara
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 173-8610
| | - Louis Gaboury
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marcelle-Coutu, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4
| | - Kosuke Saito
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 173-8610
| | - Kenya Yamaguchi
- Department of Urology, Nihon University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 173-8610
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Urology, Nihon University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 173-8610
| | - Morito Endo
- Faculty of Human Health Science, Hachinohe Gakuin University, Hachinohe, Aomori, Japan, 031-8588
| | - Noboru Fukuda
- University Research Center, Nihon University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 102-8251
| | - Masayoshi Soma
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 173-8610
| | - Pavel Hamet
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2X 0A9
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4
| | - Johanne Tremblay
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2X 0A9
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1J4
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6
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Parsa A, Kanetsky PA, Xiao R, Gupta J, Mitra N, Limou S, Xie D, Xu H, Anderson AH, Ojo A, Kusek JW, Lora CM, Hamm LL, He J, Sandholm N, Jeff J, Raj DE, Böger CA, Bottinger E, Salimi S, Parekh RS, Adler SG, Langefeld CD, Bowden DW, Groop PH, Forsblom C, Freedman BI, Lipkowitz M, Fox CS, Winkler CA, Feldman HI. Genome-Wide Association of CKD Progression: The Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:923-934. [PMID: 27729571 PMCID: PMC5328149 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015101152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The rate of decline of renal function varies significantly among individuals with CKD. To understand better the contribution of genetics to CKD progression, we performed a genome-wide association study among participants in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study. Our outcome of interest was CKD progression measured as change in eGFR over time among 1331 blacks and 1476 whites with CKD. We stratified all analyses by race and subsequently, diabetes status. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that surpassed a significance threshold of P<1×10-6 for association with eGFR slope were selected as candidates for follow-up and secondarily tested for association with proteinuria and time to ESRD. We identified 12 such SNPs among black patients and six such SNPs among white patients. We were able to conduct follow-up analyses of three candidate SNPs in similar (replication) cohorts and eight candidate SNPs in phenotype-related (validation) cohorts. Among blacks without diabetes, rs653747 in LINC00923 replicated in the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension cohort (discovery P=5.42×10-7; replication P=0.039; combined P=7.42×10-9). This SNP also associated with ESRD (hazard ratio, 2.0 (95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 2.7); P=4.90×10-6). Similarly, rs931891 in LINC00923 associated with eGFR decline (P=1.44×10-4) in white patients without diabetes. In summary, SNPs in LINC00923, an RNA gene expressed in the kidney, significantly associated with CKD progression in individuals with nondiabetic CKD. However, the lack of equivalent cohorts hampered replication for most discovery loci. Further replication of our findings in comparable study populations is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Parsa
- Division of Nephrology and
- Department of Medicine, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peter A Kanetsky
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology and
| | - Jayanta Gupta
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health Professions and Social Work, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL
| | | | - Sophie Limou
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute and Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Dawei Xie
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology and
| | | | - Amanda Hyre Anderson
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Akinlolu Ojo
- Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - John W Kusek
- Division of Kidney, Urologic and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Claudia M Lora
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - L Lee Hamm
- Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Niina Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janina Jeff
- Department of Medicine, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Dominic E Raj
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Carsten A Böger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Erwin Bottinger
- Department of Medicine, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Shabnam Salimi
- Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rulan S Parekh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University Health Network and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sharon G Adler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | | | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carol Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Michael Lipkowitz
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC; and
| | - Caroline S Fox
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts
| | | | - Harold I Feldman
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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7
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Li H, Koo Y, Mao X, Sifuentes-Dominguez L, Morris LL, Jia D, Miyata N, Faulkner RA, van Deursen JM, Vooijs M, Billadeau DD, van de Sluis B, Cleaver O, Burstein E. Endosomal sorting of Notch receptors through COMMD9-dependent pathways modulates Notch signaling. J Cell Biol 2016; 211:605-17. [PMID: 26553930 PMCID: PMC4639872 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201505108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
COMMD protein family member COMMD9 regulates the endosome to plasma membrane trafficking of Notch through a unique COMMD–CCDC22–CCDC93 (CCC) complex. Notch family members are transmembrane receptors that mediate essential developmental programs. Upon ligand binding, a proteolytic event releases the intracellular domain of Notch, which translocates to the nucleus to regulate gene transcription. In addition, Notch trafficking across the endolysosomal system is critical in its regulation. In this study we report that Notch recycling to the cell surface is dependent on the COMMD–CCDC22–CCDC93 (CCC) complex, a recently identified regulator of endosomal trafficking. Disruption in this system leads to intracellular accumulation of Notch2 and concomitant reduction in Notch signaling. Interestingly, among the 10 copper metabolism MURR1 domain containing (COMMD) family members that can associate with the CCC complex, only COMMD9 and its binding partner, COMMD5, have substantial effects on Notch. Furthermore, Commd9 deletion in mice leads to embryonic lethality and complex cardiovascular alterations that bear hallmarks of Notch deficiency. Altogether, these studies highlight that the CCC complex controls Notch activation by modulating its intracellular trafficking and demonstrate cargo-specific effects for members of the COMMD protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Yeon Koo
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Xicheng Mao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | | | - Lindsey L Morris
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Da Jia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Naoteru Miyata
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Rebecca A Faulkner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Jan M van Deursen
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Marc Vooijs
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO)/GROW-School for Developmental Biology and Oncology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Daniel D Billadeau
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- Molecular Genetics Section - Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ondine Cleaver
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Ezra Burstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
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8
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Rybakova KN, Bruggeman FJ, Tomaszewska A, Moné MJ, Carlberg C, Westerhoff HV. Multiplex Eukaryotic Transcription (In)activation: Timing, Bursting and Cycling of a Ratchet Clock Mechanism. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004236. [PMID: 25909187 PMCID: PMC4409292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of eukaryotic transcription is an intricate process that relies on a multitude of regulatory proteins forming complexes on chromatin. Chromatin modifications appear to play a guiding role in protein-complex assembly on chromatin. Together, these processes give rise to stochastic, often bursting, transcriptional activity. Here we present a model of eukaryotic transcription that aims to integrate those mechanisms. We use stochastic and ordinary-differential-equation modeling frameworks to examine various possible mechanisms of gene regulation by multiple transcription factors. We find that the assembly of large transcription factor complexes on chromatin via equilibrium-binding mechanisms is highly inefficient and insensitive to concentration changes of single regulatory proteins. An alternative model that lacks these limitations is a cyclic ratchet mechanism. In this mechanism, small protein complexes assemble sequentially on the promoter. Chromatin modifications mark the completion of a protein complex assembly, and sensitize the local chromatin for the assembly of the next protein complex. In this manner, a strict order of protein complex assemblies is attained. Even though the individual assembly steps are highly stochastic in duration, a sequence of them gives rise to a remarkable precision of the transcription cycle duration. This mechanism explains how transcription activation cycles, lasting for tens of minutes, derive from regulatory proteins residing on chromatin for only tens of seconds. Transcriptional bursts are an inherent feature of such transcription activation cycles. Bursting transcription can cause individual cells to remain in synchrony transiently, offering an explanation of transcriptional cycling as observed in cell populations, both on promoter chromatin status and mRNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja N. Rybakova
- Molecular Cell Physiology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J. Bruggeman
- Systems Bioinformatics, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aleksandra Tomaszewska
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martijn J. Moné
- Molecular Cell Physiology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carsten Carlberg
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hans V. Westerhoff
- Molecular Cell Physiology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Manchester Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Synthetic Systems Biology, Netherlands Institute for Systems Biology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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9
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Yates SC, Zafar A, Rabai EM, Foxall JB, Nagy S, Morrison KE, Clarke C, Esiri MM, Christie S, Smith AD, Nagy Z. The effects of two polymorphisms on p21cip1 function and their association with Alzheimer's disease in a population of European descent. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0114050. [PMID: 25625488 PMCID: PMC4308198 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
With the exception of ApoE4, genome-wide association studies have failed to identify strong genetic risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, despite strong evidence of heritability, suggesting that many low penetrance genes may be involved. Additionally, the nature of the identified genetic risk factors and their relation to disease pathology is also largely obscure. Previous studies have found that a cancer-associated variant of the cell cycle inhibitor gene p21cip1 is associated with increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease. The aim of this study was to confirm this association and to elucidate the effects of the variant on protein function and Alzheimer-type pathology. We examined the association of the p21cip1 variant with Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease with dementia. The genotyping studies were performed on 719 participants of the Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing, 225 participants of a Parkinson’s disease DNA bank, and 477 participants of the Human Random Control collection available from the European Collection of Cell Cultures. The post mortem studies were carried out on 190 participants. In the in-vitro study, human embryonic kidney cells were transfected with either the common or rare p21cip1 variant; and cytometry was used to assess cell cycle kinetics, p21cip1 protein expression and sub-cellular localisation. The variant was associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease with dementia, relative to age matched controls. Furthermore, the variant was associated with an earlier age of onset of Alzheimer’s disease, and a more severe phenotype, with a primary influence on the accumulation of tangle pathology. In the in-vitro study, we found that the SNPs reduced the cell cycle inhibitory and anti-apoptotic activity of p21cip1. The results suggest that the cancer-associated variant of p21cip1 may contribute to the loss of cell cycle control in neurons that may lead to Alzheimer-type neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon C. Yates
- Neuropharmacology and Neurobiology, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Amen Zafar
- Neuropharmacology and Neurobiology, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Erzsebet M. Rabai
- Neuropharmacology and Neurobiology, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - James B. Foxall
- Neuropharmacology and Neurobiology, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila Nagy
- Neuropharmacology and Neurobiology, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Karen E. Morrison
- Neuropharmacology and Neurobiology, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Carl Clarke
- Neuropharmacology and Neurobiology, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret M. Esiri
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Oxford, Level 1, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Christie
- OPTIMA, University of Oxford, Level 4, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - A. David Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Zsuzsanna Nagy
- Neuropharmacology and Neurobiology, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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10
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Hypertension-related, calcium-regulated gene (HCaRG/COMMD5) and kidney diseases: HCaRG accelerates tubular repair. J Nephrol 2014; 27:351-60. [PMID: 24515317 PMCID: PMC4104007 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-014-0054-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a risk factor for renal impairment. While treatment of hypertension provides significant renal protection, there is still an unmet need requiring further exploration of additional pathogenetic mechanisms. We have found that the hypertension-related, calcium-regulated gene (HCaRG/COMMD5) is involved in renal repair. HCaRG is a small intracellular protein of 225 amino acids and its gene expression is negatively regulated by extracellular calcium concentrations. HCaRG is mostly expressed in the kidneys, with higher levels found in the spontaneously hypertensive rat than in normotensive rats. In an acute kidney injury model, HCaRG expression decreases immediately after injury but increases above baseline during the repair phase. In cell cultures, HCaRG has been shown to facilitate differentiation and to inhibit cell proliferation via p21 transactivation through the p53-independent signaling pathway. Induction of p21 independently of p53 is also observed in transgenic mice overexpressing HCaRG during the repair phase after ischemia/reperfusion injury, resulting in their improved renal function and survival with rapid re-differentiation of proximal tubular epithelial cells. In addition, transgenic mice recover rapidly from the inflammatory burst most likely as a result of maintenance of the tubular epithelial barrier. Recent studies indicate that facilitating re-differentiation and cell cycle regulation in injured renal proximal tubules might be important functions of HCaRG. We have proposed that HCaRG is a component of differential genetic susceptibility to renal impairment in response to hypertension.
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Jin P, Gao Y, Chen L, Ma F. Cloning and characterization of a COMMD4 gene from amphioxus (Branchiostoma belcheri): An insight into the function and evolution of COMMD4. Immunol Lett 2012; 148:110-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2012.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Logan PC, Steiner M, Ponnampalam AP, Mitchell MD. Cell cycle regulation of human endometrial stromal cells during decidualization. Reprod Sci 2012; 19:883-94. [PMID: 22534328 DOI: 10.1177/1933719112438447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Differentiation of endometrial stromal cells into decidual cells is crucial for optimal endometrial receptivity. Data from our previous microarray study implied that expression of many cell cycle regulators are changed during decidualization and inhibition of DNA methylation in vitro. In this study, we hypothesized that both the classic progestin treatment and DNA methylation inhibition would inhibit stromal cell proliferation and cell cycle transition. METHODS The human endometrial stromal cell line (HESC) was treated from 2 days to 18 days with the DNA methylation inhibitor, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (AZA), a mixture of estradiol/progestin/cyclic adenosine monophosphate ([cAMP]; medroxy-progesterone acetate [MPA mix]) or both. Cell growth was measured by cell counting, cell cycle transition and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry, expression of cell cycle regulators were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting, and change in DNA methylation profiles were detected by methylation-specific PCR. RESULTS Both AZA and MPA mix inhibited the proliferation of HESC for at least 7 days. Treatment with MPA mix resulted in an early G0/G1 inhibition followed by G2/M phase inhibition at 18 days. In contrast, AZA treatment inhibited cell cycle progression at the G2/M phase throughout. The protein levels of p21(Cip1)and 14-3-3σ were increased with both AZA and MPA mix treatments without any change in the DNA methylation profiles of the genes. CONCLUSIONS Our data imply that the decidualization of HESC is associated with cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase initially and G2/M phase at later stages. Our results also suggest that p53 pathway members play a role in the cell cycle regulation of endometrial stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip C Logan
- The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Matsuda H, Lavoie JL, Gaboury L, Hamet P, Tremblay J. HCaRG accelerates tubular repair after ischemic kidney injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011; 22:2077-89. [PMID: 21921141 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2010121265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair of the kidney after ischemia/reperfusion injury involves proliferation of proximal tubular epithelial cells as well as cell migration and differentiation. Immediately after reperfusion, expression of hypertension-related calcium-regulated gene (HCaRG/COMMD5) decreases, but its expression increases even higher than baseline during repair. HCaRG inhibits proliferation and accelerates wound healing and differentiation in cultured cells, but whether HCaRG can stimulate renal repair after ischemia/reperfusion injury is unknown. Here, transgenic mice overexpressing human HCaRG survived longer and recovered renal function faster than littermate controls after ischemia/reperfusion (64% versus 25% survival at 7 days). Proliferation of proximal tubular epithelial cells stopped earlier after ischemia/reperfusion injury, E-cadherin levels recovered more rapidly, and vimentin induction abated faster in transgenic mice. HCaRG overexpression also reduced macrophage infiltration and inflammation after injury. Taken together, these data suggest that HCaRG accelerates repair of renal proximal tubules by modulating cell proliferation of resident tubular epithelial cells and by facilitating redifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Matsuda
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Li P, Zhang S, Fan C. COMMD6 from amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri (BbCOMMD6) interacts with creatine kinase and inhibits its activity. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2009; 41:2459-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2009] [Revised: 06/12/2009] [Accepted: 07/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
COMMD {COMM [copper metabolism Murr1 (mouse U2af1-rs1 region 1)] domain-containing} proteins participate in several cellular processes, ranging from NF-kappaB (nuclear factor kappaB) regulation, copper homoeostasis, sodium transport and adaptation to hypoxia. The best-studied member of this family is COMMD1, but relatively little is known about its regulation, except that XIAP [X-linked IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis)] functions as its ubiquitin ligase. In the present study, we identified that the COMM domain of COMMD1 is required for its interaction with XIAP, and other COMMD proteins can similarly interact with IAPs. Two conserved leucine repeats within the COMM domain were found to be critically required for XIAP binding. A COMMD1 mutant which was unable to bind to XIAP demonstrated a complete loss of basal ubiquitination and great stabilization of the protein. Underscoring the importance of IAP-mediated ubiquitination, we found that long-term expression of wild-type COMMD1 results in nearly physiological protein levels as a result of increased ubiquitination, but this regulatory event is circumvented when a mutant form that cannot bind XIAP is expressed. In summary, our findings indicate that COMMD1 expression is controlled primarily by protein ubiquitination, and its interaction with IAP proteins plays an essential role.
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Abstract
COMM Domain-containing or COMMD proteins are a recently discovered group of factors defined by the presence of a unique motif in their extreme carboxy termini (Copper metabolism MURR1, or COMM domain). This protein family is comprised of ten members which are widely conserved throughout evolution and share certain functional properties. At the present time, a number of seemingly discrete functions have been ascribed to these factors. These include the regulation of such events as the activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB, copper homeostasis, the function of the epithelial sodium channel, and cell proliferation. A unifying mechanism that would explain all these events is lacking at the moment, but recent studies suggest that regulation of the ubiquitin pathway may be the basis of many of the functions of the COMMD protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. N. Maine
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Science Research Building Rm 1526, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA
- Molecular Mechanisms of Disease Program, Biomedical Science Research Building Rm 1526, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA
| | - E. Burstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Science Research Building Rm 1526, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA
- Molecular Mechanisms of Disease Program, Biomedical Science Research Building Rm 1526, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA
- Gastroenterology Section at the Ann Arbor VA Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105 USA
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Koivunen P, Hirsilä M, Remes AM, Hassinen IE, Kivirikko KI, Myllyharju J. Inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) hydroxylases by citric acid cycle intermediates: possible links between cell metabolism and stabilization of HIF. J Biol Chem 2006; 282:4524-4532. [PMID: 17182618 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m610415200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 394] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The stability and transcriptional activity of the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are regulated by two oxygen-dependent events that are catalyzed by three HIF prolyl 4-hydroxylases (HIF-P4Hs) and one HIF asparaginyl hydroxylase (FIH). We have studied possible links between metabolic pathways and HIF hydroxylases by analyzing the abilities of citric acid cycle intermediates to inhibit purified human HIF-P4Hs and FIH. Fumarate and succinate were identified as in vitro inhibitors of all three HIF-P4Hs, fumarate having K(i) values of 50-80 microM and succinate 350-460 microM, whereas neither inhibited FIH. Oxaloacetate was an additional inhibitor of all three HIF-P4Hs with K(i) values of 400-1000 microM and citrate of HIF-P4H-3, citrate being the most effective inhibitor of FIH with a K(i) of 110 microM. Culturing of cells with fumarate diethyl or dimethyl ester, or a high concentration of monoethyl ester, stabilized HIF-1alpha and increased production of vascular endothelial growth factor and erythropoietin. Similar, although much smaller, changes were found in cultured fibroblasts from a patient with fumarate hydratase (FH) deficiency and upon silencing FH using small interfering RNA. No such effects were seen upon culturing of cells with succinate diethyl or dimethyl ester. As FIH was not inhibited by fumarate, our data indicate that the transcriptional activity of HIF is quite high even when binding of the coactivator p300 is prevented. Our data also support recent suggestions that the increased fumarate and succinate levels present in the FH and succinate dehydrogenase-deficient tumors, respectively, can inhibit the HIF-P4Hs with consequent stabilization of HIF-alphas and effects on tumor pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peppi Koivunen
- Collagen Research Unit, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, Departments of University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland; Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Maija Hirsilä
- Collagen Research Unit, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, Departments of University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland; Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Anne M Remes
- Neurology, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Ilmo E Hassinen
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Kari I Kivirikko
- Collagen Research Unit, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, Departments of University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland; Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Myllyharju
- Collagen Research Unit, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, Departments of University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland; Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland.
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El Hader C, Tremblay S, Solban N, Gingras D, Béliveau R, Orlov SN, Hamet P, Tremblay J. HCaRG increases renal cell migration by a TGF-alpha autocrine loop mechanism. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2005; 289:F1273-80. [PMID: 16033922 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00103.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We have shown previously that the hypertension-related, calcium-regulated gene (HCaRG) is involved in the control of renal cell proliferation and differentiation (Devlin AM, Solban N, Tremblay S, Gutkowska J, Schurch W, Orlov SN, Lewanczuk R, Hamet P, and Tremblay J. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 284: F753-F762, 2003). To determine whether HCaRG plays a role in kidney repair after injury, we extended our studies on the cellular function of HCaRG by comparing cell migration of two kidney cell lines [HEK293 and Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK)-C7] stably transfected with the plasmid alone or with a plasmid containing HCaRG cDNA. HCaRG-expressing HEK293 cells, which undergo lower proliferation, migrated faster than control cells and presented greater adhesiveness to the extracellular matrix. Faster migration was also observed for the MDCK-C7 cells, after they were stably transfected with HCaRG cDNA. HCaRG overexpression induced major morphological changes in HEK293 cells, including the formation of lamellipodia. Expression microarrays of HCaRG-expressing HEK293 cells revealed the elevated expression of several genes known to be involved in cell migration and lamellipodia formation, including transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), galectins, autotaxins and fibronectin. These cells exhibited augmented synthesis and release of activated TGF-alpha. Conditioned medium from HCaRG-expressing cells stimulated the migration and induced significant morphological changes in control cells, in part, through activation of the TFG-alpha/EGF receptor. Together, these data support a role for HCaRG in kidney repair after injury through its effect on renal cell migration and TGF-alpha secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos El Hader
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology of Hypertension, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Xu T, Yang W, Huo XL, Song T. Abnormal spectra alteration observed in Triton calibration method for measuring [Ca2+]i with fluorescence indicator, fura-2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 58:219-26. [PMID: 15026208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2003.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2003] [Revised: 08/18/2003] [Accepted: 11/11/2003] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We compared two commonly used calibration methods for measuring the concentration of intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) by ratiometric fluorescence dye, fura-2 in mouse neuroblastoma-rat glioma hybrid cells (NG108-15). One calibration method, the Triton method, employs detergent Triton X-100, while the other, the Ionomycin method, uses a calcium-specific ionophore, Ionomycin. In the Triton method, we observed that at excitation 380 nm, the fura-2 fluorescence intensity of steady-state cells abnormally situated beyond the limiting intensity for calibration. By excitation scan, we demonstrated that this abnormality was caused by the change of fura-2 isosbestic points, which in turn was due to cell lysis after the addition of Triton X-100. This problem was resolved in the Ionomycin method by avoidance of cell lysis. Our results showed the correlation between inconsistent isosbestic points and cell lysis. As the basis for [Ca2+]i calibration, the proportionality between the fluorescence intensity and the concentration of dye species was impaired because of inconsistent isosbestic points. This inconsistency can be eliminated by a preliminary experiment of excitation scan to test the feasibility of different calibration methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Xu
- Bioelectromagnetic Lab, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
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