1
|
Ferreira LVDO, Kamura BDC, de Oliveira JPM, Chimenes ND, de Carvalho M, dos Santos LA, Dias-Melicio LA, Amorim RL, Amorim RM. In Vitro Transdifferentiation Potential of Equine Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Schwann-Like Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2023; 32:422-432. [PMID: 37071193 PMCID: PMC10401561 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) are essential for the regenerative processes of peripheral nerve injuries. However, their use in cell therapy is limited. In this context, several studies have demonstrated the ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to transdifferentiate into Schwann-like cells (SLCs) using chemical protocols or co-culture with SCs. Here, we describe for the first time the in vitro transdifferentiation potential of MSCs derived from equine adipose tissue (AT) and equine bone marrow (BM) into SLCs using a practical method. In this study, the facial nerve of a horse was collected, cut into fragments, and incubated in cell culture medium for 48 h. This medium was used to transdifferentiate the MSCs into SLCs. Equine AT-MSCs and BM-MSCs were incubated with the induction medium for 5 days. After this period, the morphology, cell viability, metabolic activity, gene expression of glial markers glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), myelin basic protein (MBP), p75 and S100β, nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and the protein expression of S100 and GFAP were evaluated in undifferentiated and differentiated cells. The MSCs from the two sources incubated with the induction medium exhibited similar morphology to the SCs and maintained cell viability and metabolic activity. There was a significant increase in the gene expression of BDNF, GDNF, GFAP, MBP, p75, and S100β in equine AT-MSCs and GDNF, GFAP, MBP, p75, and S100β in equine BM-MSCs post-differentiation. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed GFAP expression in undifferentiated and differentiated cells, with a significant increase in the integrated pixel density in differentiated cells and S100 was only expressed in differentiated cells from both sources. These findings indicate that equine AT-MSCs and BM-MSCs have great transdifferentiation potential into SLCs using this method, and they represent a promising strategy for cell-based therapy for peripheral nerve regeneration in horses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Vinícius de Oliveira Ferreira
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Translational Nucleus of Regenerative Medicine (NUTRAMERE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz da Costa Kamura
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Translational Nucleus of Regenerative Medicine (NUTRAMERE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Marmol de Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Translational Nucleus of Regenerative Medicine (NUTRAMERE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natielly Dias Chimenes
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Translational Nucleus of Regenerative Medicine (NUTRAMERE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio de Carvalho
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro Alves dos Santos
- Confocal Microscopy Laboratory, UNIPEX–Experimental Research Unit, Medical School of Botucatu; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciane Alarcão Dias-Melicio
- Confocal Microscopy Laboratory, UNIPEX–Experimental Research Unit, Medical School of Botucatu; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Botucatu; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renée Laufer Amorim
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rogério Martins Amorim
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Translational Nucleus of Regenerative Medicine (NUTRAMERE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Primary Cilia as a Biomarker in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Senescence: Influencing Osteoblastic Differentiation Potency Associated with Hedgehog Signaling Regulation. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:8850114. [PMID: 33574852 PMCID: PMC7857927 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8850114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering-based therapy for bone lesions requires the expansion of seeding cells, such as autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). A major obstacle to this process is the loss of the phenotype and differentiation capacity of MSCs subjected to passage. Recent studies have suggested that primary cilia, primordial organelles that transduce multiple signals, particularly hedgehog signals, play a role in senescence. Therefore, we explored the relationships among senescence, primary cilia, and hedgehog signaling in MSCs. Ageing of MSCs by expansion in vitro was accompanied by increased cell doubling time. The osteogenic capacity of aged MSCs at passage 4 was compromised compared to that of primary cells. P4 MSCs exhibited reductions in the frequency and length of primary cilia associated with decreased intensity of Arl13b staining on cilia. Senescence also resulted in downregulation of the expression of hedgehog components and CDKN2A. Suppression of ciliogenesis reduced the gene expression of both Gli1, a key molecule in the hedgehog signaling pathway and ALP, a marker of osteoblastic differentiation. This study demonstrated that the senescence of MSCs induced the loss of osteoblastic differentiation potency and inactivated hedgehog signaling associated with attenuated ciliogenesis, indicating that primary cilia play a mediating role in and are biomarkers of MSC senescence; thus, future antisenescence strategies involving manipulation of primary cilia could be developed.
Collapse
|
3
|
Dynamics of host and graft after cell sheet transplantation: Basic study for the application of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain Res 2019; 1724:146444. [PMID: 31518575 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells offer great hope for the therapy of neurological disorders. Using a human artificial chromosome (HAC), we generated modified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), termed HAC-MSC that express 3 growth factors and 2 marker proteins including luciferase, and previously demonstrated that intrathecal administration of HAC-MSCs extended the lifespan in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, donor cells disappeared rapidly after transplantation. To overcome this poor survival, we transplanted the HAC-MSCs as a sheet structure which retained the extracellular matrix. We investigated, here, whether cell sheet showed a longer survival than intrathecal administration. Also, the therapeutic effects on ALS model mice were examined. In vivo imaging showed that luciferase signals increased immediately after transplantation up to 7 days, and these signals were sustained for up to 14 days. In contrast, following intrathecal administration, signals were drastically decreased by day 3. Moreover, cell sheet transplantation successfully prolonged the survival of donor HAC-MSCs. Cell sheet transplantation increased the level of p-Akt at the graft area. Pathologically, none of the donor cells differentiated into neurons, astrocytes or microglial cells. When the cell sheet was transplanted into ALS model mice, there was an encouraging trend in the delayed onset of symptoms and increased lifespan. If each group was subdivided into rapid and slow progressors based on cut-off values for respective median survival, the survival of rapid progressors differed significantly between groups (treated vs. sham-operated = 145.4 ± 1.4 vs. 139.2 ± 1.2). The effect of HAC-MSC sheet transplantation still has a temporally narrow therapeutic window. Further improvement could be achieved by optimization of the transplantation conditions, e.g. co-transplantation of HAC-MSCs with endothelial progenitor cells.
Collapse
|
4
|
Spinal cord injury: pathophysiology, treatment strategies, associated challenges, and future implications. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 377:125-151. [PMID: 31065801 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03039-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Axonal regeneration and formation of tripartite (axo-glial) junctions at damaged sites is a prerequisite for early repair of injured spinal cord. Transplantation of stem cells at such sites of damage which can generate both neuronal and glial population has gained impact in terms of recuperation upon infliction with spinal cord injury. In spite of the fact that a copious number of pre-clinical studies using different stem/progenitor cells have shown promising results at acute and subacute stages, at the chronic stages of injury their recovery rates have shown a drastic decline. Therefore, developing novel therapeutic strategies are the need of the hour in order to assuage secondary morbidity and effectuate improvement of the spinal cord injury (SCI)-afflicted patients' quality of life. The present review aims at providing an overview of the current treatment strategies and also gives an insight into the potential cell-based therapies for the treatment of SCI.
Collapse
|
5
|
Ramli K, Aminath Gasim I, Ahmad AA, Hassan S, Law ZK, Tan GC, Baharuddin A, Naicker AS, Htwe O, Mohammed Haflah NH, B H Idrus R, Abdullah S, Ng MH. Human bone marrow-derived MSCs spontaneously express specific Schwann cell markers. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:233-252. [PMID: 30362196 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In peripheral nerve injuries, Schwann cells (SC) play pivotal roles in regenerating damaged nerve. However, the use of SC in clinical cell-based therapy is hampered due to its limited availability. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of using an established induction protocol for human bone marrow derived-MSC (hBM-MSCs) transdifferentiation into a SC lineage. A relatively homogenous culture of hBM-MSCs was first established after serial passaging (P3), with profiles conforming to the minimal criteria set by International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT). The cultures (n = 3) were then subjected to a series of induction media containing β-mercaptoethanol, retinoic acid, and growth factors. Quantitative RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry analyses were performed to quantify the expression of specific SC markers, that is, S100, GFAP, MPZ and p75 NGFR, in both undifferentiated and transdifferentiated hBM-MSCs. Based on these analyses, all markers were expressed in undifferentiated hBM-MSCs and MPZ expression (mRNA transcripts) was consistently detected before and after transdifferentiation across all samples. There was upregulation at the transcript level of more than twofolds for NGF, MPB, GDNF, p75 NGFR post-transdifferentiation. This study highlights the existence of spontaneous expression of specific SC markers in cultured hBM-MSCs, inter-donor variability and that MSC transdifferentiation is a heterogenous process. These findings strongly oppose the use of a single marker to indicate SC fate. The heterogenous nature of MSC may influence the efficiency of SC transdifferentiation protocols. Therefore, there is an urgent need to re-define the MSC subpopulations and revise the minimal criteria for MSC identification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khairunnisa Ramli
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ifasha Aminath Gasim
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amir Adham Ahmad
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Shariful Hassan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Zhe Kang Law
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Geok Chin Tan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azmi Baharuddin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amaramalar Selvi Naicker
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ohnmar Htwe
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Hazla Mohammed Haflah
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ruszymah B H Idrus
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shalimar Abdullah
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zinc Promotes Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation towards a Neuronal Fate. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:5736535. [PMID: 29765417 PMCID: PMC5932442 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5736535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential element required for cell division, migration, and proliferation. Under zinc-deficient conditions, proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitors are significantly impaired. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that can differentiate into neurons. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of zinc on AD-MSC proliferation and differentiation. We initially examined the effect of zinc on stem cell proliferation at the undifferentiated stage. AD-MSCs showed high proliferation rates on day 6 in 30 μM and 100 μM of ZnCl2. Zinc chelation inhibited AD-MSC proliferation via downregulation of ERK1/2 activity. We then assessed whether zinc was involved in cell migration and neurite outgrowth during differentiation. After three days of neuronal differentiation, TUJ-1-positive cells were observed, implying that AD-MSCs had differentiated into early neuron or neuron-like cells. Neurite outgrowth was increased in the zinc-treated group, while the CaEDTA-treated group showed diminished, shrunken neurites. Furthermore, we showed that zinc promoted neurite outgrowth via the inactivation of RhoA and led to the induction of neuronal gene expression (MAP2 and nestin) in differentiated stem cells. Taken together, zinc promoted AD-MSC proliferation and affected neuronal differentiation, mainly by increasing neurite outgrowth.
Collapse
|
7
|
Shall G, Menosky M, Decker S, Nethala P, Welchko R, Leveque X, Lu M, Sandstrom M, Hochgeschwender U, Rossignol J, Dunbar G. Effects of Passage Number and Differentiation Protocol on the Generation of Dopaminergic Neurons from Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030720. [PMID: 29498713 PMCID: PMC5877581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have demonstrated the ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to differentiate into dopamine-producing cells, in vitro and in vivo, indicating their potential to be used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, there are discrepancies among studies regarding the optimal time (i.e., passage number) and method for dopaminergic induction, in vitro. In the current study, we compared the ability of early (P4) and later (P40) passaged bone marrow-derived MSCs to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons using two growth-factor-based approaches. A direct dopaminergic induction (DDI) was used to directly convert MSCs into dopaminergic neurons, and an indirect dopaminergic induction (IDI) was used to direct MSCs toward a neuronal lineage prior to terminal dopaminergic differentiation. Results indicate that both early and later passaged MSCs exhibited positive expression of neuronal and dopaminergic markers following either the DDI or IDI protocols. Additionally, both early and later passaged MSCs released dopamine and exhibited spontaneous neuronal activity following either the DDI or IDI. Still, P4 MSCs exhibited significantly higher spiking and bursting frequencies as compared to P40 MSCs. Findings from this study provide evidence that early passaged MSCs, which have undergone the DDI, are more efficient at generating dopaminergic-like cells in vitro, as compared to later passaged MSCs or MSCs that have undergone the IDI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Shall
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Megan Menosky
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Sarah Decker
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Priya Nethala
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Ryan Welchko
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Xavier Leveque
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Ming Lu
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Michael Sandstrom
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- College of Humanities and Social and Behavioral Sciences, Psychology Department, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Ute Hochgeschwender
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
- Field Neurosciences Institute, 4677 Towne Centre Rd. Suite 101, Saginaw, MI 48604, USA.
| | - Julien Rossignol
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
| | - Gary Dunbar
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- College of Humanities and Social and Behavioral Sciences, Psychology Department, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shokohi R, Nabiuni M, Irian S, Miyan JA. In Vitro Effects of Wistar Rat Prenatal and Postnatal Cerebrospinal Fluid on Neural Differentiation and P roliferation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Bone Marrow. CELL JOURNAL 2017; 19:537-544. [PMID: 29105387 PMCID: PMC5672091 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2018.4130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays an important role in cortical development during the fetal stages. Embryonic
CSF (E-CSF) consists of numerous neurotrophic and growth factors that regulate neurogenesis, differentiation, and
proliferation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multi-potential stem cells that can differentiate into mesenchymal
and non-mesenchymal cells, including neural cells. This study evaluates the prenatal and postnatal effects of CSF on
proliferation and neural differentiation of bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) at gestational ages E19, E20, and the first
day after birth (P1).
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, we confirmed the mesenchymal nature of BM-MSCs according to
their adherence properties and surface markers (CD44, CD73 and CD45). The multi-potential characteristics of BM-
MSCs were verified by assessments of the osteogenic and adipogenic potentials of these cells. Under appropriate in
vitro conditions, the BM-MSCs cultures were incubated with and without additional pre- and postnatal CSF. The MTT
assay was used to quantify cellular proliferation and viability. Immunocytochemistry was used to study the expression
of MAP-2 and β-III tubulin in the BM-MSCs. We used ImageJ software to measure the length of the neurites in the
cultured cells.
Results BM-MSCs differentiated into neuronal cell types when exposed to basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF).
Viability and proliferation of the BM-MSCs conditioned with E19, E20, and P1 CSF increased compared to the control
group. We observed significantly elevated neural differentiation of the BM-MSCS cultured in the CSF-supplemented
medium from E19 compared to cultures conditioned with E20 and P1 CSF group.
Conclusion The results have confirmed that E19, E20, and P1 CSF could induce proliferation and differentiation of
BM-MSCs though they are age dependent factors. The presented data support a significant, conductive role of CSF
components in neuronal survival, proliferation, and differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rozmehr Shokohi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nabiuni
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Irian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jaleel A Miyan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSC) express oligodendrocyte and myelin markers, but they do not function as oligodendrocytes. Histochem Cell Biol 2017. [PMID: 28620864 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-017-1588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal cells cultured from the vasculo-stromal fraction of adipose tissue (ADSC) show adult stem cell characteristics and several groups have claimed generating neural cells from them. However, we have observed that many markers commonly used for the identification of neural cells are spontaneously expressed by ADSC in culture. In the present study, we have examined the expression of characteristic oligodendrocyte molecules in cultured ADSC, aiming to test if myelinating cells could be generated from accessible non-neural adult tissues. In basal growth conditions, rat ADSC spontaneously expressed CNPase, MBP, MOG, protein zero, GAP43, Sox10, and Olig2, as shown by immunocytrochemistry and western blot. A small population of cultured ADSC expressed membrane galactocerebroside (O1 antibody), but no cell stained with O4 antibody. RT-PCR analyses showed the expression of CNPase, MBP, DM20, and low levels of Olig2, Sox10, and Sox2 mRNA by rat ADSC. When rat ADSC were treated with combinations of factors commonly used in neural-inducing media (retinoic acid, dbcAMP, EGF, basic FGF, NT3, and/or PDGF), the number of O1-positive cells changed, but in no case, mRNA expression of Sox10 and Olig2 transcription factors approached CNS oligodendrocyte levels. In co-culture with rat dorsal root ganglion neurons, no sign of axonal myelination by rat ADSC was observed. These studies show that the expression of oligodendrocyte traits by cultured ADSC is not a proof of functional competence as oligodendroglia and suggest that in culture conditions, ADSC acquire intermediate, uncommitted phenotypes.
Collapse
|
10
|
Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Liver Fibrosis: Recent Findings, Old/New Caveats and Future Perspectives. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 11:586-97. [PMID: 25820543 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-015-9585-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are progenitors which share plastic-adherence capacity and cell surface markers but have different properties according to their cell and tissue sources and to culture conditions applied. Many recent publications suggest that MSCs can differentiate into hepatic-like cells, which can be a consequence of either a positive selection of rare in vivo pluripotent cells or of the original plasticity of some cells contributing to MSC cultures. A possible role of MSCs in hereditary transmission of obesity and/or diabetes as well as properties of MSCs regarding immunomodulation, cell fusion and exosome release capacities are discussed according to recent literature. Limitations in methods used to track MSCs in vivo especially in the context of liver cirrhosis are addressed as well as strategies explored to enhance their migratory, survival and proliferation properties, which are known to be relevant for their future clinical use. Current knowledge regarding mechanisms involved in liver cirrhosis amelioration mediated by naïve and genetically modified MSCs as well as the effects of applying preconditioning and combined strategies to improve their therapeutic effects are evaluated. Finally, first reports of GMP guidelines and biosafety issues in MSCs applications are discussed.
Collapse
|
11
|
Petersen GF, Hilbert BJ, Trope GD, Kalle WHJ, Strappe PM. Direct Conversion of Equine Adipose-Derived Stem Cells into Induced Neuronal Cells Is Enhanced in Three-Dimensional Culture. Cell Reprogram 2015; 17:419-26. [PMID: 26579833 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2015.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to culture neurons from horses may allow further investigation into equine neurological disorders. In this study, we demonstrate the generation of induced neuronal cells from equine adipose-derived stem cells (EADSCs) using a combination of lentiviral vector expression of the neuronal transcription factors Brn2, Ascl1, Myt1l (BAM) and NeuroD1 and a defined chemical induction medium, with βIII-tubulin-positive induced neuronal cells displaying a distinct neuronal morphology of rounded and compact cell bodies, extensive neurite outgrowth, and branching of processes. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of dimensionality on neuronal transdifferentiation, comparing conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture against three-dimensional (3D) culture on a porous polystyrene scaffold. Neuronal transdifferentiation was enhanced in 3D culture, with evenly distributed cells located on the surface and throughout the scaffold. Transdifferentiation efficiency was increased in 3D culture, with an increase in mean percent conversion of more than 100% compared to 2D culture. Additionally, induced neuronal cells were shown to transit through a Nestin-positive precursor state, with MAP2 and Synapsin 2 expression significantly increased in 3D culture. These findings will help to increase our understanding of equine neuropathogenesis, with prospective roles in disease modeling, drug screening, and cellular replacement for treatment of equine neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gayle F Petersen
- 1 School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University , Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bryan J Hilbert
- 2 School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University , Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gareth D Trope
- 2 School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University , Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wouter H J Kalle
- 1 School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University , Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Padraig M Strappe
- 1 School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University , Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Okolicsanyi RK, Camilleri ET, Oikari LE, Yu C, Cool SM, van Wijnen AJ, Griffiths LR, Haupt LM. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Retain Multilineage Differentiation Capacity Including Neural Marker Expression after Extended In Vitro Expansion. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137255. [PMID: 26356539 PMCID: PMC4565666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The suitability of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in regenerative medicine relies on retention of their proliferative expansion potential in conjunction with the ability to differentiate toward multiple lineages. Successful utilisation of these cells in clinical applications linked to tissue regeneration requires consideration of biomarker expression, time in culture and donor age, as well as their ability to differentiate towards mesenchymal (bone, cartilage, fat) or non-mesenchymal (e.g., neural) lineages. To identify potential therapeutic suitability we examined hMSCs after extended expansion including morphological changes, potency (stemness) and multilineage potential. Commercially available hMSC populations were expanded in vitro for > 20 passages, equating to > 60 days and > 50 population doublings. Distinct growth phases (A-C) were observed during serial passaging and cells were characterised for stemness and lineage markers at representative stages (Phase A: P+5, approximately 13 days in culture; Phase B: P+7, approximately 20 days in culture; and Phase C: P+13, approximately 43 days in culture). Cell surface markers, stem cell markers and lineage-specific markers were characterised by FACS, ICC and Q-PCR revealing MSCs maintained their multilineage potential, including neural lineages throughout expansion. Co-expression of multiple lineage markers along with continued CD45 expression in MSCs did not affect completion of osteogenic and adipogenic specification or the formation of neurospheres. Improved standardised isolation and characterisation of MSCs may facilitate the identification of biomarkers to improve therapeutic efficacy to ensure increased reproducibility and routine production of MSCs for therapeutic applications including neural repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K. Okolicsanyi
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Emily T. Camilleri
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Lotta E Oikari
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Chieh Yu
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Simon M. Cool
- Institute of Medical Biology, Glycotherapeutics Group, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Lyn R. Griffiths
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Larisa M. Haupt
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Freeman BT, Jung JP, Ogle BM. Single-Cell RNA-Seq of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reveals Unique Profiles of Lineage Priming. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136199. [PMID: 26352588 PMCID: PMC4564185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasticity and immunomodulatory capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have spurred clinical use in recent years. However, clinical outcomes vary and many ascribe inconsistency to the tissue source of MSCs. Yet unconsidered is the extent of heterogeneity of individual MSCs from a given tissue source with respect to differentiation potential and immune regulatory function. Here we use single-cell RNA-seq to assess the transcriptional diversity of murine mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow. We found genes associated with MSC multipotency were expressed at a high level and with consistency between individual cells. However, genes associated with osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic, neurogenic and vascular smooth muscle differentiation were expressed at widely varying levels between individual cells. Further, certain genes associated with immunomodulation were also inconsistent between individual cells. Differences could not be ascribed to cycles of proliferation, culture bias or other cellular process, which might alter transcript expression in a regular or cyclic pattern. These results support and extend the concept of lineage priming of MSCs and emphasize caution for in vivo or clinical use of MSCs, even when immunomodulation is the goal, since multiple mesodermal (and even perhaps ectodermal) outcomes are a possibility. Purification might enable shifting of the probability of a certain outcome, but is unlikely to remove multilineage potential altogether.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian T. Freeman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States of America
| | - Jangwook P. Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States of America
| | - Brenda M. Ogle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States of America
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States of America
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States of America
- Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Corradetti B, Taraballi F, Powell S, Sung D, Minardi S, Ferrari M, Weiner BK, Tasciotti E. Osteoprogenitor cells from bone marrow and cortical bone: understanding how the environment affects their fate. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:1112-23. [PMID: 25517215 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a dynamic organ where skeletal progenitors and hematopoietic cells share and compete for space. Presumptive mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been identified and harvested from the bone marrow (BM-MSC) and cortical bone fragments (CBF-MSC). In this study, we demonstrate that despite the cells sharing a common ancestor, the differences in the structural properties of the resident tissues affect cell behavior and prime them to react differently to stimuli. Similarly to the bone marrow, the cortical portion of the bone contains a unique subset of cells that stains positively for the common MSC-associated markers. These cells display different multipotent differentiation capability, clonogenic expansion, and immunosuppressive potential. In particular, when compared with BM-MSC, CBF-MSC are bigger in size, show a lower proliferation rate at early passages, have a greater commitment toward the osteogenic lineage, constitutively produce nitric oxide as a mediator for bone remodeling, and more readily respond to proinflammatory cytokines. Our data suggest that the effect of the tissue's microenvironment makes the CBF-MSC a superior candidate in the development of new strategies for bone repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Corradetti
- 1 Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute , Houston, Texas
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fazeli Z, Ghaderian SMH, Rajabibazl M, Salami S, Vazifeh Shiran N, Omrani MD. Expression Pattern of Neuronal Markers in PB-MSCs Treated by Growth Factors Noggin, bFGF and EGF. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2015; 4:209-17. [PMID: 27014645 PMCID: PMC4769598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability to differentiate into neuronal like cells under appropriate culture condition. In this study, we investigated whether MSCs derived from human peripheral blood (PB-MSCs) can differentiate into neuronal like cells by synergic effect of the growth factors EGF, bFGF and Noggin. For this purpose, the expression of five neuronal markers (Nestin, β III tubulin, NFM, MAP2 and NSE) were evaluated in treated PB-MSCs by SYBR Green Real time PCR. The expression analysis showed a higher expression of β-tubulin and NFM in treated BP-MSCs compared with untreated PB-MSCs as a control group. The expression of Nestin was also diminished in PB-MSCs treated with Noggin. This study suggested that the treatment of PB- MSCs with Noggin alongside with bFGF and EGF might differentiate these cells into neuronal lineage cells. The obtained results could be further developed for useful applications in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Fazeli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding author: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. # These authors have equally contribution.
| | - Sayyed Mohammad Hossein Ghaderian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding author: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. # These authors have equally contribution.
| | - Masoumeh Rajabibazl
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Siamak Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nader Vazifeh Shiran
- Department of Hematology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding author: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. # These authors have equally contribution.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Scuteri A, Donzelli E, Foudah D, Caldara C, Redondo J, D'Amico G, Tredici G, Miloso M. Mesengenic differentiation: comparison of human and rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Stem Cells 2014; 7:127-34. [PMID: 25473450 PMCID: PMC4249895 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc.2014.7.2.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Cellular therapies using Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) represent a promising approach for the treatment of degenerative diseases, in particular for mesengenic tissue regeneration. However, before the approval of clinical trials in humans, in vitro studies must be performed aimed at investigating MSCs’ biology and the mechanisms regulating their proliferation and differentiation abilities. Besides studies on human MSCs (hMSCs), MSCs derived from rodents have been the most used cellular type for in vitro studies. Nevertheless, the transfer of the results obtained using animal MSCs to hMSCs has been hindered by the limited knowledge regarding the similarities existing between cells of different origins. Aim of this paper is to highlight similarities and differences and to clarify the sometimes reported different results obtained using these cells. Methods and Results: We compare the differentiation ability into mesengenic lineages of rat and human MSCs cultured in their standard conditions. Our results describe in which way the source from which MSCs are derived affects their differentiation potential, depending on the mesengenic lineage considered. For osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages, the main difference between human and rat MSCs is represented by differentiation time, while for adipogenesis hMSCs have a greater differentiation potential. Conclusions: These results on the one hand suggest to carefully evaluate the transfer of results obtained with animal MSCs, on the other hand they offer a clue to better apply MSCs into clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Scuteri
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia e Medicina Traslazionale, Università Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore ; NeuroMi, Milan Center for Neurosciences, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Donzelli
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia e Medicina Traslazionale, Università Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore ; NeuroMi, Milan Center for Neurosciences, Milano, Italy
| | - Dana Foudah
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia e Medicina Traslazionale, Università Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore
| | - Cristina Caldara
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia e Medicina Traslazionale, Università Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore
| | - Juliana Redondo
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia e Medicina Traslazionale, Università Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore
| | - Giovanna D'Amico
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Clinica Pediatrica, Università Milano-Bicocca, Monza
| | - Giovanni Tredici
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia e Medicina Traslazionale, Università Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore ; NeuroMi, Milan Center for Neurosciences, Milano, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Miloso
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia e Medicina Traslazionale, Università Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore ; NeuroMi, Milan Center for Neurosciences, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Filioli Uranio M, Dell'Aquila ME, Caira M, Guaricci AC, Ventura M, Catacchio CR, Martino NA, Valentini L. Characterization and in vitro differentiation potency of early-passage canine amnion- and umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells as related to gestational age. Mol Reprod Dev 2014; 81:539-51. [PMID: 24659564 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fetal adnexa are a non-controversial source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that have high plasticity, a high proliferation rate, and the ability to differentiate towards multiple lineages. MSC populations have been characterized for their stemness and differentiation capabilities; more recent work has focused on MSC selection and on establishing predictable elements to discriminate the cells with the most potential for regenerative medicine. In this study, we cytogenetically and molecularly characterized and followed the in vitro proliferation and differentiation potential of early-passage canine amniotic membrane MSCs (AM-MSCs) and umbilical cord matrix MSCs (UCM-MSCs) isolated from fetuses at early (35-40 days) and late (45-55 days) gestational ages. We found that cells from both fetal gestational ages showed similar features. In all examined cell lines, the morphology of proliferating cells typically appeared fibroblast-like. Population doublings, passaged up to 10 times, increased significantly with passage number. In both cell types, cell viability and chromosomal number and structure were not affected by gestational age at early passages. Passage-3 AM- and UCM-MSCs from both gestational phases also expressed embryonic (POU5F1) and mesenchymal (CD29, CD44) stemness markers, whereas hematopoietic and histocompatibility markers were never found in any sample. Passage-3 cell populations of each cell type were also multipotential as they could differentiate into neurocytes and osteocytes, based on cell morphology, specific stains, and molecular analysis. These results indicated that MSCs retrieved from the UCM and AM in the early and late fetal phases of gestation could be used for canine regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Filioli Uranio
- Veterinary Clinics and Animal Productions Section, Department for Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Heng BC, Saxena P, Fussenegger M. Heterogeneity of baseline neural marker expression by undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells may be correlated to donor age. J Biotechnol 2014; 174:29-33. [PMID: 24486027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies reported much heterogeneity in baseline neural marker expression by undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of animal and human origin, which could confound reproducibility of neural differentiation experiments with MSCs. Nevertheless, basic donor characteristics such as age and gender were unspecified in these previous studies; and relative levels of baseline neural marker expression amongst primary MSCs of different tissue and donor origin have not been compared by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis, which is the focus of this study. The results showed that amongst a mixed group of primary adipose and bone marrow-derived MSCs (12-50 years), the observed variability in baseline neural marker expression may be correlated to donor age. Adipose-derived MSCs from the youngest donor (male, 12 years old) displayed the highest expression of all four early neural markers (Pax6, Nestin, Musashi 1 and βIII-tubulin), and three out of four mature neural markers (NCAM, NSE and NFM) analyzed by qRT-PCR. Conversely, adipose MSCs of the oldest donor (female, 50 years old) displayed the lowest expression of three out of four early neural markers (Pax6, Musashi 1 and βIII-tubulin), and three out of four mature neural markers (MAP2, NCAM and NSE) analyzed by qRT-PCR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boon Chin Heng
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE), ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pratik Saxena
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE), ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE), ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland; Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cell surface proteomics analysis indicates a neural lineage bias of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:479269. [PMID: 24551847 PMCID: PMC3914342 DOI: 10.1155/2014/479269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are one of the most intensively studied stem cell types with application aims. However, the molecular characterisation and the relationship between the molecular characterisation and functional properties of MSCs are largely unknown. In this study, we purified the surface proteins from rat bone marrow MSCs (rBMMSCs) and characterised their surface proteome by LC-MS/MS. Moreover, we comparatively analysed the data from this study with the surface proteomics data of mouse and human embryonic stem (ES) cells and human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs). The data showed that, in contrast to ES cells and human mesenchymal stromal cells, rBMMSCs possessed a surface proteomics pattern biased to neural and neural-endocrine lineages, indicating a neural/neural crest bias, and suggested a neural differentiation tendency of these cells. The different surface proteomics pattern between rBMMSCs and hMSCs also suggested that MSCs of different origin might possess a different lineage bias.
Collapse
|
20
|
Identification of Rat Respiratory Mucosa Stem Cells and Comparison of the Early Neural Differentiation Potential with the Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2013; 34:257-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-013-0009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|