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Thanh Vu HT, Thu Nguyen HT, Hoai Nguyen TT, Nguyen TX, Nguyen TN, Nguyen AL, Nguyen LTH, La HT, Thu Vu HT, Bui QTT, Nghiem TN, Iddamalgoda A, Ito K, Takahashi T, Le TD, Pham T, Nguyen AT. The efficacy and tolerability of proteoglycan F in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: A prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled trial. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2024; 6:100483. [PMID: 38832051 PMCID: PMC11145540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2024.100483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify the efficacy and tolerability of Proteoglycan F in patients with primary knee OA.Design: A 24-week randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial with two arms: (1) Proteoglycan F (received 10 mg proteoglycan daily, for 24 weeks) and (2) control group (received placebo). Knee symptoms and joint cartilage status (evaluated by ultrasound and MRI of knee joints), quality of life, serum cytokine levels (IL-1β and TNF-α), and safety evaluation were measured before, during, and after the treatment. Results After 24-week treatment, pain reduction (in the KOOS pain score) of at least 20% and at least 50% (NRS scale) compared to baseline in the PGF group was significantly higher than those in the control group. The PGF group had greater reductions in the total scores of subchondral bone marrow edema, and bone cocoon under cartilage on knee MRI (classification according to WORMs), which were -2.27 (-4.0; -0.51) and -1.77 (-3.08; -0.46), respectively (p < 0.05). The two groups had no statistically significant difference in knee ultrasound characteristics. After 4 weeks, 12, and 24 weeks compared to baseline, there was no statistically significant difference in levels of urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase within the group and between the two study groups. Conclusions Salmon cartilage PG with 10 mg per day has potential to improve pain symptoms and subchondral bone marrow edema and bone cocoon under cartilage lesions in primary knee OA. However, the efficacy of PGF should be viewed with caution, and future studies are needed for more specific evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huyen Thi Thanh Vu
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Huong Thi Thu Nguyen
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Thu Thi Hoai Nguyen
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Thanh Xuan Nguyen
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Tam Ngoc Nguyen
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Anh Lan Nguyen
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Luong Thi Hong Nguyen
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Huyen Thi La
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Graduate University of Sciences and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Hien Thi Thu Vu
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Metabolism Department, National Institute of Nutrition, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | | | - Thu Nguyet Nghiem
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Metabolism Department, National Institute of Nutrition, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Arunasiri Iddamalgoda
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
- Ichimura Pharcos Co.ltd, Gifu, 501-0475, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ito
- Ichimura Pharcos Co.ltd, Gifu, 501-0475, Japan
| | | | - Tuyen Danh Le
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Metabolism Department, National Institute of Nutrition, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Thang Pham
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Anh Trung Nguyen
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
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Luo Z, Zhou W, Xie T, Xu W, Shi C, Xiao Z, Si Y, Ma Y, Ren Q, Di L, Shan J. The role of botanical triterpenoids and steroids in bile acid metabolism, transport, and signaling: Pharmacological and toxicological implications. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:3385-3415. [PMID: 39220868 PMCID: PMC11365449 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are synthesized by the host liver from cholesterol and are delivered to the intestine, where they undergo further metabolism by gut microbes and circulate between the liver and intestines through various transporters. They serve to emulsify dietary lipids and act as signaling molecules, regulating the host's metabolism and immune homeostasis through specific receptors. Therefore, disruptions in BA metabolism, transport, and signaling are closely associated with cholestasis, metabolic disorders, autoimmune diseases, and others. Botanical triterpenoids and steroids share structural similarities with BAs, and they have been found to modulate BA metabolism, transport, and signaling, potentially exerting pharmacological or toxicological effects. Here, we have updated the research progress on BA, with a particular emphasis on new-found microbial BAs. Additionally, the latest advancements in targeting BA metabolism and signaling for disease treatment are highlighted. Subsequently, the roles of botanical triterpenoids in BA metabolism, transport, and signaling are examined, analyzing their potential pharmacological, toxicological, or drug interaction effects through these mechanisms. Finally, a research paradigm is proposed that utilizes the gut microbiota as a link to interpret the role of these important natural products in BA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Luo
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Children’s Health and Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tong Xie
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Children’s Health and Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weichen Xu
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Children’s Health and Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chen Shi
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Children’s Health and Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zihan Xiao
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Children’s Health and Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Si
- Jiangsu CM Clinical Medicine Innovation Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproduction, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210001, China
| | - Yan Ma
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Qingling Ren
- Jiangsu CM Clinical Medicine Innovation Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproduction, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210001, China
| | - Liuqing Di
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Children’s Health and Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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Alasvand Zarasvand S, Ogawa S, Nestor B, Bridges W, Haley-Zitlin V. Effects of Herbal Tea (Non-Camellia sinensis) on Glucose Homeostasis and Serum Lipids in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae068. [PMID: 38894639 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia increase the risk for diabetes and its complications, atherosclerosis, heart failure, and stroke. Identification of safe and cost-effective means to reduce risk factors is needed. Herbal teas may be a vehicle to deliver antioxidants and polyphenols for prevention of complications. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate and summarize the impact of herbal tea (non-Camellia sinensis) on glucose homeostasis and serum lipids in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). DATA SOURCES PubMed, FSTA, Web of Science, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception through February 2023 using relevant keyword proxy terms for diabetes, serum lipids, and "non-Camellia sinensis" or "tea." DATA EXTRACTION Data from 14 randomized controlled trials, totaling 551 participants, were included in the meta-analysis of glycemic and serum lipid profile end points. RESULTS Meta-analysis suggested a significant association between drinking herbal tea (prepared with 2-20 g d-1 plant ingredients) and reduction in fasting blood glucose (FBG) (P = .0034) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; P = .045). In subgroup analysis based on studies using water or placebo as the control, significant reductions were found in serum total cholesterol (TC; P = .024), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; P = .037), and triglyceride (TG; P = .043) levels with a medium effect size. Meta-regression analysis suggested that study characteristics, including the ratio of male participants, trial duration, and region, were significant sources of FBG and HbA1c effect size heterogeneity; type of control intervention was a significant source of TC and LDL-C effect size heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Herbal tea consumption significantly affected glycemic profiles in individuals with T2D, lowering FBG levels and HbA1c. Significance was seen in improved lipid profiles (TC, TG, and LDL-C levels) through herbal tea treatments when water or placebo was the control. This suggests water or placebo may be a more suitable control when examining antidiabetic properties of beverages. Additional research is needed to corroborate these findings, given the limited number of studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Alasvand Zarasvand
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0316, United States
| | - Shintaro Ogawa
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
| | - Bailey Nestor
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0316, United States
| | - William Bridges
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Vivian Haley-Zitlin
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0316, United States
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Nayyar D, Yan X, Xu G, Shi M, Garnham AP, Mathai ML, McAinch AJ. Gynostemma Pentaphyllum Increases Exercise Performance and Alters Mitochondrial Respiration and AMPK in Healthy Males. Nutrients 2023; 15:4721. [PMID: 38004115 PMCID: PMC10675532 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to determine the effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (G. pentaphyllum) on exercise performance, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and mitochondrial signaling in human muscle. This randomized double-blind placebo control crossover study provided placebo or 450 mg of G. pentaphyllum dried leaf extract equivalent to 2.25 g of dry leaf per day for four weeks to 16 healthy untrained young males, separated by four weeks wash-out. Following 4-week supplementation with G. pentaphyllum, participants had significantly lower leptin and blood glucose levels and improved time trial performance over 20 km, which corresponded with a higher muscle oxygen flux compared to placebo. Muscle AMPK Thr172 phosphorylation significantly increased after 60 min exercise following G. pentaphyllum supplementation. AMPK Thr172 phosphorylation levels relative to total AMPK increased earlier following exercise with G. pentaphyllum compared to placebo. Total ACC-α was lower following G. pentaphyllum supplementation compared to placebo. While further research is warranted, G. pentaphyllum supplementation improved exercise performance in healthy untrained males, which corresponded with improved mitochondrial respiration, altered AMPK and ACC, and decreased plasma leptin and glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Nayyar
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (D.N.); (X.Y.); (M.S.); (A.P.G.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Xu Yan
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (D.N.); (X.Y.); (M.S.); (A.P.G.); (M.L.M.)
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
| | - Guoqin Xu
- College of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China;
| | - Min Shi
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (D.N.); (X.Y.); (M.S.); (A.P.G.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Andrew P. Garnham
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (D.N.); (X.Y.); (M.S.); (A.P.G.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Michael L. Mathai
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (D.N.); (X.Y.); (M.S.); (A.P.G.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Andrew J. McAinch
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (D.N.); (X.Y.); (M.S.); (A.P.G.); (M.L.M.)
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
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Seyedin SMV, Mojtahedi M, Farhangfar SH, Ghavipanje N. Partial substitution of alfalfa hay by Berberis vulgaris leaf modulated the growth performance, meat quality and antioxidant status of fattening lambs. Vet Med Sci 2022; 8:2605-2615. [PMID: 36112758 PMCID: PMC9677374 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Undoubtedly, global warming has caused a decrease in the production of agricultural commodities. This problem has increased the price of animal feed due to competition with human consumption. Meanwhile, the physiology of ruminants gives them the ability to use by-products and agricultural waste and supply their requirements for growth, maintenance and even production. Berberis vulgaris is a plant native to Iran, and after separating the fruit, its waste (mainly leaf) is unused and causes environmental pollution. The leaves of this plant contain significant amounts of phenolic compounds, alkaloids and anthocyanins that have antioxidant properties. OBJECTIVES This experiment was conducted with the aim of determining the chemical properties of barberry leaves, such as crude protein, phenolic compounds, tannins and alkaloids. The effects of substituting of B. vulgaris leaf (BVL) in the diet on performance characteristics of fattening Baluchi lambs were evaluated. The quality and antioxidant status of meat and blood parameters such as glucose, cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen and liver enzymes were investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 21 male of 5-6 months old lambs with a mean body weight of 30.60 ± 1.28 kg were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments with different levels of BVL: 1-diet without BVL (control), 2-diet containing 7.5% BVL (BVL7.5), and 3-diet containing 15% BVL (BVL15; dry matter [DM] basis). Blood samples were harvested after overnight fasting from the jugular vein at 0, 28, 56 and 84 days. The lambs were slaughtered after 84 days of feeding trial and longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle was dissected. Meat quality and antioxidant stability status were measured. RESULTS 15% substitution of alfalfa hay by BVL (BVL15) increased DM intake) and decreased average daily gain (p ≤ 0.05). The LD muscle (p ≤ 0.05), liver (p ≤ 0.01) and plasma (p ≤ 0.05) samples of lambs fed either BVL7.5 or BVL15 displayed a greater total antioxidant capacity than that of lambs fed the control diet. Also, malondialdehyde concentration was decreased in plasma (p ≤ 0.01) and LD muscle of lambs (p ≤ 0.05) fed both BVL7.5 and BVL15. In addition, higher a* and C* values (p ≤ 0.05) were observed in the meat of lambs fed BVL15 than those fed with the control, while the lightness (L*) in BVL15 was lower, compared to other experimental diets CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our results indicated that 7.5% substitution of alfalfa hay by BVL may positively modulate the antioxidant status of fattening lambs and improve the colour stability of meat without negative effects on performance characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohsen Mojtahedi
- Department of Animal ScienceFaculty of AgricultureUniversity of BirjandBirjandIran
| | | | - Navid Ghavipanje
- Department of Animal ScienceFaculty of AgricultureUniversity of BirjandBirjandIran
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Chattopadhyay K, Wang H, Kaur J, Nalbant G, Almaqhawi A, Kundakci B, Panniyammakal J, Heinrich M, Lewis SA, Greenfield SM, Tandon N, Biswas TK, Kinra S, Leonardi-Bee J. Effectiveness and Safety of Ayurvedic Medicines in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:821810. [PMID: 35754481 PMCID: PMC9213670 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.821810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Many Ayurvedic medicines have the potential for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with previous systematic reviews demonstrating effectiveness and safety for specific Ayurvedic medicines. However, many of the reviews need updating and none provide a comprehensive summary of all the Ayurvedic medicines evaluated for managing T2DM. Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate and synthesize evidence on the effectiveness and safety of Ayurvedic medicines for managing T2DM. Inclusion criteria: Published and unpublished RCTs assessing the effectiveness and safety of Ayurvedic medicines for managing T2DM in adults. Methods: The JBI systematic review methodology was followed. A comprehensive search of sources (including 18 electronic databases) from inception to 16 January 2021 was made. No language restrictions were applied. Data synthesis was conducted using narrative synthesis and random effects meta-analyses, where appropriate. Pooled results are reported as mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Out of 32,519 records identified from the searches, 219 articles were included in the systematic review representing 199 RCTs (21,191 participants) of 98 Ayurvedic medicines. Overall, in the studies reviewed the methodology was not adequately reported, resulting in poorer methodological quality scoring. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was reduced using Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa (MD -1.6%; 95% CI -3 to -0.3), Boswellia serrata Roxb. (-0.5; -0.7 to -0.4), Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (-1; -1.5 to -0.6), Momordica charantia L. (-0.3; -0.4 to -0.1), Nigella sativa L. (-0.4; -0.6 to -0.1), Plantago ovata Forssk. (-0.9; -1.4 to -0.3), Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Hook.f. and Thomson (-0.5; -0.6 to -0.5), Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (-0.6; -0.9 to -0.4), and Urtica dioica L. (-1.3; -2.4 to -0.2) compared to control. Similarly, fasting blood glucose (FBG) was reduced by 4-56 mg/dl for a range of Ayurvedic medicines. Very few studies assessed health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Adverse events were not reported in many studies, and if reported, these were mostly none to mild and predominately related to the gastrointestinal tract. Conclusion: The current evidence suggests the benefit of a range of Ayurvedic medicines in improving glycemic control in T2DM patients. Given the limitations of the available evidence and to strengthen the evidence base, high-quality RCTs should be conducted and reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Chattopadhyay
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- The Nottingham Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Haiquan Wang
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gamze Nalbant
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Abdullah Almaqhawi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Burak Kundakci
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jeemon Panniyammakal
- Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Anne Lewis
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nikhil Tandon
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tuhin Kanti Biswas
- Department of Kayachikitsa, J B Roy State Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Sanjay Kinra
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jo Leonardi-Bee
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- The Nottingham Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Zhang Y, Shi G, Luo Z, Wang J, Wu S, Zhang X, Zhao Y. Activity Components from Gynostemma pentaphyllum for Preventing Hepatic Fibrosis and of Its Molecular Targets by Network Pharmacology Approach. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26103006. [PMID: 34070150 PMCID: PMC8158484 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26103006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis would develop into cirrhosis or cancer without treating. Hence, it is necessary to study the mechanism and prevention methods for hepatic fibrosis. Gynostemma pentaphyllum is a traditional medicinal material with a high medicinal and health value. In this study, nineteen compounds obtained from G. pentaphyllum were qualitative and quantitative by HPLC-FT-ICR MS and HPLC-UV, respectively. Among them, the total content of 19 gypenosides accurately quantified reaches 72.21 mg/g and their anti-proliferation against t-HSC/Cl-6 cells indicated compound 19 performed better activity (IC50: 28.1 ± 2.0 μM) than the other compounds. Further network pharmacology study demonstrated that compound 19 mainly plays an anti-fibrosis role by regulating the EGFR signaling pathway, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Overall, the verification result indicated that compound 19 appeared to be nontoxic to LO2, was able to modulate the PI3K/Akt signal, led to subG1 cells cycle arrest and the activation of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis of t-HSC/Cl-6 cells for anti-hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Zhang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Y.Z.); (G.S.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Guohui Shi
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Y.Z.); (G.S.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Zhonghua Luo
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Y.Z.); (G.S.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Jiewen Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Y.Z.); (G.S.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Shao Wu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Y.Z.); (G.S.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Xiaoshu Zhang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Y.Z.); (G.S.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (S.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); Tel.: +86-24-4352-0303 (X.Z.); +86-24-4352-0309 (Y.Z.); Fax: +86-24-4352-0300 (X.Z. & Y.Z.)
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Y.Z.); (G.S.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (S.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); Tel.: +86-24-4352-0303 (X.Z.); +86-24-4352-0309 (Y.Z.); Fax: +86-24-4352-0300 (X.Z. & Y.Z.)
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Shaito A, Thuan DTB, Phu HT, Nguyen THD, Hasan H, Halabi S, Abdelhady S, Nasrallah GK, Eid AH, Pintus G. Herbal Medicine for Cardiovascular Diseases: Efficacy, Mechanisms, and Safety. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:422. [PMID: 32317975 PMCID: PMC7155419 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a significant health burden with an ever-increasing prevalence. They remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The use of medicinal herbs continues to be an alternative treatment approach for several diseases including CVDs. Currently, there is an unprecedented drive for the use of herbal preparations in modern medicinal systems. This drive is powered by several aspects, prime among which are their cost-effective therapeutic promise compared to standard modern therapies and the general belief that they are safe. Nonetheless, the claimed safety of herbal preparations yet remains to be properly tested. Consequently, public awareness should be raised regarding medicinal herbs safety, toxicity, potentially life-threatening adverse effects, and possible herb–drug interactions. Over the years, laboratory data have shown that medicinal herbs may have therapeutic value in CVDs as they can interfere with several CVD risk factors. Accordingly, there have been many attempts to move studies on medicinal herbs from the bench to the bedside, in order to effectively employ herbs in CVD treatments. In this review, we introduce CVDs and their risk factors. Then we overview the use of herbs for disease treatment in general and CVDs in particular. Further, data on the ethnopharmacological therapeutic potentials and medicinal properties against CVDs of four widely used plants, namely Ginseng, Ginkgo biloba, Ganoderma lucidum, and Gynostemma pentaphyllum, are gathered and reviewed. In particular, the employment of these four plants in the context of CVDs, such as myocardial infarction, hypertension, peripheral vascular diseases, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathies, and dyslipidemias has been reviewed, analyzed, and critically discussed. We also endeavor to document the recent studies aimed to dissect the cellular and molecular cardio-protective mechanisms of the four plants, using recently reported in vitro and in vivo studies. Finally, we reviewed and reported the results of the recent clinical trials that have been conducted using these four medicinal herbs with special emphasis on their efficacy, safety, and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Shaito
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Duong Thi Bich Thuan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Hoa Thi Phu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Hieu Dung Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Hiba Hasan
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sarah Halabi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samar Abdelhady
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Gheyath K Nasrallah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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9
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Lee HS, Lim SM, Jung JI, Kim SM, Lee JK, Kim YH, Cha KM, Oh TK, Moon JM, Kim TY, Kim EJ. Gynostemma Pentaphyllum Extract Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in C57BL/6N Mice by Upregulating SIRT1. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102475. [PMID: 31618980 PMCID: PMC6835433 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum is widely used in Asia as a herbal medicine to treat type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and inflammation. Here, we investigated the anti-obesity effect and underlying mechanism of G. pentaphyllum extract (GPE) enriched in gypenoside L, gypenoside LI, and ginsenoside Rg3 and obtained using a novel extraction method. Five-week-old male C57BL/6N mice were fed a control diet (CD), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD + 100 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day GPE (GPE 100), HFD + 300 mg/kg BW/day GPE (GPE 300), or HFD + 30 mg/kg BW/day Orlistat (Orlistat 30) for 8 weeks. The HFD-fed mice showed significant increases in body weight, fat mass, white adipose tissue, and adipocyte hypertrophy compared to the CD group; but GPE inhibited those increases. GPE reduced serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol, without affecting HDL-cholesterol. GPE significantly increased AMPK activation and suppressed adipogenesis by decreasing the mRNA expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBPα), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP1c), PPARγ coactivator-1α, fatty acid synthase (FAS), adipocyte protein 2 (AP2), and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and by increasing that of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT1) and hormone- sensitive lipase (HSL). This study demonstrated the ameliorative effect of GPE on obesity and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Sook Lee
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Dongseo University, Busan 47011, Korea.
| | - Su-Min Lim
- Regional Strategic Industry Innovation Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
| | - Jae In Jung
- Regional Strategic Industry Innovation Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
| | - So Mi Kim
- Regional Strategic Industry Innovation Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
| | - Jae Kyoung Lee
- Technology Development Center, BTC Corporation, Ansan 15588, Korea.
| | - Yoon Hee Kim
- Technology Development Center, BTC Corporation, Ansan 15588, Korea.
| | - Kyu Min Cha
- Technology Development Center, BTC Corporation, Ansan 15588, Korea.
| | - Tae Kyu Oh
- Technology Development Center, BTC Corporation, Ansan 15588, Korea.
| | - Joo Myung Moon
- Technology Development Center, BTC Corporation, Ansan 15588, Korea.
| | - Tae Young Kim
- Technology Development Center, BTC Corporation, Ansan 15588, Korea.
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- Regional Strategic Industry Innovation Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
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10
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Lundqvist LCE, Rattigan D, Ehtesham E, Demmou C, Östenson CG, Sandström C. Profiling and activity screening of Dammarane-type triterpen saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum with glucose-dependent insulin secretory activity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:627. [PMID: 30679754 PMCID: PMC6345837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37517-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing rapidly; consequently there is great need for new and novel therapeutic options. Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) is a traditional medicinal plant, mainly present in Southeast Asian countries, that has been reported to exert antidiabetic effects, by stimulating insulin secretion. The specific compound responsible for this effect is however as yet unidentified. Screening for discovery and identification of bioactive compounds of an herbal GP extract, was performed in isolated pancreatic islets from spontaneously diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a model of type 2 diabetes, and from non-diabetic control Wistar rats. From this herbal extract 27 dammarane-type saponins, including two novel compounds, were isolated and their structure was elucidated by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. One of the dammarane-type triterpenoid showed a glucose-dependent insulin secretion activity. This compound, gylongiposide I, displays unique abilities to stimulate insulin release at high glucose levels (16.7 mM), but limited effects at a low glucose concentration (3.3 mM). Further studies on this compound, also in vivo, are warranted with the aim of developing a novel anti-diabetic therapeutic with glucose-dependent insulinogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena C E Lundqvist
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7015, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Darren Rattigan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Medicine, The Royal College of Surgeons, Ireland, 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Emad Ehtesham
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7015, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, SE- 901 85, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Camila Demmou
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7015, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Claes-Göran Östenson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Corine Sandström
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7015, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
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11
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Zhang M, Li X, Liang H, Cai H, Hu X, Bian Y, Dong L, Ding L, Wang L, Yu B, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. Semen Cassiae Extract Improves Glucose Metabolism by Promoting GlUT4 Translocation in the Skeletal Muscle of Diabetic Rats. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:235. [PMID: 29670524 PMCID: PMC5893868 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a clinical syndrome characterised by hyperglycaemia; its complications lead to disability and even death. Semen Cassiae is a traditional Chinese medicine, which has anti-hypertensive, anti-hyperlipidaemia, anti-oxidation, and anti-ageing properties. Our study was designed to evaluate the action of total anthraquinones of Semen Cassiae extract (SCE) on the improvement of glucose metabolism in diabetic rats and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. First, we evaluated the effect of SCE on normal rats. Next, we observed the effect of SCE using a rat model of diabetes, which was established by feeding rats with high-energy diet for 4 weeks and a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 30 mg/kg) 3 weeks after starting the high-energy diet. Rats in different SCE groups (administered 54, 108, and 324 mg/kg/day of SCE) and metformin group (162 mg/kg/day, positive control drug) were treated with the corresponding drugs 1 week before starting high-energy diet and treatment continued for 5 weeks; meanwhile, rats in the control group were administered the same volume of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution (vehicle solution). One week after STZ injection, fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance (OGT), fasting serum insulin (FSI) and serum lipids were quantified. Finally, the expression of proteins in the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)–Akt–AS160–glucose transporter isoform 4 (GLUT4) signalling pathway was detected by western blotting. The data indicated that the levels of FBG and serum lipids were significantly lowered, and OGT and FSI were markedly increased in diabetic rats treated with SCE (108 mg/kg/day); however, SCE did not cause hypoglycaemia in normal rats. The molecular mechanisms were explored in the skeletal muscle. SCE markedly restored the decreased translocation of GLUT4 in diabetic rats. Moreover, the protein expressions of phosphorylated-AS160 (Thr642), phosphorylated-Akt (Ser473) and PI3K were significantly increased after SCE treatment in the skeletal muscle. These results indicate that SCE exerts an anti-hyperglycaemic effect by promoting GLUT4 translocation through the activation of the PI3K–Akt–AS160 signalling pathway. Our findings suggest that treatment with SCE, containing anthraquinones, could be an effective approach to enhance diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine - Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hangfei Liang
- State Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine - Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huqiang Cai
- State Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine - Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueling Hu
- State Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine - Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Bian
- State Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine - Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine - Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lili Ding
- State Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine - Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Libo Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine - Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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12
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Effect of light quality on total gypenosides accumulation and related key enzyme gene expression in Gynostemma pentaphyllum. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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13
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Hu J, Shi K, Meng Q. Mapping the knowledge of international Chinese medicines treatment on type 2 diabetes: A biblimetrical study. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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14
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Adorisio S, Fierabracci A, Rossetto A, Muscari I, Nardicchi V, Liberati AM, Riccardi C, Van Sung T, Thuy TT, Delfino DV. Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine in Vietnamese Populations: A Review of Health Perceptions and Therapies. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In Vietnam, two types of traditional medicine (TM) are practiced: thuoc nam, medicine of the South, and thuoc bac, medicine of the North, both of which are largely based on herbal drugs used by different Vietnamese ethnic groups. This review presents recently published information from various databases regarding TM, especially herbal drugs, and its integration with Western medical practices outside and inside Vietnam. We first discuss the integration of traditional and modern health concepts by Vietnamese immigrants living outside Vietnam. Next, we describe native and emigrated health education and practices of pharmacy students, health professionals, and citizens living in Vietnam. Finally, we report the recent biological validation of medicinal plants and non-herbal therapies emerging from Vietnamese TM and their current and potential medical uses as identified by Western approaches. The main example described here involves utilization of the tree Artocarpus tonkinensis by the ethnic minority of Black Hmong in northern Vietnam, who use a decoction of its leaves to treat arthritis and backache without apparent adverse effects. Our comprehensive review emphasizes that, although Vietnam has a very rich collection of TM practices (particularly the use of herbal drugs), these therapies should be biologically and clinically validated with modern Western methods for optimal integration of Western and traditional medicine in global populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Adorisio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Public Health, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fierabracci
- Immunology and Pharmacotherapy Research Area Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Viale S. Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Ariele Rossetto
- Foligno Nursing School, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Via Oberdan 123, 06034, Foligno (PG), Italy
| | - Isabella Muscari
- Section of Onco-hematology, University of Perugia, Santa Maria Hospital, 05100, Terni, Italy
| | - Vincenza Nardicchi
- Clinical Urology and Andrology – Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Piazzale Severi, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Anna Marina Liberati
- Section of Onco-hematology, University of Perugia, Santa Maria Hospital, 05100, Terni, Italy
| | - Carlo Riccardi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazzale Severi, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Tran Van Sung
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trinh Thy Thuy
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Domenico V. Delfino
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazzale Severi, 06132, Perugia, Italy
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15
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Gynostemma pentaphyllum exhibits anti-inflammatory properties and modulates antimicrobial peptide expression in the urinary bladder. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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16
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Evaluation of Antidiabetic Effects of the Traditional Medicinal Plant Gynostemma pentaphyllum and the Possible Mechanisms of Insulin Release. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015. [PMID: 26199630 PMCID: PMC4493304 DOI: 10.1155/2015/120572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Aims. To evaluate the antidiabetic effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat, an animal model of type 2 diabetes, and to investigate the mechanisms of insulin release. Methods. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed and plasma insulin levels were measured. Results. An oral treatment with GP (0.3 g/kg of body weight daily) for two weeks in GK rats improved glucose tolerance versus placebo group (P < 0.01). Plasma insulin levels were significantly increased in the GP-treated group. The insulin release from GP-treated GK rats was 1.9-fold higher as compared to the control group (P < 0.001). GP stimulated insulin release in isolated GK rat islets at high glucose. Opening of ATP-sensitive potassium (K-ATP) channels by diazoxide and inhibition of calcium channels by nifedipine significantly decreased insulin response to GP. Furthermore, the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H89 decreased the insulin response to GP (P < 0.05). In addition, GP-induced insulin secretion was decreased after preincubation of GK islets with pertussis toxin to inhibit exocytotic Ge proteins (P < 0.05). Conclusion. The antidiabetic effect of GP is associated with the stimulation of insulin release from the islets. GP-induced insulin release is partly mediated via K-ATP and L-type Ca2+ channels, the PKA system and also dependent on pertussis toxin sensitive Ge-protein.
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17
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Antidiabetic Effect of Oral Borapetol B Compound, Isolated from the Plant Tinospora crispa, by Stimulating Insulin Release. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:727602. [PMID: 24319481 PMCID: PMC3844206 DOI: 10.1155/2013/727602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aims. To evaluate the antidiabetic properties of borapetol B known as compound 1 (C1) isolated from Tinospora crispa in normoglycemic control Wistar (W) and spontaneously type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. Methods. The effect of C1 on blood glucose and plasma insulin was assessed by an oral glucose tolerance test. The effect of C1 on insulin secretion was assessed by batch incubation and perifusion experiments using isolated pancreatic islets. Results. An acute oral administration of C1 improved blood glucose levels in treated versus placebo groups with areas under glucose curves 0–120 min being 72 ± 17 versus 344 ± 10 mmol/L (P < 0.001) and 492 ± 63 versus 862 ± 55 mmol/L (P < 0.01) in W and GK rats, respectively. Plasma insulin levels were increased by 2-fold in treated W and GK rats versus placebo group at 30 min (P < 0.05). C1 dose-dependently increased insulin secretion from W and GK isolated islets at 3.3 mM and 16.7 mM glucose. The perifusions of isolated islets indicated that C1 did not cause leakage of insulin by damaging islet beta cells (P < 0.001). Conclusion. This study provides evidence that borapetol B (C1) has antidiabetic properties mainly due to its stimulation of insulin release.
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18
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Wang M, Wang F, Wang Y, Ma X, Zhao M, Zhao C. Metabonomics study of the therapeutic mechanism of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and atorvastatin for hyperlipidemia in rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78731. [PMID: 24223845 PMCID: PMC3815346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) is widely used for the treatment of diseases such as hyperlipidemia, fatty liver and obesity in China, and atorvastatin is broadly used as an anti-hyperlipidemia drug. This research focuses on the plasma and liver metabolites in the following four groups of rats: control, a hyperlipidemia model, a hyperlipidemia model treated with GP and a hyperlipidemia model treated with atorvastatin. Using 1H-NMR-based metabonomics, we elucidated the therapeutic mechanisms of GP and atorvastatin. Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) plotting of the metabolic state and analysis of potential biomarkers in the plasma and liver correlated well with the results of biochemical assays. GP can effectively affect lipid metabolism, and it exerts its anti-hyperlipidemia effect by elevating the level of phosphatidylcholine and decreasing the level of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). In contrast, atorvastatin affects hyperlipidemia mainly during lipid metabolism and protein metabolism in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fei Wang
- College of Information Sci. and Eng., Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaonan Ma
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- * E-mail:
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19
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Huyen VTT, Phan DV, Thang P, Hoa NK, Östenson CG. Gynostemma pentaphyllum Tea Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. J Nutr Metab 2013; 2013:765383. [PMID: 23431428 PMCID: PMC3572697 DOI: 10.1155/2013/765383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims. To evaluate the effect of the traditional Vietnamese herb Gynostemma pentaphyllum tea on insulin sensitivity in drug-naïve type 2 diabetic patients. Methods. Patients received GP or placebo tea 6 g daily for four weeks and vice versa with a 2-week wash-out period. At the end of each period, a somatostatin-insulin-glucose infusion test (SIGIT) was performed to evaluate the insulin sensitivity. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA(1C), and oral glucose tolerance tests and insulin levels were measured before, during, and after the treatment. Results. FPG and steady-state plasma glucose (SIGIT mean) were lower after GP treatment compared to placebo treatment (P < 0.001). The levels of FPG in the control group were slightly reduced to 0.2 ± 1.5 versus 1.9 ± 1.0 mmol/L in GP group (P < 0.001), and the effect on FPG was reversed after exchanging treatments. The glycometabolic improvements were achieved without any major change of circulating insulin levels. There were no changes in lipids, body measurements, blood pressure, and no reported hypoglycemias or acute adverse effects regarding kidney and liver parameters. Conclusion. The results of this study suggested that the GP tea exerted antidiabetic effect by improving insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. T. T. Huyen
- Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 1000, Vietnam
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Institute of Gerontology, Hanoi 1000, Vietnam
| | - D. V. Phan
- Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 1000, Vietnam
| | - P. Thang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Institute of Gerontology, Hanoi 1000, Vietnam
| | - N. K. Hoa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - C. G. Östenson
- Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
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